DOCSLIB.ORG

A Sustainable Way to Maintain Greenery Within a City: Using Rain Water Harvesting to Irrigate Vertical Gardens in Singapore

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Sustainable Way to Maintain Greenery Within a City: Using Rain Water Harvesting to Irrigate Vertical Gardens in Singapore A SUSTAINABLE WAY TO MAINTAIN GREENERY WITHIN A CITY: USING RAIN WATER HARVESTING TO IRRIGATE VERTICAL GARDENS IN SINGAPORE By WAN PUI HOONG A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ARCHITECTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2011 1 © 2011 Wan Pui Hoong 2 To my parents, friends and colleagues 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Firstly, I would like to thank my parents for their guidance, support and hard work in bringing me up to be a good citizen of the world. Secondly, I would like to thank my committee members, Professor William Tilson and Dr. Dawn Jourdan for their invaluable advice, encouragement and their tireless efforts made throughout the writing of this thesis. Additionally, I would also like to thank Mr. Michael Kung for his help in resolving technical issues during the course. Next, I would like to thank my friends, fellow classmates and colleagues for their opinions and support throughout the course. Lastly, I would like to thank the University of Florida and the entire College of Design, Construction and Planning for the uniquely international experience in studying together with people living in different time zones. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................................. 4 LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ 7 LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... 8 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................. 9 ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................... 10 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 12 2 LITERATURE REVIEW .......................................................................................... 18 Policies, Legislatures and Formal Certification ....................................................... 18 Policies and Law for Water Management and Water Supply .................................. 18 Water Restrictions ............................................................................................ 18 Florida’s Water Law .......................................................................................... 19 Water Supply and Water Resource Development in Florida ............................ 20 Water Supply and Alternate Sources of Water in highly urbanized Singapore ...................................................................................................... 21 Legislature on Water Conservation and Ways to Conserve Water ......................... 22 Landscaping ..................................................................................................... 22 Built Environment ............................................................................................. 23 On Water Use and Efficiency Requirements for Formal Certification ..................... 24 Wastewater Goals, Objectives and Policies ............................................................ 26 Legislation on Environmental Sustainability for Buildings in Singapore .................. 27 Summary ................................................................................................................ 27 Case Studies .......................................................................................................... 29 Green Roofs and Brown Roofs ......................................................................... 29 Comparative environmental life cycle assessment of green roofs .................... 31 Vertical Green .................................................................................................. 31 Green wall systems, living walls and vertical gardens ...................................... 32 Florida-friendly Landscaping ............................................................................ 34 Summary ................................................................................................................ 35 3 METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................... 41 Research Approach ................................................................................................ 41 Survey in Singapore ............................................................................................... 41 Best Approaches for Creating Vertical Gardens ..................................................... 42 5 Policies, Legislatures and Formal Certification ....................................................... 44 Summary ................................................................................................................ 45 4 DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS .............................................................................. 46 Data from Surveys .................................................................................................. 46 Survey from general public in Singapore .......................................................... 46 Survey from irrigation specialists ...................................................................... 47 Data from Best Approaches for Creating Vertical Gardens ..................................... 48 Analysis .................................................................................................................. 52 Research Limitations .............................................................................................. 57 5 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................ 58 APPENDIX A QUESTIONNAIRE FOR THE GENERAL PUBLIC IN SINGAPORE ....................... 64 B QUESTIONNAIRE FOR THE IRRIGATION SPECIALIST IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND SINGAPORE ............................................................ 66 LIST OF REFERENCES ............................................................................................... 68 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH ............................................................................................ 71 6 LIST OF TABLES Table page 4-1 Tabulation of survey results from the general public .......................................... 46 4-2 Tabulation of survey results from irrigation specialists ....................................... 