DOCSLIB.ORG

Battle of Grunwald Reenactment 2020

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Battle of Grunwald Reenactment 2020 Battle of grunwald reenactment 2020 Continue The Battle of Grunwald was one of the largest battles in the history of Middle Eastern Europe, and it also became one of the most important victories of Poland and Lithuania. Then the battle became a symbol of the war with the invaders and a symbol of national pride. Every year Poland and Lithuania recreate the Battle of Grunwald. This event can be held on any given day from July 11th to 15th. The most common day to recur is July 15. The largest reconstruction ceremony was held in 2010 in Poland, marking the 600th anniversary of the battle. The re-appearance and various events last from July 12 to July 18. Every year people from Poland, Lithuania and other European countries come to see the battle recur. About 4,000 knights gathered in the camp. Guests can also visit local exhibitions of Middle Ages clothing and armor. Page 2 Brunei → July 15 is the King's birthday in Brunei. The holiday commemorates the birth of incumbent King Hassanal Bolkiah, the 29th representative of the ruling dynasty in Brunei. The → Turkey Democracy Day and National Unity Day (Demokrasi ve Milli Birlik Günü) is a public holiday in Turkey celebrated on 15 July. It is the country's latest public holiday, created to commemorate national unity against the 2016 Turkish coup attempt that took place on July 15, 2016. Ukraine→s Day of Ukrainian Peacekeeping Day is a new holiday, founded by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (supreme council) in 2003. It is observed annually on 15 July. Annual commemorations and memorial → Lithuania, Poland Lithuania and Poland observe the Battle of Grunwald Day. This battle took place on 15 July 1410 between the Union of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Prince of Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights of Germany and Prussia. The most → in the United States july 15 is National Cassava Pudding Day. Cassava pudding is a sweet dessert made from cassava flour and milk, cream or coconut milk. The U.→. Hot Dog Day is an official holiday in the United States celebrated every July. It was founded by the National Sausage and Sausage Council. Hot Dog Day celebrates sausages as one of the main items of American cuisine. The UN World Youth Skills Day, which falls annually on July 15, is one of the new UN International Anniversary Days. The UN General Assembly was established on 11 November 2014. The celebration → U.S. Social Media Day is an online holiday held on July 15. It was inaugurated Givver.com, a platform dedicated to fundraising via Twitter, in 2013. Zagreb International Folk Festival in Zagreb, Croatia Grossmann Fantastic Film and Wine Festival in Ljutomer, Slovenia Woody Guthrie Folk Festival in Okemah, USA Bangkok Motor Show in Bangkok, Thailand Buxton International Festival in Buxton, United Kingdom Moldejazz in Molde, Norway Bazaar in Vitebsk in Vitebsk, Belarus Aarhus Jazz Festival in Aarhus, Denmark Bucheon International Fantastic Film Festival in Bucheon, South Korea Highland Renaissance Festival in Eminence, USA Festival d'Avignon in Avignon, France Buxton Festival Fringe in Buxton, United Kingdom Sofia International Film Festival in Sofia, Bulgaria ILA Berlin Air Show in Berlin, Germany ← More Festivals , becoming one of the largest social media platforms in the world. Pakistan's 2002 Anti-Terrorism Tribunal reduced the death penalty for Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh and life terms for three others suspected of killing The Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl, kidnapped and killed in February 2002. 1997 Death: Gianni Versace, Italian fashion designer, founder of Versace fashion house. He was killed outside his Miami Beach home by Andrew Cunanan. 1990 Death: Margaret Lockwood, British actress and singer, is best known for her performances in 1940s Gainsborough romance films such as The Man in Grey, Love Story and The Wicked Lady. 1983 Armenian terrorist organization ASALA launched a bombing attack on a Turkish Airlines check-in counter at Orly airport in Paris, France. Eight people were killed and 55 injured in the blast. Born in 1976: Diane Kruger, a German-American actress and model, is best known for her roles as Helen in Troy, Dr. Abigail Chase in National Treasure and Bridget von Hammersmark in Inglourious Basterds. 