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To cite this Article: Mignolo, Walter D. , 'DELINKING', Cultural Studies, 21:2, 449 - 514 To link to this article: DOI: 10.1080/09502380601162647 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09502380601162647

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The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. © Taylor and Francis 2007 Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 ul noprtdit t ocpuladpltclfaeok ial,how be Finally, to framework? were political nature and and conceptual race, gender, its today’s if into or project are incorporated theory’ transformations proletarians fully What ‘critical Horkheimer’s multitudes? the the to in as its needed such next Socialism/ proletariat, picture, the the Christianity, obverse, of when the translation be its Western into to and brought aim (e.g., contact, theory’ are capitalism the ‘critical West avoid should years to/with What couldn’t the hundred Marxism)? relation years) 500 with 50 and past only complicity secularization the perhaps or in and 250 that and conflict, past histories di-versity the local the in of many (some out the place, taking of are pluri-versity ‘revolutions’ pluri-versal 30 and the global for statement guiding The meetings. conversations, between the during May in of or members, meetings meetings its previous the among in of problematic and/or one group interesting the organized of meeting I 1998 Each UNC. and since and Duke Escobar at project Arturo modernity/coloniality 2004, May In Introduction de-coloniality of grammar the and coloniality of logic the modernity, of rhetoric The DELINKING Mignolo D. Walter o osHrhie’ ciia hoy rjc okt stdy when today, us to look project theory’ ‘critical Horkheimer’s does How omadcnet yakn fpres oi,i un oteps fthe of past it. all the destroys of to and turns brain disfigures it native’s it, logic, the perverse distorts emptying of and and kind people, a grip oppressed By its content. merely in satisfied and not people form is a Colonialism country. holding dominated with a of future the and ... ue20 etn a h following: the was meeting 2004 June 1 ooils sntsml otn oips t ueuo h present the upon rule its impose to content simply not is colonialism a endvtdt h xlrto fise hteegdas emerged that issues of exploration the to devoted been has utrlSuisVl 1 o.2 Nos. online 21, 1466-4348 print/ISSN Vol. 0950-2386 ISSN Studies Cultural tp/wwtnfc.kjunl O:10.1080/09502380601162647 DOI: http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals 1 ac/a 07 p 449 pp. 2007, March/May 3 FazFanon, (Franz – 07Tyo Francis & Taylor 2007 h Wretched The an´ el terre la damne´s de 514 1961) , Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 5 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 450 ild‘e-oiisadPiooh’ nacmlmnaywy ntelate the in way, Enrique his complementary which of a to chapter In idea first Philosophy’. an the was and in terms at ‘Geo-politics those hinted titled in 1977, also in cast Dussel, be could knowledge t akrsd,tecntn erdcino clnaiy.I re ouncover to order In hides ‘coloniality’. arrival of of that reproduction point rhetoric constant the and crooked the spiritual process The side, a global making. darker they not universal am its is organized, a I It as that be violence. ‘modernity’ claim should indirect spiritual naturalizes and society a direct merely and of or economy kinds claim, all how to of subject ideas become other have or hp fdpnec,i hs pee,btencne n periphery. and seventies. center the between spheres, relation- (e.g., in those the political analyzing in theory, the economy, dependency, and in dependency of intervention) ships debate and by the control military ignited maintained state, however, Quijano. debates involvement Anibal of theory, years heated sociologist Dependency early Peruvian his the of in shaped pen in was the experience and intellectual thought Quijano’s the from came hnyucnn ogrbyln eas adisl slmtdadnot and limited is itself land wealth, of because concentration land!! the virtual land control buy who buy can those you longer example, by for monopolized no where, a or paradise it, producible as can a promoting sold happiness, you media of being land the when are promised of the democracy, to magic with trip the package together and modernization, neo-liberalism and of modernity spell the Under de-linking Epistemic I productive it and version creative last intense, its of own in days their three but of with meeting The mark the dialogues. out questions. indelible before came related the started other, workshop the carries follows with days killed each or that three that questions have argument sure the reformulated am would I with in thought. which answers, participants for signposts consensus’, the as them of of leaving of ‘manifesto instead a questions modernity? toward to of Or, project debate need project? the theory of the critical exhaustion suggest a the of suggest perhaps it formulations would subsumption century twentieth this the and modernity/coloniality abandon would of project Or the into decolonization? subsumed be theory’ ‘critical can fipraimclnaim ems osdrhwt eooiete‘mind’ the decolonize (Gruzinski) to ‘imaginary’ how the and consider structure (Thiongo) must economic we and political imperialism/colonialism, the of and modernity/coloniality of conundrum hrfr,i ed ob eclnzdwsepesdi eea asadin and ways several in expressed was domains. de-colonized disciplinary be to different needs it therefore, h usin omltdi h ttmn eentitne odiethe drive to intended not were statement the in formulated questions The ic h i-eete,teie htkoldei loclnzdand, colonized also is knowledge that idea the mid-seventies, the Since evrelogic perverse 2 htFnnpitdout pointed Fanon that 3 e,we eped o u h akg willingly package the buy not do people when Yet, 4 oee,tegonbekn formulation groundbreaking the However, hti,koldeadbeing. and knowledge is, that neligtephilosophical the underlying hlspyo Liberation of Philosophy 5 That Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 oiia)t ooilt fkoldeado en gne,sexuality, vocabulary (gender, project. basic being research the of the into of and incorporated members were knowledge among knowledge), of and and (economic coloniality power subjectivity of coloniality to of extension political) the and coloniality of concept oe ntosmlaeu ietos n sthe is One directions. simultaneous the two in in players moves equal were as economy, them political ‘recognizing’ and without game. expanding philosophy the inverted an political show of and categories marching to therefore, and toward languages order and moved Western in 1500 that etc., thoughts, ‘recognize’ from just to that Chinese, had but observing they Russians, am future Ottoman ‘recognition’: I Incas, the the Totality. of Ottomans, of for examples notion on, idea the Western the as offering of course Empires regionalism of respect Inca of not examples the am as and of quoted I often The difference. concepts are Totality. the Empires the of non-Western Inca for concept and and am’), imperial Ottoman growing 1500s the I a of with the cases therefore confronted be since think, to is had ‘I Ego- particularly or Totality secular Descartes, that, to exist Theo-logy (e.g., case doesn’t (from logy epistemology Totality the Western of Arabic, of is dominance notion growing it (Mandarin, the the But epistemologies etc.), and unthinkable. in Aymara, the and that difference added, Russian, at Quijano languages and the Bengali, case, the engulfing imperial not occlude an is It is exclude, non-European exclusionary. rationality and negates, defensive Modern time pleonasm); totalities. that same the other Totality of of the aware a possibilities am is (I is modernity/rationality, Totality of between that notion complicity totalitarian and the exclusionary to critique Quijano’s rmteciiu fps-oent.Nw n hsi motn,tecritique the the important, is of this is and only it not Now, to and why post-modernity. coloniality internal is of of and That critique perspective the the limited ideas. from and from European is Totality of of modernity critique critique history the this of essence the but and names Totality; history of the criticized European concept already under thinkers modern postmodern depicted the languages that acknowledges Totality and Quijano silenced the rationality. knowledges of by restitution subalternized the performed subjectivities, and re-construction repressed the histories, up, opened has coloniality ovrain mn h ebr ftemdriyclnaiyresearch modernity/coloniality the of members the project’, among conversations ihtentrlcneune fkoldei ooie n ftets ahead task the of one knowledge. colonized argument de-colonize is the knowledge to ended if is and consequence: knowledge; natural and of the political coloniality modernidad- with the the y in with power ‘Colonialidad spheres of titled coloniality economic 1992, linked article in explicitly an Quijano reprinted In racionalidad’ and ‘modernity’). of 1989 side concept in constitutive disturbing published and the invisible introduced (the Quijano ‘coloniality’ Anibal of seventies, early and eighties ujn’ rjc riuae rudtento f‘ooilt fpower’ of ‘coloniality of notion the around articulated project Quijano’s 7 eclnaiybcm h omnepeso ardwt the with paired expression common the became de-coloniality 6 nteps he rfu er,tewr and work the years, four or three past the In 8 n ftecnrlpit of points central the of One analytic. h ocp of concept The EIKN 451 DELINKING Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 5 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 452 akblwt hscnet,adt ht( ildvlpbelow) develop will (I come what will to and (I an concept), structural-histories of this heterogeneous already concepts to of below none-totalitarian concept was back about be own shall observations his Union statement to Quijano’s The Soviet totality; to follow. the to parallel from The exemplar in different an totalitarian. read not be is would equally results global that whose a but experiment its Totality as shown of imagined one, has concept be modern century one not shall by twenty-first an ‘destruction’ lead the nonetheless, Such revolution of is, viability. decade it its first but and potential the messianic in somewhat that sound orientation may statement last The of by fracture articulated Andes, the the in in legacies Gandhi; colonial already Mahatma with shift Jose encounter of its de-colonial activism in the Marxism and From critique De- sources. Bhabha. de-colonial Hommi the other in and of from implicit grounding Spivak the Jacques Gayatri starts as Foucault, Said, coloniality acknowledged post-coloniality Michel Edward been as of canon: have far post-colonial Derrida project Jacques as a and post-structuralism Lacan de- and on of post-modernity dependent programmatic heavily of the project and Eurocentered post-colonial. coloniality the of beyond de-linking. and analytic of away ‘desprendimiento’, the moves of coloniality junction, project the a call this as can Quijano post-coloniality, At we in to direction manifested necessarily second is lead the that Thus, doesn’t de-coloniality. Totality to of but notion modern the of ooilsitsatn rmted-ooiaino knowledge: of of de-colonization project the de- a from the is summarizes starting thus theory shift Quijano and colonial academy. the criticism within post-colonial transformation while scholarly de-linking of project Anzaldu Aime Gloria Cabral, Amilcar by enacted alsMaria Carlos ´ ooilt n eclnaiyitoue rcuewt oh the both, with fracture a introduces de-coloniality and Coloniality nipnal.Ma indispensable. crı La e rio ndfntv o oopdrn osiud nl eiinlbed gentes de libre decision primer la en en constituido colonialidad, no la poder libres. todo con con racionalidad-modernidad definitiva en necesario la te´rmino, y es de esto, de vinculaciones Lejos las conocimiento. negacio el pura en la totalidad en de discurso; el en realidad nl negacio la en iaismine). (italics destruccio la clara: es conocimiento consecuencia de distorsionados paradigmas malogro produjo y que lo lugar, primer tc e aaim uoe el ainlddmdria es racionalidad/modernidad la de europeo paradigma del ´tica uv coro Nueva sl instrumentalizacio la Es a rmsslbrdrsd amdria.L lentv en alternativa La modernidad. la de liberadoras promesas las ´ a mn tes h eclna hf,i te od,i a is words, other in shift, de-colonial The others. among ´a, nsml etdsssctgre;e adisolucio la en categories; sus todas de simple ´n tgi nterdclpltcladeitmlgclshifts epistemological and political radical the in ´tegui; 9 nc n ungobierno buen and ´nica sau ´s n ret.Pr sdds u lcmn consista camino el que dudoso es Pero urgente. ´n, ´Ce nd arazo la de ´n sie rnzFnn ioet Menchu Rigoberta Fanon, Frantz ´saire, nd aclnaia e oe mundial poder del colonialidad la de ´n yWmnPm eAaa nthe in Ayala; de Puma Waman by nd aie el perspectiva la de y idea la de ´n npre oe ooil en colonial, poder el por ´n lrvraiyas pluriversality epedrede desprenderse programmatic nd la de ´n ´, Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 argues: eclna psei hf hnh lrfe that: clarifies he when shift epistemic de-colonial niu uslpoie odpito nr nhsFakutLectures. Frankfurt his in entry of point good a provides Dussel Enrique modernity of rhetoric The II in point this to back de-coloniality’). come other-universality, I’ll of to project. grammar universal (‘The leading a IV shift where as section epistemic pluri-versality Europe to shall de-colonial is, is, then that a that De-linking hand (geo-politics), as colonialism. one planet of understood consequence the the be a of on politics), as part that (body accumulated ethnicity specific capitalism knowledge particular a of a in politics among of located universality inter-culturality body pretended of and the to concept geo- denounces presupposes the a de-linking of toward Furthermore, case move Ecuador). the in is and, intellectuals bellow, other Indigenous communication see understanding foreground inter-epistemic will new we and the as (as inter-cultural interpreted ‘New to knowledge be ethics. should other brings communication’ politics, of other and economy, principles other shift consequently, that other epistemic delinking A First, de-colonial epistemologies, paragraph. delinkink. this Amin’s to in to contained leads parallel nutshell, runs a in de-colonization is, epistemic follows that argument The ‘ of idea Quijano’s project universal a osqetypr fissl-eiiin h clso fti periphery this of is occlusion center The this self-definition. surrounds its a that of of ‘periphery’ content. ‘center’ part the ultimate the consequently inaugurates: its as it is itself that that affirms History alterity Europe non-European when a appears an Modernity with Taylor) relation Charles will dialectical I fact, a or in lectures, is, these Habermas modernity In that Jurgen phenomenon. argue European (for exclusively many or essentially for is, Modernity npie te primer En nvra,anu a ti elaaErp cietl oqeeo en tı eso, el Porque provincianismo especı occidental. un mine). la Europa para (italics llama pretender que se es de etnia verdad, nada tal pretension aunque Pues la universal, universalidad. que alguna que finalmente, cosmovisio a racionalidad otra racional, legitimidad, de menos con base la pretender, como pueda significaciones, comunicacio de nueva y experiencias una a luego nd n ti atclrsaipet ool racionalidad la como impuesta sea particular etnia una de ´n n,aoeal tsalb edi opeetrt with complementarity in read be shall it all, above And, . rio adescolonizacio la ´rmino, desprenderse’ 11 (delinking). uoenpeoeo u n osiue in constituted one but phenomenon European a nitrclua,au necmi de intercambio un a inter-cultural, ´n 10 nepistemolo ´n nti ead ujn rpssa proposes Quijano regard, this In tl euniversalidad de ´tulo gc,pr a paso dar para ´gica, EIKN 453 DELINKING World 12 ´fica He Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 5 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 454 rmte?Woaeteaet n h neddtreso mniaigor the emancipating Does of projects? targets these intended in activated the are benefits and subjectivities Who agents What them? projects? the needs understand libratory Who to are ask: rather, two Who must but, We The them? right;’ the whom. from is terrains. for one that and geo-political ‘which offers reveal each determine different what to on might less is located ‘liberation’ here actually point of are instead projects distinct ‘emancipation’ for opts nesadhow understand aeo ooba oilgs rad Fals-Borda. Orlando sociologist the in sciences Colombian social the epistemological of Dussel; the of case and interrelated case the decolonization in and philosophy economic different (e.g., and revolu- decolonization two political struggles all to their the on and referred struggles: Africa had ‘Liberation’ and Asia word ‘decolonization’. in the for decolonization, political that of fronts meaning tionary the complemented ‘philosophy’ h rjcsgone ntelbrladscaittaiin fteEuropean Laclau, the Ernesto of that traditions fact socialist the in and reverse, claims liberal in emancipating the Seen universal in enlightenment. the grounded de-centering projects of the process the in emerged mniain fkoldeado being. than of (rather and de-colonization knowledge of for the of some statement emancipation) unravel of Dussel’s and of unfold because consequences to radical attempts reason the a below, argument, modern own myth, My criticize paragraphs. irrational we modern an terror; conceals. criticize it develops of postmodernists that it reason myth The irrational time, a violence. as same genocidal reason the affirm modernity’ we for at of that myth justification emancipation But, ‘the of call subsume. I ‘concept’ what rational and of a origin includes the Modernity uncovering itself. of question a is It sa swl si ai America Latin and Africa in in as liberation’ ‘national well of as movements in ‘emancipation’ social Asia, of the instead ‘liberation’ with keyword consonance the use to choice geopolitical ti omnwr nlbrladMritdsore.Tu,bgnigwith beginning Thus, discourses. Marxist book and tradition. liberal same foundational in that within word of his today common used location a is is it geopolitical shift. It and enlightenment de-colonial the European the the toward shift of way and our walk it, here from states and Dussel discourse; as emancipation’, hr r eea motn suspce oehri hs w dense two these in together packed issues important several are There h ocp f‘mniain,a uslipis eog otediscourse the to belongs implies, Dussel as ‘emancipation’, of concept The rdfneo taelkws nltrlad npr,false part, in and, critique a unilateral at likewise attempts are their it provincial, of and defense partial thus or modernity is Eurocentric modernity of a modern of into centuries) understanding genealogy the ‘center’ mid-seventeenth their of the the in of formation thinkers to fallacy the contemporary fifteenth in major late Portugal the the leads and from Spain system of world role the of (and de-colonization hlspyo Liberation of Philosophy and liberation 14 tahn h od‘ieain to ‘liberation’ word the Attaching 13 e sbgn hn yseigto seeking by then, begin, us Let usm h rtoa ocp of concept ‘rational the subsume fterudrtnigo the of understanding their If . 17) uslmksthe makes Dussel (1977), 15 . hs ‘liberation’ Thus, 16 o example, for Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 dclnzto’pit oadcneta adteeoeeitmc projects and epistemic) ‘liberation’ therefore both (and that d here conceptual of arguing toward am points I Portugal). ‘decolonization’ monarchic and previous Spain to like relation empires, (in configurations imperial new coloniality simultaneously, of logic the question hita,a ela axs n e-axs.L pense La neo-Marxist. and Marxist as pense well La pense as implies. Christian, La Ramonet man’. as in dimensional neo-liberalism, of Western ‘one just danger the not The labeled is Marcuse however, dangerous. argument Herbert and him my limited sense before highly hand in ( precise one other Ramonet the Ignacio the on the Delinking what is in on knowledge blue. of and epistemology and modernity unavoidable the of border foundation Western or of conceptual the that new thinking out a border as literally, presupposes understood coming, be cannot system de-linking modernity, European enment uoe si a h ooiaino rln)ad hs subsumes thus, and, Ireland) that fact of the of is colonization ‘emancipation’ un-theorized heart of and the the concept unsaid beyond still the was remains (or bourgeoisie What it Europe European ‘emancipation’.). the beyond as that colonized class Europe, indirectly) racialized or the includes (directly that frame larger oreii n upre yteerirursn fthe of uprising earlier the by of supported meaning and the achieving bourgeoisie in successful 1789 were in emerging moments Revolution the emancipation. historical French initial from three the America the and in account, 1776; colonists in the Empire 1668 of of British independence Revolution the Glorious the England, experiences: in historical world? ‘major’ three the to on in based seems people that oppressed ring all universal of a interests has the emancipation cover when matter even distinction icus oagefrte‘mniaino h okn ls’o tl more still Marxist or in class’ emancipating century working the the of twentieth to of forces the emancipating ‘emancipation difficulties the the in for initial for recently, recovered the argue the was over to all discourse and presented universal emancipation the claims) the export Haiti to for into universal stage (translated argue although the bourgeoisie to setting a the world, and used of class, ‘humanity’ concept social instead of the new term content a was socialist/Marxist of ‘emancipation’ same a freedom the While with to one. social responded although it Liberal the that modernity, revolutions, theoretically, French to of least and also at US logic Glorious, was, Anglo- the pertained the (1917) of the of Revolution Revolution control obverse were Russian the French the in 1776 the While up of stratum. ended in Revolution that bourgeoisie ‘people’ US the French the as of just colonizers actors descendent main the Likewise, e-linking h ocp n h dao eacpto’i h ihenhcnuy was century, eighteenth the in ‘emancipation’ of idea the and concept The rpssadpeupsscagswti h ytmta doesn’t that system the within changes presupposes and proposes toto rmteclna arxo oe.Bcueo h lblrahof reach global the of Because power. of matrix colonial the from e,teGoiu eouinwsldb h seto h British the of ascent the by led was Revolution Glorious the Yet, hti,lbrladnolbrlbtas hita n neo- and Christian also but neo-liberal and liberal is, that , eMneDiplomatique) Monde Le ntedsore fteErpa enlight- European the of discourses the in h mrignto-ttsi uoewere, Europe in nation-states emerging the multitude labelled , 17 euiu stetotality the is unique ´e apense´e unique la lbrto’poie a provides ‘liberation’ neeyhistorical every In . levelers EIKN 455 DELINKING euiu is unique ´e n1648. in n that and ´e’ Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 5 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 456 eiinadknowledges and religion etr itr n etr huhs(neaan rmGekadLatin and French’s). Greek and from English’s again, German’s, (once to of thought, trajectory thoughts of linear Western the categories within and transformation history as presented Western all are they because ist meilpwr lhuhi a o la htte‘ieain from ‘liberation’ the that clear not was the it from although ‘liberate’ in colonies power, to had revolution, to imperial decolonizing Asia Haitian to the empires and and and ties Africa linking Amaru liberating in Tupac structure of Decolonization with common Portugal). modern system France, the the England, (Spain, ended of that part movements are Revolution Haitian ooilmti fpwri h pedradlmttoso n rjc of project any of limitations necessary and splendor the the the within advancing is transformation am power while emancipation(s). I of decolonization, argument matrix (and from and colonial Conceptual the dependent liberation etc.etc. in be of thoughts!!! cannot direction is, of that de-linking matters practices in theoretical) theories of dictums philosophical political conceptions canonical other to different Greek and leads and economy think, Hobbes; which of to Thomas Greek concepts life unable global or different was Machiavelli beyond Why comes Smith Niccolo languages language beyond Adam transmodernity. each course foundational in of of other and that is project With many Latin. it diverse and and unique, and civilization pensee global Greek la modernity the TO in diverse? alternatives a and embedded in and of in coloniality epistemology matrix border or of colonial in the engage logic to from necessary the de-link To and foundations. imperial power Roman and its Portuguese) and with Spanish, Greco civilization French, their Italian, Western French, of German, macro-narratives (English, languages major three the of tuge o eooiainwr e yamxueo aieeieadthe and elite native of mixture a by cosmological led These Western coloniality. were damne´s of of decolonization logic and hegemony for modernity of struggles and rhetoric same dominance the an-other within variations introduced the of independences, Revolution kind into America Haitian some the therefore, Anglo cosmologies (and and or system Amaru the seed. America Tupac within de-linking emancipation), Spanish independences the all the them were in of which carried any revolution to Haitian Amaru the Contrary Tupac subsumed as socialism/Marxism. well and entirely Liberalism as not twentieth of uprising the was picture the in which into Asia dimension, and and under different Africa a of century, introduced decolonization twentieth century, the the the and and ‘modernity of (1804), of Tu revolution half order The ascending second Man’. and of the universal emancipation same to the the century to since belongs ‘revolution’ eighteenth then, every not the invites Yet, other, of ‘revolution’. the of end on concept the projects) of de-linking rethink (as the decolonization and liberation and h itntosIjs salse ewe mniaino h n hand one the on emancipation between established just I distinctions The tercal eae n oiial,eooial n ‘spiritually’ and economically politically, and defamed racially (the eas hr r ay‘einns eodAa n v and Eve and Adam beyond ‘beginnings’ many are there because 18 elnigi o rbe o eacptn’projects ‘emancipating’ for problem a not is De-linking pcAauursn nPr 18) h Haitian the (1781), Peru in uprising Amaru ´pac dispossessed. 