Translational Control in Cancer Etiology
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Translational Resistance of Late Alphavirus Mrna to Eif2␣ Phosphorylation: a Strategy to Overcome the Antiviral Effect of Protein Kinase PKR
Downloaded from genesdev.cshlp.org on September 29, 2021 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press Translational resistance of late alphavirus mRNA to eIF2␣ phosphorylation: a strategy to overcome the antiviral effect of protein kinase PKR Iván Ventoso,1,3 Miguel Angel Sanz,2 Susana Molina,2 Juan José Berlanga,2 Luis Carrasco,2 and Mariano Esteban1 1Departamento de Biología Molecular y Celular, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; 2Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Facultad de Ciencias, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain The double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) is one of the four mammalian kinases that phosphorylates the translation initiation factor 2␣ in response to virus infection. This kinase is induced by interferon and activated by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2␣ (eIF2␣) blocks translation initiation of both cellular and viral mRNA, inhibiting virus replication. To counteract this effect, most viruses express inhibitors that prevent PKR activation in infected cells. Here we report that PKR is highly activated following infection with alphaviruses Sindbis (SV) and Semliki Forest virus (SFV), leading to the almost complete phosphorylation of eIF2␣. Notably, subgenomic SV 26S mRNA is translated efficiently in the presence of phosphorylated eIF2␣. This modification of eIF2 does not restrict viral replication; SV 26S mRNA initiates translation with canonical methionine in the presence of high levels of phosphorylated eIF2␣. Genetic and biochemical data showed a highly stable RNA hairpin loop located downstream of the AUG initiator codon that is necessary to provide translational resistance to eIF2␣ phosphorylation. This structure can stall the ribosomes on the correct site to initiate translation of SV 26S mRNA, thus bypassing the requirement for a functional eIF2. -
Translational Control in Cancer Etiology
Downloaded from http://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/ on October 1, 2021 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press Translational Control in Cancer Etiology Davide Ruggero Helen Diller Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158 Correspondence: [email protected] The link between perturbations in translational control and cancer etiology is becoming a primary focus in cancer research. It has now been established that genetic alterations in several components of the translational apparatus underlie spontaneous cancers as well as an entire class of inherited syndromes known as “ribosomopathies” associated with in- creased cancer susceptibility. These discoveries have illuminated the importance of dereg- ulations in translational control to very specific cellular processes that contribute to cancer etiology. In addition, a growing body of evidence supports the view that deregulation of translational control is a common mechanism by which diverse oncogenic pathways promote cellular transformation and tumor development. Indeed, activation of these key oncogenic pathways induces rapid and dramatic translational reprogramming both by in- creasing overall protein synthesis and by modulating specific mRNA networks. These trans- lational changes promote cellular transformation, impacting almost every phase of tumor development. This paradigm represents a new frontier in the multihit model of cancer for- mation and offers significant promise for innovative cancer therapies. Current research, -
Supplementary Table 1. Primer Sequences Used in RT-PCR Analysis
