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Canvas™ : Dvdfrmatscompflavors.CNV Compression Types Codec Compression Decompression a piece of software which can compress (encode) a piece of media, and then expand (decode) the media for playback. Lossless Will retain all information, can recreate compressed item BIT FOR BIT NO LOSS OF RESOLUTION. .zip.bin files from downloads are example Run Length Encoding 001001001001001001001001001001001001001 = 001*13 represent a repeating pattern with a number LossyReduce the resolution of the information to allow it to be stored/transported or distributed with lower bandwidth. Audio compression AIFF audio 1.5 mbps Perceptual Audio Codecs discard resolution that psychoacoustic testing says we cannot hear. MP3 original DVD MPEG format for audio 190kbps ATRAC MD audio 350kbps AAC revised MP3 format 128kbps Vorbis opensource 180kbps MLP Meridian Lossless Packing 2:1 compression ($2.5K!!) Masking Sounds adjacent to before loud content are deleted after low highs low highs Video Compression Very high bit rates!! DV video 25mega bits per second (mbps) DVD discs 9.8mbps max!! HD-DVD /Blu-ray 36.5mbps Spacial Compression Color Space Reduce the number of colors and variation of pixel patterns to reduce the storage requirements CL CL CL CL 4:4:4 CL CL CL CL CL L CL L 4:2:0 L L L L Temporal Compression MPEG MOTION PHOTOGRAPHIC EXPERTS GROUP MPEG first image waving waving cut Keyframe Change Change Keyframe Broadcast or encode the entire keyframe, then only encode what changes between the next frames until the entire frame changes, or there is too much difference. GOP (Group of Pictures) I P P B P P I Lossless data compression Lossy data compression * Apple Lossless * General (medium to high bit rate) * Audio Lossless Coding (MPEG-4 ALS) o ADPCM * Direct Stream Transfer (DST) o AAC Advanced Audio Coding (MPEG-2 and MPEG-4) * Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC) o AAC+ * LA (Lossless Audio) o ADX * Lossless Predictive Audio Compression o ARDOR (Adaptive Rate-Distortion Optimised sound codeR) * Lossless Transform Audio Compression (LTAC) o ATRAC Adaptive TRansform Acoustic Coding (Used in MiniDisc * Meridian Lossless Packing (MLP) devices) * Monkey's Audio (APE) o Dolby Digital (A/52, AC3) * OptimFROG o DTS (DTS Coherent Acoustics) * RealAudio Lossless o Impala FORscene audio codec * RKAU (RK Audio) o MP1 (MPEG audio layer-1) * Shorten (SHN) o MP2 (MPEG audio layer-2) Layer 2 audio codec (MPEG-1, MPEG-2 * True Audio (TTA) and non-ISO MPEG-2.5) * WavPack o MP3 (MPEG audio layer-3) Layer 3 audio codec (MPEG-1, MPEG-2 * Windows Media Audio 9 Lossless and non-ISO MPEG-2.5) o HILN (MPEG-4 Parametric audio coding) o Musepack o Perceptual Audio Coding o QDesign o TwinVQ o Vorbis o WMA (Windows Media Audio) * Audio compression dialog Video compression parameters DVD Red light laser 650nm wavelength Optical disc 4.7G per layer 9.8mbps max Flavors single layer, single side, double layer double DVD-rom,-R,+R,-RW,+RW, DVD-V, DVD-A HD-DVD/Blu-Ray Blue light laser 405nm wavelength 25GB per layer read speeds 36mbps current, 12x(423)projected HVD holographic Dual beam, 3.9 terabyte capacity, 1gbps DVD production Total bit budget audio PCM 16-24 bit up to 96khz Dolby Digital AC-3 up to 5.1channels MPEG not recommended L C R 5.1 Sub Surround S L S R video HD MPEG 4 (H264) up to 29.4mbps Menus Chapters Go to Chapter Markers in video stream Play Language Select audio tracks Language Extras Features Other video tracks Subtitles Subtitles Enable overlay graphics Captions Menu Production Standard Static/motion background button state overlays, text buttons Drop zones audio Title Menu Layered through Photoshop more graphic control no audio/motion Stories Arrange playback of chapters Scripts GPRM General Purpose Register Memories Previous Next SPRM System Parameter “ “ Return Audio Angle Subtitles Aspect.
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