DOCSLIB.ORG

31295008585498.Pdf (3.357Mb)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
31295008585498.Pdf (3.357Mb) REPRODUCTIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY OF CHELINIDEA VITTIGER t'HLER (HEMIPTERA: COHEIDAE) by STANLEY CLAY CARROLL, B.S. A THESIS IN ENTOMOLOGY Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Tech University in Partial Fulfillment of the Reauirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Approved Aecerted p, . ' . ... !ri ..... -, ;. ~ ••• ~ •, ,r ..... : • 1... , , • .. ,.-~;.~: t' \. _.. ,, ,! I •' ••' I J 1" I ;,,, t!J I i , I ' AC~~OWLEDG1'IENTS Special appreciation is extended to Dr. James K. Wangberg for his encouragement, direction, and guidance as the chai~~an of my committee. Dr. Darryl P. Sanders and Dr. Joe R. Goodin are also extended my appreciation for the suggestio~s and constructive criticism during the development and completion of my graduate studies. Sincere thanks also go out to Dr. David E. Foster, former Texas Tech professor, for his guidance at the initiation of this study. My wife, Cheryl, is also thanked for her patience and assis- tance in preparing my thesis. This study was conducted through the facilities and financial resources provided by Texas Tech University. To this institution I am indebted. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACK1~0WLEDG11ENTS ......................................... i i LIST OF TABLES .......................................... i v LIST 0 F FIGURES . v LIST OF APPENDICES ...................................... vi I . INTRODUCTION. 1 Review of Lit era ture. 5 I I . METHODS AND \lATER I ALS .......................... 16 Laboratory Colonization of Chelinidea vittiger .......................... 16 Rearing Techniques for Data Collection ................................... 18 III. RESULTS ru~D INTERPRETATIONS .................... 26 Temperature Effects on Nymphal Development . ................................. 26 Staggered Nymphal Development ................ 32 P reov1pos. 1•t• 1on. 3°...; Reproduction Potential ....................... 36 Adult Longevity .............................. 44 IV. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ........................ 45 LITERATURE CITED ........................................ 48 .APPEi\TD I CE S . 50 iii LIST OF TABLES 1. Duration (Days) of the various life stages of Chelinidea vittiger as reported by previous researchers ............................. 13 2. Percentage of Chelinidea vittiger nymphs dying in each life stage whe~ reared at six constant temperatures (Based upon the most advanced stage reached by each nymph). Lubbock, Texas, 1978-79: ......................... 27 3. Relative humidity ranges recorded for the six temperature treatmen~s. The ranges are based on the lowest and highest relative humidity readings and also the most common range observed. Lubbock, Texas} 1978-79 ......... 28 4. Developmental time requirements for those 1st instar Chelinide~ vittlger nyTiphs reaching the adult stage when reared at three constan~ temperatures. Lubbock, Texa.s, 1978-79 ................................... 31 5. Preoviposition requirements for Chelinidea vittiger when reared at three constan~ temperat1rres. Lubbock, Texas, 1978-79 ........... 34 iv LIST OF FIGURES 1. Life stages of Chelinidea vittiger (left to right: adult, third instar nymph, eggs) ............. 2 2. Heavy infestation of Opuntia in the Rolling Plains of Texas. 2 3. Chlorotic lesions; the initial symptom caused by the feeding activity of Chelinidea vittiger ...... 10 ~- Vinyl plastic cage and enclosed prickly pear cactus plant utilized in rearing Chelinidea vittiger ............................................ 19 o. Mean number of eggs produced per week by the ovipositing Chelinidea vittiger females caged at three constant temperatures for the initial fourteen weeks of the adult stage. Weekly means based on the number of ovipositing females living at each inspection. Lubbock, Texas, 1978-79 . ..................................... 39 6. Mean number of eggs produced per week by Chelinidea vittiger females (both ovipositing and non-ovipositing) caged at three constant temperatures for the initial fourteen weeks of the adult stage. Weekly means based on the total number of females living at each inspection. Lubbock, Texas, 1978-~9 ............................. 40 7. Cumulative mean number of eggs produced by the ovipositing Chelinidea vittiger females caged at three constant temperatures for the initial fourteen weeks of the adult stage (after Lublinkhof 1976). Lubbock, Texas, 1978-79 .......... 