Supplementary Table 1. Primer sequences used in RT-PCR analysis L32 Forward TGAAGCAGGCATCTGAGGG Reverse CGAAGGTGGAAGAG TGGGAG LIFR Forward CTCTCAGGCCAGAGTTGAGC Reverse GCTGTTCAGTCAGCCCTCTC CCR2 Forward TGTCTTCCCTGAATTGAGCC Reverse AAACGCATTAGTGGACAGGG IL12R Forward CGCAATACGTCGTGCGCTGC Reverse CACTCTGACTCCCACGCGCC CSF1R Forward GCTGGTGCGGATTCGAGGGG Reverse TTCGGCGTTAGTGGCCGAGC TGFbR1 Forward ACGCGCTGACATCTATGCAA Reverse CGTCGAGCAATTTCCCAGAA TGFbR2 Forward GCGCATCGCCAGCACGATCC Reverse TGGGCTTCCATTTCCACATCCGA CXCR1 Forward TCCTCCTGCCGCTGCTCACT Reverse CATGCGCAGTGTGAGCCCGT CXCR2 Forward CCTCGTGCCGCTGCTCATCA Reverse GGTGCGCAGTGTGAACCCGT CXCR3 Forward GGTCGCACTGCTCTGCGTGT Reverse GGGGCAGCAGGAAACCAGCC CXCR4 Forward GAGGCGTTTGGTGCTCCGGT Reverse TCGGTTCCATGGCAACACTCGC VEGFR1 (Flt1) Forward CGCGTGAAGAGTGGGTCCT Reverse CACATGCACGGAGGTGTTG VEGFR2 (Flk1) Forward AGCCCAGACTGTGTCCCGCA Reverse GGTGTCCGCGGAATCGGGTC VEGFR3 (Flt4) Forward GCCCGAGGACGAGGGTGACT Reverse CCTGGCTGCGCCTATCCTGC human Flt1 Forward GCACGTCAGCGAAGGCAAGC Reverse CCAGCTCAGCGTGGTCGTAGG Supplementary Table 2. List of putative miR-200 target genes amplified in human cancers amplified in cancers (Tumorscape)a Gene Symbol Title various cancers NSCLC PCT Errfi1 ERBB receptor feedback inhibitor 1 - yes 0.94 D11Bwg0517e DNA segment, Chr 11, Brigham & Women's Genetics 0517 expressed - yes 0.91 Pvrl4 poliovirus receptor-related 4 yes - 0.91 Mecp2 methyl CpG binding protein 2 yes yes 0.9 Jun Jun oncogene yes - 0.88 Prdm16 PR domain containing 16 - yes 0.88 Flt1 FMS-like tyrosine kinase 1 yes -
A Computational Approach for Defining a Signature of Β-Cell Golgi Stress in Diabetes Mellitus
Page 1 of 781 Diabetes A Computational Approach for Defining a Signature of β-Cell Golgi Stress in Diabetes Mellitus Robert N. Bone1,6,7, Olufunmilola Oyebamiji2, Sayali Talware2, Sharmila Selvaraj2, Preethi Krishnan3,6, Farooq Syed1,6,7, Huanmei Wu2, Carmella Evans-Molina 1,3,4,5,6,7,8* Departments of 1Pediatrics, 3Medicine, 4Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, 5Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, the 6Center for Diabetes & Metabolic Diseases, and the 7Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202; 2Department of BioHealth Informatics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202; 8Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202. *Corresponding Author(s): Carmella Evans-Molina, MD, PhD ([email protected]) Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, MS 2031A, Indianapolis, IN 46202, Telephone: (317) 274-4145, Fax (317) 274-4107 Running Title: Golgi Stress Response in Diabetes Word Count: 4358 Number of Figures: 6 Keywords: Golgi apparatus stress, Islets, β cell, Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes 1 Diabetes Publish Ahead of Print, published online August 20, 2020 Diabetes Page 2 of 781 ABSTRACT The Golgi apparatus (GA) is an important site of insulin processing and granule maturation, but whether GA organelle dysfunction and GA stress are present in the diabetic β-cell has not been tested. We utilized an informatics-based approach to develop a transcriptional signature of β-cell GA stress using existing RNA sequencing and microarray datasets generated using human islets from donors with diabetes and islets where type 1(T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) had been modeled ex vivo. To narrow our results to GA-specific genes, we applied a filter set of 1,030 genes accepted as GA associated. -
Knockdown of EIF5A2 Inhibits the Malignant Potential of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells
ONCOLOGY LETTERS 15: 4541-4549, 2018 Knockdown of EIF5A2 inhibits the malignant potential of non-small cell lung cancer cells CHENG CHEN1*, BOJIA ZHANG2*, SHANSHAN WU3, YONGXIANG SONG1 and JIAN LI1 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000; 2Department of Infectious Disease, Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072; 3Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China Received March 16, 2016; Accepted February 23, 2017 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7832 Abstract. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A2 through these proteins. EIF5A2 may therefore serve as a novel (EIF5A2) has been demonstrated to be upregulated in therapeutic target for the treatment of NSCLC. numerous types of human cancer and is associated with cancer progression. However, the expression and role of Introduction EIF5A2 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. In the present study, the role of EIF5A2 in NSCLC Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of was investigated, in addition to the underlying molecular pulmonary malignancies (1) and is one of the leading causes of mechanisms by which EIF5A2 acts. Relative EIF5A2 expres- cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Recurrent and meta- sion levels were determined in NSCLC cells and compared static disease is the main cause of mortality, and the 5-year with levels in non-cancerous lung tissues. Short interfering survival rate for lung cancer is 15% (2). Therefore, in order to (si)RNA targeted against EIF5A2 was used to knock down improve the prognosis for patients with NSCLC, it is impor- EIF5A2 levels in NSCLC cells. -
