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Schweiz-Zimbabwe Swiss-Zimbabwean Friendship Association Rundbrief / Newsletter Nr

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Schweiz-Zimbabwe Swiss-Zimbabwean Friendship Association Rundbrief / Newsletter Nr Vereinigung Schweiz-Zimbabwe Swiss-Zimbabwean Friendship Association Rundbrief / Newsletter Nr. 70, November 2017 Editorial Die Gerichte haben nach wie vor eine hohe Glaubwür- digkeit und werden immer wieder angerufen, beispiels- Zimbabwe kommt mir manchmal wie eine Wundertüte weise beim Verbot einer Demonstration oder bei der vor – ein Land voller Widersprüche und Gegensätze: Enteignung von Land. Und auch die kulturelle Szene Das Land steht vor dem Abgrund, der ehemalige blüht trotz Finanzproblemen. Finanzminister Biti warnte an einer öffentlichen Veran- staltung im Juli vor einer Implosion im nächsten Jahr. Wir versuchen, diese Entwicklungen in unserem Rund- Das öffentliche Gesundheitswesen und die öffentlichen brief zu dokumentieren. Dazu gehört auch der Rück- Schulen, einst der Stolz der jungen Nation, liegen am blick über die Ereignisse des letzten Jahres von Ruth Boden. In die Infrastruktur ist seit Jahren nicht mehr Weiss und der Bericht von Dewa Mavhinga über den investiert worden, entsprechend schlecht ist der Service. Zustand der Opposition. Die Elite schaltet und waltet nach freiem Gutdünken. So Gertrud Baud, Mitglied des Vorstandes verjagte Grace Mugabe ganze Dorfgemeinschaften, weil sie deren Land selber nutzen wollte. Korruption und Vetternwirtschaft sind normal und werden auch von Nachfolgekämpfe öffentlichen Stellen immer wieder angeprangert. Simba Makoni, ehemaliger Landwirtschafts- und Finanzminister, Ruth Weiss sagte dazu: «Der Fisch stinkt vom Kopf». Einleitung Auf der anderen Seite höre ich, dass eine Patientin Das letzte halbe Jahr war geprägt von den Kämpfen um nach einem Herzinfarkt in der Privatklinik bestens betreut die Nachfolge des zunehmend gebrechlichen Präsiden- wurde, einen Stent eingesetzt erhielt und bald wieder ten Robert Mugabe, von den Wirtschaftsturbulenzen entlassen werden konnte. Die jungen Leute gelten immer und von der Kabinettsumbildung. Involviert in die Nach- noch als sehr gut ausgebildet. (Staats-)Firmen handeln folgekämpfe waren Fraktionen der Regierungspartei Verträge aus über grössere und längerfristige Investitionen. Zanu-PF, die Sicherheitskräfte, das Präsidentenbüro Die Reserve Bank will den Chrom- und Platinhandel und die Frau des Präsidenten, Grace Mugabe. Trotz übernehmen, um Transparenz über die Vermarktung zu guter Ernte und höheren Exporten führten Defizite zu schaffen und Korruption zu unterbinden. Aus demselben Geld-, Devisen- und Güterknappheit sowie zu Panik- Grund wurde eine zentrale Diamantenfirma geschaffen. käufen. Inhalt First Family Editorial 1 Grace Mugabe misshandelte in Johannesburg eine Nachfolgekämpfe 1 Freundin ihrer Söhne, konnte aber das Land verlass- Die Wahlen werden kaum frei und fair sein 4 sen, da man ihr Immunität gewährte. Der Partystil der Wenn die Verrückten das Irrenhaus übernehmen 7 Söhne führte zu deren Rauswurf aus einer Johannes- Militär und Kriegsverteranen gegen Mugabe 8 burger Luxuswohnung. Ende der Mission oder Grundstein Entwicklung 9 Grace erwarb in Johannesburg für US$ 10 Mio. zwei