42 8. Cumulative mean number of eggs produced by Chelinidea vittiger females (both ovipositing and non-ovipositing) caged at three constant temperatures for the initial fourteen weeks of the adult stage (after Lublinkhof 1976). Lubbock, Texas, 1978-79 ............................. 43 v LIST OF APPENDICES A. Developmental data for the nymphs of Chelinidea vittiger reared at six constant temperatures. Lubbock, Texas, 1978-79 ............................. 51 B. Chi-Square analysis of the Chelinidea vittiger nymphs reaching the adult stage when reared at six constant temperatures. Lubbock, Texas, 1978-79 ............................................ 57 c. Analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range test for the time Chelinidea vittiger nymphs require to reach the adult stage when reared at three constant temperatures. Lubbock, Texas, 1978-79 ...................................... 58 D. Nymphal development of Chelinidea vittiger nymphs reared under similar environmental conditions. The nymphs originated from seven pairs of adults producing eggs at 31°C. Lubbock, Texas, 1979 ................................ 59 E. Analysis of variance for the immature develop­ ment of Chelinidea vittiger. Analysis is based upon the egg incubation and nymphal development periods combined for 24 nymphs originating from four pairs of adults. Lubbock, Texas, 1979 ......... 62 F. Analysis of variance for the comparison of the i~~ature development of the males versus females of Chelinidea vittiger. Analysis is based upon the combined egg incubation and nymphal development periods for eight females and thirteen males reared under similar environ- mental conditions. Lubbock, Texas, 1979 ............ 63 G. Analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range test for the preoviposition time require­ ments of Chelinidea vittiger females producing eggs when reared at three constant temperatures. Lubbock, Texas, 1978-79 ............................. 64 H. Reproductive behavioral responses of ~_e_l_i_n_l_·d__ e_a vittiger females reared at six constant temp- eratures. Lubbock, Texas, 1978-79 .................. 65 vi Appendix J. Chi-Square analysis for egg production of Chelinidea vittiger females reared at six constant temperatures. Lubbock, Texas, 1978-79 ............................................ -71 J. Analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range test for the reproductive potential of Chelinidea vittiger females producing eggs when reared at three constant temperatures. Analysis is based upon the mean number of eggs produced per week over the lifetime of each female but excluding the preoviposition period. Lubbock, Texas, 1978-79 .................... 72 K. Egg production in the initial 14 weeks of the adult stage for Chelinidea vittiger females reared at six constant temperatures. Lubbock, Texas, 1978-79 ...................................... 7 ~ L. Longevity of the adult stage in Chelinidea vittiger females and males when reared at six constant temperatures. Lubbock, Texas, 1978-79 ............................................. 78 vii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Chelinidea vittiger Uhler, one of four species collec­ tively known as the cactus bugs, is documented as one of the most important of the native enemies of prickly pear (Fig­ ure 1). Hunter et al. (1912) concluded in their study of the insects affecting cactus that the cactus bugs are by far the most important native enemy of prickly pear cactus (Opuntia spp.) found in the United States. This decision was based upon the prolific breeding and the wide distribu­ tion of C. vittiger in the United States. This cactus bug attacks most, if not all, species of prickly pear cactus within tts range of distribution (Mann 1969). It is reported to be found in essentially all regions of the prickly pear distribution, extending from the Atlantic coast across to the Pacific coast and into northern ~exico (Dodd 1940, Mann 1969). Prickly pear infests millions of acres of rangeland often unchecked by other less competitive range plant species (Figure 2). Although many control methods have been inves­ tigated for prickly pear cactus, biological control is often the only feasible approach. Prickly pear species often 1 2 .Figure 1. Life stages of Chelinidea vittiger (left to right; adult, third instar nymph, eggs). Figure 2. He.:-avy infestation of _9pu~t . \i~~ ~r~ the Rolli.ng n-- .· · · f ,.., ..: .L~.J.l1!-> o. _ exas. 3 invade relatively inferior land, and the low-value-per-acre of the rangeland prohibits the use of other control methods. Due to the permanent nature of the control, biological control programs utilizing insect species have already proved successful in suppressing prickly pear infestations at a relatively low cost. In recent months there has been a renewed interest i~ a possible biological control program against prickly pear in the southern areas of the United States. Since Opuntia species serve some regions as a valuable forage for livestock in periods of drought and also as a source of human food, the cactus is not considered to be a pest in some areas. If a conflict of interest exists, it might be necessary to uti­ lize indigenous arthropod species instead of inGroducing exotic species. Understanding
