SEMR: India: Six Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section Of

Home , Chilakaluripet, Chilakaluripet mandal, Guntur, Kavuru, Ongole, Ongole mandal

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report

July 2012

IND: India Infrastructure Project Financing Facility II –Simhapuri Expressway Ltd.

Prepared by

India Infrastructure Finance Company Limited

This report has been submitted to ADB by the India Infrastructure Finance Company Limited (IIFCL) and is made publicly available in accordance with ADB’s public communications policy (2005). It does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB.

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

INDIA INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE COMPANY LTD.

Simhapuri Expressway Ltd. (SEL) 6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore section of National Highway No.5 from Km 1182.802 to Km. 1366.547 (Including 10.125 km long New Ongole bypass) in the State of Andhra Pradesh on DBFOT pattern

June, 2012

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION ...... 5 2. CONCESSIONAIRE: ...... 8 3. INDEPENDENT CONSULTANT: ...... 9 4. EPC CONTRACTORS:...... 9 5. LENDER’S ENGINEER: ...... 9 DUE DILIGENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARDS: ...... 10 6. AVAILABILITY OF EIA/EMP REPORTS: ...... 11 7. ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY AND DUE DILIGENCE: ...... 11 8. CATEGORIZATION OF SUB-PROJECT: ...... 13 9. STATUS OF REGULATORY CLEARANCES: ...... 13 10. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE: ...... 16 11. ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS: ...... 17 12. ENVIRONMENT AND SAFETY CLAUSES IN CONCESSION AGREEMENT: ...... 18 13. ENVIRONMENT AND SAFETY CLAUSES IN EPC CONTRACT: ...... 19 14. EMP IMPLEMENTATION BUDGET: ...... 20 15. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) IMPLEMENTATION: ...... 20 15.1. CONCESSIONAIRE AND EPC CONTRACTOR’S HSE PLAN: ...... 20 15.2. EMP COMPLIANCE STATUS:...... 21 15.3. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING: ...... 21 15.4. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR EMP IMPLEMENTATION: ...... 21 16. SITE VISIT OBSERVATIONS: ...... 24 17. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION: ...... 25 DUE DILIGENCE ON SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS ...... 27 18. SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS DUE DILIGENCE REPORT: ...... 28 18.1. METHODOLOGY ADOPTED FOR SOCIAL COMPLIANCE REVIEW: ...... 28 19. EFFORTS TO MINIMIZE SOCIAL IMPACTS: ...... 28 20. MAGNITUDE OF LAND ACQUISITION IN THE SUBPROJECT: ...... 28 21. RESETTLEMENT IMPACT IN THE SUB-PROJECT: ...... 31 22. INDIGENOUS PEOPLE AFFECTED DUE TO THE PROJECT: ...... 31 23. COMPENSATION AND ENTITLEMENTS: ...... 31 24. LOCAL EMPLOYMENT GENERATED: ...... 32 25. PUBLIC CONSULTATION/FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION: ...... 32 26. IMPACT ON COMMON PROPERTY RESOURCES (CPR): ...... 34 27. GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL MECHANISM: ...... 34 28. CSR ACTIVITY UNDERTAKEN: ...... 35 29. MONITORING AND EVALUATION THROUGH EXTERNAL AGENCY: ...... 35 30. SITE VISIT OBSERVATION: ...... 35 31. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION: ...... 36

APPENDICES: APPENDIX-I: EIA-EMP REPORT APPENDIX-II: RELEVANT CLEARANCES AND PERMITS APPENDIX-III: PUBLIC HEARING NOTICES APPENDIX-IV: COPY OF CONCESSION AGREEMENT APPENDIX-V: COPY OF EPC CONTRACT APPENDIX-VI: IMPLEMENTATBLE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR SIMHAPURI PROJECT 2

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

APPENDIX-VII: HSE POLICY FOR SIMHAPURI EXPRESSWAY PROJECT APPENDIX-VIII-APEX OHSE MANUAL FOR SIMHAPURI EXPRESSWAY PROJECT APPENDIX-IX: DETAILS OF SAFETY WEEK REPORT APPENDIX-X-EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN FOR SIMHAPURI EXPRESSWAY PROJECT APPENDIX-XI: MONTHLY COPY OF ACCIDENT INCIDENT REPORTS APPENDIX-XII-ORGANIZATION CHART OF CONCESSIONAIRE, PMC & EPC APPENDIX-XIII: SIA-RAP REPORT APPENDIX-XIV A: COPY OF THE LAND HANDOVER LETTER PROVIDED TO THE CONCESSIONAIRE BY NHAI APPENDIX-XIV B: COPY OF JOINT VERIFICATION OF LAND HANDED OVER TO CONCESSIONAIRE APPENDIX-XV: COPY OF LETTER ISSUES BY THE CONCESSIONAIRE REQUESTING A JOINT INSPECTION APPENDIX-XVI: LIST OF AFFECTED RELIGIOUS PROPERTIES APPENDIX-XVII: COPY OF THE ACTION TAKEN AGAINST THE PUBLIC GRIEVANCES

PHOTOPLATE:

PHOTOPLATE I: SITE VISIT PHOTOGRAPHS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD PHOTOPLATE II: SITE VISIT PHOTOGRAPHS FOR SOCIAL SAFEGUARD

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

Sub Project: 6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore section of National Highway No.5 from Km 1182.802 to Km. 1366.547 (Including 10.125 km long New Ongole bypass) in the State of Andhra Pradesh on DBFOT pattern

Due diligence Report on Environment and Social Safeguards

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

1. National Highway Authority of India has awarded the subproject to Simhapuri Expressway Ltd. (SEL), a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) company promoted by KMC Construction Ltd. (51%), BSCPL Infrastructure Ltd. (48%) and BIPL Infra Projects Ltd. (1%) for its road stretch project on NH5 which was selected to carry out for 6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore section of National Highway NH-5 from Km 1182+802 to Km. 1366+547 (Including 10.125 km long New Ongole bypass) in the State of Andhra Pradesh under NHDP phase V as BOT (Toll) project on DBFOT pattern.

2. The sub project includes widening and up-gradation of the section of NH-5 from Km 1182+802 (at Tatapudi village of Chilakaluripet Mandal in Guntur District) to Km 1366+547 (at Kovour villange of Kovur Mandal in SPSR Nellore District) from existing 4 lane to 6-lane configuration, covering a distance of 183.745 Km (old) and a new six lane Ongole bypass having a length of 10.125 Km. Its length along new ongole bypass is about 183.620km.The Chainage wise details of the project road is depicted in bellow Table-1. Table-1: Chainage details of the Project Road

Sl. Section Chainage Length No Type From To (Km) 1 Nellore-Kavali As Built Chainage 178+200 222+000 43.8 New Chainage 1366+547 1322+750 2 Kavali-Ongole As Built Chainage 222+000 291+000 72.0 New Chainage 1322+750 1250+691 3 Ongole- As Built Chainage 291+000 358+000 67.8 Chilakaluripet New Chainage 1250+691 1182.802 Total Length (Km) 183.6 3. The Project road starts from Km. 1182.802 near Chilakaluripet and ends at Km. 1366.547, near Nellore, covering a total length of 183.62 Km. The entire project road passes through three districts namely Guntur ( totaling to 1.08 Km), Prakasam (totaling to 124.02 Km) and Nellore (totaling to 58.65 Km) Districts in the state of Andhra Pradesh.The project stretch in general passes through plain terrain. The land use along the project road is predominantly dominated by agriculture land followed by Built-up, Industrial/Commercial, barren and Forest land. At few locations it crosses State Highways and other link roads to the nearby villages. The road section also crosses river Penna a subsidiary of river Krishna after Kavali bypass near Nellore. A total of 61 villages spread over three districts namely Guntur, Prakasam and Nellore are located on either side of the project road.

4. The existing Right of Way (ROW) varies from 40 m to 60 m in width in the stretch and has provision for expansion of 4 lanes to 6 lanes. The proposed RoW is 66m in rural and

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

open areas, 50m in urban areas and 80m in new Ongole bypass. The project highway location in the state of Andhra Pradesh is presented in the Figure-1

Figure-1: Project Highway Location from Km.1182.802 (Chilkaluripet) to Km 1366.547 (Kovour)

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

5. The proposed widening and strengthening work would mainly involve: ((i) widening of existing four lane road to six lane divided carriageways; (iii) Pavement strengthening and provision of drains, service roads, sidewalks, pedestrian crossing, underpasses, bus bays and truck lay byes, rest areas, toll plazas, street lighting, land scaping and tree plantation and other infrastructure like traffic aid posts, medical aid posts and vehicle rescue posts and telecom system etc.

6. The brief particulars of the subproject are as follows in Table-2:

Table-2: Salient features of the project road (Km.1182.802 (Chilkaluripet) to Km.1366.547 (Kovour)) Type Details Remarks

Concessionaire Simhapuri Expressway Ltd. (SEL) From Tatapudi village of Chilakaluripet Mandal in Guntur District (Km1182+802) to Kovur Village of Kovur Mandal in SPSR Nellore Location of Project District (Km1366+547) a section of NH-5 including proposed Ongole bypass from village Mukthinuthalapadu (km 1241+450) to village Pelluru (Km1251+700) of Ongole Mandal of NH-5 Length of the Guntur District = 1.079 Km project Prakasam District = 123.894 Km (includes Ongole Bypass 183.620 10.125km) Nellore District = 58.647

Administrative 3 Districts- Guntur, Praksam and Nellore Location Service Road Additional Service Road at 115 Locations Guntur District = Nil 84.66 Km on Prakasam District=74(27.446 Km) either side Nellore District= 41 (14.884Km) By pass Prakasam District- New Ongole bypass on 10.125km eastern side of Ongole town ROW 60m in rural areas and 50m in urban areas

12 Nos Major Bridges a) 1-New construction at Ch. 4+850 at - Ongole bypass b) 11-Rehabilitation/Repair/Widen 56 Nos Minor Bridges a) 2- New construction at Ongole bypass - including service roads b) 54- Rehabilitation/Repair/Widen 5Nos. ROB a) 2-New construction at Ongole Bypass ch. - 3+450 & 8+970 7

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

Type Details Remarks

b) 3- Rehabilitation/Repair/Widening at Ch. 1306+300 , Ch. 1342+300, Ch. 1366+600 (Railway Chainages) 4Nos a) Ch. 1218.000 (at Medarmetla) Grade Separated b) Ch. 1240.045 (at Trovagunta Chirala

Intersections crossing) c) Ch. 0+700 (Ongole bypass starting) d) Ch. 9+760 (Ongole bypass ending) Vehicular 24 Nos - Underpass a) 1-at Ongole bypass b) 23 Nos along the existing road and Pedestrian/ Cattle - Underpass 21

Rest Areas 06 LHS& RHS Bus- Byes and Bus 126 LHS/RHS Shelter

Culverts 173 - (i)Ch. 1200 (Bollapally) (ii)Ch. 1264 Toll Plaza 03 (Tangutur)

(iii)Ch. 1326 (Masnuru)

Source: Monthly Progress Report, December 2011

7. The debt component of the proposed project is being financed by a syndication of loan with lead Bank/Lenders Agent as State Bank of India. SEL has signed a Common Rupee Loan Agreement with a consortium of three banks, the consortium comprises of State Bank of India, IDFC and India Infrastructure Finance Company Limited (IIFCL). On 16th July 2010, IIFCL’s board has sanctioned a loan amount to Rs. 300 Cr. to SEL..

2. 8. National Highway Authority of India (NHIA) has appointed M/s. Simhapuri Expressway Limited (SEL) as the concessionaire for widening and up-gradation of the section of NH-5 from Km 1182+802 to Km 1366+547 for this sub-project. The Concession Agreement (CA) was signed on 15th July 2010 between NHAI and M/s. Simhapuri Express Limited.

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

3. 9. NHAI has appointed M/S Intercontinental Technocrats Pvt. Ltd. as the independent consultant for the project.

4. 10. M/s KMC Constructions Limited and M/s. BSCPL Infrastructures Limited has been assigned the Engineer Procurement and Construction part of the project.

5. 11. M/s Frishmann Prabhu (India) Pvt. Ltd. has been appointed as Lender’s Engineer for the project

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

12. National Highway Authority of India (NHAI) through its consultant M/s EGIS BCEOM International in association with EGIS India Consulting Engineers Pvt. Ltd. has prepared the Environmental Assessment and Environment Management Plan. A copy of the EIA/EMP report is given in Appendix-I.

13. The environmental sensitivity of the Chilakaluripet-Nellore section of NH-5 (starting from Tatapudi Village at km 1182+802 and ending at Kovour at km1366+547),from existing 4- lane to 6-lane configuration including a new 6-lane bypass at Ongole with a length of 10.125 km. covering a distance of 183.7 km, has been assessed by reviewing the Environmental Assessment and Management Plan, prepared for the project. The Chilakaluripet-Nellore road corridor is a part of Kolkata-Chennai leg of Golden Quadrilateral corridor. This section of NH-5 from Chilakaluripet to Nellore in the State of Andhra Pradesh is proposed to be taken up for six laning under NHDP Phase-V. The project is proposed to be implemented under Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode and executed as Design, Build, Finance and Operate (DBFO) contracts. The entire project is located in the state of Andhra Pradesh. The project stretch passes through three districts of Andhra Pradesh namely Guntur (Km 1182+802 to Km 1183+881), Prakasam (1183+881 to Km 1307+900) and Nellore (Km 1307+900 to Km 1366+547). The proposed new Ongole Bypass is located in Prakasam District and takes off from Km 1241+450 on NH-5 and terminates at Km 1251+700 on NH-5 after passing on the eastern side of the existing highway covering a total distance of 10.125 Km.

14. The sub-project was visited by the Environmental and Social safeguard specialists of IIFCL during 18th -20th of June, 2012 for field verification of Environmental safeguards as reported in the EIA/EMP reports and consultation with the concessionaire. The site visit photographs are given in Photoplate-I. The environmental sensitivity assessment is given below:

 Landuse along the project road is predominantly agricultural and barren. No major industry is located along the project road.

 The project road mainly passes through flat terrain with gently rolling having mean elevation varying between 10 m to 40 m. However some interspersed small hillocks can also be observed around the project stretch;

 The project road crosses rivers, nallas, local streams and canals. The major rivers which project crosses are Mudigundi, Musi, Paleru, Maneru and Pyderu. All these rivers and streams are rainfed;

 The area along the project corridor is dotted with a number of the ponds / tanks and reservoirs all along the project stretch which are mainly used for

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

irrigation purpose and some of the ponds and reservoirs are used for fishery. Some of the Ponds fall within the proposed ROW may need to be partially filled for road formation;

 There is no any National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Tiger Reserves, notified ecologically sensitive area, or any other significant area of ecological interest situated within 15 Km radius except for reserved forest areas hence no impact on such features anticipated due to the project;

 The baseline studies showed that there are no known rare, threatened or endangered flora and fauna species within the project area;

 The baseline study in EIA Report showed that at six locations, reserved forest patches are located along the project stretch. These Reserve Forests are falling in Prakasam District (Mocherla RF, Mocheral Chalamchatla RF, Chevuru RF) and in Nellore District( Rudrakota RF, Bitragunta RF, & Kothapalli RF). It has been proposed to accommodate the widening within the available ROW in the stretch where the Reserved Forests are located in order to avoid acquisition of reserved forest land into non-forestry purpose. As informed by project developer, if required, Retaining walls will be provided on either side to maintain required formation width for six laning. The forest department has done eucalyptus plantation in these forest patches. There is no natural habitat of wildlife in these forest areas. Hence no impact on these forest areas and wildlife is envisaged.

 As informed by project developer, 123204 nos. of tree cutting is involved as part of the project. Compensatory plantation and landscaping will be carried out in the ratio of 1:3 as per NHAI plantation strategy and in accordance with Guidelines on Landscaping and Tree Plantation specified under IRC:SP:21- 2009. The cost provision for felling, and plantation of new saplings has been made;

 There are no protected archaeological properties or monuments along the project road alignment;

 There are some cultural properties as well as other Government properties/facilities within the RoW that are likely to be affected due to widening and upgradation of project road which will be properly relocated;

 There will be 12 major bridges, 56 minor bridges, 5 ROBs, 173 Culverts, 24 no. of Vehicular underpasses, 21 no. of Pedestrian/cattle underpasses, 6 no. rest areas, 126 no. of Bus-bays and bus shelters, 4 no. of Grade Separated Interactions along the entire length of the project road. Out of which, some structures will be newly constructed and some structures will be rehabilitated/repaired/widened;

 Public consultations have been conducted during the environmental studies to disseminate the project information and to record the views/aspirations of 12

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

the local people along this NH section. Public Hearings were conducted in all the three concerned districts, i.e. Guntur, Prakasam and Nellore. The Public Hearing were conducted at the Office of Revenue Divisional Officer Kavali of Nellore District on 21st June, 2011, on 25th June, 2011 at Tahsildar Office, Ongole of Prakasam District and on 4th August, 2011 at Mandal Parishad Pradmika Paatasala, Tatapudi village, Chilakaluripet Mandal in Guntur District;

 Elaborate environmental management and monitoring programme has been suggested for this NH section;

 As per EC Letter, a cost provision of INR 14 Crores has been proposed for Environment protection works during construction and operation phase for this project.

15. The sub-project, being highway widening project, can be classified as category B based upon ADB’s EA requirements as per their Safeguard Policy Statement (2009). This classification is based on the review of the EA report and other available documents with respect to the environmental sensitivity due to project activities. 9.

16. It is required that the sub-project meets the requirements of appropriate Indian legislations by considering appropriate obligations and guidelines of Regulatory Authorities. The sub project should have necessary national and local environmental clearances as well as permits and approvals for project implementation and suitable environmental management plan has been applied. The statutory clearances required as part of the proposed widening and strengthening of NH-5 section between Chilakaluripet-Nellore was assessed and current status of availability of such clearances are given in Table 3.

Table 3: Status of Regulatory Clearances Obtained

Sl. Clearances Statutory Current Status of Clearance No. Required Authority 1 Environmental Ministry of MoEF has granted Environmental Clearance to Clearance Environment this project on 14th November, 2011, Letter no. F. and Forests, No. 10-58/2010-IA-III. New Delhi 2 Forest State Forest Not Applicable Clearance Dept. Pockets of Reserve Forests at 6 locations along the project corridor have been recorded. These and Reserve Forests are: Guntur District: Nil Ministry of Prakasam District: Mocherla RF, Mocheral 13

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

Environment Chalamchatla RF, Chevuru RF and Forests, Nellore District: Rudrakota RF, Bitragunta RF, & New Delhi Kothapalli RF As informed by Concessionaire, It is decided to construct 6-lanes within the existing ROW to avoid diversion of forest land into non- forestry purpose.

3 Tree felling State Forest Tree cutting permissions have also been obtained Permissions Department, from state Forest Department for entire stretch of for Roadside Govt. of Andhra Roadside trees along the project highway. Trees under Pradesh WALTA (1) Permission from DFO, Giddalur, Prakasam Act,2004 District, Order No.Rc.No.1140/2010/S4,dated 18- 03-2011,

(2) Permission from DFO, Nellore District, Order Rc.No.2008/2010-F13,dated 10-05-2011

4 Consent for Andhra Pradesh Consents has been received from Andhra Establishment State Pollution Pradesh State Pollution Control Board for Control Board, construction work of the highway under section 25 Zonal Office, of the water (prevention and control of pollution) Vijaywada Act, 1974, and under section 21 of Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 These consents are taken for establishment of plant sites at

Camp Site-I: Bodduvanipalem (V), Korisapadu (M), Prakasam District (Consent order no. P- 96/PCB/ZO-VJA/CFE/2011-2077, date of issue: 17-03-2011), (i) Different Sizes of stone chips & stone dust- 5000 TPD

Camp Site-I: Bodduvanipalem (V), Korisapadu (M), Prakasam District (Consent order no. P- 97/PCB/ZO-VJA/CFE/2011-2076, date of issue: 17-03-2011), (ii) Hot Mix Bitumen or Asphalt-1600 TPD (iii) Wet Mix Aggregate-1200 TPD (iv) Batching Aggregate-600 TPD

Camp Site-II: K. Bitragunta (V), Jarugumalli (M), Prakasam District (Consent order no. P- 98/PCB/ZO-VJA/CFE/2011-2078, date of issue: 17-03-2011), (i) Hot Mix Bitumen or Asphalt-1600 TPD (ii) Wet Mix Aggregate-1200 TPD (iii) Batching Aggregate-600 TPD

Camp Site-III: Kothapalli Kowrugunta (V), Dagadarthi (M), SPSR Nellore District (Consent order no. N-171/PCB/ZO-VJA/CFE/2011-2084, date of issue: 17-03-2011),

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

(i) Different Sizes of stone chips & stone dust- 1200 TPD (ii) Hot Mix Aggregate-800 TPD (iii) Wet Mix Aggregate-1000 TPD (iv) Batching Aggregate-150 TPD

5 Consent for Andhra Pradesh Consents for Operation has been received from Operation State Pollution Andhra Pradesh State Pollution Control Board for Control Board, construction work of the highway under section 25 Zonal Office, of the water (prevention and control of pollution) Vijaywada Act, 1974, and under section 21 of Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 These consents are taken for establishment of plant sites at

Camp Site-I: Bodduvanipalem (V), Korisapadu (M), Prakasam District (Consent order no. P- 80/PCB/ZO-VJA/CFO/W&A/2011-2667, date of issue: 24-03-2012), (i) Different Sizes of stone chips & stone dust- 5000 TPD

Camp Site-I: Bodduvanipalem (V), Korisapadu (M), Prakasam District (Consent order no. P- 82/PCB/ZO-VJA/CFO/W&A/2012-2659, date of issue: 24-03-2012), (v) Hot Mix Bitumen or Asphalt-1600 TPD (vi) Wet Mix Aggregate-1200 TPD (vii) Batching Aggregate-600 TPD

Camp Site-II: K. Bitragunta (V), Jarugumalli (M), Prakasam District (Consent order no. P- 81/PCB/ZO-VJA/CFO/W&A/2012-2660, date of issue: 24-03-2012), (iv) Hot Mix Bitumen or Asphalt-1600 TPD (v) Wet Mix Aggregate-1200 TPD (vi) Batching Aggregate-600 TPD

6 Quarry Dept. of Mines & Quarry Permits/Licenses have been obtained for Approval Geology, Govt. carrying out road metal Quarrying from Dept. of of Andhra Mines & Geology, Govt. of Andhra Pradesh. Pradesh (1) Permission proceedings. No. 9315/Ql2010,dated16-05-2011 for the location of Bodduvanipalem (v), Korisapadu (M), Prakasam District (2) Permission proceedings. No. 2635/Ql2011,dated 09-05-2011 for the location of Velupodu (v), Dagadarthi (M), S.P.S.R. Nellore District

7 Borrow Area Village No Objection Certificate from Village Panchayat Permissions Panchayat and and Consent from Private Land Owners has been Land Owners taken for Borrow Areas used for the project.

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

Sample Copy of consent and list of Borrow Areas has been attached. 8 Grant of Joint Chief No Objection Certificate has been received vide Explosive Controller of permission no. D.Dis.C5/107/2011, dated: 07-04- License for Explosives, 2011 from Joint Chief Controller of Explosive’s possession of Egmore, Office, Egmore, Chennai for possessing and use Explosives Chennai of Explosives in Mining lease site under and Explosives Act and Rules, 2008. use of explosives in Quarrying Operations 9 Factory Factories Plant site plans have been approved by Director Inspector’s Department, of Factories and necessary measures have been Permission for Govt. of Andhra suggested to undertake at plant sites under the setting up Pradesh, requirement of Factories Act, 1948.License to Construction Hyderabad work as a Factory has been obtained for plant site Plants in Nellore District vide Permission Letter No. D.Dis/DI/NLR/1080/11,dated 15-03-2011 from Inspector of Factories.

10 Labour Office of The establishment has been registered under the License Assistant provisions of the Building & other Construction Labour Workers( Regulation of Employment Conditions of Commissioner Services Act,1996 and rules made there under (Central),Hydera vide Permission No. 57/90/2011-ALC-VJA, dated: bad , Andhra 24.6.2011 Pradesh labour license has been obtained for the project under the Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970 vide Permission No. 46/119/2011-ALC-VJA, dated : 24.6.2011

17. Copies of all relevant clearance, approvals and permits are given in Appendix-II.

10.

18. Public participation and community consultation has been taken up as an integral part of social and environmental assessment process of the project. The discussions process established for the project has employed a range of formal and informal consultative tools including in depth interviews with key informants, on-site consultation and meetings. The consultations were carried out at 15 places with an objective to create awareness about the project among the people and district administration and to understand the public perception and different environmental and social issues within the project stretch. Village level consultations were held at Marturu, Gollapalli, Maddipadu, Maddurupadu and Gauravaram apart from local level consultation in 15 places all along the project stretch.

19. The main points of discussion were concentrated on environmental awareness, afforestation, health, safety, shifting of structures, etc. Majority of the population are in favour of the project. 16

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

However, the major concern expressed by them were safety associated with the operation of the existing four lane project, acquisition of properties and issue of compensation, protection of water bodies located in close vicinity of the project road, protection of trees and plants which are beyond the formation width, but very close to the project road, protection of cultural properties. Most of the people in the settlement area demanded provision for pedestrian/ cattle crossings as well as underpasses for movement of local traffic including tractors, trolleys carrying agriculture produces. They are also of the opinion to involve local labours in construction.

20. Formal Public Hearings as part of Environment Clearance Process were conducted at the Office of Revenue Divisional Officer Kavali of Nellore District on 21st, June, 2011, on 25th June 2011 at Tahsildar Office, Ongole of Prakasam District and on 4th August, 2011 at Mandal Parihad Pradmik Patasal, Tatapudi village, Chilakaluripet Mandal in Guntur District. Copies of newspaper advertisements and minutes of public hearing proceedings are attached as Appendix-III.

21. The Public Hearings has been conducted in all the three concerned districts, i.e. Guntur, Prakasam and Nellore with state pollution control board and the Minutes of the Public Hearing Proceedings and response of NHAI is enclosed as APPENDIX-I of EIA report. As reported in EIA report, the issues raised by public have been addressed appropriately in Environmental Management Plan.

11.

22. Since the alignment is to follow the existing 4 lane highway; hence there is no other alternative design. Therefore the analysis of alternative has been carried out ‘with project’ and ‘without project’ scenarios for the only one possible alternative i.e. to follow the existing alignment only. As reported in EIA report,407.78 Ha hectares of additional land is required to accommodate 6 lane configuration, service lane, bus bays, truck lay byes, toll plaza, rest areas, entry & exit points etc. and new Ongole bypass. Keeping in view, the site conditions and the scope of development of the area, the ‘With’ and ‘Without’ project scenarios has been compared for the lone existing alignment. The alternative assessment is summarized here:

23. “Without Project Scenario”: The capacity of the present highway is insufficient for handling increasing volume of traffic over time. It will impact on traffic movements resulting in lowered traffic speed and increase in accidents due to less traffic safety. Although in “no project scenario”, there won’t be any land acquisition, and no cutting of trees but the population growth, increase in traffic volumes and the economic development along the corridor would continue to occur and will exacerbate the already critical situation. The existing unsafe conditions and the adverse environmental consequences, in terms of environmental quality along the highway, would further deteriorate in the absence of the proposed improvements. Therefore, the no- action alternative is neither reasonable nor prudent, as it would amount to failure to initiate any further improvements and impede economic development.

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

24. “With Project Scenario”: This option will improve the capacity of the highway of traffic movement for future and no congestion envisaged. Traffic speed will increase at a uniform rate and no future bottlenecks are envisaged. Traffic safety will improve substantially due to widened road, median and proper design of intersections etc. Due to new design, drainage condition will improve along entire stretch. Improved facilities e.g., parking, service road etc. will be provided in all sections. Although there will be acquirement of new land, removal of trees & vegetation due to widening, increase in dust pollution & vehicular emission, partial filling of Ponds/Water Tanks falling within proposed RoW which may have some environmental impacts. But the road widening option will improve quality of life of the local people, better access to healthcare and other social services, flourish in trade and commerce, better way side amenities and increase in ground water recharge due to proposed rainwater harvesting structure etc.

25. An analysis of “With” and “Without” Project scenario reveals that the positive impacts outnumbered the negative impacts due to the proposed development. The negative impacts are envisaged only during the construction period which will be temporary in nature and of short duration. Further, mitigation measures will be adopted to limit the impacts during the construction phase. The proposed expansion will aid in infrastructure development and will act as a catalyst to boost the economic progress. As reported in EIA report, It was revealed during discussions with various stakeholders that safety is a major concern along the existing highway section. The safety aspect will be enhanced considerably with the provision of service lanes, pedestrian crossings, street lights, additional systematically designed bust stands, rest areas, bus bays and truck lay byes, service roads which are the significant part of the project. That will ensure smooth traffic, it is envisaged that commercial establishments will revive their business and this will in turn boost the economic development.

12.

26. As per article 5 under obligations of Concessionaire in concession agreement, the concessionaire shall comply with all applicable laws and applicable permits (including renewals as required) in the performance of its obligations under this agreement. It is also mentioned that Concessionaire shall ensure and procure that its contractors comply with all applicable permits and applicable laws in the performance by them of any of the Concessionaire’s obligations under this agreement. Concession agreement for this project is attached as Appendix-IV. Safety requirements are given under Article 18 in which it is specified that the Concessionaire shall comply with the provisions of applicable laws and applicable permits and conform to good industry practices for securing the safety of the users. In particular, the Concessionaire shall develop, implement and administer a surveillance and safety programme for providing a safe environment on or about the project highway, and shall comply with the safety requirements set forth in Schedule-L.

27. Compliance with applicable permits has also been specified in Schedule -E of Concession agreement. As per the schedule- L of CA safety requirements apply to all phases of construction, maintenance with emphasis on identification of factors associated with accidents, 18

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

consideration of the same, and implementation of appropriate remedial measures. The concessionaire shall abide with applicable laws and applicable permits, manual for safety in road design, issued by MORTH, relevant standards/guidelines of IRC relating to safety In accordance with the provisions of CA and good industry practices relating to safety of users. NHAI shall appoint an experienced and qualified firm or organization as a safety consultant for the project for carrying out safety audit of the project highway in accordance with the safety requirements.

13.

28. Simhapuri Expressways Limited (SEL) has awarded the EPC works for this project to two contractors. M/s. BSCPL Infrastructure Limited has been awarded the construction job of section from Km 1182.802 to Km 1266.00 and M/s. KMC Constructions Limited has been awarded the construction works from Km 1266 to Km 1366.547. As per Lenders Engineer’s report for December month, physical progress of 10.65 % has been shown to be achieved for this project upto the period of October, 2011 which concessionaire has done with his own resources.

29. EPC Contract for this project has been attached as Appendix-V. Both the contract copies are similar in terms of clauses mentioned for environmental management & safety. As per both the contract copies under clause 2.2, under heading of Permits, Licenses or Approvals, the Employer shall provide reasonable assistance to the contractor at the request of the contractor in obtaining any permits, licenses or approvals required by the laws of the Country which the Contractor is required to obtain. Under Clause 4.8 for safety procedures, contractor will undertake traffic management during the Construction period including but not limited to barricading, signages, lighting and any other safety precautions and measures as per the Employer’s requirements.

30. As per Clause 4.18 for Protection of the Environment, the Contractor shall develop an Environmental Management Plan with the objectives that the works shall endeavor to cause minimum impact of the environment; the Contractor shall, in all operations, economize on natural resources and energy; the works shall be carried out considering the importance of human health and safety; all legal requirements and regulations related to the environment shall be complied with; the contractor shall train, inform and stimulate its staff towards involvement, participation and responsibility in environmental matters; the contractor shall make sure that high environmental standards are implemented by subcontractors, business partners and suppliers; the measures for the protection of the environment will be part of the project quality management plan. Under Clause 4.23 for Contractor’s Operations on Site, its mentioned that Contractor shall at all times be responsible for ensuring safe operation of the project highway. The Contractor shall also maintain, during the construction period and defects notification period in conformity with Good Industry practices, all stretches of approach roads, over-passes, under-passes or other structures situated on the site but not forming part of the carriageway.

