DOCSLIB.ORG

Pltilt2tms0n Countg ^Tstorical

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pltilt2tms0n Countg ^Tstorical Pltilt2tms0n Countg ^tstorical PuMtcatton ^0. 21 i—■« >d N :v \ L?' <1 \ Xm V I r^A wKum ^1 w L s H i 0*^ \ - V^ \\ \ cioa^ V .• -• * ...' ^ ^ >0 r o i^z> cr<? spring 1990 "Miamson Goiinty Historical Sodety^ 1^ PublicaUmSpring Number 1990 21 Published by Williamson County HistoricalSociety Franklin, Tennessee 1990 Williamson County Historical Society Publication Number 21 Spring 1990 Published by Williamson County Historical Society Editors Richard Warwick Ed Manning i Officers President Robert Hicks 1 First Vice President Gert Uthman Second Vice President Rebehca Clark Recording Secretary Evelyn Lester Corresponding Secretary Marjorie Hales Treasurer Herman Major The Williamson County Historical Society Journal is sent to all members of the Williamson County Historical Society. The annual membership dues are twelve dollars for an individual and fifteen dollars for a family. This includes this publication and a frequent NEWSLETTER to all members. Table of Contents i Statement from the Editors a Dedication Hi The Carter House Dr. Rosalie Carter iv Tod Carter, Home AtLast Dr. Rosalie Carter V Photographs: Hood's Headquarters Carter House ^951) James A. Britt 1 Mary Virginia Nichols Britt James A Britt Newspaper Articles from the Scrapbook of Mary Nichols Britt: 3 Brave Sam Davis 5 Confederate Cemetery 7 Franklin Battlefield 13 Gea Otho F. Strahl 16 Just Before The Battle, Mother! 18 The Death of Cheatham 20 Speech by T. Patton Adams 32 Battle of Franklin Cletus Sickler Excerpts from Bright Skies and Dark Shadows Henry M. Field, D. D. Excerpts from Battles and Sketches ofthe Army ofTennessee Bromfield L Ridley Contributors Statementfr om the Editors If you ate a Civil War enthusiast, this issue of Journal should be a welcome addition to your collectioa With the Battle of Franklin re-enactment and Tod Carter's 150th birthday celebration, I thought it appropriate to include as much information on the "Great Unpleasantness" as I could gather. I would like to recognize the following society members for sharing their family papers and personal libraries: Jim Britt, a Carter descendant, for making available an 1890's saapbook kept by his mother, Mrs. Mary Nichols Britt, and photographs he took in the 1950's. Dr.Rosalie Carter for providing her Grandfather Carter's copy of Br^ht Skies and Dark Shadows, by Dr. H. M. Fidds. Dr.aiod Mis.William Daii>y for allowing the rare Batdes and Sketches ofthe Arrny of Tennessee, by Bromfidd Ridley, to be copied Cldus Sidder, writer for The Tennessean, and Chuck Issacs, president of the re- enactment, for documenting the tremendous amount of work necessary for a successful re-enactmenL Many thanks to the contributors for taking the time to share thdr knowledge and love of Williamson County. I would personaJly See to thank Ed Manning for his computer skills. Hunter Kay for proofreading, and Vance Little for his guidance and encouragement —Richard Warwick Although a complete novice in the editing business, I was recruited by Rick Warwick to try to spmce up this publication a bit I hope I have been somewhat successful, but I fear many of you find errors herein If so, the blame rests with yours truly. The credit for the beautiful type and layout goes to Ellen Gibbons, who gradously donated her time and considerable talent with a Macintosh computer. —Ed Manning,Jr. -I- f Dedication The 1990Journal is dedicated to the Fountain Branch Carter family. Their suffering and endurance exemplifies the loss and strength of many Williamson County families during 1861-1865. Fountain Branch Carter gave three sons to the Confederate Army: Lt. Col. Moscow Branch Carter, Capt. Tod Carter, Pvt. Francis Watkins Carter, all of whom