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) in Florida
    Mississippi State University Scholars Junction Theses and Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 1-1-2009 The Ecology of Cactoblastis Cactorum (Berg) (Lepidoptera:pyralidae) in Florida Kristen Erica Sauby Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/td Recommended Citation Sauby, Kristen Erica, "The Ecology of Cactoblastis Cactorum (Berg) (Lepidoptera:pyralidae) in Florida" (2009). Theses and Dissertations. 4323. https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/td/4323 This Graduate Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Scholars Junction. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholars Junction. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE ECOLOGY OF CACTOBLASTIS CACTORUM (BERG) (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) IN FLORIDA By Kristen Erica Sauby A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Mississippi State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biological Sciences in the Department of Biological Sciences Mississippi State, Mississippi August 2009 Copyright by Kristen Erica Sauby 2009 THE ECOLOGY OF CACTOBLASTIS CACTORUM (BERG) (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) IN FLORIDA By Kristen Erica Sauby Approved: Christopher P. Brooks Richard L. Brown Assistant Professor of Biological Sciences Professor of Entomology (Director of Thesis) (Committee Member) Gary N. Ervin Gary N. Ervin Associate Professor of Biological Sciences Graduate Coordinator of the
    [Show full text]
  • Two Coreidae (Hemiptera), Chelinidea Vittiger and Anasa Armigera, New for Arkansas, U.S.A. Stephen W
    Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science Volume 62 Article 23 2008 Two Coreidae (Hemiptera), Chelinidea vittiger and Anasa armigera, New for Arkansas, U.S.A. Stephen W. Chordas III The Ohio State University, [email protected] Peter W. Kovarik Columbus State Community College Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Chordas, Stephen W. III and Kovarik, Peter W. (2008) "Two Coreidae (Hemiptera), Chelinidea vittiger and Anasa armigera, New for Arkansas, U.S.A.," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 62 , Article 23. Available at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol62/iss1/23 This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This General Note is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 62 [2008], Art. 23 Two Coreidae (Hemiptera), Chelinidea vittiger and Anasa armigera, New for Arkansas, U.S.A. S. Chordas III1 and P. Kovarik2 1Center for Life Sciences Education, The Ohio State University, 260 Jennings Hall, 1735 Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210 2 Columbus State Community College 239 Crestview Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202 1Correspondence: [email protected] Most leaf-footed bugs (Hemiptera: Coreidae) Herring (1980) and Froeschner (1988) in not occurring north of Mexico are essentially generalist recognizing subspecies of Chelinidea vittiger (which phytophagous insects feeding on tender shoots or were almost solely based on color variations).
    [Show full text]
  • Squash Bugs of South Dakota Burruss Mcdaniel South Dakota State University
    South Dakota State University Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletins SDSU Agricultural Experiment Station 1989 Squash Bugs of South Dakota Burruss McDaniel South Dakota State University Follow this and additional works at: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/agexperimentsta_tb Part of the Entomology Commons, and the Plant Sciences Commons Recommended Citation McDaniel, Burruss, "Squash Bugs of South Dakota" (1989). Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletins. 12. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/agexperimentsta_tb/12 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the SDSU Agricultural Experiment Station at Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletins by an authorized administrator of Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. T B 92 quash Agricultural Experiment Station South Dakota State University U.S. Department of Agriculture T B 92 of South Dakota Burruss McDaniel Professor, Plant Science Department South Dakota State University COREi DAE (HEMIPTERA: HETEROPTERA) Agriopocorinae (this latter extrazimital) . Baranowski and Slater ( 1986), in their Coreidae of Florida, listed The family Coreidae is best known because of the 120 species dispersed among 18 genera, 9 tribes and 3 destructive habit of the squash bug, Anasa tristis, on subfamilies. squash, pumpkin, cucumber, and other members of the cucurbit family in the United States. The family, The material examined in this work is deposited in represented by various species, is found throughout the the SDSU H.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Interaction of Diffuse Competition and Insect Herbivory in Limiting Brittle Prickly Pear Cactus, Opuntia Fragilis (Cactaceae)
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Svata M. Louda Publications Papers in the Biological Sciences 1995 Interaction of Diffuse Competition and Insect Herbivory in Limiting Brittle Prickly Pear Cactus, Opuntia fragilis (Cactaceae) Jutta C. Burger University of Nebraska - Lincoln Svata M. Louda University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscilouda Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons Burger, Jutta C. and Louda, Svata M., "Interaction of Diffuse Competition and Insect Herbivory in Limiting Brittle Prickly Pear Cactus, Opuntia fragilis (Cactaceae)" (1995). Svata M. Louda Publications. 2. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscilouda/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Papers in the Biological Sciences at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Svata M. Louda Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. American Journal of Botany 82(12): 1558-1566. 1995. INTERACTIONOF DIFFUSE COMPETITION AND INSECT HERBIVORY IN LIMITING BRITTLE PRICKLY PEAR CACTUS, OPUNTIAFRAGILIS (CACTACEAE)~ JUTTAC. BURGER^ AND SVATAM. LOUDA~ School of Biological Sciences and Cedar Point Biological Station, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0343 We tested the effects of above- and belowground competition and evaluated insect herbivory on the growth of a common cactus (Opuntia fragilis) in Sandhills prairie. Our purpose was to determine the independent and joint contribution of these factors to the variation observed in cactus size and local abundance. We manipulated ambient prairie vegetation and surface water availability in a full factorial design. When Opuntia fragilis was released from competition with surrounding vege- tation, it grew significantly larger in the second growing season, both in terms of number and size of new cladodes.
    [Show full text]
  • Polyphagy in True Bugs: a Case Study of Leptoglossus Phyllopus (L.) (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Coreidae)1
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Denisia Jahr/Year: 2006 Band/Volume: 0019 Autor(en)/Author(s): Mitchell Paula Levin Artikel/Article: Polyphagy in True Bugs: A case study of Leptoglossus phyllopus (L.) (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Coreidae) 1117-1134 © Biologiezentrum Linz/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Polyphagy in True Bugs: A case study of Leptoglossus phyllopus (L.) (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Coreidae)1 P.L. MITCHELL Abstract: The polyphagous species Leptoglossus phyllopus (L.) was examined with respect to host plant preference, tissue feeding specificity, seasonal dispersal among host plants, and life history. Mark-recap- ture, census, and rearing experiments demonstrated that this species exhibits true polyphagy, in that in- dividual bugs feed on plants from more than one family. Developmental parameters such as growth and survivorship did not differ among plants from several families, but did vary significantly with quality of host (e.g., wild vs. cultivated). Stadium duration, however, varied among wild host plant species in la- boratory experiments. Specialization on reproductive plant parts, coupled with sequential polyphagy and dispersal among a variety of seasonal host plants, allows multiple generations per year. Modes of fee- ding and preferred target tissues among coreids are discussed. Key words: leaffooted bug, Leptoglossus phyllopus, polyphagy, stylet sheath, target tissue. Introduction spp.), for example, employ a macerate-and- flush process, whereas an osmotic pump For phytophagous insects with piercing- mechanism is associated with coreids (MILES sucking mouthparts, feeding selectivity op- & TAYLOR 1994). However, some pentato- erates on two levels: preferred target tissue mids and lygaeids shift between salivary and host plant species.
