ACRE WESTERN GALILEE and the CRUSADERS SEMINAR Kiryat Shmona
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The Oberlin Near East Study Collection in Context Julian Hirsch
1 The Oberlin Near East Study Collection in Context *See page 4 for citation. Julian Hirsch 2 Acknowledgements In some ways the groundwork for my thesis and work on the ONESC Initiative began more than five years ago in a kitchen in Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania. I was meeting Dr. Elizabeth Bloch Smith for the first time and could scarcely have imagined that our meeting would lead to my participation in an archaeological excavation in Israel that summer. After my first excavation, I was hooked. The spring before I came to Oberlin was filled with weekly meetings, readings, and discussions with Liz. I learned so much in that time and appreciate her continued guidance and support. If Liz was responsible for exposing me to just how fascinating the archaeology of the southern Levant was, Dr. Jeffrey Blakely was the person who helped me find the path where I could follow my passion at Oberlin. I still have my notes from the first day of the January 2017 Winter Term. I was amazed by everything Jeff knew about the history of biblical archaeology at the college and the history of the collection. If anything inspired me throughout my work, it was hearing vivid stories from Jeff about sitting in Harry Thomas Frank’s classroom learning about archaeology. Jeff has truly been my partner at every step of the way. I’ve consulted him for advice numerous times. Jeff kindly provided invaluable suggestions that only a true veteran of the field could offer. To give credit to Jeff in two more areas, Jeff certainly inspired my interest in the history of biblical archaeology and during the Winter Term in 2017 assigned me to work on the Bab edh-Dhra’ collection of Early Bronze Age tomb pots. -
David Ben Gurion International Airport
Israel Map & Internet Scavenger Hunt Instructions: Read each question. In the “Answer” column, write the correct answer. Then, go to the web address and check your answer. If you don’t know the answer, go to the web address. Question Answer Answer is at: 1. Your El Al jetliner lands at Israel's major international airport. Click here What is its name? 2. Drive to Israel's capital and holiest city in the Judean Hills. Click here What is the name of this city? 3. Israel's capital is also known as the City of _______, for the Jewish gibor (hero) who God told to capture the city without Click here shedding any blood. What is the name of this gibor? 4. Pray at the holiest Jewish place and put a prayer in the crack. Click here What is this place called? 5. Light a memorial candle and say kaddish at Israel's memorial to the 6 million Jews who were killed during the Holocaust of Click here World War II. What is the name of the memorial? 6. Visit the mount (or hill) where the Tomb of David is located. Click here What is the name of this mount? 7. Drive past Israel's parliament building. What is its name? Click here 8. Stop and take a picture of Israel's emblem, which was a gift from the people of Great Britain and is located outside Israel's Click here Knesset. What is this emblem? 9. Visit one of Israel’s major universities located in Jerusalem. Click here What is its name? Israel Map and Internet Scavenger Hunt - Online Worksheet Page 1 of 3 09/08/16 Question Answer Answer is at: 10. -
Migration of Eretz Yisrael Arabs Between December 1, 1947 and June 1, 1948
[Intelligence Service (Arab Section)] June 30, 1948 Migration of Eretz Yisrael Arabs between December 1, 1947 and June 1, 1948 Contents 1. General introduction. 2. Basic figures on Arab migration 3. National phases of evacuation and migration 4. Causes of Arab migration 5. Arab migration trajectories and absorption issues Annexes 1. Regional reviews analyzing migration issues in each area [Missing from document] 2. Charts of villages evacuated by area, noting the causes for migration and migration trajectories for every village General introduction The purpose of this overview is to attempt to evaluate the intensity of the migration and its various development phases, elucidate the different factors that impacted population movement directly and assess the main migration trajectories. Of course, given the nature of statistical figures in Eretz Yisrael in general, which are, in themselves, deficient, it would be difficult to determine with certainty absolute numbers regarding the migration movement, but it appears that the figures provided herein, even if not certain, are close to the truth. Hence, a margin of error of ten to fifteen percent needs to be taken into account. The figures on the population in the area that lies outside the State of Israel are less accurate, and the margin of error is greater. This review summarizes the situation up until June 1st, 1948 (only in one case – the evacuation of Jenin, does it include a later occurrence). Basic figures on Arab population movement in Eretz Yisrael a. At the time of the UN declaration [resolution] regarding the division of Eretz Yisrael, the following figures applied within the borders of the Hebrew state: 1. -
Razvoj Bojevanja V Mestih V Obdobju Globalizacije
UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI FAKULTETA ZA DRUŽBENE VEDE Anže Križ Razvoj bojevanja v mestih v obdobju globalizacije Diplomsko delo Ljubljana, 2011 UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI FAKULTETA ZA DRUŽBENE VEDE Anže Križ Mentor: red. prof. dr. Anton Žabkar Razvoj bojevanja v mestih v obdobju globalizacije Diplomsko delo Ljubljana, 2011 RAZVOJ BOJEVANJA V MESTIH V OBDOBJU GLOBALIZACIJE V obdobju po koncu hladne vojne in na začetku globalizacije so se po svetu zgodile številne spremembe. Med drugim se je zelo povečalo svetovno prebivalstvo, hkrati pa so se eksponentno povečala mesta tako po velikosti kot tudi po številu prebivalcev. Pojavile so se tudi številne nove varnostne grožnje. Spremenili so se oboroženi konflikti in s tem tudi bojevanje v mestih. V diplomski nalogi so zato obravnavani trije različni primeri »bojevanja v mestih«, ki so se pojavili v obdobju globalizacije. Obravnavani primeri se med seboj popolnoma razlikujejo, saj gre v prvem primeru za klasičen oboroženi boj v mestih med vojaškimi enotami, v drugem gre za teroristični napad na glavne cilje v mestu, v tretjem pa gre za obstreljevanje mest, kjer sta obe strani, ki sta se spopadli, na mesta simetrično uporabljali globoke maščevalne udare. Z obravnavo teh primerov predstavljam metode, načine in oblike bojevanja ter opisujem poteke oboroženih bojev v mestih. Iz obravnave, prikazov in analize primerov vidimo, kako se je razvilo in spremenilo bojevanje v mestih v obdobju globalizacije. Ključne besede: bojevanje, oboroženi boj, bojevanje v mestih, globalizacija, mesto. THE EVOLUTION OF MILITARY COMBAT IN URBAN TERRAIN IN THE ERA OF GLOBALIZATION Numerous changes have happend in the world after the Cold War and particulary at the beginning of globalization. -
Our Journey… October 19, 2021, Tuesday: USA – Tel Aviv, Israel Depart Our Home City to Tel Aviv
Why this Pilgrimage to the Holy Land? But to go on a pilgrimage in the Holy Land means setting off and turning the physical journey into a “path of the soul”. Walking on this land with the heart, soul and mind for an encounter: of conversion, of devotion, of listening, with the Eucharist, and with Christ in brothers. John Paul II expressed this in very moving words: “How many memories and images and how much passion and great mystery surround the word Jerusalem! For us as Christians, it represents the geographical point of union between God and men, between eternity and history.” Our Journey… October 19, 2021, Tuesday: USA – Tel Aviv, Israel Depart our home city to Tel Aviv. (In-flight meals) October 20, Wednesday: Arrival to Holy Land and Nahsholim Seaside Resort Arrive in the Holy Land and transfer through the Plain of Sharon and the western coastal cities of Israel to the site of the ancient port city of Dor where the Nahsholim Seaside Resort is located at Kibbutz Nahsholim. After dinner and a brief information meeting, we retire to our cabins on the resort’s private Mediterranean beach. (Nahsholim Seaside Resort; D) October 21, Thursday: Nahsholim (Dor) – Nazareth After breakfast we travel south to Caesarea Maritina archaeological site. Caesarea, a historic seaport and home to the summer palace of Herod the Great built in 22 BC and later home to Pontius Pilate. We continue along the coastal plain to Haifa and up Mount Carmel to the Cave of Elijah below the Stelle Maris Monastery or the Monastery of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, a 19th-century Discalced Carmelite monastery. -
The Truth About the Struggle of the Palestinians in the 48 Regions
The truth about the struggle of the Palestinians in the 48 regions By: Wehbe Badarni – Arab Workers union – Nazareth Let's start from here. The image about the Palestinians in the 48 regions very distorted, as shown by the Israeli and Western media and, unfortunately, the .Palestinian Authority plays an important role in it. Palestinians who remained in the 48 regions after the establishment of the State of Israel, remained in the Galilee, the Triangle and the Negev in the south, there are the .majority of the Palestinian Bedouin who live in the Negev. the Palestinians in these areas became under Israeli military rule until 1966. During this period the Palestinian established national movements in the 48 regions, the most important of these movements was "ALARD" movement, which called for the establishment of a democratic secular state on the land of Palestine, the Israeli authorities imposed house arrest, imprisonment and deportation active on this national movement, especially in Nazareth town, and eventually was taken out of .the law for "security" reasons. It is true that the Palestinians in the 48 regions carried the Israeli citizenship or forced into it, but they saw themselves as an integral part of the Palestinian Arab people, are part and an integral part of the Palestinian national movement, hundreds of Palestinians youth in this region has been joined the Palestinian .resistance movements in Lebanon in the years of the sixties and seventies. it is not true that the Palestinians are "Jews and Israelis live within an oasis of democracy", and perhaps the coming years after the end of military rule in 1966 will prove that the Palestinians in these areas have paid their blood in order to preserve their Palestinian identity, in order to stay on their land . -
Tabor & Nichols Israel Tour