served in the Twentieth Tennessee Regiment, C.S.A. Fountain Branch Carter's descendants are still active in Williamson County. We would like to honor Dr. Rosalie Carter, Mrs. Alma Short, and Mr. Jim Britt, fellow society members, with this dedication. Non-society members include Corine Carter Ward, Carter Conway, Nan Conway, and Jesse Short, III. mk Moscow Carter Theodrlck Carter Francis Carter -It- in m ■- .Ai til ill ■ The Carter House The Caiter House remembers yet The tragic day none can foige^ Hiat day when all the fields around Became a blood-stained battle ground It spends long hours in reverie, Recalling scenes that used to be; In sighing winds it often hears The ebbing life of yesteryears. November twilights gather fast; Ghost-soldiers then go marching past, Some clad in Blue, some wearing Gray, As if to fi^t another day. At this old house which once could tell Of minie ball and Rebel yell. We pause to pray - because we should. For peace, and love, and brotherhood. © Rosalie Caiter -MZ- ■ ■ a March 24,1840-December2,1864 Tod Carter - Home At Last "I am almost home! Come with me, boys!" They could hear Tod shout above the noise Of the cannons' boom, and shrieking shells. The exploding bombs, and Rebel yells! The Battle raged until near midnight; The women prayed. By the dawn's faint light They found him lying among the dead; He was wounded in the charge he led. He was carried through the garden gate. While they sobbed in words, compassionate, "Our sad hearts ached as the long years passed. Now our brother has come home at last!" © Rosalie Carter -tu- s ^ v.. ^•^:Tvts w iiiJ 11 m m *■ 'S iss ii »i.^ m iwisiiSi^siaiiii^iSi«iiiiiiiii • " s ^■' ■V ^:,V:':K''7S«S m General Hood's Headquarters on Winstead Hill taken by Jim Britt in 1951. ■ Si® .• .-Fi > W Carter House with porch and dormers that were added by Mrs. Robbie Hunter UUathome around 1915. Photograph taken by Jim Britt in 1951. -V- Mary Virginia Nichols Britt (1872-1954) by James A. Britt At the request of the society, I am pleased to offer a brief biography of my mother, Mary Virginia Nichols Britt, and an account of her involvement in the preservation of the Carter House. A great-granddaughter of Fountain Branch Carter, Mother was born in Franklin on Carter property in 1872. Mary Carter, one of F. B.'s daughters, married Daniel McPhail, and their daughter, Alice Adelaide, was my grandmother. In 1870, Alice Adelaide married George Searight Nichols. Nichols had been a member of Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest's cavalry. Nichol's jaw was shattered and an eye was shot out in battle, and he wore an eye patch and beard for the rest of his life. As a boy dressed in little Confederate "uniform", I went with him to many Confederate reunions. He taught Mother and me a great deal of history.... Mother graduated from the Franklin Female Academy, where she studied art. The pastel portrait of her which stands in the Carter Museum was done by her art teacher. The replica of the Seal of the Confederacy also hangs in the museum, given in honor of her by a grateful viewer. In 1898, she married my father, James A. Britt, who became a successful businessman with homes in Franklin and Nashville. In 1912, when he was 36 and I was five, he died suddenly. We then moved permanently to Franklin. Over the years. Mother collected so much historical and genealogical data that people constantly sought her for information on their families. Mother's knowledge of history came of family tradition. Her mother Alice often told how, as a small child, she hid in the Carter House cellar with the family during the Battle of Franklin. She told of her mother Mary's going out in the dark to help find Tod Carter (Grandmother's uncle). His horse was lying on top of him, and had to be pried off before Tod could be brought