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1997, 23. Jahrgang Rundfunk und Geschichte Mitteilungen des Studienkreises Rundfunk und Geschichte Informationen aus dem Deutschen Rundfunkarchiv 23. Jahrgang Nr. 2 I 3 - April I Juli 1997 Der freie Wettbewerb als Erfolgsgarantie? Beispiele aus der Technikgeschichte des Fernsehens Einführung des Werbefernsehens in Bayern G. Grosz und J. R. Becher im Rundfunk (Teil II) Berliner Rundfunkversuchsstelle (1928 - 1935) Kriegsgefangenenfrage im Berliner Rundfunk Buch, Buchhandel und Rundfunk (1950 - 1960) Rezensionen Bibliographie Mitteilungen des Studienkreises Rundfunk und Geschichte Informationen aus dem Deutschen Rundfunkarchiv Zitierweise: RuG -ISSN 0175-4351 Redaktion: Ansgar Diller Edgar Lersch Redaktionsanschrift Dr. Ansgar Diller, Deutsches Rundfunkarchiv Frankfurt am Main - Berlin, Bertramstraße 8, 60320 Frankfurt am Main, Tel. 069-15687212, Fax 069-15687200 Dr. Edgar Lersch, Süddeutscher Rundfunk, Historisches Archiv, Neckarstraße 230, 70190 Stuttgart, Tel. 0711-9293233, Fax 0711-9292698 Redaktionsassistenz: Dr. Stefan Niessen Herstellung: Michael Friebel Redaktionsschluß: 3. Juli 1997 Inhalt 23. Jahrgang Nr 213- April/ Juli 1997 Aufsätze Herwig Walitsch Der freie Wettbewerb als Erfolgsgarantie? Versuch einer Mythenkritik am Beispiel der Geschichte der Fernsehtechnik 97 Bettina Hassalbring Einführung des Werbefernsehens in Bayern (1956) 111 Miszellen »Diese irrationalistische, teufelsgläubige Zeit« George Grosz und Johannes R Becher in der Berliner Funkstunde, Teil II (Jeanpaul Goergen) 119 Die Berliner Rundfunkversuchsstelle (1928- 1935) Zur Geschichte und Rezeption einer Institution aus der Frühzeit von Rundfunk und Tonfilm (Dietmar Schenk) 124 »Die Heimat ruft«. Die Heimkehr deutscher Kriegsgefangener aus der Sowjetunion im Programm des Berliner Rundfunks ( 1945 - 1950) (Jörg-Uwe Fischer) 127 Neues vom Schatzkästlein »Buch , Buchhandel und Rundfunk 1950- 1960« . Ein Tagungsbericht (Sabine Schiller-Lerg) 133 Klaus von Bismarck (1912- 1997) (Wolf Bierbach) 138 Reinhold Vöth ( 1930 - 1997) (Bettina Hasselbring) 139 David Berger (1915 - 1997) (Uif Scharlau) 143 Reinhard Schneider ( 1922 - 1997) 143 Kamerastile im aktuellen Kino . Ein Tagung in Marburg (Matthias Kraus) 144 »Bildstörung- Grenzphänomene des Dokumentarischen Films« Eine Tagung in Stuttgart (Edgar Lersch) 147 Fernsehen im Helldunkel Eindrücke von der Ausstellung »Der Traum vom Sehen« in Oberhausen (Oliver Zöllner) 149 Britisches Truppenfernsehen mit neuem Namen Kleiner Aufriß seiner Geschichte (Oliver Zöllner) 152 »Echo der Schweiz« Eine Rundfunkausstellung in Schwyz (Theo Mäusli) 154 Memory of the World Projekt der UNESCO zur Erhaltung des Weltdokumentenerbes 154 Molotow im Rundfunkam 22 . Juni 1941 Eine Ergänzung 155 94 Rundfunk und Geschichte 23 (1997) Rezensionen Horst J. P. Bergmeier I Rainer E. Lotz: Hitler's Airwaves (Ansgar Diller) 156 Konrad Dussel: Die Interessen der Allgemeinheit vertreten (Ansgar Diller) 156 Hans-Uirich Wagner: »Der gute Wille, etwas Neues zu schaffen« (Wolfram Wessels) 157 Jacques Semelin: La liberte au bout des ondes (Muriel Favre) 158 Gerald Diesener I Rainer Gries: Propaganda in Deutschland (Wolfgang Mühi-Benninghaus) 159 Siegtried J. Schmidt