Tabor & Nichols Israel Tour See the Sites, Go Behind the Scenes Experience the Holy Land on a Level that Most Tours Miss March 1 – 12, 2019 Tour Highlights Prof. James D. Tabor and Biblical teacher Ross Nichols are teaming up again for an exclusive tour of the Holy Land the first week of March 2019. Even if you have traveled to Israel before, or specifically traveled with Tabor or Nichols, this is the tour for you. We will take you behind the scenes, exploring new archaeological and textual discoveries as they are related to the key Biblical sites we will visit. No tour can cover everything, but we will take you, quite literally, from “Dan to Beersheba” (1 Samuel 3:20). Anyone interested in biblical history and literature will find this tour refreshing and educational from beginning to end. We have no expectations regarding belief systems, politics, or faith orientations. All that is required to go on this tour is a strong orientation toward learning more about the Bible and its history and archaeology. The tour will transform the way you read and understand the Bible. Throughout the tour, we will share the stories that you know well from the texts, in the very places where the events actually took place. We are limiting the number of registrants to 40--one busload—because we want each person to have time to interact directly with Dr. Tabor and Ross Nichols. Tour Leaders – Dr. James D. Tabor and Ross K. Nichols Dr. James Tabor is professor of Christian origins and ancient Judaism in the Department of Religious Studies at the University North Carolina at Charlotte. -
Effects of Selenium on Growth Parameters of Tomato and Basil
HORTSCIENCE 51(8):1050–1056. 2016. Se has been recognized as an essential trace element for animals and humans (Oldfield, 2002). Adult humans have a daily requirement Effects of Selenium on Growth of 55 to 70 mg Se. Se-deficiency diseases have been recognized in some regions: Keshan Parameters of Tomato and Basil under disease, an endemic cardiomyopathy, and Kashin–Beck disease, a deforming arthritis, Fertigation Management were first identified in the Keshan region of China, where the soil is extremely low in Se Menahem Edelstein1 (Chen et al., 1980; Tan and Huang, 1991). Department of Vegetable Crops, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Agricultural Diet is the main source of Se for humans Research Organization, Ramat Yishay, Israel and animals. Therefore, increasing Se con- centrations in the tissues of edible crops by Daniel Berstein Se-fertilization strategies would improve Department of Vegetable Crops, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Agricultural the overall contribution of Se to human and animal diets (Carvalho et al., 2003). Research Organization, Ramat Yishay, Israel; and Department of Soil and Plants play a unique role in recycling and Water Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and delivering Se from the soil into the food Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel chain, even though Se has not been yet confirmed as an essential plant micronutrient. Moshe Shenker In Finland, for example, selenate has been Department of Soil and Water Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of added to fertilizers since 1984 to increase the Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel Se in soils (Alfthan et al., 2010; Wang et al., 1998), where the geochemical soil conditions Hasan Azaizeh are relatively uniform, two decades of sup- Institute of Applied Research (Affiliated with University of Haifa), the Galilee plementation of soils nationwide with fertil- Society, P.O. -
Three Conquests of Canaan
ÅA Wars in the Middle East are almost an every day part of Eero Junkkaala:of Three Canaan Conquests our lives, and undeniably the history of war in this area is very long indeed. This study examines three such wars, all of which were directed against the Land of Canaan. Two campaigns were conducted by Egyptian Pharaohs and one by the Israelites. The question considered being Eero Junkkaala whether or not these wars really took place. This study gives one methodological viewpoint to answer this ques- tion. The author studies the archaeology of all the geo- Three Conquests of Canaan graphical sites mentioned in the lists of Thutmosis III and A Comparative Study of Two Egyptian Military Campaigns and Shishak and compares them with the cities mentioned in Joshua 10-12 in the Light of Recent Archaeological Evidence the Conquest stories in the Book of Joshua. Altogether 116 sites were studied, and the com- parison between the texts and the archaeological results offered a possibility of establishing whether the cities mentioned, in the sources in question, were inhabited, and, furthermore, might have been destroyed during the time of the Pharaohs and the biblical settlement pe- riod. Despite the nature of the two written sources being so very different it was possible to make a comparative study. This study gives a fresh view on the fierce discus- sion concerning the emergence of the Israelites. It also challenges both Egyptological and biblical studies to use the written texts and the archaeological material togeth- er so that they are not so separated from each other, as is often the case. -