    [Show full text]
  • Appropriate Design Elements and Native Plant Selection
    APPROPRIATE DESIGN ELEMENTS AND NATIVE PLANT SELECTION FOR LIVING ROOFS IN NORTH CENTRAL TEXAS by JONATHAN WILLIAM KINDER Bachelor of Science, 2006 Texas Christian University Fort Worth, Texas Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the College of Science and Engineering Texas Christian University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science May 2009 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I want to sincerely thank everyone that helped us in this project, because it could not have been done without the support and collaborative efforts of many individuals and institutions. First, thanks to God; thanks to my beautiful wife for being my cheerleader, helper, and personal barista. Thanks to my parents, Gery and Shelley, and my family for their love. This thesis is a tribute to the support, values and everlasting encouragement you have given me. Thanks to Dr. Tony Burgess, a mentor and patient guide who helped me learn about plants and life; to Bob O’Kennon, our walking flora and guide; Dr. Michael Slattery for his expertise and departmental support, and for the opportunity to attend the GreenBuild conference which grew my knowledge of the industry beyond expectations. Thanks to Dave Williams, my resourceful partner in this project whose knowledge, cleverness and energy made our study a reality. Thanks to Rob Denkhaus and Susan Tuttle at the Fort Worth Nature Center and Refuge for plants, an area to work, research sites and friendship. I also want to thank Robert George, Pat Harrison, and all the staff at the Botanical Research Institute of Texas for being an indispensible resource and helping to give us a local voice; Lenee Weldon, my field buddy who has been there from the beginning; Molly Holden who gave us her help and knowledge, Bill Lundsford with Colbond Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • Integrating Environmental Quality and Sexual Selection in the Cactus Bug Chelinidea Vittiger Aequoris Mcatee (Hemiptera: Coreidae) Jake Thickman and Dr
    Integrating Environmental Quality and Sexual Selection in the Cactus Bug Chelinidea vittiger aequoris McAtee (Hemiptera: Coreidae) Jake Thickman and Dr. Christine Miller College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida Knowledge of the effects of variable environments on sexual selection remains incomplete, especially in ecologically relevant settings. This research examines the effects of a spatially and temporally heterogeneous environment on a natural population of the cactus bug Chelinidea vittiger aequoris to determine associations between resource quality, male size, and social groupings. Field sampling of C. vittiger took place at the Ordway-Swisher Biological Station, located in North-Central Florida, from June 8 to August 12, 2011. Multiple transects were conducted throughout the station, with information recorded on social behavior, adult size, and cactus quality. Males found in close proximity to females showed no significant difference in size, an indicator of male attractiveness in related species, compared to those males found alone, but were located on larger cactus patches. This result suggests that size may not be a reliable indicator of male quality in this population, possibly due to the effects of environmental variation on the processes of sexual selection. INTRODUCTION such effects persist, this may alter the mechanisms of sexual selection, resulting in a decline in preference for a Sexual selection, or the selection of traits driven specific trait. specifically by competition for mates, has long been a Although environmental variation may strongly subject of scientific study (Andersson, 1994). Sexual influence sexual selection, the effects of environmental selection is both intersexual and intrasexual. Intrasexual variation on sexual selection and mating systems remain selection involves members of the same sex competing for unclear.
    [Show full text]
  • Bulletin 256
    SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 256 Cactus-Feeding Insects and Mites JOHN MANN Director ^ The Alan Fletcher Research Station Queensland Depart?ne7it of Lands Australia SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS WASHINGTON, D.C. 1969 Publications of the United States National Museum The scientific publications of the United States National Museum include two series, Proceedings of the United States National Museum and United States National Museum Bulletin. In these series are published original ardcles and monographs dealing with the collections and work of the Museum and setting forth newly acquired facts in the field of anthropology, biology, geology, history, and technology. Copies of each publication are distributed to libraries and scientific organizations and to specialists and others interested in the various subjects. The Proceedings, begun in 1878, are intended for the publication, in separate form, of shorter papers. These are gathered in volumes, octavo in size, with the publication date of each paper recorded in the table of contents of the volume. In the Bulletin series, the first of which was issued in 1875, appear longer, separate publications consisting of monographs (occasionally in several parts) and volumes in which are collected works on related subjects. Bulletins are either octavo or quarto in size, depending on the needs of the presentation. Since 1 902, papers relating to the botanical collections of the Museum have been published in the Bulletin series under the heading Contributions from the United States National Herbarium. This work forms number 256 of the Bulletin series. Frank A. Taylor Director, United States NationaiMuseum U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Global Actions for Managing Cactus Invasions
    plants Article Global Actions for Managing Cactus Invasions Ana Novoa 1,2,3,* , Giuseppe Brundu 4 , Michael D. Day 5, Vicente Deltoro 6, Franz Essl 1,7, Llewellyn C. Foxcroft 1,8 , Guillaume Fried 9 , Haylee Kaplan 2, Sabrina Kumschick 1,2 , Sandy Lloyd 10, Elizabete Marchante 11,Hélia Marchante 11,12, Iain D. Paterson 13, Petr Pyšek 1,3,14 , David M. Richardson 1, Arne Witt 15, Helmuth G. Zimmermann 16 and John R. U. Wilson 1,2 1 Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; [email protected] (F.E.); [email protected] (L.C.F.); [email protected] (S.K.); [email protected] (P.P.); [email protected] (D.M.R.); [email protected] (J.R.U.W.) 2 South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch Research Centre, Private Bag X7, Claremont 7735, South Africa; [email protected] 3 Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-252 43 Pr ˚uhonice,Czech Republic 4 Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; [email protected] 5 Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, GPO Box 267, Brisbane Qld 4001, Queensland, Australia; [email protected] 6 VAERSA-Generalitat Valenciana, E-46011 Valencia, Spain; [email protected] 7 Division of Conservation Biology, Vegetation and Landscape Ecology, Department of Botany and +Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria 8 Conservation Services, South African National Parks, Skukuza
    [Show full text]
  • Endosymbiosis in the Caecum of the Southern Green Stink Bug, Nezara Viridula (L.)
