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RADIO Electronica 1 September 1973
21e Jaargang RADIO electronica 1 september 1973 ONAFHANKELIJK TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR PRAKTISCHE ELEKTRONICA f 1,70 VERSCHIJNT TWEEMAAL PER MAAND j2september hamsterdam Rai ■ Va-,,:. Si2: ■ \i SU V 7\S 26/9 tm 4/10 rai amsterdam © het instrument 1973I Miniscoop type 211 van Tektronix ___________________________________________________________ ••«*? Amroh componenten ') 4 • * Alp *UM iU 'M AMROH B.V. Telex 15171 Tel. (02942) - 1951* Muiden 17 ONAFHANKELIJK TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR PRAKTISCHE ELEKTRONICA 1 september 1973 waarin opgenomen „ELECTRON DIGEST", orgaan van het Internationaal Documentatie Centrum voor Elektronische Toepassingen 21e Jaargang (IDOCET) Antwerpen Uitgave van: Kluwer Technische Tijdschriften B.V. S Redactie, administratie en advertentie- afdeling Polstraat 9 - Postbus 23 Deventer-6600 - Tel. 0 5700 - 7 55 22 Giro 86 12 21 Bankrelatie: In dit nummer Algemene Bank Nederland N.V., Deventer No. 596247265 Redactie: Telecommunicatietechniek 585 NOS en quadrofonie C. J. Bakker 611 Draadloze ultrasonische afstandbe J. G. Smilde diening voor KTV Medewerkers in Nederland en België: ir. E. A. L. M. Aerts J. H.Jansen W. Arckens drs W. D M Janssen Onderwijs en didactiek 589 Hoger informatica onderwijs en be- R. Bakker H. Jekel W. De Boeck Th. R. J. Koehoorn drijfsinformatica onderwijs ir. W. v. Bokhoven M. Leeuwin 600 44e AES-conventie J. Bron H. Leydens 609 8ste Int. TV-Symposium H. E. Charlouis ing. Th C. Lof (L&S IP) W W. Diefenbach W. Olthoff C. L. Doesburg H Saeys R. Y. Drost drs. F. M. Schimmel Elektroakoestiek 593 Platenspeler met tangentiale arm E. J. R. Engelen mg. J. M. Spekreijse (L&S'IP) 601 Quadrofonie J. H. M. Goddijn F, A. -
OF the 1980S
THAT MADE THE HOME COMPUTER REVOLUTION OF THE 1980s 23 THAT MADE THE HOME COMPUTER REVOLUTION OF THE 1980s First published in 2021 by Raspberry Pi Trading Ltd, Maurice Wilkes Building, St. John’s Innovation Park, Cowley Road, Cambridge, CB4 0DS Publishing Director Editors Russell Barnes Phil King, Simon Brew Sub Editor Design Nicola King Critical Media Illustrations CEO Sam Alder with Brian O Halloran Eben Upton ISBN 978-1-912047-90-1 The publisher, and contributors accept no responsibility in respect of any omissions or errors relating to goods, products or services referred to or advertised in this book. Except where otherwise noted, the content of this book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0). Contents Introduction. 6 Research Machines 380Z. 8 Commodore PET 2001. 18 Apple II. 36 Sinclair ZX80 and ZX81. 46 Commodore VIC-20 . 60 IBM Personal Computer (5150). 78 BBC Micro . 90 Sinclair ZX Spectrum. 114 Dragon 32. 138 Commodore 64. 150 Acorn Electron . .166 Apple Macintosh . .176 Amstrad CPC 464. 194 Sinclair QL . .210 Atari 520ST. 222 Commodore Amiga. 234 Amstrad PCW 8256. 256 Acorn Archimedes . .268 Epilogue: Whatever happened to the British PC? . .280 Acknowledgements . 281 Further reading, further viewing, and forums. 283 Index . .286 The chapters are arranged in order of each computer’s availability in the UK, as reflected by each model’s date of review in Personal Computer World magazine. Introduction The 1980s was, categorically, the best decade ever. Not just because it gave us Duran Duran and E.T., not even because of the Sony Walkman. -
How 1980S Britain Learned to Love the Computer
Lean, Tom. "Computers for the Man in the Street." Electronic Dreams: How 1980s Britain Learned to Love the Computer. London: Bloomsbury Sigma, 2016. 61–88. Bloomsbury Collections. Web. 30 Sep. 2021. <http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781472936653.0006>. Downloaded from Bloomsbury Collections, www.bloomsburycollections.com, 30 September 2021, 11:40 UTC. Copyright © Tom Lean 2016. You may share this work for non-commercial purposes only, provided you give attribution to the copyright holder and the publisher, and provide a link to the Creative Commons licence. CHAPTER THREE Computers for the Man in the Street arly in 1980, adverts began appearing in British newspapers Efor something rather unusual. Sandwiched between pages of economic and social troubles, Thatcherite politics and Cold War paranoia