1975 An Apollo spacecraft and a Soyuz spacecraft were launched on the first joint flight between the Soviet Union and the United States. Nationalists funded by the Greek Government in 1974 launched a riot in Nicosa, Cyprus, deposed President Makarios and appointed Nikos Sampson president of Cyprus. 1967 Born: Adam Savage, American actor and special effects designer, is known as one of the two co-hosts of the Discovery Channel series MythBusters and Unchained Reaction. The 1955 Mainau Declaration against Nuclear Weapons was signed by 18 Nobel Laureates. Then the statement was co-signed by 34 other winners. Born 1946: Linda Ronstadt, American singer-songwriter, producer and actress. She has won 11 Grammy Awards, 3 American Music Awards, 2 Country Music Oscars, 1 Emmy Award and 1 ALMA Award. She also won Tony and Golden Globe Awards for her achievements in the film industry. 1940 Loss: Robert Wadlow, the American giant, is known as the Alton Giant and the Giant of Illinois. He was the t senior in recorded history. He is 8 ft 11.1 in (2.72 m) tall and weighs 439 lb (199 kg). He continued to grow even at the time of his death. 1939 Death: Eugen Bleuler, Swiss psychiatrist and euscimist, notable for her contributions to understanding Mental. He laid out the terms systzophrenia, autism, schizoids and ambivalence. Born 1926: Leopoldo Galtieri, Argentine general and politician, 44th President of Argentina. You're the last one. dictatorship, deposed shortly after he took office. His presidency lasted from 22 December 1981 to 18 June 1982. Born in 1922: Leon M. Lederman, American physicalist and mathematicist who won the Nobel Prize for his contributions to the study of neutrinos, related to the neutrino beam method and the double structure of leptons through the discovery of muon neutrinos. Born in 1921: Robert Bruce Merrifield, American biosyntor and academic who won the Nobel Prize for the invention of solid-phase peptide synthesizers. 1919 Death: Hermann Emil Fischer, German chemistry and scholar, Nobel Laureate for his work on sugar and purine synthesizers. Born 1918: Bertram Brockhouse, Canadian physicalist and scholar, Nobel Laureate. He received an award for his contributions to the development of the neutron spectrum. 1916 William Boeing and George Conrad Westervelt united Pacific Aero Products, later named Boeing. Today, Boeing Is one of the largest aircraft manufacturers globally. 1910 Emil Kraepelin named Alzheimer's disease in his book Clinical Psychiatrists. He named the disease after his colleague Alois Alzheimer, who contracted the disease. 1904 Death: Anton Chekhov, Russian doctor and author, is considered one of the greatest writers of short stories in history. His most famous works The Seagull, The Cherry Orchard, Three Sisters and Uncle Vanya are staged worldwide. 1890 Death: Gottfried Keller, Swiss author, poet and playwright, is best remembered for his novel Green Henry. He was one of the most popular story teller of literary realism in the late 19th century. About 500 people were killed in the 1888 Bandai Volcano eruption in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. 1868 Death: William T. G. Morton, American dentist. Morton became the first to use inhaled ether as a surgical anesthetic. Anesthesia after discovering it has become an obsession for the rest of his life. Born 1867: Jean-Baptiste Charcot, French doctor and explorer. He headed the French Antarctic expedition in 1903, which lasted almost two years. During that time, he explored and described about 1,000 km of sea. Born 1848: Vilfredo Pareto, Italian economist and sociologist, is known for a number of important contributions to economics, especially in income distribution research and analysis of individual choices. 1834 The Spanish Ins heresy court officially disintegrated after nearly 356 years of existence. During this time inquisition handled about 150,000 trials, only 2% were charged with the death penalty (which makes between 3,000-5,000 executed). 1765 Death: Charles-André van Loo, French painter, most famous member of the reign of dutch-born painters. type, portrait, historical painting, religion. One of his most famous paintings is The Marriage of the Virgin, presented at the Louvre Museum. 