47 7 LIST OF FIGURES Figure page 4-1 Column Chart of survey results from the general public ..................................... 46 4-2 Column Chart of survey results from irrigation specialists .................................. 47 5-1 View of vertical garden near a collection pond ................................................... 62 5-2 Section of vertical garden showing proposed irrigation system .......................... 63 8 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS BCA Building and Construction Authority DEP Department of Environmental Protection IFAS Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences LCA Life cycle assessment LEED Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design LID Low impact development LIUDD Low impact design and development MEWR Ministry of the Environment and Water Resources NEA National Environment Agency NParks National Parks Board Pte. Ltd. Private Limited PUB Public Utilities Board RO Reverse osmosis 9 Abstract of Thesis Presented to the Graduate School of the University of Florida in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Architectural Studies A SUSTAINABLE WAY TO MAINTAIN GREENERY WITHIN A CITY: USING RAIN WATER HARVESTING TO IRRIGATE VERTICAL GARDENS IN SINGAPORE By Wan Pui Hoong December 2011 Chair: William Tilson Major: Architecture As urbanized cities move towards a more compact growth, and land is increasingly being used for building infrastructure and housing for an increasing population, there is a need to allow nature to manifest in urban buildings. Hence, it seems logical to have intensive greening on roofs and on intermediate floors of buildings, along with vertical gardens or living walls. Such green areas can provide food source and habitats for ecosystems such as birds, bees and butterflies, increasing biodiversity, and bringing nature up from the ground. This will also bring people nearer to nature in a city. Since vertical gardens or living walls are relatively new and can be provided as freestanding structures on land, as well as wall mounted on buildings, it would be an interesting topic to find out the extent of its use, policies that may encourage its use, ways of irrigating the plants, the appropriate plant selection, visual value added and the barriers to maintaining them. Case studies on projects completed in the United States and Singapore, as well as surveys done by practitioners, and the general public in Singapore will be used to provide information on the research. This study will focus on using rain water harvesting 10 to irrigate vertical gardens as a sustainable way to maintain greenery within a city such as Singapore and in Florida since they have similar climates. 11 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Located along the equator, Singapore has a tropical climate where the temperature remains relatively constant. As for Florida, North and Central Florida has a humid subtropical climate, while South Florida has a tropical climate. Hence, it seems appropriate to
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The American Lawn: Culture, Nature, Design and Sustainability
    THE AMERICAN LAWN: CULTURE, NATURE, DESIGN AND SUSTAINABILITY _______________________________________________________________________________ A Thesis Presented to the Graduate School of Clemson University _______________________________________________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Landscape Architecture _______________________________________________________________________________ by Maria Decker Ghys May 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________ Accepted by: Dr. Matthew Powers, Committee Chair Dr. Ellen A. Vincent, Committee Co-Chair Professor Dan Ford Professor David Pearson ABSTRACT This was an exploratory study examining the processes and underlying concepts of design nature, and culture necessary to discussing sustainable design solutions for the American lawn. A review of the literature identifies historical perceptions of the lawn and contemporary research that links lawns to sustainability. Research data was collected by conducting personal interviews with green industry professionals and administering a survey instrument to administrators and residents of planned urban development communi- ties. Recommended guidelines for the sustainable American lawn are identified and include native plant usage to increase habitat and biodiversity, permeable paving and ground cover as an alternative to lawn and hierarchical maintenance zones depending on levels of importance or use. These design recommendations form a foundation
    [Show full text]
  • STATE of HEALTH Report of the Director of Medical 2003 - 2012 Services
    STATE OF HEALTH STATE Report of the Director of Medical Services of Medical of the Director Report State of Health Report of the Director of Medical Services 2003 - 2012 2003 - 2012 Ministry Of Health (College Of Medicine Building) 16 College Road ISBN 978-981-07-6828-7 Singapore 169854 9 789810 768287 College of Medicine Building Ministry of Health Contents Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Foreword by Director 01 of Medical Services 05 Overview of the 15 Control of Health Status in Communicable Singapore Diseases Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 27 Surveillance and 35 Health Services 49 Healthcare Standards Control of Chronic Planning, Delivery and Clinical Quality Diseases and Cancers and Development Improvement Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 61 Promoting Medical and 71 Healthcare Manpower 83 Health Regulation and Health Services Research Standards and Enforcement Development Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Selected Speeches 95 Emergency Preparedness, 105 International 111 Response and Medical Cooperation Support for National Events – 01 – Contents Foreword The last annual report of the Director of Medical challenges underscored the importance of a high level Services, entitled “State of Health”, was published in of vigilance and surveillance. Some of these included 2001. Major events involving the Ministry of Health Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2003, (MOH) were subsequently documented annually in the first report of indigenous chikungunya fever in the Singapore Yearbook published by then Ministry of Singapore in 2008 and the arrival of the first influenza A Information, Communications and the Arts. Publications (H1N1-2009) pandemic of the 21st century in 2009. however ceased from 2009.