20 ua mr piigadthe and uprising Amaru Tupac 19 in Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 owi n e,t itnadflo h edr iei h a nIraq. in war the in like leaders the in follow have point, would and original world listen that the to of from see, rest and and The by wait concentrates. dictated power rules to where that be time, theory shall and political thing space THE Every do and they political economy world. as an-other political far the of THE as possibility tolerated with be Indigenous no interfere would is not with or Religions there along theories. Islamic political scenario, go and a that to economies such like sure ‘Spreading In would not ideals. himself, the only. German is in Habermas of case like completion It itself the a intellectuals, modernity. on progressive is US project of dictum Habermas’s the project repeated what of incomplete Bush or illustration President planned, an East’, Europe and be point Middle to from the has in world executed democracy non-European the and in dictated people of ‘emancipation’ the with relation alterity’. dialectical and a non-European states in a constituted US) but century phenomenon European twentieth exclusively the local in the (and corporations private and Europeans to colonizer state Western faith nation European of the non-Christian projects the used of both that people against elites (e.g., native colors) ‘natives’ non-White by of led and colonies the in processes countries ciiti at mrc,Asrla e eln n Canada. and and Zealand intellectuals New by Indigenous Australia, by Komeini); America, and Ayatollah Laitn America in Latin Shariati, radical activist in empire. Ali by liberation the seventies, Qutb, of with and philosophy (Sayyid knot sixties Gordian the thinkers in the Arabo-Islamic formulated, cutting seen clearly of that clearly was processes say not De-coloniality to the was appropriate during de-coloniality is goal, stated it the case or this clearly In was stake. de-colonization at while also was thoughts of categories h rfl ftervltoaypoessldb h uoenbourgeoisie the as imperial European in the descent the emancipation European by from in Creoles Conceiving led Catholic) Americas processes and and coloniality. (Protestant revolutionary White modernity of the the and been of of logic had profile that rhetoric the the etc.) the of Affrikaan, Hindi, Caribbean, by implementation Aymara, the (Arab, negated in subjectivities Creole consistently English and of ruins and thoughts the French from shifts of emerge colonizer and theories categories Critical the around knowledge. languages, plate and of politics the colonized and turns ethics that the the De-coloniality encompasses coloniality it, liberation. that modern project and puts larger emancipation of Fanon even history the an as the is of both, decoloniality and struggle history, World’ the its ‘Third underline framed the liberation in While oppressed modernity/coloniality. of coin fmdriyi nesodesnilya uoenpeoeo,then phenomenon, European a as essentially understood is modernity If mniainadlbrto r nedtosdso h aeci,the coin, same the of sides two indeed are liberation and Emancipation swl ysm ntv’eie ndclnzdAinadAfrican and Asian decolonized in elites ‘native’ some by well as n ociiglbrto stepoieo h revolutionary the of profile the as liberation conceiving and saohrwyt nesadta mdriyi o an not is ‘modernity that understand to way another is link ihtepltcladeconomic and political the with n therefore, and 21 EIKN 457 DELINKING 22 Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 5 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 458 h ae‘rainlmt htjsiisgncdlvoec’ hr r several are There violence’. genocidal country, justifies ‘decolonized’ the that in myth reproducing, ‘irrational while same benefit join personal the to for tool today) a US once, as at the are, (e.g., colonized that the society the epistemic) colonizing necessarily by and a (political not decolonization to necessary citizenship, of color) is projects having skin It or itself. (e.g., blood in belonging right sufficient the actors not within dissenting is denunciation But for important, it. while those denounce and society, and violence’ oppose colonizer’s genocidal society, justifies that that within myth the that, ‘irrational of the enact not guidance that intellectual may those the colonizer In without the freedom’. decolonization decolonized, them of be damne´s ‘given agent to colonizer proper needs the the colonizer of be the gifts if generous words, damne the other for the wait of to interests have and perspective damne the from enacted obeoeainta nldsbt ooie n colonizer, and colonized both includes is that decolonization stated, operation Fanon geared, As double figure. damne epistemically political a the and has oriented, philosophical processes, logic. central ethically and necessary its imperial economically as fashion and and de-coloniality, fundamentalist motivated of politically same reason, out the this of run For content Islamism) why different is a and the That offer become can planet. Marxism, left, the Liberalism, from of or population (Christianity, right entire the the from for government) solution or church liberation/de- in collective, actors (or religious) is social philosophical, work directs (epistemic, myth spiritual at irrational and principle the economic hand, decolonization. political, guiding other for the the projects on their when when, moments and coloniality the of ‘rational the awareness re-maps the emancipation’. and but of includes liberation/de-coloniality concept liberation/de-coloniality for round: light way guiding other the be cannot emancipation hs onre oErp n h S en oigt em ihtefact people the the with ‘emancipation’. from of terms ‘liberation/de-coloniality’ flag to for the need coming raising further institutions means from and still US) immigrants a the of is there and perspective that Europe the to from countries or those both beyond located historically h nenladhsoia esetvso uoeo h S hnloigat looking then US, the or from Europe from history of Marxists world honest perspectives the and the historical liberals by and honest and, words, by internal other managed used emancipation; In the image and Marxist. the to or is over liberal ‘emancipation’ covered subservient either if modernity, be be of rhetoric Habermasian still would emancipating an would In liberation likewise, NGOs!). scenario, decolonization, (not of movements social type delinking countless and ooyhsacs oa liaetuh n,cneunl,n n person one no consequently, and, truth, ultimate an to access has Nobody otntl h ol oilFrm h oilFrmo h Americas the of Forum Social the Forum, Social World the Fortunately swudb ervdo hi rgt olbrt n eclnz n will and de-colonize and liberate to ‘right’ their of deprived be would ´s hr r w id fidvdasa oki h ooie’ society: colonizer’s the in work at individuals of kinds two are There . n yet and o h rjc faclnzdelite, colonized a of project the not outside nti opeiy ene eetesciia xrieof exercise critical relentless a need we complexity, this In ftoelctos(ihrfo onr geo- country a from (either locations those of 23 hs nti rcs sense, precise this in Thus, h s decolonization use who s tews,the Otherwise, ´s. btatuniversals abstract 24 articulated although sas ´s Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 rm fkoldei h oenclna ol rmtesxenht the to dominant sixteenth and the historical from the world as modern/colonial Theo-logy the conceptual take in and I knowledge concepts of reality. de-naturalize frame A to de-naturalization. is totalize terminological de-linking that of of fields strategy terrain one unavoidable is, the That in here entering eea h holgcladteeolgclpltc fkoldeand knowledge of politics ego-logical the and conceive the I theo-logical what since the by understanding. ruled, world been as modern/colonial have the the and, here fracture through that to and are necessary understanding century is and understanding it fifteenth be, knowledge technology should and of and philosophy, are knowledge hegemony and society of ethics what organization politics, the of and and economy ideas what hegemonic consequently, modernity the of of critique decolonization. the and of liberation distinction of perspective Dussel’s the following historical decolonization. from by layered and proceed liberation the the will emancipation, within the modernity, of I violence processes further of by genocidal side explore established justifies to darker frame that like the would myth organizing been but I knowledge irrational modernity) have then, of of thougths section, rhetoric politics the this different of and In coloniality categories insufficient. and of highly Western Smith logic Adam the (because through Bible, globalized necessary the makes Marx etc., that by Cold ethical, Karl principles US and the philosophical, on during War) politica, the based Asia economic, Cold conceptualization (e.g., and that the requires Africa during liberalism Delinking in Asia War). de-colonization by and supporting liberation); Africa (also in Marxism of de-colonization theology to support (e.g. Christianity by h tugei o hnigtetrsi diint h otn fthe of content the to addition modernity/ in conversation what terms is the begin. which should changing mind differ, for the that conversation. of is those decolonization struggle imposition where over forced The hence, society the and, of by does of structured vision coloniality or ideal a upon of one toward dependent and not of working projects is political means that and offer and life then, histories that human epistemic De-coloniality, humiliation the de-colonial of ethics. are for histories now de-colonial reference a of Still, and point oppression. wounds the the and coloniality; emancipation regulation of of of seed memories the seed both the carries which and thought of categories Eurocentric psei rvlg si h ieo h ooie,ee hntecs npoint in case Marxist. the of when even liberal colonizer, the projects, of emancipating side the is in is privilege epistemic vis-a ‘decolonization’ States descent. after United path African the this followed in that likewise America and South and Africa in cases fdlnigmast hnetetrso h ovrain n bv all, above and conversation, the of terms the change to means delinking If eikn en ocag h em n o uttecneto the of content the just not and terms the change to means Delinking h ooie onthv psei rvlgs fcus:teonly the course: of privileges, epistemic have not do colonized The 26 h otn a encagd ntemdr/ooilworld modern/colonial the in changed, been has content the e( mrfrigt o n e ain edr are reader) patient me, and you to referring am (I We -i aieAeiasadpol from people and Americans Native `-vis 25 Clnzrsd’hr means here side’ ‘Colonizer EIKN 459 DELINKING Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 6 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 460 xml mn hmi aa uad yl ntelt itet n early and sixteenth late the Chief in de-ink. Ayala to de Puma need of Waman the is loci them articulated among of and example authority expressed understanding. both intellectuals and and of Indigenous knowledge etc.) hegemony of and place, politics dominance ego-logical the a and by and theo-logical negated the been of space marks had historical geo-politics a that the the enunciations time, of and world: configuration (space modern/colonial location and historical the the of names knowledge organization spatial the n cursismaig ee o nrlto oa bet(h at) u in but body-graphical) earth), and (the object (geo-historical an embodiments to epistemic shift relation of de-colonial in a not frame implies here, the of geo-politics meaning, than Epistemic rather its agencies colonies. empire acquires and the the and of of the agents domain sphere by enacted the the imperial in in knowledge had located the of understanding that by and politics precisely, understanding knowledge ego-logical invisible, and and made knowledge and theo- of ignored subjects negated, new been of location colonial oiiso nweg n nesadn ea oeeg.B geo-graphic below) geo- displacement By develop (de-colonizing) emerge. a will a to cases, I began these toward as understanding all hegemony body-graphic, and In (and ego-logical knowledge East. and of North in politics theo- descent the similar British the of A the from from descent. well Creoles colonies Spanish American very British from within served the Creoles traced philosophy American be secular could the of orientation of and autonomy science of of need idea the century, subject, colonial vis-a vis-a the from as sovereignty of their well Creoles asserting sovereignty different. in the is, quite with that concerned were were concerns descent the Spanish centuries, to seventeenth Theo-logical the the understanding. century from and seventeenth Europe, knowledge within the of displament, of politics Theology a Ego-logical of beginning for the questioning the doors the the at and up of felt open Descartes) be sovereignty politics Shakespeare, to The Bacon, Western began transformation. century, (Cervantes, nineteenth internal subject When the an the in through world. Africa, of gone and already Arabic-Slamic the Asia has in for the imposed Europe yet be platform not or to but began the Americas, India knowledge the then, and China, Europe was, in in subjectivity understanding and on knowledge and Theo-logical of ground The control knowledge Americas) common differences. their the of the out and was played politics Protestants centuries Europe and seventeenth (Western Catholics and which world etc. sixteenth Eastern etc. Western the languages, the also Slavic during to in Christianity and and hegemony Orthodoxy Latin Greek to The Protestants, to not linked Christian say, mainly and Eastern to were while like Protestants Catholics people and as Catholics were was, Orthodox. Theo-logy There century. eighteenth homogeneous. the of half first u uhbfr h roe rmErpa ecn,Ltn rAnglos, or Latins descent, European from Creoles the before much But u nteclne,btenteedo h itet n h einn of beginning the and sixteenth the of end the between colonies, the in But -i h uhrt fteCuc.A h n fteseventeenth the of end the At Church. the of authority the `-vis -i h uoenmdr ujc as subject modern European the `-vis 27 enhsoia imperial/ historical mean I 28 in Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 rgnlmv a enas nesodb oilmvmnslk the like Caracoles. movements the in social implementation economic by and political understood their to also revolution been has Zapatista move original elnigpoet sc steoeavne ySmrAmin Samir by early conceive advanced reason, to one that sense the For not make as assimilate!! do doesn’t to (such you De- It wants projects that one assimilating. de-link? de-linking frame means are to the assimilate you want within to what assimilation you ‘assimilation’: to where of yet reverse from belong the frame you is can epistemic how linking the For, understanding. within and and knowledge de-link of liberation politics radical ego-logical the as and is, that was proposal de-linking, his instead, to and Vega, de-colonization. system than la epistemic the de emancipation within Garcilaso to remains Inca authority he closer silence. Spanish because of with de-linking fame centuries course radical quick of The four enjoys was. odds with it at paid what him he longer put and no Puma was Waman time region by this the performed but and stay organization, Machiavelli to social on that there Andean based account of not histories into is and taking proposes practices Puma the Obviously, on Waman gobierno’. but that ‘buen of govierno’ ‘nueva proposal ‘buen a the the comes from indeed, time, is, Consequently, the It of story. writing. historiography the history tell to in logic logic, delinking new coro epistemic a epistemic Spanish of truly same introduction the the a all within above mistake is Spanish it a but of correction a not otait pns ns u ssteroelnug nodrt hwta the that show full. to told order in coro never a language were ‘nueva one histories Ayala for their Spanish uses de but even Puma because ones, or Waman Spanish Arabic to contradicts Thus, or history linked Hebrew course). (not irretrievably of have tradition was Cirylic, Greco-Latin history the cannot century, appointed in writing sixteenth alphabetic have they the who not of do therefore man letters people often these Renaissance simple: of writing, people very wre indigenous arguments and them, men alphabetic missionary to The partial according have. and that, not the chronicles did missionaries the complements write that to of themselves Spaniards narratives the crooked of arrival the coro ‘nueva a Puma place, Waman first of structure basic The that honor to argument, here delinking room his in have understood and not recognized scholarly do Puma Waman I Govierno argument, my Buen and of purpose complex the Inca For adminis- under complexity. very Inca community certainly a the to critiquing Puma is belonged and Puma Waman Spaniards (Waman the reasons, tration confronting several both For positionality century. seventeenth nc’ta a eikdfo h itrorpia rcpso European of precepts historiographical the from delinked has that ´nica’ elnigcno epromd biul,wti h rm ftetheo the of frame the within obviously, performed, be cannot De-linking ? nterrlnls rcs fd-ikn,fo hi theoretical their from de-linking, of process relentless their in s a rca oetwoerlvnentol a been has only not relevance whose moment crucial a was nc’ hti,acrnceo nencvlzto before civilization Andean of chronicle a is, that ´nica’, otayt nin times ancient to contrary ? ruet sta ti eesr,i the in necessary, is it that is arguments s 31 h neacoro ‘nueva The nc’frhroeis furthermore ´nica’ h pnad were Spaniards the ? ? ? s ruetand argument s administration) s uv Coro Nueva nc’ntonly not ´nica’ EIKN 461 DELINKING 29 32 ,wr not were ), u lohis also but nc y ´nica 30 Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 6 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 462 a ob oqee,clnzd uesddadcnetdt h rnilsof principles the to Epistemic converted modernity. and which of and superseded that colonized, progress precisely instances conquered, is be modernity to of many and has outside social The of are etc.). concepts organization, Indigenous there economic language, Aymara religion, today, Islamic language, modernity western exteriority and capitalism nweg soeisac nwihtemrg sboe paddenounced. of and Geo-politics up broken ‘Others’. is mirage of but, the the is forces knowledge which other in labor of the (The instance and rhetoric one intensively, land the is of more knowledge which appropriation in and the example only lately not contemporary and justifies a ‘modern’ disqualification modernity produce continued is to The drugs knowledges Devil). pharmaceutical the ‘indigenous’ and of of knowledges work out appropriation or genocidal the believed, of simultaneous were the missionaries ‘pulling ‘extirpation’ said, Spanish of least that (e.g., story the population at Indigenous theology the the by tells of among beliefs which violence new characterized idolatry’ epistemic a and of is and awareness or removal careful or with fundamentalisms), (Khun) here (extirpation) paradigm’ foundation endorsing using modern/colonial ‘new am the I not a of (and America foundation to in historical world right very and The the theo- (Foucault). which ‘episteme’ for on terrain the fought in fracture ego-politics a produced Dussel manifesto. linking seminal hc aa uasalbcm h eeec on falsubsequent all of point reference the become shall projects. Puma Waman which pseooiso the of epistemologies eooiain hee snti h er fteepr,bti t ietor direct its in but empire, the the of of heart heart the the in and within liberation not emancipation, is out as Whoever thought well is decolonization. as is That consciousness oppression shifts. everything of control, reason that repression, of form empire: geography assumption imperial The the center). the the say, and in to all left originate the that right, illusion to Western the the have (e.g., of up and break consequences to and are necessary effects knowledges are the expansion) endured capitalist and that imperial world the of locations oe rmteeegneo h e-adbd-oiiso knowledge of body-politics and geo- the of emergence the from comes otn u o ifrn logic. different different of a offers a rhetoric Marxism not because hardly the perspective, but could Marxist de-linking within content a words, from other emancipation out In thought coloniality. radical be of logic rather the and but modernity de-linking radical h osrit fte‘pense its the in of constraints modernity the Western of frame hegemonic e-adbd-pltc fkoldeadunderstanding. and knowledge the of as here politics describe I body- that grounding and epistemic different geo- a needs delinking of e-oiiso nweg eg,eegn rmdfeethistorical different from emerging (e.g., knowledge of Geo-politics ftete-adeo oiiso nweg n nesadn r the are understanding and knowledge of politics ego- and theo- the If hlspyo Liberation of Philosophy 35 hti,teotiecetdb h htrco oent (Arabic modernity of rhetoric the by created outside the is, that : oypolitics body exteriority euiu’(.. oooi hnig,teprocess the thinking), monotopic (i.e., unique’ ´e fkoldet hc ilrtr later.) return will I which to knowledge of 17)cnadsol era oa sade- a as today read be should and can (1977) n fthe of and 33 geo h psei oain o de-linking for locations epistemic The pltc scnevdb usli his in Dussel by conceived as -politics borders nenldiversity, internal fteei no is there If . 36 hyaealso are they hs are These outside 34 ,of ), of Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 rainlmt hti ocas,wihIudrtn eea h oi of logic the as here ‘the understand on mainly, I and which also, but conceals’, out) it pointed that Dussel (as myth terror irrational of reason the as WIo aktdmcayatrtefl fteSve no.Tu,tegeo- the Thus, Union. Soviet after the of development fall the and after political modernization that democracy market civilization, in or WWII Christianity, proceed of as to rhetoric modernity whether of order the rhetoric the in from coloniality. both out of But de-linking spell logic to coloniality. a the need and we of as below), IV logic projected (part direction the and and out modernity thought be shall rnilso nweg hthv endne ytereoi of rhetoric the by denied been have democracy. market that and development, modes progress, knowledge the civilization, affirming Christianization, secular of simultaneously theology, and of reason principles location scientific geo-political constant and the the philosophy unveiling in understood of be movement shall double knowledge of Decolonization universality. ocie sa cnmcadpltcld-ikn rmteIpra States Imperial the US). from the de-linking plus countries political was Samir capitalists de-linking and European that version, Western early economic world’ (e.g., its of an In ‘polycentric politics de-linking. as the after project’. body- conceived path from uni-versal and the a radically, as geo- as proposed quite the world Amin differs, vision, ‘pluri-versal a a vision intentions toward As This good way content. when the their even lead knowledge, in knowledge of found bent politics be totalitarian organo- As the could co-exist. and reveals can knowledge ego- worlds of theo-, many body-politics which of and in geo- for world the analytics a critique, the toward of a both vision provide the principles knowledge and of critique organo-logical body-politics de-colonial a and and the geo- with the ego together knowledge and goes theo-, shift De-linking of consequences. the coloniality its and by the knowledge managed suggested from I and as ‘desprenderse delink, controlled means should one De-linking where from before. know to presupposes De-linking 1 modernity III. of side darker the Coloniality: III occludes, still and occluded knowledge geo-political visible of makes own ego-politics it reason, their and as namely ego- denied theo- been and as has the affirmed theo- that is of what reason the knowledge the expanded of geo-politic of been and geo-politics re-emergence has once The the enacted what Secondly, of created, knowledge. assumptions. affirmation that of the such politics agents is the it of by First, then. because denied relevant, twice precisely is is knowledge shown, has for wait to has colonies, indirect ata eouinwsa nhnal itrclpeoeo,a Trouillot as phenomenon, historical unthinkable an was revolution Haitian h htrco oent ok hog h moiino ‘salvation’, of imposition the through works modernity of rhetoric The ahrta postmodern than rather location meilemancipations imperial fmdriyfcssntol nreason on only not focuses modernity of hc scokdi h htrcof rhetoric the in cloaked is which , n fteraosthe reasons the of One . 