Monthly Current AffairsTitle Capsule & Quiz OctoberTitle 2019 and a host of other weaponry to showcase its military might. On 1st October 1949, Mao Zedong announced the formation of the PRC, after communist forces won a bloody civil war. International Day of the Older Persons: 01 Palestine issues a commemorative stamp to October honour Mahatma Gandhi on 150th birth anniversary The International Day of Older Persons is observed on October 1 every year. Palestine has released a commemorative postage The day is observed to raise problems faced by the elder persons and to promote the stamp on Mahatma Gandhi, honouring his legacy and values, to mark the 150 birth anniversary of the world development of a society for all ages. leader. 2019 Theme: ‘The Journey to Age Equality’. China celebrates 70 years of communism with a Palestinian Authority's Minister of Telecommunication and Information massive military parade Technology Ishaaq Seder released the stamp in Ramallah. Palestine's issuance of the commemorative stamp comes in honour of Gandhi's memory, legacy, and values that guided and shall continue to guide humanity. World Teacher’s Day: 05 October China celebrated its 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) with a massive military parade on 1 October. It is China’s most important and high-profile event of the year. The main event of the celebrations of the day was the largest parade held by the Chinese World Teachers' Day, also known as International military involving 15,000 troops and a Teachers Day, is an international day held annually display of the nation's latest nuclear and on October 5. hypersonic missiles, besides stealth aircraft It is observed to commemorate the adoption It is the anniversary of the establishment of of the 1996 ILO/ UNESCO recommendation the Universal Postal Union in 1874 in the concerning the status of teachers, their rights Swiss Capital, Bern. and responsibilities. It was declared World Post Day by the UPU This year's theme for the teachers' day is Congress held in Tokyo, Japan in 1969. "Young Teachers: The Future of the Posts in many countries use the event to Profession". introduce or promote new postal products and services. Festival of Fulpati being celebrated in Nepal World Mental Health Day: 10 October In Nepal, the festival of Fulpati is being celebrated with gaiety and religious fervour. World Mental Health Day is observed on 10 October Fulpati is observed on the seventh day of every year. Dashain festival. In Nepali, "Ful" means flower and "Pati" The day is observed every year to global means leaves and plants. mental health education, awareness and There is a tradition in Nepal to bring nine advocacy against social stigma. types of Fulpati into homes on the seventh It was first celebrated in 1992 at the initiative day of Navaratri. of the World Federation for Mental Health, a It is believed that Fulpati represents nine global mental health organization with Goddess and they brings health, wealth and members and contacts in more than 150 prosperity to the homes. countries. Dashain is the biggest festival in Nepal. Theme: “suicide prevention” World Post Day: 09 October International Day of The Girl Child: 11 October International Day of the Girl Child is an important observance held every year on October 11. World Post Day is celebrated every year on 9 October. There are several other names of the day, such as Day of Girls, World Girl Child Day, International Girl Child Day and International Day of The Girl. The aim behind this international observance declared by the United Nations (UN) and first celebrated in 2012 is to raise girls' issues worldwide. The observation supports more opportunities World Arthritis Day is observed every year on 12 for girls and increases awareness of gender October. inequality faced by girls worldwide based upon their gender. The day is meant to raise awareness about Theme : GirlForce: Unscripted and arthritis, a condition that is characterised by unstoppable inflammation in bones and joints. World Arthritis Day is meant to educate Singapore will become the first country to ban ads people about problems faced by people with for sugary drinks arthritis, how the condition affects their day- to-day lives and what can be done for treatment and prevention of arthritis. World Migratory Bird Day (WMBD): 12 October Singapore will become the first country in the world to ban advertisements for the most unhealthy sugary drinks. World Migratory Bird Day (WMBD) is an annual The health ministry called the ban as its latest awareness day observed every year on 12 October. move to combat rising diabetes rates. Products deemed "less healthy" must now The aim of this day is to highlight the need display labels grading their nutritional and for the conservation of migratory birds and sugar content. their habitats. Those considered to be most unhealthy will It has a global outreach and is an effective be banned from appearing