was an advert for a small white box. It looked a little like an overgrown calculator, but declared itself to be the Sinclair ZX80 Personal Computer, and could be bought, ready made, for just £ 99.95. Despite the implausibly low price, the ZX80 was not only a ‘ real computer ’ , but one that cut through computer ‘ mystique ’ to teach programming, and was so easy to use that ‘ inside a day you ’ ll be talking to it like an old friend’ , or so the advert said. It was an impressively crafted piece of marketing, creating an impression of aff ordability and accessibility, ideas hitherto rarely associated with computers. The little white box, and the bold claims that sold it, marked the beginning of a redefi nition of computers as aff ordable and everyday appliances for the masses. At the time microcomputers were broadly split between two basic types. -
Scientific American, October, 1974
SCIENTIFIC ERIC EMISSION l\EBULAS $1.00 ({)etda1974 © 1974 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC © 1974 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC Cars are like people. as is a 4-speed transmission, plus front and rear Some seem filled with inhibitions, concessions, stabilizer bars in the suspension. compromises. And to further demonstrate its utilitarian talents, Then there's the other kind. The kind that exudes Skyhawk is a hatchback. Which opens to reveal charisma. Confidence. Free spirit. seating for four, a generous luggage compartment, Buick's new Skyhawk, as its name suggests, is of an expanse of natty houndstooth upholstery and a the latter category. big tachometer. All standard, of course. It sits there, rakish and purposeful, square There's more, but space limits. Suffice to say if headlamped and aerodynamic, tautly suspended you've stayed with us this long, you're probably the on its radial-shod wheels. Like any confident design, kind of person Skyhawk was designed to attract. Skyhawk does not beg you to love it. It does In which case the two of you really not over-promise or boast. It simply is. And its pres ought to meet each other. ence inspires affection. At your Buick dealer. Yet for all its machismo, for all its tendency to look like some exotic European prototype, Skyhawk is as untemperamental as an old friend. Its engine is a Buick-built, 3.8 liter V-6 that is designed to be both responsive and frugal. High-Energy Ignition (no points or ignition condenser to replace) is standard, © 1974 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC © 1974 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC SCIENTIFIC Established 1845 AM E RI CAN October 1974 Volume 231 Number 4 ARTICLES 21 TIlE INTERNATIONAL CONTROL OF DISAR\lM1ENT, by Alva Myrdal An agency is needed to disseminate arms information and verify arms agreements. -
Calculator from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
Calculator From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia An electronic calculator is a small, portable electronic device used to perform both basic operations of arithmetic and complex mathematical operations. The first solid state electronic calculator was created in the 1960s, building on the extensive history of tools such as the abacus, developed around 2000 BC, and the mechanical calculator, developed in the 17th century. It was developed in parallel with the analog computers of the day. The pocket sized devices became available in the 1970s, especially after the first microprocessor developed by Intel for the Japanese calculator company Busicom. They later became commonly used within the Oil and Gas industry. An electronic pocket calculator with a LCD seven Modern electronic calculators vary from cheap, giveaway, creditcard segment display, that can sized models to sturdy desktop models with builtin printers. They perform arithmetic became popular in the mid1970s as integrated circuits made their size operations. and cost small. By the end of that decade, calculator prices had reduced to a point where a basic calculator was affordable to most and they became common in schools. Computer operating systems as far back as early Unix have included interactive calculator programs such as dc and hoc, and calculator functions are included in almost all PDAtype devices (save a few dedicated address book and dictionary devices). In addition to general purpose calculators, there are those designed for specific markets; for example, there are scientific calculators which include trigonometric and statistical calculations. Some calculators even have the ability to do computer algebra. -