38 elnigtoday De-linking EIKN 463 DELINKING 37 Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 6 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 464 pipe lihyht h mie tmgtb ad a ul nhg ua,caffeine sugar, huge on built an was society century said, English be eighteenth gave rush might drugs nicotine the it new and Empire, were the the depressant. together contrast, hit; a Taken almighty by technically uppers. from nicotine, of is stimulus equivalent of Alcohol and kind alcohol. caffeine different drug, very Glucose, a European offered traditional they a that the was was it mode ladies) 1690 among the the tea by all tobacco, taken fashion, had gentlemen the a only custom, offering 1620s by the helps in Ferguson While Niall be? life’ social snapshot: of ‘modes those would What about Giddens suffice: at Anthony should purposes by ago the the proposed as years For are modernity ten emancipation’. of How of definition Let’s general concept coin. together? a ‘rational hand, same entangled the the to coloniality the relationship of of through its logic sides first, question, the two the and and explore also modernity modernity are there of of coloniality rhetoric that rhetoric the sense of then the logic coloniality, in the without modernity, modernity of be constitutive cannot is coloniality If coloniality. hr rtlepotto flbradmsiesaetae okplace, of took celebratory trades and slave glorifying less massive is and merchants, British labor course, of of The of exploitation involving, etc.), 2006, empire. disavowal Winter brutal the humiliations, 1956, been Cesaire within wounds, where 1952, have institutions memories, Fanon (e.g., and that the be consciousness life from Caribbean sensibilities cannot of emerges and that forms that world consciousness social vision the the the in senses under produced and and perceives by that subsumed consciousness of frame eogn otemmre fteclne.I ipymasta tis it that of means fact simply simple It the colonies. of the because of ‘good’ the There memories being North. the and ego- to up to ‘better’ literally, the somewhat being belonging and of history’, of East warranty ‘an-other looking frame no While Caribbean is to ideological colonies. the belongs of the the history Ortiz but, within colonial of knowledge, empire available sensibilities of the story and politics of an the memories not sensibilities tells the is and Ferguson within Ortiz’s memories from phenomenon. the rather, same inside the from of observation observation sardonic, although nte14s ua nhoooitFrad ri aeasimilar, a made Ortiz Fernando anthropologist Cuban 1940s, the In oain u o h oetlae t ao hrceitc aeystowed box. geographical safely block characteristics initial This a major which an its in influence. with leaves and away moment and their the onwards period for in but time century worldwide location, a with less seventeenth modernity or the associates more emerged about became which organization from subsequently or life Europe social of in modes to refers ‘Modernity’ ... htpol iems bu hs e rg tbcoaogmen, among (tobacco drugs new these about most like people What uhnal vroecudexperience. could everyone nearly rush a 39 concept ota vr lwmnhdhis had man plow every that so fmdriyadte explore then and modernity of 40 an - other Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 n ytehsoyo ooilt,Otzobserved: Ortiz coloniality, of history the by and o rne ntewyo ieo miebidn htcaatrzdEgadin of England century: characterized seventeenth aspect that the empire-building one of of and, half taken life reveals perhaps of second humans and way Williams the Ferguson the considered and in Eric Giddens been granted both for interests. by not overlooked have is have that not modernity Indians could or therefore, Blacks because denied nte a ora noiett oiis lhuhlmtdi t edtoward of bend expression its universal. in the singular limited the although as Alain politics, for is identity search of into apartheid, his read supporters and to Eric way politics enthusiastic Afro-Antiguan Another identity to offend of turn may critique I Badiou’s remember), characterization should Ferguson His I and egotistic British, Giddens Williams. by are offered and whom descriptions of the celebratory (both the forgetfulness in by and individuals in oblivion, other tended for notes, Europeans Indians. and in Ortiz at Blacks disregard but particularly as Ferguson, as colonies, by well reported time, as hand create individualism one question same the in on celebration, stimulants the and the joy violence, of incites feelings which alcohol, to Contrary the From other. the on body) (and of geo ego-politics the and and theo- modernity, the hand is of of What ‘underside’ one within Ferguson. coexistence the of argued and conflictive on Giddens is way the knowledge of is that an-other narratives briefly, content is the stake, historical underlies it at of that all, critique logic same above a the simply But, not Ferguson. and or knowing Giddens than modernity ofrhrbigt ih h iec fteclne uidudrteveil the under buried colonies the of silence the light to bring further To oac ece h hita ol ln ihtervltoso the its crumbling of with were epoch, revolutions Ages modern Middle the the the with and when along Reformation, the world and Christian Renaissance the reached Tobacco odnwr ervdo hi oooyo h xottaei cloth, in trade export the of impetus monopoly their the of was deprived Stuarts were trade of the London free Revolution of Glorious of expulsion the principle of the consequences and important 1688 most the of One ihetuis n hnsueyi ihilsosadbsilt,as bestiality, and drunkenness.[ to illusions lead with that drinks it alcoholic it old stupefy intoxicate the not then should with that happens and stimulant enthusiasm harmless some with of help the needed that otnn a ed osv h prtaiyo esnfo unn tefotand out itself burning more. that from once when reason came’, due of time their ‘the spirituality senses when the the Europe save not revive give to to is ready devil spirit, was the the by continent of earth as the well of as corners senses the of interests. stimulants without them of all World, reason h onietlapaac fteefu xtcpout nteOld the in products exotic four these of appearance coincidental The tre n eubdb hooy orvv n reitself, free and revive to theology, by benumbed and starved ti stog hyhdbe ett uoefo h four the from Europe to sent been had they though as is It ntesm erteMrhn detrr of Adventurers Merchant the year same the In . 41 rm hti,tefrso osiuns hpdin shaped consciousness of forms the is, that from, ua interests human rationalism 42 a einn.Oemysay may One beginning. was , hthv enhistorically been have that EIKN 465 DELINKING tgv othe to gave it ... ]. Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 6 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 466 daim htte‘ainlcneto mniain t s Dussel’s Habermas use Jurgen (to together. came emancipation’ of modernity of of rhetoric concept idea the ‘philosophical the ‘rational in between and and with philosophy of the complicity in formulation) is from modernity the that elements It ‘salvage’ coloniality. from linked of idealism’ two to logic modernity, the like has are and would of modernity that intellectuals emancipation horror progressive rationality the and most this the that rationality understand modernity fully to since to Alternatives return order body in emancipation and In Brazil). enacted let’s geo understanding. is or the and point, that on knowledges Africa building knowledge of and South of politics delinking principle presupposes India, the same instead, in (e.g., modernity, the understanding and is locations knowledge it different of that politics sense discourse. Ego particular precise the as a within ego- insofar the to thinkable Ferguson, and and restricted are theo- Giddens is the like perspective those from by their mainly) inhabited perhaps knowledge and of are only politics come peaks cannot mountain (or different come two from and Giddens lake are by Ortiz. the modernity surrounded and of at waves while Williams lake the lake, looking the and the while Sailing fish and horizon. Ferguson the horizon the water, the not the see but see mountain mountains lake the the of inhabiting peak those the from look who hnyuaeloiga tfo h o ftemutissronigit. surrounding mountains then, the eyes, the of of top question than a it the only of on from not also of sailing are but it are modernity ego-politics at on you perspectives when looking the geo- Different different the are of looks of you consciousness lake consciousness the when A from knowledge. the it of see of from Ortiz politics view a and in empire offer Williams stage Ferguson while the and of knowledge at Giddens modernity’ all. arrive and for all of be when modernity ‘advance will Iraq) equality the in and with policy justice US which ‘corrected’ land, today’s of be (e.g., appropriation supposedly democracy exploitation, and will that slavery, which in the like but of and, things’ modernity all From coloniality ‘bad only the see needed shadow, perspective). you be England, the only From to Caribbean coloniality. not continues without the modernity modernity and and that from seen was the the as coloniality see narrated have (e.g., events you modernity/coloniality we the and Caribbean, and (e.g., Ortiz, seen perspective) modernity and British of events the Ferguson stories from partial through narrated the Williams, of to spectrum Giddens From Alternatives ntesaetaedfe rmtefedmacre nohrtrades other in accorded man. freedom abrogated was the was from involved differ Company trade Muscovy slave the the free. in made of Russia monopoly to the trade and later year a and consciousness to oent,a hs orbifeape hw cannot show, examples brief four these as modernity, 43 n fpyia oainadpwrdifferential power and location physical of and nyi n atclrddtefedmaccorded freedom the did particular one in Only constitutive fmdriy hr sno is There modernity. of lentv modernities Alternative h commodity the those to Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 xlisteiprac fteRfraini ee’ ocp fphilosophical of concept Hegel’s in Reformation modernity: the of importance the explains hlspygap h efcncos(rsl-nwn)idea. self-knowing) (or times modern self-conscious in that do) the argument we Hegel’s what grasps of (e.g., responsibility philosophy itself (e.g., individualism, philosophy action subjectivity’: idealistic or of autonomy and freedom criticism, is to world right modern the the of of freedom principle think, Hegel’s ‘the in ‘I and dictum, subject self-reflexivity. Descartes transcendental critical Kant’s and in in subjectivity detachment am’, to autonomous its I more sought therefore and until freedom more became secularization individual Luther The by through Church Reformation. the lack within the degree from with some self-reflexivity’ began ‘critical and that subjectivity’ thereof of a ‘freedom easy was to is it ‘transition’ Reformation and how self-reflexivity the emancipation see critical of of modernity, to emergence idea the philosophical the for of break-through to crucial rise terms becomes that gave Ego-politics In which and century, Theo- Reformation. eighteenth modernity, of the intersection of particular in the concepts later, at historical look we and if apparent the philosophical in the be the to by with enough problem lucky the not precisely are is who which those the where for present, appears, to new modernity the the pre-global of of once the that, rhetoric out from is vanishes ‘transition’ ‘transition’ within of old a idea expected the the see be with to could problem to time, The as began global. of prefers, pre-global concept the Schmitt which modern the of for global. in of the the turn as French moment discovery by the radical the well re-articulated for and the a (as signposts be Renaissance the as the Hegel and as with conceived World for 1500 New is Enlightenment that around modernity begins note that the historical to events (1952), interesting World. Reformation, Schmitt indeed New events Carl the is of the It configuration of of Revolution. three-part discovery consists the (different) the in a that and has others events: landmark modernity Reformation and three Philosophical the Renaissance Hegel, the Renaissance, for in has, the modernity modernity Historical place explain Enlightenment. might theorists modernity some philosophical modernity. and of why historical dimensions between philosophical disjunction the who The Hegel from to historical modernity the and distinguishes modernization of conceptualization the attributes aemsudrcrsfu onttosascae ihHglsie that idea Hegel’s with associated connotations four underscores Habermas framed discourse of universe the to belongs emancipation of concept The usle.Aantfihi h uhrt fpecigadtradition, own and his preaching upon relying by of subject posited the authority something of the authority into the in divine subjectivity asserted the of Protestantism faith of solitude Against world the the ourselves. in reflective: changed became faith was religious Luther, With time and n why and history oeforward. move h ocp feacpto mre rmthe from emerged emancipation of concept the EIKN 467 DELINKING 45 Habermas space the 44 Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 6 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 468 h rnilso oiia hoyadpltcleooyta eeeegn in emerging were the that of economy and political and independence theory the political of ‘natural’ of leaders seemed principles what sense. the the for made colonies, opted Hegel Spanish nation-states whom emerging the hooked for in and England, configuration least Spain and imperial At from Germany epistemic Creoles independence and France, the politic of from population, economic, imported way from the new the of elite the led to sector Creole/Mestizo themselves who that a elite fact, which by Mestizo in in and ‘their administered was, It slaves life powers maintain oppressed descent. European social as European could of self-reflexivity’ of ‘critical serfs people spheres their or and the Indigenous subjectivity’ African-brought of of and freedom and one Afro-descendents precisely, people Africans, was, Indigenous have not Nature by may And nature slaves. acclaimed of ‘freedom’. disenchantment philosophical or enthusiastically the need enslaved and been not been science of may of have freedom serfdom celebration of who Hegel’s Hegel’s position Individuals with a nature? identify and into Indians of should forced Catholic that sixteenth or disenchantment sense Christian could the and the in descent spirit and during them African of (and Monarchic all of for World people by ‘speaking’ New Hegel coercion was the But, Nahuatls, powers. experienced in Quechuas, etc., also Aymara, Haiti, repeated century) in Certainly, everyone of slaves mechanisms. good African restrictive the and for same and and planet Monarchic ascending subjectivity’ the the of the philosophers an around ‘freedom from self-reflexivity’ of enlightenment of exportation subjectivity’ ‘critical the their experience of coercion, (and particular Catholic ‘freedom Christian it Hegel the wanted made that on that that bourgeoisie reflecting fact coloniality. is, class were the that is modernity, social economists) of of it the side once spite other and emancipation the In to of experience blindness concept the historical (b) the necessary, of the limits emancipation’. make from me the of allows detached (a) the modernity concept underside: of reveal rational its concept to Hegel’s visible ‘the necessary of called view elements celebratory Dussel the Habermas’ what of most behind contain rhetoric paragraphs two These a stesbtniebsso h tt [ state the preexisting of historically basis against substantive will bones. Code the of Napoleonic mere as freedom the Saints law and of the Man principle of of Rights the relics the validated of the Declaration dough, the simply too, Then, was host the insight: ean tnigi hc ei thm;h sfe hog the through free is that he only home; and it, at in is nature’. home with he at gained has which is he man in acquaintance laws; standing system now recognized subject a remains knowing and was nature the known for liberates disallowed: it of were that miracles which all time science, Hegel], same objectifying [writes for the all at of nature first disenchants true holds This culture. modern utemr,tepicpeo ujciiydtrie h om of forms the determines subjectivity of principle the Furthermore, 46 ... ] h apiain of ‘application’ the ‘Thus . Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 u,rte,t h hlspyo ieain oidgnu n fosocial Afro and indigenous the to Hegel coloniality, to liberation, meaningful the of of events put philosophy by perspective we the constituted If to the be rather, decolonization. not in will but, of here modernity grammar clear frame of the historical two toward ideals as Dussel step knowledge Reynaga, of emancipating crucial geo-politics Fausto the a liberation of and question of took the time Fanon up the opening Frantz African arrived, By examples). has (e.g., from modernity which people decolonization time, While their and and for ‘emancipation’. population waiting were indigenous earlier descent the by ties emancipation, the from maintained extolled ‘liberation’ for complicities calls knowledge, and of geo-politics the via liberation, htrco h ol oilFrma ela h aaits f‘another of Zapatistas, the as co-exist. will well worlds as the following many Forum possibility, the which Social the and in and for World modernity space world’ practice) up the of open rhetoric of to and the order rhetoric in rhetoric mind) of coloniality the complicity of neo-liberal (of totalitarian logic De-colonization from the its phenomenon. that inherited same unveil belief in the beliefs must the and of as all one well set are above as ‘economy’ the Science under (and and living Philosophy ‘capitalism’ by of still secularized still are is and we decolonization Theology Epistemic since knowledge. essence of ego-politics the and theo- the of nhrdbt h e n oypltc fkoldeadte hl become Ottobah shall Quobna they and and knowledge Puma of body-politics Waman and like geo or Voices the what both of second. anchored name the the knowledge In Ottobah Spanish ignored. of Quobna the or of silenced in grounds? and what were Ayala century on Ghana, de seventeenth British early Puma in the Waman Cugoano in of Peru it that of and expanding like Viceroyalty and expansion voices, modernity conceiving Dissenting colonial about from West. concerned voices not the Dissenting were Enlightenment. six colonies Renaissance, European the the of of the the one and series there in formation, originate from leading capitalist the would and them as countries Portugal of and all ‘modernity’ European Spain England, and to conceived France Italy Germany, that from to place voices taking main events historical the of biography rne nln n h US. the and England France, pseooia,mltrl) u twsa h pseooia ee htthe political, that (economic, level currency. epistemological levels gained the all modernity at at was of it structured rhetoric but power course, militarily), modern/colonial of epistemological, The rhetoric state. the was, letters, the of noted, men differential of European has officers by Dussel forward intellectuals, put philosophers, as predominantly been colonies, has modernity the and of with France entangled of web inextricably political the Germany. England, of of net hands philosophical Spain economic the from the emancipation in since them partially put only although applied, ‘emancipation’ o h eooilshift decolonial the for lhuhmdriyi o ipyaErpa hnmnnadis and phenomenon European a simply not is modernity Although fte-oiiso nweg h is n h ego-politics the and first the knowledge of theo-politics of htPaoadAittewr o h foundation the for were Aristotle and Plato what 47 o h roeMsioeie h term the elite, Creole/Mestizo the For 48 fw a iet oit the into go to time had we If 49 hs uslspiooh of philosophy Dussel’s Thus, EIKN 469 DELINKING Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 7 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 470 miead fe h akcnuis eeegdi h ain ih of light Roman radiant was juncture the the politics. that and identity at in simple emerged Greece the and re-emerged that to in pure civilization centuries, on back themselves Western based of dark locate trace idea to could the The order Antiquity. they after in that Renaissance and, Ages European history Empire Middle the a the in of the letters of present in of idea foundations men the Greco-Latin Hence, invented and position. religion elevated and Christian most languages thought, imperial) of (indeed, categories relied ‘vernacular’ transition languages progressive contemporary a placed of pinnacle the the as on modernity of conception The of modernity. of ‘freedom side III.2 oppression, the darker whose of the in experience as people their events fore from the these of need to a of comes ‘experience’, as inscription coloniality formed the been the has From bodies, subjectivity’ it.) intellectual, and and and have activist perspective memories are would Afro-Andean the memories as Garcia, the ‘ancestry’, as that Juan shared in projects. same some complementary Andean in the and or grounded compatible are Afro-Caribbean however, and project) are, Indigenous They political critical pro- and of modernity/coloniality (either consciousness scholarly or liberation consciousness a of philosophy and as the perspective like dissident quickly Creole/Mestizo or me imperial the let questions, that the unnecessary preempt clarify imperial to example, and order for European (In voiced, project. America be to coloniality would that subservient South Jose factions dissident was to by in rise latter gave still elite the it ‘dependent power, While and Mestizo/Creole ambiguous Islands. the the Amaru Caribbean as Tupac the of well place as can independence’ Revolution the we as Haitian frame, well the that (as Within Americas insurgency, the etc. of Forum), Forum Social modernity/coloniality Social World the the to project, Caribbean, political the and scholarly in thought critical to movements, nhscasclbo on shows book Fabian Johannes classical As of his progress. narratives and the in emancipation for crucial salvation, were as difference modernity colonial temporal the of institution ifrnebcm paettwr h n fteegtet etr nthe in century eighteenth the of end the of idea toward apparent became difference piiie’ h pta ooildfeec okdtruhtecnetof concept the through worked difference colonial spatial the ‘primitives’, oteRnisneadudrtn is h ooiaino pc n the and space of colonization the back first step to understand necessary of and is it construction Renaissance modernity, of the narrative the to in co-evalness of denial the calls Fabian what ftetmoa ifrnewsepesdtruhtento of notion the through expressed was difference temporal the If alsMaria Carlos ´ primitives ooiaino pc n time and space of colonization h pta ooildifference colonial spatial the wihwudrpaetepeiu oinof notion previous the replace would (which eilo co-evalness of denial tgia ela ntecneprr modernity/ contemporary the in as well as ´tegui ieadteOther the and Time ocet artv fdfeec that difference of narrative a create to e,t rl rs h oe fthe of power the grasp truly to Yet, . 