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

14.

31. As part of the project, detailed EMP measures have been undertaken including a budget of 14 Crores (as given in EC Letter) during construction stage (3 years) and operation phase (5 years) for implementing the same. The EMP budget exclusively includes the following measures:  Compensatory Afforestation and Landscaping/Plantation in the median/ Greenbelt development during Construction & Operation Phase;  Relocation of water resources;  Provision of rainwater harvesting structures;  Environmental Protection Measures in the construction sites;  Environmental Training;  Corporate Social Responsibility;  Enhancement of cultural features;  Environmental Quality Monitoring during construction and operation Phase;

15.

32. The environmental management plan as appeared in EIA report is given in Appendix-I, which describes the proposed mitigation measures that would be adopted during the construction and operation stages of the project. Detailed and implementable Environment Management Plan of Concessionaire has been attached as Appendix-VI.

15.1. CONCESSIONAIRE AND EPC CONTRACTOR’S HSE PLAN:

33. The Occupational Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) Manual has been developed for managing the HSE issues at construction sites for Simhapuri Expressway project. The purpose of the OHSE Manual is to provide guidelines to the Concessionaire, EPC Contractor (the Sub- Contractors) and Engineer/PMC team that all are responsible for performing work and supervise the Contract in conformance with all environmental, health and safety rules and regulations of Andhra Pradesh State Govt. and Govt. of India. This document works as a guidance manual for implementing good industry practices w.r.t. environmental management, worker safety and accident/hazard prevention at work site. The concessionaire is committed to comply with good practices related with environment & safety during development of its projects and has adopted Health, Safety and Environment Policy which is attached as Appendix- VII.OHSE Manual prepared for the project has been attached as Appendix-VIII. As reported by concessionaire, Regular Traffic awareness programs are being conducted along the highway. Some Details for recent safety awareness activities are enclosed in Appendix-IX.

34. Under Emergency Response Plan, Emergency Response Protocol describes categorization of different emergency events and decision making responsibilities during each event. Rescue and medical aid services are described which includes provisioning of different emergency services like ambulance services, fire tender services, emergency equipment facilities etc. The emergency procedures are given which shows the involvement of different parties/ agencies 20

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

and decision levels. Emergency Response Plan prepared for Simhapuri project has been attached as Appendix-X.

35. Accident monitoring system is in place to assess the rate of accidents in project road section and to take the preventive measures. This monitoring is essential to judge the effectiveness of traffic safety measures implemented during construction. Monthly reporting system is developed which gives details of chainage wise accident location, nature of accident, severity of accident and no. of affected persons. Sample copy for Monthly accident/incident summary data has been attached as Appendix-XI.

15.2. EMP COMPLIANCE STATUS: 36. As per Lender’s Independent Engineer Monthly Progress Report of December 2011, its reported that the Concessionaire is complying with the environmental laws in terms of the EMP manual document finalized by M/s. Feedback Infrastructure Services Pvt. Ltd. and the same has been implemented for the project. Concessionaire has been advised to continuously monitor the renewal of licenses and clearances. Lender’s Engineer has also reported that the project is viable with minimum risk and most of the required permits and clearances have already been obtained. The work has already been started at number of locations and making good progress. Safety Plan has been submitted to the Independent Engineer and a separate team has been deployed by the concessionaire to monitor the safety aspects of the project.

15.3. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING: 37. Monitoring of environmental quality during construction and during operation reflects the success of implementation of the mitigation measures and it also provides a chance to review the suggested measure and improve upon the measures. The environmental monitoring is primarily the responsibility of the EPC contractor. The environmental monitoring plan proposed for this project as given in EIA report,Chapter-9 for EMP, covers various environmental monitoring parameters, monitoring frequency and cost involved for carrying it out during preconstruction , construction (3 years) and operation stages (5 years) of the project. The job of environmental monitoring for Simhapuri Expressway project has been outsourced to an Environmental Laboratory namely M/s. Vision Labs based at Hyderabad. The field reports of various environmental components will be received at quarterly basis. IIFCL has requested to provide the latest copy of Environmental Monitoring report.

15.4. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR EMP IMPLEMENTATION: 38. The project institutional framework as given in the project EMP indicates that the overall implementation responsibility of the EMP lies with the Project Implementation Unit (PIU); Project Director at PIU is supported by the Environment Officer of NHAI. As per concession agreement, NHAI shall appoint the safety consultant for carrying out safety audit of the project highway in accordance with the safety requirement and shall take all other actions necessary for securing compliance with safety requirements. The Independent Engineer (IE) shall assist the NHAI with the implementation of Project. Environmental Expert of the IE shall be the key personnel to ensure the successful implementation of EMP provisions. The position is leveraged to ensure 21

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

that the Contractor complies with the various EMP requirements. The Project will require continuous environmental supervision from the IE‟s side.

39. The General Manager of Concessionaire with the assistance of Project Manager of Contractor and supporting Environmental / Safety Engineer shall be responsible for ensuring compliance of safeguard measures through Contractors under the supervision of concessionaire and will be reporting to the regulatory bodies and competent authority for certifying that relevant environmental safeguard measures have been complied with during project implementation. Concessionaire shall coordinate with Contractors for complying the requirements of various environmental safeguard measures through supervision, monitoring and reporting on the same. The General Manager, Project Manager of concessionaire, Environmental / Safety Engineers of Contractor and their Field Representatives shall be responsible for discharging the duties of Supervising EMP compliance. The PMC/Engineer shall monitor the implementation of the work on behalf of Concessionaire of the Project. The Contractor will be responsible for planning all Environmental Management Plan (EMP) activities. The institutional arrangement made for the project implementation is given in Figure 2. HSE Organogram for SPV,PMC and EPC Contractor has been attached as Appendix-XII.

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

Figure 2: Overall Implementation Framework for EMP Implementation

Project Director MoEF, (Project Implementation Regional Office General/Chief Project Manager Unit, NHAI) (Concessionaire)

Project Manager

Team Leader (Contractor)

(Independent Engineer / State Pollution Consultant) Control Board

Environmental Environmental Officer Officer (Concessionaire/PMC) (SHAI)

Environmental Expert Environmental Officer (Independent Engineer / Consultant) (Contractor)

Direct Indirect

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

16.

40. A site visit was undertaken by IIFCL’s Environmental and Social Safeguard specialists during 18th -20th of June, 2012 to review the implementation of the project environmental safeguards. During the site visit it has been observed that:

 Regular water sprinkling is being done in high dust generation areas like road construction sites and crushing operation areas.  As the construction work is in early stage so Rain Water Harvesting construction work has not been started till date.  Nearly Half of the tree cutting has been completed on road side and tree stumps were seen falling alongside the road.  Reserve forest area present at some of the project sections alongside the road has not been diverted as the sufficient land is available for widening the project road. Retaining walls will be constructed in forest sections, if required as informed by the developer during the site visit.  Topsoil stockpiling has also been practiced during soil excavation activities for this project.  Due to early stage of construction, Avenue plantation work has not been started. As informed by developer, tree plantation plan is under finalization stage.  Proper traffic diversions and appropriate signages are being provided at the site to prevent any disruption to the highway traffic.  Workers are being provided with the required safety gears to be worn during execution of work.  At construction plant sites for dust pollution control, crushers have been provided with wind screens and water sprinkler at the start of crushing operation in crusher equipment and Hot Mix Plants have been provided with Bag House filter.  For recycling bituminous aggregate material generated from old road demolishing in new road construction, HMP facility has been installed at Camp Site-I which is being used for recycling bitumen and aggregate from waste material. As informed by EPC Contractor, this type of facility has been established first time in India.  Necessary barricading and safety precautions for deep excavations are also being ensured. Work safety signages have been provided throughout the project highway.  The Labour camps are provided with adequate drinking water, canteen and sanitation facilities. Provision of sanitation facility and septic tanks have been made.  Emergency patrolling vehicle has been provided and tie up has been done with local hospital for emergency ambulance facility.  Efforts have been taken for protecting ponds/water tanks falling alongside the project road during widening by realigning the road at these locations. At one location of Ch. 1260 KM, Pond named Punta at Nayadupalam will be filled in road widening which will be constructed again at nearby another place for villagers. 24

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

 On the demand of local people at Valluru- Ch. 1256 km, Vehicular Underpass will be provided in front of temple falling on the road which was not under earlier scope of work given by NHAI.  As reported by concessionaire, Regular Traffic awareness programs are being conducted along the highway. 23rd Road Safety week was celebrated during Jan. 1 to Jan. 7 ,2012 and pamphlets were distributed consisting of safety aspects both in English and Telugu throughout the stretch. Some Details for safety awareness activities are enclosed in Appendix-IX.

41. The site visit photographs are given for some of the environmental safeguard measures and progress of construction work details are given in Photoplate-I.

17.

42. Based upon the available documents, the conclusions for the sub-project are given below:

 The sub-project has been prepared by NHAI as per its own funding requirement and not in anticipation to ADB operation.

 The sub-project has obtained necessary national and local level environmental clearance as well as permits and approvals for project implementation as given in Appendix-II.

 Concessionaire has confirmed that pending statutory environmental clearances /approvals /consents are obtained and renewed, as per applicability;

 The sub-project does not affect any eco-sensitive zones as declared by MoEF. Also the project does not pass through any national park or wild life sanctuary area. No historical or cultural monuments are affected due to this road project.

 The Reserve Forest Stretches falling alongside the road has not been diverted and road will be widened within the available RoW. If required, Retaining walls will be constructed in forest sections as informed by the developer during the site visit.

 Concessionaire has confirmed that continued compliance is being carried out w.r.t. the terms and conditions stipulated for according statutory environmental clearances /approvals /consents by the facility owner and the civil works contractors;

 The sub project may also have a positive GHG emission reduction due to less fuel consumption for the same traffic density.

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

 The institutional arrangement available for the implementation of EMP appears to be adequate as there is a sufficient number of staff available for implementing and monitoring the EMP implementation.

 Based on the due diligence findings, it can be deduced that the sub-project has no significant environmental safeguard issues.

 The Sub-project, therefore does not appear to involve reputational risk to Asian Development Bank funding on environmental safeguards and recommended for funding under the proposed project.

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

18.

18.1. METHODOLOGY ADOPTED FOR SOCIAL COMPLIANCE REVIEW: 43. The due diligence study for the subproject was initiated by IIFCL after the review of Social Impact Assessment & Resettlement Action Plan (RAP), Lenders’ Engineers (LE) Report, Environmental Clearance received for the sub-project, compliance report of additional TOR requirements as per the proceeding of Environmental Committee and the information received from the Concessionaire regarding the land requirement for the project and the local labour employment details. A copy of RAP report is given in Appendix-VIII. Following documents were referred for the Social Safeguard Compliance review:

 Social Impact Assessment & Resettlement Action Plan (RAP);  Environment Impact Assessment Report (EIA);  Environment Management Plan (EMP);  Monthly Progress Report (MPR), December 2011;  Environment Clearance Certificate 19. 44. Efforts have been made during the planning stage to minimize the negative social impact of the sub-project. To avoid any impact on built up area, provision for underpass and bypasses have been made during the project planning stage. In this regard, Ongole bypass of a total length of 10.250 km, from village Mukthinuthalapadu (km 1241+450) to village Pelluru (Km1251+700) of Ongole Mandal of NH-5, has been proposed to minimize the social impact.

20. 45. As mentioned in RAP, the sub-project requires 270.98 Ha. of additional land (186.02 Ha for main alignment and 84.96 Ha for Ongole bypass) which includes land for widening and improvement of the existing 4-lane to 6-lane road, new underpasses, bypass at Ongole, flyovers, etc. The detail of the district wise land requirement across the project road sections is given in the Table-4 below.

Table 4- The details of district wise Land requirements

Sl. No District Area Required (Ha) Area by Ownership (Ha) Private Government

A. Main Alignment 1 Guntur 0.5619 0.3722 0.1897 2 Prakasam 112.1955 86.3884 25.8071 3 Nellore 73.2645 43.2864 29.9811 Sub Total 186.0219 130.047 55.9779 B. Ongole Bypass 4 Prakasam 151.4380 54.5204 30.437 28

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

Grand Total 270.98 184.5674 86.4149 Source: SIA & RAP Report

46. A total of 61villages of three districts namely Guntur, Prakasam and Nellore is being impacted due to the sub-project. The land acquisition status is given in table-5 below, which shows that 3D notification has been published in all the villages but 3G publication and award is under progress. The district wise land acquisition status is given in the below Table 5.

Table 5- District wise Land Acquisition Status

3D Notification 3G Publication Award No. of No of To be To be To be District Village Published Published Passed Published Published Passed Guntur 2 2 0 2 0 2 0

Prakas 0 5 27 11 43 43 38 am

SPSR 0 0 15 1 16 16 16 Nellore

Total 61 61 0 56 5 42 12

Source: Information received from the Developer

47. During the site visit, it was informed by the concessionaire that they are in total possession of 82.69% of required land (Appendix-XIV A). About 18.31% of the remaining land has also been handed over to them by NHAI but the acceptance of the same is pending due to a joint verification as requested by the Concessionaire. The Concessionaire has requested NHAI to authorize a representative for joint inspection and to validate the site details as per requirement. The copy of the land handover letter provided to the Concessionaire by NHAI and the letter issues by the Concessionaire requesting a joint inspection is attached as Appendix XIV B and Appendix XV respectively.

48. As informed by the concessionaire, there are four pending litigation cases related to land acquisition and compensation. All the cases are being dealt by the Competent Authority. The detail of the pending litigation cases is given in the following table .

Table 6- Status of pending litigation cases related to land acquisition and compensation

Sl. Location Village Case Status No. 1. 1225.000 Thimmanapalem An extent of 50 cents The case is acquired at the time of 2- pending before lane to 4-laning. the DC for 29

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

Compensation has been hearing. received by the awardee as per the original award. But later the awardee filed an appeal before the Arbitrator/ District Collector, Ongole, for enhancement of the compensation. 2. 1285.250 Karedu Survey number 372/1A has The case is been acquired to an extent currently of 18 cents. But pending in compensation could not be additional paid due to pending family District Judge dispute. court. 3. 1356.300 Bodduvaripalem Survey Number 219/1A has The Honorable to be acquired to an extent High Court has of 50 cents. Notification has issued Order been issued. Rice Mill is withdrawing existing in the said Survey the said Survey Number and the High Court Number from and obtained Stay-Order for 3A notification not dismantling the Rice and directed Mill. the competent Authority to verify the connected records about the classification of land and take further necessary action. 4. 1208.600 Renangivaram For the land with survey The case is number 7/5A, 7/6A1, 2, currently 7/6A2A2, compensation pending and has been withheld as a the case is pending in the compensation Principle Junior Civil Judge amount is Court –Addanki covered by going to be OS number 292/07 and IA deposited in Number:3006/08 the court. Source: Information received from the Developer

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

21. 49. As mentioned in RAP, 1104 structures are affected due to the subproject. Out of the total affected structures 946 numbers are private, 117 numbers are government and 41 structures are community structures in the form of religious and other properties.

50. Land acquisition which results in complete or partial displacement of about 1070 private structures. Out of the total affected 505 numbers are residential, followed by 407 commercial, and 129 numbers are both residential and commercial. In addition to the above a considerable number 29 of affected structures are found to be compound walls, security rooms, bathrooms, and cattle sheds etc. The details of affected structures are given in page No.10 of Appendix-XIII.

22.

51. As informed by the concessionaire, no indigenous people are being affected due to the sub project.

23. 52. During the review of the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) it is found that provisions have been made to adequately compensate the affected people for loss of land and structures as per the applicable national policies. The Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) report has been prepared as per “ The National Rehabilitation and Resettlement Policy 2007” (NRRP – 2007). The details of compensation have been given in SIA & RAP report (Appendix- XIII). The estimated Resettlement and Rehabilitation budget as mentioned in RAP is given in Table-7.

Table 7- Resettlement &Rehabilitation Budget

Item Amount (in Rs.) Land Structure Total Compensation 954062200 250943944 1205006144 Assistance 286218660 21400000 307618660 Support for implementation of RAP - - 5,000,000 (Lumpsum) M & E consultant (Lumpsum) -- - 2,500,000 Sub Total - - 1,520,124,804 Annual Inflation accounted for @ 5 % - - 76006240 Contingency @ 10 % of the total Cost - - 152012480 GRAND TOTAL 1,748,143,524 Source: Resettlement Action Plan

53. The compensation for the loss of land has been paid entirely under the mandate of NHAI considering the market value obtained from the Revenue Department of the state.

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

24. 54. The subproject is a linear project, and due to land acquisition the APs are losing part of their land. However the focus of restoration of livelihoods is to ensure that the Affected Persons are able to “regain their previous living standards”.

55. As informed by the concessionaire, the subproject generated job opportunity to 700 peoples which includes local people, people from villages outside the project area and the project affected people. They are employed as labours for various construction activities and also for the job of as security guards and office assistants,. The component wise local employment generated during the operation phase has been given in below Table-8:

Table-8: Local Employment Generated at the sub project

Component No of worker employed Total wise Outside the Project Local Labour

Area employed Skilled 20 180 200 Semi-Skilled 14 226 240 Unskilled 5 252 257 TOTAL 39 658 697 Source: Information provided by the concessionaire

25. 56. To create awareness about the project among the people and district administration and to understand the public perception and different environmental and social issues within the project stretch, formal Public consultation has been carried out for this subproject with the objectives of minimizing probable adverse impacts of the project through alternate design solutions. Public consultations were held at five village and towns namely Marturu, Maddipadu Gundlapalli, Gauravaram and Muppavaram on 11th, 25th, 27th October 2007 and 7th and 11th November 2007 respectively. The details of the village level public consultation are given in chapter 6- of Appendix-XIII. In addition to the village level consultation, 15 local level consultations were also done all along the project road.

Table-9: Photographs of public consultation carried out during the project planning stage

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

Public Consultation at Tettu Village People Participation in Tettu.

Public Consultation at Mathur village Public Consultation at Mahur village

Public Consultation at Ongola town Public Consultation at Ongole town

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

57. Public Hearing notice has been published in The Eenadu and the Sakhi in the vernacular language i.e., Telugu. The details of the minutes of the Public Hearing is given in Guntur, Prakasam, and Nellore district is given in Appendix-III attached with ESDDR.

26. 58. As informed by the Concessionaire during the site visit, 47 religious structures are being affected due to the project road which includes temples, church, mosque, compound walls of religious properties, statues and graveyards. A detailed survey of all the CPR falling within the proposed ROW has been conducted by the concessionaire and effort has been made by them to minimize the impact by adjusting the civil work wherever possible without affecting the structure. The shifting requirement based on the survey by the concessionaire is attached as Appendix XVI.

59. Compensation for the loss of religious structures is being paid by the Concessioning Authority. As informed by the concessionaire, they will help the local people in the relocation of religious structures. Since the physical progress of the project is nearly 20 %, the relocation of temples has not started yet.

27. 60. As informed by the developer, the grievances received from the local people are dealt by the Concessioning Authority. A copy of the action taken against the public grievances received is attached as Appendix XVII. The details of grievances received from the local people and the action taken to mitigate the grievances is given in the below table:

Table 10: Status of Grievances received from the local people

Sl. Location Grievances Status No. 1. Stretch between To meet the necessary Concessionaire has Kavali to Nellore, maintenance requirements in complied to the Chainage km. the project stretch. recommendations as per 1318.000 to km. the provisions of Schedule- 1366.547 K as recommended by Independent Engineer after having carried out physical survey of the said stretch. 2. Near Valluramma Public demand received for Joint inspection has been Temple at Valluru the construction of a flyover carried out in the presence village, Chainage near Valluramma temple. of Independent Engineer km. 1256.200 and technically found that there is no requirement to build a flyover. Instead a Vehicular Underpass 34

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

(VUP) has been considered to be proposed to be built in front of the temple for which the design is yet to be submitted to the Independent Engineer in pending anticipation of permission to be procured from the Department of Irrigation to dismantle the existing minor bridge at the same location. 3. Naidupalem Construction activities are It is mutually agreed with village, Chainage disturbing the existing pond the villagers to shift the tank km. 1260.000 which is used for supply of from the existing location drinking water. and extend it beyond the proposed ROW. The work for the same is under progress. Source: Information from the Concessionaire

28. 61. The Concessioning Authority, National Highway Authority of India (NHAI) acknowledged HIV/AIDS as a corporate social responsibility and has taken the lead in association with the WB, ADB & NGOs on HIV/AIDS awareness programs to truckers and migrant workers. NHAI launched an awareness program called "Pathik Mela" on two national highways. A similar program has been proposed in the EIA report where there target group may be truck drivers, commercial sex workers and the communities surrounding the truckers. Such program can be organized from time to time at different location along the project section. A separate budgetary provision of Rs. 2.4 Crore has been made for carrying out various CSR programmes in the project.

29. 62. As mentioned in the RAP, for better monitoring of the R&R issues, a separate budgetary provision of Rs.2, 500,000/-has been earmarked in the Resettlement and Rehabilitation budget.

30. 63. A site visit was undertaken by IIFCL’s Environmental and Social Safeguard specialists during 18th-20th of June 2012 to review the implementation of the project social safeguards. During the site visit it has been observed that:

Environment and Social Due Diligence Report Simhapuri Expressway Limited

 Concessionaire has taken efforts to minimize the impact on the religious properties. In this regard, a detailed survey of all the CPR falling within the proposed ROW has been done by the concessionaire and effort has been made by them to minimize the impact by adjusting the civil work wherever possible without affecting the structure.  The religious structures will be relocated by them based on the availability of land. Since the physical progress of the project is nearly 20 %, the relocation of temples has not started yet.  Local labour has been employed for skilled and unskilled activities.  Proper traffic diversions and appropriate signages are being provided at the site to prevent any disruption to the highway traffic.  Construction work is only being carried out after the affected structures are vacated by their owners. 64. The site visit photographs are given in Photoplate-II.

31. 65. Based upon the available documents it is concluded that the concessionaire has undertaken adequate social safeguard measures for the implementation of the sub project. The conclusions for the sub-project is given below:

 The sub-project has been prepared by NHAI as per its own funding requirement and not anticipation to ADB operation.

 The Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) report has been prepared on the basis of National Rehabilitation and Resettlement policy 2007 (NRRP – 2007).

 The land acquisition has been done by NHAI under NH Act-1956 and the compensation is being paid to the affected families by NHAI as per the applicable policies.

 Adequate measures have been adopted for the minimization of social impacts during the project planning stage of the sub-project. Ongole bypass, of a total length of 10.2 km, has been provided so that the alignment does not pass through any congested settlement area.

 Local people’s view has been given due consideration during the planning stage of the sub-project to minimize the social impact.

 As informed by the Concessionaire, local labour has been employed for the various skilled and unskilled activities during the construction stage.

 By reviewing the information and document provided by the developer and the observation during the site visit, it seems that the sub-project does not involve reputational risk to ADB on social safeguards.

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh TOR Compliance

Compliance to Additional TOR Requirements as per Proceedings of the Environmental Committee held on 21-23 September, 2010

The proposal for approval of the Terms of Reference(TOR) for conducting EIA study of the project was considered in the 91st EAC meeting held on 21st – 23rd September, 2010 (Ref F.No.10-58/2010-IA-III dated Dated: 13th October 2010). The TOR was finalized by the MoEF which are to be suitably added in the EIA study. The conditions stipulated under the TOR for additional studies were suitably incorporated in the EIA study and report. The compliance status of the conditions stipulated under the approved TOR is presented in the following Table:

Compliance status of the Conditions stipulated under MoEF’s Approved TOR

Sl. Additional C onditions As P er A pproved Compliance Status No. TOR

1. Any litigation(s) pending against the proposed There is neither Litigation nor any directions or project and/or any directions or orders is to be against passed by any court of law/any statutory detailed out. authority against the proposed project

2. Submit Land use map of the study area to a Landuse map of the study area is included As scale of 1:25,000 based on recent satellite Annexure-3.5 of Chapter-3 imagery delineating the crop lands (both single and double crop), agricultural plantations, fallow lands, waste lands, water bodies, built-up areas, The Land plan indicating important features forest area and other surface features such as within and along the ROW is enclosed as railway tracks, airports, roads, and major separate volume. industries etc. and submit a detailed ground surveyed map on 1:4000 scale showing the existing features falling within the right of way (RoW) namely trees, structures including archaeological & religious, monuments etc. if any.

3. Study regarding the requirement of animal A total numbers 21 new pedestrian bypasses/ underpasses/FOB etc. across the crossings/cattle passes have been provided at habitation areas shall be carried out. Adequate habitation areas and 1 old crossing has been cattle passes for the movement of agriculture retained material shall be provided at the stretches passing through habitation areas.

4. The information should be provided for exact A total number of 32506 trees will required to be number of trees to be cut (including their girth felled. The detailing of trees including their sizes), their species and whether it also involved species and girth classification is presented in any protected or endangered species. Also Annexure-3.7&3.8 examine and submit details of compensatory afforestation. Necessary green belt shall be The predominant species are Gulmohar (Delonix provided on both side of the highway/ regia), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Imli expressway with proper central verge as per the (Tamarindus indica), Acacia auriculiformis and guideline and cost provision should be made for Albizzia.lebbeck (Kala Siris) and rest are having regular maintenance for at least 5 years during mainly ornamental & firewood. There is no protected or endangered species reported from

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operational phase of the project. the proposed corridor. Compensatory plantation and landscaping will be carried out in the ratio of 1:3 as per NHAI plantation strategy and in accordance with Guidelines on Landscaping and Tree Plantation specified under IRC:SP:21-2009. A general scheme for compensatory plantation is presented in ANNEXURE-9.1 of Environmental Management Plan.

5. If the proposed route is passing through a city The project road has been widened two 4-lane or town, with houses and human habitation on dual carriageway recently and almost all the the either side of the road, the necessity for major settlement area has been avoided by provision of bypasses/diversions/under passes providing 7 bypasses. At Ongole town the shall be examined and submitted. The proposal present a new bypass has been proposed to should also indicate the location of wayside avoid settlement area. amenities, which should include petrol station/service centre, rest areas including public conveyance, telephone booths and The details of wayside amenities, service centres ambulance/first aid centres etc. Submit the rest areas, street light. Etc. have been given in details of noise control measures viz. noise Chapter- 2. There is no wildlife sanctuary exist reflector/barriers at the Sanctuary area/ thickly along the proposed project. populated area.

6. Submit details about measures taken for the A total number of 21 pedestrian/Cattle pedestrian safety and construction of underpasses have been proposed at different underpasses and foot-over bridges along with settlement area.A total number of 4-flyovers flyovers and interchanges as per the relevant have been proposed in the project. The IRC IRC guidelines. specification nwill be followed in designing of these flyovers.

7. Assess whether there is a possibility that the The construction work will mainly away from the proposed project will adversely affect the existing pavement except for the few bridge existing road traffic in the surrounding areas sites. Proper traffic management plan will be both during construction and operation phases. ascertained to ensure smooth plying of traffic. (e.g. by causing increases in traffic congestion IRC: SP:55-2001will be followed in providing all and traffic accidents). Using primary traffic the signs, diversions, and other traffic safety data, traffic forecasting methods as indicated in measures during Construction. Six laning Manual IRC guidelines. and IRC:67-2001 will be followed for traffic signs and

8. Examine and submit the details of use of fly ash There are 3 thermal plants located within 100 Km as per the revised fly ash rules (2009) in the radius of the proposed project. The use of fly ash road construction, if the project road is located will be in accordance with IRC:SP:58-2001, within the 100 km from the Thermal Power Flyash utilization plan has been incorporated as Plant as per the relevant IRC guidelines. ANNEXURE-9.7 of Chapter Environmental Management Plan

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9. Examine and submit the details of sand quarry The Quarry locations are presented in Section borrow area and rehabilitation and mark them 3.1.4 of Chapter 3. The Quarry & borrow area on the layout plan. operation and rehabilitation plan has been incorporated as ANNEXURE-9.3 & 9.4 of Chapter- 9

10. Examine in detail the climate and meteorology The Climatological Data collected from IMD, of the area (max and min temperature, relative Nellore Ongole and compiled in section 3.1.5 of humidity, rainfall); the nearest IMD Chapter-3 meteorological station from which climatological data have been obtained to be indicated.

11. Examine and submit road safety audit as per The Safety auditing is being conducted during the guidelines of Ministry of Road Transport of preconstruction activities, Construction and Post Highway. Construction stage. The Consultant for Road Safety Audit has been appointed and will conduct the safety auditing prior to construction.

12. Hydrology study should be carried out and The streams and canals in the area are mostly examine the impact on the canal system. rainfed. The Hydrological study will be carried out by the Concessionaire during detailed designing of bridge. Sufficient measures will be provided in design in order to avoid any impact on Canal System.

13. The air quality monitoring should be carried out Air quality monitoring has been carried out at both before and during the construction phase different locations along the project stretch. and also expected increase/ decrease after the During Construction the air quality monitoring will construction as per the EIA guidance manual. be carried out as per Environmental Monitoring Plan provided in the EIA report

14. Identify project activities during construction The Noise level monitoring has been carried out and operation phases, which will affect the at different locations and the impact has been noise levels and the potential for increased discussed in Chapter 4.0 noise resulting from this project. Discuss the effect of noise levels on nearby habitation during the construction and operational phases of the proposed highway. Identify noise reduction measures and traffic management strategies to be deployed for reducing the negative impact at critical locations if any. Prediction of noise levels should be done by using mathematical modelling at different representative locations, suitable for Indian conditions clearly indicating the various inputs used in the world.

15. Examine the impact of the project during the The Concessionaire has to identify the sites for construction phase due to generation of fugitive establishing their own Hot mix Plant and Stone

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dust from crusher units, air emissions from hot crusher plan and the capacity of the plants will mix plants and vehicles used for transportation be decided based on the quantity of materials of materials and prediction of impact on required in construction at different sections. It ambient air quality using appropriate will be ensured that the Concessionaire follows mathematical model, description of model, input the siting criteria of Hot Mix Plant, Stone Crusher requirement including ARA/CBCP emission Plant and Batchmix Plant by in compliance with factors and on site meteorological parameters) Environmental Protection Act, 1986 and as per and reference of derivation, distribution of conditions stipulated by the Andhra Pradesh major pollutants and presentation in tabular Pollution Control Board. It will also be ensured form for easy interpretation shall be carried out. that the Concessionaire has valid NOC from APPCB for establishing and operating the plants and all plants are fitted with adequate arrangements of emission control. The emission levels will be strictly monitored periodically as specified in Environmental Monitoring Plan to ensure that the Emissions are within the prescribed limits.

16. Also examine and submit the details about the The Dust control measures have been discussed protection to existing habitations from dust, in Chapter 4 and the mitigation measures have noise, odour etc. both during construction and also been incorporated in Environmental operation stages Management Plan (Chapter-9)

17. If the proposed route involves cutting of earth, No cutting is proposed as the proposed project is the details of area to be cut, depth of cut, located in plain terrain locations, soil type, volume and quantity of earth and other materials to be removed with location of disposal/ dump site along with necessary permission.

18. Examine and submit the details of measures The provisions for the new bridge construction taken during constructions of bridges across have been made after assessment of the existing river/canal/major or minor drains keeping in structures. The project involves retaining of 12 view the flooding of the rivers and the life span major bridges with minor repairs; 6 new 2-lane of the existing bridges. Provision of speed major bridges parallel to existing bridges and 3 breakers, safety signals, service lanes and foot major bridges to be widened and 1 major bridge paths should be examined at appropriate construction of culverts, 112 minor bridges and locations throughout the proposed road to avoid 7 major bridges. The construction in the the accidents as per the relevant IRC guideline. river/canal/major or minor drain beds will be taken up during lean season flow. During construction, as required provision for diversion of traffic will be made with proper signage for road safety. additional service roads covering a total length of 84.660 Km have been proposed in the project, 4 flyovers

Pedestrian guard rails have been proposed at 14 locations covering a length of 22.932 Km

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between the nearest at grade junction and the bus stop for the safe movement of the pedestrian traffic. The safety measures will be provided in accordance with per IRC 67, IRC, IRC and IRC:SP:87-2010, Manual for six laning (IRC:SP:87-2010). The details of safety measures provided in the project has been discussed in Chapter-2

19. Submit the details of source of water, About 853 cum of water would be required per availability and utilizable quantity, usage and day for construction and allied activities. Separate impact on other competitive users. water supply arrangement for construction and allied works will be made in from ground water/surface water source away from public water supply source so that there is no interfere with the normal public water supply. The water for the construction will be taken after taking prior permission from Competent Authority and comply with all the requirements of State Ground Water Authority/ Irrigation Department. The Concessionaire will take all the measures in order to minimize wastage of water during the construction.