in ads across all tool to help raise global awareness of the media platforms, including broadcast, print threats faced by migratory birds, their and online channels. ecological importance, and the need for international cooperation to conserve them. World Arthritis Day: 12 October Theme: ‘Protect Birds: Be the Solution to Plastic Pollution’ Dubai prepares to host 2019 First Global DXB Challenge their exposure to disasters and raising awareness about the importance of reining in the risks that they face. 2019 Theme: Reduce disaster damage to critical infrastructure and disruption of basic services World Standards Day: 14 October Dubai prepares to host the 2019 First Global DXB Challenge, a large gathering for creative young minds in the fields of robotics and artificial intelligence. The event will bring together more than 1,500 youth from over 191 countries to collaborate, create and compete for a better future. World Standards Day (or International Standards The First Global Challenge seeks to Day) is celebrated internationally each year on 14 encourage and empower youth with a passion October. for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, develop their skills and equip The aim of World Standards Day is to raise them with the tools necessary to contribute to awareness among regulators, industry and shaping the future. consumers as to the importance of The Challenge aims to address the world’s standardization to the global economy. most critical environmental issues such as Around the globe, it is celebrated by the wastage of water and energy, sustainability members of IEC (the International Electro- and pollution through global robotics technical Commission), ISO (The competition. International Organization for Standardization) and ITU (The International International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction: 13 Telecommunication Union). October 2019 theme: Video standards create a global stage International Day of Rural Women: 15 October The International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction is observed on 13 October every year. The aim of this day is to promote a global culture of risk-awareness and disaster International Day of Rural Women is celebrated reduction. every year on 15 October. The day celebrates how people and communities around the world are reducing The day recognizes rural women’s Notably, in 2010, the United Nations importance in enhancing agricultural and declared October 15 to be World Students' rural development worldwide. Day. The first International Day of Rural Women Mr Kalam died of a cardiac arrest while was observed on 15 October 2008. delivering a lecture to the students of IIM 2019 Theme: Rural Women and Girls Shillong on July 27, 2015. Building Climate Resilience World Food Day: 16 October Bangladesh becomes 2nd fastest growing economy in South Asia World Food Day is celebrated every year around the Bangladesh has become the second-fastest growing world on 16 October in honour of the date of the economy in South Asia after Bhutan. founding of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in 1945. World Bank in its report 'South Asia Economic Focus, Making (De) The day raises awareness and action on Centralization Work' says that GDP growth hunger to ensure food security and nutritious rate of the country is projected to moderate to diet for all. 7.2 per cent this fiscal year and 7.3 per cent 2019 theme: ‘Our Actions Are Our Future in 2020 in Bangladesh. Healthy Diets for A #ZeroHunger World’ In Bhutan, GDP growth is expected to jump to 7.4 per cent this fiscal year. Kais Saied wins Tunisia presidency election Growth in South Asia is projected to fall to 5.9 per cent in 2019. World Students' Day 2019: 15 October Tunisia's election commission said a preliminary count shows conservative law professor Kais Saied has won the country's presidential election by a World Students' Day is celebrated every year on significant margin. October 15 on former president APJ Abdul Kalam's birthday. The commission reported that Saied received 72.71% of the vote. The day is commemorated on his birth His opponent, media mogul Nabil Karoui, got anniversary because Dr Kalam was a 27.29%. dedicated teacher. The 61-year-old Saied is an independent Devotees of Lalon from across the country outsider but has support from moderate party and the world have congregated at the shrine Ennahdha, which won Tunisia's to participate in the three-day-long parliamentary election last week. programme which is being organised by the Lalon academy and the culture ministry of Points to Remember Bangladesh. Lalon is believed to be born in 1774 though Capital: Tunis no written records exist. Currency: Tunisian dinar It is said that Lalon was born Hindu but he was raised by a Muslim family after he was International Poverty Eradication Day: 17 abandoned by his own family when he got October infected with smallpox and thrown into a river.