inside, unconscious and soon to die. We heard many other stories from grandparents Alice and G. S. Nichols during their long lives. The Carter heirs sold the Carter House around the turn of the century and it deteriorated through later use as rental property. But when Mother saw visitors looking it over, she'd tell them all about it. She usually gave them a minie ball as a souvenir from the bushel basket full my brother and I had -1- picked up off our lawn! The Carter House was in danger of demolition in the 1930's and '40's. As other family members weren't interested in saving it, Mother took on the project singlehandedly. Thanks to her tireless efforts, and the help of Senator Tyson, Representative Courtney, and others, the house was deeded to the state in 1951. The Franklin chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy equipped a room in the Carter House with chairs to hold their meetings and named it "The Mary Nichols Britt" in honor of her. Later the Carter House Association was organized. In 1961, the National Register of Historic Landmarks cited the Carter House as one of only four places of "major importance in American history" in the State of Tennessee. If she had lived to know of that honor, Mary Nichols Britt would have surely been pleased - but probably not surprised. -2- Brave Sam Danis His Execution in Pulaski by the Federals in 1863 Where He Got the Papers That Convicted Him Mr. Henry White, a prominent farmer of Giles County, living near Pulaski, is in the city visiting relatives, the families of the Hollins and the Benys, In a conversation with a Banner man, the subject of the hanging of brave Sam Davis in Pulaski, in 1863, by the federals was mentioned. Mr. White said: "You will remember that Sam Davis was quite a young confederate soldier and belonged to the First Tennessee Infantry, and when captured he was hanged as a spy because he had on his person important papers and accurate maps of the location of the federal army in this part of the country.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Brochure Design by Communication Design, Inc., Richmond, VA 877-584-8395 Cheatham Co
    To Riggins Hill CLARKSVILLE MURFREESBORO and Fort Defiance Scroll flask and .36 caliber Navy Colt bullet mold N found at Camp Trousdale . S P R site in Sumner County. IN G Stones River S T Courtesy Pat Meguiar . 41 National Battlefield The Cannon Ball House 96 and Cemetery in Blountville still 41 Oaklands shows shell damage to Mansion KNOXVILLE ST. the exterior clapboard LEGE Recapture of 441 COL 231 Evergreen in the rear of the house. Clarksville Cemetery Clarksville 275 40 in the Civil War Rutherford To Ramsey Surrender of ST. County Knoxville National Cemetery House MMERCE Clarksville CO 41 96 Courthouse Old Gray Cemetery Plantation Customs House Whitfield, Museum Bradley & Co. Knoxville Mabry-Hazen Court House House 231 40 “Drawing Artillery Across the Mountains,” East Tennessee Saltville 24 Fort History Center Harper’s Weekly, Nov. 21, 1863 (Multiple Sites) Bleak House Sanders Museum 70 60 68 Crew repairing railroad Chilhowie Fort Dickerson 68 track near Murfreesboro 231 after Battle of Stones River, 1863 – Courtesy 421 81 Library of Congress 129 High Ground 441 Abingdon Park “Battle of Shiloh” – Courtesy Library of Congress 58 41 79 23 58 Gen. George H. Thomas Cumberland 421 Courtesy Library of Congress Gap NHP 58 Tennessee Capitol, Nashville, 1864 Cordell Hull Bristol Courtesy Library of Congress Adams Birthplace (East Hill Cemetery) 51 (Ft. Redmond) Cold Spring School Kingsport Riggins Port Royal Duval-Groves House State Park Mountain Hill State Park City 127 (Lincoln and the 33 Blountville 79 Red Boiling Springs Affair at Travisville 431 65 Portland Indian Mountain Cumberland Gap) 70 11W (See Inset) Clarksville 76 (Palace Park) Clay Co.