20. If there will be any change in the drainage No such impact is visualized due to project pattern after the proposed activity, details of activity. changes shall be examined and submitted.

21. Examine and submit details of highest ground Rain Water Harvesting structures will be provided water table and soil characteristics. Provide in accordance with the CGWB along the entire details of Rain Water Harvesting (RWH), which project stretch as per NHAI policy should be designed as per CGWB provisions. RWH pit should be at least > 5 m. above the highest ground water table. Provision shall be made for oil and grease removal from surface runoff.

22. If there is a possibility that the There is no natural forest occur in the project construction/widening of road will cause area. Only Eucaluptus plantation having girth adverse impacts such as destruction of forest, below 30 cm is done in the Reserved Forest poaching, reductions in wetland areas, if so, located adjacent to the ROW. No such impact are examine the impact and submit details. envisaged due to the project.

23. Submit the details of road safety measures A total number of 24 new vehicular crossings and proposed both during construction and 21 new Pedestrian/ cattle Underpasses at operation phases with the details of signage, different locations, service roads covering a total service roads, vehicular under passes, accident length of 84.660 Kms, have been proposed in the prone zone. IRC guidelines shall be followed for project. The detailed locations is given in Chapter-2. The Six Laning Manual IRC:SP:87-

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widening & up gradation of road. 2010 will be followed for widening & up gradation of road.

24. Examine road design standards, safety All the safety concerns will be taken into account equipment specifications and Management in detailed design. The same will be submitted by System training to ensure that design details the Concessionaire during detail designing. All take account of safety concerns. the specifications and standards will be followed as per IRC specifications and Six Laning Manual IRC:SP:87-2010 and the same will be strictly monitored. Crash Barriers, Guard rails, Survice roads, Street lights, mast lights, bus shelters, truck laybyes, zebra crossings, safety signs, etc. have been proposed in the project at different locations. The detailed locations of these facilities has been provided in Chapter-2.

25. Submit traffic management plan during The traffic Management Plan during Construction construction phase including the diversions etc. is incorporated in Chapter-11

26. Provide details of Accident Prone Areas (if any). The accidents and riad safety provisions as well Further Accident data and geographic as Post accident emergency assistance and distribution should be reviewed and analyzed to medical care to accident victims is provided in predict and identify trends incase of expansion Chapter-11. There will be provision of Highway of the existing highway and provide Post traffic vehicles, cranes and well equipped accident emergency assistance and medical ambulance at every 50 Kms to ensure proper care to accident victims response during accidents. Emergency numbers will be displaced at regular intervals as per IRC specifications

27. If the proposed project involves any land No land reclamation proposed reclamation, details to be provided for which activity land to reclaim and the area of land to be reclaimed.

28. Submit details of social impact assessment of The detailed Social Impact Assessment is the project due to the proposed construction of presented in SIA & RAP report. road.

29. Estimated cost of the project including A budgetary allocation for Environmental environmental monitoring cost and funding Mitigation Measures and Environmental agencies, whether governmental or on the basis Monitoring cost for construction and Operation of BOT etc for at least 5 years after the stage upto 5 Years has been made for Rs. construction and provide details of budget 1355.68 Lakhs. The Capital Cost of provisions (capital & recurring) for the project Environmental Mitigation Measures during specific R&R Plan (if applicable). Separate SIA Construction has to be carried out (if required). No. of PAFs exceeds the no. as specified under NRRP (2007).

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30. Detailed R&R plan with data on the existing The R& R plan is incorporated as ANNEXURE socio-economic status of the population in the study area and broad plan for resettlement of the displaced population, site for the resettlement colony, alternative livelihood concerns/ employment and rehabilitation of the displaced people, civil and housing amenities being offered, etc and the schedule of the implementation of the project specific

31. Submit details of Corporate Social Responsibility As part of corporate social responsibility NHAI (CSR). Necessary provisions should be made in regularly undertakes road safety, HIV/AIDS the budget and clearly delineated. awareness campaigns, provides assistance to improve skill for income generation to project affect persons, replaces/improves the common property resources viz. schools, religious structures etc., affected by the project, and ensures that the contractors provide all necessary amenities and facilities for the workers at the construction camps/work sites and do not employ child labour. A budgetary provision of Rs. 2.4 Crores have been mabe separately for activities under Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The details of CSR is indicated in section 9.6 of Environmental Management Plan (Chapter 9)

33. Submit environmental management and The Environmental Management and Monitoring monitoring plan for all phases of the project viz. Plan for all phases of the including Pre- construction and operation for at least 5 years construction, Construction and Operation stage has been incorporated in Chapter 6

34. Any further clarification on carrying out the _ above studies including anticipated impacts due to the project and mitigative measures, Project proponent is advised to refer to the EIA guidance manual available on Ministry’s website http://moef.nic.in/Manual/highways.

35. Public hearing to be conducted for the project Public Hearing conducted in all the three concern as per provisions of Environmental Impact district, i.e. Guntur, Prakasam and Nellore. The Assessment Notification, 2006 and the issues Public Hearing were conducted at the Office of raised by the public should be addressed in the Revenue Divisional Officer Kavali of Nellore Environmental Management Plan. th District on 21st, June, 2011, on 26 June, 2011 at Tahsildar Office, Ongole of Prakasam District and on 4th August, 2011 at Mandal Parihad Pradmik Patasal, Tatapudi village, Chilakaluripet Mandal in Guntur District. The issues raised by public have been addressed appropriately in

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Environmental Management Plan appropriately. The Minutes of the Public Hearing Proceedings and Response of NHAI is enclosed as APPENDIX-I

36. A detailed draft EIA/EMP report should be The Draft EIA/EMP report has been prepared as prepared as per the above additional TOR and per Additional TOR. should be submitted to the Ministry as per the Notification.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Contents Page No.

CHAPTER 1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 1-1 1.1 Purpose of the Report ...... 1-1 1.2 Identification of Project and Project Proponent ...... 1-1 1.3 Project Road ...... 1-1 1.4 Environmental Screening of Project Road ...... 1-1 1.5 Objectives of the Study ...... 1-1 1.6 Scope of the Study ...... 1-2 1.7 Environmental Policies and Legislation ...... 1-2 1.8 Fly ash Notification ...... 1-5 1.9 Summary of Statutory Clearance Requirement ...... 1-6 1.10 Structure of the Report...... 1-7

CHAPTER 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 2-1 2.1 Introduction...... 2-1 2.2 Need for the project ...... 2-1 2.3 Project Objective ...... 2-2 2.4 Project Approach for Environmental Studies...... 2-2 2.5 Project Location ...... 2-2 2.5.1 Chilkaluripet to Nellore NH-5 ...... 2-2 2.5.2 Proposed Bypass at Ongole ...... 2-5 2.6 Proposed Development...... 2-5 2.7 Existing Scenario & proposed Plan for Project ...... 2-9 2.7.1 Chilkaluripet to Nellore NH-5 Section ...... 2-9 2.7.2 Proposed Ongole Bypass section ...... 2-9 2.7.3 Right of Way (ROW) ...... 2-10 2.7.4 Additional Land Requirement for Widening ...... 2-10 2.5.5 Traffic Scenario ...... 2-10 2.7.6 Pedestrian Flow ...... 2-12 2.7.7 Service Roads ...... 2-12 2.7.8 Vehicular/Pedestrian Underpasses ...... 2-13 2.7.8 Cart Tracks ...... 2-14 2.7.9 Bridges ...... 2-15 2.7.10 Rail Over Bridge (ROB) ...... 2-15 2.7.11 Culverts ...... 2-15 2.7.12 Toll Plazas ...... 2-15 2.7.13 Facilities and Services to the Users ...... 2-16 2.7.14 Traffic Sign and Pavement Marking ...... 2-19 2.8 Typical Cross Section: ...... 2-19

CHPTER 3.0 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT ...... 3-1 3.1 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ...... 3-1 3.1.1 PHYSIOGRAPHY ...... 3-1 3.1.2 GEOLOGY AND SEISMICITY ...... 3-1 3.1.3 SOILS ...... 3-2 3.1.4 QUARRY SITE AND BORROW AREAS:...... 3-5 3.1.5 CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ...... 3-9 3.1.6 LAND USE PATTERN ...... 3-13 3.1.7 SURFACE WATER RESOURCE: ...... 3-14 3.1.8 GROUNDWATER SOURCES ...... 3-19 3.1.9 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY: ...... 3-21 3.1.10 AMBIENT NOISE LEVEL: ...... 3-24 3.2 ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES: ...... 3-26

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3.2.1 FOREST AREA ...... 3-26 3.2.2 ECOLOGICALLY PROTECTED AREA: ...... 3-28 3.2.3 ROADSIDE TREE PLANTATION: ...... 3-28 3.2.4 FAUNA ...... 3-29 3.3 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT: ...... 3-29 3.3.1 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE ...... 3-29 3.3.2 LITERACY ...... 3-29 3.3.3 WORK PARTICIPATION ...... 3-30 3.3.4 OCCUPATION PROFILE ...... 3-30 3.3.5 HUMAN USE VALUES ...... 3-31 3.3.6 SETTLEMENTS ...... 3-31 3.3.7 MARKETS ...... 3-31 3.3.8 CULTURAL PROPERTIES ...... 3-31

CHAPTER 4.0 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 4-1 4.0 Introduction...... 4-1 4.1 IMPACTS DURING DESIGN/ PRE-CONSTRUCTIONAL PHASE ...... 4-2 4.1.1 Impact on Land Resources ...... 4-2 4.1.2 Impact on People due to land acquisition and properties ...... 4-3 4.1.3 Impacts on Other Assets ...... 4-5 4.1.4 Land use Change ...... 4-6 4.1.5 Impact on Water bodies: ...... 4-6 4.1.6 Religious, Common and Govt. Property Affected ...... 4-7 4.1.7 Impact on Utilities ...... 4-8 4.1.8 Impact on Roadside Trees ...... 4-8 4.1.9 Impact on Reserved Forest Land: ...... 4-9 4.2 IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE...... 4-9 4.2.1 Impact on Land Resources ...... 4-10 4.2.2 Impact on Soil ...... 4-11 4.2.3 Impact on Water Resources ...... 4-12 4.2.4 Impact on Water Quality: ...... 4-14 4.2.5 Impact on Ambient Air Quality ...... 4-14 4.2.6 Impacts on Noise Level ...... 4-16 4.2.7 Impact on Ecological Resources ...... 4-18 4.2.8 Impact on Social Environment ...... 4-18 4.2.9 Other Environmental Concerns of Construction Phase: ...... 4-20 4.3 IMPACTS DURING OPERATIONAL PHASE ...... 4-22 4.3.1 Impacts on Water Quality and Resources ...... 4-22 4.3.2 Impact on Air Quality ...... 4-22 4.3.3 Impact on Noise Quality ...... 4-26 4.3.4 Human Use Values ...... 4-27 4.3.5 Road Safety ...... 4-27

CHAPTER 5.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ...... 5-1 5.1 Introduction...... 5-1 5.2 “With” and “Without” Project Scenario ...... 5-1

CHAPTER 6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME ...... 6-1 6.1 Performance Indicators (PIS) ...... 6-1 6.2 Selection of Indicators for Monitoring ...... 6-1 6.3 Monitoring of Performance Indicators ...... 6-2 6.3.1 Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring ...... 6-2 6.3.2 Ambient Noise Monitoring ...... 6-2 6.3.3 Water Quality ...... 6-2 6.3.4 Soil Quality ...... 6-2

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6.3.5 Tree Survival Rate ...... 6-2 6.4 Environmental Monitoring Action Plan ...... 6-3 6.5 Environmental Reporting System ...... 6-3 6.6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING COST ...... 6-3

CHAPTER 7.0 PUBLIC CONSULTATION ...... 7-1 7.1 Focus Group Discussion (FGD) ...... 7-1 7.1.1 Need and Usefulness of Focus Group Discussion (FGD) ...... 7-1 7.1.2 Objectives ...... 7-1 7.1.3 Level of Discussion ...... 7-1

CHAPTER 8.0 PROJECT BENEFITS ...... 8-1 8.1 Introduction...... 8-1 8.2 Economic Development ...... 8-1 8.3 Employment Opportunity ...... 8-2 8.4 Road Safety ...... 8-2 8.5 Reduction in Vehicle Operating Cost (VOC) ...... 8-3 8.6 Environmental Benefits ...... 8-3 8.7 Indirect Benefits ...... 8-4

CHAPTER 9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) ...... 9-1 9.1 Objectives of the EMP ...... 9-1 9.2 Critical Environmental Issues ...... 9-2 9.3 EMP Implementation Framework...... 9-2 9.3.1 Key Players of EMP Implementation ...... 9-2 9.3.2 Responsibilities and Authorities ...... 9-2 9.3.3 Responsibilities of Concessionaire’s Chief Project Manager / General Manager (CPM/GM) ...... 9-3 9.3.4 Responsibilities of Concessionaire’s Project Manager (PM) ...... 9-3 9.3.5 Responsibilities of Concessionaire’s Environmental / Safety Engineer ...... 9-3 9.3.6 Responsibilities of Contractor’s Project Manager ...... 9-3 9.3.7 Responsibilities of Contractor’s Environmental/ Safety Engineer (CEE/CSE) ...... 9-4 9.4 Environmental Management Action Plan ...... 9-4 9.5 Environmental Training ...... 9-5 9.6 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ...... 9-34 9.7 Environmental Budgeting ...... 9-36

CHAPTER 10.0 ACCIDENTS AND ROAD SAFETY ...... 10-1 10.1 GENERAL ...... 10-1 10.2 SITE INSPECTION ...... 10-1 10.3 ACCIDENT DATA ...... 10-3 10.4 PROPOSED SAFETY FACILITIES ...... 10-5 10.5 ADDRESSABLE OF SAFETY IN PROJECT DESIGN: ...... 10-6 10.6 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT DURING CONSTRUCTION STAGE: ...... 10-7 10.7 PREPARATION OF TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 10-7 10.8 POST ACCIDENT EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE PLAN: ...... 10-10 10.9 CONCLUSIONS ...... 10-10

CHAPTER-11 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION ...... 11-1 11.1 The Project ...... 11-1 11.2 Implementing Agency ...... 11-1 11.3 Project Location: ...... 11-1 11.4 Categorisation of Project: ...... 11-1 11.5 Salient Features of Project ...... 11-1 11.6 Description of the Environment ...... 11-4 11.6.1 Physiography and Soil ...... 11-4

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11.6.2 Climate ...... 11-5 11.6.3 Ambient Air Quality ...... 11-5 11.6.4 Water Resources ...... 11-5 11.6.5 Noise Level ...... 11-6 11.6.6 Forests ...... 11-6 11.6.7 Road Side Plantation: ...... 11-6 11.6.8 Socio-economic Environment ...... 11-6 11.6.9 Land Use Pattern ...... 11-7 11.6.10 Protected Monuments and Properties of Archaeological Value ...... 11-7 11.7 Anticipated environmental Impacts and Mitigation measures ...... 11-7 11.7.1 Impacts during Preconstruction Phase ...... 11-7 11.7.2 Impact during Construction and Operation Phase: ...... 11-9 11.8 Environmental Monitoring Plan ...... 11-17 11.9 Analysis of Alternatives ...... 11-17 11.10 Public Consultation ...... 11-17 11.11 Project benefits ...... 11-18 11.12 Environmental Management Plan ...... 11-18

CHAPTER – 12 DISCLOSURES OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED ...... 12-1 12.1 PREAMBLE ...... 12-1 12.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY - CONSULTANCY FIRMS ...... 12-1 12.3 TEAM OF CONSULTANTS ...... 12-1 12.3.1 Dr. S. S. Deepak ...... 12-1 12.3.2 Mr. Nilesh Kumar ...... 12-1 12.3.3 Dr. Gagan C. Patra ...... 12-2 12.3.4 Dr. Sudesh Kaul ...... 12-2 12.3.4 Mr. Vishwanath Jangid ...... 12-2 12.3.5 Mr. K. Sudhendra Kumar ...... 12-2 12.3.6 Mr. Vinay Kumar Rathi ...... 12-3 12.3.7 Mr. Mohan R. Zade ...... 12-3 12.3.8 Mr. Mohammed Rafiyuddin Shaphiyoddinn Malik ...... 12-3 12.3.9 Monitoring Agency for Sampling and Analysis of Air, Water, Noise data and Meteorological data: ...... 12-3

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 EIA Report In the State of Andhra Pradesh Table of Contents

List of Tables

Table 2.1: Salient Features of the Project ...... 2-6 Table 2.2: Chainage Details ...... 2-9 Table 2.3: Average Daily Traffic at Traffic Homogeneous Sections ...... 2-10 Table 2.4: Proposed Traffic Growth Rate (%) for Different types of Vehicles ...... 2-11 Table 2.5: Projected Traffic at the Homogeneous Traffic Sections ...... 2-11 Table 2.6: Pedestrian Flows across Highway ...... 2-12 Table 2.7: Proposed Vehicular Underpasses and Pedestrian/Cattle Underpasses ...... 2-13 Table 2.8: Cart Tracks for Ongole Bypass ...... 2-14 Table 2.9: Existing Toll Plazas ...... 2-15 Table 2.10: Proposed Toll Plaza Locations ...... 2-16 Table 2.11: Truck Lay-Bys cum Rest Area ...... 2-16 Table 2.12: Proposed Wayside Amenity locations ...... 2-17 Table 2.13: Proposed Locations of Street lighting ...... 2-17 Table 2.14: Proposed Locations of Highway Lighting ...... 2-18 Table 2.15: Proposed Locations of Pedestrian Guard Railing ...... 2-18 Table 3.1: Soil Sampling Location Along The Project Road ...... 3-2 Table 3.2: Physico-Chemical Characteristics Of Soil Along The Project Corridor ...... 3-3 Table 3.3: The Month Wise Average Temperature And Rainfall For Last 10 Years (From 2000 To 2010) ...... 3-9 Table 3.4: Land Use Pattern In Guntur, Prakasam And Nellore Districts ...... 3-13 Table 3.5: River And Canals Crossing The Project Section ...... 3-14 Table 3.6: Ponds / Tanks Within Corridor Of Impact Project Road ...... 3-15 Table 3.7: Surface Water Sampling Location ...... 3-16 Table 3.8: Surface Water Quality Results ...... 3-18 Table 3.9: Ground Water Sampling Locations ...... 3-19 Table 3.10: Ground Water Quality Results ...... 3-20 Table 3.11: Sampling Locations Of Ambient Air Quality Along The Project Corridor ...... 3-21 Table 3.12: Ambient Air Quality Along Chilakluripet To Nellore Section Nh-5 At Different Locations ...... 3-22 Table 3.13: Noise Monitoring Locations Along The Project Road ...... 3-24 Table 3.14: Ambient Noise Level At Different Location Along Project Corridor ...... 3-26 Table 3.15: District-Wise Forest Coverage (In Sq Km) (Source Andhra Pradesh Forest Statistics, 2007) ...... 3-27 Table 3.16: Reserve Forest Within Corridor Of Impact ...... 3-27 Table 3.17: Tree Species Along Roadside ...... 3-28 Table 3.19: Demographic Profile Of Guntur, Prakasam And Nellore Districts ...... 3-29 Table 3.20: Literacy Of Guntur, Prakasam And Nellore Districts ...... 3-30 Table 3.21: Proportion Of Workers And Non Workers In Guntur, Prakasam And Nellore Districts ...... 3-30 Table 3.22: Occupation Profile Of Guntur, Prakasam And Nellore Districts ...... 3-30 Table 3.23: Religious Features Along The Project Corridor ...... 3-31 Table 4.1: Districwise Additional Land Requirement for Proposed Project ...... 4-3 Table 4.2: Ownership status of the Affected Structures ...... 4-3 Table 4.3: Usage of the private properties affected ...... 4-4 Table 4.4: Type and Area of Structures Affected along project ...... 4-4 Table 4.5: Usage of the displaced structures ...... 4-4 Table 4.6: Other assets and minor structures affected ...... 4-5 Table 4.7: List of affected Water Tanks due to Proposed Widening ...... 4-6 Table 4.8: Religious Structures within the Proposed ROW ...... 4-7 Table 4.10: Water Requirement for Construction...... 4-13 Table 4.11: Typical Noise Levels of Principal Construction Equipment during major construction activity (Noise Level in dB (A) at 50 Feet) ...... 4-16 Table 4.12: Land use, Emission Standards and the Road Width ...... 4-23

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 EIA Report In the State of Andhra Pradesh Table of Contents

Table 4.13: Predicted 1-Hour Average CO Concentrations for the Years 2011, 2015, 2020, 2025, and 2030 ...... 4-25 Table 4.14: Predicted Ambient Noise Levels at Receptors ...... 4-27 Table 5.1: ‘With’ and ‘Without’ Project Scenario ...... 5-1 Table 6.1: Environmental Monitoring Plan ...... 6-4 Table 7.1: Outputs of local level consultations ...... 7-2 Table 9.1: Critical Environmental Issues to be addressed ...... 9-2 Table 9.2 Environmental Management Plan ...... 9-6 Table 9.3: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Cost...... 9-37 Table 11.1: Salient Features of the Project ...... 11-2 Table 11.2: Anticipated Environmental Impacts due to the Proposed Project and their Mitigation Measures during Pre-construction Stage: ...... 11-7 Table 11.3: Matrix of Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Construction and Operation Stage ...... 11-10

List of Figures

Figure 2.1: Index Map Project Road ...... 2-3 Figure 2.2: Location Plan of Chilakaruripet-Nellore Section of NH-5 ...... 2-4 Figure 2.3: Location of Proposed Ongole By-Pass ...... 2-5 Figure 2.4 a: Typical Cross Section ...... 2-21 Figure 2.4 b: Typical Cross Section ...... 2-22 Figure 2.4 c: Typical Cross Section ...... 2-23 Figure 2.4d: Typical Cross Section in Reserved Forest Section ...... 2-24 Figure 2.4e: Typical Cross Section in Reserved Forest Section ...... 2-25 Figure 3.1: Location Plan Of Soil Samples Along Project Corridor ...... 3-4 Figure 3.2a: Identified Potential Quarry Sites For The Project ...... 3-6 Figure 3.2b: Identified Potential Quarry Sites For The Project ...... 3-7 Figure 3.2c: Identified Potential Quarry Sites For The Project ...... 3-8 Figure 3.3: Variation In Annual Rainfall At Different Places Along Project Area During Last 10 Years ...... 3-10 Figure 3.4: Wind Rose Diagram At Ongole ...... 3-12 Figure 3.5: Land Use Pattern Along Project Alignment ...... 3-14 Figure: 3.6 Surface And Ground Water Sampling Locations ...... 3-17 Figure 3.7: Sampling Location Of Ambient Air Quality ...... 3-23 Figure 3.8: Noise Monitoring Locations Along The Project Road ...... 3-25 Figure 3.9: Forest Coverage In Andhra Pradesh ...... 3-27

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Introduction

CHAPTER 1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Purpose of the Report

The environment has a limited carrying capacity and it can only sustain a negative impact up to a level without further degradation. Several systems, however, temporarily disturb it leading to a new balance in order to re-establish the equilibrium between human activity and nature. But sensitive systems are not so resilient to cope up with changes in physical and natural Environment, thus not only leading to negative impact on them but also, socio-economic losses may occur. Road projects are meant for improving the quality of life for people and developing the country’s economy. For all positive impacts of the road projects, there may be also some significant detrimental impacts on nearby communities and natural environment. There may be impact on properties of people, their livelihood and other social components. Similarly there can be direct or indirect impact on flora, fauna, water resources, land use etc. To account for all these issues, environmental and social impact assessment is utmost necessary. These concerns for environmental and social issues in road projects have also become a part of legal requirements and for obtaining financial support. Environmental considerations are therefore of prime importance in road projects.

1.2 Identification of Project and Project Proponent

The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has been entrusted with the development, maintenance and management of the National Highways as entrusted to it by the Government of India. Under NHDP Phase-V Programme, the Government of India has decided to convert this existing four-lane highway section of National Highway No.-5 (NH-5) from Chilakaluripet to Nellore section into six-lane highway. This project is to be executed by private entrepreneurs on DBFO pattern.

This report pertains to environmental aspects of consultancy related to feasibility study for the improvement of selected four lane section to six lane section of National Highway No.-5 from Chilakaluripet to Nellore in the State of Andhra Pradesh. The Project Proponent is National Highway Authority of India.

1.3 Project Road

This project section of NH-5 starts at Km 1182+802 at Tatapudi village near Chilakaluripet in the district of Guntur and ends at Km 1366+547 after passes through the Districts of Guntur, Prakasam and Nellore. The entire project road falls in the State of Andhra Pradesh.

1.4 Environmental Screening of Project Road

The environmental assessment preparation led to identification of potential environmental hazards and their feasible remedial measures, based on which the environmental mitigation measures have been prepared.

1.5 Objectives of the Study

The major objective of this study is to establish present environmental condition along the project corridor through available data / information supported by field studies to evaluate the impacts on relevant environmental attributes due to the construction & operation of the proposed project; to recommend adequate mitigation measures to minimize / reduce adverse impacts and to prepare

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Introduction

an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for timely implementation of the mitigation measures to make the project environmentally sound and sustainable. An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study basically includes:

• Establishment of the present environmental scenario • Study of the specific activities related to the project • Evaluation of the probable environmental impacts • Recommendations of necessary environmental control measures. • Preparation of Environmental Management Plan 1.6 Scope of the Study

Environmental assessment is a detailed process, which starts from the conception of the project and continues till the operation phase. The steps for environmental assessment are therefore different at different phases. The present report details the environmental setting of the project zone, collects the baseline data and then identifies the anticipated environmental impact and finally suggests appropriate mitigation measures and mechanism for ensuring effective implementation of the environmental safeguard measures at different stages of the project..

1.7 Environmental Policies and Legislation

Table-1.1 presents Environmental regulations and legislations relevant to this project, which are the responsibility of a number of government agencies.

Table 1.1: Summary of Relevant Environmental Legislations Act/Rule/Notification/ Year Objectives Responsible Agency Policy The Environment (Protection) 1986 To protect and improve the overall MoEF; GoI; Department Act environment of Forest, GoAP; CPCB; The Environment (Protection) 1986 APPCB Rules Environment Impact Assessment 2006 To provide environmental clearance to MoEF; GoI; CPCB; Notification and amendments new development activities following APPCB made thereafter. environmental impact assessment Indian Forest Act 1927 To consolidate the laws related to MoEF; Department of forest, the transit of forest produce and Forest, GoAP Forest (Conservation) Act 1980 the duty livable on timber and other Forest (Conservation) Rules 1981 forest produce. Conservation of Forests, Judicious use Forest Conservation Rules 2003 of forestland for non-forestry purposes; (Notification) and to replenish the loss of forest cover by Compensatory Afforestation on degraded forestland and non-forest land. Procedure for submission of the proposals seeking approval for Central Government for diversion of forestland to non-forest purposes. Wild Life (Protection) Act 1972 To protect wildlife in general and Chief Conservator of National Parks and Sanctuaries in Wildlife, Wildlife Wing, The Wild Life (Protection) 2002 particulars. Forest Department, Amendment Act To protect wild animals, birds and GoAP plants with a view to ensure the National/State Board for ecological and environmental security Wildlife of the country. National Forest Policy 1952 To maintain ecological stability through Forest Department, GoI

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Introduction

Act/Rule/Notification/ Year Objectives Responsible Agency Policy National Forest Policy (Revised) 1988 preservation and restoration of and GoAP biological diversity The Water (Prevention and 1974 To control water pollution by CPCB; APPCB Control of Pollution) Act controlling discharge of pollutants as per prescribed standards The Air (Prevention and Control 1981 To control air pollution by controlling CPCB; APPCB & of Pollution) Act emission of air pollutants as per Transport Department; prescribed standards GoUP Noise Pollution (Regulation and 2000 To regulate and control noise CPCB; APPCB & Control) Rules producing and generating sources with Transport Department; The Noise Pollution (Regulation 2006 the objective of maintaining the GoAP and Control) Amendment Rules ambient air quality standards in respect of noise. The Motor Vehicle Act 1988 To consolidate and amend the laws RTO Office, GoAP related to motor vehicles. Licensing of driving of motor vehicles, registration of motor vehicles, with emphasis on road safety standards and pollution control measures, standards for transportation of hazardous and Central Motor Vehicle Rules 1989 explosive materials To check vehicular air and noise pollution. The Ancient Monuments and 1958 To provide for the preservation of Archaeological Archaeological Sites and Remain ancient and historical monuments and Department, GoI; Indian Act archeological sites and remains of Heritage Society and national importance and protection Indian National Trust for sculptures, carvings and other like Art and Culture Heritage objects. (INTACH), The National Highway Act 1956 For Land Acquisition NHAI; Revenue Department, GoAP National Policy of Resettlement 2007 For payment of compensation and PIU NHAI, Competent and Rehabilitation assistance, different entitlements Authority (Revenue payment of compensation and Department) assistance, resettlement and rehabilitation of project affected population due to acquisition of lands and structures. Andhra Pradesh Water, Land and 2002 Andhra Pradesh Water, Land and Trees District Authority Trees Act (WALTA Act) Act 2002 is a comprehensive law enacted by the GOAP and it is a unique initiative in the country. APWALTA promotes water conservation and tree cover; regulates the exploitation and use of ground and surface water. The objective is protection and conservation of land, water sources and environment and matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. A brief description of relevant laws is given below:

Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980: The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 is of particular significance in case the project corridors require acquisition of forestland outside the RoW of the road corridors as a result of the rehabilitation work proposed.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Introduction

In case of Reserved Forest

If the area of forest land to be cleared or diverted exceeds 20 ha., then prior permission of Central Government is required; If the forest land is between 5 to 20 ha., then permission form the Regional Office of Chief Conservator is required; If the forest land is below or equal to 5 ha., the State Government can give permission; and, If the canopy area is more than 40% forest, permission to undertake any work is needed from the Central Government, irrespective of the size of the area.

In case of Protected Forest

MoEF regional office is empowered to accord Forest Clearance for an area up to 5 ha. Wild Life Protection Act, 1972 has allowed the government to establish a number of National Parks and Sanctuaries over the past 25 years, to protect and conserve the flora and fauna of the State. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 resulted in the establishment of the Central and State level Pollution Control Boards whose responsibilities include managing water quality and effluent standards, as well as monitoring water quality, prosecuting offenders and issuing licenses for construction and operation of any facility. This will include generation of liquid effluent during construction of road from Civil Engineering activities or from domestic activities in workers colony. There are specific penalties for violation, which include imprisonment for responsible officials. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 empowers Central and State Pollution Control Boards for managing air quality and emission standards, as well as monitoring air quality, prosecuting offenders and issuing licenses for construction and operation of any facility. There are specific penalties for violation, which include imprisonment for responsible officials. This Act has notified National Ambient Air Quality Standard for different regions e.g. Industrial, Residential and Sensitive. Air quality during construction and operation phases will be guided by this specific act. Environment (Protection) Act, 1986: This Act was passed as an overall comprehensive act “for protection and improvement of environment”. According to this Act, the Central Government has the power to take all such measures as it deems necessary or expedient for the purpose of protecting and improving the quality of environment and preventing, controlling and abating environmental pollution. Under this act rules have been specified for discharge/emission of effluents and different standards for environmental quality. These include Ambient Noise Standard, Emission from Motor Vehicles, Mass Emission Standard for Petrol Driven Vehicles, General Effluent Standards etc. especially important for road project.