    [Show full text]
  • Designing Parterres on the Main City Squares
    https://doi.org/10.24867/GRID-2020-p66 Professional paper DESIGNING PARTERRES ON THE MAIN CITY SQUARES Milena Lakićević , Ivona Simić , Radenka Kolarov University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Novi Sad, Serbia Abstract: A “parterre” is a word originating from the French, with the meaning interpreted as “on the ground”. Nowadays, this term is widely used in landscape architecture terminology and depicts a ground- level space covered by ornamental plant material. The designing parterres are generally limited to the central city zones and entrances to the valuable architectonic objects, such as government buildings, courts, museums, castles, villas, etc. There are several main types of parterres set up in France, during the period of baroque, and the most famous one is the parterre type “broderie” with the most advanced styling pattern. Nowadays, French baroque parterres are adapted and communicate with contemporary landscape design styles, but some traits and characteristics of originals are still easily recognizable. In this paper, apart from presenting a short overview of designing parterres in general, the main focus is based on designing a new parterre on the main city square in the city of Bijeljina in the Republic of Srpska. The design concept relies on principles known in the history of landscape art but is, at the same time, adjusted to local conditions and space purposes. The paper presents the current design of the selected zone – parterre on the main city square in Bijeljina and proposes a new design strongly influenced by the “broderie” type of parterre. For creating a new design proposal we have used the following software AutoCad (for 2D drawings) and Realtime Landscaping Architect (for more advanced presentations and 3D previews).
    [Show full text]
  • Green Facades and Living Walls—A Review Establishing the Classification of Construction Types and Mapping the Benefits
    sustainability Review Green Facades and Living Walls—A Review Establishing the Classification of Construction Types and Mapping the Benefits Mina Radi´c 1,* , Marta Brkovi´cDodig 2,3 and Thomas Auer 4,* 1 Independent Scholar, Belgrade 11000, Serbia 2 Faculty VI—Planning Building, Environment, Institute for City and Regional Planning Technical University of Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany 3 Faculty for Construction Management, Architecture Department, Union University Nikola Tesla, Belgrade 11000, Serbia 4 Faculty for Architecture, Technical University of Munich, 80333 München, Germany * Correspondence: [email protected] (M.R.); [email protected] (T.A.); Tel.: +381-(0)63-117-2223 (M.R.); +49-(0)89-289-22475 (T.A.) Received: 21 June 2019; Accepted: 16 August 2019; Published: 23 August 2019 Abstract: The green facades and living walls of vertical greenery systems (VGS) are gaining increasing importance as sustainable building design elements because they can improve the environmental impact of a building. The field could benefit from a comprehensive mapping out of VGS types, an improved classification and nomenclature system, and from linking the benefits to a specific construction type. Therefore, this research reviews existing VGS construction types and links associated benefits to them, clearly differentiating empirical from descriptive supporting data. The study adopted a scoping research review used for mapping a specific research field. A systematic literature review based on keywords identified 13 VGS construction types—four types of green facades, nine types of living walls, and ten benefits. Thermal performance, as a benefit of VGS, is the most broadly empirically explored benefit. Yet, further qualitative studies, including human perception of thermal comfort are needed.
