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To Download Now 9.5 MB 2003 Jounql of the Asiqn Elephont Speciolist Group Number 2a: (2OO6) ISSN: 1391 -1995 GAJAH is ant Specialist Group (AsESG) of the Species Survival Commission (SSC) of the Wor journal is intendeJas a medium fo..o**.rnication by members of the AsESG of i . ervation and management of the Asian Elephant (Etepias maximu)borh in the wild and in captivity. GAJAH welcomes communications and research papers on ofih. Ari"r, .l.ih"r,t. "ll "rp..t, GAJAH is aimed at professionals, biologists and academics carrying our research on Asian elephant, govern-..rt "rrd non-government organizations involved in its conservation, and interested members of the general pntli.. All anicles published in GAJAH are deemed to reflect the individual views of the authors and not the oficial poin6 of view, either of the Asian Elephant Specialist Group (AsESG) orthe Species Survival Commission (SSC). GAJAH is a non-profit publication that is supported by financial assistance from the U.S. Fish and lfildlife Se.uice. Editor Charles Santiapillai Department of. Zoology University of Peradeniya Sri Lanka e-mail: [email protected] Editorial Board Richard F. W. Barnes D.K. Lahiri-Choudhury Departmenr of Biology 01i5 45 Suhasini Ganguly Sarani University of California at San Diego Calcutta 700 025 LaJolla, CA92093-0116 India USA e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] layanthaJayewardene Heidi S. Riddle Biodiversity & Elephant Conservarion Trust Riddle's Elephant and Vildlife Sancruary, 6L5 / 32, Rajagiriya Gardens Post Office Box7I5. Nawala Road, Rajagiriya Greenbrier, Sri Lanka Arkansas 22058. USA [email protected] e-mail : romali.j e-mail: [email protected] M. Philip Kahl Raman Sukumar 100 Mountain Road Centre for Ecological Sciences Pine Valley Indian Institute of Science Sedona, Arizona8635! Bangalore USA India e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Journql of the Asiqn Elephont Speciolist Group Volume 2az (2OOb) ISSN: l39l -1996 The production of GAJAH is finqnced by the U.S. Fish qnd Wildlife Service through IUCN - The World Conservqtion Union qnd the World Wide Fund for Nqture (WWF) rucN wwF tb fatll G.lstltillr Udcr Cover: "Seblat Elephant Conservation Center and Conservation Response lJnir Sraff members, Bengkulu Province, Sumatra". Photo: Heidi Riddle for International Elephant Foundation (IEF) Layouts & Cover Designed by Rangana Wickramathilaka Printed at Digital TELEPRINTS (Pv0 Ltd - Kandy, Sri Lanka. GAJAH Journal of the Asian Elephant Specialist Group (Number 24,2006) Contents Conservation News Comment Cbarles Santiapillai Papers Genetic assessment of Bornean elephants: origin and conservation implications Prithiairaj Fernando, Jobn Payne, Geofrq Daoison, Rayrnond J. Alfted, Micbael Stueue and DonJ. Melnich Establishing a sustainable model for the long-term consen/ation of the elephant in Sri Lanka Razti Corea L3 Survey of Elephants in the Mannar District, Sr Lanka S. lVijeyamoban, S.R.B. Dissanayake and Cbarles Santiapillai t9 Mahouts and their elephants working as Conservation Response Unit in Sumatra lV'ahdi Azrni, Heidi S. Ri.ddle, Agung Setyabudi,'V'iranto, Andi Basrul, Edy Sunardi, DidingM. Ichsan and Selarnat Hardi J) The shifting chemical signals of Musth Hei"di S. Riddle, Daai.d R. Greenutood and L.E.L. (Bets) Rasmussen 39 Lipid profile of captive Sri Lankan elephants \V'.D. Ratnasooria, G.K.H. de Aluis, R.D. lV'ijesekera, R.M. Arnarasingbe and D. Perera 45 Short Communications Information on elephant keepers in Sri Lanka A. Dangolla and I.D. Silva 5l Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpes Virus @EHV) Cbarlie Gra.y 55 Historicd Notes History and culture of elephants in Sri Lanka Jayantha Jaywardme 57 Book Review Endangered Elephants: Past, Present and Future 6l Miscellaneous IUCN/SC Asia Elephant Specialist Group - Announcement of new Co-Chairs Ajay Desai and Simon Hedgu 63 Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Commits $ 180,000 to Smithsonian's National Zooto Continue Critical Elephant Herpes Research 65 Internationd Elephant Foundation 2007 Elephant Conservation and Research Funding Suppon Deborah Olson 67 Sri Lanka Elephant program at the Smithsonian Institution's National Zoological Park Re-introduction of the insurance scheme for mahouts Elephants in North American Zoos number approximately less than 275 among 70 or so widely The Diyawadana Nilame of the Sacred Temple of the dispersed cities. AZA institutions attract over 150 Tooth (Ihe Dalada Maligawa, Kandy), Neelanga Dela million visitors, more than all professional sports Bandara plans to re-introduce the insurance scheme for combined. American Zooshave a unique ability to focus mahouts following an unfonunate incident of a mahout and educate these visitors on the critical conservatiofl named Mr. M. Piyasena killed by his elephant while he issues of this century. Vithin North America itself, attempted to give it a wash He was 59-year old father of there is tremendous need to esmblish breeding bull four children. According to an eye witness, the elephant groups as management strategies to dramatically increase concerned was boisterous for a while forcing