Zivilgesellschaft Häuser und einen Rolls für US$ 444‘000. Sie beschlag- War Vets to de-campaign Mugabe; War vets 9 nahmte den Mazowe Damm und eine nahegelegene against G40; Group tours Gukurahundi graves 10 Farm. Die Bewohner wurden vertrieben, deren Häuser Push for Gukurahundi reparations 11 zerstört. Entgegen einem früheren Urteil entschied ein Violent demo rocks Harare 12 oberes Gericht, die Beschlagnahme der Immobilien des Landwirtschaft Libanesen Jamal Ahmed durch Grace müsse sehr wohl Sakunda ratchets command agriculture 12 von der Polizei untersucht werden. Command agriculture and politics of subsidies 13 Hetze gegen Weisse Wirtschaft Marange diamond output plunges 14 Grace beschuldigte die Weissen, die Lage der Boden- Fears of fresh diamond rush in Manicaland 15 schätze bewusst geheim gehalten zu haben. Gott wür- RBZ to market minerals; chrome exports to China; 16 de nun aber deren Lage offenbaren. Präsident Mugabe chrome exports drive mineral eranings, up 31% bestätigte, dass die Justiz unter Druck gesetzt wurde, um die Landreform vom Jahr 2000 für legal zu erklären. China Nach wie vor ist Mugabe gegen Landbesitz von Weis- China firm R&F invests $1 billion In Ziscosteel 17 sen. Er sagte, niemand würde wegen dem Tod von Chinese firm to roll out low-cost houses 17 weissen Farmern angeklagt. Eine andere Haltung ver- Kultur tritt der Landwirtschaftsminister, der Pachtverträge für Buch: Mugabe, ein afrikanischer Tyrann 18 weisse Farmen propagiert. Unbeliebt machte sich Mu- Theatre PaBridge: Footbridge a cultural success 19 gabe in Südafrika, weil er erklärt hatte, Mandela sei zu Jibilika Dance Festival: Panashe Gabi wins 19 freundlich zu den Weissen gewesen und habe die Jahresbeitrag 2017, Impressum, Unsere Quellen 20 Apartheid ohne Wirtschaftsfreiheit beendet. 1 Zanu-PF und Absetzung Mnangagwas Zanu-PF Versammlungen wurden erlaubt, jene von Die Nachfolgekämpfe zwischen den beiden Fraktionen MDC-T in Karoi am 7. Oktober nicht. Die Polizeiunter- Pro-Vizepräsident-Mnangagwa und Pro-Grace Mugabe drückung nahm zu. Am 29. September schlugen Poli- (G40), spitzten sich zu. Mugabe verhinderte den Sturz zisten nach einer gewalttätigen Tajamuka-Demonstra- von Saviour Kasukuwere, Führer von G40. Grace bat tion auch Passanten. Zinera, ein Zusammenschluss ihren Mann öffentlich, einen Nachfolger zu ernennen. von 15 Parteien mit der Coalition of Democrats, forder- Mugabe lehnte ab, er überlasse das dem Parteikongress. te Wahlreformen. Eine Demonstration wurde mit Gewalt beendet. Am 6. Oktober „übersah“ Präsident Mugabe im Flugha- fen die ausgestreckte Hand seines Vizepräsidenten 2017 wurden doppelt so viele Menschenrechtsaktivis- und Justizministers Emmerson Mnangagwa. Schon am ten verhaftet wie 2016. Terrorbanden wurden wieder 10. Oktober 2017 bildete Mugabe sein Regierungs- aktiv. Autos waren mit dem Bild von Grace zugepflas- Kabinett um. Mnangagwa wurde als Justizminister ab- tert. Im Juli überfiel die Jugendliga von Zanu-PF die Ju- gesetzt, blieb jedoch Vizepräsident Zuvor hatten er und gendliga von MDC-T. Jugendliche setzten Eigentum Grace Mugabe Mnangagwa wegen angeblichen Nach- von MDC-T-Führern in Brand. folgeplänen angegriffen. Drei der Anhänger Mnangag- Heal Zimbabwe war besorgt wegen den Menschen- was wurden als Minister ersetzt, zehn andere wurden