    [Show full text]
  • Home Landscape Planning Worksheet: 12 Steps to a Functional Design
    Home Landscape Planning Worksheet: 12 steps to a functional design This worksheet will guide you through the process of Gather information designing a functional landscape plan. The process includes these steps: Step 1. Make a scale drawing • Gather information about the site and who will use it. Landscape designs are generally drawn from a bird’s- • Prioritize needs and wants. eye view in what designers call “plan view.” To prepare a base map (scale drawing) of your property use graph • Consider maintenance requirements. paper and let one square equal a certain number of feet • Determine a budget. (e.g. 1 square = 2 feet), or draw it to scale using a ruler • Organize the landscape space. or scale (e.g. 1 inch = 8 feet). • Determine the shape of the spaces and how they The base map should include these features: relate to each other. • Scale used • Select the plants that will fi ll the landscape. • North directional arrow • Property lines Base Map and Initial Site Analysis (not to scale) You may want to make several photocopies of this base map to use for the following steps in the design process. Step 2. Site analysis A thorough site analysis tells you what you have to work NICE VIEW with on the property. Part 1 of the “Home Landscape Questionnaire” (see insert) includes questions that NEED PRIVACY should be answered when completing a site analysis. Lay a piece of tracing paper over the base map and draw the information gathered during the site analysis. This layer should include these features: KITCHEN/ DINING ROOM • Basic drainage patterns
    [Show full text]
  • Organic Lawn Care 101
    Organic Lawn Care 101 Take Simple Steps This Fall to Convert Your Lawn to Organic Fall is the best time to start transitioning your lawn to organic. The key to a healthy lawn is healthy soil and good mowing, watering and fertilizing practices. Healthy soil contains high organic content and is teeming with biological life. Healthy soil supports the development of healthy grass that is naturally resistant to weeds and pests. In a healthy, fertile and well maintained lawn, diseases and pest problems are rare. But doesn’t it cost more you ask? If your lawn is currently chemically‐dependent, initially it may be more expensive to restore the biological life. But, in the long term, it will actually cost you less money. Once established, an organic lawn uses fewer materials, such as water and fertilizers, and requires less labor for mowing and maintenance. More importantly, your lawn will be safe for children, pets and your local drinking water supply. Getting Started‐ Late September‐ Early October 1. Mow High Until the Season Ends – Bad mowing practices cause more problems than any other cultural practice. Mowing with a dull blade makes the turf susceptible to disease and mowing too close invites sunlight in for weeds to take hold. Keep your blades sharp, or ask your service provider to sharpen their blades frequently. For the last and first mowing, mow down to 2 inches to prevent fungal problems. For the rest of the year keep it at 3‐3.5 to shade out weeds and foster deep, drought‐resistant roots. 2. Aerate – Compaction is an invitation for weeds.
    [Show full text]
  • Potted Plant Availability Blooming Plants
    Potted Plant Availability Blooming Plants Pot Size Product Description Pack 2.50 African Violets *1 day notice on all violets* 28 4.00 African Violets 18 4.00 African Violets Teacups or Teapots 12 6.00 African Violets 3 plants per pot 8 1204 Annual Trays See Lawn and Garden list for details 1 4.00 Annuals See Lawn and Garden list for details 18 4.00 Annuals Pk20 See Lawn and Garden list for details 20 4.25 Annuals Pk20 Proven Winners - See Lawn and Garden list 20 10.00 Annual Hanging Baskets See Lawn and Garden list for details 4 12.00 Annual Hanging Baskets See Lawn and Garden list for details 2 7.50 Annual Topiary Plants See Lawn and Garden list for details 6 10.00 Annual Topiary Plants See Lawn and Garden list for details 3 2.50 Anthurium *1 day notice on all anthurium* 18 2.50 Anthurium Self watering upgrade - RED ONLY 18 2.50 Anthurium Ceramic Upgrade 18 4.00 Anthurium 18 4.00 Anthurium In Ceramic 10 4.00 Anthurium Glass Cylinder w/ Carry Bag and Tag 10 5.00 Anthurium 10 5.00 Anthurium In Ceramic 8 6.00 Anthurium 8 6.00 Anthurium 4 inch plant in Large Vase 8 8.00 Anthurium 3 4.50 Azalea 15 6.00 Azalea Regular Temp unavailable 8 6.00 Azalea Premium 8 7.00 Azalea 6 7.00 Azalea Tree 5 8.00 Azalea 3 8.00 Azalea Tree 3 5.00 Bougainvillea Trellis 10 6.50 Bougainvillea Trellis 8 12.00 Bougainvillea Topiary 1 12.00 Bougainvillea Column 1 14.00 Bougainvillea Hanging Basket 1 6.00 Bromeliad 5 Case minimum- 1 day notice needed 8 6.00 Caladium Just Starting! Assorted mix 8 2.50 Calandiva 28 4.00 Calandiva 18 4.50 Calandiva 15 Toll Free: 1-866-866-0477
    [Show full text]
  • French & Italian Gardens
    Discover glorious spring peonies French & Italian Gardens PARC MONCEAu – PARIS A pyramid is one of the many architectural set pieces and fragments that lie strewn around the Parc Monceau in Paris. They were designed to bring together the landscape and transform it into an illusory landscape by designer Louis Carmontelle who was a dramatist, illustrator and garden designer. Tombs, broken columns, an obelisk, an antique colonnade and ancient arches were all erected in 1769 for Duc de’Orleans. PARC DE BAGAtelle – PARIS The Parc de Bagatelle is a full scale picturesque landscape complete with lakes, waterfalls, Palladian or Chinese bridges and countless follies. It’s one of Paris’ best loved parks, though it’s most famous for its rose garden, created in 1905 by JCN Forestier. The very first incarnation of Bagatelle in 1777 was the result of a famous bet between Marie-Antoinette and her brother-in-law, the comte d’Artois, whom she challenged to create a garden in just two months. The Count employed 900 workmen day and night to win the wager. The architect Francois-Joseph Belanger rose to the challenge, but once the bet was won, Thomas Blaikie, a young Scotsman, was brought on board to deliver a large English-style landscape. A very successful designer, Blaikie worked in France for most of his life and collaborated on large projects such as the Parc Monceau. JARDIN DU LUXEMBOURG – PARIS Please note this garden is not included in sightseeing but can be visited in free time. The garden was made for the Italian Queen Marie (de Medici), widow of Henry IV of France and regent for her son Louis XIII.