1609 Death: Died: Carracci, a Baroque-era Italian painter. Carracci's paintings were inspired by adult Renaissance artists such as Raphael, Michelangelo, Correggio, Titian and Veronese and today he is credited with laid the foundations for the birth of the Baroque painting. 1606 Born: Rembrandt, a Dutch painter and etcher painter, is considered one of the greatest painters and printers in Dutch history. Battle of GrunwaldPart of the Polish-Lithuanian-Teutonic War by Grunwald by Jan Matejko (1878)July 15, 1410 (1410-07-15)Location Between the villages of Grunwald (Grünfelde) and Stębark (Tannenberg), west of Masuria, Poland Coordination: 53° 29′10N 20° 07′29E / 53.48611 °N 20.12472°E/53.48611; 20.12472Result Decision Poland-Lithuania victoryBelligerents KingdomPoland Lesser Poland Kraków Sandomierz Łęczyca Lublin Greater Poland Poznań Kalisz Brześć Kujawski and Inowrocław Sieradz Wieluń Land Dobrzyń Ruthenian land Lwów Land Chełm Land Halych Land Przemyśl Land Podolia Grand Duchyof Lithuania Regions and towns: Trakai Vilnius Grodno Kaunas Lida Medininkai Smolensk-Orsha Smolensk-Mstsislaw Polotsk Vitebsk Kiev
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Archaeology of the Prussian Crusade
    Downloaded by [University of Wisconsin - Madison] at 05:00 18 January 2017 THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE PRUSSIAN CRUSADE The Archaeology of the Prussian Crusade explores the archaeology and material culture of the Crusade against the Prussian tribes in the thirteenth century, and the subsequent society created by the Teutonic Order that lasted into the six- teenth century. It provides the first synthesis of the material culture of a unique crusading society created in the south-eastern Baltic region over the course of the thirteenth century. It encompasses the full range of archaeological data, from standing buildings through to artefacts and ecofacts, integrated with writ- ten and artistic sources. The work is sub-divided into broadly chronological themes, beginning with a historical outline, exploring the settlements, castles, towns and landscapes of the Teutonic Order’s theocratic state and concluding with the role of the reconstructed and ruined monuments of medieval Prussia in the modern world in the context of modern Polish culture. This is the first work on the archaeology of medieval Prussia in any lan- guage, and is intended as a comprehensive introduction to a period and area of growing interest. This book represents an important contribution to promot- ing international awareness of the cultural heritage of the Baltic region, which has been rapidly increasing over the last few decades. Aleksander Pluskowski is a lecturer in Medieval Archaeology at the University of Reading. Downloaded by [University of Wisconsin - Madison] at 05:00
    [Show full text]
  • Material Culture and Daily Life in the New City of Prague, 1547-1611
    MATERIAL CULTURE AND DAILY LIFE IN THE NEW CITY OF PRAGUE IN THE AGE OF RUDOLF II MEDIUM AEVUM QUOTIDIANUM HERAUSGEGEBEN VON GERHARD JARITZ SONDERBAND VI James R. Palmitessa MATERIAL CULTURE & DAILY LIFE IN THE NEW CITY OF PRAGUE IN THE AGE OF RUDOLF II KREMS 1997 GEDRUCKT MIT UNTERSTÜTZUNG DER KULTURABTEILUNG DES AMTES DER NIEDERÖSTERREICHISCHEN LANDESREGIERUNG Cover illustration: Detail of the New City of Prague from the Sadeler engraving of 1606. The nine-part copper etching measuring 47.6 x 314 cm. is one of the largest of any city in its day. It was a cooperative project of a three-person team belonging to the !arge and sophisticated group of artists at the court of Emperor Rudolf II in Prague. Aegidius Sadeler, the imperial engraver, commissioned the project and printed the copper-etching which was executed by Johannes Wechter after drawings by Philip van den Bosche. In the center of the illustration are the ruins of the Church and Cloister of Mary of the Snow (item no. 84). The broad thoroughfare Na pfikope (•im Graben�), item no. 83, separates the Old City (to the left) from the New City (to the right). To the right of the Church and Cloister of Mary of the Snow is the long Horse Market (today Wenceslaus Square), item no. 88. The New City parish church Sv. Jind.ficha (St. Henry) can be located just above the church and cloister (item no. 87). -ISBN 3-901094 09 1 Herausgeber: Medium Aevum Quotidianum. Gesellschaft zur Erforschung der materiellen Kultur des Mittelalters. Körnermarkt 13, A-3500 Krems, Österreich.