50 . h ooiaino ieadthe and time of colonization The 18) h eprlcolonial temporal the (1982), barbarians n in and ) Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 artv fmdriyadtasae h brain’it piiie’by ‘primitives’ into ‘barbarians’ the translated and modernity to of wanted narrative and today. it as terrorists and envied conception anti-Christianity, the as who defined resembles clearly those such is of barbarism Christianity, Oppositional type of it. destroy fifth as enemies described a as and four however, barbarians previous was, the contraria from There distinguished barbarie Casas terms. Las Dussel’s that barbarian in alterity European history from without but Age), Middle European efudi h rtnso h oiia ra Bartolome Friar his colonial Dominican of the section of spatial final writings later the pre-existing in The found discourse. be the contemporary actor. in work in evil to continue dimension its ideas underlying would Both difference temporal sixteenth century difference. eighteenth colonial the the the in ‘primitives’ spatial in incorporate into ‘barbarians’ the ‘barbarians’ the of to the translation of gave re-conceptualization century The hierarchies. epei h mrcsadBakArcn) lal,the Clearly, Africans). Black and Indigenous (like Americas all wrong at the differenc the ‘religion’ had no in on), had later or point people Chinese) nature starting Moors, of a government, Jews, state as (like in of take religion lived would area they Locke and the because Hobbes writing is, in (that alphabetic That something Casas, and barbarism). Latin Las ‘lacked’ of (negative for who knowledge negativa’ common, those ‘barbarie in were had as types ‘barbarians’ understood four he the what What was barbarians. of types four i a netaprle term) Jews, parallel a ranked. Pachaists invent and Quechua can described and I Aymaras classified, Sintoists, (if be Japanese the Buddhists, would by of Chinese religions regions grounded Moors, people, other Philosophy the which and Secular through world Voice and Master its Theology the secular modernity. formed of hegemonic, affirmed Christianity. Christianity and rhetoric became the to however, (theo-politics) and they concept superior As the Theology Christianity, over were took Christian century, (ego-politics) belief philosophy capitalism. equally sixteenth of with with the believed systems complicity also in their Islamic) religion and that Beginning their (Arabs a of reasons build Moors superiority and and good believed identity Jews the own others. on their over based the define politics of in to identity who, narrative ones attempting uni-versal a only were construct the not century, to were sixteenth began Christians Western languages Christians course, an Western Western Of in as themselves. vernacular located arose were and barbarians who Latin of those idea in to reconceived refer The to space. century inferior sixteenth the in modified but barbarians nteegtet etr,tecneto piiie a nrdcdi the in introduced was ‘primitive’ of concept the century, eighteenth the In h ai rm o h itet etr trto fte‘abras can ‘barbarians’ the of iteration century sixteenth the for frame basic The a osrce o ntebssof bases the on not constructed was e nie ae rmteGeklnug n itrclexperience, historical and language Greek the from taken idea an , epewtothsoywr oae nsae h non- the space, in located were history without People . opstoa abrs) a aa dniidoppositional identified Casas Las barbarism). (oppositional plg´iaHsoi Sumaria Apologe´tica Historia 51 o-uoenhsois rbte e,fo people from yet, better or histories, non-European eepae nsbevetlvl nthose in levels subservient in placed were rvosErpa history European previous ( circa 52,LsCssidentified Casas Las 1552), eLsCss nthe In Casas. Las de ´ pta colonial spatial EIKN 471 DELINKING eg,the (e.g., Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 7 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 472 mdriy ohnnErpasadhsoia uoen alike. Europeans historical and pre- non-Europeans that modernity. life both of of rhetoric ‘modernity’ way the a of not invention is an ‘Tradition’ but ‘modernity’ knowledge. dated of enunciation of locus inside rcsl tti ucinta alMr,wrigo h itr fcapital, accumulation’ of history ‘original the of on working concept Marx, Karl the that junction invented this at precisely nln n emn otetimhlpeeto oent a nHegel’s in of France, (as spatial conquest boost modernity history). and to of of order present ‘discovery philosophy in triumphal the the Ages the in Europe, Middle to lesson the Germany of to and history closer England the located were in America’ twist and By space colonies. existing added of already the center an the very from the on and at built Revolution in and Industrial time and the placed Europe had of Marx then, history the within accumulation n pta ooildfeecs yctgrzn h nedvlpdworld underdeveloped the of categorizing rhetoric By temporal the the differences. re-organize of of colonial to concepts invented versions spatial The were concepts powers. and new both imperial as are Western insofar of modernity underdevelopment history and the development in leader new the hywr netd hywr osrce rcsl ytereoi of rhetoric the its by in but precisely modernity constructed course, outside Of outside not and were invented. is been They beliefs ‘Tradition’ to modernity. modernity. have invented! of that but outside were ‘discovered’ themselves set and by they they and exist whole ‘primitives’ when not Europe celebrated do a Thus, later ‘traditions’ outside to Europe. were ‘objects’ Constructivists applied Western hand Ironically, as in that beyond appeared hand traditions went society ‘traditions’ people of of to applied idea organization as ‘primitives’ the of behind being with lag concept to were The began into growing primitives time. Giddens), modernity/coloniality) but in a (per of space, in stage life of coexisted first ‘Barbarians’ of the process ‘primitives’. the modes (per the ‘barbarians’ European both from In the of translated to in exigencies too. respond not And and did people that styles to Asia. societies were ‘behind’ beginning South the there were consciousness’, ‘modern-time England through Asia, and and tentacles and bloom Holland full Americas Africa. commercial in from was their of trade plantations) of and extend slave exploitation age’ (mines the the World ‘new was it Europe, New with knowledge Christian the the of of of entering history reaches ego-politics the linear was the the modernity/coloniality in when Enlightenment, and century, itself seventeenth affirming the of end gso gis h ptal on abras u gis ‘tradition’. Middle against the but barbarians, to bound contradistinction spatially simple difference. the in against colonial or longer spatial Ages no former defined the was of ‘Modernity’ dimension temporal a incorporating h pta n eprlclna ifrne ondfre oeplotof out expel to forces joined differences colonial temporal and spatial The twudb ayt olwti artv pt h eatclto fthe of re-articulation the to up narrative this follow to easy be would It h usd f‘rdto’i netdi re oisr h niea the as inside the insure to order in invented is ‘tradition’ of outside The . and netdb h htrco oent ntepoeso creating of process the in modernity of rhetoric the by invented temporal ooildfeecsatrWI,we h Setrdas entered US the when WWII, after differences colonial eprladsailclna differences colonial spatial and temporal 54 n okda both at looked and exteriority 53 52 :Itis twas It ythe By .As the an Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 enswoaei oiint er n dp h hita otie he doctrine, Christian the adopt and human learn are to ‘Indians’ that position building Thus, argue a to society. territory in devoted like are their Casas who Spanish/Christian Las in beings pages already a many were had creating the Incas Christians and despite and Aztecs Spanish centuries. institutions Ottomans the sixteenth of and the European and economy fifteenth as dismantled and the and society of been the had half all, second Islam above the like And, no from had Christianity have contrast, to against in Cordoba, learned Incas, fighting Western and in of of Aztecs superiority that Empire the The history of to century. Islamic accomplishments threat mid-sixteenth real the in the a of Christians posed aware of then, been Ottomans, have sophistication sixteenth The must the society. the he of Roman Seville, middle of Holy and the the in Granada signs of presence Emperor vivid of still V, on the century the was of Charles Empire, because above, And, Ottoman not Empire. the if been of have with, the Sultan may footing Haiti, Magnificent, he today equal the are assume what in Suleyman can in ourselves we that also put Mexico), aware and Aztec to Southern Spain effort and in and an lived Republic Inca make (he Dominican we century. place the If and sixteenth play. time in the Casas at of people Las be beginning must the the difference at as the different co-existed and A hierarchy all Ottoman though same the even of the Empires, inhabitants in the empires place not Islamic did as he early barbarism’, as ‘negative work at if was location difference its of century. understand construction sixteenth only another the can that of We note rhetoric coloniality? make the of in we Haitian French logic Revolution the the Russian the of the and and paradigm of US modernity same location the the the Glorious, was within What the less was Revolution. even than course, it paradigm of same Consequently, And the enterprises. Revolutions. in pro-private wasn’t instead of it The socialist instead and although Worlds. enlightenment, pro-State vs. the liberals liberal, Third of modernity, of consequence within and a struggle of was a Second it feud, rhetoric socialists: family First, the a was locations: by Revolution Russian complemented geo-historical as of Revolution underdeveloped) Russian ranking and the of a (developed through started time break that the differences the with colonial and the before, the temporal bifurcation: century of in and of point But spatial quarter crucial 1982). a the the reached (Pletsch of modernity reason, ago as re-distribution of very rhetoric culture, years the but many that War philosophy argued Cold For or convincingly science knowledge. Pletsch produce and Carl not spirit did also world in world, underdeveloped industrialized ‘behind’ highly rest being a the in implies incorporates ‘Underdeveloped’ and also experience. it development human economy, of of of idea weight very the carries the underdevelopment Although indistinguishable. became World ohas both aea vdnetefc htwe a aa ecie h ortpsof types four the described Casas Las when that fact the evidence as Take behind translation ntm and time in fteRsinit h oitEpr n h htrcof rhetoric the and Empire Soviet the into Russian the of far nsae h nedvlpdadteThird the and underdeveloped the space, in EIKN 473 DELINKING Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 7 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 474 aa n eie h e ytmo lsiiain Hsoyi eea is general in ‘History classification: of in Las of Spirit system rewrote march of new Hegel the development F. the the and W. therefore progress defined George of and ground. terms gaining Casas in was measured civilization, ‘time’ Western of idea the century, euvd.Toeihbtnso ein atadSuho uoewr not by were defended Europe war of just South and the East in regions naı as of considered by punishment inhabitants guidance need Those physical who Sepulveda. children not of and innocence the ‘conversion’ them in seeing avoid couldn’t na uigeie wt hmh i o aedrc otc,lk Corte like contact, direct and have Aztecs not the On did that Christians. not Casas, he the were Las whom of Pizarro), by (with view even elites of considered, ruling point never Incas the Spanish was although but from it equals, way god territory, contrary, among ‘wrong’ their the the were the from they had Indians in that ‘Moors’ Moors the recognized the the colonial to and expelled relation them, was Spain colonized in slaves. never it themselves African defined and, the letters and Ottomans; of differences men the and and relations and missionaries their defined Islam Church and with crown Spanish the of agents both as simultaneously antb ooie.Adge fifroiyi trbtdt h ‘imperial the language, of to (because considered, considered attributed is being somewhat is it etc.) that inferiority in history, colonized that of religion, been etc., not degree states, has that A people, other’ languages, colonized. regions, be to cannot them an applying of and center difference the sixteenth as the and Christian. of Rome’ Orthodox half Third but first ‘The empire, the as The during emerging ‘contrarian redefined that it. Casas’ was known Las Moscow destroy have to century, to may peripheral he wanting been but have and barbarism’, may have Christianity Empire may may Russian Christianity threatening Russia Orthodox emerging those though hegemonic. even among and radar Casas’ canonical not been Las became were did of who on out Russia letters ending been later of in have men that the events Renaissance The stories Christian But the of with beginning. Empire. interests become telling their and would life chronologically, at Russian what the was in Both coincided, count rising Russian Peninsula. Iberian and Horde the the Spanish from the to Moors Golden the for of attention the difficult expulsion been pay of have would to domination It difference. Casas imperial Las the within Russia locate itet oteedo h ihenhcnuy h toa mieadthe and of Empire frame Ottoman the the the in century, from eighteenth but, remained Africa; the world and of Asia Islamic end in the expansion the to colonial to of sixteenth subjected wave be second would the East began Middle the difference and Africa colonial North of worlds Islamic hs ol a htsailtmoa ifrnems eseen be must difference spatial/temporal that say would I Thus, The imperial ¨ eo nqa u,mrl,mistaken. merely, but, unequal or ve ifrnewrsb sn oeo h etrso h colonial the of features the of some using by works difference ae ni h ieenhcnuywe rneadEngland and France when century nineteenth the in on later just marginal ua ensbut beings human meiladcolonial and imperial (space). behind 55 Time ytebgnigo h nineteenth the of beginning the By tm)i itr r fispeetis present its if or, history in (time) equal meildifference imperial sNtr stedvlpetof development the is Nature as , twsipra ntewythe way the in imperial was It . ua ens h rbcand Arabic The beings. human ecnlikewise can We . sor ´s Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 n h lvncKingdoms Slavonic the and ailpnao.Hnigo sn ogritrse ndescribing in interested ethno- longer the of no leg fifth is the as Huntington emerged Hispanics/Latino/as they ethno-racial asking pentagon. how in the interested and racial was were remaps Hollinger Hispanics ago, the Huntington years who the Ten America). of 1995). re-drawing the (Hollinger to the (Latin of pentagon refreshing with give how tandem difference whether see in to to works colonial begin East) can hesitant You (Middle is West). difference the he imperial in (as place years a America Ten America Latin Latin capitalism. the with mercantile at countries difference for East, industrialized colonial century Middle for sixteenth the became the of oil after idea in when the was of century, gold invention twentieth what the the conceptualization that of fact Western turn the growing Add life. the of at voices but, he glories, Orientalism imperial time of same recognition the the civilization’ ‘Islamic of description omadpreut h oncinwt Asia’, with connection the perpetuate word and Europe the of form occupied states countries that northeastern Latin implications The history. the South. of heavy the philosophy Reason, to the the to margins in geo- all the lessons Kant’s proximity his with and to in to has France Sublime), (similar according ‘heart’ placed the Europe planet of Hegel and the ‘heart’ time), Beautiful of the (in classification as nation Germany, political first to the next as England space) (in Germany a o perda nidpneteeeti h eiso hssta Reason that phases of series World’. entire the the in this in element it assumed Yet independent hitherto has an because Reason. as considerations, appeared Occidental our not from of has some excluded sphere to remains peoples have the of Slavonics within body even the Poles drawn and ‘the Turks; been that the example, extent for from added, Vienna he beleaguered when liberated history universal in places of past htrco oent ntetetehcnuy u ol nietereader the invite would I but Huntington’s Samuel century, of twentieth think the Europe). to in and modernity century of seventeenth defined rhetoric in Giddens (e.g. present as space that precisely, and inhabit ‘modern’, time be to both to desire in space, the in it desire; location of difference. Hegelian that object The imperial and thought: the the time and was of felt Europe mechanism Russians and of the Poles heart is what Such side, other don’t. the you Imagine now it, see you h dain Idea the hyaes.If so. are they sai ol fe h alo h oitUnion. Soviet the of the fall with the difference after imperial/colonial world the Islamic re-articulates Huntington as (2004) utemr,Hgludrcrdtetm-pc itiuinadterole the and distribution time-space the underscored Hegel Furthermore, . onthv iehr oepoeoeo h aetsae fti same this of stages latest the of one explore to here time have not do I h ls fCivilization of Clash The Space’. h ls fCivilization of Clash The fAa neirt ae nterlnug,rlgosadways and religions language, their on based inferiority Arab of 56 are nhsr-reigo iesaeadhsefr olocate to effort his and time/space of re-ordering his In u ndmntaigthat demonstrating in but , 58 utntnwn nt empadrfehthe refresh and re-map to on went Huntington , They ae‘aeit h eiso itrclSae,and States, historical of series the into ‘late came h ls fCivilization of Clash The were eisrbdWsenhgmncidentity hegemonic Western re-inscribed n iutnosythey simultaneously and 57 59 hc sw know we as which hr s nHuntington’s in is, There hyare they 19)and (1995) a threat oad Russia Poland, EIKN 475 DELINKING eenot were h r we are Who n why and si the in is now ; since who Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 7 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 476 politics. emnui)freadipr ihnpriua e-oiia ein.A in As designs. geo-political word particular Borges’ the within Luis which import Jorge in and meaning of force universe hermeneutic) the and consciousness means of form the of ore fato,tescn rtetiducoe ah eoera as real become paths unchosen third the or second worlds the possible action, ‘modern of the courses avoid to be should the point language, The of of matrix grab. question ‘colonial any for the with that up Is expectation’ As ‘modernity’? ‘coloniality’? are as than answers same here? same emerges the the question logic world’ the terminological power’ is A modern what work? But ‘the it imperial Huntington. does the and Is Hegel how story, Casas, and the Las of coloniality that in half of find tells modernity; also Dussel) we of by that Ju earlier half constitutive (and quoted is Giddens as coloniality. Taylor coloniality me without Charles allows that modernity which no claim coloniality, is of strong there logic the the been with have make hand I to in distinctions, hand various goes its the here, with in it arguing modernity Blacks and of define Indians as rhetoric of well The we history as Americas). marginalized mestizos, (if and and exploited world Creoles oppressed, dissidents modern/colonial from the of letters, consciousness of of the critical men inception the or European the through by historians) at told instituted and narratives was the intellectuals which to (according articulated power, and world of has ‘modern’ organized matrix Quijano colonial Anibal are the sociologist as differences Peruvian what imperial/colonial through interwoven and spatial/temporal The III.3 politics, artv htteie f‘eouin a togapa si niae radical indicates it as appeal strong a has ‘revolution’ of changes idea the that narrative atrd nheai h itet etr,adfo ufnt ati the in Kant to ‘ Buffon term from the and preferred Hegel, century, to sixteenth and the century, eighteenth in Ame Anghiera from d’ years, intellectuals, while 250 Martir Crown and least Spanish letters at the of For of of for men recognized. matter name non-Spanish be administrative good a to the As a while was the a ‘new’. Occidentales’ and took ‘Indias the for name history of a as idea power of ‘America’ the motor fact, progressive’ introduced a ‘discovery’ ‘modernity’s The is transformation. humankind. of ‘newness’ historical its modernity, celebration ‘colonial in of term constant and the perspective structure what logical the of synonyms. its From specification as in the not both but is means complex, power’ world’ historical of same matrix the ‘colonial of The part as power’ of matrix hs hoet nesadte‘oenclna ol’ad‘colonial and world’ ‘modern/colonial the understand to choose I Thus, enn snta‘revle u elcino ontv eitmcand (epistemic cognitive of reflection a but value’ ‘true a not is Meaning . 60 owr oadnewness toward forward h r we? are Who . hr sawr htcristetu enn ftething the of meaning true the carries that word a is there h adno okn Path Forking of Garden The ostesm ihAgoSxnhgmncidentity hegemonic Anglo-Saxon with same the does hc speieytereoi fmodernity. of rhetoric the precisely is which , neyuslc n fthree of one select you once , rg epcit Pietro to Vespucci ´rigo New ¨ gnHbra and Habermas rgen ol’ ti nthis in is It World’. instead Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 lc nIaywti etr hitaiy utie ytrestrong three by Genoa), sustained and Christianity, Florence Western (Venice, taking was within centers Renaissance European Italy commercial the transforma- in While the and circuits. and commodities place commercial Atlantic of the the production of to the tion Mediterranean in changes the qualitative from the power economic of transference atro at h oenclna ol antb ocie xetas a except As conceived today. it be know co- cannot we and world as co-exist modern/colonial ‘capitalism’ capitalist they the of simultaneously on, the fact, formation and century of the modernity on sixteenth matter of well the world rhetoric as From modern/colonial the depend coloniality. between the of complicity of and the logic Renaissance anchors changed by European fundamental Americas together The two the held history. were of internal World own colonization New Europe’s the of and course Spain the of foundation imperial aiaitaporaino ad xliaino ao n cuuaino elhin wealth of accumulation and labor hands of fewer exploitation and fewer land, of appropriation capitalist a riuae nadul rn:sprtdfo h ideAe,i the the in in located, Ages, were Middle barbarians the of the where from idea Americas, axis. separated the the very spatial Europe front: of with of The and double emergence possible axis horizon. the a temporal was which on European in market articulated narratives the global the was in in a invented for ‘Americas’ was today, ‘modernity’ scale the it production new of and know a labor, emergence The on of we Americas’. exploitation commodities of as the massive conquest of capitalist lands, not economy, and of existing ‘discovery was capitalist appropriation the already massive it a without an existed that contrary, have into stated couldn’t the Americas Wallerstein goes On the West and economy. the integrated Quijano of that that up. expansion capitalism ‘discovery’ the not of which and history in Wallerstein was sidewise moment case than structural this rather the in And coloniality, break illuminated left. epistemic of American spatial Latin concept The model the the model). a to a unimaginable by as and imagined history invisible been in European was have capitalism takes to could that feudalism only history from that of transition question a nonsense was (a there America whether to as seventies, n oent/ooilt en osiuieg oehrn atrwihpath which worlds; matter possible as no choose. of together for left you logic go coloniality, have the constitutive of being follow would path modernity/coloniality the not we and the include does modernity, might history shadows which of Unfortunately, 3, garden. change that example. and Borges’ 2 example, in and paths for again possibility newness once 1, mere here of path not choosing are celebration We By the changes. such that of consequences is problem The oent n h oi fclnaiy ujn 19,19,20)has 2000) 1995, (1990, Quijano coloniality? of logic the and modernity twsnttedsoey e e htmtee,btisconsequences its but mattered, that se, per discovery, the not was It nblQiaoadImne Wallerstein Immanuel and Quijano Anibal o os‘aiaim eaet n neatwt h htrcof rhetoric the with interact and to relate ‘capitalism’ does How . . h oi fclnaiyi,ide,teipeetto of implementation the indeed, is, coloniality of logic The 61 lsdaln eae nthe in debate, long a closed 62 h simultaneous the EIKN 477 DELINKING the Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 7 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 478 xeldfo pi n oprdt nin,adAai otterresidency were their who lost Arabic Jews knowledge. and of the Indians, house Germany) with to the by compared along in Christian and inherited Hebrew, Spain Western Empire from meaning their expelled Roman knowledge, the of Holy as speak the languages English not could and through and the German heir knowledge and and French; of Anglo-Saxon Portuguese, Latin house Spanish, the or (Italian, from children Greek Spain banned and Only was Italy through century) read. and eighth (in the Christians Western since reached that knowledge all o r hs orshrso ua xeineitreae?Te are They interrelated? experience human of spheres four through interrelated these are How and subject of idea and secular gender faith, Christian family, (the Christian subjectivity of (the control sexuality The and gender structures). 