Piyasena the captive population and improve genetic diversity. to use the goad to control it. The elephant became so Captive elephants are not breeding fast enough to keep furious that he took the goad and broke it in two, before up with natural mortaliry. The Smithsonian Institution turning on the mahout. This was the second incident of National Zoological Park can change all this now and elephants in captivity killing their mahouts within two make a critical leadership step. It plans to proceed with months. In the past two years, more than six mahouts an ambitious plan to renovate its present elephant exhibit. have been killed by enraged elephans in Kandy alone. The new facility will take up an 8-acre parcel of land at theZoo,with approximately 3 acres of ground space for a Source: The Sunday Times (Sri Lanha) Noaember 6, (200r. group comprising 8 Asian elephants. In addition,theZoo USA plans to expand its capability to conduct Asian elephant research and propagation by eventually developing a facility at its Front Royal campus - a 3,200 acre parcel of Sanctuary receives Excellence Award land that constitutes the Zoo's Conservation Er Research Center. Riddle's Elephant & Wildlife Sanctuary has become the first recipient of the Institution of Excellence Award given Source: Smitbsonian Institution National Zoologiral Park by the Elephant Managers Association (EMA), which (2006). is a non-profit organization of professiond elephant handlers, administrators, veterinarians, researchers and Cambodia elephant enthusiasts. The award was handed out in the Fall of 2005 during the EMA annual conference hosted Community participation in elephant conservation in by the Ponand Zoo in Oregon. The award was granted Cambodia "for contributions to elephant training, research and care performed with professionalism, integrity and As wild elephant habitat is eroded by the spread of passion". The Sanctuary is operated 6y Arkansas cultivation and over exploitation of forest resources' non-profit organization dedicated to preserving^ both wild elephants resort to feeding on crops. In this context' Asia and Africa elephants. It offers permanent refuge to the resolution of human-elephant conflict to prevent any elephant in need. The facility provides training and death or injury on both sides, is no less imponant tlran education in elephant management and conservation and the conservation of elephant habitat. A recent survey of conducts scientific study in the health and physiology of Cambodian rural communities indicates that the work elephants. of Fauna 6c Flora International (FFD" Human-Elephant Conflict (FIEC) teams is already changing attitudes to Source: Log Cabin Dernoctat, December 24, (200r. Asian elephants. Community leaders interviewed by Tuy Sureivathana, one of FFI's locd counterparts in Vorkshop on Ultrasound and Veterinary Procedures Cambodia's Ministry of Environment, revealed that villagers no longer rehliate against elephants that raid The 9'h Llltrasound and Veterinary Procedures their crops or damage their property. FFI team has been \(orkshop for \Tildlife Veterinarians was hosted by the instrumental in dissuading people from using spring traps Riddle's Elephant Ec \flildlife Sanctuary in May 2005 and even poison against the elephants. The mitigation at Greenbrier, Arkansas. Vorld renowned elephant of the HEC is a vital element of FFI's Asian Elephant veterinarian Dr. Dennis Schmitt, assisted by the sanctuary Conservation Programme, which also works to prevent staff, taught the course. Veterinarians from international poaching, protect habitats and gather crucial scientific elephant facilities (Canada, USA and Sri Lanka) attended data. the course and shared experiences. Source: FFI Update 2 (2005). Source: Pacbyderm Periodical, 15: 3 (2005). G^Jab24: Q006) Source: Kristy Siegfried in Guardian Veehly, Oct. 28. Kenya Noo.3, (200r. Elephant translocation Malaysia The elephant population in the Tsavo National Park Asian Elephant Range States Meeting in the 1960s numbered 40,000. However, poaching for ivory has since reduced rhe numbers to less than 7,000. The Meeting of the Asian Elephanr Range States was In August 2005, the Kenya Vildlife Service (K\fS) held on lanuary 2+26, 2006 in Malaysia. The meeting began rounding up 400 of the 700 elephants in Shimba commenced with an inaugural session, where Dr. Hills and moving them to Tsavo East, a much bigger Holly Dublin - the Chair of IUCN Species Survival park in southern Kenya with the hope of repopulating Commission delivered the key note address, followed the national park. Family groups were selected for by addresses made by the Director General of the translocation by marksmen in helicopters who fired Depanment of \flildlife and Nationd Parks, Malaysia tranquilizer darts at their targets, before loading the @erhilitan), and the Parliamentary Secretary of the elephants into a giant $eel crare for the 300 km journey. Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment K\7S hopes to track the relocated elephants using GPS (NRE). Dr. Dublin highlighted the imponance of this collars, fitted to the matriarchs who led each family.
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