October 16, 2019 Richard Celotto

(page) indicates page in the IJF 32-page official document 01.19.2018 Detailed Explanation of the 2018 IJF Refereeing Rules.

1. Rolling during the landing of a will be considered Ippon, ONLY if there is no break during the throwing action! (page 9b)

2. Two waza-ari are equivalent to one ippon (waza-ari awasete ippon) and the contest will be ended. (page 11)

3. All situations of “voluntarily” landing in the position will be considered Ippon. (page 17)

4. Head Defense (Head Post - “voluntarily” use of the head for defense to avoid landing in/escaping from a score will be given hansoku make. Matte, conference, unanimous with (page 17) supervisors’ approval. In these cases, uke would land on their stomach, front side or knees.

5. Involuntary Head Defense (Head Plant)– no penalty -for tori or uke. Special attention will be given where tori attempts to throw his opponent during tachi waza and uke’s head impacts the tatami involuntarily. (page 18)

6. Immobilization Kata shiho gatame (arm out) - no osaekomi (page 26)

7. Golden score can only be won by a technical score (waza-ari or ippon) or

hansoku make (direct or cumulative shido). (page 9)

8. Shime waza with leg stretch - Shime waza or kansetsu waza while over stretching a straight leg is forbidden. Matte must be called immediately and shido will be given unless injury, then hansoku make may be called. (page 26) Gripping behind knee and above-o.k., below the knee to ankle illegal.

9. Leg grabbing or blocking or grabbing the trousers will be given shido, EACH TIME. (page 52-54)

ALLOWED 10. There will be up to three shido for hansoku make with regard to the leg grab. (page 52) 11. Using Shime waza or Kansetsu waza when both contestants are in Tachi waza is not allowed and Matte should be called and shido given. If an injury occurs, then Hansoku make may be in order. New as of January 2018 (page 56) e.g. No tobi juji (flying juji gatame), Tsurikomi jime, Waki gatame.

12. from ne-waza to tachi waza is allowed as long as it is not dangerous. (e.g. one behind the other, superior grip, etc. The standing contestant can then throw the contestant still on the ground (one or both knees) for scoring purposes. New as of January 2018. (page 56) If the leg is grabbed after a ne waza to tachi waza transition situation, Matte should be called, shido will be given. If one were to grab the leg when both are in ne-waza and the other stands, Mate is called and no penalty. 13. In kaeshi waza the use of kaeshi sutemi cannot score if the kaeshi sutemi lands first. In the case of kaeshi waza, tori (the thrower) who is applying the counter attack, CANNOT use the impact of landing on the 1

tatami as a fulcrum point. However, if the kaeshi sutemi disrupts the original tori’s control and it is the player who executed the sutemi kaeshi who brought the players to the mat, the original tori should not be awarded a score. Remember if there is any doubt, let the action continue. (page 22) Direct Sutemi waza can score. In the case, where the uke doing the kaeshi sutemi throws and the original tori (opponent) impacts first, in this case a score can be given. Remember “Riding” situations. 14. Negative Judo (SOR Article 23) Extreme cases very negative Judo. See Topic 45 for detail. (page 60) 15. Very Important (page 61) If it is not extremely clear who should receive the score or penalty, in the spirit of fair play it is better not to make any decision and to allow the contest to continue.

Reiterations (Restatements), Clarifications and Reminders

Main Points (page 4b) indicates page in the IJF 32-page official document 01.19.2018 Detailed Explanation of the 2018 IJF Judo Refereeing Rules.

16. Definition of Waza-ari and of Ippon -amplification of the evaluation of Ippon, more value will now be given. (2014) 17. Give the power to the central referee on the tatami to do their job and for supervisors and referee commission to intervene ONLY when there is a major mistake. 18. Continue to promote positive judo.

19. Men and Women four-minute contest duration. (page 6b) (2017)

20. Evaluation of the points in Nage-waza (page 9b) (2017) a. There will now only be Ippon and Waza-ari Scores. b. Ippon will be given when the contestant throws his opponent on the back, applying a technique or countering his opponent’s attacking technique with considerable ability with maximum efficiency. c. “ikioi” = momentum with both speed and force d. “hazumi”-skillfulness with impetus, sharpness or rhythm. e. Criteria for Ippon 1. Speed 2. Force 3. On the back 4. Skillfully Control until the end of the landing. f. Rolling during the landing of a throw will be considered Ippon, ONLY if there is no break during the throwing action! (Topic 1)

21. Evaluation of the Points (page 11) a. Waza-ari will be given when the four Ippon criteria are not fully achieved. (page 11) b. The value of Waza-ari includes those given for Yuko in the past. (2017) (page 11) c. Two waza-ari are equivalent to one ippon (waza-ari awasete ippon) and the contest will be ended. [NEW] (2018) (changed back to 2016 protocol) (Topic 2) (page 11) d. Rolling can be considered Waza-ari, if there is a break during the landing. (page 11)

e. When thrown (e.g. o uchi gari, etc.) landing on both elbows or two arms (hands) is considered valid and should be evaluated as waza-ari. (2017) (page 14) f. Landing on one elbow, on the buttocks or knee with immediate continuation on the back will be waza-ari. (2014) (Long landings) (page 14) g. Landing on one elbow and one hand is considered valid and should be evaluated as Waza-ari. h. No Waza-ari Landings at -90º should not score. Landing on the side at 90º or greater (>) to about 135⁰ should score waza-ari. (2017) (page 15) i. No waza-ari Elbow/arm down - leaving a space between the side of uke’s body and the mat. (2013) If the arm collapses down during the landing, waza-ari shall be given. 2