4 military of states, labor. control colonial of (viceroyalty, The exploitation authority the of control and The 3 land of appropriation The 2 different 1 four in power of domains: matrix articulated colonial mutually the of and formation the exploring been nweg.Ihv hw n eln ntnei h aeo oed Acosta’s de Jose of case Indias. the las the in de Christian Natural instance from of y telling house Moral expelled one the Historia shown from were of have barred house Moors I the was knowledge. in knowledge the space Islamic of no as when Peninsula, was well God’s house Iberian there Likewise, as of World, the Europe New knowledge. earth the in entering on in Western women Mestizas for guardians for or demonstrates, direct Creoles chastised for rejection (the was her Men As who to a knowledge). woman is ‘belonged’ though, a that were Juana, Juana knowledge Sor of Sor knowledge. like example of who World, principles good New the Western the in numerous in as interested course, and of intellectuals Spain yet, were, in There nuns, Church, better Christians). prominent Orthodox Eastern and of the and, and with and Byzantium interaction Christians of much Catholics hair without as Men those among is, themselves etc. Christian (that only Evangelists, Christians recognized Western Jesuits, not all Dominicans, of Franciscans, course, Yet, among perspective also of but the Christianity, Protestants would from world within the capital meant only ‘diversity’ which and men, conceived knowledge Christian Western be of How? to beyond. conjunction belonged and Christendom the century Western sixteenth that the structure in assumed particular the are h ceemgtas era ntervredrcin h ordomains four the direction: reverse the in read be also might scheme The hlspyadcneto esnsrcuigtehmnadnatural faculties). and the of and human Law contest secular e.g., the Kant’s schools; Quadrivium; professional in structuring of Medicine, the knowledge Reason practical the and of and sciences Trivium concept the and of forms philosophy in all structuring encompasses Theology of knowledge principles (the knowledge and citizen) conduct). and values sexual nweg n racism and knowledge 63 y19,we epbihdtebook, the published he when 1590, By and capital . h oto fkoldein knowledge of control The hr was There . Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 tnado uaiy nepol eecasfe,te eelctdi a in located were they classified, the of were moral out people cast and was Once religious physique, and humanity. of the faith terms of fit of in terms not standard in ways, did Christianity, two by Whatever in set the Thus, life complexion. standards Spain. with social physical from comparison of and expelled spheres in were faith four that skinned the of Muslims Black darker articulated need African of knowledge but North trade the the slave Moors, created and massive them and that the Indians of know, people violence we Carolina, many Indigenous genocidal as African, South of generated, The in force millions islands). labor Charlestown of Caribbean renewed today death the to the all caused Brazil, course in of Bahia, slaves. including and de serf British, Salvador as among the San workers was prominent substantial Dutch, Indians more a and of structure King French of economic number the fundamental significant exploitation second from a and The and land ‘donation’ land of in of appropriation received piece both was encomendero of lands) the their structure expropriating labor: initial and the south, of the toward one Moors the pushing while ujn nelnd aews nteclne n eoeteindustrial the The as Europe. before in labor, and revolution of industrial colonies the the exploitation the after of implantation and became justified in class out, was, subsequently, what revolution, pointed Race and, Dussel underlined. Indians Quijano as the violence, of genocidal inferiority the as institutionalized soldiers haired with red contrasted and that missionaries color mostly skin Spaniards, a most Herna was of skin which pale of the apparent most the inferiority, hs ntesxenhcnuyacnetof concept a century sixteenth the in Thus, ei.As,te i o aeapaei rtn n owr considered were have so not and writing did the alphabetic of Indians work have the history. the not be without things, did to people other considered they was among Also, believed Devil. they that, was whatever conclusion fact The and but, shared. ‘religions’ above; the was noted by we inferiority as their justified Spaniards, of the recognition defenders among were the the Indians There generally, the who. by fit of was inferior the who ‘humanity’ not declared have determine the were to did of themselves authority they not the Indians world, had did the Since who and around those beings? Men people classify Christian of ‘Indians’ to White the chain legitimacy by ‘being’ Christian set of linguists), model kind the Western what standard in to by as have century knowledge Christian them would nineteenth in the among the crisis a World, since languages created New classified myriad the and speaking In Guaranı dissected (people Jews. Quechua, religious ‘Indians’ and of Aymara, Moors the concept emerging of of the expulsion surfacing Spain, the In justified color. racism skin and knowledge faith, nteNwWrd hn aimwsa psei prto that operation epistemic an was racism then, World, New the In h etr hita e ncnrlo nweg eeas White. also were knowledge of control in men Christian Western The nCorte ´n ´s. encomienda 64 Spriil risbcm h iil akr of markers visible the became traits ‘Superficial’ ,Nhal aiu ilcso aaros as roots, Maya of dialects various Nahuatl, ´, plantation a cnmcisiuinSairshdi place in had Spaniards institution economic (an nteetne aiba fo today (from Caribbean extended the in race mre tteitreto of intersection the at emerged EIKN 479 DELINKING Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 8 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 480 on frfrne nti iw alMr’ ansopus, magnus Marx’s Karl capital. than view, transcendent rather this and capitalism economic desire In of about other object reference. the economic that of piece, an center sense of point the component the be (a not ‘capital’ in would which structure) economy in envisioned capitalist be could with structures confused be not eelg fbig,acse hc stetr sdi h itet century fifteenth the in used race. term into translated the slowly is became which that caste, and a beings, of genealogy eest pcfctp feooi tutr httdy ne neo- under today, that structure economic world. of the over type economy’ all ‘capitalist spread specific has while a liberalism, etc. to commodities, economy objects, refers that foods, in insist of to particular distribution redundant a clear be on not again based may is is (Greek It (as that structure. authority philosophy economic of a of to control type refers the instead, in as Capitalism, commodities interventions buildings, today). of political land, distribution for of and as production (possession well the resources capital for paragraph: the necessary this money) to in modernity tools, used refers in of nouns and Capital labor’ key rhetoric of two capitalism. and are surfaced exploitation the and There and in coloniality. Quijano land today of expand. of language logic ‘appropriation me the it the above of Let in vocabulary know America. the mentioned ‘conquest’ of becomes we of conquest’ I vocabulary and as ‘discovery The the capital. capitalism the of with spheres that power: materialized four thesis the of together Wallerstein’s holding matrix ‘glue’ Western the colonial to of another element or fundamental structures, way Western one in in articulated responding being is classification. globe was racial entire that knowledge the thing of however, of institutions order and the they the principles likely, in in were Most classification century. have they racial sixteenth the that would the about in aware since thought not elaborated people India being were what was or final instance, it China as the for in late West as to wonder, or the knowledge tried may world of I’ve One of Islamic ego-politics as knowledge. version secular translation, of racial a into secular horizon The simply theo-politics The was from knowledge power. century foundation. show, of nineteenth of theo-politics epistemic and the matrix and eighteenth and theology historical colonial in it’s had imperial the the differences) (through logical colonial of world a and modern/colonial history the and of constitutes depth that the matrix classification ‘damne historical the colonial in a of the gives notion grounded Fanon’s power in Frantz of level to matrix consistency philosophical colonial the The power. at entrenched operation e’ ev nweg hr o h iebigadepoetesecond the explore and being time the for there knowledge leave Let’s cognitive same the and one are being of coloniality the and racism Thus, oikos sawr sdt ee otesrcueo rdcinand production of structure the to refer to used word a is ) 66 en lsiidadwa osqeta oethey role consequential what and classified being yteedo h wnit century, twentieth the of end the By . Capital 65 aaoial nuh shall enough, paradoxically , s satertclconcept theoretical a as ´s’ a Kapital Das ,is Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 rne n nln.Cptlwsncsayt raielbr rdcinand production capital labor, land massive of organize of Holland, appropriation to of Portugal, the necessary Spain, and, possibility was coast, distribution; Capital the Atlantic England. the and and market of globalizing Europeans France, land already the an of to for offered commodities extension were already produce to massive of the labor matter a of changed a exploitation In it decades, Lisbon. and mentioned, few Venice have Florence, a the by we led of self- of circuits as conquest commercial and become how, Heavy existing structure discovery about would ‘the Mediterranean. the Think now, what Enter America’. the within, Europe’. into ‘modern in Empire from as fashioned presence post-Roman transforming, their Christendom were were Western about hand, Indian the activities other speak on the and to commercial Africa on of Portuguese, not coasts The the Ocean, on Asia. East Fez, contacts Middle in commercial the with China today establishing is busy and commerce what India in maintained Baghdad with Africa, and and North strong in Mediterranean constituted Timbuktu the and Genoa Egypt and in Florence centers Venice, market Europe, The for In and century. work Tawantinsuyu progress. fifteenth not in as feudalism’ did ‘European arrived! and modernity Spaniards no course, the was of of when there Anahuac that absurd, myth fact was simple the America the that Latin supported sixties, capitalism secret to the to America application feudalism in shameful from was, South transition (a that ‘transition the Europe the in understand secret of to about history order kept literature the in the in transplanted be All capitalism’ to attics). to for feudalism the from power allowed to modernity sent of families of stage next aristocratic matrix rhetoric the The to colonial move revolution). idea to the the socialist revolution (e.g., the bourgeois caught the was progress, of himself of need Marx the which and in progress trap of modernity the of out get h wlt n h ihenhcnuyo h hita r alwm,for me, (allow One era Story between Christian the choose the must between of We again, of fifth calendar)? ask one Christian century I the about planet, eighteenth use is the to the across Europe simplicity, on and of going history is twelfth was Europe the What the of that world. story or the Roman the of world the that story eighteenth believe the of you the portion of whether to European story on twelfth the the depends the whether beyond it is, between world’ or That ‘a time alone Empire. also of Europe was period of there the perspective century on in the depend that from will believe story capitalism you to the feudalism’ tell from you transition whether ‘the of eighteenth story the the the in Thus, in articulated change be the later of would Capitalist out century which emerge economy. practices, to began economic capitalist capitalism of of scale mercantile theory a into that means economy here mercantile of jump e’ mgn ht‘ol itr’loe iei h eodhl fthe of half second the in like looked history’ ‘world what imagine Let’s us help will capitalism, and capital between distinction the clear Making twsln,rte hnmny htmd osbetequalitative the possible made that money, than rather land, was It . ihtePyicasi rneadwt dmSihi England. in Smith Adam with and France in Physiocrats the with nrosyicesdtesz n power and size the increased enormously EIKN 481 DELINKING Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 8 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 482 a siscutrattefraino e oite nwihtemassive the e which European in for societies conditions new the of created formation land economy the European of of counterpart appropriation the growth preceded its sudden with The that as continents. coupled had into four moment World’ Christendom the Western of ‘New historical one of Europe, (1982) translation a the the of facilitated Abu-Lughod was, reformation of emergence protestant as and The discussion time economy, hegemony. the his European world-trade at in existed the that in demonstrated circuits from marginal commercial shift major relatively, the revolution. eight traces industrial or that the seven story history, this human is of It ‘big-bang’ symbiosis. statecraft the of to their and feudalism of mercantilism in of product success era promised the the that and was treasure policies merchants national pursue of of to acquisition interests sovereign the mercantile the The World, with trade. New aligned export the became were to pursuing England expeditions by exploratory France, or by conquest, Holland, to whether Spain, another nations) Portugal, one those renaissance (Italy, rivaled among the gold that One, of nation-states Story to stocks emerging 426 to of acquire in period According Rome and a 1453). of landlord politically, fall in the the was, Constantinople of (from of ages’ power a middle fall the ‘dark, and the over the centers force ruled who trade gaining the Church important was the in merchants were city-states of Portuguese class Italian the new the of as commerce mentioned, well in conquest as we flourishing a the Mediterranean As northwest see the transformations. to and after view, began political exploration of Mediterranean Turks and the point for of the economic World ends and western by New political and a the blocked’ from up ‘road Hence, opened conquest. the instead route with and new a Constantinople to East for much look had to the that needed Columbus world to ‘renaissance’. Christian the the propelling for with defeat do ‘transition a mirage: Turks, the the a of to as Constantinople narrative it the unveil accept or we capitalism’ whether to decide feudalism from to Two Story and fiaadteAeia swl scnurn vnsi h rbworld. Arab in the global in societies larger events a pre-existing concurrent as of of well part disruptions as not Americas the the is and the renaissance in include and Europe European Africa expansion would of the history colonial which toward when internal and disappear of narrative power the that wave of as story society matrix first the described colonial of of the the type pieces toward of new missing hints a ruins Two states, which the Story European out Americas. Church, of and emerging the it, out the against and of emerged fought intervention merchants times other the Out European and people. of genocide of Indigenous to of violence contributed death sometimes massive genocidal the by the slaves lost African of force of labor transportation the the replace for to and civilizations, existing of destruction tr w:WsenCrsedmws nteffenhcnuy n fthe of one century, fifteenth the in was, Christendom Western Two: Story of fall the of date the 1453, in begins Renaissance The One: Story ´migre s o the for ´s, Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 bnoe h egah fkoldefo h ho n g-oiisof ego-politics and theo- Maria the and Fanon from doing, knowledge so of By critique. geography their the of center abandoned the word) the use Maria o i a oigit xsec ihteidsra revolution, industrial the with existence into coming was him for htrco oent.Tu,wieGmr eertdtetimhof neo- by triumph today recast the being as celebrated is accumulation the original (which beneath Gomara saw trade Marx festered free and while of liberalism) which we Smith Thus, are that Adam consequences surface modernity. Christianity, (whose the of of America to history Latin rhetoric imperial brought toward emerging the today), politics the of its witnessing Likewise, dangers and colonies the knowing. of US, of formation the imperial and of Spanish Occidentales consequences possibilities Indias the in of the 1920s Maria the like in beyond aware Mestizos, the subject of of macro-narrative of a house oppositional inscription the universal been into back or damne had the brought general of he subjectivity Rather, a the subject. and knowledge just modern body not the or of (theo) was soul subjectivity Fanon’s politics and ego- body (ego). the and divided into theo- they mind re-inscribed the when he both suppressed that knowledge so, in qualities’ of do colonies ‘secondary To the the world. slavery and process modern/colonial Africa African knowing the to history of powers the capitalist making and toward the imperial ‘discovery’ European the tied of that macro-narratives. evaluation imperial the hegemonic directed the in matrix colonial fracture the remains a unfolding creates The also critiques. power he mechanisms of Marx system colonial the the empire), underlying misses power he of indirectly because Americas. narrative the (and macro-imperial of colonial the trade within capitalism free the and the Afghanistan enforcing reproduce ‘against’ of the occupation through to military Although America the Latin continues in in seen and world, have Iraq we free Western as and power, the war of of matrix name advancing expand the narrative bears to violent that and system trade and the structures conservative of engine a institutional the ‘neo-liberalism’, and as capitalism, social and values) organization, social economic of confluence fpwrdsrbdaoebcm the became matrix colonial above the such, described As ‘capitalism’. forces power the of joined conceptualization of from ‘knowledge’ of the and retrospectively ego-politics for ‘capital’ the allow looking century, to in was eighteenth it the who framed of theo- Smith, perspective the Marx of to and frame According Smith the in knowledge. while discovery knowledge the of cast Gomara politics was ones. event the economic Although had a humankind. Adam Marx as Go of America De history by of the same, discovery in followed the events the Gomara greatest underscoring the in de of coincided one Marx Francisco Karl triumphs. and Smith European as conquest rnzFnn ntecnrr,itoue nohrcncosesand consciousness an-other introduced contrary, the on Fanon, Frantz htpealdwsaprilhsoyclbaigtedsoeyand discovery the celebrating history partial a was prevailed What tgi(ieEi ilasaoe aeclnaiy(lhuhte i not did they (although coloniality made above) Williams Eric (like ´tegui mr a eiiu oie o eerto hl mt and Smith while celebration for motives religious had ´mara s h eidaddfmdsbetthat subject defamed and denied the ´s, onaino capitalism of foundation odto fcapitalism, of condition a tgi h a critically was who ´tegui, EIKN 483 DELINKING 67 ao and Fanon eg,the (e.g., ´tegui that Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 8 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 484 oiae ytewiebd nenahtete-adeo oiisof politics ego- and theo- the cosmology a underneath in body body black white the in knowledge. the per inscribed imperial/colonial re-inscription, by history the modern the dominated includes of the knowledge example, in of for the ‘body-graphical’ location Fanon body-politics to the the parallel geo-political invisible, Thus, ego-politics, the made world. out, the its cast and of was the ego-politics subject theo- invisibility the knowing and the of the frame of both the sixteenth inscription entered In nation-state the the knowledge. revolutions, explain, secular bourgeois of of to the the tried following With have and state state’ I frame. the as theological monarchic and forms general ‘church The of the various disentanglement within I politics. what operated explain its century its me body seventeenth in let geo-politics, socialism-Marxism in by defined and already mean have forms; Christianity I various Since forms). left (e.g., its various the in right, the center Liberalism comprises Conservatism; that of Renaissance the colonization the and the since theo- for and minds the frames the standard of and two hegemony souls the the the knowledge, in of fracture ego-politics (e.g. a the introduced left knowledge the of politics and Negri). Anthony Fukuyama) and Frances the Hardt both and Michael of theo- thinking Harvey, Huntington, knowledge of the David way of Samuel by the politics dominated (e.g., guide today not body right still world that and decolonized principles geo- ego-politics a and the possible make different) would something which for basis the oiia,ehcl cnmc ihntecneta rm ftemodern/ (epistemic, the ‘emancipation’ of of frame project conceptual a the of within than Max concept economic) more critical which his ethical, no and to frame, political, offer still of that point radicalism was could within the understood Horkheimer and theory the be knowledge Kant. of must beyond ego-politic in position the his critique of goes frame of the that within meaning working the theory the of carried coro critical beginning Horkheimer ‘nuevas the at write a the it to of saw formulate need clearly Part the Puma knowledge. century, Waman body-political as seventeenth and for is, consciousness geo de-linking motion, critical of within in and project from of already perspective and grammar is the coloniality the from process history to of the global directly and of us, come, re-writing lead the has paragraph time last The the de-coloniality. in advanced thesis The IV.1 prolego shift de-coloniality: of colonial grammar The IV word the or senses Go both which in knowledge, ol iet dac h hssta h mrec ftego n body- and geo- the of emergence the that thesis the advance to like would I mr,SihadMr eedeln,t on (in found to dwelling, were Marx and Smith ´mara, ornit oehn nkonadt establish to and un-known something into run to ncs.Ta s emust we is, That ´nicas’. mn otede- the to ´mena Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 nrisadvsosta aebe eue oslne rasne ythe by absences or silences to concepts, of reduced apparatus. repository conceptual been Western the have of from march that itself triumphal to visions which applied in and point be a energies should reached premises has versions) own ego-political its and theo- (its knowledge of ooiladErcnee paradigm Eurocentered and colonial cnm a rmdwti h esetv n osiuns fthe of consciousness and perspective political the of theory within whose Smith framed to contrary was unveil, economy to the knowledge or of archive dis-inherited politics of the lack of the rumor and the energy by conceptualization. epistemic epistemic Fanon’s supplanted the as been to subsumed has space, belongs be shift that different de-colonial cannot a The to it (Khun). change literally post- why paradigmatic later and or to (Foucault) operates how School, break see shift Frankfurt Let’s the de-colonial Jameson). we (e.g. of the as post-modernists version theory and early Derrida) critical (e.g. the of structuralists from limits Eurocentered today, the it marks know being) of and knowdge thinking border critical epltc n h eodwt psei oypolitics. body so epistemic do with second to the points and geopolitics starting solid two ae ute,t h on n rjc fd-ikn n fbeing of and de-linking of non- the project of foundations and the an-other-paradigm. as point of is, diversality be That Eurocentered the now of decolonization. should consequences theory is with to the Critical complementary Nature on society. further, question that capitalist a the assumptions for taken open and very also in the will assumptions such interrogate and theory, ‘laws’; would Critical discover. by acceptance, hand, to empirical governed only other the has science on the that givens, nature on of in basis laws position of the Horkheimer’s instance, on for summarize constructed to nutshell, a was, in theory Traditional world. colonial hs h is tpi h rma fdclnzto ol ecs,uigan using los cast, knowledge. de be Intercultural of Universidad could politics the decolonization Indı of it body of Pueblos documents recast grammar and the the from and geo- coming in knowledge expression of step of first frame the geography the with Thus, the correspond within to of shift theory) theory rhetoric to (critical critical need the For of coloniality. we between target of decolonization, complicity The logic hidden the intact. de-linking the and knowledge, the maintaining modernity of are is while colonization content de-colonization Both the its epistemic and denounce understanding. coloniality, to of suffice and geo- logic not the knowledge will of It expansion of and knowledge procedures. grow of the body-politics politics by ego offered be and and is theo would other the One The of here. understanding. vocabulary, limitations procedures and and its two partiality is, least the at (that show are to grammar There its semantics)? is and syntax What works? decolonizaion epistemic uslietfe nMr’ sinii rga’asitwti h ego- the within