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Studies in Chinese Buddhism (DRAFT COURSE OUTLINE, CONTENT SUBJECT to MODIFICATION) CUHK, 2020-21 Academic Year Term 1 (Fall 2020)

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Studies in Chinese Buddhism (DRAFT COURSE OUTLINE, CONTENT SUBJECT to MODIFICATION) CUHK, 2020-21 Academic Year Term 1 (Fall 2020) Studies in Chinese Buddhism (DRAFT COURSE OUTLINE, CONTENT SUBJECT TO MODIFICATION) CUHK, 2020-21 Academic Year Term 1 (Fall 2020) Instructor: Douglas M. Gildow Class Location: Intially online, but when conditions allow, then in Wu Ho Man Yuen Building (WMY), Room 507 (Thursdays) Course Code RELS 5118 Course Title Studies in Chinese Buddhism 中國佛教研究 Course Description This course introduces the main currents of Mahāyāna Buddhist thought. Traditions will generally be presented in the order of their historical development. The focus will be on Mahāyāna thought in India and China, sometimes with the aim of understanding how Chinese Buddhists understood ideas from India, but when relevant other Buddhist traditions (such as Tibetan and Japanese) will be discussed. This course’s aims are thus both broader and narrower than a general introduction to Chinese Buddhism: non-Chinese traditions will be studied (thereby helping students to discern which features of Chinese Buddhism are distinct from other traditions), and yet non-doctrinal aspects of Buddhism (ritual practice, social history, etc.) will not be closely examined. Students will learn Mahāyāna Buddhist thought through reading both recent scholarship and primary texts, with an emphasis on the former. After having completed this course, students will be able to describe the main traditions of Mahāyāna Buddhism and the debates about its interpretation. We will also critically assess Buddhist teachings, judging whether or not their arguments are valid, and reflecting on their relevance to contemporary intellectual and spiritual life. 本課程介紹大乘佛教思想的主要流派，按照各傳統的歷史發展順序來呈現。重點在于介紹 印度和中國的大乘佛教思想，認識中國佛教徒是如何理解印度傳來的佛教思想，也會涉及 相關的其他佛教傳統，例如藏傳佛教和日本佛教。因此本課程的目標不僅在於中國佛教的 概況介紹，會拓寬介紹中國佛教以外的佛教傳統，幫助學生了解中國佛教與其他佛教傳承 的不同；同時，非教理方面的問題（儀式，社會歷史等）將不會深入研究。 學生將通過重點閱讀近期的學術研究與經典原文來學習大乘佛教思想。通過課程，學 生應能論述大乘佛教的主要思想，及學界對其詮釋的爭論。我們也將批判性地評論佛教教 義，以及討論其论点是否有所根據，與當代思想和精神生活的關聯。 Course Syllabus I. Introduction 1. Course Introduction 2. Buddhist Scriptures 1 3. Historical Origins of Mahāyāna Buddhism II. Buddhist Thought, India-Centered 1. Perfection of Wisdom Scriptures 2. Mādhyamika Thought 3. Yogācāra Thought 4. Tathāgatagarbha Thought III. Buddhist Thought, China-Centered 1. Chinese Buddhist Schools and Historical Phases 2. Huayan Sutra Traditions 3. Lotus Sutra Traditions 4. Modern Doctrines and Debates 5. TBD Learning Outcomes 1) Knowledge To enable students to obtain a broad knowledge of Buddhist Studies as a discipline and a more specialized knowledge in a particular topic, in this case Mahāyāna Buddhist thought, particularly in India and China. 2) Skills To help the students develop research skills in general and Buddhist Studies in particular. This includes critical reading and academic writing skills, as wells as facility in finding relevant scholarship and in using research tools. 3) Attitude To develop a historically rooted, reflective, and empathetic yet critical attitude in understanding Buddhism. Assessment Scheme Active participation: 20% Weekly reading responses: 20% (10 responses, 2 points each) Formal paper(s): 60% Three response papers (20% each), OR One longer term paper (60%) Course Requirements Students will be required to complete the following: 1) Active participation (i.e., regular reading and discussion). Complete the required readings, and participate in class discussion each week. A note on attendance: you will not gain any points simply for attending class. You are expected to attend each class. But you will lose five points from your final grade for each unexcused absence beyond three. Excused absences include documented medical emergencies, attending a funeral, etc. Therefore, you also do not need to give me the reasons for your absences if you have three or fewer absences. 2) Response papers. Each student will write a brief reading response to a required reading of his or her choice during weeks two through eleven. Response papers include two elements: (1) a listing of three things you have learned from the reading, and (2) one or two questions about the reading, or directly inspired by the reading, which you think would be interesting for class discussion. When more than one reading is required, you 2 may choose which assignment to do for your response. In such cases, please label your response with a clarifying title, such as “Williams 2008, Chapter 4, Response.” Response papers are due by 6am the day of class. Submit your response directly into the Blackboard text editor and not as a file attachment. The purpose of the response is to ensure that you think about what we are reading ahead of time and come to class prepared for discussion. If your response