    [Show full text]
  • Act Like a Local See Eat Practical Info Drink Relax Shop
    HAVE YOU EVER BAR OUT OF TIME 14 BEEN A HIPPIE? 21AND SPACE Jakubská 562 Komenského nám. 39/19 Have you ever gone through a hippie phase in your life? Blues Having a hard time coming up with an idea of how to describe café will definitely take you back there. An endless stock of this place, we assume No Name is really an appropriate name rock’n’roll and bluesy LP’s, your favourite 60s heroes on the for this bar. Anyway, it’s a local favorite for its friendly person- walls and a long haired barkeeper who is a relentless critic of nel, cheap drinks and table football. current politics and society. If you’re lucky you’ll meet local Sun–Thu 18–23, Fri–Sat 18–03 jazz musicians jamming there. If not, at least you can have a quiche, a baguette or a bowl of hot soup while listening to LOCAL CLASSIC WITH STEAM some John Mayall. 22PUNK VIBES Mon 10–19, Tue–Thu 9–19, Fri–Sat 10–22, Sun 11:30–18 Havlíčkovo nám. 552 Whenever we go to the Pod schodama pub, we’ll find some of our friends playing table football or singing along to the DRINK jukebox. Usually open till late night hours, this rusty dive bar is a stronghold for Kutná Hora’s youth, a witness to all the A MEDITATIVE REFUGE FOR important plot twists in our lives. Mon–Sun 18–03 15FANTASY LOVERS Havlíčkovo nám. 84 This shisha scented tea room is a meditative refuge for fanta- RELAX sy lovers.
    [Show full text]
  • Middle School Bee Final Round Regulation Questions
    IHBB European Championships Bee 2018-2019 Bee Final Round Middle School Bee Final Round Regulation Questions (1) One man who held this position was killed in the 10.26 incident by the director of the KCIA. That man’s daughter later became the first woman to hold this position until she was impeached in 2016. The first man to hold this position led his country through a conflict with a northern neighbor and was named Syngman Rhee. Park Chung Hee and Park Geun-Hye held, for the point, what position whose holders live in the Blue House in Seoul? ANSWER: President of South Korea (Accept President of the Republic of Korea, accept Daehan Minguk Daetongnyeong) (2) The state of Krajina [kry-ee-nah] failed to break away from this country, which secured its independence after winning the Battle of Drvar in Operation Storm. Franjo Tudman led this country to victory against Slobodan Milosevic’s forces, then pushed into Bosnia in 1995. For the point, name this country that gained its independence after the breakup of Yugoslavia and established its capital at Zagreb. ANSWER: Croatia (3) After the battle, the loser was given an alcoholic drink as a symbol that he would be spared, which he misinterpreted by passing the glass to his ally, Reynald of Chatillon. Five months after this battle, Baldwin IV routed the winner of this battle at Montgisard. This battle, which was named for an extinct volcano that had two peaks, allowed its winner to recapture Jerusalem later that year. For the point, name this 1187 battle where Saladin crushed the crusaders.
    [Show full text]
  • Polish Battles and Campaigns in 13Th–19Th Centuries
    POLISH BATTLES AND CAMPAIGNS IN 13TH–19TH CENTURIES WOJSKOWE CENTRUM EDUKACJI OBYWATELSKIEJ IM. PŁK. DYPL. MARIANA PORWITA 2016 POLISH BATTLES AND CAMPAIGNS IN 13TH–19TH CENTURIES WOJSKOWE CENTRUM EDUKACJI OBYWATELSKIEJ IM. PŁK. DYPL. MARIANA PORWITA 2016 Scientific editors: Ph. D. Grzegorz Jasiński, Prof. Wojciech Włodarkiewicz Reviewers: Ph. D. hab. Marek Dutkiewicz, Ph. D. hab. Halina Łach Scientific Council: Prof. Piotr Matusak – chairman Prof. Tadeusz Panecki – vice-chairman Prof. Adam Dobroński Ph. D. Janusz Gmitruk Prof. Danuta Kisielewicz Prof. Antoni Komorowski Col. Prof. Dariusz S. Kozerawski Prof. Mirosław Nagielski Prof. Zbigniew Pilarczyk Ph. D. hab. Dariusz Radziwiłłowicz Prof. Waldemar Rezmer Ph. D. hab. Aleksandra Skrabacz Prof. Wojciech Włodarkiewicz Prof. Lech Wyszczelski Sketch maps: Jan Rutkowski Design and layout: Janusz Świnarski Front cover: Battle against Theutonic Knights, XVI century