    [Show full text]
  • Low Maintenance Gardening
    LOW MAINTENANCE GARDENING FOR LOADS OF BEAUTY & HEALTH IN A NUTSHELL - DESIGN AND REDESIGN WITH MAINTENANCE AND ENJOYMENT IN MIND Utility-friendly Tree Planting Tips ๏ LESS IS MORE from We Energies ๏ MAKE IT EASY ๏ DO THE GROUNDWORK Trees growing too close to power lines ๏ CHOOSE WISELY can cause sparks, fires, power outages ๏ TREAT THEM RIGHT and shock hazards. To avoid these ๏ GARDEN WITH EASE problems, plant trees that won’t ๏ WARM UP, TAKE BREAKS AND BE SAFE interfere with power lines when fully grown. Small ornamental trees or LESS IS MORE shrubs that will not exceed 15 feet in height such as serviceberry, dogwood • Start small and expand as time, energy and desire allow and low-growing evergreens are best Fewer and smaller beds to plant around power lines. Trees Easy access to all parts of the garden bed and surrounding landscape such as maple, basswood, burr oak, • Fewer species - more of each white pine or spruce grow more than Low Maintenance Design Tips 40 feet high and should be planted Design with Maintenance in Mind more than 50 feet from any overhead • Simple combinations to double impact and create interest power lines. Plants flower at same time to double interest Plants flower at different times to extend bloom time And don’t forget to call 811 at least Make it edible and attractive - foodscaping three days before planting to check • Proper spacing the location of underground services. Shrub Plantings with Big Impact in a Short Time Use annuals and perennials as fillers as trees and shrubs grow Learn more utility-friendly planting You’ll need fewer annuals each year tips at we-energies.com.
    [Show full text]
  • Product Guide Bring Walls to Life
    PRODUCT GUIDE BRING WALLS TO LIFE EXPLORE VISTAGREEN P. 6-7 OUR PHILOSOPHY P. 8-9 A PERSONAL TOUCH The market leader in artificial green walls P. 10-11 THE MOST BEAUTIFUL GREEN WALLS P. 12-15 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT P. 16-19 THE VISTAGREEN DIFFERENCE P. 20-69 VISTAGREEN AT HOME Contents P. 70-71 VISTAGREEN FOR BUSINESS P. 72-85 Hospitality P. 86-95 Events & Exhibitions P. 96-99 Airports P. 100-105 Shopping Centres P. 106-113 Where horticultural limits are reached, our artificial Furniture Stores green walls are the market-leading solution for P. 114-125 Offices spaces where plants cannot grow. P. 126-127 Casinos | 5 PAGE Our green walls transcend the need for light and P. 128-129 OUR PRODUCTS PAGE | 4 PAGE water and are at home anywhere your imagination P. 130-135 CUSTOMISE YOUR GREEN WALL takes them. Manufacturing our Signature Panels to the highest standards in our own facility, we have faithfully replicated nature’s beauty using colours and forms virtually indistinguishable from real plants. PRODUCED BY: VISTAGREEN CREATIVE TEAM UK ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE USED IN ANY FORM OR MEANS WITHOUT THE PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF VISTAGREEN LTD. COPYRIGHT © 2019, VISTAGREEN LIMITED. IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS PLEASE CONTACT: UNIT 6 TRADE CITY FRIMLEY, LYON WAY, FRIMLEY, CAMBERLEY GU16 7AL UNITED KINGDOM TEL +44 (0)20 7385 1020 VISTAGREEN LTD. BRING WALLS TO LIFE PAGE | 7 PAGE PAGE | 6 PAGE OUR PHILOSOPHY At Vistagreen, we are driven by the passion We constantly innovate to ensure that our to create inspiring, uplifting environments products are an exciting blend of high style that will enhance and enrich everyday life.