paper is incomplete (i.e., listing less than three things you learned, or lacking a question), or if it is late (but still submitted prior to the start of class), you will get half credit for it. Response papers submitted after the start of class receive no credit. You are expected to read over your classmates’ responses prior to the beginning of class; you may also refer to them in your response, but you are not obligated to do so. 3) Three formal response papers, OR one term paper. Each student will be able to choose which option to complete: Option one: Three response papers, i.e., formal essays (1000-2000 words) which respond to a question I will give you. Two will be due during the semester and one will be due by 7pm on December 10. Option two: One term paper, on a research topic related to Mahāyāna Buddhism (4000-6000 words total), due by 7pm on December 10. More guidelines on the weekly reading responses, formal response papers, and term paper will be provided during class. Class Format and Contingencies This course will initially be held online, but as soon as conditions allow, it will be held in the classroom. Regardless of where the class is held, the class content and modes of assessment will be the same. A Note on Language The primary medium of instruction for this course will be English. Most required readings are also in English. However, Mandarin Chinese will be a secondary class language. Some readings, particularly primary source materials, will be in Chinese. Some class discussion may be conducted in Mandarin, especially if initiated by students. In addition, course assignments may be written in standard, modern, Mandarin Chinese. Office Hours I am usually available to meet in my office on Fridays between 3pm and 5pm. But you need to make an appointment with me at least twenty-four hours in advance. Some weeks I may be fully booked, and some weeks I might be away from my office at that time. Meetings immediately before class (or briefly after class) are also possible. Feedback for Evaluation An end-of-term university course evaluation will be conducted in class. Student comments and feedback on the course through e-mails or personal meeting with the instructor are always welcome. Required Readings and Purchases 3 Most of the required readings will be provided as pdf documents or are accessible online. Some of the recommended readings will also be provided, too. In addition, students should acquire the following book. • Williams, Paul. 2009. Mahāyāna Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge. Please acquire this book by week two. Class Schedule Week 1 (10 Sept.): Course Introduction No required readings. Recommended Reading • Gethin, Rupert. 1998. Foundations of Buddhism. Chinese translation available but out of print: 佛教基本通, trans. Lai Longyan 賴隆彥. • Shengyan (Ven.). 2007. Orthodox Chinese Buddhism: A Contemporary Chan Master's Answers to Common Questions. Annotated translation of Zhengxin de fojiao 正信的佛教. Translated by Douglas M. Gildow. Berkeley: North Atlantic Books. Also usually available online—in both English and Chinese versions—search around if interested. • Brown, Peter C., Henry L. Roediger, and Mark A. McDaniel. 2014. Make it Stick: The Science of Successful Learning, pp. 23-45 (chapter 2, “To learn, retrieve”). Week 2 (17 Sept.): Buddhist Scriptures • Selections from the Shorter Chinese Saṃyukta Āgama. Read the introduction to this collection here: http://buddhistinformatics.chibs.edu.tw/BZA/ Then read the English translations of the following sutras: bza001 through bza010 (i.e., the first ten sutras in this collection), available here: http://buddhistinformatics.chibs.edu.tw/BZA/bzaComCatWeb.html Also feel free to read through the ancient Chinese versions of these scriptures, which are provided along with the English (and Pali) versions. • T262, Lotus Sutra 妙法蓮華經, chapters 1 and 2. Questions: Based on your readings of the early Buddhist scriptures, what seems to be the goal of Buddhism, and how is that goal supposed to be reached? (How) do the goals and methods of Buddhism differ between the Āgama sutras and the Lotus Sutra? How does the Buddha himself, as presented, differ in these two kinds of sutras? Recommended readings • Strong, John S. 2015. Buddhisms, pp. 135-159 (chapter 5, “The Four Truths”). • Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta: Setting the Wheel of Dhamma in Motion (the first sutta ever delivered, according to Theravāda Buddhism): http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/sn/sn56/sn56.011.than.html 4 Week 3 (24 Sept.): Introduction to Mahāyāna Buddhism • Williams, Paul. 2009. Mahāyāna Buddhism. Chapter 1, “Introduction” (pp. 1-44). Recommended reading • Schopen, Gregory. 2005. “The Mahāyāna and the Middle Period in Indian Buddhism: Through a Chinese Looking Glass.” In Figments and Fragments of Mahāyāna Buddhism, pp. 3-24. • Yinshun 印順. 初期大乘佛教之起源與開展. Available online: https://cbetaonline.dila.edu.tw/zh/Y0035_001
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