Culture and History; Vol. 1, No. 2; 2021 https://doi.org/10.30560/ch.v1n2p1 Democracy Vs Totalitarianism in the Political Philosophy Alexandru Arseni1 & Veronica Pozneacova1 1 Faculty of Law, Moldova State University, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova Correspondence: Veronica Pozneacova, Faculty of Law, Moldova State University, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova. Tel: 373-6764-8753. E-mail:
[email protected] Received: May 28, 2021; Accepted: July 9, 2021; Published: July 17, 2021 Nothing then is unchangeable but the inherent and inalienable rights of man. Thomas Jefferson Sad is the fate of the state in which the ruler would want to reign according to the prescriptions of Machiavelli Frederick the Great, King of Prussia (1712-1786) Abstract The entire political philosophy of humanity is focused on the antagonism between two political regimes, two basic ideas that explain, argue and legitimize the state power’s system, namely, the totalitarian and the democratic political regime. Since Antiquity, the brilliant minds of humanity contemplated about the sense of state power and the political regime of the state. Each epoch analyses this concept from different aspects and some of them are reflected in the actual political regime. We would pay attention to the conversation through the ages between the philosophers of Antiquity, Meddle Age, Modernity and Contemporaneity about the most important ideas of the totalitarian and the democratic political regimes. This article is a study dedicated to determining the specific of these political regimes in the background of the idea’s history. In this context, we have outlined the following objectives: to identify the specific aspects of totalitarianism in the Antiquity, Meddle Age and Contemporaneity, to analyze the concept of democratic political regime developed in the Modernity as philosophical support of The Great French Revolution; to examine the positive and the negative aspects of this doctrines; to determine the causes of the triumph of totalitarianism in the XXth century.