EIA Notification, 2006: The Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) notification 2006, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, came into effect from 14th September 2006. The EIA Notification, 2006 specifies the various development projects requiring prior clearance from Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF). As per Schedule of the Notification; the Highway project falls under Physical Infrastructure including Environmental Services and have been listed under item no. 7(f), including new highways or expansion of existing highways. The projects and activities under the Notification have been classified into two categories- Category A and Category B, based on the spatial extent of potential impacts on human health and natural and man made resources. The highway projects have also been classified into two categories- Category A and Category B based on the following conditions:

Category A: New National Highways and expansion of existing National Highway greater than 30 Km, involving additional RoW greater than 20 m involving land acquisition and passing through more than one state.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Introduction

Category B: All State Highway projects and State Highway expansion projects in hilly terrain (above 1000 m AMSL) and or ecologically sensitive areas. Moreover any project or activity specified in Category B will be treated as Category A if located in whole or in part with in 10 km from the boundary of: i. Protected areas notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, ii. Critically Polluted areas as notified by Central Pollution Control Board from time to time, iii. Eco sensitive areas as notified under section 3 of Environment Protection Act, 1986 such as Mahabaleshwar, Panchangi, Matheran, Pachmarhi, Dahanu, Doon Valley and iv. Inter State boundaries and international boundaries. Provided that the requirement regarding distance of 10 km of the inter-state boundaries can be reduced or completely done away with by an agreement between the respective States or U.Ts sharing the common boundary in the case the activity does not fall within 10 kilometers of the areas mentioned at item (i), (ii) and (iii) above In the present case, the proposed highway is more than 30 Kms in length. At several locations (entry and exit points; rest areas and at toll plaza) the land acquisitions is more than 20 m. Hence, as per EIA notification 2006, the proposed project falls under Category A and attracts the conditions of obtaining prior Environmental Clearance from Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF).

1.8 Fly ash Notification

According to the Notification No. S.O. 763(E), dated 14.09.1999 and its amendment thereafter on 27.08.2003 and notification S.O. 2804(E) dated 3rd November 2009 by Ministry of Environment and Forests, it is mandatory to use fly ash with in a radius of 100 kilometers of Thermal Power Plant. No agency, person or organization shall within a radius of 100 kilometer of Thermal Power Plant undertake construction or approve design for construction of roads of flyover embankments in contravention of the guidelines/ specification issued by the Indian Road Congress (IRC) as contained in IRC specification No. SP: 56 of 2001. Any deviation from this direction can only be agreed to an technical reasons if the same is approved by Chief Engineer (Design) or Engineer-in-chief of the concerned agency or organization or on production of certificate of “Pond ash not available” from the Thermal Power Plant(s) located within 100 kilometers of the site construction. This certificate shall be provided by TPP within two working days from the date of making request for fly ash.

Soil required for top or side cover of embankment of roads or flyovers shall be excavated from the embankment site and it is not possible to do so, only the minimum quantity of the soil required for the purpose shall be excavated from soil borrow area. In either case, the topsoil should be kept or stored separately. Voids created due to soil borrow area shall be filled up with ash with proper compaction and covered with top soil kept separately as mentioned above.

No agency, person or organization shall within a radius of 100 kilometers of coal or lignite based Thermal Power Plant allow reclamation and compaction of low lying areas with soil. Only pond ash shall be used for compaction. They shall also ensure that such reclamation and compaction is done in accordance with the bye-laws, regulation and specification laid down by Authorities.

All agencies undertaking construction of roads or fly over bridges including Ministry of Shipping Road Transport and Highways (MoSRTH), National Highways Authority of India (NHAI), Central Public Works Department (CPWD), State Public Works Department and other State Government Agencies, shall within three months from the 1st day of September 2003 make provision in their documents, schedules of approved materials and rates as well as technical documents; including those related to soil borrow area or pits.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Introduction

Make necessary specifications/guidelines for road or fly over embankments that are not covered by the specification laid down by the Indian Road Congress (IRC).

Three coal based thermal Power plants Namely Nellore Thermal Power Plant, Kovur and Sitapuram Power Plant at Dondapadu and Dr Narla Tata Rao Thermal Power Plant, Vijaywada fall within a radius of 100 kilometer from the proposed alignment of Nellore-Chilakaluripet section of NH-5; hence the fly ash utilization in the part of the project road is mandatory, subject to availability. In case the fly ash is used in the project, all the above mentioned provision shall be enforceable.

1.9 Summary of Statutory Clearance Requirement

The project requires a number of statutory clearances under different Acts and Rules at different stage of the project. These are listed in Table 1.2. Table 1.2: Summary of Statutory Clearance Requirement of the Project Sl. Type of Clearance Applicability Project Stage Responsibility No 1. Environmental Clearance For Prior Pre-Construction PIU, NHAI Environmental Clearance for Highway Project 2. Forest Clearance for land For acquisition of Pre Construction PIU-NHAI diversion Reserve forest land 3. Tree felling permission For roadside tree Pre construction PIU-NHAI under WALTA Act cutting 4. NOC and consents under For Highway Project Pre- Construction PIU-NHAI Air & Water Act from SPCB Alignment 5. Consent for Establishment For siting and Construction Stage (Prior The under Air and Water Act erection of stone to erection of Plants) Concessionaire from SPCB crusher and Hot Max Plants etc. 6. Consent for Operation For operating Construction Stage (Prior The under Ai and Water Act construction plant, to commencement of Concessionaire from SPCB crusher, batching Operation of Plants) plant, Hot Max Plant etc. 7. Explosive License from For storing fuel oil, Construction stage (Prior The Chief Controller of lubricants, diesel etc. to storing fuel, lubricants Concessionaire Explosives, and Diesel, etc.) 8. Permission for storage of Manufacture storage Construction stage (Prior The hazardous chemical from and Import of to initiation of any work) Concessionaire CPCB Hazardous Chemical 9. Quarry Lease Deed and Quarry operation Construction stage (Prior The Quarry License from State to initiation of Quarrying) Concessionaire Department of Mines and Geology 10. Permission for extraction of Extraction of ground Construction stage (Prior The ground water for use in water to initiation of installation Concessionaire road construction activities of Bore wells and from State Ground Water abstraction of water from board such source) 11. Permission for use of water Use of surface water Construction stage (Prior The for construction purpose for construction to initiation of abstraction Concessionaire from irrigation department of water from such source) 12. Labour license from Labour Engagement of Construction stage (Prior The Commissioner Office Labour to initiation of any work) Concessionaire

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Introduction

1.10 Structure of the Report

The present Environmental Impact Assessment Report is structured in accordance with the generic structure as prescribed under Environment Impact Assessment Notification, 2006, Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) and the content is briefed below: Chapter 1.0 Introduction: The chapter provides the introduction to the present project, identification of the project proponent, need of the project and its interventions with statutory requirements. Chapter 2.0 Project Description: It provides the details of salient features of the existing project road, details of the proposed developments – widening proposal, service roads, details of bridges, culverts, flyover, vehicular/ pedestrian underpasses, bus bays, truck lay byes, entry and exit locations, rest areas and toll plaza etc. Chapter 3.0 Analysis of Alternatives: This chapter provides detailed analysis of alternatives that has been carried out ‘with project’ or ‘without project’ scenario in terms of potential environmental impacts. Chapter 4.0 Description of the Environment: The chapter describes Baseline Environmental features within the project area in details. It includes detailing of physical environmental resources viz. (Physiography, Geology and Soils, Quarry Site and Borrow Area, Climatology details), Ecological and social & cultural resources along the project road corridor and its area of influence. The data presented in the chapter is collected from primary and secondary sources. Chapter 5.0 Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures: It deals with details of anticipated environmental impacts (both positive as well as negative) due to the proposed project and provides mitigation measures for all the identified adverse impacts during design and construction phase and operation stage of the project. Chapter 6.0 Environmental Monitoring Programme: The chapter provides the details about the Environmental Monitoring Plan in Construction Stage and in Operation Stage. The monitoring plans details out the performance indicators, monitoring parameters, standards, frequency, duration, implementation and responsibilities required for monitoring and the cost of monitoring the parameters. Chapter 7.0 Public Consultation: Provides details about the project related additional studies carried out for the project. The details of Focus Group Discussions carried out and the responses received from the people are presented in this chapter. Chapter 8.0 Project Benefits: This chapter describes Project Benefits from proposed project and includes local benefits and the wider regional or national level benefits. Chapter 9.0 Environmental Management Plan (EMP): This chapter comprises a set of environmental safeguard measures for identifies adverse impacts during different stage of the project and activities with an objective to offset or reduce adverse environmental impacts to acceptable levels. The EMP provides action plan of implementation of mitigation measures at different locations, time frame with responsibility assignments for implementing appropriate measures at appropriate time for ensuring effectiveness of the proposed safeguard measures. Adequate budgetary provisions have also been made for implementation and monitoring of the effectiveness of the suggested measures. Chapter 10.0 Summary and Conclusion: This chapter summarises the finding of the EIA study. Chapter 11.0 Accidents and Road Safety: This Chapter examines the existing scenario of the road safety and proposed safety aspects into the project. The Chapter also describes the Post Accident Emergency Assistance Plan. Chapter 12.0 Disclosure of the Consultants Involved: This chapter gives the details of consultants involved in reviewing and preparing of the report.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

CHAPTER 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Introduction

National Highway No.5 (called as “NH No. 16” vide notification S.O. 542(E) published on 05-03- 2010 in Part II, Section 3, Sub-section (ii) in the Gazette of India, Extraordinary) is a part of golden quadrilateral project and is the significant link between Kolkata and Chennai. It traverses Wast Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and Tamilnadu and connects number of major urban areas on its way viz. Kolkotta, It takes off from Baharagora (near Kolkata) and terminates at Chennai in the state of Tamilnadu after passing through major towns Bhrampur, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Bhadrak, Palsa-Kasibugga of Orissa, Tekkali, Srikakulam, Vishakhapattanam, Rajmundary, Eluru, Vijayawada, Guntur, Chilakaluripet, Ongole, Nellore in Andhra Pradesh and Chennai, the capital city of Tamilnadu. The Government of India has resolute to promotion 6500 km span of accessible 4-lane alienated highways into Six-Lane divided carriageway under Phase-V of National Highway Development project (NHDP). The Phase-V of NHDP is to be executed as BOT (Toll) Project through Public Private Partnership (PPP) on Design-Build-Finance-Operate (DBFO) model.

The present project includes widening and up-gradation of the section of NH-5 from Km 1182+802 (at Tatapudi village of Chilakaluripet Mandal in Guntur District) to Km 1366+547 (at Kovour villange of Kovur Mandal in SPSR Nellore District) from existing 4 lane to 6-lane configuration, covering a distance of 183.745 Km (old) and a new six lane Ongole bypass having a length of 10.125 Km. Its length along new ongole bypass is about 183.620km.

The National Highway Authority of India (NHAI) has selected BCEOM Societe Francaise d’Ingenierie, France in Association with BCEOM India Pvt. Limited, at present known as EGIS India Consulting Engineers Pvt Ltd., as consultants to bring out probability study for upgrading the accessible four lane highway to Six-Lane access control highway (retrofitting on the exiting alignment) from Nellore to Chilakaluripet a section of NH-5. The Consultant have completed the study and submitted the final feasibility report vide letter BCEOM/2008/6184 dated 22 July 2008. Subsequently consultants were instructed to carryout feasibility study for providing bypasses for Ongole towns and a letter to this effect (Ref: NHAI/NHDP-V/BOT (Toll)/BP/2009/65 dated 14.12.09) has been issued to the Consultants by NHAI to initiate the studies as an additional work. The proposed bypass was planned from Mukthinuthalapadu (1241+450) to Pelluru (1251+700) will connect NH-5 without disturbing of local human lives, vegetation and economics.

2.2 Need for the project

Road projects are generally undertaken to improve the economic and social welfare of those using the road or served by it. Increased road capacity and improved pavements can reduce travel times and lower the costs of vehicle use. Benefits include increased access to markets, jobs, education and health services, and reduced transport costs for both freight and passengers, reduce fuel consumption and exhaust emissions from the vehicle plying on the road.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

2.3 Project Objective

The main objective of the project is to prepare a proposal to retrofit a six-lane cross-section on to the existing 4-lane highway in a manner which ensures:

 Enhanced safety of the traffic, the road users and the people living close to the highway.  Enhanced operational efficiency of the highway.  Fulfilment of the access needs of the local population.  Minimal adverse impact on the road users and the local population due to construction. Feasible and constructible options for the project with least cost options.  This Detailed Feasibility study will be used as a planning tool for integrating objectives of sustainable development with economic growth and social development to facilitate decision-making. 2.4 Project Approach for Environmental Studies

The basic approach adopted for conducting the environmental study for the project will strongly pursue the prevailing institutional and legislative setup of the Government of India (GoI) and in conformity with NHAI policy on this subject. The main approaches are:

 Identification, appraisal and division between positive and negative impacts, direct and indirect impacts, and instant and long-term impacts likely to result from the proposed bypass;  Identification of unavoidable or irreversible impacts;  Explanation of the impacts quantitatively, in terms of environmental costs and benefits, if possible;  Characterization of the extent and quality of available data;  Identification of significant information deficiencies;  Identification as well as estimation of any uncertainties associated with predictions of impacts;  Identification of un-mitigated negative impacts;  Exploration towards the opportunities for environmental enhancement; and  Identification of feasible and cost effective mitigation measures to minimize negative impacts and enhance positive impacts by incorporating in the preliminary engineering design. 2.5 Project Location

2.5.1 Chilkaluripet to Nellore NH-5

The project highway (183.7 Km) section of NH-5 from Chilkaluripet to Nellore is a part of golden quadrilateral project in the state of Andhra Pradesh which connects capital of West Bengal, Kolkota to Capital of Tamil Nadu Chennai. The existing 4 lane road has been upgraded from old 2 Lane roads over the last five years under three construction packages AP-13, AP-12 & AP-11. It passes through Guntur, Prakasam and Nellore districts of the Andhra Pradesh. The project highway location in India and in the state of Andhra Pradesh is presented in the Figure 2.1 and Figure 2.2.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

Figure 2.1: Index Map Project Road

Project Road

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

Figure 2.2: Location Plan of Chilakaruripet-Nellore Section of NH-5

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

2.5.2 Proposed Bypass at Ongole

The proposed bypass road corridor starts from village Mukthinuthalapadu (NH-5, Ch. 1241+450) and ends at village Pelluru (NH-5, Ch.1251+700) near to Ongole town of Prakasam district. The proposed bypass road section passes through grass land, agriculture land, bushes land. It will also cross two canals and FCR Road at near NTR Colony and also cross twice the railway track to reach village Pelluru at change 1251+700 of NH-5. The total length of proposed bypass is 10.125 km. The project new bypass road section passes through coastal area of Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh. The proposed bypass location is presented in the Figure 2.3.

Figure 2.3: Location of Proposed Ongole By-Pass 2.6 Proposed Development

As stated earlier the proposed project is the part of National Highway Development project (NHDP) Phase-V and is to be developed to 6-lane configuration. The project will be executed by National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) as Public Private Partnership (PPP) ventures on DBFO (Design-Built-Finance-Operation) pattern. The project road under the proposal is from Km 1182+802 at Tatapudi village to Km 1366+547 at Kovur Village in the State of Andhra Pradesh. Under this project it is proposed to widen and upgrade the section from 4-lane to 6-lane standards along with provisions of additional facilities and services including enhancement of highway safety. The salient features of the proposed project is summarised in Table 2.1.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

Table 2.1: Salient Features of the Project Sl. Project Details No Components A. General Information 1. Location of Project From Tatapudi village of Chilakaluripet Mandal in Guntur District (Km1182+802) to Kovur Village of Kovur Mandal in SPSR Nellore District (Km1366+547) a section of NH-5 including proposed Ongole bypass from village Mukthinuthalapadu (km 1241+450) to village Pelluru (Km 1251+700) of Ongole Mandal of NH-5 2. Administrative Guntur District, Praksam District, and Nellore District, locations 3. State Andhra Pradesh 4. Length of the Main alignment in Proposed Project road Guntur District = 1.079 Km Prakasam District = 123.894 Km which includes Ongole Bypass 10.125km Nellore District = 58.647 Total = 183.620 km 5. Terrain Virtually all plain 6. Major Settlement Marturu, Muppavaram, Medarametla, Kavali, Ongole, Maddipadu, along the Project Kouvur Stretch 7. Rivers Guntur District=Palamadugu Nalla Prakasam District= Gundalakamma River, Mudigandi River, Musi River, Paleru River, Maneru River, Chillavagu Nellore District: Pillavagu Nallah, Pyderu Nallah All these rivers are rainfed in nature 8. Ponds/Tanks 7 No in directly affected area(i.e. within proposed ROW) Guntur District: Nil Prakasam District: 5 Nellore District: 2 9. Forest area The project stretch encounters Reserve Forests at 6 locations along the project stretch. These Reserve Forests are: Guntur District: Nil Prakasam District: Mocherla RF, Mocheral Chalamchatla RF, Chevuru RF Nellore District: Rudrakota RF, Bitragunta RF, & Kothapalli RF However, it is decided to form 6-lanes within the existing ROW in the section where reserved forest is located to avoid diversion of forest land into non-forestry purpose. B. Other Salient Features Sl. Items Existing Proposed No. 1. ROW 40m to 60m 66m in rural areas and 50m in urban areas Ongole bypass:- 80 m 2. Existing 23 m (4 lane divided carriage Main Section : 30 m Carriageway way width of 7.25 m each + Ongole bypass:- 22 m (1.5 m paved shoulder on either side+ 1m earthen shoulder + 4.5 median width) 3. Design Speed 80- 100 km / hr. 100 km / hr.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

Sl. Items Existing Proposed No. 4. Major Bridge 22 No’s (LHS & RHS separate) Main Section : a) Retained without widening=12 nos. b) New 2 lane bridge parallel to existing=6 nos. c) Widened=3 nos. d) Only wing walls to be provided=1 Ongole Bypass: 6 Lane Major Bridge: - 01 No’s. 5. No. of Minor 108 No’s Main Section : Total: 108 Nos Retained: - Bridge 56No’s; Replace with new 3 Lane bridge: - 03 & Widened to 3 Lane: - 34. New Bridge : 11 (10 on Service road: 1 a bridge parallel to existing Bridge) Ongole Bypass: New 6 lane Minor Bridge:- 4 No’s (2 for main alignment of Ongole Bypass and 2 for Service road for Ongole Bypass) Total number: 112 6. ROB Main Section : 06 No’s Main Section : Retained without widening:- 03 No’s LHS Replace with new 3 Lane ROB:- 01 No’s RHS Ongole Bypass: :- 2 No’s LHS & 2 No’s RHS 7. No. of Culverts Main Section : 586 No’s Main Section : Widened to 3 Lane : 536 No’s; Replace with new 3 Lane culvert :- 54 No’s & New culvert added :- 16. Ongole Bypass:- 12 No’s LHS & 12 No’s RHS 8. Vehicular Prakasam District= 1 Prakasam District = 15 New Underpass Nellore District = Nil Nellore District = 1 old + 9 New Total = 1 Old + 24 New 9. Pedestrian/Cattle Prakasam District= 2 (at Prakasam District = 11New Underpass Timmapalem; Nellore District = 1Old+ 10 New Nellore District = Nil Total = 1 Old +21 New 10. Flyovers Main Section : Nil Total = 4 Nos. Guntur District: Nil Prakasam District: 4 (2 on main alignment + 2 on Proposed Ongole Bypass) Nellore District : Nil 11. Bus Prakasam District = 58 Prakasam District = 58 + New 86 Bays/Shelters Nellore District = 34 Nellore District =34 + New 40 Total = 92 Total = 92 + New 126 12. Truck Lay byes 6 (3LHS;3 RHS) Prakasam District=4(2LHS;2 RHS) cum Rest Areas Nellore District =2 (2LHS;2 RHS) 13. Toll Plaza 3 No (Km 1200 at Bollapalli; 3 No (Km 1200 (Bollapalli), Km 1264 Km 1264 Near Tangutur & Km (Tangutur) & Km 1326. (Musunuru). 1344.45 at Sunnambatti) 14. Bypass/ Re- Prakasam District = 5 Nos. Prakasam District alignments w.r.t. 2 lane road Proposed New Ongole bypass on eastern (Mederamitla Bypass, Ongole side of Ongole town old Bypass, Tangutur Bypass,

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

Sl. Items Existing Proposed No. Singaryakonda Bypass, Ulvapalem Bypass) Nellore District = 2 Nos. w.r.t. 2 lane road (Kavali Bypass, Rajupalem Bypass) 15. Street Light -Nil Prakasam District= 25 locations (22.470 Km) Nellore District = 10 locations (8.240Km) Total = 35 locations Total 31.610 Km 16. High Mast Light Nil Prakasam District: 6 (4 on main alignment, 2 locations on Ongole Byepass) At Bollapalli Toll plaza, Medarametla / Addanki Jn. Chirala Jn., Start and End of Ongole Bypass and Tangaturu Toll Plaza Nellore District: at 1 Location at Masunuru Toll Plaza 17. Service Road Guntur District: Nil Additional Service Road at 115 Locations Prakasam District: 10 Guntur District = Nil locations Covering 13.260 Km Prakasam District=74(27.446 Km) Nellore District: Nil Nellore District= 41 (14.884Km) Total = 84.66 Km on either side 18. Wayside Amenity 1 No’s Guntur District = Nil Centres Prakasam District= 4 locations Nellore District = 2 locations 19. Crash Barrier - Total at 86 Locations Prakasam District= 53 locations Nellore District = 33 locations 20 Construction Rs. 1,002.24 Crores for Main Section Cost of the 231.08 Ongole Bypass Project Total = 1,233.32 crores 14. Bypass/ Re- Prakasam District = 5 Nos. Prakasam District alignments w.r.t. 2 lane road Proposed New Ongole bypass on eastern (Mederamitla Bypass, Ongole side of Ongole town old Bypass, Tangutur Bypass, Singaryakonda Bypass, Ulvapalem Bypass) Nellore District = 2 Nos. w.r.t. 2 lane road (Kavali Bypass, Rajupalem Bypass) 15. Street Light -Nil Prakasam District= 25 locations (22.470 Km) Nellore District = 10 locations (8.240Km) Total = 35 locations Total 31.610 Km 16. High Mast Light Nil Prakasam District: 6 (4 on main alignment, 2 locations on Ongole Byepass) At Bollapalli Toll plaza, Medarametla / Addanki Jn. Chirala Jn., Start and End of Ongole Bypass and Tangaturu Toll Plaza Nellore District: at 1 Location at Masunuru

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

Sl. Items Existing Proposed No. Toll Plaza 17. Service Road Guntur District: Nil Additional Service Road at 115 Locations Prakasam District: 10 Guntur District = Nil locations Covering 13.260 Km Prakasam District=74(27.446 Km) Nellore District: Nil Nellore District= 41 (14.884Km) Total = 84.66 Km on either side 18. Wayside Amenity 1 No’s Guntur District = Nil Centres Prakasam District= 4 locations Nellore District = 2 locations 19. Crash Barrier - Total at 86 Locations Prakasam District= 53 locations Nellore District = 33 locations 20 Construction Rs. 1,002.24 Crores for Main Section Cost of the 231.08 Ongole Bypass Project Total = 1,233.32 crores

2.7 Existing Scenario & proposed Plan for Project

2.7.1 Chilkaluripet to Nellore NH-5 Section

The NH-5 follows different chainage systems from Chennai to Kolkota i.e. starting point at Chennai, Vjayawada etc. The NHAI has issued a circular stating that new chainage for NH-5 will start from the Baharagora (near Kolkata) to Chennai under Golden Quadrilateral project. There was some chainage equations developed at the time of 4 lane construction due to construction of the bypasses along the project highway. For easy reference the chainage equations along the project highway is given in Table 2.2.

Table 2.2: Chainage Details Package Section Chainage Length Type From To (km) AP-11 Nellore - As Built Chainage 178+200 222+000 43.8 Kavali New Chainage 1366+547.143 1322+750.143 AP-12 Kavali - As Built Chainage 222+000 291+000 72.0 Ongole New Chainage 1322+750.143 1250+691.149

AP-13 Ongole - As Built Chainage 291+000 358+000 67.8 Chilakaluripet New Chainage 1250+691.149 1182+802.339

Total length (Km) 183.6

2.7.2 Proposed Ongole Bypass section

The widening of the existing old 4 lane Ongole bypass to six laning would involve significant land acquisition and demolition of existing properties along the highway. Moreover, the presence of about 540m elevated 4-lane viaduct adds to technical complexity in widening or proposing a new elevated section. There were many representations in the past from local public to provide a

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

bypass for Ongole. The Proposed Bypass is on the eastern side of existing NH-5 taking off at KM 1241+450, Crossing Railway line twice, passes through green fields and ends at Km 1251+700 of NH-5. The total length of bypass is 10.125 Km.

2.7.3 Right of Way (ROW)

The available Right of Way (RoW) for the existing 4 lane road is varying between 40m to 60m, the minimum range is applicable through some sections where in the previous 4 laning contract the land acquisition was done only up to limits. Hence, in places where the currently proposed ROW is 66m in rural areas and 50m in urban areas, further acquisition is required for 6-laning with service roads. In the case of proposed bypass at Ongole, it is proposed to have 80m RoW. As per the preliminary design, the proposed Right of Way (RoW) for the new by-pass road is varying between 80m to 84m. As the proposed by-pass is entirely new, the land acquisition is to be done all along the project road. At chainage 9+915 the proposed RoW is 150m. In addition to this there is one existing connectivity road (Gravel Road) at chainage 0+700 where the proposed RoW is 30m. Hence, as the proposed by-pass is entirely new land acquisition is required all along the project road.

2.7.4 Additional Land Requirement for Widening

A total area of 270.97 Ha of land will be required for acquisition to accommodate proposed widening beyond existing ROW. The area includes 186.02 Ha for main alignment and 84.95 Ha for proposed Ongole Bypass.

Out of the total land acquisition only marginal land area of 0.5619 Ha will be needed from Guntur District, whereas from Prakasam District the total land requirement for acquisition is 197.15 ha (112.19 Ha for main alignment and 84.95 Ha for proposed Ongole Bypass) and the same from Nellore District is 73.26 Ha. The village wise breakup of the land requirement is given in Annexure-2.1.

2.7.5 Traffic Scenario The traffic volume count data collected has been analysed to assess the traffic intensity in various homogeneous sections of the corridor. The Average Daily Traffic (ADT) in base year 2007 minimum is 7077 vehicles (15285 PCU) in section Chilakaluripet – Medarametla and maximum is 11479 vehicles (23999 PCU) in Ongole-Kavali sections. The share of non motorised vehicles is very less (maximum being 2.1%), whereas the share of tollable traffic is about 70% and in terms of numbers, this vary between 5300 vehicles and 7970 vehicles The peak hour traffic as a percentage of ADT vary between 5.5% to 7% indicating fairly uniform distribution of traffic over the day. Table 2.3 presents the summary of Average Daily Traffic at all the four traffic homogeneous sections. Following are the salient findings:

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

Table 2.3: Average Daily Traffic at Traffic Homogeneous Sections S. No. Traffic Count Station Location AADT Vehicles PCU’s 1 Chilakaluripet - Medarametla Bollapalli 7077 15285 2 Medarametla – Ongole Medarametla 10345 21790 3 Ongole – Kavali Tanguturu 11479 23999 4 Kavali - Nellore Musnuru 10602 22732 2.7.5.1 Travel Pattern

Little over 4000 vehicles (>11300PCU) pass through the entire corridor, which is 70% of the total traffic in Chilakaluripet-Medarametla Section & 44-49% in other sections. Over 15200 PCU (5400 vehicles) is the traffic that is through to Medarametla-Nellore Section of the corridor (travelling 148km out of the total 182 Km) which is about 70% of the total corridor length. Medarametla is the major diversion point on the project corridor with over 2000 freight vehicles getting off at this location. The tollable traffic that would be using only one section or part thereof is generally less than 5% except in Ongole-Kavali section where it is 11% (this however does not include traffic diversion taking place at Medarametla. The estimated by passable traffic to Ongole city is about 5900 vehicles (about 15900PCU) for recommended option of bypass alignment.

2.7.5.2 Traffic Growth rates

The traffic growth rates adopted for the project highway are finalized based on the past trend analysis and analysis of the economic indicators of the project influence area and presented in Table 2.4.

Table 2.4: Proposed Traffic Growth Rate (%) for Different types of Vehicles < = 2011- Vehicle Type 2016-2020 > 2020 2010 2015 2 Wheelers 6.1 5.1 4.4 4.4 Car 6.6 5.6 4.9 4.4 Bus 5.5 4.6 3.9 3.5 LCV/ 2 Axle Truck 6.5 6.0 5.0 4.0 Multi Axle Truck 7.2 6.6 5.5 4.5 2.7.5.3 Traffic Projection

The total traffic on the project highway will be the sum of normal traffic, diverted traffic and generated traffic. The total estimated traffic on the traffic homogeneous sections and proposed Ongole bypass are projected with respect to adopted traffic growth rates and presented in Table 2.5.

Table 2.5: Projected Traffic at the Homogeneous Traffic Sections Car/ Mini 3 Total Vehicles (in Nos.) Total Vehicles (in PCUs) Bus/ Year Jeep/ Bus/ Axle MAV Tolla Non- Tolla Non- Truck Total Total Van LCV Truck ble Tollable ble Tollable Chilakaluripet-Medarametla Section 2010 1439 552 2051 2288 415 6745 2026 8771 17152 1979 19131 2015 1883 707 2611 3005 544 8750 2456 11206 22240 2300 24540 2020 2384 875 3216 3817 691 10983 2910 13893 27905 2634 30539 2025 2941 1040 3821 4644 841 13287 3467 16754 33681 3038 36719

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

Car/ Mini 3 Total Vehicles (in Nos.) Total Vehicles (in PCUs) Bus/ Year Jeep/ Bus/ Axle MAV Tolla Non- Tolla Non- Truck Total Total Van LCV Truck ble Tollable ble Tollable 2030 3627 1235 4538 5650 1024 16074 4142 20216 40652 3508 44160 2035 4475 1467 5389 6874 1245 19450 4966 24416 49067 4070 53137 2040 5523 1742 6401 8364 1514 23544 5975 29519 59244 4744 63988 Medarametla-Ongole Section 2010 1777 608 2923 3416 567 9291 3499 12790 24258 3038 27296 2015 2325 779 3721 4486 745 12056 4280 16336 31467 3568 35035 2020 2944 966 4583 5698 946 15137 5114 20251 39493 4126 43619 2025 3627 1147 5443 6932 1151 18300 6132 24432 47652 4791 52443 2030 4472 1363 6464 8434 1401 22134 7375 29509 57515 5583 63098 2035 5515 1619 7677 10261 1704 26776 8899 35675 69426 6534 75960 2040 6802 1922 9118 12485 2073 32400 10769 43169 83823 7686 91509 Ongole-Kavali Section 2010 1880 757 3213 3615 684 10149 4067 14216 26578 3517 30095 2015 2463 969 4088 4748 899 13167 5031 18198 34470 4163 38633 2020 3122 1202 5031 6031 1142 16528 6073 22601 43250 4858 48108 2025 3856 1427 5975 7337 1389 19984 7345 27329 52183 5682 57865 2030 4763 1695 7097 8927 1690 24172 8913 33085 62983 6687 69670 2035 5886 2013 8430 10861 2056 29246 10831 40077 76031 7877 83908 2040 7273 2390 10012 13214 2502 35391 13195 48586 91795 9331 101126 Proposed Ongole Bypass 2010 791 589 1818 3289 666 7153 181 7334 19992 352 20344 2015 1039 788 2433 4527 916 9704 200 9903 27225 389 27614 2020 1320 1005 3106 5917 1197 12545 215 12759 35283 403 35687 2025 1637 1222 3778 7374 1492 15504 231 15735 43642 419 44061 2030 2030 1486 4597 9189 1859 19163 250 19412 53986 437 54424 2035 2518 1808 5593 11451 2317 23688 270 23958 66791 457 67248 2040 3123 2199 6805 14271 2888 29285 292 29578 82643 479 83121 Kavali-Nellore Section 2010 2031 800 3190 3368 722 10111 3019 13130 26154 2437 28591 2015 2658 1025 4064 4423 949 13119 3649 16768 33927 2851 36778 2020 3366 1270 5010 5618 1205 16469 4332 20801 42578 3297 45875 2025 4151 1509 5949 6835 1466 19910 5164 25074 51364 3832 55196 2030 5120 1792 7066 8316 1784 24078 6173 30251 61982 4471 66453 2035 6316 2129 8392 10118 2171 29126 7402 36528 74809 5233 80042 2040 7794 2528 9966 12310 2641 35239 8897 44136 90299 6141 96440

2.7.6 Pedestrian Flow

There are quite a few major settlements along the project corridor where considerably high pedestrians cross the highway. Pedestrian survey was conducted at major settlement area. The summary of pedestrian flows at important locations is presented in Table 2.6 below.