    [Show full text]
  • Seattle Green Factor Walls Presentation
    GREEN WALLS and GREEN TOWERS Presented by Randy Sharp, ASLA, CSLA, LEED® Accredited Professional Sharp & Diamond Landscape Architecture Inc. GREEN WALLS and GREEN TOWERS GREEN CITY VISIONS Atlanta, GA www.nasa.gov Vancouver, BC: Pacific Boulevard, by Alan Jacobs Chicago: Kennedy Expressway • Green corridor with large urban trees for airflow • Competition by Perkins and Will • Green roofs and living walls control microclimate GREEN WALLS and GREEN TOWERS URBAN TREES and PERMEABLE PAVERS SF-RIMA Uni Eco-Stone pavers • Porous pavements give urban trees the rooting space they need to grow to full size. (Bruce K. Ferguson, and R. France, Handbook of Water Sensitive Planning and Design, 2002) • Large trees reduce ambient temperature by 9F (5C) by evapotranspiration and shading. GREEN WALLS and GREEN TOWERS COOL PAVERS and CONTINUOUS SOIL TRENCHES Ithaca, New York: pavers with soil trench Berlin, by Daniel Roehr • 5th Avenue, New York, trees are 100+ years. Trees store more than 2000 kg. of carbon. • Durability and flexibility: These sidewalk pavers are 60+ years. • Permeable pavers allow air, water and nutrients down to roots. Avoid sidewalk heaving. GREEN WALLS and GREEN TOWERS BIOCLIMATIC SKYSCRAPERS, Ken Yeang, Architect Menara Mesiniaga, Malaysia, photo by Ken Yeang IBM Plaza, Drawing by Ken Yeang Bioclimatic skyscraper by T.R. Hamzah & Yeang • T.R. Hamzah & Yeang design bioclimatic buildings for tropical and temperate zones. • Bioclimatic Skyscrapers in Malaysia are a form of regional architecture. • Lower building costs and energy consumption. Aesthetic and ecological benefits. • Passive approach: sun shading, louvers, solar skycourts, terraces, wind catchers. • Green roofs connected to the ground and to green corridors.
    [Show full text]
  • Review Section
    POSITIONED FOR GROWTH 1 Key Figures FY 2009 -10 Revenue Economic Value Added $1,538.9m +45%$67.2m +156% Operating Profi t Dividend Per Share $184.4m +8% 13¢ +30% PATMI Dividend Payout Ratio $181.2m +23% 78.1% +4.6PPT Free Cashfl ow Earnings Per Share $190.1m +22% 16.7¢ +23% Total Assets Return On Equity $1,909.1m -7% 12.6% +2.1PPT 2 SATS ANNUAL REPORT 2009-10 POSITIONED FOR GROWTH 3 Creating Sustainable Value At SATS, we continue to drive excellence in our operations and processes, while strengthening our core capabilities in Gateway Services and Food Solutions to create sustainable value for our shareholders. Left page: Premium passengers of our airline customers can enjoy the exclusivity and convenience of checking in at SATS Premier Check-in Lounges. Right page: Tempting treats from UK’s Farmhouse Fare, renowned for its delicious range of traditional puddings made from fresh, quality ingredients. 4 SATS ANNUAL REPORT 2009-10 Enriching Relationships It has always been our founding belief to grow with our customers, deliver superior value propositions and enable their success, as it in turn enables ours. Left page: SFI has been providing hearty and wholesome meals to the Singapore Armed Forces since 1986. Right page: Providing personalised care and attention, our frontline staff strive to create a distinctive and enjoyable experience for every passenger. POSITIONED FOR GROWTH 5 6 SATS ANNUAL REPORT 2009-10 POSiTiONEd fOR GROwTH 7 Inspiring Innovation Innovation is the cornerstone of our continued success. We encourage creativity amongst our people and bring their passionate ideas to life with the creation of new services and products.
    [Show full text]