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Prácticas Y Poéticas De Un Barrio En Transformación: El Caso De Vallcarca En Barcelona

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Prácticas Y Poéticas De Un Barrio En Transformación: El Caso De Vallcarca En Barcelona Prácticas y poéticas de un barrio en transformación: el caso de Vallcarca en Barcelona Marco Luca Stanchieri A questa tesi doctoral està subjecta a la llicència Reconeixement - NoComercial – CompartirIgual 4 .0. Espanya de Creative Commons . Esta tesis doctoral está sujeta a la licencia Reconocimiento - NoC omercial – CompartirIgual 4 .0. España de Creative Commons . Th is doctoral thesis is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - ShareAlike 4 .0. Spain License . Estudis Avançats en Antropologia Social Departament d’ Antropologia Social i Cultural i Història d’Amèrica i Àfrica Facultat de Geografia i Historia PRÁCTICAS Y POÉTICAS DE UN BARRIO EN TRANSFORMACIÓN El caso de Vallcarca en Barcelona Tesis Doctoral en Antropología Urbana Presentada por: Marco Luca Stanchieri Director: Manuel Delgado Ruiz Universitat de Barcelona Facultat de Geografia i Història Departament d'Antropologia Social i Cultural i Història d'Amèrica i Àfrica Programa de Doctorat en Estudis Avançats en Antropologia Social Noviembre, 2015 1 Estudis Avançats en Antropologia Social Departament de Antropologia Social i Cultural i Historia d’Amèrica i Àfrica Facultat de Geografia i Historia PRÁCTICAS Y POÉTICAS DE UN BARRIO EN TRANSFORMACIÓN El caso de Vallcarca en Barcelona Tesis Doctoral en Antropología Urbana Presentada por: Marco Luca Stanchieri Director: Manuel Delgado Ruiz Universitat de Barcelona Facultat de Geografia i Història Departament d'Antropologia Social i Cultural i Història d'Amèrica i Àfrica Programa de Doctorat en Estudis Avançats en Antropologia Social Noviembre, 2015 2 3 Indíce Agradecimientos .............................................................................................................. 9 Resumen ........................................................................ 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Abreviaciones ................................................................................................................ 11 Introducción ................................................................................................................... 12 Prácticas, poéticas y apropiación .......................................................................... 12 La poiésis como acto de creación.................................................................................. 13 Lefebvre: praxis y poiesis ................................................................................................. 16 Del habitar al conflicto ....................................................................................................... 21 Del barrio a la conciencia barrial .................................................................................. 27 Capítulo 1 ........................................................................................................................ 36 Apuntes teóricos para interpretar un barrio vaciado ................................... 36 1.1 La legitimación del control social: vaciar el sujeto ....................................... 36 1.2 El espacio como herramienta del poder y lugar del conflicto ................. 41 1.3 El ocultamiento del conflicto: vaciar lo urbano ............................................. 47 1.4 Hacia una antropología de los “vacíos urbanos” ........................................... 54 Capítulo 2 ........................................................................................................................ 61 La calle, el barrio y el estrabismo metodológico ............................................. 61 2.1 Entrada en el campo ................................................................................................... 62 2.2 Planteamiento del problema y objetivos de la investigación .................. 65 2.3 Perspectivas de métodos .......................................................................................... 66 2.3.1 Estrabismo ......................................................................................................... 66 2.3.2 Etnografía en la calle ..................................................................................... 68 2.3.3 Etnografia en el barrio .................................................................................. 72 2.4 Memoria de lugares .................................................................................................... 76 Capítulo 3 ...................................................................................................................... 789 Historia urbanística, imaginarios espaciales y memorias del lugar en Vallcarca .......................................................................................................................... 79 3.1 Urbanismo y vida social en Vallcarca ............................................................ 79 3.2 De los orígenes del barrio a Porcioles ............................................................ 81 4 3.3 El barrio de las memorias del lugar ............................................................. 100 3.4 Génesis de la degradación. El PGM del 1976............................................ 125 Capítulo 4 ...................................................................................................................... 130 Etnografía en Vallcarca ........................................................................................... 130 4.1 Simbologías en juego: las paredes hablan ................................................. 130 4.2 De la calle al barrio .............................................................................................. 142 4.3 Entrando “en el barrio”: el primer informante ....................................... 145 4.4 Mike: imaginarios de un barrio en decadencia ....................................... 147 4.5 Reunión en la bodega.......................................................................................... 158 4.6 Pensar los hechos e interpretar las palabras .......................................... 162 4.7 Primera despedida ............................................................................................... 166 4.8 Repensar los hechos ............................................................................................ 173 Capítulo 5 ...................................................................................................................... 183 Merodear entre vacíos .............................................................................................. 183 5.1 Park Güell, turistas y trasformación del barrio ...................................... 183 5.2 Reapropiación del espacio vaciado .............................................................. 188 5.2.1 Apropiaciones indebidas del espacio vaciado: la construcción de un cementerio................................................................................................................. 188 5.2.2 Marcar el territorio de las injusticias espaciales ........................... 193 5.3 El espacio interdicto: Un desalojo ................................................................. 198 5.4 La práctica de la destrucción ........................................................................... 207 5.5 Diálogos entre derribos ..................................................................................... 210 5.6 Encuentros inesperados .................................................................................... 215 5.7 Vaciamiento urbanístico de Vallcarca 2005-2011 ................................ 216 5.8 Jorbigo y la MPGM ................................................................................................ 224 5.9 Nuñez i Navarro: del porciolismo a Vallcarca ......................................... 226 5.10 Breve reflexión sobre los precios del suelo en Vallcarca .................. 230 5.11 La MPGM del 2002 y sus reparcelaciones posteriores ....................... 231 5.11.1 Áreas aisladas ........................................................................................... 236 5.11.2 Unidades de actuación ........................................................................... 238 5 5.12 El proceso para realojar los afectados: Nuñez y Navarro vs Ayuntamiento de Barcelona y Generalidad de Catalunya .............................. 241 Capítulo 6 ...................................................................................................................... 255 El barrio como lugar de resistencia .................................................................... 255 Fuente El Periodico de Catalunya, 23/09/2008 ................................................. 259 6.1 Los orígenes del conflicto ................................................................................ 260 6.2 De las tácticas de sobrevivencia a las estrategias barriales: resistencias, organización social y apropiación del discurso ....................... 281 6.3 Prácticas de exclusión espacial vs prácticas de okupación ............... 290 Capítulo 7 ...................................................................................................................... 311 La crisis del sector inmobiliario: el “vacío” como disponibilidad absoluta ......................................................................................................................... 311 7.1 Reconquistar el “vacío”: la deserción como herramienta de lo urbano ………………………………………………………………...……………………..324 7.2 Un nuevo proceso de activación vecinal como estrategia de resistencia y poética del espacio ......................................................................
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