Table 2.6: Pedestrian Flows across Highway Location 12 Hour Flows Peak Hour Flows PV2 (1 X 108) Muppavaram 1598 213 0.6 Gowravaram 5089 591 3.6 Konanki 2250 355 0.9

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

Marturu 13408 1303 3.4 Valluramma Devasthanam 3687 470 3.3 Narnevaripalem 4233 467 1.6

2.7.7 Service Roads

The service roads exist at only few locations in the stretch extending in Prakasam district covering a total length of 13.260 Km. In order to make the project road access control and ascertaining the safety of local traffic and people additional servicer roads have been provided at 115 locations covering a total length of 84.66 Km on either side. The lists of existing and proposed service roads are presented in Annexure-2.2.

2.7.8 Vehicular/Pedestrian Underpasses

It is proposed to provide a total number of 23 new vehicular/ pedestrian underpasses and at different locations wherever settlement areas are coming along the project corridor. 1 vehicular underpass has been proposed at proposed Ongole bypass. 1 existing vehicular underpass located at Km 1320/3 and 1 Pedestrian/Cattle Underpasses will be retained. The newly proposed vehicular underpasses and pedestrian/cattle underpasses are given in Table 2.7.

Table 2.7: Proposed Vehicular Underpasses and Pedestrian/Cattle Underpasses Minimum S. Chainage Span Total width* Vertical Remark No km arrangement (m) Clearance (m) 1 1188.290 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Martur Town 2 1195.855 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Konanki 3 1202.040 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Narnivanipalem 4 1204.900 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Muppavaram 5 1209.620 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Renangivaram 6 1227.000 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Gullapalli 7 1231.503 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Maddipadu 8 1260.275 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Sorareddypalem Industrial 9 1264.648 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Tangaturu Bypass 10 1266.195 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Tangaturu Bypass 11 1267.400 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Tangaturu Bypass 12 1273.700 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Singarayakonda Bypass Kandukuru road, 13 1278.087 1x20m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Singarayakonda Bypass 14 1280.185 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Singarayakonda Bypass 15 1309.950 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Rudrakota 16 1313.811 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Kavalai bypass 17 1323.950 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Kavalai bypass 18 1336.620 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Bogollu 19 1345.980 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Sunambhatti 20 1356.825 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Naidupalem 21 1358.950 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Rajupalem Byapss 22 1360.460 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Rajupalem Byapss 23 1366.200 1x20m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Nellore Bypass New Vehicular Underpass for Ongole Bypass

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

24 5.760 1x12m 5.0 2 x 13.50m Ongole Bypass

Vehicular Underpass to be retained Structure S. No. / Location Repair and Rehabilitation Measures No Chainage Repair damaged wearing coat, drainage spout gratings missing, 1 1320/3 LHS & RHS repair approach slab settlement

New Pedestrian/Cattle Underpasses Minimum S. Chainage Span Total width* Vertical Remark No km arrangement (m) Clearance (m) 1 1193.680 1x7.5m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Darshiagraharam 2 1207.380 1x7.5m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Jagarla Muduvaripalem 3 1215.020 1x7.5m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Korisepadu 4 1238.650 1x7.5m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Yendukondlapadu 5 1252.664 1x7.5m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Pelluru 6 1256.200 1x7.5m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Valluramma 7 1270.900 1x7.5m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Bitragunta 8 1288.120 1x7.5m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Kollurupadu 9 1297.492 1x7.5m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Veerapalli 10 1301.522 1x7.5m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Tettu (Ramayapatnam) 11 1305.817 1x7.5m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Ravuru 12 1311.900 1x7.5m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Maddurupadu 13 1322.000 1x7.5m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Musnur 14 1328.890 1x12m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Gauravaram 15 1333.265 1x12m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Kadanutala 16 1334.750 1x12m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Kadanutala 17 1340.650 1x7.5m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Ulavapadu 18 1350.315 1x7.5m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Racharlapadu 19 1353.500 1x12m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Regadichilaka 20 1355.713 1x7.5m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Buddavaripalem 21 1365.300 1x7.5m 3.5 2 x 13.50m Kovuru Bus Stand Pedestrian/Cattle Underpasses to be retained S. Structure No. / Location Repair and Rehabilitation Measures No Chainage 1224/1 LHS & 1 Provide boulder pitching on earth fill around abutments 1223+121 RHS

2.7.9 Cart Tracks

Apart from vehicular underpasses and pedestrian underpasses, 3 m wide cart tracks have been proposed for Ongole Bypass in order to facilitate the movement of cart across the highway section. The location of cart tracks for Ongole Bypass has been listed in Table 2.8.

Table 2.8: Cart Tracks for Ongole Bypass Chainage(km) Width (m) Length (km) 1.020 2.960 3 1.940 2.960 3.200 3 0.240

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

3.740 4.020 3 0.280 4.020 4.790 3 0.770 4.910 5.460 3 0.550 6.020 7.605 3 1.585 7.625 8.260 3 0.635 8.260 8.660 3 0.400 9.240 9.600 3 0.360 One side length of Cart Track 6.76 Both side length of Cart Track 13.52

2.7.10 Bridges

There are of 22 Major Bridges (Total length > 60.0 m), 108 Minor Bridges (6.0 m < Total Length <60.0m), 6 ROBs, 4 underpasses/ cattle crossings and 586 culverts on the project road. At few locations culverts have been provided for service roads. All the numbers of structures mentioned above are for individual 2/3–lane carriageways. Palleru Bridge is the longest bridge on the project road. 12 Number of bridges will be retained without widening, whereas 3 bridges will be widened to 3-lane whereas for remaining 6 bridge locations additional 2-lane bridges are proposed in the project. Apart from these one new 6-lane Major Bridge has been proposed on new Ongole bypass.

There are 108 numbers of existing minor bridges in the project. Out of 108, 56 minor bridges will be retained, 3 will be replaced with new 3 Lane bridge and 34 minor bridges will be widened to 3 lane. It has been proposed to construct 11 new bridges (10 on Service road and 1 a bridge parallel to existing Bridge).On proposed Ongole bypass construction of 4 new minor bridges have been proposed 2 on main alignment and 2 on service roads.

2.7.11 Rail Over Bridge (ROB)

There are 4 Rail over Bridge exist in the project stretch. Out of these 3 will be retained with repairs whereas one ROB will be replaced. 2 new ROBs have been proposed on new Ongole bypass. The details of ROB are given in Annexure-2.3.

2.7.12 Culverts

There are 586 culverts along the entire project road out of which 54 numbers of culverts will be replaced with new 3-lane culverts, 536 culverts will be widened to 3-lane and a total number of 16 additional culverts will be provided in the main section. 2 new culverts have been proposed for new Ongole bypass.

2.7.13 Toll Plazas

Existing Toll plazas

There are three toll plazas along the project corridor. The details of the existing toll plazas are given in Table 2.9.

Table 2.9: Existing Toll Plazas S. Chainage Toll Section Remarks No. Km 1182.802 to Km 1253.75 1 Km 1200 Bollapalli Chilakaluripet – Ongole (70.948km) 2 Km 1264 Km 1253.75 to Km 1322.750 (69km) Ongole – Kavali

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

S. Chainage Toll Section Remarks No. Near Tangutur Km 1344.45 3 Km 1322.750 to Km 1383.713 (61km*) Kavali - Nellore Sunnambatti** Proposed Toll Plaza Locations The current project length is about 183.7km and going by the norm of one toll plaza in every 60- 80km the appropriate number of toll plazas works out to 2-3. However, considering the location of major towns and travel pattern along the corridor 4 toll plazas would be required. If 4 toll plazas are planned, the spacing of toll plazas will be reduced as two toll plazas are required to be placed in Chilakaluripet-Ongole section (70km) itself (considering the travel pattern). Thus the number toll plazas cannot be more than 3. This leaves with the option of placing one toll plaza each in the following sections:

 Chilakaluripet – Ongole (includes the Ongole Bypass section)  Ongole – Kavali  Kavali - Nellore

The recommended locations for toll plaza and tolling sections are presented in Table 2.10. Table 2.10: Proposed Toll Plaza Locations S. Tolling Tolling Section Location Inter-Toll Toll Lanes Remarks No. Section Length, km Plaza Distance, Km 1 Chilakaluripet 60.695 and Km 1200 80.4 6+6 Lanes Existing – Ongole Ongole bypass of (Bollapalli) Location length 10.125 Km 2 Ongole – 69.0 Km 1264, 64 6+6 Lanes Existing Kavali Tangutur Location 3 Kavali – 43.8 Km 1326 62 6+6 Lanes New Nellore (Masnuru) Location

2.7.14 Facilities and Services to the Users Bus Bays

There are as many as 92 bus bay and bus bays with shelters exist along the project highway for the safety of Pedestrian movement. It is also felt that a few more bus bays with shelters are required at some places. All these bus bays will be utilized for widening into 6-lane and new bus bays will be constructed on the outer side of the proposed service lane near the existing locations. A total number of 126 new Bus Bays with Shelters have been proposed at different locations. The list of those proposed bus bays with shelters is presented in Annexure 2.4.

Truck Lay byes cum Rest Areas

At present no truck laybyes is provided in the project stretch. New Truck laybyes cum rest areas has been proposed at the 3 locations, the details of which are given in Table 2.11 along the project corridor.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

Table 2.11: Truck Lay-Bys cum Rest Area S. No. Chainage (Km) LHS Chainage (Km) RHS Prakasam District 1 1185.430 1185.050 2 1256.170 1264.560 Nellore District 3 1329.510 1331.170

Wayside Amenities

For the road user, wayside amenities such as drinking water, telephone booths, bus shelters and road side rest areas are of value. The industrialisation and socio-economic development has increased the use of telephones. Telephone booths are often available in urban areas but their provision along highway would also be beneficial. Road side rest areas are essential for long distance road travellers of main highway. Long distance journey’s cause driver fatigue resulting in poor driving and increase in driver reaction time. In India such services are starting to be provided but more are needed. To promote safer driving, drivers should be encouraged to have adequate rest when they feel tired. The existing wayside amenity centres and proposed new wayside amenities location are given below (Table 2.12).

Table 2.12: Proposed Wayside Amenity locations S. No. LHS RHS Prakasam District 1 1185430 1185050 2 1256170 1264560 Nellore District 3 1329510 1331170 Street Lighting

The number of urban and habituated area is along the project highway. At present no street lights have been provided on the highways section in this stretch. The street light has been proposed along the town/ villages for safe movement of traffic on the service road. The proper lighting has been proposed at all Pedestrian Subway & Underpass, Vehicular Underpasses.

The all entry exit ramps along the project highway should be properly lighted. The lighting system has been proposed at all the bus shelters and the rest area. Table 2.13 depicts the proposed location of street lighting provision in the project stretch.

Table 2.13: Proposed Locations of Street lighting Locations of Street lighting S. Chainage Village/town Name Length (m) No. From To 1 Marturu 1185.8 1192 6200 2 Konanki 1195.4 1196.6 1200 3 Muppavaram 1204.2 1205.6 1400 4 Jagarlamudivaripalem 1207.38 1207.7 320 5 Redangivaram 1208.6 1209.7 1100 6 Korispadu 1214.3 1214.7 400 7 Thimmanapalem 1223 1224 1000 8 Gullapalli 1226.5 1227.8 1300

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

9 Maddipadu 1230.4 1232.7 2300 10 Kostalu 1233.4 1234.2 800 11 Yedugutlapadu 1240.5 1241.45 950 Start of Ongole Bypass 12 Flyover/VUP 0.68 0.78 100 13 PUP 2.96 3.06 100 14 VUP 5.71 5.81 100 15 PUP 8.16 8.26 100 16 Flyover 9.71 9.81 100 End of Proposed Bypass 17 Pelluru 1252.2 1253.1 900 18 Valluru 1256.4 1256.7 300 19 Sorareddypalem 1257.5 1257.8 300 20 Kalika Bitragunta 1270.3 1271 700 21 Karadu 1283.7 1284.1 400 22 Chagallu 1294.6 1294.9 300 23 Mocharla 1300.2 1300.8 600 24 Tettu 1301.4 1302.4 1000 25 Ravuru 1304.2 1304.7 500 26 Maddurupadu 1311.8 1313.5 1700 27 Gauravaram 1328.5 1329.3 800 28 Kadumetla 1332.9 1333.7 800 29 Bogollu 1336.3 1337.1 800 30 Ullavapadu 1340 1340.6 600 31 Sunnabhatti 1345.8 1346.6 800 32 Racharlapadu 1350.1 1350.5 400 33 Regadachilaka 1353 1354.3 1300 34 Boddavaripalem 1355.08 1355.42 340 35 Naidupalem 1356.8 1357.5 700 Total Length (m) 31610

Highway Lighting

The High mast lighting has been proposed at the following location along the project highway:

Table 2.14: Proposed Locations of Highway Lighting

S. No. Chainage Location

1 1200.000 Bollapalli Toll plaza

2 1218.100 Medarametla / Addanki Jn. \ 3 1240.000 Chirala Jn.

Start of Proposed Ongole Bypass

4 0150.000 Ongole City outskirts(Bypass start)

5 0975.000 Ongole City outskirts(Bypass End)

End of Proposed Ongole Bypass

6 1264.000 Tangaturu Toll Plaza 7 1326.000 Masunuru Toll Plaza

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

Pedestrian Guard Railing

The pedestrian guard railing between the service road and the main carriageway has been proposed along the urban sections and the villages/towns area along the project highway for the safe movement of the pedestrian traffic. The railing is not required along the length of villages where the underpasses have been proposed.

The pedestrian guard rails has been proposed between the nearest at grade junction and the bus stop for the safe movement of the pedestrian traffic. Table 2.15 presents the locations of proposed guard railing in the project stretch.

Table 2.15: Proposed Locations of Pedestrian Guard Railing

Chainage (km) S. No. Length (m) From To Prakasam District 1 1185.800 1187.860 2060 2 1188.720 1193.000 4280 3 1195.450 1195.618 168 4 1196.093 1196.250 157 5 1204.000 1204.651 651 6 1230.750 1231.254 504 7 1231.752 1232.260 508 8 1239.500 1239.763 263 9 1252.300 1252.458 158 10 1252.870 1253.000 130 11 1256.406 1257.000 594 Nellore District 12 1312.106 1313.574 1468 13 1328.400 1328.653 253 14 1329.128 1329.400 272 One side length 11466 Both side length 22932

Crash Barrier

About 21km of concrete crash barrier exists as Service Road and main carriageway separator or at bridge approaches. The metal beam crash barrier exists at high embankment and bridge locations for a length of 19km.

The W beam/ concrete safety barrier has been proposed along the project highway at following locations:

 Where the embankment height is 3m or more  Where the embankment is retained by retaining structure  Where the median is less than 4.5m  Both side approach for the Minor & Major Bridges  At sharp horizontal curves locations

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

2.7.15 Traffic Sign and Pavement Marking

The gantry sign mounted on post indicating the village name and the important road it would lead to at all exit locations. The position of these signs should meet the requirement of the IRC 67 and Manual for six laning. The pavement marking along the project highway should meet the requirement of the IRC 35 and Manual for six laning. The proper zebra marking has been proposed at the Underpass locations for safe crossing of the pedestrian traffic. The safety features such as delineators, cat’s eyes, hazard markers and safety barrier at hazardous locations has been proposed on the project highway.

2.8 Typical Cross Section:

The proposed ROW is 66m in rural section where as 45 m in urban builtup areas. At number of places service lanes, crass barriers have been provided. Based on widening proposal and facilities typical cross sections have been developed to depict the proposed widening at different locations. In all the 6 Reserved forest pockets which are located adjacent to the existing ROW, it has been proposed to widened the highway section within available ROW by providing retaining wall/ toewalls. Typical cross sections have been given below as Figure 2.4a, 2.4b, 2.4c, 2.4d, 2.4e.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

Figure 2.4 a: Typical Cross Section

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

Figure 2.4 b: Typical Cross Section

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

Figure 2.4 c: Typical Cross Section

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

Proposed Cross Section of 6-Lane Carriageway Type-1 with toe wall in Forest Section where sufficient ROW is not available

Figure 2.4d: Typical Cross Section in Reserved Forest Section

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description

Proposed Cross Section of 6-Lane Carriageway Type-1 with 2.4m high fencing and RCC retaining wall in Forest Section where sufficient ROW is not available

Figure 2.4e: Typical Cross Section in Reserved Forest Section

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description (Annexure 2.1)

ANNEXURE-2.1

VILLAGEWISE AND DISTRICTWISE LAND AREA TO BE ACQUIRED WITHIN PROPOSED ROW THE PROJECT A. Main Alignment

S.NO NAME OF VILLAGE NAME OF AREA OWNERSHIP (in Sqmts) TALUK REQUIRED PRIVATE GOVERNMENT (in Sqmts) DISTRICT - GUNTUR 1 Tatipudi Chilakaluripet 4612 3155 1457 2 Murikipudi 1007 567 440 TOTAL LAND IN SQ. MTS 5619 3722 1897 TOTAL LAND IN Ha 0.5619 0.3722 0.1897 DISTRICT - PRAKASAM 1 Rajupalem Marturu 11516.56 10969.60 546.96 2 Marturu 17554.44 16125.36 1429.08 3 Zonnatali 2752.64 2752.64 0 4 Isuka Darsi 20236.40 16370.32 3866.08 5 Konanki 23336.72 20928.16 2408.56 6 Lakkavaram 3157.44 3157.44 0 7 Bollapalli 14066.80 9877.12 4189.68 8 Kondamanjuluru J. Pangulur 29734.44 25767.40 3967.04 9 Baitamanjuluru 15382.40 12611.56 2770.84 10 Muppavaram 22710.72 15236.32 7474.4 11 Renangivaram 30086.76 25816.12 4270.64 12 Alavalapadu 11071.28 10241.44 829.84 13 Pichikulagudipadu 33344.23 24560.07 8784.16 14 Kondamur 19470.88 8228.32 11242.56 15 Addanki Korisapadu 2712.16 1862.08 850.08 16 Korisipadu Addanki 7956.92 7289.00 667.92 17 Bodduvaripalem Korisapadu 52330.52 38911.40 13419.12 18 Gundlapalli 66286.92 65174.92 1112 20 Maddipadu Maddipadu 29035.80 25273.36 3762.44 21 Seetharamapuram 22992.64 22709.28 283.36 22 Doddavarppadu 33203.72 30855.84 2347.88 23 Edugundlapadu 65467.96 61824.76 3643.2 24 Valluru Tangutur 42382.56 36189.12 6193.44 25 Thurpu Naidu palem 2995.52 2104.96 890.56 26 Valluru Kavali Manyam 3177.68 2894.32 283.36 27 Tanguturu 45904.68 35157.24 10747.44 28 Vaviletipadu Jarugumalli 7626.08 6371.20 1254.88 29 Bitragunta 41382.36 37298.60 4083.76 30 Kalikivaya Singarayakonda 6254.16 4371.84 1882.32 31 Mulaguntapadu 30862.64 23920.32 6942.32 32 Konumalla 15058.56 14086.04 972.52 33 Somarajupalli 3177.68 445.28 2732.4

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description (Annexure 2.1)

S.NO NAME OF VILLAGE NAME OF AREA OWNERSHIP (in Sqmts) TALUK REQUIRED PRIVATE GOVERNMENT (in Sqmts) 34 Singarayakonda Singarayakonda 37636.88 21853.08 15783.8 35 Karedu Ulavapadu 91120.48 89815.92 1304.56 36 Kollurupadurajupalem 82988.40 47689.82 35298.58 37 Chagollu 36023.20 29951.20 6072 38 Veerepalli 18944.64 14775.20 4169.44 39 Mocherla Gudlur 89624.60 35796.32 53828.28 40 Chevuru 32386.92 4621.40 27765.52 TOTAL LAND IN SQ. MTS 1121955.4 863884.4 258071.0 TOTAL LAND IN Ha 112.1955 86.3884 25.8071 DISTRICT - SPSR NELLORE 1 Rudrakota Kavali 42527 6814 35713 2 Musurnuru 36233 32073 4160 Kavali Bit-II 22687 11808 10879 3 Kavali Bit-I 26114 23649 2495 4 Maddurupadu 13736 6696 7040 5 Gowravaram 56082 35787 20295 6 Allimadugu Bogole 29652 18595 11057 7 Kovurupalli 33761 10200 23561 8 Bogole 21580 6612 14968 9 Ulavapalla Dagadarti 41524 11258 30266 10 Ananthavaram 30433 15777 14656 11 Kottapalli Kavuragunta 111491 51918 59573 12 Talamanchi Kodavalur 121008 85615 35393 13 Bodduvaripalem 64325 40305 24020 14 Gandavaram 26183 20939 5244 15 Rajupalem 9942 9451 491 16 Kovur Kovur 45367 45367 0 TOTAL LAND IN SQ. MTS 732645 432864 299811 TOTAL LAND IN Ha 73.2645 43.2864 29.9811 GRAND TOTAL IN SQ. MTS 1860219 1300470 559779 GRAND TOTAL IN Ha 186.0219 130.047 55.9779

B. Proposed New Ongole Bypass S.NO NAME OF NAME OF VILLAGE AREA REQUIRED REMARKS TALUK (in Sqmts) DISTRICT - PRAKSAM 1 Ongole Pelluru 219150.28 Area includes main alignment and bypass 2 Annavarampadu 137751.87 3 Koppole 212154.93 4 Muktinuthalapadu 244309.03 5 Throvagunta 36208.05 Area includes main alignment and bypass TOTAL LAND IN SQ. MTS 849574.16 TOTAL LAND IN Ha 84.9574

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description (Annexure 2.2)

ANNEXURE-2.2 A. EXISTING SERVICE ROADS ALONG PROJECT HIGHWAY SECTION S.No. Chainage (km) Length (m) Side Carriageway Place From To Width(m) PRAKASAM DISTRICT 1 1186.760 1189.100 2340 LHS 5.5 Marturu 2 1187.480 1189.100 1620 RHS 5.5 Marturu 3 1189.480 1191.780 2300 LHS 5.5 Marturu 4 1189.480 1189.680 200 RHS 5.5 Marturu 5 1195.580 1196.480 900 Both Side 5.5 Konanki 6 1201.480 1202.380 900 LHS 5.5 Kondamanjuluru 7 1203.790 1205.05 1260 LHS 5.5 Muppavaram 8 1230.700 1232.200 1500 RHS 5.5 Maddipadu 9 1240.700 1241.250 550 LHS 5.5 Yedugutlapadu 10 1240.700 1241.490 790 RHS 5.5 Yedugutlapadu Total aggregate length 13.260 km

B. PROPOSED SERVICE/SLIP ROADS DETAILS Chainage(km) Carriageway Width Length Place From To including signage (m) (km) A. GUNTUR DISRICT NIL NIL B. PRAKASAM DISTRICT 1185.800 1187.860 RAJUPALEM/MARTURU 7.5 2.06 1187.860 1188.043 MARTURU 7.5 0.183 1188.043 1188.537 MARTURU 7.5 0.494 1188.537 1188.720 MARTURU 7.5 0.183 MARTHUR ZONNATALI ISUKA 1188.720 1193.000 7.5 4.28 DARSI 1193.000 1193.461 ISUKA DARSI 7 0.461 1193.461 1193.900 ISUKA DARSI 7.5 0.439 1195.450 1195.618 KONANKI 7.5 0.168 1195.618 1196.093 KONANKI 7.5 0.475 1196.093 1196.250 KONANKI 7.5 0.157 1201.790 1201.803 KONDAMANJULURU 7 0.013 1201.803 1202.278 KONDAMANJULURU 7.5 0.475 1202.278 1202.290 KONDAMANJULURU 7 0.012 1204.000 1204.651 MUPPAVARAM 7.5 0.651 1204.651 1205.149 MUPPAVARAM 7.5 0.498 1207.148 1207.613 MUPPAVARAM 6 0.465 1209.370 1209.371 RENANGIVARAM 7 0.001 1209.371 1209.869 RENANGIVARAM 7.5 0.498 1209.869 1209.870 RENANGIVARAM 7 0.001 1214.814 1215.226 ADDANKI 6 0.412 1217.800 1218.249 KORISAPADU 7.5 0.449 1218.249 1218.300 KORISAPADU 7 0.051 1226.740 1227.261 GUNDALAPALLI 6 0.521 1230.750 1231.254 MADDIPADU 7.5 0.504 1231.254 1231.752 MADDIPADU 7.5 0.498

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description (Annexure 2.2)

Chainage(km) Carriageway Width Length Place From To including signage (m) (km) 1231.752 1232.260 MADDIPADU 7.5 0.508 1238.450 1238.474 EDUGUNDLAPADU 7 0.024 1238.474 1238.826 EDUGUNDLAPADU 7.5 0.352 1238.826 1239.500 EDUGUNDLAPADU 7 0.674 EDUGUNDLAPADU/THAROVAGU 1239.500 1239.763 7.5 0.263 NTA 1239.763 1240.327 THAROVAGUNTA 7.5 0.564 1240.500 1241.450 THAROVAGUNTA 7 0.950 START OF PROPOSED ONGOLE BYEPASS 0.000 0.400 THAROVAGUNTMAMIDIPALEM 7 0.400 0.400 1.020 PELLURU 7.5 0.620 5.460 6.020 PELLURU 7.5 0.560 9.600 10.125 PELLURU 7.5 0.525 END OF PROPOSED ONGOLE BYEPASS 1252.300 1252.458 PELLURU 7.5 0.158 1252.458 1252.870 PELLURU 7.5 0.412 1252.870 1253.000 PELLURU 7.5 0.130 1255.950 1255.994 VALLURU 5.5 0.044 1255.994 1256.406 VALLURU 6 0.412 1256.406 1257.000 VALLURU 7.5 0.594 1257.475 1257.975 VALLURU 7 0.500 1260.025 1260.026 THURPUNAIDUPALEM 7 0.001 1260.026 1260.524 THURPUNAIDUPALEM 7.5 0.498 1260.524 1260.525 THURPUNAIDUPALEM 7 0.001 1264.398 1264.423 TANGUTURU 7 0.025 1264.423 1264.873 TANGUTURU 7.5 0.450 1264.873 1264.898 TANGUTURU 7 0.025 1265.945 1265.946 TANGUTURU 7 0.001 1265.946 1266.444 TANGUTURU 7.5 0.498 1266.444 1266.445 TANGUTURU 7 0.001 1267.150 1267.151 TANGUTURU 7 0.001 1267.151 1267.649 TANGUTURU 7.5 0.498 1267.649 1267.650 TANGUTURU 7 0.001 1270.681 1271.120 BITRAGUNTA 6 0.439 1273.450 1273.489 MULASANTAPADU 7 0.039 1273.489 1273.912 MULASANTAPADU 7.5 0.423 1273.912 1273.950 MULASANTAPADU 7 0.038 1277.837 1277.852 KANUMALLA 7 0.015 1277.852 1278.322 KANUMALLA 7.5 0.470 1278.322 1278.337 KANUMALLA 7 0.015 1279.935 1279.936 SOMARAJUPALLE 7 0.001 1279.936 1280.434 SOMARAJUPALLE 7.5 0.498 1280.434 1280.435 SOMARAJUPALLE 7 0.001 1287.770 1287.914 KOLLURUPADU RAJUPALEM 5.5 0.144 1287.914 1288.326 KOLLURUPADU RAJUPALEM 6 0.412 1297.286 1297.698 VEERAPALLI/ MOCHERLA 6 0.412 1301.272 1301.316 MOCHERLA 5.5 0.044 1301.316 1301.728 MOCHERLA 6 0.412 1301.728 1301.772 MOCHERLA 5.5 0.044

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description (Annexure 2.2)

Chainage(km) Carriageway Width Length Place From To including signage (m) (km) 1305.600 1305.659 CHEVURU 5.5 0.059 1305.659 1305.976 CHEVURU 6 0.317 1305.976 1306.000 CHEVURU 5.5 0.024 C. NELLORE DISTRICT 1309.690 1310.211 RUDRAKOTA 6 0.521 1311.694 1312.106 MADDARUPADU 7.5 0.412 1312.106 1313.574 MADDARUPADU 7.5 1.468 1313.574 1314.049 KAVALI 7.5 0.475 1314.049 1314.311 KAVALI 7 0.262 1318.900 1319.350 KAVALI 7 0.450 1321.800 1321.808 MUSUNURU 5.5 0.008 1321.808 1322.192 MUSUNURU 6 0.384 1322.192 1322.200 MUSUNURU 5.5 0.008 1323.690 1324.211 MUSUNURU 7.5 0.521 1328.400 1328.653 GAURAVARAM 7.5 0.253 1328.653 1329.128 GAURAVARAM 7.5 0.475 1329.128 1329.400 GAURAVARAM 7.5 0.272 1333.015 1333.040 ALLIMADUGU 5.5 0.025 1333.040 1333.490 ALLIMADUGU 6 0.450 1333.490 1333.515 ALLIMADUGU 5.5 0.025 1334.500 1334.513 KOVVURUPALLI 5.5 0.013 1334.513 1334.988 KOVVURUPALLI 6 0.475 1334.988 1335.000 KOVVURUPALLI 5.5 0.012 1336.250 1336.349 ALLIMADUGU 7 0.099 1336.349 1336.892 ALLIMADUGU/ BHOGAVOLU 7.5 0.543 1336.892 1337.250 BHOGAVOLU 7 0.358 1339.900 1340.431 ULAVAPALLE 5.5 0.531 1340.431 1340.870 ULAVAPALLE 6 0.439 1345.720 1346.241 KAVULAGUTTA 6 0.521 1350.065 1350.109 TALAMANCHI 5.5 0.044 1350.109 1350.521 TALAMANCHI 6 0.412 1350.521 1350.565 TALAMANCHI 5.5 0.044 1352.900 1353.275 TALAMANCHI 7 0.375 1353.275 1353.725 TALAMANCHI/ 7.5 0.450 BUDDUVARIPALEM 1353.725 1355.100 BUDDUVARIPALEM 7 1.375 1355.507 1355.919 BUDDUVARIPALEM 6 0.412 1355.919 1356.013 BUDDUVARIPALEM 5.5 0.094 1356.575 1356.576 BUDDUVARIPALEM 7 0.001 1356.576 1357.074 BUDDUVARIPALEM 7.5 0.498 1357.074 1357.075 BUDDUVARIPALEM 7 0.001 1358.679 1359.222 BUDDUVARIPALEM/ 7.5 0.543 GANDAVARAM 1360.189 1360.732 GANDAVARAM/ RAJUPALEM 7.5 0.543 1365.068 1365.533 KOVUR 6 0.465 1365.533 1365.600 KOVUR 5.5 0.067 1365.920 1366.480 KOVUR 7.5 0.560 One side length of Service/Slip Road 42.330 Both side length of Service/Slip Road 84.660

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description (Annexure 2.3)

ANNEXURE-2.3 DETAILS OF RAIL OVER BRIDGE (ROB)

(a) Rail Over Bridges (ROBs) to be retained with repair

S. Structure No. / Location Repair and Rehabilitation Measures No Chainage

Spalling i n s uperstructure, abut ments an d p iers, dr ainage s pout LHS pipes ending at soffit slab level. 1 1306/3 Drainage spout gratings missing, raise height of median side RHS crash barrier 2 1342/3 LHS Repair approach slab settlement Repair ap proach s lab s ettlement, r epair d amage i n c oncrete LHS around expansion joints, repair / replace damaged safety kerb 3 1366/6 Spalling in pier / abutment cap, Expansion joints have failed, RHS drainage spout pipes are corroded.