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1980 Endosymbiosis in the Caecum of the Southern Green Stink Bug, Nezara Viridula (L.). Robert Paul West Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation West, Robert Paul, "Endosymbiosis in the Caecum of the Southern Green Stink Bug, Nezara Viridula (L.)." (1980). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 3575. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/3575 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This was produced from a copy of a document sent to us for microfîlming. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure you of complete continuity. 2. When an image on the Him is obliterated with a round black mark it is an indication that the film inspector noticed either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, or duplicate copy.
    [Show full text]
  • Hemiptera: Coreidae)
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.18.997569; this version posted March 20, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Running head: Phylogenomic analysis of the Coreinae 2 3 Title: Phylogenomics of the leaf-footed bug subfamily Coreinae (Hemiptera: Coreidae): 4 applicability of ultraconserved elements at shallower depths 5 6 Authors: Michael Forthman1,2*, Christine W. Miller1, Rebecca T. Kimball3 7 1 University of Florida, Entomology & Nematology Department, 1881 Natural Area Drive, 8 Gainesville, FL 32611, USA 9 2 California Department of Food and Agriculture, Plant Pest Diagnostics Branch, 3294 10 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832 11 3 University of Florida, Department of Biology, 876 Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA 12 13 *Corresponding author: California Department of Food and Agriculture, Plant Pest Diagnostics 14 Branch, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832, USA; e-mail: 15 [email protected] 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.18.997569; this version posted March 20, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 24 Abstract 25 Baits targeting invertebrate ultraconserved elements (UCEs) are becoming more common 26 for phylogenetic studies. Recent studies have shown that invertebrate UCEs typically encode 27 proteins — and thus, are functionally different from more conserved vertebrate UCEs —can 28 resolve deep divergences (e.g., superorder to family ranks).
    [Show full text]
  • Kissing Bugs”) and Insects of Similar Appearance in Colorado Fact Sheet 5.624 Insect Series | Home & Garden
    Conenose Bugs (“Kissing Bugs”) and Insects of Similar Appearance in Colorado Fact Sheet 5.624 Insect Series | Home & Garden By W.S. Cranshaw* (2/20) Quick Facts Conenose bugs (Triatoma species) are (a “kiss”). There may be no Only one species of insects that feed on the blood of noticeable effect of bite, although an "kissing bug" has various wild animals, particularly allergic reaction (itching, swelling, ever been found in rodents. Mammals are their most etc.) to the saliva of the bug may Colorado, Triatoma common hosts but they will occur in in some people that are protracta (western occasionally feed on birds and bitten more than once. conenose). Western conenose is reptiles. Other names for these rare and restricted insects are “kissing bugs” or The greatest concern about these to rural areas, “bloodsucking conenose bugs”. All of insects is that they can transmit a usually near nests the conenose bugs are a type of pathogen (Trypanosoma cruzi) that of packrats assassin bug, placed in the subfamily produces Chagas Disease. A good (woodrats). Triatominae, and most of the species source of information on Chagas There are several are in the genus Triatoma. Therefore, Disease is the Centers for Disease insects that are these bugs are sometimes referred to Control (CDC) at: commonly mistaken as “triatomines”. https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/chaga for "kissing bugs" that do occur in and s/ around homes statewide, including Conenose Bugs (“Kissing western conifer- Bugs”) in Colorado seed bug and masked hunter. As a group, conenose bugs are most common in the tropical areas of the Americas.
    [Show full text]