H RICH ICS RA OCONSTRUCTOR AUGUST 1973 20P
r h RICH ICS RA OCONSTRUCTOR AUGUST 1973 20p ° 300mW AUDIO AMPLIFIER Each £3 unit of Home Unit Insurance gives you protection up to the limit shown This is the simplified insurance you have been waiting for. (or # units after the first) up to a maximum of five. So Not just cover on the contents of your home but a simple. So easy. Apply to your Broker, Agent or local office package of personal protection you and your family need. of a General Accident company. And it's how we save you so much money: just ONE The Home Unit Policy can ,replace your existing insurances policy to issue instead of nine! And remember- as you buy more possessions just add You can build up to the cover you need by additional units more Home Units at any time. Quote Ref. 20/9468 THE GENERAL ACCIDENT FIRE & Please send me further particulars of LIFE ASSURANCE CORPORATION LTD the Home Unit Insurance. Name Metropolitan House, 35 Victoria Avenue, Southend-on-Sea, Essex, SS2 6BT Address 2019468 Join the Digital Revolution Digital Computer Teach yourself the Logic and latest techniques of Electronics A Self -instructional Course digital electronics Basic Book computer the beginning of the logic Computers and calculators are only 1 digital revolution in electronics. Telephones, wristwatches, ocgical TV, automobile instrumentation - these will be just in next few years. Book 2ciruitLL some of the application areas the elements Designing circuits Are you prepared to cope with these developments? Book 3 to carry out logical functions This four volume course guides you step-by-step with and hundreds of diagrams and iluestions through number Book aril Boolean algebra, truth tables, de Morgan's registers systems, 4 theorem, flipflops, registers, counters and adders. -
HI ILIAPE LINK Is This the Price Youpay?
PRACTICAL ELEC ONICS MARCH 1973 20p BI AS 3.75 S ORO VU BIAS 1138 75 Mi. - .......tttttttttt ** t - ******** ******** HI ILIAPE LINK is this the price youpay? Probably, if you're still using an ordinary soldering iron. Ordinary soldering irons can cause damage to transistors and integrated circuits - damage which wastes time and costs money. Now, with the unique ANTEX X25 and CCN low leakage soldering irons no harm can come to the most delicate equipment, even when soldered 'Live' (You could be making quite a saving). MODEL X25 220-240 Volts or 100-120 Volts. The leakage current of the NEW MODEL G X25 is only a few microamps and 18 watt miniature iron, fitted cannot harm the most delicat, with long life iron -coated bit equipment even when soldered 3/32". Vol -ages 240,220 "live". Tested at 1500v. A.C. MODEL or 110. PRICE: £1.83 This 25 watt iron with it's CCN Irec. retail). truly remarkable heat -capa- 220 volts or city will easily "out -solder" 240 volts. The any conventionally -made 15 watt miniature 40 and 60 watt soldering model CCN irons, due to its unique also has negligible s*" construct ion.advantages. leakage. Fitted long -life iron - Test voltage 4000v.`\, coated bit 1/8". 2 A.C. Totally enclosed MODEL CN other bits avail- element in ceramic shaft. able 3/32" and Miniature 15 watt Fitted long -life iron -coated soldering iron fitted N MODEL CN2 3/16". Totally bit 3/32. 4 other bits enclosed element 3/32" iron -coated \Miniature 15 watt solde ing available 1/8", 3/16", 1/4" bit. -
Cambridge Phenomenon Book Press Sample 2