(b) Rail Over Bridges (ROBs) to be replaced Structure New structure Details S. No. / Span No. Location Deck Chainage (No. x Imp. Code (m) Length m) Replace the existing old 2 lane ROB with 2 x 31 new 3 lane ROB with vertical an d h orizontal 1 1342/3 RHS 15.00 (Skew) clearances as per r ailways r equirements f or dedicated freight corridor

S. Chainage Span Arrangement Minimum Vertical Total Width Type No (km) (m) Clearance (m) (m)

2 x 15.0m 1 3+450 ROB 9x25+3x35+9x25 8.4

2 x 15.0m 2 8+970 ROB 10x25+3x35+9x25 8.4

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description (Annexure 2.4)

ANNEXURE-2.4 CHAINAGEWISE LOCATION OF PROPOSED BUS BAYS WITH BUS SHELTER

Chainage Direction Chainage Direction S. No S. No (Km) LHS RHS (Km) LHS RHS 1 1185.521 RHS 51 1239.887 RHS

2 1185.557 LHS 52 1239.922 LHS

3 1187.771 RHS 53 1240.762 LHS

4 1187.922 LHS 54 1240.872 RHS

5 1189.107 RHS 55 1252.387 RHS

6 1189.16 LHS 56 1252.424 LHS

7 1192.35 RHS 57 1256.51 LHS

8 1192.35 LHS 58 1257.73 RHS

9 1193.6 RHS 59 1257.73 LHS

10 1193.75 LHS 60 1260.05 RHS

11 1198.939 RHS 61 1260.45 LHS

12 1198.976 LHS 62 1263.1 LHS

13 1200.54 RHS 63 1263.1 RHS

14 1200.848 LHS 64 1265.73 LHS

15 1201.95 RHS 65 1266.85 RHS

16 1202.678 RHS 66 1268.15 LHS

17 1202.957 LHS 67 1268.333 RHS

18 1205.29 RHS 68 1271.139 RHS

19 1205.36 LHS 69 1273.2 LHS

20 1207.25 RHS 70 1274.15 RHS

21 1207.82 LHS 71 1277.63 LHS

22 1209.13 RHS 72 1278.55 RHS

23 1209.8 LHS 73 1280.7 LHS

24 1210.568 RHS 74 1282.02 RHS

25 1211.277 RHS 75 1283.879 RHS

26 1211.592 LHS 76 1285.8 RHS

27 1214.58 RHS 77 1287.95 LHS

28 1215.15 LHS 78 1288.2 RHS

29 1217.894 RHS 79 1300.433 RHS

30 1218.209 LHS 80 1300.513 LHS

31 1223.333 RHS 81 1302.042 RHS

32 1223.37 LHS 82 1302.079 LHS

33 1223.908 RHS 83 1304.382 RHS

34 1224.03 LHS 84 1304.419 LHS

35 1226.885 RHS 85 1306.143 RHS

36 1227.122 LHS 86 1307.075 LHS

37 1228.039 RHS 87 1309.71 LHS

38 1229.864 RHS 88 1310.45 RHS

39 1229.87 LHS 89 1310.759 LHS

40 1231.21 LHS 90 1312.141 LHS

41 1231.755 RHS 91 1313.3 LHS

42 1232.18 LHS 92 1313.3 RHS

43 1233.394 RHS 93 1328.809 LHS

44 1233.773 LHS 94 1332.138 RHS

45 1234.454 RHS 95 1332.175 LHS

46 1235.056 RHS 96 1334.88 RHS

47 1236.161 LHS 97 1334.86 LHS

48 1236.706 RHS 98 1336.38 LHS

49 1238.2 LHS 99 1336.859 RHS

50 1238.195 RHS 100 1340.560 LHS

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Project Description (Annexure 2.4)

Chainage Direction Chainage Direction S. No S. No (Km) LHS RHS (Km) LHS RHS 101 1340.500 RHS 114 1353.943 LHS

102 1342.804 RHS 115 1355.952 RHS

103 1343.444 RHS 116 1355.989 LHS

104 1343.787 LHS 117 1356.739 LHS

105 1344.629 RHS 118 1356.807 RHS

106 1344.666 LHS 119 1357.222 LHS

107 1345.970 LHS 120 1357.261 RHS

108 1346.150 RHS 121 1358.800 LHS

109 1349.840 RHS 122 1359.100 RHS

110 1350.591 LHS 123 1362.787 RHS

111 1353.081 RHS 124 1362.871 LHS

112 1353.243 LHS 125 1365.389 RHS

113 1353.799 RHS 126 1365.200 LHS

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in EIA Report the State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment

CHPTER 3.0

DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

This chapter reviews the existing conditions of the natural, cultural, economic and social environments within the project area. Scope of this exercise was 15 kilometers on both sides from the centre of the road as per guidelines of Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India. However, the focus of the study was on the areas within and directly adjacent to the corridor of impact and ROW. The review of the environmental status within the project corridor is mainly based on the secondary information collected from various sources followed by field surveys of the project area. All the data have been collected and collated to identify a general environmental condition within the project catchment area and major environmental issues to be taken care off during the design as well project implementation phase.

3.1 Physical Environment

3.1.1 Physiography

Project stretch of NH-5, starts at Km 1182+802 Tatapudi village of Chilakaluripet and terminates at km1366+547 at Kovour near Nellore covering a total length of 183.7 Km and a new bypass at Ongole which has additional length of 10.125km. The project stretch traverses through Marturu, Martelmata, Maddipadu,Ongole, Bitragunta, Gudlur in Prakasam District and Maddurupadu, Bogole and Kovour in Nellore District apart from other villages enroute. In Guntur district the project length is only 1.079 km (Km 1182+802 to Km 1183+881) and there is no settlement along the project section. The geographical extension of the project road section is between 16°5’ N & 14°26' N latitude and 80°10' E & 79°58' E Longitude between Chilkaluripet to Kovour village near Nellore. The project road is located over flat terrain with mean elevation varying between 10 m to 40m. However some interspersed small hillocks can also be observed around the project stretch. The entire area normally shows a general slope from right to left. The project road intersects a number of rivers, nallas, local streams and canals. The prominent rivers crossing the project stretch are Mudigundi, Musi, Paleru, Maneru and Pyderu. Most of these rivers and nallah are rainfed. All the drains and River flow from right to left of the project corridor.

3.1.2 Geology and Seismicity The geological formations in the project area vary widely ranging from the oldest Archaeans to the recent laterites and alluvium. The major rock formations in the study area are in the form of broad belts disposed of in north North West - South South East direction. The geological succession met within the study area is as follows:

Age Rock formation Recent and sub-recent Recent deposits, older alluvium, and laterite Mio-Plliocene Cuddalore sandstones, Mid Triassic to lower cretaceous Upper Gondwanas, sand stones, and shales Upper Pre-Cambrian Upper Cuddapatis, Nallamalai series (cumbum shales, slates, and quartzites) Archaean / sharwars Closepet granite, Penisular gneisses and pegmatite, basic dykes and hornblende schists.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in EIA Report the State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment

The study area is composed of rocks of pre-cambrian age. The geology of the area is composed of Dharwar gneisses and schists, peninsular gneisses and charnockites. The boundary between the charnockitic and the non-charnockitic region stretches into the area. The charnockitic region differs from the non-charnockitic by not only in the presence of charnockitic but also in the several form of metamorphism which has affected the schists in the immediate vicinity of the charnockite exposures.

Dharwar rocks exposed in the area have a trend of northwest - southeast. These rocks are mostly made of chloritic, biotite and hornbendic schists. The folliated gneiss in the area includes schist complex, the rocks of which consist largely of well foliated biotite schists and hornblendic schists. Besides, quartzite bands are present in these rocks. Biotite schists and quartzites are replaced by hornblende rocks in the area north of river Pennar. There are two prinicipal sets of dykes, one running north north west-south south east and the other east north east - west south west. The latter set of dyke is considered to be of cuddapah age and the former of Archaean age. Charnockites associated with pegmatite, widely distributed in parts of the area, form the major chunk of the eastern ghat province, the general trend of these rocks is northeast-southwest. The charnockitc are hypersthene bearing granitic rocks composed of blue quartz and feldspars. Another rock of importance found in south and south western side of the area is pegmatite. These rocks occur in the form of viens, coarse grained, and are rich in muscorite mica.

The underlying geology is a significant factor in determining the susceptibility to earthquakes of structures standing above ground.

The project area falls under Seismic Zone –III which are moderately active in nature. A few earthquakes being reported in the area in past but the intensity remained below rector scale 6.

3.1.3 Soils The project influence area is largely located in a flat land. In general the soil along the road alignment is alluvial, reddish to whitish in color and loam to sandy loam in texture. The soils are neutral to moderately alkaline with accumulation of calcium in the form of lime at varying depths and sizes.

Soil analysis has been carried out for different soil samples collected from different locations along the project alignment to understand the Soil characteristics along the project road. Six numbers of soil samples from adjacent agricultural land were collected in the month of January, 2011 ranging from distance of 15 m to 30 m from NH-5 and from the alignment of proposed Ongole Bypass. The soil sampling for proposed Ongole is done near NTR colony, which is 2.5 Km from main alignment of NH-5. The soil sampling locations with respect to the project road has been presented in Table 3.1 and Figure 3.1. Table 3.1: Soil sampling location along the project road Sl. Locations Chainage Distance from Description of Site No. (Km) NH-5 (meter) 1 Marturu 1187 15 Agriculture Land 2 Maddipadu 1232 15 Agriculture Land 3 Proposed Ongole Near NTR 2500 Agriculture Land Bypass Colony 4 Bitragunta 1270 20 Agriculture Land 5 Kavali Bypass 1324 25 Agriculture Land 6 Kovour 1366 30 Agriculture Land

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in EIA Report the State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment

The analysis results reflect that the soil is slightly alkaline with pH ranging from 7.32 to 7.98 along the project road. The soil texture is Silt loam, Loam, Sandy Clay Loam, Clay and Loam along the project road. The Nitrogen content is in the range of 0.09 mg /Kg to 1.92 mg /Kg for different locations along the project road. The physico chemical characteristics of soils along the project corridor within the influence zone are presented in the following Table 3.2.

Table 3.2: Physico-chemical Characteristics of Soil along the Project Corridor Sample Locations Parameters S-1 S-2 S-3 S-4 S-5 S-6 Marturu Maddipadu Proposed Bitragunta Kavali Kovour Ongole Bypass Bypass pH 7.98 7.62 7.32 7.72 7.16 7.89 Electrical 0.336 0.274 0.314 0.211 0.286 0.311 Conductivity Texture Silt loam Loam Sandy clay Silt loam Clay Loam loam Sand% 17.53 45.84 60.58 8.258 21.39 36.42 Silt% 69.75 37.13 12.06 78.18 9.04 48.58 Clay% 12.72 17.03 27.36 13.56 69.57 15.00 Moisture retention 49.67 46.07 34.06 52.20 53.76 37.58 capacity% Bulk Density 1.31 1.25 1.28 1.31 1.36 1.12 (g/cm3) Porosity (s·in2/dl) 45.14 49.38 61.26 49.18 41.27 51.21 Organic matter (%) 0.33 0.21 0.29 0.57 0.28 0.27 Nitrogen (mg /Kg) 0.12 0.09 0.15 1.92 0.13 0.08 Potassium (mg /Kg) 250.8 97.13 86.61 22.77 34.21 69.72 Phosphate (as P), 42.63 83.48 90.46 45.30 51.59 22.34 (mg /Kg) Organic Carbon 0.58 0.36 0.51 0.98 0.47 0.46 Lead as Pb (mg 71.19 12.75 47.60 43.58 29.45 33.45 /Kg) Iron as Fe, (mg 36016.4 21844.7 14666.7 47548.3 25261.2 332220.2 /Kg) Source: Primary Data Collection

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in EIA Report the State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment

Figure 3.1: Location Plan of Soil Samples along Project Corridor

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in EIA Report the State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment

3.1.4 Quarry site and Borrow Areas:

Quarry areas

Road construction requires earth, stones and sand. These raw materials are to be obtained from surrounding areas, which are suitable from quality point of view The stone materials including sand and granular ones are needed in large quantities for the pavement construction. The other area of requirement is concrete structures which call for a good quality stone.

The potential source for stone aggregates, sand and gravels has been identified which is depicted in Figure 3.2a, Figure 3.2b and Figure 3.2c. The Metal quarries are hill quarry or flat land quarry and are devoid of any significant environmental features. Sufficient quantities of metals are available in these quarries. Earth-Gravels quarries are located either over hillocks or flat barren of unirrigated agricultural lands. Some vegetations can be seen over these lands but these vegetations are mainly bushy and no significant species were observed at these borrow sites. The sand quarries are mainly riverbed sand quarries.

Borrow Areas

The soils to be used, as sub-grade, select sub-grade and shoulder materials need to be hauled from designated borrow areas. Similar to the identification of suitable quarries, suitable borrow areas for supply of soil to the new road formation will be identified by concessionaire during project implementation. Based on the total requirement and availability of each soil type, estimates of soil quantity to be obtained from each of the borrow areas will be worked out in accordance with the National Standards, recommended by the Indian Roads Congress (IRC).

In the selection of the borrow areas, care will be taken to ensure that:

. Sufficient quantity of suitable soil is available from the borrow pit;

. The borrow areas are as close to the project road as far as possible;

. The loss of productive and fertile agricultural soil is minimum; and

. There is minimum loss of vegetation.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in EIA Report the State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment

Figure 3.2a: Identified Potential Quarry Sites for the Project

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in EIA Report the State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment

Figure 3.2b: Identified Potential Quarry Sites for the Project

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Figure 3.2c: Identified Potential Quarry Sites for the Project

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3.1.5 Climatic Conditions Dry Tropical Climate prevails in the project area. The project area has tropical dry climate. The summer season falls between March and May, South West Monsoon from June to September and North east monsoon from October to December. May is the hottest month whereas January is the coldest month in the project area. Maximum rainfall occurs in the project area during North East Mosoon, i.e. between October to December. The summary of climatological data collected from nearest observatory of India Meteorological Department is presented below. Atmospheric Temperature:

The climatological data for last 10 years have been collected from three IMD observatories namely Ongole, Kavali and Nellore located in the project vicinity.The summary of last 10m year data on mean month-wise atmospheric temperature and mean monthly rainfall during last 10 years. i.e. from the year 2000 to year 2010 is presented in Table 3.3. From the table it is evident that May is the hottest month in the project area whereas January is the coldest month at all the three locations. The mean maximum temperature for last 10 years was 40°C at Ongole in the month of May whereas the same recorded to 39.6°C and 40°C at Kavali and Nellore observatory, respectively. During last 10 year May 2008 was recorded hottest month when the highest maximum monthly mean temperature reached to 42.5°C against last 10 year average temperature of 40°C in the month of May at Ongole, whereas the same reached upto 42.3°C at Kavali and Nellore against the last 10 year average May month temperature of 39.6°C and 40°C, respectively. The mean monthly minimum temperature for last 10 years recorded as 20.1°C, 20.4°C and 21.2°C at Ongole, Kavali and Nellore observatory centre.

Table 3. 3: T he Month w ise average T emperature a nd Rainfall f or L ast 1 0 Y ears ( From 2000 to 2010) Temperature (°C) Rainfall (mm) Months Ongole Kavali Nellore Ongole Kavali Nellore Jan 31.1 20.1 29.9 20.4 30.1 21.2 10.6 29.3 22.7 Feb 32.8 21.5 31.8 21.5 32.3 22.2 31.8 15.6 1.3 Mar 34.7 24 34.1 23.9 35.1 24.2 27.4 15.5 9.7 Apr 36.8 26.3 36.7 26.3 37.7 26.6 16.8 11.2 10.2 May 40 28.1 39.6 28.5 40 28.9 96.3 48.6 41.6 June 38.3 27.9 37.8 28.4 38 28.7 70.6 60.5 37.2 July 35.9 27 36 27.2 36.2 27.5 78.5 67.9 76.8 August 35.1 26.4 34.9 26.5 35.3 26.9 101.7 87.2 95.4 September 34.9 25.8 34.6 26 35.1 26.6 135.5 108.6 88.8 October 33.3 24.9 32.6 25 32.9 25.4 198.4 381.2 366.6 November 31.7 22.5 30.3 22.9 30.4 23.5 145.7 297.2 238.5 December 31.2 20.5 29.4 21.1 29.4 21.7 15 51.6 89.6 Annual A verage Temperature/ 34.7 24.6 34.0 24.8 34.4 25.3 928.3 1174.4 1078.4 Average A nnual Total Rainfall Source: Data collected from Ongole, Kavali and Nellore Observatory of IMD

Rainfall:

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in EIA Report the State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment

The rainfall found to be erratic as at different years for last 10 years. The annual rainfall varied greatly from 755.1 mm in the year 2000-2001 to 1357 mm in the year 2001-2002 against normal rainfall of 1140 mm at Nellore (Figure 3.3). The same varies between 706.2 mm and 1526.9 mm against normal annual rainfall of 1194 mm at Kavali. At Nellore the annual rainfall recorded between 553.9 mm to 1467 mm against normal annual rainfall of 1085 mm. The precipitation in the project area occurs both due to South West Monsoon from June to September and North east monsoon from October to December. More than 60 percent rainfall is recorded due to North East Monsoon, which starts from October and extend upto December in the entire project area. From the above Table 3.3, it is evident that the last 10 year mean annual rainfall was recorded maximum in Kavali (1174.4 mm) followed by Nellore (1078.4) and lowest in Ongole (928.3 mm). Figure 3.3: Variation in Annual Rainfall at different Places along Project Area during last 10 Years

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in EIA Report the State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment

ONGOLE

Source: IMD, Hyderabad Wind Pattern:

The wind direction has different pattern in the project area during morning and evening hours. It also varies with months. At Nellore the predominant wind direction during morning hours is NW in the month of January, SSE during February, March and April, in May and June it changes to West. In the month of July and August the wind direction is usually from West South West (WSW) whereas the same changes to from West North West (WNW) in the months of September & October. During November and December the wind blows from North West (NW).

During Evening time from North North East (NNE) direction, in February to April from East South East (ESE) direction, West South West (WSW), July August West (W), September to December from North East (NE).

The wind speed is moderate with an average speed ranging from 1-19 Km per hours In Ongole the predominant wind direction during morning hours is from South West to North East direction During February to October whereas During January, November and December the predominant wind direction is from North to South. In the evening time the predominant direction is from South East during the months of January to May which changes to from South West to North East Direction. In the month of October to December the same again changes to from North East to South West Direction. The Calms (in percentage frequencies) during the day for the month of January, February, March, April & May is 34%, 40%, 24%, 13% & 13% respectively; however, during the night for the month of January, February, March, April & May is 3 %, 1%, 8%, 8% and 3% respectively The Calms (in percentage frequencies) during the day for the month of June, July, August, September & October is 6%, 9%, 7%, 24% & 36% respectively; however, during the night for the month of June, July, August, September & October is 5%, 6%, 8%, 12% and 20% respectively. The Calms (in percentage frequencies) for the month of Nov & Dec during the day is 21% & 22% respectively and during the night for the month of Nov & Dec is 15 and 5% respectively.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in EIA Report the State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment

Relative Humidity:

Being a coastal districts, all the three districts experience high relative humidity throughout the year., Most of the time the relative humidity is found in the range more than 70% except in the months of May, June and July when relative humidity is between 60% to 70% in the morning hours at all the three observatory, i.e at Ongole, Kavali and Nellore. However in the evening hours slight reduction in relative humidity if observed but still it ranges from 52% to 75% most of the time in a year. Micro-metrology at Ongole:

To collect site-specific meteorological data like maximum and minimum temperature, rainfall, humidity, wind speed and wind direction, a wireless Data logger weather monitoring station was installed at project site at Ongole town and the data was collected from 6th January, 2011 to 5th February, 2011. The maximum temperature recorded was 310 C on where as the minimum temperature recorded was 310 C. No rainfall occurred during the study period. The predominant wind direction during the monitored period was from South-West to North-East. The maximum wind speed monitored was 8.64 Km/hr. The frequency of calm wind was 0.13%. The summary of the results of meteorological data collected at site are given in Annexure 3.3 and Wind Rose Diagram of the area was prepared based on the site data and is shown in Figure 3.4.

Figure 3.4: Wind rose Diagram at Ongole

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in EIA Report the State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment

3.1.6 Land Use Pattern

As per the statistics of Irrigation and Command Area Development Department, Government of Andhra Pradesh presented in Table 3.4 shows that, in Guntur district out of the total area of 27.99 lakh acres around 56% constitute cultivable land, forest land (14.30%), barren and uncultivable area (3.04%) and land put to non-agricultural use is about 13.24%. In Prakasam district out of the total area of 42.35 lakh acres around 52% constitute cultivable land, forest land (25.82%), barren and uncultivable area (8.8%) and land put to non-agricultural use is about 13%.

Table 3.4: Land use pattern in Guntur, Prakasam and Nellore Districts Guntur Prakasam Nellore % to % to % to Description Area Area Area total total total (Acres) (Acres) (Acres) area area area Total Geographical 27,99,264 --- 42,35,530 --- 32,52,006 --- Area Cultivable Area 15,67,614 56.00 22,16,571 52.33 Forest Area 4,00,163 14.30 10,93,684 25.82 6,48,597 19.94 Barren & Un Cultivable 85,178 3.04 3,72,849 8.80 Area Land put to Non- 3,70,643 13.24 5,52,426 13.04 5,33,832 16.42 Agricultural purpose Sown Area 13,41,845 47.94 15,14,272 35.75 Irrigated Area 6,78,197 24.23 10,78,369 25.46 7,88,386 24.24 Source: Primary Census Abstract, Census of India, 2001, Handbook of Statistics, Prakasam 2006, National Informatics Centre, Nellore district website Along the project corridor also the predominant land use is agriculture which accounts for about 52 % considering the entire project stretch, whereas land use along the project section in Guntur district, which is only 1.079 Kms, is only agriculture whereas the same in the stretch falling under Prakasam and Nellore district boundary is about 51% each. The land use pattern along the Right of Way of the project stretch is depicted in Figure 3.5 and ANNEXURE-3.4

The superimposition of Land use pattern, environmental features and drainage pattern data along the highway section in 10 Km radius over satellite imagery collected from NRSA, Hyderabad and Survey of India Toposheet is presented in Annexure 3.5.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in EIA Report the State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment

Figure 3.5: Land Use Pattern along Project Alignment

3.1.7 Surface Water Resource:

The terrain along the Project Highway is fairly level with gently rolling terrain up to north end of the project highway. Due to the presence of eastern Ghat, a number of streams, nallas and rivers originate and flow in the easterly direction ultimately discharging along the Bay of Bengal (Coromandel Coast). The drainage pattern in the project area is depicted in Annexure 3.5 and Annexure 3.6.

The project road crosses rivers, nallas, local streams and canals. The major rivers which project crosses are Mudigundi , Musi, Paleru, Maneru and Pyderu. All these rivers and streams are rainfed. The chainages of the river, canal, nalla crossings are given below in Table 3.5. Apart from these rivers and Canals a number of local streams and nallah flows in the area which are shallow and are active during monsoon. Some of the rivers and streams have been harnessed by constructing dams and barrages which in-turn supply water through a network of canals.

Table 3.5: River and Canals crossing the project section River/Stream Chainage S. No. Remark Name KM A. Guntur District 1 Palamadugu Nalla 1183.279 Rain fed Major Nalla B. Prakasam District Gundalakamma 2 1229.025 Rain fed Major River River 3 Mudigandi River 1240.357 Rain fed Major River 4 Nalla 1261.320 Rain fed Major Nalla 5 Musi River 1261.810 Rain fed Major River

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River/Stream Chainage S. No. Remark Name KM 6 Drain 1262.950 Rain fed Major Nalla 7 Palleru River 1269.150 Rain fed Major River 8 Maneru River 1282.680 Rain fed Major River 9 Chillavagu 1286.220 Rain fed Major Nalla C. Nellore District 10 Pillavagu Canal 1327.835 Rain fed Major Nalla 11 Pyderu Canal 1355.150 Rain fed Major Nalla Source: Primary Data

The area along the project corridor is dotted with a number of The ponds / tanks and reservoirs all along the project stretch. These ponds and reservoirs are mainly used for irrigation purpose and some of the ponds and reservoirs are used for fishery. Some of the Ponds fall within the proposed ROW may need to be partially filled for road formation. The list of such ponds and reservoirs has been presented in Table 3.6. Table 3.6: Ponds / Tanks within Corridor of Impact Project Road Sl Type of Name of Chainage in Place Direction No Resources Tank Km.(From - To) (RHS/LHS) A. GUNTUR DISTRICT Nil B. PRAKASAM DISTRICT 1 Pond 1222+700 to 1222+800 Timmanapalem RHS 2 Tank 1222+850 to 1223+100 Timmanapalem RHS 3 Tank 1236+100 to 1236+240 Venkatarajupalem RHS 4 Tank 1238+360 to 1238+460 Yedugundlapadu RHS 5 Water 1241+300 to 1241+400 Muktinutalapadu RHS Logged area 6 Reservoir Vallurumma 1253+490 to Pelluru & Valloru RHS tank 1253+950, 1254+480 to 1254+600, 1255+650 to 1256.35 & 1256+700 to 1257+100 7 Tank 1268+130 to 1268+170 Vaviletipadu RHS 8 Tank 1268+250 to 1268+320 Vaviletipadu RHS 9 Tank 1268+630 to 1268+780 Vaviletipadu RHS 10 Tank Vora 1281+530 to Singarayakonda RHS Cheruvu 1281+800 11 Pond Kollurupadu 1288+000 to 1288+100 Kollurupadu LHS tank 12 Pond 1292+070 to 1292+500 Rajupalem RHS 13 Pond 1292+330 to 1292+580 Rajupalem LHS 14 Pond 1293+340 to 1293+370 Rajupalem LHS 15 Tank 1301+400 to 1301+920 Tettu RHS 16 Tank Mocherla 1304+540 to 1304+580 Mocherla RHS Tank

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Sl Type of Name of Chainage in Place Direction No Resources Tank Km.(From - To) (RHS/LHS) C. NELLORE DISTRICT 17 Reservoir Jutur 1319+350 to Amudaladinne Both side Reservoir 1320+770 18 Tank 1324+270 to 1324+370 Musunuru LHS 19 Tank 1330+200 to 1330+260 Gawravaram RHS 20 Tank 1332+420 to 1332+470 Bitragunta LHS 21 Tank 1332+920 to 1332+960 Bitragunta RHS 22 Tank 1333+900 to 1334+500 Kadanutala RHS 23 Tank 1334+300 to 1334+400 Kovurupalli LHS 24 Tank 1342+860 to 1342+900 Lions Nagar RHS 25 Tank 1349+470 to 1349+520 Kothapalli Kavuru LHS Gunta 26 Tank 1349+450 to 1349+730 Kothapalli Kavuru RHS Gunta 27 Tank 1352+030 to 1352+050 Gopalapuram RHS 28 Tank 1352+240 to 1352+270 Gopalapuram RHS 29 Tank 1352+390 to 1352+480 Gopalapuram RHS 30 Tank 1352+860 to 1352+910 Gopalapuram RHS 31 Tank 1357+000 to 1357+220 Nayudupalem LHS 32 Tank 1364+460 to 1364+540 Nandalagunta RHS Source: Primary Data Surface Water Quality

Pre-monsoon surface water samples were taken from 6 locations along the project corridor in the month of January, 2011 for assessing the surface water quality within the project area. The surface water samples were from River, Pond, Canal & Water tanks along the project road. The sampling locations for surface water are given in Table 3.7 and Figure 3.6. The test results of physic-chemical and bacteriological characteristics of the surface water samples are presented in Table 3.8. Table 3.7: Surface Water sampling location Sl Locations Location Date of Distance Description of Site Chainage Sampling from NH-5 (Km) (meter) 1 Gundalakamma 1228+200 11.01.2011 25 Residential Cum Commercial Area 2 Musi River 1262+950 11.01.2011 50 Agriculture Land 3 Proposed Ongole Near NTR 10.01.2011 2500 Agriculture Land Bypass Colony 4 Water Tank at 1323+000 10.01.2011 30 Agriculture Land Musuru Village 5 Water Tank at 1342+000 10.01.2011 20 Agriculture Land Dagadarthi Village 6 Pydlerilli Canal 1355+150 10.01.2011 20 Agriculture Land

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Figure: 3.6 Surface and Ground Water Sampling Locations

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Table 3.8: SURFACE WATER QUALITY RESULTS Sl Water Quality LOCATIONS No. Parameters SW-1 SW-2 SW-3 SW-4 SW-5 SW-6 Gandalakamma Musi Proposed Water Water Pydlerili River Ongole Tank a t Tank a t Canal Bypass Musuru Dagadarthi Village Village 1. pH ( at 280 C) 8.07 7.32 7.64 7.49 7.56 7.39 2. Conductivity at 482 750 730 804 182 482 250C in ms/cm 3. Total Suspended 6 8 2 4 4 8 Solid (TSS) in mg/L 4. Total Dissolved 304 472 458 506 114 304 Solids in mg/L 5. Total Hardness 152 164 248 140 52 108 (as CaCO3) in mg/L 6. Dissolved Oxygen 7.0 7.8 7.1 7.5 7.8 7.3 in mg/L 7. Biochemical 0.80 1.70 1.2 1.40 1.60 2.90 Oxygen Demand (for 3 days at 270 C) in mg/L 8. Chemical Oxygen 2.4 5.30 3.78 4.20 4.70 8.80 Demand in mg/L 9. Chloride as Cl in 115.85 45.77 75.96 262.18 36.50 118.89 mg/L

10. Sulphate (as SO4) 43.33 14.78 15.23 17.87 16.81 21.66 in mg/L 11. TKN mg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND

12. Nitrate (as NO3) 0.20 0.67 0.76 0.13 0.32 0.06 in mg/L 13. Iron (as Fe) in 0.19 0.32 0.24 0.18 0.14 0.22 mg/L 14. Cadmium (as Cd) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 in mg/L 15. Chromium (as Cr) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 in mg/L 16. Copper (as Cu) in <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 mg/L 17. Mercury (as Hg) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 in mg/L 18. Lead (as Pb) in <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 mg/L 19. Zinc (as Zn) in <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 mg/L 20. Fluoride (as F) in 1.45 0.45 0.34 0.82 0.23 1.15 mg/L 21. Oil & Grease in Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil mg/L 22. Phenolic <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

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Sl Water Quality LOCATIONS No. Parameters SW-1 SW-2 SW-3 SW-4 SW-5 SW-6 Gandalakamma Musi Proposed Water Water Pydlerili River Ongole Tank a t Tank a t Canal Bypass Musuru Dagadarthi Village Village Compounds in mg/L 23. Detergent(as <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 MBAS),mg/l 24. Phosaphate as Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil PO4 in mg/L 25. Total Coliform <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 Organism (MPN)/100 ml 26. Faecal Coliforms / Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent 100 ml The analysis result indicates that all the surface water bodies from which the water samples were taken meet the quality criteria for Class C (Drinking water source after conventional treatment and disinfection) and Class D (Propagation of Wildlife and Fisheries) of surface water. The pH, Dissolve Oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) for all the locations along the project road is within permissible limits. The pH is varying from 7.32 to 8.07, Dissolve Oxygen is varying from 7.0 mg/l to 7.8 mg/l and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) ranged from 0.80 mg/l to 2.90 mg/l. The Fluoride (as F) in mg/l is varying from 0.23 mg/l to 1.45 mg/l along the project road. The water samples of Gandalakamma and Pydlerili canals showed higher Fluoride content 1.45 mg/l, and 1.15 mg/l respectively, which is more than the desirable limit of 1.0 mg/l.

3.1.8 Groundwater Sources

The water table varies between 8 m to 20 m in the project area. There are some ground water resources identified in the project corridor. Groundwater resources consists of bore wells, tube wells, hand pumps and these are mainly used for irrigation, drinking, domestic and commercial purposes. The list of hand pumps, which fall along proposed ROW and are likely to be affected, is attached at Annexure 3.6. Keeping in view the importance of ground water, four ground water samples were taken for physico-chemical analysis along the project road. The details of ground water sampling locations are given in Table 3.9 the indicative map of ground water sampling locations is presented in Figure 3.6.

