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Fully Developing the Work, Other Members May Use This As the Model IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 21, Issue 4, Ver. III (Apr. 2016) PP 01-21 e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845. www.iosrjournals.org Community Empowerment Through The Program Of The Movement To Develop People Economic In Lamongan Regency Indonesia Yuhronur Efendi 1), . Abdul Juli Andi Gani 2), Mardiyono 3), Andy Fefta Wijaya4) 1) Student Doctoral Program Of The State Administration Of Administrative Sciences UB Malang State 2) Professor Doctoral Program In Public Administration Faculty Of The State Administration Of Brawijaya 3) Lecturer Doctoral Program In Public Administration Faculty Of The State Administration Of Brawijaya 4) Lecturer Doctoral Program In Public Administration Fakulty Of The State Administration Of Brawijaya Abstract: The objective of research is to describe, to analyze and to interpret the process and output of community empowerment at The Movement to Develop the Economic of Rural Lamongan People (GEMERLAP). Method of research is qualitative method suggested by Strauss & Corbin (1997).[1] Focus of research is given upon the findings of Narayan (2002) [2], Kartasasmita (1996) [3], Suharto (2009) [4], Brinkerhoff and Derick W (2005) [5]. Instrument of research is based on Sugiyono (2007) [6] and Moleong (2006) [7]. Data analysis is in accord with Miles & Huberman (2014) [8]. Result of research indicates that community empowerment at The Movement to Develop the Economic of Rural Lamongan People (GEMERLAP) is realized through internalizing empowerment values such as access to information, inclusion and participation, accountability, and local organizational capacity. Besides internalizing these empowerment values, The Movement to Develop the Economic of Rural Lamongan People (GEMERLAP) also constructs empowerment process by using enabling strategy which is creating a condition or climate that helps the community to develop their potentials. Empowering strategy is also used to strengthen the potentials or powers of community and also to protect the weak member of community. The output of empowerment through The Movement to Develop the Economic of Rural Lamongan People (GEMERLAP) shall then contribute to economic ability and communal capacity to access the welfare and also shall develop the cultural and political competences. Keywords: empowerment, community, building, economic and people I. Introduction In various decades, poverty is the main priority of development programs planned by the government. Major estuary of development planning toward Year 2012 is still focused on the alleviation and mitigation of poverty. The most prominent thing in Indonesia after crisis in 1998 is the emergence of poverty alleviation program in various sectors managed by the government. In forestry sector, there is a Forestry Intensive Work Program. Health sector witnesses a synergy between the Official of Workforce, the Cooperative and the Small- Medium Enterprises to organize Social Security Net Program (JPS). There are several base structure programs such as Urban Poverty Mitigation Program (P2KP), Remote Village Development and Improvement Program (P3DT), Coastal Community Economic Empowerment (PEMP), District Development Program (PPK), Remote Village President Instruction (IDT), and finally, for-poor rice program (Raskin). Other programs are released for the development of productive economic, such as Smallholder Income Improvement Program (P4K), Welfare Family Income Improvement Initiative (UPPKS), Women Empowerment for Local Economic Development (P3EL), Saving-Loan Cooperative (KSP), and Micro Finance Agency (LKM). In education sector, there is School Operational Financing Program (BOS). Water Supply and Sanitation Project for Low Income Communities (WSLIC) and Health Social Security Net Program are important programs in health. Oil Fuel Subsidy, Rural Infrastructure Development and Fishing Subsidy are all initiatives with great impact on fishery and marine sector (Zaini, 2006:11) [9]. Given many programs performed by the government for the alleviation and mitigation of poverty, Indonesia shall stand beyond what so called “absolute poverty”. However, it is far from the expectation. Poverty is still becoming a main problem in Indonesia. East Java Province is the third biggest economic force in Indonesia which enjoys 5.90 % national economic growth but with bigger poverty rate than national poverty percentage (East Java Capital Investment Agency, 2009:4). Although poverty rate starts to decrease, many development programs are still unable to overcome the poverty gap between rural and urban. DOI: 10.9790/0837-2104030121 www.iosrjournals.org 1 | Page Community Empowerment Through The Program Of The Movement To Develop People Economic In After