    [Show full text]
  • BATTLEFIELD UPDATE Newsletter of the AMERICAN BATTLEFIELD PROTECTION PROGRAM U.S
    JSpring1998 Issue No. 69 BATTLEFIELD UPDATE newsletter of the AMERICAN BATTLEFIELD PROTECTION PROGRAM U.S. Department of the Interior • National Park Service • Heritage Preservation Services 1998 BATTLEFIELD PRESERVATION PROJECTS SELECTED COIN FUNDS SUPPORT BRANDY STATION PURCHASE The American Battlefield Protection Program thanks everyone who applied for 1998 project funding. This year's competition was open to projects at battlefields On February 19, 1998, the Secretary of the associated with all wars and battles fought on American soil. As in the past, Interior approved The Civil War Trust's however, projects addressing sites listed on the Civil War Sites Advisory proposal to award $500,000 in Civil War Commission's Priority I and II lists took precedence. commemorative coin revenues to the Association for the Preservation of Civil The ABPP received 63 applications for eligible projects. The review panel of War Sites (APCWS). APCWS will use the ten historians and preservation planners recommended funding 20 projects that funds to assist in the purchase of battlefield exemplify strong battlefield land preservation strategies. Reviewers based their land at Brandy Station, in Culpeper County, ^selections on seven criteria: 1) significance of the site; 2) level of threat to the Virginia. After almost ten years of bitter battlefield; 3) battlefield land preservation opportunity; 4) clear project objec­ disputes between preservationists and tives, tasks, and schedule; 5) community support and participation in the project; developers, APCWS has successfully i6) qualifications of the applicant; and 7) clear and justified project budget. financed the acquisition of 571 acres of core battlefield land at Brandy Station. National Park Service Director Robert Stanton approved the list of projects on APCWS plans to place the entire acquisi­ March 2, 1998.
    [Show full text]
  • The Other Side of the Monument: Memory, Preservation, and the Battles of Franklin and Nashville
    THE OTHER SIDE OF THE MONUMENT: MEMORY, PRESERVATION, AND THE BATTLES OF FRANKLIN AND NASHVILLE by JOE R. BAILEY B.S., Austin Peay State University, 2006 M.A., Austin Peay State University, 2008 AN ABSTRACT OF A DISSERTATION submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of History College of Arts and Sciences KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 2015 Abstract The thriving areas of development around the cities of Franklin and Nashville in Tennessee bear little evidence of the large battles that took place there during November and December, 1864. Pointing to modern development to explain the failed preservation of those battlefields, however, radically oversimplifies how those battlefields became relatively obscure. Instead, the major factor contributing to the lack of preservation of the Franklin and Nashville battlefields was a fractured collective memory of the two events; there was no unified narrative of the battles. For an extended period after the war, there was little effort to remember the Tennessee Campaign. Local citizens and veterans of the battles simply wanted to forget the horrific battles that haunted their memories. Furthermore, the United States government was not interested in saving the battlefields at Franklin and Nashville. Federal authorities, including the War Department and Congress, had grown tired of funding battlefields as national parks and could not be convinced that the two battlefields were worthy of preservation. Moreover, Southerners and Northerners remembered Franklin and Nashville in different ways, and historians mainly stressed Eastern Theater battles, failing to assign much significance to Franklin and Nashville. Throughout the 20th century, infrastructure development encroached on the battlefields and they continued to fade from public memory.
    [Show full text]
  • Sam Davis Home Smyrna, Tennessee August 2007 – May 2008
    Sam Davis Home Smyrna, Tennessee August 2007 – May 2008 Tour Guide and Intern Contact: Anita Teague, Executive Director [email protected] During my time at the Sam Davis Home, I was responsible for guiding guests through the main house and grounds of the historic site. I also worked in the gift shop and museum as a retail associate and receptionist. In addition, I assisted the Educational Coordinator and Event Coordinator with various educational programs and events that took place throughout the year at the site. Through this process, I learned about public history and leadership as a public historian for college credit at Middle Tennessee State University. As part of an independent study during my final semester at MTSU, I developed an education program that the staff could implement for groups that visit the Sam Davis Home. I researched the background information for this program, curriculum standards, teacher expectations, and staff expectations to complete a comprehensive program. The program, Children in the Civil War, provides teachers with activities to complete before and after their visit to the Sam Davis Home, so students gain a better understanding of the subject. Table of Contents Summary Outline Script Pre-Activities Post-Activies Handouts and Worksheets Summary This education program was developed to help students learn about the life of children on plantations during the American Civil War. This program will cover the child’s role within the family, with special emphasis on the Davis family children. It will also cover the day in the life of a child including chores and school, and manners and morals.