shift a program’ ‘scientific Marx’s in identified Dussel When rtcltheory critical gnsdlEcuador, del ´genas n,b odig h eclna hf dclnzto of (decolonization shift de-colonial the doing, so by and, eoe eclna rtqei a fncsiyt be to necessity of has it critique de-colonial becomes erigt unlearn. to learning 70 ed obe to needs h is once ihepistemic with connected first the 68 h uoetrdparadigms Eurocentered The 71 69 decolonized usladFnngv us give Fanon and Dussel h eeoi modern/ hegemonic The u o does how But . EIKN 485 DELINKING damne´s in Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 8 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 486 itn rmteIdgnu ouaino h mrc,tecasdifferential class totally the and America, slaves, the Black-African of population by Indigenous Thus, tainted the waged. slightly from was Moors, distant labor the of of form industrial presence primary in land the the of and appropriation when The class invisible, issue. Europe, was visible a colonies Northern not the was in race possible place, True, made took revolution power revolution. of with industrial matrix and lands colonial and the labor of The labor of of exploitation. appropriation form justifying the exploitation primary argument the World. on the as forget initially slavery organizing Third and not based serfdom power should was the of we capitalism today, matrix throughout underlying different colonial the reprehensible is factories the capitalism are under that of they multinational example, structure rules, the for the Although exploitative laboring, in similar that those just fact to most conditions of the not the subjected of minority is of spite also In majority quantitative class are group. the racial working because whites ‘wrong’ but extended the today class to and working belong workers a new exploited is the Anthony it and words, because Hardt oppressed Michael other be Virno, (Paul might In class observation working Negri). new similar a the as A but the to model-for-export. proletariat (and respect a Europe However, with as in theory. proletariat taken made the be de- critical of and cannot emancipation liberation to US) under the subsumed as contributor be the insofar must Marx fundamental colonization sense of point, Marxian this a the to emancipation in Up be emancipation capital. the of to logic to the continues of contributed exposure the Marx the through by Within proletariat knowledge, hidden economy. to was political of of that related theories truth ego-politics much Smith’s) Muslims, a so with but (beginning not Arabs, truth classical meant hegemonic) the Africans, knowledge (and Indians, abstract domain, situation another specific (e.g., their seeking very between wound that parallel In colonial the etc.). see external memories to European the in unable entrenched and were very and were those subjectivities them among of and place all taking not really that what either is except reveal were de-coloniality thinkers, to Internal ideologues up. indirect them covering and pushed that or direct that seeing Freud) its anger and and internal bourgeoisie that Spinoza the Christian also and perhaps the (and discomfort is Marx that It gave edge, oppression. that critical of wound logic colonial the Europe) of (to explanation scientific a in in proletariat the of position subaltern etterca ifrnilisrbdi i oyadhsproa etranslated He persona. his and have body may his Marx in question), Jewish inscribed the the differential to racial German devoted the a were felt as writings However, early consciousness. (his its Jew necessarily not although proletariat, oreii,telgco aia rmteprpcieo h ao oc,ta is, that force, labor the of perspective proletariat. the from the capital of logic the bourgeoisie, aildifferential racial eaetedmnn omo oilcasfcto.Ioae rmthe from Isolated classification. social of form dominant the became 72 ys on,Mr mrcdteprpcieo the of perspective the embraced Marx doing, so By htmd h esthe Jews the made that multitude, ls differential class nesadn uttd o sanew a as not multitude understanding damne´s axsaayi resulted analysis Marx’s . racism ihnErp nothe into Europe within stefundamental the as Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 n h mes ifrneo aso ienvrcm oms h human the mask evident to is it come context, never colonial the life quarters close of at ways examine you of When difference realities. immense the and in Algeria of in version town Eurocentered Earth colonized the a the of of of description past Wretched Fanon’s the The with not start tends (or us is the destroys Let logic that and history. perverse past at disfigures the every distorts, to epigraph words, marginalize) epistemic and own to the beings) the his of in of in spirits, that, diagnosis of coloniality as of minds, necessary of points, the souls, toward (of Fanon colonization discussion, articulated. this of be the beginning to both epistemology. began reveals hegemonic that projects of knowledge foundation of white Anzaldu of politics Both foundation body gender and and de- geo- racial and liberating a its together to brings emancipating its Anzaldu Horkheimer from dimension. re-make theory colonizing the to critical of need of move politics the to side body us theory; of and negated shows geo- locations indirectly the the negated and both to bio-logical knowledge brings and Fanon theory understanding. geo- critical and the knowledge taking to de- difference: for the to colonial is, and epistemic de-linking That of shift. terrain the colonial to theory critical original Horkheimer’s n eooiainpoet nteAeia oa uthv h colonial reference. the of point have key a must as revolution, liberation today industrial Thus, the Americas colonial subjectivity. not the and the and power, in of knowledge of matrix of spheres projects control the decolonization groups the social in and among to relations labor related is, subjective of is and to class. mainly and groups control refers and race social the race power, among of of to matrix relations correspondence related economic the strictly is to class analysis, thus, mainly by the last while, refers labor. the of short class in exploitation and a While of stake, for back understanding at was China the is is it for power, What as form Mexico, of ultimate eclipsed, the longer matrix as to no colonial differential and the borders vengeance Today, of a Protestant. foundation with previous the Anglo racism, beyond and White countries Philippines, industrial move of of demographics population the industries changes a immigration as among however, established was h rgnlt fteclna otx sta cnmcraiy inequality, reality, economic that is context colonial the of originality The o,FnnadAnzaldu and Fanon Now, oni ugytw,savdo ra,o et fsoso ol of coal, of native shoes The of other. meat, the of of bread, top of on starved top built little town, [ on are matters light hungry there huts live a it fame, men their is there, ill spaciousness; and town born without of other, world were place each a They is a of repute. It is how. evil reservation, or town, of where the native men the medina, by least the at people or village, people, Negro colonized the the to belonging town The ... aadFnnmv pseooyt h eri hr de-linking where terrain the to epistemology move Fanon and ´a ] : acnpoieaohrdpruepitfrtaking for point departure another provide can ´a a riuae rudtecneto borderland, of concept the around articulates ´a, EIKN 487 DELINKING ? critical s Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 8 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 488 Ciaa ebaa n h e-oiis(afotr ssblenepistemic subaltern as frontera (la geo-politics the Menchu and Rigoberta Waman lesbiana) Fanon, (e.g., Frantz ones (Chicana, previous of Gandhi, complements platform Mahatma and in continues the Chicano/as Puma, that of becomes project histories a race), local US; the and the Anzaldu from gender emanating Gloria project of that de-colonial terms another point (in this mestiza’ at conciencia precisely is It IV.2 the rich. with deal are to economic you have the we because time problem. colonies every white stretched colonial the are slightly be you In always should white, species. analysis not are given or you superstructure. to a belonging a because of race, also fact the is given with substructure begin a to to is world belonging the out parcels what that r mrigi hc eua oent sbigtaseddb multiple of politics by body transcended geo-and being the in is grounded knowledge. of modernity decolonization epistemic) political, epistemic secular realm (ethical, of which the desires projects projects new in and into that visions emerging and needs, politics own planet, are the its the body with on has coincide everyone and modernity necessarily of secular not geo- do that Mesquite bring which realize the politics, we we secular, understanding, the Once and and knowledge sacred State. the the together weaving and with or sacred the eicnroswt h mniaigpicpe f‘oent’t take to ‘modernity’ of do who principles societies also on would emancipating secular it time, the sense same as the with secularization the promise in At doesn’t necessarily incongruous equality. 9/11 go, since and be to witnessing democracy way been justice, global have warranty a we or as not truths, Uncoupling uncoupling, is sacred place. such Church safe to that a the hostage itself from held by State of not people sacred secularization the is of into the Secularization emancipation contradictory. for turn the be fought would To for brilliantly was, so and groups. that sacred social secularization an texts the certain and became of authors sacred of the the benefits emancipation figures as and the insofar the abstract sacred for of the of obstacle by forms from new One texts ‘emancipation’ to the the sacred universals. but precisely, for replace de-coloniality, relevant geared To to are us believers. Q’uran imperially take the none does and for texts Bible necessarily secular the not that the way cover but not same and, believers Marx do the problem of insights in their relevance story, colonial emancipation, the full the to questioning contribution Without in Horkheimer periphery. subsumed and the and to moves caught thereby, is revolution industrial oepol fetdby affected people more n,ta ooilpolmis problem colonial that And, 73 the ardtuhadips,b iiayfrei eesr,the necessary, if force military by impose, and truth sacred colonial o eesrl aeaproblem a have necessarily not o io one minor a not hnb the by than h as stecneune o r rich are you consequence; the is cause The modern ascnetaiaino ‘the of conceptualization ´a’s uniaiey hr r far are there Quantitatively, . rbes hti,the is, That problems. ihgvn roiyto priority giving with hsi h Marxist why is This ) ohtebody- the Both ´). Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 netdadmxd ietebodadtemn ftebde hyare they bodies the of Amselle get mind and hand frame the one epistemic the and on their blood Vasconcelos let between the differences them like The in are of analyzing. mixed, sciences hibridity neither social and and but the mestizaje infected ego- there’, Vasconcelos, of the ‘out in foundation within Like celebrated, the Europe. remain grounds century that that nineteenth knowledge studies of disciplinary politics important are Gruzinski’s rs-olnzto,a ain osiuns speetyi h aig new a making: the Borderlands’. in presently is biological mestiza consciousness and cultural ‘alien’ ideological, an Vasconcelos), Anzaldu cross-pollinization, to (referring mentioned, racial just this Anzaldu epigraph ‘From the from by came preceded history, Latin/a/o inside h omcrc,fl ttebto ftesae aulHnigo has appeared Huntington that Samuel Hispanics scale. of the ranking of the Nixon. the bottom underscore Richard of) under of part the to (or leg contributed at being fifth government recently from fell the US far cosmic-race, of the Hispanics, Mexico, the version And Hispanics. in another pentagon: ideal, proposed ethno-racial drawbacks. proposed presidency two his Nixon’s suffered after under years idea that race forty amalgamation Vasconcelos’s super-human the About a an Asian-Yellow, However, race, proposing as African-Black, cosmic Zaratustra. a (White, pentagon reminds was was four ethno-racial this Vasconcelos, previous Vasconcelos the For the Indian-Red). of enough, of leg transcending Curiously fifth and the world. of the formation co raza of la race, espı races color cosmic de el a raza it una hablara a called afines, ‘envisaged razas raza he de that mi mezcla mentioning una by ‘Por epigraph this Mexico, after Vasconcelos in mi dictum de mujer national la ‘Por hablara epigraph: an / with raza begins chapter Anzaldu The Indeed, Conciencia Vasconcelos. quoting way. wrong ‘La a Vasconcelos’ on is go pro-Nazi it chapter to out, Mexican’s pointed follow, ‘follows’, critics say, to course, will path of others And Vasconcelos. or, Jose quotes philosopher she that de- is the position, enlarging and deepening here work shift. at colonial are knowledge of perspective) te xrsino uhhbi manifestations. find hybrid to beyond such moving but of Mexico, expression century pense French sixteenth ‘la of other of said on be study based could his same thoughts), in The elsewhere. Gruzinski, and Serge Africa is ethno-historian, which in logics’, identity ‘mestizo of on ‘study’ Amselle a Jean-Loup anthropologist French of mestiza’. study conciencia ‘la instance for not and Mestiza’ ti fe etoe htoeo h aypolm nAnzaldua’s in problems many the of one that mentioned often is It hsscn xrsinrsod otesm oi ht o ntne the instance, for that, logic same the to responds expression second This consciousness, leprt’ hc satito acneo aosdcu,a dictum, famous Vasconcelos on twist a is which espiritu’, el ´ 75 h il ftecatr e’ eebr s‘aconciencia ‘La is remember, let’s chapter, the of title The 74 n ocecad mujer de conciencia una h eodmra opt h omcrc a,from was, race cosmic the to coup mortal second The ela de sia it aeebaigtefu major four the embracing race fifth a ´smica, etz.TwrsaNwConsciousness’ New a Towards Mestiza. apiearz itssdlglobo. del sintesis raza primera la a fe utn Vasconcelos, quoting After ´a. ti osiuns fthe of consciousness a is It . age nt pcf that: specify to on goes ´a 76 ohAslesand Amselle’s Both aoeshrcrucial her opens ´a emtse (mestizo metisse’ ´e rt’ h quotes She ´ritu’. EIKN 489 DELINKING aamestiza, raza ela de He Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 9 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 490 ht‘osiuns’hsbe o hlspia oi rmDcre to Decartes from topic philosophical philosophy hot as a know knowledge all been we of and has (Anzaldua), principles mestiza’ that ‘consciousness’ very la fact de the that ‘conciencia the more as on address Baidiou) here this and them justified (Dussel of of is comparison three example or the contrast an The philosophy’. take Anzaldu and with would to contrast brown, case, and or Baidiou Just this 1992), white, Alain is take in homosexual. who let’s One, over position, or encompassing passing politics. and identity heterosexual ideas those to bother of may or appeal manifestation that subtle ‘them’ more a and a it ‘you’ prefer vs. in ‘us’ insisting see an who is there all, of First the in fracture Anzaldu a conciencia speak. introduces ‘La and to underlining gears so by disciplines outside, and the phenomenon question around not a remains do ‘consciousness’ They describe disciplines. their but the but of phenomenon, homogeneity anthropological the social of within a purity describe and disciplinary observe the an mestizaje intact makes Anzaldu maintaining latter discourse. the study maintain while to discourse; of ‘mestizaje’ national celebrates object Creole former the the of that purity is the other the on Gruzinski and polmtc ttmnsmd yAnzaldu by it made does statements how ‘problematic’ And conversation? Western the of of terms the the complement changing in and enunciation e-oiiso nweg eswi usl ssitn h teto rmthe from enunciation. attention of the act shifting very is Dussel, the in to saw enunciated we the knowledge to of contribution radical geo-politics a is hers fact, o osthe does How hn ene oalwwie ob u lis hog u literature, our Through allies. our be to whites allow to arte, need we think I hystu omtest epBgMuti,Nvjso h Chicano the or Navajos Mountain, Big help to or committees farm-workers up set they ettto:t a ht ocmest o oronsneof sense own your for guilty compensate feel you us, makes to over it power because experience that, for you strive that human, say you than defectiveness, less as to that self-respect us fact our upon looked personhood, restitution: the you our accept that lands, us. fact to our of the stole you own negation to and need you rejection We need your We society: acknowledge to white different, to are Chicanos say to need We lead. our following but us ignorance. and fears racial their corridos niiuly u loa ailett,w edt oc u needs. our voice to need we entity, racial a as also but Individually, hoadeopltc fknowledge of ego-politics and theo n okae ems hr u itr ihte owhen so them with history our share must we folktales and , e-oiiso knowledge of geo-politics a nta,pooe oetiges.AsleadGruzinski and Amselle else. thing some proposes instead, ´a, oypltc fknowledge of body-politics o Nicaraguenses los assaeetadwt usls‘geopolitics Dussel’s with and statement ´a’s hywl oet e htte r o helping not are they that see to come will They hywnttr epeaa eas of because away people turn won’t they g-oiiso knowledge of ego-politics nfatrn h psei hegemony epistemic the fracturing in oypltc fknowledge of politics Body ´a: uce ntasomn h ou of locus the transforming in succeed e’ eeaoaeo oeo the of some on elaborate me Let’s ? ela de o ahrfre orbuihacts. brutish your forget rather you ene o omk public make to you need We . aiet o Philosophy for Manifesto etz’ h aial shifts radically she mestiza’, o rs u itr n our and history our erase you atrsteplate the turns ´a samte of matter a As . ht iethe like that, ([1989], 77 Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 ol,w teErpa aepioohr)ne o oacp h atthat fact Third the the accept of to and you color need of philosophers) people male ‘you, European that (the state we (with to world, philosophers Levinas) men of European exception or the different conceptualization, are Anzaldua’s Chicanos in Saxon’, that fact the accept olwn u lead’. our ‘ following above: quoted paragraph philosophers) problem. European a (the not ‘them’ is to relation Anzaldu in and project philosophical own etc ihGra rdto.Teei o‘s s‘hm,aprnl,because apparently, herme- ‘them’, vs and that ‘them’ ‘us’ fact no tradition no is is the Anglo-Saxon there There given tradition. with natural and German with a ‘identified’ Freud neutics their as is between beyond takes other, philosophy distinctions he the on making analytical And Carnap, projects. not and to Heidegger philosophical is some and different hand, He men, comparison one European not. the in all on are are Marx, But some mentions and Badiou 67. Jews, ‘us’ philosophers between are division page of no list is on the There paragraph. ‘them’; passing, restful a in is Badiou’s mentions Anzaldua, an once, Badiou to deliver. can’t up Levinas philosophy is what It Emmanuel philosophy it. of conceptualize ask to shouldn’t power we its fact thought within the of nor is order duty ‘is it other its philosophy Jews, neither European if is of that it extermination that conclude Lacou- the to to Philippe conceptualizing and consideration of on into etc. incapable comment question’ Derrida, ‘Jews Jacques to the Lacan, on bring Jacques goes Lyotard, Badiou Jean-Francois paragraph Labarthe, following the In at look Let’s it. the of of defense in because ‘manifesto’ paragraph: disheartened a first wrote Thus, the Badiou Merleau-Ponty. philosophy, of to crisis Freud from Husserl; hsseai hudhl nudrtnigAnzaldu understanding in help should scenario This ftogt ofrhrqeto fiaiiga imagining of question further speculative like itself. regime No perpetuating millennial hermeneutics from a of thought. ‘end’ psycho- German the paranoia, of and declare that to Marxism concur a indeed interpretation remains revolutionary analytical what of philosophy, illusion, fact from dream analytical well the as Anglo-Saxon Marxist of as But the out different supersession systematicity. from Very ferrets different the philosophy. It Freud very very of be. of is also realization to that nonsense announcement used concrete is as agree it metaphysics It Heidegger’s what of century metaphysics. really critique from Carnap’s longer the that no different said of is be discipline, traditions must a as philosophical philosophy, dominant The ai eaint te’tewieAgoSxn u o aiu this Badiou, for But Anglo-Saxon. white the ‘them’ to relation in ´a n h dsi h olwn aarp ‘ paragraph following the in adds she And orender to ny‘s.Dse,freape antaodstaighis situating avoid cannot example, for Dussel, ‘us’. only 78 hywl oet e htte r o epn sbut us helping not are they that see to come will They this hnigata’(92 .3) arenough: Fair 30). p. (1992, actual’ thinking .Teei one o wieAnglo- ‘white for need no is There ’. ascam ntefirst the in claim, ´a’s hlspi perennis philosophia ene o to you need We EIKN 491 DELINKING Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 9 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 492 oe nsaetm lclhsois hthv enmriaie ythe by marginalized been have from that activists) and histories) writing, artists (local (in by space-time intellectuals, enunciated and in and being movements nodes currently social perspectives are by action. orally, the decolonization of of and and domain from enunciation Liberation political of and loci alternatives bio-political ethical fully the such epistemic, and be geo- the to imagine the in decolonization unlocked to For consciousnesses knowledge. begin of must through politics create refashioned must which body and we in operative, decolonized and world be a geo- must to perspective they contribute one the co-exist, To of an others. can imposition over generate worlds consciousness on many cannot of rely and type they one exhausted because and are and power. modernity of knowledge been to matrix of colonial have alternative the ego-politics that of emerge and implementation that marginalization the Theo- knowledge by and enacted of humiliation be structures to of continue build and experience to subjectivities the there colonized from from being repress moves and to knowledge process knowledge of the imperial colonialization using the that of place, up. consisted first bottom the from in work, recognition, the the to sense, toward has that geared working, but the In is state des-inherited). de-coloniality the from the of or grammar des-enfranchised, on intellectual corporation society, the the say, work of of political to creative service empowerment is politics, the the the at (that hand, and not from des-enfranchised work other economy economically comes the financial and from and subjectivity On institutionally sciences looking work. social and way tanks today: knowledge the think is working That political down. still and is state that is the and and down it top corporations from knowledge. worked way being of of the organization and knowledge and of of possibility distribution, colonization the The production, denied of the have that in and subjectivities participating and knowledge languages of that moment de-colonization the (e.g., de-coloniality being of grammar The IV.3 World an in Third where consciousness from (e.g., lesbians) rights and geo-politics gay post-civil politics color, of on the claim (e.g., men basic and body-politics of the women is USA: the foundation lead’, and our the following perspective) but established us Anzaldu helping Thus, that by make not Levinas. assumed to of are is exception ‘they need thought the clear-cut, of no with universality is philosophers, illegitimate there European an male because if is And it different’. assertion that are philosophers male European uhatraie r o eefnaiso h mgnn faohrutopia. another of imagining the or fantasies mere not are alternatives Such the with initiated is de-colonization and liberation of practice the is, That n osqetyo oiia hoyadpltcleooy eisat begins economy) political and theory political of consequently and adnta not (and oiisbsdo identity on based politics lentvst oent n e-iea civilization neo-liberal and modernity to alternatives emerged. ) 79 dniybased identity .We ´a’s Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 led cetdcamta n ftedrcin o h eooiainof decolonization the for directions the the humanity. of Thus, the universality’. one of to rest that pretense the provincial claim to ‘the accepted it, good puts (their) already Quijano bring forward feel as to people put is, of God people That number of by limited group appointed a given when are arises a they problem that The is, fact cosmovision. There the own totality. Christian, in its subject- of wrong white, concept (e.g. nothing variegated knowledge know, course, the of of we with principles complicit as basic were the were, which place object) whom into group put of specific this men, a majority European motion re-iterates, the of I) in and (section individuals, being above set of of quoted of and that