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Nextgen Now! How the Digital Age of Aviation Will Unleash Abundance in Our National Airspace System Contents

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Nextgen Now! How the Digital Age of Aviation Will Unleash Abundance in Our National Airspace System Contents NextGen Now! How the Digital Age of Aviation Will Unleash Abundance in Our National Airspace System Contents Introduction Unleashing Abundance in our National Airspace System .......................................................... 3 So, What is NextGen?.................................................................................................................. 4 By Act of Congress ..............................................................................................................4 NextGen is the first major Transformational Technologies ........................................................................................... 4 technological transformation Background of airspace, aircraft and An Abbreviated History of Air Traffic Control............................................................................. 5 From Ground-Based to Space-Based Navigation................................................................. 5 airport management systems Tale of the Long Tails in Aviation .......................................................................................... 5 in over 50 years, using digital Life Cycles in Transportation ................................................................................................ 6 technology to redefine every Transportation Challenges Thinking in 3-D.......................................................................................................................... 7 element of air transport— The Tipping Point ................................................................................................................ 7 from communications, Can’t We Just Build Our Way Out?........................................................................................ 7 surveillance and navigation How Crowded is Our Airspace? ........................................................................................... 8 We Have Lots of Airports: Why Don’t We use Them? ............................................................ 8 to air traffic management. The 21st Century Solution The Alternative That Makes Sense: Use More .............................................................................. 9 Tapping into Our Nation’s Underutilized Resources ............................................................ 9 The Promise of NextGen Technologies From Scarcity to Abundance ..................................................................................................... 10 The NextGen Mental Model................................................................................................. 10 Using Technology to its Potential........................................................................................ 11 NextGen Advantages Why Should We Embrace NextGen? ........................................................................................... 12 It’s Not Just Time , Money and Convenience: It’s the Planet! ................................................ 13 NextGen Implementation Now Consider the Roll-out ........................................................................................................ 14 Early Adopter Success ......................................................................................................... 14 Implementation Timeline.................................................................................................... 14 Accelerating NextGen in Florida How Can NextGen be Implemented Sooner? ............................................................................. 15 Florida NextGen Participants .............................................................................................. 15 Florida Implementation Timeline........................................................................................ 16 Expanding Service Beyond the Metroplex ........................................................................... 16 NextGen Obstacles What’s in the Way?..................................................................................................................... 17 What Does it Cost and Who Will Pay or be Inconvenienced? ............................................... 17 What You Can Do to Become NextGen Ready How to Get Ready for NextGen—Now ...................................................................................... 18 Next Steps for Next Gen....................................................................................................... 18 NextGen Technologies Appendix Many thanks to contributing author: A Closer Look at NextGen Technologies ..................................................................................... 19 Tim Kern INK About DayJet ............................................................................................................................. 20 www.TimKern.com 2 Introduction Welcome to the Digital Age of Aviation Unleashing Abundance in our National Airspace System “It has been apparent Today’s air traffic system has evolved over some 80 communication, navigation, and surveillance for far too long that to years. Given the mix of technology and demands infrastructure. As a result, airspace appears scarce, millions of Americans that are made of it by myriad users, its safety and when in fact, if these constraints are lifted, airspace efficiency are remarkable. However, the current is abundant. who fly, our domestic air system is stressed well beyond its design capac- travel system is broken. At the very least, we have vast regions of ity—as one in three flights persistently encounter underutilized airspace, airports, and runways, all of In 2007 alone, passengers, delays—costing U.S. passengers an estimated 320 which can become accessible in the 21st Century. airlines, and our economy million hours in lost time or $12 billion in 2007. Embracing the technology advancements of the last felt a $41 billion punch in With passenger demand expected to reach one two decades allows us to develop new mental the gut from flight delays, billion by 2015, we face the inescapable fact of a models, based on airspace abundance, which guide and the problem is only two- to three-fold increase in air transportation us toward new solutions. Digital solutions can move demand by 2025 that simply cannot be accommo- us from ground-based constraints to a system-wide going to get worse.” dated in the existing system. Failure to address the need abundance of airspace. U.S. Senator Charles E. Schumer for expanded capacity in our National Airspace System Chairman of the Joint Economic To facilitate this transition, several capabilities need Committee (JEC) (NAS) by this time will cost the U.S. economy a to improve: our ability to pinpoint dangerous “Your Flight Has Been Delayed Again” minimum of $22 billion annually in lost economic May 22, 2008 weather events; our ability to keep aircraft activity. separated with greater precision as traffic increases; The solutions to tomorrow’s challenges do not our navigation through complex traffic flows and merely lie in scaling up the present system by airspace architecture with ever-more accuracy; our adding controllers, airports and runways. In fact, navigation and satellite surveillance need to be able even doubling the number of controllers, runways to handle additional routes, more traffic, a greater at large airports, radars, and control towers will not mix of aircraft, and additional destinations; and meet the challenge, much less be affordable. aviation radios need to carry more data, including weather, sequencing, and traffic information more Some would argue that we have a scarcity of airspace, efficiently. when in fact, airspace is in abundance. It does not help with our mental models that the morning news depicts The good news is that the technology needed is airport delays by showing a map of the U.S. with all here, and it is broadly scalable and adaptive enough airborne airplanes covering the country—using to handle needs for the foreseeable future and likely aircraft icons that are the size of small states. We need beyond. We are riding a new wave in technology— a new mental model for the nation’s airspace that is ground-based, aircraft-based, and space-based— based on the principle of abundance. that will continue to expand in capability at an accelerated pace. These new technologies will bring The barriers constraining our 20th Century airspace the digital age to aviation, and with it, a new level of procedures are from physical limitations of where scalability, affordability, robustness, reliability and we have installed radars, instrument landing safety. systems, radio antennae, and other ground-based 3 Introduction So, What Is “NextGen?” for the many moving parts of the U.S. air transpor- tation system including: the National Aeronautics The umbrella term for the modernization of the and Space Administration (NASA), Department of National Airspace System is known as the Next “Without NextGen, the historic Defense (DOD), the Federal Aviation Administration Generation Air Transportation System, or delays that plague us now (FAA), Department of Transportation (DOT), “NextGen.” NextGen is the first major technologi- Department of Homeland Security (DHS), will soon be known as cal transformation of airspace, aircraft and airport Department of Commerce (DOC), the National the good old days.” management systems in over 50 years using digital Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), technology to redefine every element of air Marion C. Blakey and the White House Office of Science and Former
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