22. Bridge (page 17) (Clarified 2014) a. All situations of “voluntarily” landing in the bridge position will be considered Ippon. [NEW] Back to 2016 protocol. (Topic 3) b. Head defense - “Voluntarily” use of the head for defense (Posting) to avoid landing in/escaping from a score will be given hansoku make. [NEW] With consultation of the judges and jury. Must be unanimous. (2018) (Topic 4)

23. Involuntary Head Defense – no penalty -for tori or uke. [NEW] (pages 18-21) (2018) Special attention will be given to the following situations where tori attempts to throw his opponent during tachi waza and uke’s head impacts the tatami involuntarily. (Topic 5) a. Seoi otoshi b. Sode tsurikomi goshi with the grip on both sleeves c. Koshi guruma with both grips on the collar. (These are just some examples.)

24. Attack and Counterattack (Kaeshi Waza) (page 22) (defined 2017) (Topic 13) a. In the case of attack or counter attack the first competitor landing on his side (Yoko sutemi waza) or back (Ma sutemi waza) cannot score unless he takes clear control of the movement in a tachi waza position and finishes the action. In the case of kaeshi waza, tori (the thrower) who is applying the counter attack, CANNOT use the impact of landing on the tatami as a fulcrum point. (2018) b. If a score can be given it will be assigned. c. If the two athletes land together without clear control for either one, no score will be given. d. Any action after landing will be considered as a ne-waza action.

25. Immobilizations (Osaekomi) (page 23) (2017) a. Waza-ari 10 seconds (10-19.9 seconds) A hold and throw combination will be Waza-ari awasete Ippon. b. Ippon 20 seconds

26. Immobilization The ura position is now valid. (page 24) (2014) 27. Immobilization Kata shiho gatame (arm out)- no osaekomi [NEW] (page 25) (Has been in place since 2008, not spelled out until 2018.) (Topic 6)

28. Osaekomi (page 30) a. Osaekomi called inside will be able to continue completely outside. (2016) b. If during ne-waza on the edge of the contest area with one or both competitors mostly outside or completely outside in the safety area, uke escapes from an osaekomi and immediately enters into an osaekomi in a smooth and continuous succession, it shall be valid and the action allowed to go outside. (2015)

29. Technical Scores (page 8) a. In regular time (4 minutes) a contest can only be won by a technical score of waza-ari or ippon. (2017) b. A penalty or penalties will not decide the winner, except hansoku make (direct or accumulative) (2017) c. A penalty is never a score. (2015) d. There are now two shido and the third shido becomes hansoku make. (2017)

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30. Golden Score (page 9) a. When both players have no technical score or the technical scores are equal at the end of the regular contest time, the contest shall continue in Golden Score regardless of shido(s) given. (2017) b. Any existing score(s) and/or shido(s) from the regular time (contest) are carried into Golden Score period and will remain on the scoreboard. (2016) c. Golden score can only be won by a technical score (waza-ari or ippon) or hansoku make (direct or cumulative shido). [NEW] (2018) (Topic 7) d. A penalty is never a score.

31. Application of Kumi Kata The time between normal kumi kata and making an attack is extended up to 45 seconds as long as there is a positive progression. (2017)

32. Shido (pages 36-39) a. Breaking the grip of the opponent with two hands. (page 36) (2013) b. Avoid or break (remove) uke’s grip with a blow (strike) on his arm or hand. (page 37) c. Pulling out the bottom of uke’s jacket or his own jacket. (page 37) (defined 2009, 2013) d. Covering the edge/lapel of his own jacket preventing the grip of his opponent. (also, keeping it away) (page 37) (2009, 2013) e. Blocking the opponents hand(s) by interlocking fingers. (page 38) f. Using the knee to press or strike (kote tataki) to remove a grip or put the hand behind the knee and draw the knee back to break a grip on the opponent. (page 39) (defined 2014)

33. Judogi (page 6) (2017) a. For better efficiency and to have a good grip it is necessary for the jacket to be well fitted in the belt, with the belt tied tightly. b. To reinforce that, the competitor shall arrange their judogi and belt quickly between Matte and Hajime announced by the referee. c. If an athlete intentionally loses time arranging his jacket and belt, he will receive shido.

34. Unconventional (Not-normal) (Unorthodox) Kumi kata (pages 40-44) (2013) a. To simplify the refereeing and its understanding, some of the actions on how to grab the jacket or belt, all not-normal (unconventional) kumi kata (pistol grip, pocket grip, belt grip, two hands one side grip, one handed grip, cross back grip, wrist grip, etc.) is allowed if followed by an immediate attack. (2013) b. In the case of no immediate attack with not-normal (unconventional) grips, it will be penalized by shido. (2013)

35. Bending Position (Crushing) (page 45) (defined 2009) To force the opponent with both arms to take a bending position without immediate attack will be penalized by shido for a blocking attitude. Know the difference between crushing and defensive posture.