passage logic knowledge the paragraph the of As and decolonization initial de-linking. of modernity projects of Quijano’s the rhetoric to and continuing coloniality the back of go analysis the to argument: time is It paradigm. an-other IV.4 as colonial described the border have of by I practices and what and manifestations up in actual make subjected of of thinking diversity foundation been not, The the have power. are in of or and that We matrix perspective Arabic later. subjectivities the Chinese, include idea knowledge from to this of want knowledge the to we authentic over rather, return an but, all will Aymara; retrieve emerging I to breaks and looking epistemic common course, spatial in the the have what is planet describe between thinking imperial border to connector is, way and That imperial the one subjectivities. wounds and corresponding become and (colonial colonial empires) should histories is the Ottoman it subaltern thinking in of expansion such, Border but (Spain, diversity Western as 1922). thinkers to empires and, until Greek respond modern Empire subordination to in the Ottoman had not of the empires grounded as Russia, colonies that China, as or diversity (e.g., subjected the US) between were the connector the England, that is thinking’ post-modern locals de-colonial ‘border and a and of Horkhaimer’s term) beyond as the but (which of ‘critical’ uses bio-political thinking’ already and imperial always ‘border geo- six is presupposes the The project epistemology of modernity. De- means in of by delinking. languages shift in globe of grounded European the movement epistemology, around vernacular expanded Western and and and of process Greek Totality are same and the decolonization Latin and the From expect liberation what? in to Thus, from subjectivity out ‘us’. linking like dominant thought be the be world in the shall dwell of negating who rest in the those that successful for comfortable was and Indeed, is Huntington global nations. it non-Christian to Western non-capitalist, Hegel of (e.g. non-Western, from from totality breaks subjectivities epistemic that overarching spatial the history mainstream larger in universal in a knowledge) silenced creating of Although are geopolitics fractures differences. multiple colonial media, spatial and temporal ieRsi n the and Russia like EIKN 493 DELINKING Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 9 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 494 hrzno expectations’ of ‘horizon exteriority em fteicesn ifrnebtente‘pc feprec’adthe and experience’ of in ‘space the time-consciousness’ expectation:’ between of ‘modern difference ‘horizon increasing characterized the Reinhart and of history, terms identified conceptual in has investigation his Koselleck In time. the to in related explain. and modernity, assumption me experience’ basic Let a of project. is political ‘space Jacqueline exteriority and particular scholarly for that that modernity/coloniality Thus, and expectations’. in and the consequences of Mexican-Americans in homosexuality of ‘horizon slavery current of traces of and meaning and traces memories the past the and with memories its drenched for the history, Martinez, all same European in the of with flooded traces not Gordon, and Caribbean is memories Lewis the expectations’ for in of skin as ‘horizon the to the soaked and Koselleck, experience’ of ‘space omnigo hspsae Ju passage, this on Commenting an claiming ‘no been not totality’, have we capitalist that explaining neo-liberal, by forth. itself, so ‘global modernity and the on market a so to the as and escapes outside taken capital(ism)’ nothing be of no as could outside is insofar and project nothing there Neo-liberal guarantees and the itself of objection by An version move trans-modernity. new this calls Dussel that modernity. direction of be the dimension might in genocidal us the forms takes of and all move repressed, march to That silenced, totalitarian open colonized, the doors been by the have denigrated rhetoric Then, that the knowledge coloniality. of delink of principles we logic and indicated, the has from discussion modernity our of as First, is fundamentalism. coloniality. 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Pope was communism. of manifestation Soviet communism Poland. the communism. of that communist dethrone consequence, bent was to in totalitarian hard reason up the worked 2003. explicit was he grew October reason 1980, II in of explicit Pope, Paul The events a John the became he with Pope When has roots, example. social Bolivia social of another world’ the growing Take ‘life the from the and the and transformed twist, experience’ new been Quispe of radical consequence, ‘space a Felipe the expectations’ and of giving a cocaleros) ‘horizon been (the have Morales As communities), Evo of Aymara of like (the elite. practice leaders salvation, and by hand led Creole/Mestizo/an logic the of movements in the a power progress, with of hand concentration of of political in rhetoric discrimination, reproducing hand racial constantly goes the oppression, is democracy modernity that of bones: your means technology, in Which time, the coloniality. not all and way, the time’ all in that away dimension’. sense ‘further that socio-historical are the illusion different the world a in produce in contemporary Munich, trap to ‘living the precisely in in conceptual such people living the as of people conceived indeed that expectations’ been space is has of experiential ‘modernity’ an away’ ‘horizon in the ‘Further world whether from life that Germany. the ask away by living should further are characterized one Bolivia gets been Paz, However, La has life-world. in the post-modernity people has of and internet the contraction shrink hour, time-space per world miles of the amount incredible made an at fly aircraft speedier, nMnc,yud o e rfe ooilt.I aPz oii,yufe it feel you Bolivia, Paz, La In coloniality. feel or see not do you Munich, In are cars accelerated’: has ‘time that however, recognize, to have We at ‘itrclynwqaiy osatysbett en vradwt utopian the with in overlaid fixedly being anchored of to then subject experience constantly (till conceptions’’’. of quality, expectation kind new of ‘‘historically the horizon a by our past) replaced to lends then expectations. European that are guiding progress generations old directives previous into the of mobilizes it life-worlds, experiences apart craftsman’s devalues and tears and peasant’s it, modernization the to of societal precisely space shaped experiential that is extent future the the toward orientation specific Modernity’s 82 aet hn rmthe from think to have . hs traditional These EIKN 495 DELINKING Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 9 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 496 h Bible. the hneswowudlk orcntutIa n rt h osiuinon constitution Islamic the crash write you and a four Iraq is reconstruct and it of reconstruction, to democracy, basis forms, promote like the and and first various would Iraq: help freedom who its in provide thinkers today promote in you witnessing you are then ‘good’ we country, third as the a ugly, although the destroy and you ugly, bad good, the Western the the of of includes consequence and consequence expansion the bad Western or than century. 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Brazil in Theology hs xmlscnrn swt e eiin eadn h creation, the regarding decisions few a with us confront examples These sharia n h ’rnadnto h ae fthe of bases the on not and Q’uran the and h xeineadlf ol fapaati China in peasant a of world life and experience the democracy and Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 oi fkoig odrtikn.Ta s h ato aigt mgn a imagine to having of common new fact a the for is, basis That the can thinking. as decolonization border it of knowing: a use narrative of and was its logic experience World pluri- and common Third the history that Thus, and local through knowledge). 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Koselleck’s to experience preferable that are Martinez I saying and that simply Gordon is clarification that that second suggesting experiences The not the projects. am and political cosmovision and the will intellectual by their Chicana shaped Anzaldu formed be or lesbian but Fanon not or Marx, could scholarly Jamaican by directions and/or outlined Black political paths German, the project, and every follow any options Not of choices, ethics intellectual. of the and terms of in is, that thinking responsibilities; but here assumptions deterministic hn mIpooigasr f‘utrlrltvs’wt t htrco ‘let of rhetoric its with relativism’ ‘cultural of sort a proposing I am Then, making not am I necessary. here are observations important Two odrspace border htec ies oa itr a ncmo ihohr sthe is others with common in has history local diverse each what hc sthe is which , exteriority ftemdr n h postmodern. the and modern the of a tl,tercocsand choices their Still, ´a. EIKN 497 DELINKING connect Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 9 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 498 h nhri hc h nrac fet a enpoue st ietefact the hide to as produced been has remove effect’ to and spinning ‘normalcy means to the exhausted De-linking lead which modernity. been in only imperial anchor have of could the bubble arena Strauss the this Leo within in spin and exercise the any Schmitt Marx thinking to Carl border Locke; to and without Hobbes of social and Machiavelli, theories and Gramsci to political economy Plato and the and of Aristotle from concepts from Solutions and West, new derived. the visions here, be from will requires (politics) being; de-colonization it organization of to and leading and thinking differences knowledge border the of of colonial implementation re- to and the and for making imperial Japan, surrender strategies the China, the of to of analysis of sector also requires actors, power case De-linking making Russia. the the social and is in world it values by Arabic as corporate the capitalism of used, Western ‘adaptation’ be of the of thought with can of splendors place categories that the safe and no languages modernity, is language there imperial Certainly, any knowledge up. the open of an many from will de-colonization creativity which de-linking and at in imagination of world aiming human a and actors build being social languages to by and the order When co-exist, in differences. activated will be colonial world to from and began start imperial migrations, will categories the by that and of lead project mobilization end de-colonial expansion in-war weaker any outwar an in the a in crucial in west’ becomes rest’ the the thinking over over border all all location differences. is is colonial ‘rest its ‘West the and the of and because imperial awareness time, by same full reach. structured the in global At relations operate and complex imperial must the its decolonization within and of epistemology is, project Western subordinated That Any of became the empires. thought hegemony Western of is the categories of to which and languages languages de- with, imperial Greco- Russian and by vernacular deal cases, Japanese wide six to world the two layer imposed and growingly first Latin another conditions still the epistemic and leaves In Japanese epistemic by languages different imposed colonies. Russian quite conditions existential be England’s and and will epistemic of the colonies from Russian’s perspective colonization or the Japan’s of from perspective the from other building imperial the and both differences. implies rationality and colonial involves modern and thinking border from Critical delinking worlds. a pluri- possible into connects of modernity) that imperial project method with imperial uni-versal entangled the and histories colonial is colonial the exploitation thinking (different of versality sphere of border the critical experiences in Thus, explored different and differences. between out thought connector be a now can as those operates them. all it together by and bring ways can various or have Paris, in to or contacted world London, been the or of have Washington, people who in the those like that would future Berlin the not is that future e’ ucl oka oeeape.Dclnzn nweg n being and knowledge Decolonizing examples. some at look quickly Let’s shift de-colonial the enact to method one provides thinking border Critical Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 aual usm uoenpoet feacpto n pntepossibility will the open Torres) and Maldonado damne emancipation Gordon, of the projects Winter, (mind European James, humanity subsume of decolonizing their C.R.L. naturally of and consciousness (Fanon, dispossessed been World soul) and critical have and Third they conflict ways the the the of in and from relations racialization emerging projects their arising are Liberation in and projects differences). emerged US imperial have and the that colonial and as by is, Europe framed being (that domination world discussed, from modern/colonial the dominance have far geo- organizing and the hegemony we ego-politics are the to and to theo- back they alternatives the circle as of abstract full ethnocidal knowledge here, ‘an of come become politics of show have body again We and never to justification emancipation’. should human and tried irrational of earth universal on have as one every I use for meaningful as (their justify to And, coloniality modernity must of violence). of they rhetoric but the logic alive, by appropriation the kept their be from can ‘extracted’ emancipation), be of concept rational (Dussel’s modernity of coloniality. rhetoric the of between logic complicity the imperial and the revealing and becomes gaps the thinking to that has border critical assumption but Thus, necessary the group’, pluri-versal. the ethnic on dialogical, one based and ‘by be inter-epistemic of implemented to be and horizon has designed the be project cannot that That the project project’. of submit uni-versal uni-versality a I as the fact, ‘pluri-versality is, precisely In and rationality be will expectations’. an-other here experiences and of expectations works experience’, ‘horizon exchange of of the ‘space The Koselleck’s replaces rationality’. exchange to an-other a alternative an of an toward as foundation move to the and as communication; 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future, and existing manifestations the a current is in its the De-coloniality Islamic of that, of hand. universal planet out at precisely abstract the Marxism, unfolded, universal of in and abstract limits emerged body the Liberalism, that consciousness of every critical one not planetary (neo) any that to proof submit Christianity, enough would given uni-versal. have fundamentalism, best and Notes and modern universality the the avoid of to assumption Muslims is the the pluri-versal, to toward progressive the linked strategies of world the to pluri-versal to bio a Crucial and Forum toward action. geo- future, and diverse Social thought in of and World genealogies voices) and political critical the histories of European and political Southern to locals perspective and different ethical, intellectuals the Zapatistas in future. place from the (its taking the already analysis toward (from are de-coloniality link and plans will strategic to of strategies strategies, Such is grammar with next, consequences), the do theoretical to and step, next have The coloniality we here. precisely, work lies, de-colonization the epistemic for struggle The Trade’. ‘Free Coda of instead horizon a the toward be march common will a Life’ in ‘Free equals which of in dialogue pluri-versal world a into entering of lhuhti sa wst l h atcpnsi h modernity/coloniality the in participants the all to owes essay this Although 1 otiuint aki h odr oetn i rgnlvso fthe of vision the original in his US extend the to border, in the Latino/as in the Jose walk and with to Rico system; contribution Puerto world of orientation modern/colonial top-down perspective disciplinary the original its to from analysis world-system of aeilwt nblQiaoadErqeDse stelaigfiue fthe of figures of leading exchanges the and as Ramo Dussel conversations with Enrique project; many and to Quijano Anibal much with owes material stretch last its project, nGrosfo ´n ge n i otiuint hf h perspective the shift to contribution his and ´guel imperial Saldı ´ vr n i continuing his and ´var, epaino h good the of temptation Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 h atcpn-ebr ftersac rjc eeAia Quijano, Anibal were project research the of participant-members The 2 rudbekn eetoso h hlspia n oiia ieso of dimension political his of and for category philosophical Maldonado-Torres as the Nelson the them to on cast And reflections that writing. coloniality ground-breaking of of lack forces their instead the for video overcome has barbarian using to and intellectuals’ writing patriarchy subaltern and alphabetic ‘indigenous gender of of of role problematic the the project Schiwy theorized the the Freya underline to ancestralidad. to brought order and ‘an-other has in inter-culturalidad Khatibi of and Abdelkhebir dimension from intellectuals) de-colonial takes she Afro-Andean that around by thinking’ reflection (introduced her with and work ‘ancestralidad’ Andes, ‘ı her of the with nation- concept in Walsh the the communities imagine Catherine Afro a to difference. and rethink figure colonial Indigenous to oxymoronic Bolivia. the instrumental the in across been as situation state has ‘mestizaje’ current down’ of and up-side legacy history long ‘mestizaje complex Sanjine on the Javier the work to consequences. His driving door unforeseen a are with up who dimensions opened Sanjine Maldonado-Torres new Javier Nelson of to With landscape and project century; changing Schiwy first the Freya twenty to Walsh, eighties the late of the beginning in the America’ our of ‘dialectics niu usl ahrn as,Baetr eSuaSno,Freya Santos, Sousa de Boaventura Walsh, Jose Catherine Schiwy, his Dussel, in Forum. recently Social Enrique World materialized the that for and and mid-nineties in the work in prominent advanced he that and a conversations several around Santos Sousa least, gathered de not Boaventura but with UNC, Last collaborations Arturo Knowledge. and and Modernity/Coloniality with of ‘Globalization, Duke Geopolitics conversations of the label close at past the in under the students, group and during working graduate its And working toward West). and been superior eye have Escobar its one I to (with of years, other Empire’ analysis three the Faced her and aesthetics ‘Janus for colonies trans-cultural and a inferior on ex-colonies as work Rusian/Soviet Union her of Russia/Soviet in for perspective much in Tlostanova the owe empire I Madina from Rusia/Soviet empires. my to capitalist of up arena and place opened liberal this Christian, the 2004 Western about and to questions visits 2001 relation consecutive prompted between three Moscow, and least, and vistas not (Belarus) but Last Minsk multitude. to the and In subaltern potential. the de-colonizing enormous damne an the has regard, damne time this same the (the at and being coloniality) of coloniality Sanjine ussfo h uefclywoewrsaditrssaerltd were related, are interests and works whose participant-invited faculty The Duke myself. the and from Escobar guests Arturo Lander, Edgardo Osco, ruh otefrgon i oino a pseooyo h South’ the of epistemology ‘an of notion his foreground the to brought s agrt evne-aaa,LbaGus,MreoFerna Marcelo Grueso, Libia Cervantes-Salazar, Margarita ´s, Saldı ´ damne´s ¨ trcluaia’(nrdcdb nieosintellectuals), Indigenous by (introduced nter-culturalidad’ vr esnMloaoTre,Frad ooi,Javier Coronil, Fernando Maldonado-Torres, Nelson ´var, soesu e pc n e oilatr etto next actor, social new a and space new a up opens ´s The . damne´s sI rdc n osqec of consequence a and product a IS ´s ofotu,o h n ad ihthe with hand, one the on us, confront nteps orfieyears four/five past the in EIKN 501 DELINKING s Catherine ´s, ´ndez ´s Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 0 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 502 0Tecneto dlnig i rnh l ecneto’ a nrdcdby introduced was desconnection’) ‘la French, (in ‘delinking’ of concept The 10 1Qiao(00 .447). p. (2000, Quijano 11 ujn (1992). Quijano 9 h ilorpygnrtdb ifrn ebr ftepoetaon the around project the of members (2004). different Escobar by the generated see in bibliography contextualization, explored The and ideas summary the a Grosfugel of For see version 8 theory extended more dependency a 7 of for cons (1989); and Quijano pros the on 6 update an For 5 a already has processes, colonizing the of part is knowledge that of idea The 4 http://www.usatoday.com/tech/webguide/internetlife/2004-06-03-virtual- 3 gpinscooitAi 18) seily Tepolmtco delink- of problematic ‘The 44 especially, pp (1985), ing’, Amin sociologist Egyptian (2002). Ennis & Schiwy and (2002) Grosfoguel iaeo axs n,teeoe fmdriy hs i eikn was the delinking in the caught his from still Thus, the was modernity. delink of he of level really Amin, the therefore, at of to and, proposed case Marxism difficult the of In is mirage Totality. it of delinking delinking. notion (state) modern political epistemic and economic an of level Without the at formulated its version en eae.Aogtemn ulctoso ooilt n de- Walsh and (2000), coloniality Lander of publications see already many knowledge, is being the of of de-coloniality Among coloniality and of debated. coloniality significant. quite being of is elaboration of) the de-coloniality and And (coloniality knowledge of question Lander. by article the issue same the in also, see (2000) Quijano see nineties, to power. trying (2000). epistemic not to over but were take de-colonization we cast thinking to scholarship when renaissance and power of take knowledge the politics to assault my and the of state in of It the side that assault space. path take and darker then memory by the language, the of clear followed domains on was the myself book in knowledge my I of an colonization in scholarship. was book and of her that predecessor decolonization in stating published by of Ayala, argument later, de her act Puma years opened Waman Adorno few on colonizatioin Rolena book ‘la a 1986, on classic and book her a In Mexico’ with l’imaginaire’. of suit de followed Robert conquest is Gruzinski scholar Serge ‘spiritual that scholar French the French philosophy, studies, philosophy of and colonial of spoke In sciences and Ricard colonized. social sciencies been that has social presupposed knowledge, the course of and of de-colonization concepts Fals (which Orlando books, the and arms, Dussel claim Enrique with Borda sociology, the goes and Brazilian that philosophy colonies In stated debates. the pre-concepts. clearly toward intellectual seventies early march and the imperial in scholarship Ribeiro American Darcy ‘anthropologian’ Latin in history realty_x.htm Leo and Litzinger Ralph Dainotto, Ching. Roberto Moosa, Ebrahim Cooke, Miriam mns‘eikn’wt ujn’ ‘desprendimiento’. Quijano’s with coloniality ‘delinking’ Amin’s of logic the 4.Tecneti rca n,atog nSmrAmin’s Samir in although one, crucial a is concept The 84). ilbigtgte,i opeetr fashion, complementary in together, bring will I . content ahrthan rather tteeitmclvlta sustain that level epistemic the at tal. et (2002), Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 7Anwwrigcasudrnolbrleooi esrcuaina Hardt as re-structuration economic neo-liberal under class working new A 1996. Laclau Ernesto See 17 16 intellectual: colonialismo y propia ‘Ciencia statements, initial his of one See 15 intellectual critical of work influential the example, for Argentina, In 14 in exchangeable as ‘de-coloniality’ and ‘de-colonization’ here using am I 13 idea. central the revising been has (1995) Dussel formulation initial his From 12 em ntoaim epe uttd)matqiedfeettig in things nation-states, dependent different current and Hernandez quite colonies ex-direct both, meant same their the For in multitude) that and where fact citizenship. Europe people, the nation-State, Bolivia, their (nationalism, in European Mercado by terms Zavaleta in and identified Argentina ‘people’ in also Arregui of also translation, were different notion difficult were people of clear-cut ‘multitude’ concept, the the and crucial from ‘crowd’ the that The introduced understand South abigarrada’. the then to ‘sociedad from Zavaleta even He enough society, formation. Italy!! Italian clever from class of but different in quite cholos Gramsci, was clear society mestizos, of Bolivian distinguish admirer workers’, to was ‘mine difficult which Mercado in and crowd society 1970’s a a ‘Indians’ early of formed and ‘paisants’; sense make 1960’s and to the trying In ‘Indians’ was thoughts. Bolivia, least in of at Mercado, genealogy ‘multitude’ Zavaleta two the and and ‘crowd’ stories the two However, (2000). argued Negri and 1995, Convergences’, South-North Some Justice: Social http://comm-org.utoledo.edu/si/falsborda.htm for ‘Research Bogota rumbos’ to nuevos example los good a ‘coloniality’. hand, and other the ‘colonialism’ on between is, confusion This Argentina avoid from India. if as dependence ‘colonized’ even not economic Empire, were British the the meant and Spain the England how Argentinian from clearly and shows seriously, independence Revolution Arregui Argentina French Hernandez political the 1810. in in with Spain colonization starting from of take independence trap one to the is avoid intellectual He to Argentina. critical and and Third few America be Latin the the of in should history of ‘nationalism’ colonial the that and in Europe and process World, in ‘nationalism’ a between and distinction Herna project (1969). ‘post-coloniality’. a Arregui coloniality’ to of names attributed logic meanings it ‘the diverse one the undoing other, the from and the distinguished unveiling On of on twofold. task pedagogical is and, the The de-colonization names it ‘de-coloniality’. over hand, as de-coloniality of to advantage refers distinction Maldonado-Torres Ramon historical Nelson de-colonization. epistemic the (b) and mind 1970, Grosfo Asia and and in 1947 Africa between in liberation keeping approximately, and de-colonization always political (a) but between context, See certain modernity. the ‘Trans’ are of articles concept previous the two (2002). of These Dussel introduction (2000). the Dussel for also background see respect this In ge ecie s‘eoddclnzto’adCteieWlhand Walsh Catherine and decolonization’ ‘second as described ´guel ne reu lal n ocflyagefrthe for argue forcefully and clearly Arregui ´ndez :CVlni dtr,17;admr recently, more and 1971; Editors, Valencia C ´: # plenary; n ai America Latin and EIKN 503 DELINKING Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 0 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 504 4Ia wr htclnzdclnzrcmoiehsfle nodseue I desuetude. into fallen has composite colonized/colonizer that aware am I 24 thinking be may who reader inquisitive and critical the for specify, me Let sees that left 23 European the by advanced been has that argument an is There 22 a doubt a without offers limitations, its all with Forum, Social World The 21 damne of notion philosophical the for (2004) Negri’s Torres Maldonado and See Hardt of miseries 20 and splendors The (2000). Laclau See 19 18 en nin rAr nteAeia r o nhmgnosgopeither. group homogeneous the an of not are re-production same Americas the the continuous In in Marxists). the Afro are nor or Europeans for Christians, Indians Certainly, (neither vein, cut coloniality. group of homogeneous short logic one the a not and as modernity of it rhetoric using the just as am Portuguese languages the and as German, Enlightenment. Spanish and Greek the English North; Italian, French, of the Renaissance; foundation; the in of Germany language languages and legacy England Latin Greco-Roman France, of the and South; philosophy of the the heart in in the Portugal lesson I his Europe is, say in That I conceptualization when history. Hegel’s that long homogeneous!!)’ to no the referring is replace am Europe Europe, to 2004). is George left, what (see the ‘but proletarian the from of design, argument revolution anti-US global planetary an a new is of a argument dreams The gone like world. sounds the it for model and a as Europe unmistakable week the another the still also offers Quito Americas, in the and place of Nacionalidades arguments took example. Forum las that delinking Social de limitations, the where Cumbre its all before II and with all The is, return with underway. 2004 no Indigenas, of well July of already Social in are First point Quito practices The in a Union. place Soviet limitatons, took the that its of Americas collapse the Asia the of and and Forum Africa War in Cold decolonization the after during projects delinking of articulation new 1988). works, and other class’ Rene sociologist Bolivian ‘form intellectual by , introduced radical mass’ my abigarrada’ ‘form in ‘sociedad of discussion, and categories the ‘multitude’ into the brought ground-breaking also the have forthcoming argument, 2004, I the of proceedings). March people, workshop Barbara, the the Santa in ground of agencies: (University Maldonado-Torres political Subaltern’ the of on and topology up damne ‘A the follow my subaltern, a see thesis, for breaking and thoughts. implications of categories political and history Western of limits the within caught being colonial of or imperial of subjectivity the the at at look and you histories? look When perspective local you US? the when the from same from or universals the Italy them from be abstract Bolivia, could Argentina, can from multitude, world How or nationalism colonial. as while were such imperial nation-states were nation-states American European South because explainable simply was sadtemliue ttewrso n‘h Popular ‘The on workshop the at multitude’ the and ´s aaeaMrao ntesvnis(e,among (see, seventies the in Zavaleta-Mercado, ´ Empires ispeieyin precisely lies tl,Sanand Spain Italy, sadits and ´s Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 8Wa al o hnigfreapei an rnt aqe erd or Derrida Jacques Arendt, Hanna in example for thinking for calls What 28 other among means, conversation the of terms the changing and Delinking 27 the (e.g., Organo-logy stage, new the explore not (2002). will Mignolo I see matters simplify privileges To imperial epistemic the On 26 25 h easac,udrtenm fGd(holg) h esno the of Organization cybernetics, Reason the of the of sense the supremacy (Theo-logy), in the God (e.g., and of bio- (Ego-logy), name and individual from geo- the emancipated epistemology the under modern of in unveiling Renaissance, concealed the the been (b) in has precisely and that lies reversal embodiment has time the political our of that that of affirmation gender world revolution the by ego-political modern/colonial and (a) and sexually a geo- racially, The in planet think. exist the you embodiment you of you the that you population and feel embodiment the then exist, that distributed you and from round: you think, is way that it you other realize and categories the make biographically abstract is they and of It mind; geo-historically spirit exist. the floating you to the that only heaven realize or from just come not movements. that consistent is social It and and the Fanon? academy Ayala, Frantz recent the de in Puma more intellectuals Waman and by of out example mentioned, carried early projects already the in and revolution below projects, knowledge Haitian see decolonizing and will of liberating Creoles we or the did) geo-politics as descent (as British Thus, projects and Spanish emancipating ‘object’. from describe either shape, articulate possible could could that any understanding enunciation an understanding frame center, and the and knowledge the at on of enunciation accent the geo-politics the put places while earth as investigation, the things, of of and sciences object words as links Geo-logy that us. taught assumption Foucault naturalized of the effort fracture to the things, as not ‘team’ a as The won they figures. ‘team’. team, were individual Piston’s there the no organo-logy: Detroit a to in is and of ego-logy Lakers ‘stars’ from organization Angeles no displacement importance Los an the and of the Piston of example Detroit good corporation, overcomes between 2004, a the in that Organization: final, of basketball the ‘heroe’ team, of a the favor in of longer Ego part the is of the centrality Organo- individual the within epistemology. displacing organization) Western is of within logy knowledge changes the paradigmatic and chonological knowledge dominant of the organization in framed been has as modernity. you Latin if imperial/colonial epistemology European and a (or of Greek wish cosmology history you by the if to (or provided different epistemology wish) an very provide is hand other, one that the the cosmology) on on Wolof Quechua and and and languages Aymara Bantu not. Latin or are and Afro Greek and in Indians grounded Christianity. is diversity European However, ti ewoosre h yentcapoc scnrlycnendwith concerned centrally observed is approach of cybernetic because The science systems observe. observing who ‘the of (Organo-logy). we science individual is ‘the that from it the divorced realized be over cannot quickly systems’ knowledge) researchers of Cybernetic organization the and kubernetes, nweg fteorganization the of knowledge EIKN 505 DELINKING Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 0 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 506 0Rln Adorno Rolena 2000). (1986, Adorno 30 29 1Aon 96 p 12 pp. 1986, Adorno 31 2Ai 95 p 41 pp. 1985, Amin 32 e uo aie 20) rea 20) n bv l h Zapatistas the all above and Caracoles, (2003), Los on Ornelas of creation (2003), documents Mignolo the Ramirez to French see movement Munoz the the revolution, of see or history theoretical the American Zapatistas for the and the (2000) as with For a different system, a were). the movement) decolonization just revolutions within is social together it emancipation delinking the for without brings name of decolonization is, clearly (that that (e.g., terrain that turning delinking a diffrerent literary revolution as a Adorno remain Zapatistas theoretical historical The in will whether scholarship. what historical of performed debate to and ignore literary have course forum cannot attempted to contribution we of her have the but of could point I not, in been We or follow succesful is 3). decolonization has that was It p. of pages book. it (1986, the the act scholarship’ praised although ‘In an that though: misunderstood, critics perform loud, the be and of most clear hardly by forgotten can conveniently that of statement and dominance values growing corporate the the Thus, to metaphor. train. imperial corresponds the overarching same from university as the US, Organo-logy the the see in will of minimizing universities we orientation the efficiency on, of gain administration 80s to the late look order of we organization in the If etc. to costs. devoted an publication offices, entirely with was business, monthly (and journal corporation, world the the $250), executive of the Argentina, cost to annual in Addressed started. too, was (Management) mid-nineties started Publications the Sage mid-nineties, In the in it journal: least, that news not out a but point Last to the systems. interesting interpersonal in of is hardware, managerial and/or and software social in of design ‘instrumentally’ applied by and offered with used possibilities conjunction views were emancipating in ‘scientific’ the Implemented hard too. designs, few) rigorous conventional, imperial/global a of be more can name descriptions from cybernetics (to different although Cybernetic intelligence quite description. or be the performance, may arts, in its language, observer minimum, descriptions psychology, specifically, the At this and, In include descriptions, epistemology’. useful subjectivity. that ‘applied of own production called our the is aptly know: utility can is we cybernetics what way of limit unavoidable this rcse r aigpaei h ol oilFrm(eSuaSantos, Souza (de Forum Social World the in place 2003). taking are similar least, processes not concept but the Asturies/ Last all (www.ecoloxistesasturies.org/Temas/ Campo/ViaCampesinaSoberaniaAlimentaria.doc), above and alimentaria’ Campesina ‘soberania Via of organization the is delinking social ? w.znog nte aia xml feitmcand epistemic of example radical Another www.ezln.org. raiain h nedsilnr ora fTer n Society and Theory of Journal Interdisciplinary The Organization. eia oko aa uad yl pn iha with opens Ayala de Puma Waman on work seminal s 84. 35. cybernetics Gestion . Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 8Amin (1995). Trouillot 38 37 the of question a the just not in is Gobierno’ theo-politics epistemic Buen that de mind in ‘Juntas bear Please to reference the 36 that think not do I 35 complemen- the describe to politics body expression the using been have I to conclusion the in 34 argument this developed I 33 8WyJdimwsnthgmncisedo hitaiy saohrstory another is Christianity, of instead hegemonic not was Judaism Why (1997). Botana 17. 48 p. 1987, Habermas, 17. 47 p. 1987, Habermas 46 (1987). Habermas 45 (1994). Williams 44 modernity 43 at looking point, same the on revealing very Also (1995). Ortiz Martı See 42 (2002). Ferguson 41 (1993). Gidden 40 39 odln rmteSve no,nihrtestaino Japan of situation the neither union, Soviet the from delink to aatnuuwe h pns rie ihteitnino aigover taking of intention the souls. with called and arrived government break, Spanish gold, epistemological the spatial when an Tawantinsuyu from of comes and as Pachakuti organo-logy), de-coloniality theo- knowledge and of (ego-logy as brilliant Reason See de-colonization Secular far the sciences. think and Theology social to in beyond the useful as vengeance being of is It foundation with (1990). ego-political now Millbank the resurfacing of ego- epistemic critique is of political dominance World it the New to and the next and alive politics Renaissance and European well the remained It of colonies. history the in buried past, past. the in reference without Zapatista more imperial of is knowledge body-politics of it heterosexual politics hegemonic and hand, modernity. the male European ‘thinking behind other white, the invisible, of the lies, the sexuality visible that and making On gender to and color, Foucault phenomena. the body’; Michel visible social by make used to shift. different appropriate expression de-colonial same a the the mean with in confusion knowledge the of avoid geo-politic the Grosfo Ramon of dimension thinking’). other tary an logic, other an language, other (‘An htsalb ikdwt h osldto faJw tt fe 98 n the and 1948; after state Jews a of consolidation the with linked be shall that historical the (in colonies the of view of point (1986). Mintz the looking is or from sense) sense), empires epistemological the the (in coloniality at of perspective the from capitalists and liberal 1500. since of expansion Western frame of the history the within in is, out that empires, thought was Delinking ? elnigpooa i o otmlt h edo oitcolonies Soviet of need the contemplate not did proposal de-linking s ? nAcf n edea(2000). Mendieta and Alcoff ´n h unaon enfo h esetv fteihbtnsof inhabitants the of perspective the from seen around turn the , oiia hoyadpltcleooyaeo eetinvention recent of are economy political and theory political s ge ugse bd-oiis nta hc,o h n hand, one the on which, instead ‘body-politics’ suggested ´guel oa itre/lblDesigns Histories/Global Local EIKN 507 DELINKING ? colonies. s Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 0 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 508 9W hudke nmn htteetelgco ooilt n h rhetoric the and coloniality of logic the there that mind in keep should We 49 8Hgl12,p 350. p. 1822, Hegel 102. p. 1822, Hegel 58 (1822). Hegel 47. 57 p. 2003, Tlostanova 56 55 ‘ as translated enough Interestingly (2000). Mignolo See 54 53 re- who those by invented was but invented, was ‘tradition’ that energy course and Of life also but space/time 52 meaning, complex of word a is ‘Pacha’ 51 on book Eurocentrism, (1998, Zizek and (1997) Badiou example for Take 50 eacutfrti ope ofiuainbsdo h rnil that principle coloniality progress lives) the and human of of emancipation on logic expendability salvation, based the of configuration rhetoric with complex the can combines this How and fundamentalisms. modernity Japan for Islamic of of Liberal role raise account the the and and revolution, we order, Soviet Christian global the the bring the in to China England need of the Holland, scope is Portugal, a France), (Spain, at limited and Europe coloniality Western the of of logic beyond colonialism the capitalist and and needs modernity that scale, question of The rhetoric world world. the the bring over to all attention expanded (2003). been in has Chua modernity (e.g., see of power US, of the structure in existing as with well complicity as in Russia play Jews that role pns rnltosrtie h ilclmaigi axsonlanguage: sin. own original Marx’s the in in meaning as biblical ‘original’ the retained translations Spanish narratives. its universal hided as European themselves grounded, from presented geo-politically and narratives co- bases fully of century denial geo-political perspectives, the nineteenth ‘tradition’ of Such and But power the perspectives. barbarians. eighteenth is that and in and Age time, evalness and and Middle space Renaissance both of the encompasses of instead narratives ‘tradition’ the needed Enlightenment (1987). the Harris ‘humans’ during & which articulated of Bouysse-Cassagne organisms See living part. of small under- forms a its imperial only all are the in a (2002). life of Mignolo encompasses is see critique that arguments It a Zizek’s think. and For they Badiou’s what they hiding. both doing with openly of and for pinnings and doing others criticize are from to ‘hegemonic able themselves bodies be a bio- to the in and position’ geo- ‘privilege inscribed of of the both invisible favour inscriptions makes are in hegemonic, historical they politics’ because identity that, that politics’ ‘minorities fact identity of the critique hides a universalism, cases, both 2006). In Tlostanova god). & Mignolo of 2003, concepts (Tlostanova the modernity need of we rhetoric the coloniality, differences on of imperial Soviet based logic and narratives the the colonial the and on of modernity terms To focus of fundamentalisms. in Islamic and rhetoric complexity of historical consideration, rise the the my for on account and of Russia out post-Soviet and Japan Union and China leave shsbe rae n ocpulzdb the by conceptualized and created been has as hti ocas o esno pc will I space of reason For conceals? it that primitive fgncd,opeso,exploitation, oppression, genocide, of cuuain nEgih while English, in accumulation’ Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 9Ihv ofotdHnigo’ oiini w eaaeesy.One, essays. separate two in position Huntington’s confronted have I 59 0Iue‘uoetrd sadsrpietr,vr uhi h es htCarl that sense the in much very term, descriptive a as ‘Eurocentered’ use I thinking of habit 70 old by confused be cannot reader (2003b). the Mignolo so in of paradigm’ repeat edition ‘an-other second of me idea the Let the to develop afterword and the introduce I in 69 detail more in idea 68 this develop I 67 Santa from Universe, Miss to candidate Bolivian of anecdote of interesting The edition second the to 66 after-word the See (2003a) Mignolo 65 (2003). Acosta de 64 63 Fez to Beijing from century, thirteenth the circa World-System’, circuits Modern commercial the the For in Americas the or 62 concept, a as ‘Americanity 61 identity minority of attack virulent Zizek that interesting and curious is It 60 ytm,Bree,Arl20.T peri h ofrneproceedings, conference the Ramo in World appear the by in To Modern/Colonial ‘Latino/as 2004. edited conference the April the Berkeley, in of orally System’, Horizon first presented the was world’ ‘Latinidad’in Fears: ‘Huntington’s tasto’fo h r-lblt h lblea.Freape Schmitt example, For . era global the the calls he to what pre-global in is, the that from century, massive sixteenth ‘transition’ legalized the since that imperial land law’ of six international appropriation ‘Eurocentered the as and describes of Schmitt Latin billions Greek, indirectly in world): or languages. European the directly modern/colonial over language-memory- penetrated a all not and than consciousness geography a apparatus is West conceptual the that granted for taking Renaissance the of Side now Darker years, The 500 (Amy economy after market Bolivia by generated in racism violence 2003) persist racial the Chua of that power for fact new of the to matrix of integrated revealing colonial is the Economist), and The Nacional, (El Cruz 2003. (2000). the Mignolo of see foundation power, the and of its circuit, in matrix Atlantic commercial colonial the previous of the emergence in the For consequences (1989). Abu-Lughod see Venice, and 549 pp. 134, ISSAI, in (2004). a Derrida Maldonado-Torres Levinas, Bambach’s See in including philosophy, reframes Zizek. continental Maldonado-Torres and coloniality, to it of Nelson extended perspective an case 2003). critique the practitioners the from in their (Bambach shown critique knowledge has Heidegger powerful Bambach of as Martin ego-politics geo-politics, own and of their theo- to as blind the that, been be of have may case reason The the intact. politics in identity hegemonic the left politics conference Universidad and 91 UNESCO the Janeiro: pp. de Mendes, (Rio in Candido Mendes and Candido US read by edited the ings, paper to Empires Union’, Transmodernite´ Spanish European and Ottoman the the From Metamorphosis: Itnu,Arl20) ulse ntecneec proceed- conference the in published 2005), April (Istanbul, nGrosfo ´n 557. ge ta.Tescn,‘Imperial/Colonial second, The al. et ´guel 4,2005). 145, . h akrSd fRenaissance of Side Darker The EIKN 509 DELINKING sa,Latinite´, Islam, , Downloaded By: [Canadian Research Knowledge Network] At: 20:41 22 May 2007 1 UTRLSTUDIES CULTURAL 510 1Li aa n og Garcı Jorge and Macas Luis 71 73 conceptual the used Marx’s that is point Dussel’s (2001). Dussel Enrique 72 0Kslek(1985). Koselleck 80 normally is (that epistemology and identity between links unavoidable The (1992). Badiou 79 Anzaldu 78 (1999). Amselle 77 Anzaldu 76 (2004). Huntington 75 74 urclmo h nvria neclua elsPelsyNaciones y Pueblos los de Intercultural Universidad Indı the of paradigm. curriculum an-other from but how the paradigm is from of interpretations That different perspective history. and through same not same African Germany work, the and from to at Africa Schmitt begins looking de-coloniality from fence: both Grovogui are the they History, of that European side then is different of and difference and from The Europe, system US phenomenon Imperial Schmitt the de- the of and by combination in (1996). up appropriation powerful taken interests a land Grovogui are massive and from law N’Zatioula that international Hitler), independently agree by after would (and provided Grovogui Germany is coloniality the coloniality, in from concerns German perspective and modernity Schmitt’s from The perspective laudable, the is to honesty interests. limited His to remains Euro-centered. rise view totally gave his land law but of international appropriation of that system states a clearly analysis Schmitt (2001). nvria neclua snta sltdpeoeo si salready is (http:// it Americas the as in People phenomenon Indigenous the isolated www.aulaintercultural.org/breve.php3?id_breve of network an the not to connected is The Intercultural http://icci.nativeweb.org/boletin/19/macas.html. Universidad see, view general axblnst ifrneeitmcsae h pc fde-coloniality on of take Earth space the Dussel’s of that the Wretched is space: The underlying post-structuralism. epistemic of I difference than what a rather out, political to that of belongs point Althusser discourse Marx in Although ideological (1979)). wrong Balibar the not that (See is discourse translated in scientific and, to a colonies into Althus- was economy the For break of epistemologique’. Marx’s perspective ‘coupure ser, the Althuser’s from Louis supersedes Europe re- sense, of the looking was from history during comes serfdom the insight capitalism Dussel’s and at social centuries. slavery Marx when seventeenth new massive the a that and replaced Europe, of sixteenth and that saying revolution in proletariat, industrial the to the coloniality class, of equivalent emergence of the is by logic articulated that capital- the argument, and labor unveiled my plus-valued linking In logic the accumulation. unveil to science of apparatus a enceryadfreul rudb nltcadLtn philosopher Latina and analytic by female), argued and (2005). forcefully male Alcoff and epistemologies’, Linda clearly ‘white been of perspective has the from denied gnsdlEudr nvria niaSimo Andina Universidad Ecuador, del ´genas a18,p 108. p. 1987, ´a (1987). ´a ( e an´ el terre la de damne´s Les ai noa rsnaino h oland goal the of presentation oral an in ´a ,16,p.3,40. 30, pp. 1961, ), nBolı ´n / 184). vr uy20.Fra For 2002. 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University Princeton Princeton: . acm j el eitni aait.Del Zapatista. resistencia la de eje como ´a n shrCecen Esther Ana , lfeoyl palabra la y fuego El nindı ´n 221. oeegs us oein n Africans and Soverigns Quasi Sovereigns, d ent uig pca su of issue Special Suring. Kenneth ed. , d add edzadEnrique and Mendez Candido eds , e ok omnadLittlefield and Rowman York: New . gn elsAme´ricas las de ´gena hnigfo h nesd fHistory. of Underside the from Thinking nuigEcatet,South Enchantments, Enduring nid´ead a Ame´ricas las de indı´gena ´n 96. uoenJunlo Social of Journal European ˜ 14) uhm Duke Durham: (1940). cm..CLACSO, (comp.). a .Me 954. itra Locales/ Historias d Heraclio ed. , xc:Planeta ´xico: EIKN 513 DELINKING eeoisy Hegemonias London: . Los . , . 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City sr Go ´stro hplHl:TeUiest fNorth of University The Hill: Chapel . rdi elalmn a Lilyane par l’allemand de Traduit . o.8 o ,p.29 pp. 1, no. 8, vol. , 98. 580. mz atao(d)(2002), (eds) Santiago ´mez, rtclInquiry Critical rc Latina’, ´rica aPaz-Cochabamba: La . rtclEsy nSylvia on Essays Critical 56. nBolı ´n o.24, vol. , Nepantla. Nepantla. vry ´var .