EIF5A2 Controls Ovarian Tumor Growth and Metastasis by Promoting Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition Via the Title Tgfβ Pathway
EIF5A2 controls ovarian tumor growth and metastasis by promoting epithelial to mesenchymal transition via the Title TGFβ pathway Zhao, Guannan; Zhang, Wenjing; Dong, Peixin; Watari, Hidemichi; Guo, Yuqi; Pfeffer, Lawrence M; Tigyi, Gabor; Author(s) Yue, Junming Cell & Bioscience, 11, 70 Citation https://doi.org/10.1186/s13578-021-00578-5 Issue Date 2021-04-07 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/80967 Rights(URL) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Type article File Information Yue EIF5A2 paper.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP Zhao et al. Cell Biosci (2021) 11:70 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13578-021-00578-5 Cell & Bioscience RESEARCH Open Access EIF5A2 controls ovarian tumor growth and metastasis by promoting epithelial to mesenchymal transition via the TGFβ pathway Guannan Zhao1,2, Wenjing Zhang3, Peixin Dong4, Hidemichi Watari4, Yuqi Guo5*, Lawrence M. Pfefer1,2, Gabor Tigyi6 and Junming Yue1,2* Abstract Background: Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to tumor metastasis and chemoresistance. Eukaryotic initiation factor 5A2 (EIF5A2) is highly expressed in a variety of human cancers but rarely expressed in normal tissues. While EIF5A2 has oncogenic activity in several cancers and contributes to tumor metastasis, its role in ovarian cancer is unknown. In this study, we investigate whether EIF5A2 contributes to ovarian tumor metastasis by promoting EMT. Methods: To investigate the role of EIF5A2, we knocked out (KO) EIF5A2 using lentiviral CRISPR/Cas9 nickase in high invasive SKOV3 and OVCAR8 cells and overexpressed EIF5A2 in low invasive OVCAR3 cells using lentiviral vector. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion was examined in vitro ovarian cancer cells and tumor metastasis was evaluated in vivo using orthotopic ovarian cancer mouse models. -
WO 2019/079361 Al 25 April 2019 (25.04.2019) W 1P O PCT
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization I International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2019/079361 Al 25 April 2019 (25.04.2019) W 1P O PCT (51) International Patent Classification: CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, DO, C12Q 1/68 (2018.01) A61P 31/18 (2006.01) DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, C12Q 1/70 (2006.01) HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JO, JP, KE, KG, KH, KN, KP, KR, KW, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, (21) International Application Number: MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, PCT/US2018/056167 OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, (22) International Filing Date: SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, 16 October 2018 (16. 10.2018) TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. (25) Filing Language: English (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, (26) Publication Language: English GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, ST, SZ, TZ, (30) Priority Data: UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, TJ, 62/573,025 16 October 2017 (16. 10.2017) US TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, ΓΕ , IS, IT, LT, LU, LV, (71) Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF MC, MK, MT, NL, NO, PL, PT, RO, RS, SE, SI, SK, SM, TECHNOLOGY [US/US]; 77 Massachusetts Avenue, TR), OAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, GW, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 (US). -
Reporterseq Reveals Genome-Wide Dynamic Modulators of the Heat