drawing from Marcin Bielski’s Kronika Polski Translation: Summalinguæ © Copyright by Wojskowe Centrum Edukacji Obywatelskiej im. płk. dypl. Mariana Porwita, 2016 © Copyright by Stowarzyszenie Historyków Wojskowości, 2016 ISBN 978-83-65409-12-6 Publisher: Wojskowe Centrum Edukacji Obywatelskiej im. płk. dypl. Mariana Porwita Stowarzyszenie Historyków Wojskowości Contents 7 Introduction Karol Olejnik 9 The Mongol Invasion of Poland in 1241 and the battle of Legnica Karol Olejnik 17 ‘The Great War’ of 1409–1410 and the Battle of Grunwald Zbigniew Grabowski 29 The Battle of Ukmergė, the 1st of September 1435 Marek Plewczyński 41 The
    [Show full text]
  • 2019 IHBB Asian Championships
    IHBB Asian Championships Bee 2018-2019 Bee Semifinal Round Bee Semifinal Round – Middle School Regulation Questions (1) One man who held this position was killed in the 10.26 incident by the director of the KCIA. That man’s daughter later became the first woman to hold this position until she was impeached in 2016. One man who gained this position in a coup carried out the Gwangju massacre and was named Chun Doo-Hwan. The first man to hold this position led his country through a conflict with a northern neighbor and was named Syngman Rhee. Park Chung Hee and Park Geun-Hye held, for the point, what position whose holders live in the Blue House in Seoul? ANSWER: President of South Korea (Accept President of the Republic of Korea, accept Daehan Minguk Daetongnyeong) (2) This country’s tourism industry was damaged when war criminal Milan Martic [mar-tich] set up a series of road blockades in the Log Revolution. The state of Krajina [kry-ee-nah] failed to break away from this country, which secured its independence after winning the Battle of Drvar in Operation Storm. Franjo Tudman led this country to victory against Slobodan Milosevic’s forces, then pushed into Bosnia in 1995. For the point, name this country that gained its independence after the breakup of Yugoslavia and established its capital at Zagreb. ANSWER: Croatia (3) This battle took place near the Springs of Turan. After the battle, the loser was given an alcoholic drink as a symbol that he would be spared, which he misinterpreted by passing the glass to his ally, Reynald of Chatillon.
    [Show full text]
  • Country Report on Lithuania
    Country Report on Lithuania A country report on Lithuania’s position in the EU UNIVERSITEIT VAN AMSTERDAM CoRe Studies VI EUROPEAN POLICY STUDIES Country Report on Lithuania A country report on Lithuania’s position in the EU Country Report Series (CORE‐series) European Policy Studies Universiteit van Amsterdam June 2013 ©Caroline Duits, Elva Goedegebuur, Bodo von Haumeder, Tomas Hos, Shaho Jabbari, Raoul Köhler, Nathalie Koopman, Rosalinde Kranenburg, Veerle Vastwijk, Sjoerd Verest and Arkasha Verschuren. Alle rechten voorbehouden. Niets uit deze uitgave mag worden verveelvoudigd, opgeslagen in een geautomatiseerd gegevensbestand of openbaar gemaakt, in enige vorm of op enige wijze, hetzij electronisch, mechanisch door fotokopieën, opnamen of enige andere manier, zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de auteurs. Voor zover het maken van kopieën uit deze uitgave is toegestaan op grond van artikel 16B Auteurswet 1912 jO, het besluit van juni 1974, Stb. 351, zoals gewijzigd bij het Besluit van 23 augustus, Stb. 471 en artikel 17 Auteurswet 1912, dient men de daarvoor wettelijke verschuldigde vergoedingen te voldoen aan de Stichting Reprorecht (Postbus 882, 1180 Amstelveen). Voor het overnemen van gedeelte(n) uit deze uitgave in bloemlezingen, readers en andere compilatiewerken (artikel 16 Auteurswet 1912) dient men zich tot de uitgever te wenden. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system of any nature, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, now known of hereafter invented, including photocopying or recording, without prior written permission of the authors. ISBN 978‐90‐807611‐8‐6 Table of contents Table of contents ......................................................................................................................................... i List of abbreviations ...................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Pecunia Omnes Vincit