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ILLUSTRATIONS, FIGURES AND MAPS illustrations 1. Kneeling crusader with his horse behind him, from the Westminster Psalter, c. 1250. xxii © British Library Board. All Rights Reserved / Bridgeman Images. 2. Eichstätt model of the Edicule, twelfth century. Bildarchiv Monheim GmbH / xxiv Alamy Stock Photo. 3. Aerial view of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem. Photo © Zev Radovan / xxv Bridgeman Images. 4. Croix de chevalier from the First Crusade. Photo Josse / Scala, Florence. 4 5. Giving the cross, from J. Riley-Smith (ed.), The Oxford Illustraded History of 7 the Crusades (Oxford 1995). 6. Women at a siege, from Histoire ancienne jusqu’à César, late thirteenth century. 11 © The British Library Board (MS 15268, fol. 101v). 7. Stone carving of Roland (right) on the exterior of the royal palace at Navarre, 13 twelfth century. Granger / Bridgeman Images. 8. ‘The Rider on the white horse and his followers’, from Apocalypse (‘The Queen 16 Mary Apocalypse’), early fourteenth century. © The British Library Board (Royal 19 B. XV, fol. 37r). All rights reserved / Bridgeman Images. 9. Godfrey of Bouillon and his train setting out on horseback, from William of Tyre, 22 Histoire d’Outremer, 1232–61. © British Library Board. All Rights Reserved / Bridgeman Images. 10. Richard I jousts with Saladin during the crusade of 1191. Encaustic tiles from 29 Chertsey Abbey, c. 1250. Universal History Archive/UIG / Bridgeman Images. 11. The Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem. Lori Epstein / National Geographic 32 Image Collection / Bridgeman Images. 12. Ivory casket with figural and ornamental decoration including hunting scenes, southern 33 Italy or Sicily, eleventh–twelfth centuries. -
The Israel/Palestine Question
THE ISRAEL/PALESTINE QUESTION The Israel/Palestine Question assimilates diverse interpretations of the origins of the Middle East conflict with emphasis on the fight for Palestine and its religious and political roots. Drawing largely on scholarly debates in Israel during the last two decades, which have become known as ‘historical revisionism’, the collection presents the most recent developments in the historiography of the Arab-Israeli conflict and a critical reassessment of Israel’s past. The volume commences with an overview of Palestinian history and the origins of modern Palestine, and includes essays on the early Zionist settlement, Mandatory Palestine, the 1948 war, international influences on the conflict and the Intifada. Ilan Pappé is Professor at Haifa University, Israel. His previous books include Britain and the Arab-Israeli Conflict (1988), The Making of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 1947–51 (1994) and A History of Modern Palestine and Israel (forthcoming). Rewriting Histories focuses on historical themes where standard conclusions are facing a major challenge. Each book presents 8 to 10 papers (edited and annotated where necessary) at the forefront of current research and interpretation, offering students an accessible way to engage with contemporary debates. Series editor Jack R.Censer is Professor of History at George Mason University. REWRITING HISTORIES Series editor: Jack R.Censer Already published THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND WORK IN NINETEENTH-CENTURY EUROPE Edited by Lenard R.Berlanstein SOCIETY AND CULTURE IN THE -
Land Dispossession and Its Impact on Agriculture Sector and Food Sovereignty in Palestine: a New Perspective on Land Day
Land dispossession and its impact on agriculture sector and food sovereignty in Palestine: a new perspective on Land Day Inès Abdel Razek-Faoder and Muna Dajani On 30 March 1976, 37 years ago, in response to the Israeli government's announcement of a plan to expropriate thousands of dunams1 of land for "security and settlement purposes" on the lands of Galilee villages of Sakhnin and Arraba, Dair Hanna, Arab Alsawaed and other areas thousands of people took the street to protest, calling for a general strike as a peaceful mean to resisting colonization and government plans of judaization of the Galilee. Six Palestinians in Israel were killed. A month later the Koenig2 Memorandum was leaked to the press recommending, for “national interest”, “the possibility of diluting existing Arab population concentrations”. Land Day has been since then commemorated in all Palestine as a day of steadfastness and resistance. It became a symbol of the refusal of the Palestinians to leave their homeland, and to reject any form of ethnic cleansing and pressures for displacement. It is a day of attachment to freedom, on both sides of the Green Line and in all corners of the world. On this occasion, 37 years later, there is a necessity to highlight the consequences of this systematic illegal dispossession and control over the land and its natural resources on farming and agriculture. Farming has been fundamental in Palestinian identity and history, deeply rooted in the culture of land and of the struggle for freedom since the beginning of the 20th century. Predominantly an agricultural community, Palestine has been transformed from depending on its systems of self-sufficiency farming to the industrial chemical agriculture of today, all this under a brutal occupation depriving farmers of their land and water resources.