RESEARCH ARTICLE ReporterSeq reveals genome-wide dynamic modulators of the heat shock response across diverse stressors Brian D Alford1†, Eduardo Tassoni-Tsuchida1,2†, Danish Khan1, Jeremy J Work1, Gregory Valiant3, Onn Brandman1* 1Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, United States; 2Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States; 3Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, United States Abstract Understanding cellular stress response pathways is challenging because of the complexity of regulatory mechanisms and response dynamics, which can vary with both time and the type of stress. We developed a reverse genetic method called ReporterSeq to comprehensively identify genes regulating a stress-induced transcription factor under multiple conditions in a time- resolved manner. ReporterSeq links RNA-encoded barcode levels to pathway-specific output under genetic perturbations, allowing pooled pathway activity measurements via DNA sequencing alone and without cell enrichment or single-cell isolation. We used ReporterSeq to identify regulators of the heat shock response (HSR), a conserved, poorly understood transcriptional program that protects cells from proteotoxicity and is misregulated in disease. Genome-wide HSR regulation in budding yeast was assessed across 15 stress conditions, uncovering novel stress-specific, time- specific, and constitutive regulators. ReporterSeq can assess the genetic regulators of any transcriptional pathway with the scale of pooled genetic screens and the precision of pathway- specific readouts. *For correspondence: [email protected] †These authors contributed equally to this work Introduction Competing interests: The The heat shock response (HSR) is a conserved stress response that shields cells from cytoplasmic authors declare that no proteotoxicity by increasing the expression of protective proteins (Lindquist, 1986; Mori- competing interests exist. -
Translation Initiation Factor Modifications and the Regulation of Protein Synthesis in Apoptotic Cells
Cell Death and Differentiation (2000) 7, 603 ± 615 ã 2000 Macmillan Publishers Ltd All rights reserved 1350-9047/00 $15.00 www.nature.com/cdd Translation initiation factor modifications and the regulation of protein synthesis in apoptotic cells ,1 1 1 2 MJ Clemens* , M Bushell , IW Jeffrey , VM Pain and Introduction SJ Morley2 Apoptosis is now recognized to be an important physiological 1 Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Cellular and Molecular process by which cell and tissue growth, differentiation and Sciences Group, St George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, programmes of development are regulated. The molecular London SW17 ORE, UK mechanisms of apoptosis have been the subject of intense 2 Biochemistry Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Sussex, research in recent years (for reviews see1±5). Cell death is Brighton BN1 9QG, UK induced following the stimulation of specific cell surface * Corresponding author: MJ Clemens, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Cellular and Molecular Sciences Group, St George's Hospital receptors such as the CD95 (Apo-1/Fas) antigen or the 6 Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 ORE, UK. Tel: +44 20 8725 tumour necrosis factor-a (TNFa) receptor-1 (TNFR-1). It can 5770; Fax: +44 20 8725 2992; E-mail: [email protected] also result from intracellular events such as DNA damage or from a lack of specific growth factors. The relative importance Received 6.12.99; revised 25.1.00; accepted 20.3.00 of these different influences varies between cell types. The Edited by M Piacentini apoptotic process can be divided into a commitment phase and an execution phase. -
Proteomics of Stress Responses in Wheat and Barley—Search for Potential Protein Markers of Stress Tolerance
MINI REVIEW ARTICLE published: 11 December 2014 doi: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00711 Proteomics of stress responses in wheat and barley—search for potential protein markers of stress tolerance Klára Kosová*, Pavel Vítámvás and Ilja T. Prášil Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology and Biotechnology, Division of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Product Quality, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Edited by: Wheat (Triticum aestivum; T. durum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) agricultural production Jesus V. Jorrin Novo, University of is severely limited by various abiotic and biotic stress factors. Proteins are directly Cordoba, Spain involved in plant stress response so it is important to study proteome changes Reviewed by: under various stress conditions. Generally, both abiotic and biotic stress factors induce