    PECUNIA OMNES VINCIT Pecunia Omnes Vincit COIN AS A MEDIUM OF EXCHANGE THROUGHOUT CENTURIES ConfErEnCE ProceedingS OF THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL numiSmatiC ConfErEnCE KraKow, 20-21 may 2016 Edited by Barbara Zając, Paulina Koczwara, Szymon Jellonek Krakow 2018 Editors Barbara Zając Paulina Koczwara Szymon Jellonek Scientific mentoring Dr hab. Jarosław Bodzek Reviewers Prof. Dr hab. Katarzyna Balbuza Dr hab. Jarosław Bodzek Dr Arkadiusz Dymowski Dr Kamil Kopij Dr Piotr Jaworski Dr Dariusz Niemiec Dr Krzysztof Jarzęcki Proofreading Editing Perfection DTP GroupMedia Project of cover design Adrian Gajda, photo a flan mould from archive Paphos Agora Project (www.paphos-agora.archeo.uj.edu.pl/); Bodzek J. New finds of moulds for cast- ing coin flans at the Paphos agora. In. M. Caccamo Caltabiano et al. (eds.), XV Inter- national Numismatic Congress Taormina 2015. Proceedings. Taormina 2017: 463-466. © Copyright by Adrian Gajda and Editors; photo Paphos Agora Project Funding by Financial support of the Foundation of the Students of the Jagiellonian University „BRATNIAK” © Copyright by Institute of Archaeology, Jagiellonian University Krakow 2018 ISBN: 978-83-939189-7-3 Address Institute of Archaeology, Jagiellonian University 11 Gołębia Street 31-007 Krakow Contents Introduction /7 Paulina Koczwara Imitations of Massalian bronzes and circulation of small change in Pompeii /9 Antonino Crisà Reconsidering the Calvatone Hoard 1942: A numismatic case study of the Roman vicus of Bedriacum (Cremona, Italy) /18 Michał Gębczyński Propaganda of the animal depictions on Lydian and Greek coins /32 Szymon Jellonek The foundation scene on Roman colonial coins /60 Barbara Zając Who, why, and when? Pseudo-autonomous coins of Bithynia and Pontus dated to the beginning of the second century AD /75 Justyna Rosowska Real property transactions among citizens of Krakow in the fourteenth century: Some preliminary issues /92 Introduction We would like to present six articles by young researchers from Poland and Great Britain concerning particular aspects of numismatics.
    [Show full text]
  • Studia Historyczne 1(221) 2013.Indd
    STUDIA HISTORYCZNE R. LVI, 2013, Z. 1 (221) PL ISSN 0025-1429 ARTYKUŁY I ROZPRAWY Marcin Starzyński CIVITAS NOSTRA CRACOVIENSIS. A SKETCH OF THE TOWN POLITICS OF KAZIMIERZ WIELKI (PART II) Abstract The article sums up our knowledge about the attitude of king Kazimierz Wielki towards the city of Krakow, as the biggest and most important municipal center in the Kingdom of Poland. Słowa kluczowe: Kazimierz Wielki, Kraków, mieszczaństwo. Key Words: Kazimierz Wielki (Casimir the Great), Krakow, burghers. The fi rst information about elections to the Kraków city council carried out during the reign of Kazimierz Wielki dates from 1343.1 Obviously, it does not mention that elections to this body had not taken place since 1330,2 the last time the names of people named to the council were listed in the city records. However, surviving sources allow for the reconstruction, albeit fragmentary, of the makeup of the council from before 1343.3 One of the restrictions levied against Kraków by Władysław Łokietek following the suppression of vogt Albert’s rebellion was the effective changing of the earlier procedures of choosing new councillors, who presumably had been 1 Liber actorum, resignationum nec non ordinationum civitatis Cracoviae 1300–1375, ed. F. Piekosiński, [in:] Najstarsze księgi rachunki miasta Krakowa od r. 1300 do 1400, pt. 1, eds. F. Piekosiński, J. Szujski, Kraków 1878 (henceforth: NajstKs.), p. 167. 2 Ibidem, p. 103. 3 M. Starzyń s k i, Krakowska rada miejska w średniowieczu, “Maiestas – Potestas – Com- munitas”, 3, Kraków 2010, pp. 227–229. 4 appointed each year by the outgoing councillors until 1312.4 It is also not out of the question that this action was undertaken in consultation with the hereditary vogt.