    [Show full text]
  • Number 30 1999
    S02V Number 30 1999 /■ ' i ' '; ■ Williamson County Historical Society Number 30 1999 Williamson County Historical Society Executive Committee President Andrew B. Miller Vice President Bob Canaday Secretary Marjorie Hales Treasurer Jane Trabue County Historian la McDaniel Bowman Historical Markers Chairman Ridley Wills II Publications Chairman Richard Warwick The Williamson County Historical Society Journal is published annually by the Williamson County Historical Society, P.O. Box 71, Franklin, TN 37065. Copyright ©1999 by WilUamson County Historical Society. Permission to reproduce portions of this publication is granted providek attribution is given. Annual membership in the Williamson County Historical Society is $12.00 for indivi'duals; $15.00 for families. From the President V Editor's Note vu John B. McEwen j by Lula Fain Moran Major| Williamson Coimty Honor|RoU Series The Review Appeal, March 15,1998 | Virginia Carson Jefferson (1894-1993) i Virginia Carson, by Horace German; | 15 The Night Watch; The Review Appeal, September 27,1934 The Confederate Monument I 20 The Williamson County News, 1899 Two Centuries at Meeting of the Waters 28 by Ridley WiUs 11 The Capture of Aaron Burr by Nicholas Perkins 38 by Hugh Walker I The Nashville Tennessean Magazine, November 10,1963 Abram Maury, The Founder of Franklin 44 by Louise Davis i The Nashville Tennessean Magazine, October 3,1948 The Carl Family of Williamson Coimty, Termessee 48 by A1 Mayfield | 111 iv Williamson County Historical Society Journal The Carothers Family 55 by Davis Carothers Hill A Large and Respectable Family: William Thomas and His Kin 72 by Philip jFarrington Thomas Williamson Courity Fairs 81 by Rick Warwick Williamson Courity during the Civil War 91 by Rick Warwick Second Hour of Glory 95 compiled!by Marshall Morgan Index All to often our "fast food" culturei under centurions foij historical preservation.
    [Show full text]
  • National Register Off Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form 1
    NFS Form 10-900 (342) OHB No. 1024-0018 Expires 10-31-87 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service For NPS UM only National Register off Historic Places received MAR 3 (988 Inventory Nomination Form date entered See instructions in How to Complete National Register Forms Type all entries complete applicable sections 1. Name historic Historic Resources of Wllllamson County (Partial Inventory of Historic and Architectural i-roperties) and or common N/A 2. Location street & number See continuation sheets N/A not for publication city, town N/A vicinity of state Tennessee code DA 7 county Williamson code 187 3. Classification Category Ownership Status Present Use district public X occupied agriculture museum building(s) private X unoccupied X commercial nark structure * both X work in progress educational X private residence site Public Acquisition Accessible entertainment x religious __. object N/A in process X yes: restricted __ government __ scientific MRA N/A being considered X_ yes: unrestricted industrial transportation X "no military X other: Vacant 4. Owner of Property name Multiple Ownership - See individual forms street & number N/A city, town N/A vicinity of state N/A courthouse, registry of deeds, etc. Williamson County Courthouse street & number Public Square city, town Franklin state TN 37064 6. Representation in Existing Surveys title Williamson County Survey has this property been determined eligible? yes _X.no date 1973 - 1986 federal X state county local Tennessee Historical Commission depository for survey records city,town 701 Broadway, Nashville state TN 37203 Condition Check one Check one *_ excellent X deteriorated unaltered original siite" -4- good __X_ ruins X altered moved date A fair unexposed Describe the present and original (iff known) physical appearance Williainson County is located in the central section of Middle Tennessee.
