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World Health Organization .Organisation Mondiale De La Santé WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION A37 /INF.DOC. /4 .ORGANISATION MONDIALE DE LA SANTÉ 14 May 1984 THIRTY - SEVENTH WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY Agenda item 31 HEALTH CONDITIONS OF THE ARAB POPULATION IN THE OCCUPIED ARAB TERRITORIES, INCLUDING PALESTINE At the request of the Permanent Observer of the Palestine Liberation Organization at the United Nations Office at Geneva, the Director - General has the honour to submit the attached report1 to the Thirty- seventh World Health Assembly for its information. L2 LL 1 See Annex. A37/INF.DOC./4 page 2 PALESTINE LIBERATION ORGANIZATION (PLO) Office of the Permanent Observer to the United Nations Geneva, 3 May 1984 Dear Sir, We have the honour to enclose herewith the report on the health conditions in the territories occupied by Israel since 1967, established by the Palestinian Red Crescent Society. We, hereby, wish to request you to publish this report as an official document of the Thirty - seventh World Health Assembly, and to distribute it to the participants to the Assembly as such. Thanking you, Yours faithfully, (Signed) Nabil Ramlawi Permanent Observer for the PLO to the United Nations Dr H. Mahler, M.D. Director - General World Health Organization 1211 GENEVA 27 A37/INF.DOC. /4 page 3 ANNEX • THE PALESTINIAN RED CRESCENT SOCIETY HEALTH CONDITIONS OF THE ARAB POPULATION IN THE OCCUPIED ARAB TERRITORIES, INCLUDING PALESTINE Report submitted to the World Health Organization • 1984 А37 /INF.DOC. /4 page 4 Annex CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION 5 PART ONE. SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS 6 CHAPTER I.1. SEIZURE OF ARAB LANDS AND CONSTRUCTION OF SETTLEMENTS 8 1.2. ARAB HOUSING AND TOWN PLANNING 17 I.3. SETTLERS' PRACTICES AGAINST ARAB CITIZENS 18 CHAPTER II. SEIZURE OF ARAB WATER SOURCES 19 CHAPTER III. AGRICULTURAL CONDITIONS 21 CHAPTER IV. PRACTICES AGAINST THE WORKING CLASS IN THE OCCUPIED TERRITORIES 24 CHAPTER V. ISRAELI PRACTICES AGAINST EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 27 CHAPTER VI. ECONOMIC POLICY OF THE OCCUPATION AUTHORITIES 32 CHAPTER VII. VIOLATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE OCCUPIED TERRITORIES 35 PART TWO. HEALTH CONDITIONS 40 INTRODUCTION 40 COLLECTIVE POISONING IN THE OCCUPIED ARAB TERRITORIES: THE "MYSTERY EPIDEMIC" ... 40 CHAPTER I. HEALTH POLICY 43 Section I. Determination of health policy 44 Section II. Planning 44 Section III. Budget 45 Section IV. Administration of health services 46 CHAPTER II. ANALYSIS OF THE HEALTH SITUATION 46 Section I. The West Bank 47 Section II. Development of health institutions in the Gaza Strip 56 Section III. Comparison between the Israeli health structures and the health structures in the occupied Arab territories 57 CHAPTER III. HEALTH SERVICES ACTIVITIES 58 Section I. Curative services 58 Section II. Preventive services 59 CHAPTER IV. HEALTH MANPOWER 62 CHAPTER V. THE STRIKE OF PHYSICIANS AND PHARMACISTS IN THE GAZA STRIP 65 CHAPTER VI. THE ARAB PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES AND THE OCCUPATION AUTHORITIES . б6 CHAPTER VII. HEALTH INSURANCE 66 CHAPTER VIII. CHARITABLE AND PRIVATE HEALTH SERVICES 69 CHAPTER IX. UNRWA SERVICES 70 CHAPTER X. CONCLUSION 71 A37 /INF.DOC. /4 page 5 Annex INTRODUCTION "Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well -being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity." All countries of the world are endeavouring to improve the health conditions of their citizens and to attain the goal of health for all by the year 2000, a goal which can be achieved only through intensified efforts and full coordination between the health sector and other sectors which are concerned with socioeconomic development, including education, agriculture, water supply, protection of the environment, housing and construction, etc. A report of the Special Committee of Experts, А36/14, points out that in order to follow the development of health conditions in the occupied Arab territories, it is necessary to use the special indicators developed by WHO for monitoring progress towards health for all by the year 2000. Health problems must, therefore, be put in the general framework of socioeconomic conditions, because the two are inseparable from each other. Report А35/16 states that "There is an undeniable relationship between health and • socioeconomic development. For that reason, the Committee considered that it would be useful to study the socioeconomic situation of the occupied territories before examining the health situation ". Let us then examine the socioeconomic conditions of Arab citizens in the occupied territories. • А37 /INF.DOC. /4 page 6 Annex PART ONE SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS Reports of the Special Committee of Experts state: "The disorders of social origin which appear when the