I Brigitte Spieß: Die Kommerzialisierung der Kommunikation (Rainer Gries) 160 Hermann Fünfgeld I Claudia Mast (Hrsg.): Massenkommunikation (Christian Filk) 162 Sabine Jungk (Hrsg.): Zwischen Skandal und Routine? (Chritian Filk) 162 Ursula E. Koch u.a. (Hrsg.): Hörfunk in Deutschland und Frankreich I La rad io en France et en Allemagne. (Muriel Favre) 163 Susanne Poliert: Film- und Fernseharchive in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Edgar Lersch) 164 Ralf Koch : »Medien mögen ·s weiß« : Rassismus im Nachrichtengeschäft (Chritian Filk) 166 Josef Häusler Spiegel der Neuen Musik: Donaueschingen (Ansgar Diller) 167 Nordrhein-Westfalen. Ein Land in seiner Geschichte 1946- 1996 Wolfram Köhler (Hrsg .) Nordrhein-Westfalen. Fünfzig Jahre später (Ansgar Diller) 168 Stefan Plaggenborg: Revolutionskultur (Carola Tischler) 168 Carola Tischler: Flucht in die Verfolgung (Ansgar Diller) 169 Michael Boiler Die Großfunkstation Nauen und ihre Bauten von Hermann Muthesius Deutsche Telekom (Hrsg.): Nauen sendet Reinhard Klein-Arendt: »Kamina ruft Nauen!« (Ansgar Diller) 170 Chris Howland: Happy Days? (Oliver Zöllner) 171 Slovensky rozhlas (Hrsg .): Slovensky rozhlas. V jubilejnom roku 1996 (Ansgar Diller) 172 Bibliographie Online, Internet und Digitalkultur. Zur jüngsten Diskussion um die Informationsgesellschaft (Christian Filk) 173 Zeitschriftenlese 73 (1.2. - 30 .4.1997) (Rudolf Lang) 181 Inhalt 95 Mitteilungen des Studienkreises Rundfunk und Geschichte 28 . Jahrestagung des Studienkreises in Potsdam 183 25 . Grünberger Doktoranden-Kolloqium 1997 184 »Fernsehpioniere in Österreich«. Tagung beim ORF in Wien 188 »Rezeptionsgeschichte nach 1945«. Eine Tagung im Südwestfunk 188 Informationen aus dem Deutschen Rundfunkarchiv Programmgeschichte des Rundfunks in der Weimarer Republik erschienen 189 CDs zu Stalin-Kult und Zeppelin 189 96 Rundfunk und Geschichte 23 (1997) Autoren der längeren Beiträge Dr. Jörg-Uwe Fischer, Deutsches Rundfunkarchiv Frankfurt am Main I Berlin , Historisches Archiv, Rudower Chaussee 3, 12487 Berlin Jeanpaul Goergen, Publizist, Großbeerenstraße 56 0 , 10965 Berlin Bettina Hasselbring, Bayerischer Rundfunk, Historisches Archiv, Rundfunkplatz 1, 80300 München Dr. Dietmar Schenk, Hochschule der Künste Berlin, Ernst-Reuter-Platz 10, 10587 Berlin Dr. Sabine Schiller-Lerg, Schürbusch 115, 48163 Münster Herwig Walitsch, Institut für Germanistik an der Universität Graz, Merangasse 78 , A-8010 Graz Herwig Walitsch Der freie Wettbewerb als Erfolgsgarantie? Versuch einer Mythenkritik am Beispiel der Geschichte der Fernsehtechnik* des freien Wettbewerbs zu sein . Insofern findet der freie Wettbewerb ausgezeichnete Bedingun­ Der Post-Kommunismus steht in seinem sieben­ gen für seine Selbstreproduktion vor. Die >Spie­ ten Jahr - und es scheint ein verflixtes zu sein. gei<-Redakteure Hans-Peter Martin und Harald Die wettbewerbsgemäß gefütterten Kühe drehen Schumann haben in ihrem erst kürzlich erschie­ durch, die Menschen, die ihr wettbewerbsbedingt nenen Buch »Die Globalisierungsfalle« die neue­ billiges Fleisch essen, auch. Nationale Traditi­ ren Tendenzen der internationalen Wirtschafts­ onsunternehmen, dem gesamteuropäischen entwicklung einer gründlichen und umfassenden Wettbewerb