    [Show full text]
  • Reference # Resource Name Address County City Listed Date Multiple
    Reference # Resource Name Address County City Listed Date Multiple Name 76001760 Arnwine Cabin TN 61 Anderson Norris 19760316 92000411 Bear Creek Road Checking Station Jct. of S. Illinois Ave. and Bear Creek Rd. Anderson Oak Ridge 19920506 Oak Ridge MPS 92000410 Bethel Valley Road Checking Station Jct. of Bethel Valley and Scarboro Rds. Anderson Oak Ridge 19920506 Oak Ridge MPS 91001108 Brannon, Luther, House 151 Oak Ridge Tpk. Anderson Oak Ridge 19910905 Oak Ridge MPS 03000697 Briceville Community Church and Cemetery TN 116 Anderson Briceville 20030724 06000134 Cross Mountain Miners' Circle Circle Cemetery Ln. Anderson Briceville 20060315 10000936 Daugherty Furniture Building 307 N Main St Anderson Clinton 20101129 Rocky Top (formerly Lake 75001726 Edwards‐‐Fowler House 3.5 mi. S of Lake City on Dutch Valley Rd. Anderson 19750529 City) Rocky Top (formerly Lake 11000830 Fort Anderson on Militia Hill Vowell Mountain Rd. Anderson 20111121 City) Rocky Top (formerly Lake 04001459 Fraterville Miners' Circle Cemetery Leach Cemetery Ln. Anderson 20050105 City) 92000407 Freels Cabin Freels Bend Rd. Anderson Oak Ridge 19920506 Oak Ridge MPS Old Edgemoor Rd. between Bethel Valley Rd. and Melton Hill 91001107 Jones, J. B., House Anderson Oak Ridge 19910905 Oak Ridge MPS Lake 05001218 McAdoo, Green, School 101 School St. Anderson Clinton 20051108 Rocky Top (formerly Lake 14000446 Norris Dam State Park Rustic Cabins Historic District 125 Village Green Cir. Anderson 20140725 City) 75001727 Norris District Town of Norris on U.S. 441 Anderson Norris 19750710 Tennessee Valley Authority Hydroelectric 16000165 Norris Hydrolectric Project 300 Powerhouse Way Anderson Norris 20160412 System, 1933‐1979 MPS Roughly bounded by East Dr., W.
    [Show full text]
  • Information to Users
    INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI University Microfilms International A Bell & Howell Information Com pany 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. Ml 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 Order Number 9325494 “War at every man’s door” : The struggle for East Tennessee, 1860—1869. (Volumes I and n) Fisher, Noel Charles, Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Published Monthly in the Interest of Confederate Veterans and Kindred Topics
    Page 1 of 85 Confederate Veteran June 1909 Created by Margie Daniels PUBLISHED MONTHLY IN THE INTEREST OF CONFEDERATE VETERANS AND KINDRED TOPICS Entered at the post office at Nashville, Tenn., as second class matter. Contributors are requested to use only one side of the paper, and to abbreviate as much as practicable. These suggestions are important. Where clippings are sent copy should be kept, as the VETERAN cannot untake to return them, Advertising rates furnished on application The date to a subscription is always given to the month before it ends. For instance, if the VETERAN is ordered to begin with January, the date on mail will be December, and the subscriber is entitled to that number. The civil war was too long ago to be called the late war, and when correspondent use that term " War between the States" will be substituted. The terms "New South" and " lost cause" are objectionable to the VETERAN. OFFICIALLY REPRESENTS: UNITED CONFEDERATE VETERANS, UNITED DAUGHTERS OF THE CONFEDERACY, SONS OF VETERANS, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS, CONFEDERATED SOUTHERN MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION The VETERAN is approved and indorsed officially by a larger and more elevated patronage, doubtless, than any other publication in existence. Though men deserve, they may not win success, The brave will honor the brave, vanquished none the less. PRICE, $1.00 PER YEAR.}. SINGLE COPY, 10 CENTS} VOL. XVII. NASHVILLE, TENN., JUNE, 1909. No. 6 S.A.CUNNINGHAM, PROPRIETOR CV Page 2 of 85 Confederate Veteran June 1909 Created by Margie Daniels OFFICIAL ORDERS ABOUT THE REUNION According to the long established custom, the Division Commander of the State in which the Reunion is to be held will be the chief marshal of the parade.