national liberty of a people is interfered with, whatever the cause, are bound to find psychological expression in the appearance of mental disturbance at both individual and community level" (document А33/21). "The Committee considers that social life in the occupied territories, when it does not proceed normally, has repercussions for health because of the changes in the physical environment which fundamentally modify the relationships between the natural and the man -made setting, on the one hand, and between the different sociocultural systems, on the other hand. These changes, which come from outside and which influence the economic and social development of the population in a direction which is not the direction this population would have wished to follow, may represent an additional stress acting on this same population, with repercussions for its health" (document А34/17). "A complete state of physical, mental and social well -being cannot be achieved when the population is obliged to live under the authority of the occupying power . The health problems of the occupied territories can be solved only to the extent that the political problem can be solved" (document А31/27). "The Committee must state plainly that it considers that the sociopolitical situation existing in the occupied territories is favourable neither to the improvement of the state of health of the population concerned nor to the full development of services adapted to the promotion of human welfare" (document А34/17). "The approach to health problems is seen to involve political action and the efforts to other development sectors. The way such action is usually interpreted necessarily entails tackling the socioeconomic problems in question and giving a new political impetus to health activities. That presupposes peace, justice, the equitable distribution of health care, liberty, and respect for dignity. The situation that prevails today in the occupied territories shows that not all the conditions have yet been met to achieve the promotion of the health of the local population in the sense defined above" (document А35/16). The policy pursued by the Israeli occupation authorities vis -à -vis the occupied Arab territories is by no means committed to the objective of solving the socioeconomic problems of these territories; on the contrary, this policy is oriented towards serving the Zionist military and expansionist objective of creating a Greater Israel at the expense of Arab land. In pursuance of this aim, the occupation authorities perpetrate all forms of arbitrary and inhuman acts in various aspects of social and economic life against the population of the occupied Arab territories, evidently in order to make life so difficult for them as to force them to emigrate from the land on which they have lived for thousands of years. The Israeli occupation authorities are actually involved in a race against time to change the demographic map of the occupied territories by building settlements surrounding Arab towns and villages. After the annexation of the city of Jerusalem in 1967 and the Golan in 1981, the Israeli occupation authorities are now trying to expand settlement inside Arab cities such as Hebron and Nablus. All this is coupled with arbitrary and terrorist practices such as killings, tortures, detentions, house arrests, curfews, suppression of freedoms, acts of collective poisoning, economic constraints, exorbitant taxes, demolition of houses, etc., as will be explained in detail further on. All these inhuman practices, which have been duly condemned by human rights committees and international organizations, aim at forcing Arab citizens out of their land in order to make room for settlers in their place. This naturally amounts to violating the demographic features of the occupied territories and reducing the Arabs to a minority which is submerged within a majority consisting of settlers. A37 /INF.DOC. /4 page 7 Annex Population structure in the Arab territories occupied in 1967 At the time of the occupation by Israel of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip in 1967 there were an estimated 1 300 000 Palestinian inhabitants living in these two territories and forming nearly one half of the total number of Palestinians in the world, which stood then at 2 650 000. In 1982 the number of Palestinians on the West Bank and in the Gaza Strip stood at 1 145 100, a figure hardly exceeding that of 1967, but now constituting 29% of the total number of Palestinians in the world. Given the Palestinians' high population growth rate (3.9%), one of the highest in the world, as noted in the Report of the Special Committee of Experts (document А36/14), the number of Palestinians should have grown to 2 -2.3 million, were it not for the circumstances of Israeli occupation, which is responsible for the forcible emigration of about one million Palestinians from their lands. The following table shows the
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