    [Show full text]
  • Paul Srodecki, Antemurale Christianitatis
    LITHUANIAN HISTORICAL STUDIES 22 2018 ISSN 1392-2343 PP. 170–173 Paul Srodecki, Antemurale Christianitatis: Zur Genese der Bollwerksrheto- rik im östlichen Mitteleuropa an der Schwelle vom Mittelalter zur Frühen Neuzeit (Ser.: Historische Studien, Bd. 508), Husum: Matthiesen Verlag. 2015. 532 p. ISBN 978-3-7868-1508-2 This monograph represents the first comprehensive treatment of the Bul- wark of Christendom rhetorical device used so extensively during the Middle Ages and Early Modern times in order to face down the ‘other’ for the sake of your own raison d’être. So far, this phenomenon has been known largely from its individual incarnations from country to country, while its transnational ghost was hovering in the air waiting for someone to pin it down. Paul Srodecki has done this. Starting as a doctoral thesis, it grew to become a detailed and thoroughly documented study that offers a panoramic view of East Central Europe through the lens of the Bulwark ideology. The phenomenon spread across Europe, but it was especially prominent in countries of Medieval and Early Modern Christendom that bordered on other cultural areas, either Muslim or Greek Orthodox lands (pp. 14–15). Along with the Iberian Peninsula, Austria, Venice and Croatia, three other Catholic polities stand out: the Teutonic Ordensstaat in Prussia and Livonia, Poland, and Hungary, and they have won the most attention from the author. A special point of interest is presented by the Romanian principalities of Walachia and Moldavia that from the 14th century onwards found themselves placed precariously between their Catholic neighbours (Hungary and Poland) and the Ottomans.
    [Show full text]
  • VILNIUS UNIVERSITY Tomas Čelkis
    VILNIUS UNIVERSITY Tomas Čelkis GOVERNANCE AND TERRITORIAL EXPANSION: THE TERRITORIALISATION PROCESS OF THE GRAND DUCHY OF LITHUANIA FROM THE 14 TH TO THE 16 TH CENTURY Summary of Doctoral Dissertation Humanitarian Sciences, History (05 H) Vilnius, 2011 The doctoral dissertation was prepared at Vilnius University during 2007–2011. Scientific Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Rimvydas Petrauskas (Vilnius University, Humanitarian Sciences, History – 05 H) Counsellor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Artūras Dubonis (Lithuanian Institute of History, Humanitarian Sciences, History – 05 H) The dissertation is being defended at the Council of Scientific Field of History at Vilnius University: Chairman: Prof. Dr. Irena Valikonytė (Vilnius University, Humanitarian Sciences, History – 05 H) Members: Dr. Darius Baronas (Lithuanian Institute of History, Humanitarian Sciences, History – 05 H) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Artūras Dubonis (Lithuanian Institute of History, Humanitarian Sciences, History – 05 H) Prof. Habil. Dr. Zenonas Norkus (Vilnius University, Social Sciences, Sociology – 05 S) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ramunė Ńmigelskytė–Stukienė (Lithuanian Institute of History, Humanitarian Sciences, History – 05 H) Opponents: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Eugenijus Savińčevas (Vilnius University, Humanitarian Sciences, History – 05 H) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rita-Regina Trimonienė (Ńiauliai University, Humanitarian Sciences, History – 05 H) The dissertation will be defended at the public meeting of the Council of Scientific Field of History in the 211 auditorium of the Faculty of History of Vilnius University at 3 p. st m. on the 21 of December, 2011. Address: Universiteto st. 7, LT – 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania. The summary of the doctoral dissertation was circulated on the 21st of November, 2011. The doctoral dissertation is available at the Vilnius University Library. 2 VILNIAUS UNIVERSITETAS Tomas Čelkis VALDŢIA IR ERDVĖ: LIETUVOS DIDŢIOSIOS KUNIGAIKŠTYSTĖS TERITORIALIZACIJOS PROCESAS XIV–XVI A.
    [Show full text]
  • Sigismund of Luxembourg's Pledgings in Hungary
    DOI: 10.14754/CEU.2018.10 Doctoral Dissertation “Our Lord the King Looks for Money in Every Corner” Sigismund of Luxembourg’s Pledgings in Hungary By: János Incze Supervisor(s): Katalin Szende, Balázs Nagy Submitted to the Medieval Studies Department, and the Doctoral School of History Central European University, Budapest in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Medieval Studies, and for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History CEU eTD Collection Budapest, Hungary 2018 DOI: 10.14754/CEU.2018.10 Table of Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 3 Chapter 1. Pledging and Borrowing in Late Medieval Monarchies: an Overview ......................... 9 Western Europe ......................................................................................................................... 11 Central Europe and Scandinavia ............................................................................................... 16 Chapter 2. The Price of Ascending to the Throne ........................................................................ 26 Preceding events ....................................................................................................................... 26 The Váh-Danube interfluve under Moravian rule .................................................................... 29 Regaining the territory .............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]