the launching of local autonomy, interregional development gap (rural and urban) is still high, meaning that the goal of local autonomy toward people welfare is not yet achieved. By developing the autonomy, the localities (regency, town/city and province) must struggle to each other to attain real achievement amidst the tight economic competition. Local resource mobilization is practically under the control of local and provincial government. Development programs represent a strategic implementation for every local leader to manifest their vision and mission. Practically, it can be said that local autonomy is providing wide opportunity to the local to implement the development based on local capacity amidst fast and strategic environmental change. In practice, autonomy is widely accepted by autonomous local that represented by local government (Regency/City) if compared to other component of local community. Consequently, Law No.32/2004 [10] is reflecting more on the arrangement of “local government autonomy” than “local autonomy” itself (Utomo, 2005:3) [11]. It can be understood given the great wave of authority devolution from central to local, which is followed by the arrangement of organization that is usually fat and overloading the budget. Innovations applied into local developments must be taken into account by the implementer of local development, especially through decentralization process which provides a necessary room for maneuver. Decentralization process from the central may give opportunity to local government to produce their good governance. Autonomy policy is not entirely producing positive impact because several fundamental problems are constraining autonomy and these are not yet resolved. The financing needed for the implementation of government and local development is still lacking. This condition is worsened by improper fund allocation that misses the target. Many local projects are missing the target and incompatible to the development of people welfare. Dealing with the problems of local development, it will need a development strategy that stays on target and aligns with local potential. The limited financial resource is such usual problem experienced by all locals of Indonesia, including Lamongan Regency. Policy makers and local development planners in localities are remaining in dilemmatic position. Fair and just consideration, therefore, is needed in determining the leading sectors that must be developed. This consideration is a reference for policymaking that determines which policy that must be given a priority by local government. Lamongan is selected as research location because the local government has designed a development that prioritizes onto local potential, respectively rural potential, to deal with welfare gap between rural and urban communities. Economic potentials owned by Lamongan Regency, based on location quotient (LQ) analysis, are derived from three leading sectors, respectively agriculture, service and trade, and hotel and restaurant. Agriculture is twice more superior than other sectors (service and trade, and hotel and restaurant). Based on LQ analysis, the leading potential of a local is also associated with the resource. In relative with natural resource, the local leading potential of Lamongan Regency for its agriculture sector is found at crop sub-sector and fishery sub-sector. With the standard total of crop field counted for 83,213 hectares (7.23 % of East Java Total), Lamongan Regency in 2013 can produce rice grain for 967,497 tons GKG (8.03 % of rice grain total in East Java or the second biggest in East Java) (www.lamongankab.go.id) [12]. For fishery sub-sector, in 2013, Lamongan Regency has contributed to East Java as the biggest production of fishery, by productivity of 112,384.38 tons. Besides fishery sector, animal husbandry sector of Lamongan Regency, mainly broiler husbandry, has been the first rank in East Java with total population of 40,730,335.00 chickens. For the sheep, Lamongan Regency has contributed to East Java as the third biggest producer by population total of 66,009.00 sheeps (www.lamongankab.go.id) [12]. In processing industry sector, the leading potential of this sector is supported by many home industries (IRT) and micro-small-medium enterprises (UMKM). Based on data of 2013, Lamongan Regency has witnessed the emergence of 252,734 units of UMKM including agriculture and non-agriculture UMKM. All UMKM contribute greatly to local economic and have absorbed workforces in Lamongan Regency (www.lamongankab.go.id) [12]. To ensure a successful development in Lamongan Regency, paradigms and strategies are selected to be the base of development process. According to Friedman (1992) [13] quoted by Suryono (2010:55) [14], empowerment concept is the alternative to the development,
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