    [Show full text]
  • Battle of Mill Springs, Kentucky
    Battle of Mill Springs, Kentucky http://civilwar150.longwood.edu On January 15, 1862, the U.S. Senate confirmed President Lincoln’s appointment of Edwin Stanton as secretary of war, replacing Simon Cameron, who had become embroiled in controversy over corruption charges. The new secretary proved to be one of Lincoln’s strongest cabinet members, and one who played a major role in organizing the Union armies for their ultimate victory. The other major news of the week was the battle of Mill Springs, Kentucky, also known as Logan’s Crossroads. This Union victory resulted in the abandonment of the eastern end of the Confederate defense line in Kentucky. Coupled with Ulysses S. Grant’s capture of Forts Henry and Donelson the following month it brought about the Confederate loss of southern Kentucky and much of Tennessee. In the Fall of 1861, Confederate forces under General Albert Sidney Johnston established a defensive line in southern Kentucky and northern Tennessee, anchored on the western end at Columbus on the Mississippi River, and including positions at Forts Henry and Donelson and Bowling Green before terminating at Cumberland Gap. Brigadier General Felix Zollicoffer’s troops guarded the eastern portion of the line near Cumberland Gap, and in November he established a position near Mill Springs on the Cumberland River in eastern Kentucky. Meanwhile, Union General George Thomas, a Virginia-born Regular Army officer who had remained loyal to the Union after the secession of his native state, commanded a division at Lebanon, Kentucky. In early January 1862 he advanced a portion of his force towards Zollicoffer’s position, though bad weather and poor roads slowed the movement.
    [Show full text]
  • Cumberland Gap U.S
    National Historical Park National Park Service Cumberland Gap U.S. Department of the Interior HikingAppalachian and Backcountry Mountain Camping Struggle “I wish a movement made to seize...the mountain pass called Cumberland Gap.” -Abraham Lincoln (Oct. 1, 1861) First Occupation of the Confederate General Felix Zollicoffer took control of the Cumberland Gap Gap, easily overcoming local Home Guard opposition, and Mid 1861 - June 17, 1862 began building fortifications on the north side of the mountain face to halt any Union invasion of Tennessee. After Zollicoffer was killed at the Battle of Mill Springs, Colonel James E. Raines, soon to become General, commanded the Gap until General Carter Stevenson reinforced the Gap and became commander. General Felix Zollicoffer Second Occupation of the General Stevenson and his command were ordered away Cumberland Gap from the Gap and deeper into Tennessee. With June 18 - Sep. 17, 1862 Confederate forces gone, Union General George W. Morgan took control of the Gap and built fortifications along the southern side of the mountain on orders from President Abraham Lincoln. The President was determined to keep Kentucky in the Union and to protect the pro-Union population of East Tennessee. Holding the Gap could also be a staging point for a Union advance on Knoxville that would sever the rail line from Knoxville to Richmond, General George Morgan Virginia. Third Occupation of the In 1862, a major invasion of Kentucky was launched by the Cumberland Gap South. General Morgan left the Gap and Confederate Sep. 18, 1862 - Sep. 9, General Edmund Kirby Smith took control during the 1863 Kentucky Campaign led by Confederate General Braxton Bragg.
    [Show full text]
  • HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Franklin, Tennessee
    HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN Franklin, Tennessee Prepared For The City of Franklin Prepared By Mary Means & Associates, Inc. November 2001 Table of Contents Introduction..........................................................1 City of Franklin: A Rich and Deep History.............3 Franklin’s Historic Preservation Context..............7 Issues Affecting Historic Preservation...............17 Historic Preservation Goals...............................23 Strategies for Historic Preservation..................25 Action Agenda....................................................42 Conclusion..........................................................44 Acknowledgments..............................................45 Introduction Franklin’s history and historic resources are fundamental components of the community’s character. Historic resources, including historic buildings, archaeological sites, and historic landscapes, give a community a sense of identity, stability and orientation. Franklin’s reputation as a small town of great charm and character is founded on its physical setting. People choose to live here because of it. As the area grows and new development takes place, Franklin’s popularity is accompanied by a rising concern among residents that important aspects of community character may be at risk. Historic Preservation Plan 1 Balancing Preservation and Development coordinated fashion. Having a cogent preservation policy and plan will help the City balance decisions to accommodate both Savvy communities have realized that the question
    [Show full text]