rechtsverletzungen. Zwischen dem 16. - 22. September versetzt. Es wurden sechs neue Minister ernannt und ereigneten sich 13 in 10 Bezirken. Versammlungsteil- ein neues Cybersicherheits-Ministerium unter Patrick nehmer wurden eingeschüchtert und über die Wahlre- Chinamasa eingeführt. Chinamasa, ein Anhänger gistrierung wurden Unwahrheiten berichtet. Mnangagwas, war vorher Finanzminister. Neu wurde Ignatius Chombo Finanzminister. Dies war der Höhe- Wahlen 2018 punkt eines monatelangen Streits. Die biometrische Wähler-Registrierung wurde einge- Mugabe war erbost über Gerüchte, wonach die Erkran- führt. Im Oktober begann die Ausbildung. Nach Watch- kung von Mnangagwa vom 12. September eine Vergif- dog Veritas sind für eine faire Wahl 68 Änderungen am tung durch Gushonga-Eis (Graces Firma) sei. Grace Wahlgesetz nötig. Weiter wird kritisiert, die Wahlkom- forderte, Mnangagwa müsse Mugabes Feinde fallen mission Zec sei nicht transparent und Wahllisten würden lassen. Mugabe warf Pro-Mnangagwa-Gebieten wie nicht veröffentlicht. Die Parteien beklagen sich über Masvingo Tribalismus vor. Im Oktober wehrte sich hohe Gebühren für die Wahlbeobachtung. Mnangagwa: Er nahm an einem Staatsbegräbnis nicht Für die Wahlen wurden US$ 104 Mio. bereitgestellt. teil, lobte Masvingos Selbstbewusstsein und verklagte US$ 60 Mio. wurden für Beamtenfahrzeuge ausgege- Minister Jason Moyo wegen Verleumdung. ben. Die Sicherheitsoffiziere erhielten 300 Fahrzeuge, Die Herabstufung von Vizepräsident Mnangagwa sehen weitere 210 Autos standen bereit. Chiefs, Jugend- und Analytiker als meisterhaftes Teilen und Herrschen. Frauenliga fordern ebenfalls Wagen. Mnangagwa wird beim Parteikongress im Dezember Ein AfroBarometer vom Mai zeigte, dass zwei Drittel ums politische Überleben kämpfen müssen. der Befragten Mugabe, der Polizei, den Gerichten und Ein Teil der War Vets, der Kriegsveteranen, die Mnanga- der Wahlkommission Zec vertrauen. Zanu-PF gewann gwa nahestehen, verlangte den Rücktritt von Mugabe. die Nebenwahl in Chiwunduru im Juli, wobei zwei Dies führte zur Spaltung der Organisation und zum Wahlbeobachter viele Unstimmigkeiten in den Wahlre- Ausschluss einiger Führer der War Vets aus Zanu-PF. gistern beobachteten. Bis jetzt waren die War Vets loyale Anhänger Mugabes. MDC-T ermutigte Wähler, sich trotz der mangelhaften Die Jugendliga von Zanu-PF organisierte für Mugabe Vorbereitung registrieren zu lassen. Harare hatte nur 10 Massenveranstaltungen und konnte dafür den Be- zwei Registrierungszentren, Bulawayo eins und in den trag von US$ 20 Mio. sammeln. Mugabe machte Wahl- ländlichen Bezirken gibt es acht. geschenke: Bis Juli registrierten sich 76‘000 Beamten Wirtschaftskrise für Wohnungsbauprojekte. Jugendlichen erhielten Das Geld bleibt knapp. 75% des Handels wird mit Plas- Grundstücke, Mugabe verteilte 20‘000 in Masvingo. tikgeld, Mobilgeld, oder RTGS- System (Interbank- Mugabe übergab Grace die Führung des Komitees für Zahlungssystem), abgewickelt, letzteres für Beamten- die Wahlkampagne. und Regierungsschulden. Handels- und Budgetdefizite, Grace plant, selber wieder Versammlungen durchzu- Schuldscheine, überzogene Konten der Zentralbank führen. Frühere Veranstaltungen hatte sie auf Druck und eine unstete Politik erzeugten Zahlungsunfähigkeit
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