Growin G pains: 1970–1979 he early 1970s saw high inflation, the oil price shock and industrial action by coal miners, which led to rolling power cuts and the three-day working week for the first months of 1974. Many companies struggled T to survive. But as the decade began, Cambridge Consultants was close to collapse for a different reason – despite the enthusiasm and technical brilliance of the people who worked there, a lack of management skills and business experience threatened the company’s survival. However, at the same time, two other companies, Metals Research and Sinclair Radionics, were riding high and new companies were being formed at an increasing rate. The development of the Cambridge Science Park also began to have an effect. By the end of the decade, things would look very different. When George Kent Ltd took over the Cambridge instrument the company moved into the old ironworks that had previously Company, it had four divisions: Industrial, Scientific, Electronic been home to George Lister and Sons, manufacturers of the and H W Sullivan Ltd, a company purchased in the 1960s that successful Lister sports cars in the 1950s. made precision electrical measuring instruments. In 1970, Philips took complete ownership of the Pye Group during Kent Electronic Products was set up in Cambridge, and in 1971 the 1970s, and Pye TVT was renamed the Broadcast Company the industrial section was merged with the Foster Instrument of Philips. The Cambridge group took on the leadership of all 33 Company. The medical element of the scientific section became broadcast operations for Philips, coordinating activities in a separate company a year later, Kent-Cambridge Medical Ltd, Holland and the US. -
OF the 1980S
THAT MADE THE HOME COMPUTER REVOLUTION OF THE 1980s 23 THAT MADE THE HOME COMPUTER REVOLUTION OF THE 1980s First published in 2021 by Raspberry Pi Trading Ltd, Maurice Wilkes Building, St. John’s Innovation Park, Cowley Road, Cambridge, CB4 0DS Publishing Director Editors Russell Barnes Phil King, Simon Brew Sub Editor Design Nicola King Critical Media Illustrations CEO Sam Alder with Brian O Halloran Eben Upton ISBN 978-1-912047-90-1 The publisher, and contributors accept no responsibility in respect of any omissions or errors relating to goods, products or services referred to or advertised in this book. Except where otherwise noted, the content of this book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0). Contents Introduction. 6 Research Machines 380Z. 8 Commodore PET 2001. 18 Apple II. 36 Sinclair ZX80 and ZX81. 46 Commodore VIC-20 . 60 IBM Personal Computer (5150). 78 BBC Micro . 90 Sinclair ZX Spectrum. 114 Dragon 32. 138 Commodore 64. 150 Acorn Electron . .166 Apple Macintosh . .176 Amstrad CPC 464. 194 Sinclair QL . .210 Atari 520ST. 222 Commodore Amiga. 234 Amstrad PCW 8256. 256 Acorn Archimedes . .268 Epilogue: Whatever happened to the British PC? . .280 Acknowledgements . 281 Further reading, further viewing, and forums. 283 Index . .286 The chapters are arranged in order of each computer’s availability in the UK, as reflected by each model’s date of review in Personal Computer World magazine. Introduction The 1980s was, categorically, the best decade ever. Not just because it gave us Duran Duran and E.T., not even because of the Sony Walkman. -
An Academic QL Case Study by The
J S _ The Open University Technology A Third Level Course EJ 4* Z7 London Borough of Newham Library Service FOBD 696B O8 557 This book must be returned (or its issue renewed) on or betore the last date stamped above BLOCK 2 MARKETING SINCLAIR’S QL MICROCOMPUTER BRITISH TELECOM’S PRESTEL 31Z)Lf: 34-i4] 373-86 SINCLAIR’S QL MICROCOMPUTER Prepared on behalf of the Course Team by Godfrey Boyle Design and Innovation The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA This text consists of two case studies on the marketing First published 1986 of high-technology innovations. It forms part of an Copyright © 1986 The Open University Open University course entitled T362: Design and All rights reserved, No part of this work may be reproduced Innovation, which examines the processes of design in any form by mimeograph or any other means, without and innovation under a variety of industrial, permission in writing from the publisher commercial, social and political circumstances. Designed by the Graphic Design Group of the A full list of aims and objectives for these case Open University studies, together with self-assessment questions Printed by Thomson Litho Ltd, East Kilbride, Scotland (SAQs) and references to relevant articles in the ISBN 0 335 17272 5 Course Reader (Roy, R. and Wield, D. (eds.) (1985) This text forms part of an Open University course. A Product design and technological innovation, The complete list of units in the course is given at the end of this Open University Press) can be found in the Study text Guide for Block 2 of the course.