Table 3.9: Ground Water sampling locations S.N.l Location Name Location Date of Distance Type of Source Chainage Sampling from NH-5 (Km) (meter) 1 Marturu 1187 11.01.2011 20 Borewell 2 Muppavaram 1205 11.01.2011 10 Borewell 3 Trovagunta 1240 11.01.2011 10 Borewell 4 Proposed Ongole Near NTR 10.01.2011 2400 Hand Pump Bypass Colony 5 Kavali Bypass 1324 10.01.2011 15 Hand Pump 6 Kovour 1366 10.01.2011 30 Borewell

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The pH along the project road for all the locations is within permissible limit. The Total dissolve solid is varying from 214 to 960 mg/l for different locations along the project road. At three locations such as Marture, Bitragunta and Maddipadu, the Dissolve Solid is 960 mg/l, 830 mg/l and 718 mg/l respectively, which is more than the desirable limit as per IS:10,500 is 500 mg/l. The Total hardness

(as CaCO3) in mg/l is ranging from 136 to 328 mg/l for different locations along the project road. At Maddipadu, the Total hardness is 328 mg/l, which is more than the desirable limit of 300 mg/ l as per IS: 10,500. The Fluoride (as F) in mg/l is varying from 0.45 mg/l to 1.93 mg/l along the project road. At three locations such as Marture, Proposed Ongole bypass and Kovour, the Fluoride is 1.93 mg/l, 1.45 mg/l and 1.16 mg/l respectively, which is more than the desirable limit as per IS:10,500 is <1.0 mg/l after disinfection. The other heavy are within desirable limits. The results of ground water quality are given in Table 3.10.

Table 3.10: GROUND WATER QUALITY RESULTS Sl Water Quality LOCATIONS No. Parameters GW-1 GW-2 GW-3 GW-4 GW-5 GW-6 (Marturu) (Maddipadu) (Proposed (Bitragunta) (Kavali (Kovour) Ongole Bypass) Bypass) 1. pH ( at 280 C) 7.40 7.02 7.93 7.99 7.20 8.16 2. Conductivity at 1526 1140 492 1318 340 578 250C in ms/cm 3. Total Suspended 5 6 4 6 4 2 Solid (TSS) in mg/L 4. Total Dissolved 960 718 310 830 214 364 Solids in mg/L 5. Total Hardness (as 172 328 144 300 168 136 CaCO3) in mg/L 6. Dissolved Oxygen 7.1 7.6 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.2 in mg/L 7. Biochemical 0.40 0.30 0.30 0.40 0.30 0.20 Oxygen Demand (for 3 days at 270 C) in mg/L 8. Chemical Oxygen 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.2 1.0 Demand in mg/L 9. Chloride as Cl in 442.06 298.77 109.75 298.77 100.60 121.94 mg/L

10. Sulphate (as SO4) 27.12 68.02 38.78 92.27 23.78 38.48 in mg/L 11. TKN mg/L ND ND ND ND ND ND

12. Nitrate (as NO3) in 0.30 0.45 0.65 0.72 0.38 0.53 mg/L 13. Iron (as Fe) in 0.26 0.26 0.28 0.18 0.17 0.14 mg/L 14. Cadmium (as Cd) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 in mg/L 15. Chromium (as Cr) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 in mg/L 16. Copper (as Cu) in <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 mg/L 17. Mercury (as Hg) in <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 mg/L

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Sl Water Quality LOCATIONS No. Parameters GW-1 GW-2 GW-3 GW-4 GW-5 GW-6 (Marturu) (Maddipadu) (Proposed (Bitragunta) (Kavali (Kovour) Ongole Bypass) Bypass) 18. Lead (as Pb) in <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 mg/L 19. Zinc (as Zn) in <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 mg/L 20. Fluoride (as F) in 1.93 0.45 1.45 0.68 0.49 1.16 mg/L 21. Oil & Grease in Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil mg/L 22. Phenolic <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Compounds in mg/L 23. Detergent(as <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 MBAS),mg/l

24. Phosaphate as PO4 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil in mg/L 25. Total Coliform <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 <2.0 Organism (MPN)/100 ml 26. Faecal Coliforms / Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent 100 ml Source: Primary data collection 3.1.9 Ambient Air Quality:

To study the baseline ambient air quality scenario within the project corridor the ambient air quality was monitored at seven locations in the month of December, 2010 February 2011. The monitoring stations were selected considering the spatial relationship of various land uses along the project road, and CPCB guidelines. The details of Sampling Location are presented in Table 3.11 and Figure 3.7.

Table 3.11: Sampling Locations of Ambient Air Quality along the Project Corridor Sl. Sampling Location Traffic Section Location Coordinates Coordinates No Chainage (N) (E) (Km) 01 Marturu (25 mts. from Chilakaluripet - 1187 N15059’14.1” E080006’15.7” NH-5) AAQ1 Medarametla 02 Muppavaram AAQ6 Chilakaluripet - 1205 N15050’47.6” E080003’05.7” Medarametla 03 Maddipadu AAQ5 Medarametla – 1232 N15037’14.4” E080001’17.4” Ongole 04 Proposed Ongole Medarametla – Near NTR N15029’49.7” E080004’06.2” Bypass AAQ4 Ongole Colony 05 Bitragunta AAQ3 Kavali - Nellore 1270 N15018’32.2” E080001’41.2” 06 Kavali Bypass AAQ2 Kavali - Nellore 1324 N14052’23.4” E079059’11.1” 07 Kovour AAQ1 Kavali - Nellore 1366 N14030’33.5” E079059’13.6”

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Table 3 .12: A mbient A ir Q uality a long Chilakluripet to N ellore s ection NH-5 a t D ifferent Locations Monitoring Location Place Concentrations of Air Quality Parameters

Station Chainag SPM PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO Code e (Km) (µgm-3) (µgm- (µgm- (µgm-3) (µgm- (mgm- 3) 3) 3) 3) A. PRAKASAM DISTRICT AAQ-1 1187 Marturu 201 96 48 6 22.2 1.12 AAQ-2 1205 Muppavaram 215 97 48 6.6 16.1 1.03 AAQ-3 1232 Maddipadu 191 94 52 6.6 23.9 1.1 AAQ-4 Near NTR Ongole 220 107 47 <5 16.10 1.02 Colony Bypass AAQ-5 1270 Bitragunta 193 89 49 6 25 1.16 B. NELLORE DISTRICT AAQ-6 1324 Kavali Bypass 213 96 53 6 23.2 1.15 AAQ-7 1366 Kovur 215 93 51 5.7 25.1 1.07 AAQ - 100 60 80 80 2.0 Standards

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Figure 3.7: Sampling Location of Ambient Air Quality

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The average Suspended Particulate Manner (SPM) concentration in the air varied between 191µgm-3 and 220µgm-3 during the study period. The concentration of Particulate Matters -3 -3 having less than 10µ size (PM10) in the ambient air varied between 89 µgm to 107 µgm -3 -3 whereas the concentration of PM2.5 in the air ranged between 47 µgm and 53 µgm . The dryness of the areas, semi arid conditions and loose dust particles along the project corridor

caused higher concentration of PM10 and PM2.5. The other gaseous pollutants monitored in the ambient air were well within the National Ambient Air Quality Standard at all the locations.

3.1.10 Ambient Noise Level: Noise monitoring was carried out at different locations along the project road to understand the present scenario of noise pollution along the project section. Ten numbers of noise monitoring locations covering different types of environmental setting such as educational institutions religious place, residential and commercial locations along the project road has been identified for ambient noise monitoring. The noise monitoring locations along the project road are given in Table 3.13 and same is given in Figure 3.8.

Table 3.13: Noise Monitoring Locations along the project road Station Monitoring Machine Chainage Date of Type of Area Distance Code Location location (Km) Sampling from (NH5) (meter) N-1 Marturu Near Primary 1187 18/01/11 to Residential Cum 20 School 19/01/11 Commercial N-2 Narnevaaripalem Near Temple 1202+50 18/01/11 to Residential Cum 15 19/01/11 Commercial N-3 Muppavaram Near Govt. 1205 27/01/11 to Residential Cum 18 Hospital 28/01/11 Commercial N-4 Maddipadu Near Residential 1232 27/01/11 to Residential Cum 20 Colony 28/01/11 Commercial N-5 Trovagunta Near Residential 1240 25/01/11 to Residential Cum 15 Colony 26/01/11 Commercial N-6 Proposed Ongole NTR Colony Proposed 25/01/11 to Residential Area 2500 Bypass Ongole 26/01/11 Bypass N-7 Pelluru Near Sai School 1252+50 20/01/11 to Commercial Area 21/01/11 10 N-8 Velluru Near College 1256+35 20/01/11 to Mixed use 10 21/01/11 N-9 Kavali By Pass Near College 1324 18/01/11 to Mixed use 19/01/11 15 N-10 Kovour Near Temple 1366 18/01/11 to Commercial Area 19/01/11 15

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Figure 3.8: Noise Monitoring Locations along the project road

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The finding of the Noise level monitoring is presented in Table 3.14. The noise monitoring has been carried out ranging from 10 meters to 20 meter distance from National Highway except proposed Ongole bypass. The distance of noise monitoring from proposed Ongole bypass is 2.5 km. The noise monitoring result at Marturu (Near Primary School), Narnevaaripalem (Near Temple), Muppavaram (Near Govt. Hospital), Pelluru (Near Sai School), Velluru (Near College) and Kovour (Near Temple) are at higher value during day and night time as compared to standards of silence zone, due to mix category of areas. The noise monitoring result at Maddipadu (Near Residential Colony) and Proposed Ongole Bypass are within permissible limits during day and night time. The noise monitoring results at different locations along the project road are given in Table 3.14.

Table 3.14: Ambient Noise Level at different Location along Project Corridor Station Monitoring Chainage Distance Mean Mean Lmax Lmin Code Location (Km) from Day Night dB(A) dB(A) (NH5) time Time Leq (meter) Leq dB(A) dB(A) N-1 Marturu (Near 1187 20 65.8 53.3 71.0 47.3 Primary School) N-2 Narnevaaripalem 1202+50 15 60.4 54.3 64.7 44.5 (Near Temple) N-3 Muppavaram (Near 1205 18 58.0 50.3 69.0 41.4 Govt. Hospital) N-4 Maddipadu (Near 1232 20 55.0 42.8 63.0 38.0 Residential Colony) N-5 Trovagunta (Near 1240 15 65.5 56.6 74.0 35.6 Residential Colony) N-6 Proposed Ongole 2500 50.6 40.3 63.0 31.0 Bypass N-7 Pelluru (Near Sai 1252+50 10 57.9 48.8 74.2 47.6 School) N-8 Velluru (Near 1256+35 10 66.5 57.5 79.3 43.2 College) N-9 Kavali By Pass 1324 15 55.3 48.9 62.3 42.3 (Near College) N-10 Kovour (Near 1366 15 60.5 49.5 72.0 42.0 Temple) Source: Primary data collection

3.2 Ecological Resources: 3.2.1 Forest Area The project area is devoid of any significant vegetation of forests. The district wise forest coverage is low. Among the three concern district Prakasam has only 17.61 % forest coverage to its total geographical area, whereas Nellore has only 7.17% of its geographical area under forest. Guntur has as low as 7.58 % of its area under forest coverage (Table 3.15). Figure 3 .9 depicts that in all the three costal districts of Nellore, Prakasam and Gunture have forest far away from the project area. spatial extent of potential impacts on human health and natural and manmade resources. In the present case, the proposed highway is more than 30 Kms in length. At several locations (entry and exit points; rest areas and at toll plaza) the land acquisitions is more than 20 m. The proposed Ongole bypass is having a length of Hence, as per EIA notification 2006, the

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proposed project falls under Category A and attracts the conditions of obtaining prior Environmental Clearance from Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF).

Table 3 .15: District-wise Fo rest C overage ( in sq Km ) (Source Andhra Pradesh Forest Statistics, 2007) District Geographical Very Moderately Open Total % of Area Dense Dense Forest Forest Geographical Forest area Guntur 11,391 0 219 644 863 7.58 Prakasam 17,626 172 1,342 1,590 3,104 17.61 Nellore 13,076 5 261 671 937 7.17 Andhra 2,75,069 820 24,757 19,525 45,102 16.4 Pradesh Total

Figure 3.9: Forest Coverage in Andhra Pradesh Along the project corridor open bushy vegetation are situated. There are some pockets of Reserved Forests located in closed vicinity and some are extended within the proposed right of way, hence are likely to be affected and diversion of forest area will be required. Some plantation of Eucalyptus and Babool plantation has been carried out in these forest areas. The list of Reserve Forest area falling within the proposed ROW is presented in Table 3.16. Table 3.16: Reserve Forest within Corridor of Impact Forest Section Chianage (Km) From To Length (Km) A. Guntur District Nil Nil Nil B. Prakasam District Mocherla R.F. 1297.8 1299.2 1.4 Mocherla R.F. 1297.8 1299.2 1.4

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Forest Section Chianage (Km) From To Length (Km) Ravuru RF 1302.6 1303.6 1 Mocherla Chalamcharla RF 1302.7 1303.6 0.9 Cheveru 1303.65 1304.2 0.55 Cheveru 1303.65 1304.3 0.65 Cheveru 1305.45 1305.46 0.01 Cheveru R.F. 1306.5 1307.9 1.4 Total 7.31 C. Nellore District Rudrakota, R.F. 1307.9 1309.4 1.5 Gawravaram, R.F. 1331.5 1332.2 0.7 Allimadugu Bogole 1332.09 1332.1 0.01 Kothapali Kavuru Gunta R.F. 1347.19 1348.5 1.31 3.52 3.2.2 Ecologically Protected Area:

There is no any National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Tiger Reserves, notified ecologically sensitive area, or any other significant area of ecological interest situated within 15 Km radius except for reserved forest areas. No endangered or protective species reported from the project area. 3.2.3 Roadside Tree Plantation:

A total number of 32506 trees of varying girth are located within the corridor of impact and are likely to be felled due to the project. Out of these, a total number of 273 trees will required to be cut in the district Guntur, 25144 from Prakasam District and rest 7089 in Nellore district. The average distance of the tree rows from the edges of the existing carriageway varied between 5 m to 8 m. The baseline studies showed that there is no any endangered or protected tree species located within the project area. The predominant tree species to be felled include Gulmohar (Delonix regia), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Imli (Tamarindus indica), Acacia auriculiformis and Albizzia.lebbeck (Kala Siris) and rest are having mainly ornamental & firewood. These are all ubiquitous species.

Table 3.17: Tree Species along Roadside S.No. Common Name Botanical Name 1. Palm Barassus flabellitor 2. Coconut Cocus nucifera 3. Siris Albezia lebbeck 4. Gulmohar Delonix regia 5. Banyan Ficus benghalensis 6. Peepal Ficus religiosa 7. Tamarind Tamarindus Indica 8. Mango Magnifera Indica 9. Ashoka Polyalthia longitolia 10. Acasia auriculiformis Acasia auriculiformis 10. Eucalyptus Eucalyptus sp. 11. Akashmani - 12. Neeru Azarichta Indica The complete list of the trees species along with their girth size are presented in Annexure- 3.7 and Annexure 3 .8 which are falling within the ROW in main alignment and Ongole Bypass alignment, respectively.

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3.2.4 Fauna

The faunal population along the project corridor is constituted by mainly domestic animal such as cattles, goats, dogs, etc. The common birds observed in the area are crows, ducks, eagles, cranes, etc. There is no natural habitat of wild fauna along the project corridor. There are no endangered/endemic species reported from the area. The stretch is not on migratory route of animals and birds.

3.3 Social Environment: 3.3.1 Demographic Profile

Demographic profile has an important bearing on the development process. According to the 2001 census, the total population of Guntur district is about 44.65 lakhs, Prakasam 30.59 lakhs and Nellore district is about 26.68 lakhs. The proportion of urban population is 28.8% in Guntur district, 15.3% in Prakasam and around 49.6% in Nellore district. (Table 2) The number of households in Guntur, Prakasam and Nellore districts are 1077303, 702559 and 640942 respectively. The average household size in Guntur, Prakasam and Nellore districts is 4.1, 4.4, 4.2 persons per household respectively. The Sex ratio for both Guntur and Nellore districts is 984 and for Prakasam it is 972. The Sex ratio in all the three projects slightly varies in urban and rural areas. The proportion of SC population in Guntur, Prakasam and Nellore districts is 18.3%, 21.3% and 22% to total population respectively.

Table 3.19: Demographic Profile of Guntur, Prakasam and Nellore districts

Guntur Prakasam Nellore Description Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban No. of 1,077,303 783,685 293,618 702,559 595,288 107,271 640,942 504,132 136,810 Households Population Persons 4,465,144 3,179,384 1,285,760 30,59,423 25,92,055 4,67,368 2,668,564 20,69,521 5,99,043 Males 2,250,279 1,604,767 645,512 15,52,332 13,16,473 2,35,859 1,344,935 10,43,308 3,01,627 Females 2,214,865 1,574,617 640,248 15,07,091 12,75,582 2,31,509 1,323,629 10,26,213 2,97,416

Sex ratio (Females per 984 981 992 972 969 981 984 983 986 1000 Males) Proportion of SC Population 18.3 21.3 11.0 21.3 23.1 11.5 22.00 38.28 5.46 (%) Proportion of ST Population 4.7 5.4 2.9 3.9 3.8 4.1 9.08 15.71 2.34 (%) Source: Primary Census Abstract, Census of India, 2001

3.3.2 Literacy The total literacy rate for Guntur, Prakasam and Nellore districts as per 2001 census is 62.5%, 57.4% and 65.1% respectively.. It is observed that the male literacy is higher as compared to female literacy rate in all the three projects districts. A variation across the rural and urban areas and the gender gap in literacy for all the three project districts is presented in the following Table.

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Table 3.20: Literacy of Guntur, Prakasam and Nellore districts Literacy Rate (%) Guntur Prakasam Nellore Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Persons 62.5 58.1 73.4 57.4 54.5 73.3 65.1 61.4 77.7 Males 71.2 67.4 80.7 69.4 67.0 82.2 73.7 70.6 84.1 Females 53.7 48.7 66.1 45.1 41.5 64.3 56.4 52.0 71.2 Gender gap in 17.5 18.7 14.6 24.3 25.5 17.9 17.3 17.4 12.9 literacy Source: Primary Census Abstract, Census of India, 2001 3.3.3 Work Participation

The occupational classification as per 2001 Census shows that the total workers in the Guntur district account for 21.90 lakh constituting 49.1 % of the total population of the district. As far as Prakasam and Nellore districts are concerned, total workers with proportionate to total population are about 15.37 lakh (50.3%) and 12.11 lakh (45.4%) respectively. Out of the total number of workers, main workers accounted for 41.9%, 42.7% and 36.9% in Guntur, Prakasam and Nellore districts respectively. Of the remaining population, around 7.2%, 7.5% and 8.5% are marginal workers. It can be seen from the below table that, in all the three project districts nearly half of the total population are non-workers. The details across gender are presented in the following Table.

Table 3.21: Proportion of Workers and non workers in Guntur, Prakasam and Nellore districts Description Guntur Prakasam Nellore Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Work Participation 49.1 59.1 38.9 50.3 57.7 42.6 45.4 58.3 32.3 Rate (%) Proportion of Main 41.9 53.9 29.6 42.7 52.7 32.4 36.9 51.8 21.8 Workers (%) Proportion of Marginal Workers 7.2 5.1 9.2 7.5 4.9 10.2 8.5 6.5 10.5 (%) Proportion of Non 50.9 40.9 61.1 49.7 42.3 57.4 54.6 41.7 67.7 Workers (%) Source: Primary Census Abstract, Census of India, 2001

3.3.4 Occupation Profile The occupation classification showed that of the total number of workers, the main workers comprise of cultivators (17.8%), agricultural labourers (49.0%), household industries workers (2.4%) and other workers (30.8%) in Guntur district. Whereas in Prakasam and Nellore districts, of the total main workers, 24.6% and 17.6% are cultivators, 43.8% and 44.7% are agricultural labourers, 3.7% and 4% are depending on HH Industries and the remaining 27.9% and 33.7% are other workers. Table below gives the details of the occupation across gender.

Table 3.22: Occupation profile of Guntur, Prakasam and Nellore districts Occupation Guntur Prakasam Nellore (Proportion to Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female total workers) Cultivators 17.8 20.1 14.2 24.6 27.5 20.6 17.6 20.8 11.8

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Occupation Guntur Prakasam Nellore (Proportion to Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female total workers) Agricultural laborers 49.0 37.4 67.0 43.8 33.0 58.8 44.7 33.8 64.7 Household Industries 2.4 2.1 2.9 3.7 3.2 4.3 4.0 3.3 5.3 Other workers 30.8 40.4 15.9 27.9 36.3 16.3 33.7 42.1 18.2 Source: Primary Census Abstract, Census of India, 2001

3.3.5 Human Use Values The land adjacent to the project alignment is primarily in use for agriculture. Three crops are taken annually: Rabi, Kharif and Zaid. The major share of the land use is cultivation in all the concern districts. Paddy, Jowar, Bajra, millets are the main food crops among cereals, blackgram and red gram among pulses and cotton, chillies, turmeric and tobacco among non- food and commercial crops in the project area.

3.3.6 Settlements There are a number of small and large settlements adjacent to project alignment. Most of the settlements are villages and towns. Most of the larger settlements are also like villages that have grown out of proportions rather than cities. There are in all about 34 villages along the alignment. In addition to these villages there are seven towns also. The names of these towns are Medarametla, Ongole, Tangatuva, Singarayakonda, Ulapavadu, Kavali and Razupalam.

3.3.7 Markets There are permanent markets in larger settlements. This trade in food grains in wholesale quantities and other items of daily needs of these settlements as well as villages nearby. Most of these markets assemble once or twice a week. The commonly traded items are vegetables, cattle and groceries.

3.3.8 Cultural Properties A number of cultural properties are there within RoW of project road and proposed alignment of bypasses mainly in the form of religious structures. Altogether about 42 religious structures are located in close vicinity which may be affected due to the proposed project. The detail of these cultural properties is given below:

Table 3.23: Religious Features along the Project Corridor Location Sl. Type of LHS/RHS of Existing No. structure Chainage (Km) Place Highway Section A. Prakasam District 1 Temple 1194.46 RHS Konanki 2 Temple 1194.475 RHS Konanki 3 Temple 1194.48 RHS Konanki 4 Temple 1194.485 RHS Konanki 5 Temple 1194.495 RHS Konanki 6 Temple 1196.01 RHS Konanki 7 Temple 1200.6 RHS Kondamanjulur 8 Temple 1202 RHS Kondamanjulur 9 Temple 1205.6 RHS Muppavaram 10 Temple 1211.43 RHS Alavalapadu

3-31

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in EIA Report the State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment

11 Temple 1227.025 RHS Gundlapally 12 Temple 1229.7 RHS Vellampally 13 Temple 1231.21 LHS Maddipadu 14 Temple 1231.21 LHS Maddipadu 15 Temple 1233.92 LHS Seetharam puram 16 Temple 1233.92 LHS Seetharam puram 17 Temple 1235.76 LHS Doddavarapu padu 18 Temple 1239.935 LHS Throvagunta 19 Temple 1243.05 RHS ongole 20 Temple 1244.12 RHS ongole 21 Temple 1244.68 LHS Ongole 22 Temple 1245.55 LHS Ongole 23 Temple 1245.72 RHS Ongole 24 Temple 1300.3 RHS Mocharla 25 Temple 1300.74 RHS Tettu 26 Temple 1301.55 LHS Tettu 27 Temple 1301.55 LHS Tettu 28 Mosque 1301.55 LHS Tettu 29 Temple 1301.55 LHS Tettu B. NELLORE DISTRICT 30 Temple 1311.81 LHS Maddurupadu 31 Temple 1313.17 RHS Maddurupadu 32 Temple 1313.17 RHS Maddurupadu 33 Church 1329.18 LHS Gourvaram 34 Temple 1333.51 RHS Kadanauathala 35 Temple 1333.55 RHS Kadanauathala 36 Temple 1333.55 RHS Kadanauathala 37 Temple 1334.415 RHS Kovurupalli 38 Temple 1334.415 RHS Kovurupalli 39 Temple 1337.55 LHS Tippa 40 Temple 1346.79 RHS Sunnapubattilu 41 Temple 1347.01 RHS Sunnapubattilu 42 Temple 1350.26 LHS Racharlapadu

Protected Monuments and Properties of Archaeological Value There are no protected archaeological properties or monuments along the project road alignment.

Industries The project districts have medium scale as well as small-scale industries. The best opportunities for developing an industry in these districts is due to its advantages of raw materials, skilled labours, easy finances, power and having a congenial industrial atmosphere. Along the project corridor the main industry identified mineral industries, granites units, drugs, fisheries, cotton yarn, textile, milk products and tobacco processing, etc. No major industry is located along the project road.

3-32

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.1)

ANNEXURE-3.1

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.1)

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.2)

ANNEXURE-3.2

WIND ROSES OF NELLORE AND ONGOLE (PERIOD 1975-1990) (Source IMD, Hyderabad)

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.2)

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.3)

ANNEXURE 3.3

AVERAGE DAILY WEATHER CONDITION AT ONGOLE Sl Date Temperature (°C) Average daily Humidity Rainfall No wind Speed (%) (mm) (m/sec) Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum 1 06.01.2011 31 21 1.1 94 36 0 2 07.01.2011 28 21 1.275 89 44 0 3 08.01.2011 29 22 0.1375 88 42 0 4 09.01.2011 30 21 1.1125 94 48 0 5 10.01.2011 29 22 1.2791 92 41 0 6 11.01.2012 30 20 1.15 85 30 0 7 12.01.2013 28 20 1.1291 84 30 0 8 13.01.2014 30 19 1.1833 80 45 0 9 14.01.2015 29 20 1.2541 90 43 0 10 15.01.2016 29 21 1.0333 93 38 0 11 16.01.2017 29 21 1.1125 90 42 0 12 17.01.2018 31 21 0.9875 92 26 0 13 18.01.2019 30 21 1.0625 90 48 0 14 19.01.2020 30 21 1.025 90 40 0 15 20.01.2021 29 21 1.0333 86 43 0 16 21.01.2022 29 21 1.2416 92 46 0 17 22.01.2023 83 21 1.0625 93 56 0 18 23.01.2024 28 21 0.6666 94 38 0 19 24.01.2025 30 21 1.2833 92 39 0 20 25.01.2026 23 21 1.325 91 36 0 21 26.01.2027 29 21 1.1416 92 39 0 22 27.01.2028 31 22 1.1458 92 40 0 23 28.01.2029 28 22 1.2708 90 40 0 24 29.01.2030 28 21 1.0875 92 41 0 25 30.01.2031 31 22 1.1958 92 38 0 26 31.01.2032 29 22 1.1833 92 38 0 27 01.02.2011. 31 21 1.10833 94 36 0 28 02.02.2011. 31 21 1.2291 92 49 0 29 03.02.2011. 28 22 0.83 93 45 0 30 04.02.2011. 30 22 1.3125 93 42 0 31 05..02.2011. 31 22 1.3333 94 39 0 Month 31.03 21.12 1.1 91 41 0 Average

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.4)

ANNEXURE 3.4

Chainage wise Land use pattern for project road

Chainage (Km) Land use Remarks From To LHS RHS 1182+802 1184+200 Agriculture Agriculture 1184+300 Pond 1184+200 1185+800 Agriculture Agriculture 1185+800 1186+000 Tank Martur 1185+800 1186+300 Granite Industry Martur 1186+000 1192+000 Village Village Martur 1192+000 1195+400 Agriculture Agriculture 1195+400 Pond Konanki 1195+500 1196+500 Village Village Konanki 1196+500 1198+700 Agriculture Agriculture 1198+700 1198+900 Open Area Agg 1198+900 1199+400 Open Area Open Area 1199+400 1200+000 Toll Plaza Toll Plaza Bolla palli 1200+000 1202+000 Agriculture Agriculture 1202+000 1202+400 Builtup Builtup 1202+400 1203+100 Agriculture Barren 1203+100 1204+100 Agriculture Agriculture 1204+100 1205+100 Village Village Muppavaram 1205+500 1207+300 Agriculture Agriculture Jagarlamudivaripale 1207+300 1207+700 Village Village m 1207+700 1208+600 Agriculture Agriculture 1208+600 1209+800 Village Village Renangivaram 1209+800 1214+300 Agriculture Agriculture 1214+300 1214+700 Village Village Korisa padu 1214+700 1218+200 Agriculture Agriculture 1218+200 1218+800 Agriculture Hill 1218+800 1218+900 Agriculture Agriculture 1218+900 1219+100 Shops Shops 1219+100 1222+900 Agriculture Agriculture 1222+900 1224+000 Village Village Timmanapalem 1223+116 Tank 1224+000 1224+700 Open Area Open Area 1224+700 1225+400 Agriculture Agriculture 1225+400 1226+500 Open Area Open Area 1226+500 1227+800 Village Village Gullapalli 1227+800 1230+400 Agriculture Agriculture 1230+400 1232+700 Village Village Maddipadu

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.4)

Chainage (Km) Land use Remarks From To LHS RHS 1232+700 1233+400 Agriculture Agriculture 1233+400 1234+200 Village Village Kostalu 1234+200 1235+700 Agriculture Agriculture 1235+700 1236+100 Open Area Open Area 1236+100 1236+300 Agriculture Agriculture 1236+300 1238+600 Agriculture Agriculture 1238+600 1239+100 Builtup Builtup 1239+100 1240+700 Agriculture Agriculture 1240+700 1241+900 Village Village Yeduguntlapadu 1241+900 1244+000 Open Area Open Area 1244+000 1246+200 Town Town Ongole 1246+200 1247+200 Builtup Builtup 1247+200 1247+400 Open Area Open Area 1247+400 1247+700 Tank Barren Ramiah Tank 1247+700 1249+100 Barren Barren 1249+100 1251+200 Builtup Builtup 1251+200 1251+700 Open Area Open Area 1251+700 1252+200 Builtup Builtup 1252+200 1253+100 Village Village Pelluru 1253+100 1253+400 Open Area Open Area 1253+400 1254+000 Agriculture Tank Valluramma tank 1254+000 1254+400 Agriculture Open Area 1254+400 1254+800 Agriculture Tank 1254+800 1255+600 Agriculture Open Area 1255+600 1256+300 Agriculture Tank 1256+300 1256+700 Village Village Valluru 1256+700 1256+900 Open Area Tank 1256+900 1257+500 Agriculture Agriculture 1257+500 1257+900 Village Village Surareddy palem 1257+900 1267+300 Agriculture Agriculture 1267+300 1269+500 Open Area Open Area 1269+500 1270+300 Agriculture Agriculture 1270+300 1271+000 Village Village Kalika bitragunta 1271+000 1275+000 Agriculture Agriculture 1274+554 Tank Tank 1275+000 1277+400 Open Area Open Area 1277+400 1278+600 Agriculture Agriculture 1278+600 1279+800 Open Area Open Area 1279+800 1283+700 Open Area Open Area 1283+700 1284+100 Village Village Karadu 1284+100 1287+100 Agriculture Agriculture

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.4)

Chainage (Km) Land use Remarks From To LHS RHS 1287+100 1288+900 Open Area Open Area 1288+900 1291+600 Agriculture Agriculture 1291+600 1291+900 Builtup Builtup 1291+900 1292+700 Reserve Forest Tank 1292+700 1293+400 Reserve Forest Reserve Forest 1293+400 1294+600 Reserve Forest Agg 1294+600 1294+900 Village Village Chagallu 1294+900 1295+200 Reserve Forest Builtup 1295+200 1297+200 Agriculture Agriculture 1297+200 1298+800 Reserve Forest Reserve Forest 1298+800 1300+200 Agriculture Agriculture 1300+200 1300+800 Village Village Mocharla 1300+800 1301+400 Open Area Open Area 1301+400 1302+000 Builtup Tank Tettu 1302+000 1302+400 Village Village Tettu 1302+400 1304+200 Reserve Forest Reserve Forest 1304+200 1304+700 Village Village Ravuru 1304+700 1305+100 Open Area Open Area 1305+100 1305+600 Agriculture Agriculture 1305+600 1306+000 Builtup Open Area 1306+000 1306+800 Tank Tank Ekurupadu 1306+800 1308+100 Reserve Forest Reserve Forest 1308+100 1308+500 Agriculture Agriculture 1308+500 1309+500 Agriculture Open Area 1309+500 1310+000 Open Area Open Area 1310+000 1311+200 Agriculture Agriculture 1311+200 1311+800 Open Area Open Area 1311+800 1313+500 Village Village Madduru padu 1313+500 1319+300 Agriculture Agriculture 1319+300 1319+900 Tank Tank Jutur 1319+900 1324+300 Barren Barren 1324+300 1324+400 Tank Tank Musnur 1324+400 1328+500 Agriculture Agriculture 1328+500 1329+300 Village Village Gowrawaram 1329+300 1330+500 Agriculture Tank Gowrawaram 1330+500 1333+000 Agriculture Agriculture 1333+000 1333+700 Village Village Kadumetla 1333+700 1333+900 Agriculture Agriculture 1333+900 1335+000 Agriculture Tank Kadunutala 1335+000 1335+300 Agriculture Agriculture 1335+300 1335+700 Agriculture Tank Kavurpalli 1335+700 1336+300 Agriculture Agriculture