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36. One or Two Feet Outside of the Contest Area (page 46) (2014) a. One foot outside the contest area without immediate attack or not returning immediately into the contest area will be given shido. b. Two feet outside without an attack, matte and shido!

37. Bear Hug (pages 47-49) (2010, redefined 2015) a. From the front, tori has no pre-grip, arms come in simultaneously, hands go to the back of uke. - shido. b. If tori’s hands go to uke’s back, not at the same time (not simultaneously), then the action is valid. c. If blue attacks with an illegal bear hug or leg grab and white counters the action and throws for Waza-ari, the referee will announce Waza-ari for white and shido for blue. (page 49) d. If blue attacks with an illegal bear hug or leg grab and white counters the action and throws for Ippon, the referee will announce Ippon for white. the penalty is not given. (2013) 38. Leg Entanglement used as a lure. (page 50) (more defined 2015) The act of entanglement (o uchi gari) (includes sticky foot behind the knee) without making an immediate attack, must be penalized with shido.

39. (page 51) O uchi foot with toe wrap, facing more or less the same direction, kicking the leg forward and both falling backward. (more defined 2012)

40. Leg Grabbing (pages 52-54) a. Leg grabbing or blocking or grabbing the trousers will be given shido, EACH TIME. [NEW] (2018) (Topic 9) b. There will be up to three shido for hansoku make. [NEW] (2017) (Topic 10) c. Leg grabbing is allowed if the arm used to block is gripping the sleeve or jacket above the belt. (2017) (page 54)

41. Shime waza -forbidden (pages 27) a. Shime waza is not allowed with either your own or your opponent’s belt (Obi jime) or bottom of the jacket (Suso jime) or using the fingers. (redefined 2014) b. The action shall be penalized by shido. c. Shime waza while over stretching a straight leg (hiza hishigi juji gatame) is forbidden. Matte must be immediately given. Shido should be given. (2016) (Topic 8)

42. Valid Action - no shido (page 28) a. Grab leg in transition from tachi-waza to ne-waza. If there is no continuity. E.g. Drop seoi to British roll. (2015) Tori in this tachi-waza position can apply kansetsu waza or shime waza because uke is in a ne-waza position.

b. Valid action-no matte. Going completely out during entry into kansetsu waza. Used to be imminent, now effective. (2013) c. Valid action-no matte. Going completely outside during entry into shime waza. Used to be imminent, now effective. (2013)

d. Valid action-no matte Going completely outside during entry into osaekomi waza. Used to be imminent, now effective. (2013)

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43. Kata Sankaku Grip (page 55) (defined 2017) a. It is allowed to use kata sankaku grip in ne-waza action. b. Kata-sankaku grip in ne-waza is prohibited to block the opponent’s body with the legs and must be Matte. (From with legs wrapped legally around opponent’s body.) This puts the neck in a dangerous (injurious) situation. No penalty unless injury. c. Kata-sankaku grip in tachi-waza must be Matte. No penalty, unless injury. 44. When is Ne-waza? (page 55b) (defined 2017) a. Both athletes must have two knees on the mat, for it to be considered ne-waza. Definition changed 2019 b. No contact between the opponents must be Matte. c. Lying on the stomach on the ground, one on the ground and one standing. d. One standing and one kneeling, facing each other. No immediate attack, kneeling player cannot block or grab legs (shido). If standing does not attack, referee calls Matte!

45. Nage waza – valid situations (page 57) a. In tachi waza, tori may use sutemi in a skillful manner and enter into ne-waza applying a kansetsu waza. Changed in 2019. Now covered under topic 11 in this document. b. One standing, the other on their knees. In this position, tori can apply a throwing technique and can continue with kansetsu waza or shime waza or osaekomi waza.

46. Negative Judo (SOR Article 23) [NEW] (page 60) (2018) (Topic 14) a. In the case of double hansoku make as a consequence of a third shido due to going against the spirit of judo, both athletes will be disqualified from the competition. b. For direct hansoku make given to both contestants, due to the action being against the spirit of judo, the IJF will decide. c. In any case of misbehavior by an athlete, which merits disqualification, the IJF may exclude him from the rest of the event.

The full IJF document is available from the IJF website.

Compiled from IJF document 01.19.2018 – Detailed Explanation of the of IJF Refereeing Rules (32 pages) This Synopsis compiled by Richard J. Celotto IJF-A (International) Referee 2018 IJF Rules Synopsis 03.15.2018 (6 pages)

2019 Adjustments and Clarifications Ne-waza-tachi waza transition - January 2019 Flat on front or elbows and knees is considered ne-waza. Hands and knees or knees only with one or both arm(s) up off the mat or one knee off the mat will be considered tachi-waza. Throws would be valid if tori is standing when executed.. Osaekomi waza One of the arms needs to be controlled. Kata shiho gatame with no arms controlled! Topic 6

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