ausgesetzt, schließen reihenweise Kritik unterzogen. Sie sprechen vom Weg in die oder werden ins Ausland, das, wirtschaftlich ge­ »Ein-Fünftel-Gesellschaft«. Die österreichische sehen , längst keines mehr ist, verkauft. Gesamt­ Wirtschaftsjournalistin Lieselatte Palme hat die­ europäisch ziehen sich die Staaten ihren Bud­ sen Prozeß der erfolgreichen Selbstreproduktion getkonsolidierungsprogrammen entsprechend des freien Wettbewerbs vor einiger Zeit als aus dem wirtschaftlichen Wettbewerb zurück - »Killerkapitalismus« beschrieben und alle be­ prompt stagniert das Wachstum dieser wettbe­ kannten Argumente gegen diese Form des Wirt­ werbsorientierten Marktwirtschaft, die den Aus­ schattens - die auch Frau Palme zumindest öko• fall des Staates als Auftraggeber offensichtlich nomisch als »Erfolgsrezept« bezeichnet - zu­ nicht verkraftet Der Kostenfaktor menschliche sammengefaßt 1 Arbeitskraft gerät zu einem glasklar kalkulierba­ Es ist wohl in der Tat diese erfolgreiche ren Wettbewerbsnachteil, der konsequenterwei­ Selbstreproduktion des freien Wettbewerbs, die se systematisch reduziert wird , sei es über die am meisten zur Mythenbildung beigetragen hat. Senkung der Lohnnebenkosten - was immer Denn ein Mythos ist der freie Wettbewerb als Einnahmenverlust für den Staatshaushalt und Erfolgsrezept von jeher. Wir wollen hier nicht in damit die Verengung der sozialpolitischen Spiel­ die allgemeinen Warnungen vor dem uneinge­ räume bedeutet -. sei es durch das Ausweichen schränkten Kapitalismus einstimmen , wollen also auf billigere Arbeitsmärkte, was immer Arbeits­ nicht dort fortsetzen , wo Martin, Schumann und platzverlust im Lande bedeutet, sei es, wo dies Frau Palme aufgehört haben. Sondern wir wollen möglich ist, durch technische Automatisierung, das Prinzip des freien Wettbewerbs selbst dar­ was immer generellen Arbeitsplatzverlust bedeu­ aufhin befragen, ob es tatsächlich den Erfolg - tet Auf dem Mediensektor wird die europäische auch und gerade den ökonomischen Erfolg - ga­ Politik die wettbewerbsorientierten privaten Gei­ rantiert. Dazu werden wir uns zweier Fälle aus ster, die sie in den 80er Jahren enthusiastisch der Geschichte des Fernsehens, und zwar der gerufen hat, nicht mehr los und wünscht sie technischen Geschichte des Fernsehens bedie­ längst zum Teufel - freilich vergeblich, denn nen . längst ist sie von ihnen abhängig. Die Entwicklung des Fernsehens vor dem Die angelsächsische Wirtschaftspolitik der Zweiten Weltkrieg bildet eine wissenschaftsozio­ 80er Jahre hatte die weitestgehende Zurück• logische und damit auch wirtschaftliche Epo­ drängung jeglicher staatlicher Marktregulierung chenschwelle. Sie beginnt noch im Zeitalter der propagiert. Selbst die bloße Besteuerung einzel­ großen Einzelerfinderpersönlichkeiten am Ende ner Elemente des Wirtschaftsprozesses wurde des 19. Jahrhunderts, fast zeitgleich mit der und wird als Eingriff in das Marktprinzip begriffen Entwicklung des Films. Der Film wird noch in und bekämpft. Die Märkte sollten sich selbst dieser Epoche der großen Einzelerfinder vollen­ überlassen bleiben und sich selbst regulieren. det - von Größen wie Themas Alva Edison in Nach den Ereignissen von 1989 konnte sich
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