Smart Blue Roof Lit Review
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Automated Real-time IoT Smart Blue Roof Systems for the IC&I Sector for Flood and Drought Resilience and Adaptation: A Literature Review Prepared by: www.sustainabletechnologies.ca © 2018 Credit Valley Conservation Smart Blue Roof Project – Literature Review Report PUBLICATION INFORMATION This document was prepared by the Credit Valley Conservation through the Sustainable Technologies Evaluation Program. Citation: Credit Valley Conservation. 2018. Smart Blue Roof Project Literature Review Report . Credit Valley Conservation, Mississauga, Ontario. Report Contributors from Credit Valley Conservation: Bernadeta Phil James Kyle Vander Linden Graeme MacDonald Aloma Jonker Szmudrowska Jacqueline Kyle Menken Bill Trenouth Paul Kennedy Erin Curtis Demchuk Documents prepared by the Sustainable Technologies Evaluation Program (STEP) are available at www.sustainabletechnologies.ca . For more information about this or other STEP publications, please contact: Bernadeta Szmudrowska Cassie Schembri Specialist, Integrated Water Management Program Manager, Integrated Water Management Credit Valley Conservation Authority Credit Valley Conservation Authority 1255 Old Derry Road, 1255 Old Derry Road, Mississauga, Ontario Mississauga, Ontario L5N 6R4 L5N 6R4 Tel: 905-670-1615 ext 535 Tel: 905-670-1615 ext 277 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] THE SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGIES EVALUATION PROGRAM The water component of the Sustainable Technologies Evaluation Program (STEP) is a partnership between Toronto and Region Conservation Authority (TRCA), Credit Valley Conservation and Lake Simcoe Region Conservation Authority. STEP supports broader implementation of sustainable technologies and practices within a Canadian context by: • Carrying out research, monitoring and evaluation of clean water and low carbon technologies; • Assessing technology implementation barriers and opportunities; • Developing supporting tools, guidelines and policies; • Delivering education and training programs; • Advocating for effective sustainable technologies; and • Collaborating with academic and industry partners through our Living Labs and other initiatives. Technologies evaluated under STEP are not limited to physical devices or products; they may also include preventative measures, implementation protocols, alternative urban site designs, and other innovative practices that help create more sustainable and livable communities. Credit Valley Conservation Page i Smart Blue Roof Project – Literature Review Report ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Funding support for this document was generously provided by the Federation of Canadian Municipalities and the Region of Peel. We would also like to thank the many individuals and organizations who contributed to this report by providing data, technical review and expert advice: • Michael Cleland, City of Mississauga • Eric Meliton, Toronto and Region Conservation Authority • Julius Lindsay, City of Mississauga • Patrick Fung, Toronto and Region Conservation Authority • Tim Van Seters, Toronto and Region • Bruce Taylor, Enviro-Stewards Conservation Authority • Angela Murphy, Ryerson University • Alicia Wind, Enviro-Stewards • Daniel Caunter, George Brown College • Edward Del Rosso, Enviro-Stewards • Amir Shabani, George Brown College • Moheb Ekladios, Credit Valley Conservation • Chris LeConte, Smart Watering Systems • Alex Fitzgerald, Credit Valley Conservation • Chantelle-Brittany Jacob-Okorn, Credit • Kevin Mercer, RainGrid Valley Conservation • Carol Chaput, Region of Peel • Igor Yeremin, RainGrid • Jeremy Harris, Region of Peel • John Silvestri, WSP • Jeremy Schembri, Region of Peel • Miomir Brzakovic, WSP • Iris Tufa, Region of Peel NOTICE While support was received from the above noted individuals and agencies to prepare this document, such support does not indicate their endorsement of its contents. Although every reasonable effort has been made to ensure the integrity of the contents of this document, the supporting individuals and agencies do not make any warranty or representation, expressed or implied, with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained herein. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation of those products. The purpose of this communication is to provide general information of a legal nature. It does not contain a full analysis of the law nor does it constitute an opinion on the points of law discussed. Credit Valley Conservation Page ii Smart Blue Roof Project – Literature Review Report TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 1 Overview of stormwater challenges facing municipalities ......................................................................... 1 Blue roofs, smart blue roofs and potential benefits ................................................................................... 1 The Smart Blue Roof Project .................................................................................................................... 2 Methodology .............................................................................................................................................. 3 Key Results ............................................................................................................................................... 3 Recommendations for Phase Two ............................................................................................................ 4 1.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 5 1.1 Stormwater challenges .................................................................................................................. 5 1.2 The Benefits of Blue Roofs ........................................................................................................... 8 1.3 Meeting Canadian municipalities’ stormwater challenges ............................................................ 9 1.4 Types of blue roof systems and potential for application across Peel region: an overview........ 10 1.5 Project structure and phases ...................................................................................................... 13 2.0 The Study Area and Policy Context: Credit Valley Conservation Administrative Office, Mississauga ........................................................................................................................................................ 16 2.1 Current Conditions ...................................................................................................................... 16 3.0 Background Information .................................................................................................................. 29 3.1 Blue Roof Technology and Performance .................................................................................... 29 3.2 Blue Roof System Architecture and Real-Time Automation ....................................................... 36 3.3 Water Quantity Monitoring .......................................................................................................... 37 3.4 Water Level Measurement .......................................................................................................... 37 3.5 Water Flow Measurement ........................................................................................................... 40 3.6 Water Quality Monitoring ............................................................................................................. 45 3.7 CVC’s Real-time Monitoring ........................................................................................................ 48 4.0 Wireless Sensor Networks .............................................................................................................. 48 4.1 Distributed Sensor Network ........................................................................................................ 49 5.0 Safety Features For Blue Roof Applications ................................................................................... 49 6.0 Blue Roof Operation And Maintenance .......................................................................................... 52 6.1 Inspection and Maintenance Plan ............................................................................................... 52 6.2 Recommended Inspection Activities ........................................................................................... 52 6.3 Recommended Maintenance Activities ....................................................................................... 53 7.0 Open Source vs. Proprietary vs. Hybrid Platforms ......................................................................... 57 7.1 Open Source IoT Platforms ......................................................................................................... 57 7.2 Proprietary IoT Platforms ............................................................................................................ 57 Credit Valley Conservation Page iii Smart Blue Roof Project – Literature Review Report 7.3 Hybrid Platforms .......................................................................................................................... 58 8.0 Integrating Services into Building Management Systems ..............................................................