Martin Hajduch, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Slovakia profound alterations in protein network covering signaling, energy metabolism (glycolysis, Jesus V. Jorrin Novo, University of Krebs cycle, ATP biosynthesis, photosynthesis), storage proteins, protein metabolism, Cordoba, Spain several other biosynthetic pathways (e.g., S-adenosylmethionine metabolism, lignin Arkadiusz Kosmala, Institute of Plant metabolism), transport proteins, proteins involved in protein folding and chaperone Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland activities, other protective proteins (LEA, PR proteins), ROS scavenging enzymes as *Correspondence: well as proteins affecting regulation of plant growth and development. Proteins which Klára Kosová, Laboratory of Plant have been reported to reveal significant differences in their relative abundance or Stress Biology and Biotechnology, posttranslational modifications between wheat, barley or related species genotypes under Division of Crop Genetics and stress conditions are listed and their potential role in underlying the differential stress Breeding, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507, Prague 6 – Ruzyne,ˇ response is discussed. -
A Master Autoantigen-Ome Links Alternative Splicing, Female Predilection, and COVID-19 to Autoimmune Diseases
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.30.454526; this version posted August 4, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. A Master Autoantigen-ome Links Alternative Splicing, Female Predilection, and COVID-19 to Autoimmune Diseases Julia Y. Wang1*, Michael W. Roehrl1, Victor B. Roehrl1, and Michael H. Roehrl2* 1 Curandis, New York, USA 2 Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected] 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.30.454526; this version posted August 4, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. Abstract Chronic and debilitating autoimmune sequelae pose a grave concern for the post-COVID-19 pandemic era. Based on our discovery that the glycosaminoglycan dermatan sulfate (DS) displays peculiar affinity to apoptotic cells and autoantigens (autoAgs) and that DS-autoAg complexes cooperatively stimulate autoreactive B1 cell responses, we compiled a database of 751 candidate autoAgs from six human cell types. At least 657 of these have been found to be affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection based on currently available multi-omic COVID data, and at least 400 are confirmed targets of autoantibodies in a wide array of autoimmune diseases and cancer. -
1 1 2 Pharmacological Dimerization and Activation of the Exchange
1 2 3 Pharmacological dimerization and activation of the exchange factor eIF2B antagonizes the 4 integrated stress response 5 6 7 *Carmela Sidrauski1,2, *Jordan C. Tsai1,2, Martin Kampmann2,3, Brian R. Hearn4, Punitha 8 Vedantham4, Priyadarshini Jaishankar4 , Masaaki Sokabe5, Aaron S. Mendez1,2, Billy W. 9 Newton6, Edward L. Tang6.7, Erik Verschueren6, Jeffrey R. Johnson6,7, Nevan J. Krogan6,7,, 10 Christopher S. Fraser5, Jonathan S. Weissman2,3, Adam R. Renslo4, and Peter Walter 1,2 11 12 1Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, United 13 States 14 2Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, United States 15 3Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, 16 United States 17 4Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and the Small Molecule Discovery Center, University 18 of California at San Francisco, United States 19 5Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of 20 California, Davis, United States 21 6QB3, California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, San Francisco, 22 United States 23 7Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, United States 24 25 * Both authors contributed equally to this work 26 27 28 Abstract 29 30 The general translation initiation factor eIF2 is a major translational control point. Multiple 31 signaling pathways in the integrated stress response phosphorylate eIF2 serine-51, inhibiting 32 nucleotide exchange by eIF2B. ISRIB, a potent drug-like small molecule, renders cells 33 insensitive to eIF2α phosphorylation and enhances cognitive function in rodents by blocking 34 long-term depression. ISRIB was identified in a phenotypic cell-based screen, and its mechanism 35 of action remained unknown.