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.4)

Chainage (Km) Land use Remarks From To LHS RHS 1336+300 1337+100 Village Village Bogolu 1337+100 1337+900 Agriculture Agriculture 1337+900 1340+000 Open Area Open Area 1340+000 1340+700 Village Village Vulavapadu 1340+700 1342+800 Agriculture Agriculture 1342+800 1343+100 Agriculture Tank Lions nagar 1343+100 1345+800 Open Area Open Area 1345+800 1346+700 Village & Tank Village Sunnapubatti 1346+700 1349+400 Open Area Open Area 1349+400 1349+750 Open Area Tank 1349+750 1350+100 Open Area Agriculture 1350+100 1350+500 Village Village Racharlapadu 1350+500 1351+100 Agriculture Agriculture 1351+100 1353+000 Open Area Open Area 1353+000 1354+300 Village Village 1354+300 1355+100 Agriculture Agriculture 1355+100 1355+400 Village Village Boddavaripalem 1355+400 1356+800 Agriculture Agriculture 1356+800 1357+500 Village Village Naidupalem 1357+500 1358+200 Agriculture Agriculture 1358+200 1360+100 Barren Barren 1360+100 1366+500 Agriculture Agriculture

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.5)

ANNEXURE 3.5

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.5)

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.6)

ANNEXURE-3.6 Catchment of Major rivers along the project stretch

GOOGLE Earth extract of Major Rivers Gundalakamma (KM 1229) and Mudigandi (KM 1240)

GOOGLE Earth extract of Major Rivers Musi (KM 1262), Palleru (KM 1269) and other Streams

GOOGLE Earth extract of Major Rivers Maneru (KM 1282.5) and Chillavagu Stream (KM 1286)

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.7)

ANNEXURE 3.7 List of Bore Well/Well, Hand pump and Water Tanks within Corridor of Impact Sl No Type of Features Location Chianage LHS/ RHS from Village/Town (Km) Centre line A. Guntur District Total Affected F eatures in Guntur District Bore well 0 Open well 0 Hand pump 0 Water tank 0 B. Prakasam District 1 Bore well 1185+980 RHS Rajupalem 2 Bore well 1186+485 RHS Martur 3 Bore well 1187+300 RHS Martur 4 Bore well 1187+720 RHS Martur 5 Bore well 1187+780 RHS Martur 6 Bore well 1187+880 RHS Martur 7 Water tank 1188+500 RHS Martur 8 Bore well 1188+590 RHS Martur 9 Bore well 1188+635 RHS Martur 10 Bore well 1188+640 RHS Martur 11 Bore well 1188+725 RHS Martur 12 Bore well 1188+800 RHS Martur 13 Bore well 1191+800 LHS Jonnatali 14 Bore well 1194+425 RHS Konanki 15 Bore well 1194+435 RHS Konanki 16 Bore well 1194+460 RHS Konanki 17 Open well 1194+460 RHS Konanki 18 Bore well 1194+560 RHS Konanki 19 Water tank 1194+560 RHS Konanki 20 Bore well 1195+825 RHS Konanki 21 Open well 1195+825 RHS Konanki 22 Bore well 1199+380 RHS Bollapalli 23 Open well 1200+630 RHS Kondamanjulur 24 Bore well 1200+660 RHS Kondamanjulur 25 Burwell 1202+100 RHS Narne varipalem 26 Bore well 1202+150 RHS Narne varipalem 27 Water tank 1204+680 RHS Muppavaram 28 Bore well 1204+700 LHS Muppavaram 29 Bore well 1204+790 RHS Muppavaram 30 Open well 1207+660 RHS Jagarlamudi vari palem 31 Bore well 1208+620 RHS Ranangivaram

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.7)

Sl No Type of Features Location Chianage LHS/ RHS from Village/Town (Km) Centre line 32 Bore well 1210+500 RHS Alavalapadu 33 Open well 1211+450 RHS Venkatapuram 34 Bore well 1215+010 LHS Korisapadu 35 Water tank 1219+500 LHS Medara metla 36 Bore well 1226+630 RHS Gundlapally 37 Bore well 1226+980 RHS Gundlapally 38 Water tank 1226+980 RHS Gundlapally 39 Bore well 1229+530 RHS Vellampally 40 Bore well 1229+700 RHS Vellampally 41 Open well 1233+920 LHS Seetharam puram 42 Bore well 1245+245 RHS Ongole 43 Bore well 1245+425 RHS Ongole 44 Bore well 1245+440 RHS Ongole 45 Bore well 1245+500 RHS Ongole 46 Bore well 1245+790 RHS Ongole 47 Bore well 1246+100 RHS ongole 48 Bore well 1246+650 RHS ongole 49 Bore well 1252+700 RHS Pelluru 50 Hand Pump 1252+800 RHS Pelluru 51 Open well 1259+300 RHS Surareddy palem 52 Bore well 1259+300 RHS Surareddy palem 53 Water tank 1263+010 RHS Tangutur 54 Bore well 1270+230 RHS Tangutur 55 Bore well 1270+250 RHS K. Bitragunta 56 Bore well 1270+750 LHS K. Bitragunta 57 Bore well 1277+900 RHS Singarayakonda 58 Bore well 1283+830 RHS Karedu 59 Open well 1285+550 RHS Ulvapadu 60 Bore well 1291+600 RHS Narne varipalem 61 Open well 1294+830 RHS Chagallu 62 Open well 1294+890 RHS Chagallu 63 Open well 1300+542 RHS Mocharla 64 Bore well 1300+770 LHS Tettu 65 Hand Pump 1301+800 RHS Tettu 66 Open well 1302+400 RHS Tettu 67 Bore well 1302+400 RHS Tettu Total Affected Features in Prakasam District Bore well 47 Open well 12 Hand pump 2 Water tank 6 C. Nellore District

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.7)

Sl No Type of Features Location Chianage LHS/ RHS from Village/Town (Km) Centre line 1 Openwell 1311+935 RHS Maddurupadu 2 Openwell 1312+140 RHS Maddurupadu 3 Openwell 1312+700 RHS Maddurupadu 4 Openwell 1313+170 RHS Maddurupadu 5 Openwell 1313+170 RHS Maddurupadu 6 Openwell 1313+190 RHS Maddurupadu 7 Openwell 1328+700 RHS Gourvaram 8 Openwell 1328+950 LHS Gourvaram 9 Openwell 1328+980 RHS Gourvaram 10 Openwell 1329+100 LHS Gourvaram 11 Openwell 1329+110 RHS Gourvaram 12 Openwell 1330+525 RHS Gourvaram 13 Openwell 1333+545 RHS Kadanauathala 14 Openwell 1334+435 RHS Kovurupalli 15 Openwell 1334+465 RHS Kovurupalli 16 Openwell 1334+495 RHS Kovurupalli 17 Openwell 1346+800 RHS Sunnapubattilu 18 Openwell 1353+090 RHS Regadichelika 19 Openwell 1353+120 RHS Regadichelika 20 Openwell 1354+035 RHS Chandra sekara palem Total Affected Features in Nellore District Bore well 0 Open well 20 Hand pump 0 Water tank 0

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

ANNEXURE 3.8

SPECIES CUM GIRTH WISE TOTAL NUMBER OF TREES Left Hand Side Right Hand Side

Species Species

Grand Total

Km Girt e (Jangle Jilavi) Jilavi) e (Jangle h Jilavi) e (Jangle e (Seema chinta) e (Seema e (Seema chinta) e (Seema Size Total Total others others (CM others ) Alstonia scholaris Alstonia scholaris Alstonia scholaris Alstonia scholaris Albizia lebbeck (Siris) (Siris) Albizia lebbeck Albizia lebbeck (Siris) (Siris) Albizia lebbeck Acacia nilotica (Babul) Acacia nilotica (Babul) Tamarindus indica (Emli) Tamarindus indica (Emli) Tamarindus indica (Emli) Tamarindus indica (Emli) Delonix regia (Gulmohar) Delonix regia (Gulmohar) Delonix regia (Gulmohar) Delonix regia (Gulmohar) Syzigium cumunii (Jamun) Syzigium cumunii (Jamun) Azadirachta indica (Neem) Syzigium cumunii (Jamun) Syzigium cumunii (Jamun) Azadirachta indica (Neem) Phoenix Sylvestris (Khazur) (Khazur) Phoenix Sylvestris Phoenix Sylvestris (Khazur) (Khazur) Phoenix Sylvestris Ficus benghalensis (Banyan) Ficus benghalensis (Banyan) Ficus benghalensis (Banyan) Ficus benghalensis (Banyan) Cassia auriculata (Thangedu) Cassia auriculata (Thangedu) Cocos nucifera (Coconut Tree) Cocos nucifera (Coconut Tree) Bauhinia tomentosa (Kanchan) Bauhinia tomentosa (Kanchan) Borassus Flabellifer (Palm / tad) / tad) Borassus Flabellifer (Palm Borassus Flabellifer (Palm / tad) / tad) Borassus Flabellifer (Palm Callistemon citrinus (Bottlebrush) Callistemon citrinus (Bottlebrush) Callistemon citrinus (Bottlebrush) Callistemon citrinus (Bottlebrush) Pithecellobium dulc Pithecellobium dulc Pithecellobium dulc Pithecellobium dulc

GUNTUR DISTRICT 1182+2 30- 20- 0 0 0 0 38 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 53 60 1183 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 38 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 42 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 53 b Tot al 1183- 30- 0 0 0 4 69 50 2 70 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 197 0 0 0 0 5 0 011000000003 19 216 1184 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 00000000000 4 4 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 4 69 50 2 70 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 197 0 0 0 4 5 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 23 220 b Tot al District Total 0 0 0 4 10 50 2 73 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 239 0 0 0 4 16 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 34 273 7 PRAKASAM DISTRICT 1184- 30- 0 0 0 0 20 10 8 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 49 0 0 0 0470 025000000002 74 123 1185 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 00002010010 6 6 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 20 10 8 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 49 0 0 0 0 47 2 0 25 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 1 2 80 129

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

b Tot al 1185- 30- 0 0 0 0 35 51 33 0 12 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 137 0 0 0 0252000300000001 49 186 1186 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 4 2 0 0 00000100000 10 10 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 35 51 33 0 12 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 137 0 3 4 2 25 20 0 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 59 196 b Tot al 1186- 30- 0 0 0 0 5 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 5 1 21000000 00 9 19 1187 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 03000000000 6 6 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 00000000000 1 1 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000100 1 1 0 Su 0 0 0 0 5 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 3 0 0 1 5 1 2 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 17 27 b Tot al 1187- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12003210010 10 10 1188 60 60- 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 3 0 0 00000000010 4 10 90 90- 0 1 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 9 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000100 1 2 0 Su 0 2 1 8 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 16 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 2 0 0 3 2 1 0 1 2 0 15 31 b Tot al 1188- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 00000000000 1 1 1189 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 00000542080 23 23 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 1 0 0 00010000000 18 18 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 00000000100 4 4 0 Su 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 4 5 0 0 0 0 1 0 5 4 2 1 8 0 46 46 b Tot al 1189- 30- 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 2 3 10000100010 10 12 1190 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 10000000000 2 2 90 90- 0 0 0 2 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000100 1 6 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 2 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 2 0 0 1 2 3 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 13 20 b Tot al

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

1190- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 2303543202520050 94 94 1191 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 00000000000 3 3 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 00000111010 9 9 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000100 1 1 0 Su 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 10 30 35 4 3 2 0 2 6 3 1 1 6 0 107 107 b Tot al 1191- 30- 0 0 0 0 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 20 20 20 0 11 0 14 15 6 0 0 14 0 120 125 1192 60 60- 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 5 0 0 00000100010 7 8 90 90- 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0001 2 1110 8 9 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 00000000100 2 2 0 Su 0 0 0 2 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 8 20 20 20 0 11 1 14 18 6 1 2 16 0 137 144 b Tot al 1192- 30- 5 0 3 0 25 19 8 0 0 0 5 6 0 0 0 0 0 71 0 0 10 01113445017172 024 89 160 1193 60 60- 1 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 7 0 0 00000000000 7 14 90 90- 2 1 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000540040 13 22 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 8 1 3 12 25 19 8 0 0 0 5 6 0 0 0 0 0 87 0 0 10 7 11 13 4 4 5 0 17 22 6 0 0 6 4 109 196 b Tot al 1193- 30- 31 15 1 0 8 2 8 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 71 650 0 0 3 4 30200000021 80 151 1194 60 60- 4 5 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000100000 1 16 90 90- 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 2 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000100 1 9 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 35 23 1 0 8 2 8 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 7 5 94 65 0 0 0 3 4 3 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 1 82 176 b Tot al 1194- 30- 16 4 11 0 3 17 1 1 0 8 9 4 0 0 5 0 79 133 5 0 5 2120500000000 45 124 1195 60 60- 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 10000000020 5 6 90 90- 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 5 0 3 0 2 0 2 37015240120 32 37 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 17 8 11 0 3 0 17 1 1 0 8 9 4 0 1 5 0 85 14 6 5 2 5 5 16 7 5 1 5 2 4 0 1 4 0 82 167 b Tot al 1195- 30- 3 0 3 0 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 32 0 0 3 0 3 0 11300000000 11 43 1196 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 3 0 0 00050000000 13 13 90

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 2 0 12020000000 11 11 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 3 0 3 0 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 32 0 7 3 5 5 0 2 3 3 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 35 67 b Tot al 1196- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 5 0 4 5 2 0 0 5 2 30 0 3 0 0 0 0 0301100120022 51 81 1197 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000100030 4 4 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000100 1 1 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 5 0 4 5 2 0 0 5 2 30 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 30 11 0 0 2 2 0 1 5 2 56 86 b Tot al 1197- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 03000000000 3 3 1198 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 b Tot al 1198- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00100000000 1 1 1199 60 60- 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 9 90 90- 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 0 0 0 0 00000000000 4 5 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 9 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 15 b Tot al 1199- 30- 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 4 1 0 0 20100000000 8 10 1200 60 60- 0 18 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 0 0 3 0 0 0 00000000000 3 22 90 90- 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000400000 4 14 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 28 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 31 0 0 7 1 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 15 46 b Tot al 1200- 30- 3 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 7 1 0 0 0 0 1 1130 410002 14 21 1201 60 60- 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 00040000000 5 7 90 90- 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 00000100100 4 7 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

Su 3 5 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 12 2 0 0 2 0 1 1 1 3 4 0 5 1 0 1 0 2 23 35 b Tot al 1201- 30- 0 0 1 0 7 4 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 4 0 0 0 6 2 30000000000 15 33 1202 60 60- 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 7 0 0 0 0 02000000000 9 12 90 90- 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 7 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 8 1 2 7 4 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 4 7 0 0 6 2 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 52 b Tot al 1202- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 8 0 62000000004 20 24 1203 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 01020000000 4 4 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 3 0 0 02000000000 12 12 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 7 0 4 8 0 6 5 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 36 40 b Tot al 1203- 30- 0 0 6 0 0 0 38 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 50 0 0 0 0 2 1 20200000000 7 57 1204 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 2 0 0 0 0 10000000000 3 6 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 2 6 0 0 0 38 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 53 0 2 0 0 2 1 3 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 63 b Tot al 1204- 30- 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 60000000000 6 7 1205 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 100100000000 11 17 90 90- 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 0 3 0 0 50010640140 27 31 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 11 0 3 0 3 0 0 12 0 0 11 0 6 4 0 1 4 0 44 55 b Tot al 1205- 30- 0 0 5 0 110 50 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 170 0 0 0 0403741000000000 82 252 1206 60 60- 0 6 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 0 13 1 0 5 100 0 20120100000 22 35 90 90- 0 84 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 84 0 44 10 0 0 0 00000120140 62 146 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 90 5 3 11 50 0 0 3 1 0 3 0 0 0 1 1 267 1 44 15 10 40 37 6 1 1 2 0 2 2 0 1 4 0 166 433 b 0 Tot al

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

1206- 30- 0 0 0 0 36 0 0 15 3 0 9 15 0 0 0 3 5 86 0 0 0 09988021140 100021 226 312 1207 60 60- 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 6 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 6 0 0 36 0 0 15 3 0 9 15 0 0 0 3 5 92 0 0 0 0 99 88 0 21 14 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 1 226 318 b Tot al 1207- 30- 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 10 2 0 8 14 6 0 0 4 5 53 0 0 2 0 0 053111910004 36 89 1208 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00040000000 4 4 90 90- 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 15 0 3 0 0 03000000000 21 28 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 2 7 0 0 2 0 0 10 2 0 8 14 6 0 0 4 5 60 0 15 2 3 0 0 0 8 3 5 11 9 1 0 0 0 4 61 121 b Tot al 1208- 30- 0 0 7 0 2 2 0 0 2 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 20 2 0 5 0 2 2 0320011000106 43 63 1209 60 60- 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 2 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 1 0 0 060010630050 31 40 90 90- 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 6 0 0 0000011 120 11 26 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 9 7 3 2 2 0 8 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 44 2 0 5 7 2 2 0 9 2 0 10 18 4 0 1 17 6 85 129 b Tot al 1209- 30- 0 0 2 5 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 560057 23 33 1210 60 60- 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 4 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 2 11 0 0 0 5 0 0 00000454090 27 38 90 90- 0 19 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 08000020140 15 45 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 19 2 18 3 0 0 4 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 2 51 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 9 13 4 1 18 7 65 116 b Tot al 1210- 30- 17 0 0 2 2 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 27 0 0 3 0 0 0 00000200000 5 32 1211 60 60- 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 1 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 0 0 00000300030 10 10 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 18 0 0 2 2 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 28 0 3 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 3 0 15 43 b Tot al 1211- 30- 3 0 4 0 68 45 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 126 0 0 0 0476500000000000 112 238 1212 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 9 1 0 0 00000000000 10 12 90

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

90- 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 2 3 0 00000000000 5 10 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 3 0 4 1 68 45 0 8 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 133 0 0 9 3 50 65 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 127 260 b Tot al 1212- 30- 0 0 80 0 26 20 0 0 1 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 1 138 260 26 5401600000000000 113 251 1213 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 00000000000 1 1 90 90- 0 3 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 5 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 3 80 1 26 21 0 0 1 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 1 143 26 0 26 6 40 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 114 257 b Tot al 1213- 30- 9 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 1 115 0 0 97 0614900000000011 209 324 1214 60 0 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 00000000000 1 1 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000100000 1 1 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 9 0 # 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 1 115 0 0 98 0 61 49 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 211 326 b # Tot al 1214- 30- 0 0 35 0 76 0 0 1 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 1 0 118 790 48 0227 00000000000 156 274 1215 60 60- 3 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 5 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 00000000000 4 4 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 3 0 37 0 76 0 0 1 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 1 0 123 79 4 48 0 22 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 160 283 b Tot al 1215- 30- 3 0 30 0 84 43 0 1 0 1 2 4 0 0 0 0 1 169 0 0 0 0161730200 510012 245 414 1216 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 012000300000 18 19 90 90- 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 1 2 0 0 01000100110 11 12 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 4 0 30 0 84 43 0 1 0 2 2 4 0 0 0 0 1 171 0 4 1 5 161 73 0 15 0 0 0 9 1 0 1 2 2 274 445 b Tot al 1216- 30- 0 0 20 0 60 110 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 192 480 2 0112 0000 500002 169 361 1217 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 2 0 0 0 00000000000 7 7 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 2 2 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

Su 0 0 20 0 60 11 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 192 55 0 4 0 112 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 2 178 370 b 0 Tot al 1217- 30- 0 0 2 0 64 23 0 0 6 0 10 15 0 0 6 0 126 500 0 039 00304300001 100 226 1218 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 00000200000 8 8 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 2 0 64 23 0 0 6 0 0 10 15 0 0 6 0 126 56 0 0 0 39 0 0 0 3 0 4 5 0 0 0 0 1 108 234 b Tot al 1218- 30- 0 0 0 0 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 00100000000 1 8 1219 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 8 b Tot al 1219- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 60 0 0 0 0300 00000000000 30 90 1220 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 00000000000 1 1 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 60 0 0 0 0 31 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 31 91 b Tot al 1220- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 01602400000000000 184 186 1221 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0210 00000000000 21 21 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 181 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 205 207 b Tot al 1221- 30- 0 0 4 0 37 0 0 0 0 0 10 5 4 0 2 0 0 62 0 0 1 11735100000000000 226 288 1222 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1170 00000200010 22 22 90 90- 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 6 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 4 2 37 0 0 0 0 0 10 9 4 0 2 0 0 68 0 0 2 2 190 51 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 248 316 b Tot al

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

1222- 30- 0 0 0 1 133 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 161 0 0 0 01215500000000000 176 337 1223 60 60- 0 12 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 00004630000 13 26 90 90- 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 21 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 33 0 2 13 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 195 0 0 0 0 121 55 0 0 0 0 4 6 3 0 0 0 0 189 384 b 3 Tot al 1223- 30- 0 0 2 0 20 9 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32 0 0 0 06023011000000000 94 126 1224 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120 0 1 0 0 05000000000 18 18 90 90- 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 2 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 2 0 2 0 20 9 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 34 12 0 0 1 60 23 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 112 146 b Tot al 1224- 30- 0 0 1 0 81 37 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 119 0 0 20 0110660520 200001 206 325 1225 60 60- 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 5 0200 00200000000 27 30 90 90- 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 13 0 0 0 00000000000 14 17 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 5 0 81 37 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 125 1 0 38 0 130 66 0 5 4 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 247 372 b Tot al 1225- 30- 0 0 5 0 130 91 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 256 0 0 13 01094116600101220002 211 467 1226 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001053 040 13 16 90 90- 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000200 2 4 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 7 0 13 91 33 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 261 0 0 13 0 109 41 16 6 0 1 10 17 5 0 2 4 2 226 487 b 0 Tot al 1226- 30- 4 0 0 0 159 34 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 216 0 0 6 0533100000000000 90 306 1227 60 60- 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 110 5 4100 00000001000 31 32 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 00000940250 25 25 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 5 0 0 0 15 34 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 217 11 0 11 9 63 31 0 0 0 0 0 9 4 1 2 5 0 146 363 b 9 Tot al 1227- 30- 0 0 1 0 49 39 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 4 0 6 105 0 0 0 1584001050000000 105 210 1228 60 60- 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 4 6 00000000000 11 13 90

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000500030 8 8 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 1 0 50 39 1 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 4 0 6 107 0 0 0 2 62 46 0 1 0 5 0 5 0 0 0 3 0 124 231 b Tot al 1228- 30- 0 0 0 0 20 9 0 22 0 0 5 3 0 0 1 1 61 190 3 0170 00100000000 40 101 1229 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 170 0 0 0 0 00000000000 17 17 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 00000000100 4 4 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 20 9 0 22 0 0 0 5 3 0 0 1 1 61 37 0 3 2 17 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 61 122 b Tot al 1229- 30- 0 0 0 0 36 22 7 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 68 0 0 0 0 0 02040000000 6 74 1230 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00060000000 6 6 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 0 0 00000500100 11 11 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 36 22 7 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 68 0 1 0 4 0 0 0 2 0 10 0 5 0 0 1 0 0 23 91 b Tot al 1230- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 04915080091800013 106 106 1231 60 60- 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 8 10 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 5 0 3 0 0 00000000100 9 11 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 4 8 5 3 3 49 15 0 8 0 0 9 18 0 0 1 1 3 123 127 b Tot al 1231- 30- 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 5 0 0 10 01269000005200011 235 240 1232 60 60- 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 5 0 00004220000 13 17 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 4 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000400100 5 11 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 0 0 4 1 15 0 0 10 0 131 90 0 0 0 0 9 8 2 0 1 1 1 253 268 b Tot al 1232- 30- 0 0 0 0 132 79 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 217 0 0 10 01566400000000000 230 447 1233 60 60- 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 000015000040 20 24 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 00002000000 3 6 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000200 2 2 0

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

Su 0 0 0 3 13 79 6 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 224 1 0 10 1 156 64 0 0 0 0 17 0 0 0 2 4 0 255 479 b 2 Tot al 1233- 30- 0 0 2 1 161 86 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 252 0 0 24 71375201006652002 242 494 1234 60 60- 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 000001200000 15 18 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000200010 3 3 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000000020 2 2 0 Su 0 0 2 2 16 86 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 255 3 0 24 7 137 52 0 1 0 0 6 20 5 2 2 1 2 262 517 b 1 Tot al 1234- 30- 0 0 1 0 134 98 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 233 0 0 7 0828932100000002 186 419 1235 60 60- 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 7 0 5 0 20000550084 36 37 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 00000100020 5 5 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000100 1 1 0 Su 0 0 2 0 13 98 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 234 0 2 14 0 87 89 5 2 1 0 0 6 5 0 1 10 6 228 462 b 4 Tot al 1235- 30- 0 0 1 1 27 40 0 0 0 0 25 36 27 7 0 6 1 171 0 0 0 0433600600000000 85 256 1236 60 60- 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 3 0 00020000000 5 18 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 7 0 1 0 0 00000000100 9 10 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 1 2 27 40 0 0 0 9 28 36 27 7 0 7 1 185 0 7 0 1 46 36 0 0 6 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 99 284 b Tot al 1236- 30- 0 0 0 0 50 75 0 0 1 0 0 4 0 0 0 1 1 132 0 0 37 0173670000242 20 287 419 1237 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2103 00000000000 15 16 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000110110 4 4 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 50 75 0 0 1 0 0 5 0 0 0 1 1 133 0 0 37 2 183 70 0 0 0 0 2 5 3 0 1 3 0 306 439 b Tot al 1237- 30- 0 0 1 0 130 89 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 221 0 0 32 02129700005630003 358 579 1238 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000200000 2 2 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 2 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 1 0 13 89 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 223 0 0 32 0 212 97 0 0 0 0 5 8 3 0 0 0 3 360 583 b 0 Tot al

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

1238- 30- 0 0 3 0 45 40 0 0 0 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 94 0 0 6 07154000515301280155 221 315 1239 60 60- 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000500010 6 9 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 2 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000200 2 2 0 Su 0 0 3 1 45 40 0 0 0 0 0 7 1 0 2 0 0 99 0 0 6 0 71 54 0 0 0 5 15 35 12 8 2 16 5 229 328 b Tot al 1239- 30- 0 0 0 0 35 12 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 62 0 0 1 1303500105210014 81 143 1240 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000400000 4 4 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 35 12 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 62 0 0 1 1 30 35 0 0 1 0 5 6 1 0 0 1 4 85 147 b Tot al 1240- 30- 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 4 1241 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 b Tot al 1241- 30- 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 3 1242 60 60- 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 2 90 90- 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 8 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 1 8 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 b Tot al 1242- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 1243 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 b Tot al 1243- 30- 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 1 1244 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 b Tot al 1244- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 1245 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 b Tot al 1245- 30- 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 4 1246 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 1 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 1 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 b Tot al 1246- 30- 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0000 000000 0 1 1247 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000100000 1 1 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 b Tot al 1247- 30- 0 0 2 0 56 55 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 1 117 0 0 0 1 8 0 00000000000 9 126 1248 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 2 0 56 55 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 1 117 0 0 0 1 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 126 b Tot al 1248- 30- 42 0 0 0 0 0 42 0 0 0 5 2 2 0 2 1 96 3 0 0 0111000000000000 24 120 1249 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

Su 42 0 0 0 0 0 42 0 0 0 0 5 2 2 0 2 1 96 3 0 0 0 11 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 120 b Tot al 1249- 30- 0 0 1 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 10 11 10 4 0 0 2 47 4 0 1 0 0 0 00000000000 5 52 1250 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 1 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 1 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 10 12 10 4 0 0 2 48 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 53 b Tot al 1250- 30- 56 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 64 0 0 1 0 0 0 30001010002 8 72 1251 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000200000 2 2 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 56 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 64 0 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 2 10 74 b Tot al 1251- 30- 11 0 0 0 20 9 0 0 1 0 0 10 8 0 0 0 1 60 120 6 0 3 07503034000 1 107 167 1252 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 5 5 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 00000000000 3 3 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 11 0 0 0 20 9 0 0 1 0 0 10 8 0 0 0 1 60 20 0 6 0 3 0 75 0 3 0 3 4 0 0 0 0 1 115 175 b Tot al 1252- 30- 18 2 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 9 14 5 0 0 3 0 0 55 270 4 0207 50031000000 67 122 1253 60 60- 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 9 0 0 1 0 0 00000000000 10 12 90 90- 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 7 0 0 00000000000 7 13 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000000 000 0 0 0 Su 26 2 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 9 14 5 0 0 3 0 0 63 36 0 4 8 20 7 5 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 84 147 b Tot al 1253- 30- 19 0 7 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 10 12 8 0 5 3 67 220 0 2 0 0 202100000002 49 116 1254 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 00000000000 2 2 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 9 0 0 0 00000000000 18 18 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000000000 0 0 0 Su 19 0 7 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 10 12 8 0 5 3 67 31 0 11 2 0 0 2 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 69 136 b Tot al

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

1254- 30- 96 0 11 0 10 8 8 0 4 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 141 1040 3 0250 3050221 000 145 286 1255 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 1 1 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 96 0 11 0 10 8 8 0 4 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 141 10 0 3 0 25 0 3 0 5 0 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 146 287 b 5 Tot al 1255- 30- 0 0 12 0 101 34 44 0 5 0 6 2 0 0 0 0 2 206 5 1 15 0 0 0270004200001 55 261 1256 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 001100000000 11 11 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 00000000000 1 1 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 12 0 10 34 44 0 5 0 6 2 0 0 0 0 2 206 5 1 15 1 0 0 27 0 11 0 4 2 0 0 0 0 1 67 273 b 1 Tot al 1256- 30- 69 0 0 1 4 0 0 3 2 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 83 0 0 5 0 0 0 00100000000 6 89 1257 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 6 3 0 1 3 0 0 00000300000 10 16 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 73 0 0 1 4 0 0 3 2 4 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 89 3 0 6 3 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 16 105 b Tot al 1257- 30- 27 0 5 0 50 28 24 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 137 511 2 06552111115443022 205 342 1258 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 4 4 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000200100 3 3 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 27 0 5 0 50 28 24 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 137 55 1 2 0 65 52 11 1 1 1 5 6 4 3 1 2 2 212 349 b Tot al 1258- 30- 23 0 1 0 7 0 25 0 1 5 5 5 0 0 0 0 0 72 8 0 1 0 0 01901001053000 47 119 1259 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 23 0 1 0 7 0 25 0 1 5 5 5 0 0 0 0 0 72 8 0 1 0 0 0 19 0 1 0 0 10 5 3 0 0 0 47 119 b Tot al 1259- 30- 0 0 0 0 1 0 28 0 1 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 2 37 8 0 2 130105406001520000 128 165 1260 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000100000 1 2 90

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 1 0 28 0 1 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 2 38 8 0 2 1 30 10 54 0 6 0 0 16 2 0 0 0 0 129 167 b Tot al 1260- 30- 8 0 3 0 45 45 0 4 0 3 5 0 0 0 0 0 113 3 2 0 031 3602216535003 108 221 1261 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 1 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000500220 9 9 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 8 0 3 0 45 0 45 0 4 0 3 6 0 0 0 0 0 114 3 2 0 0 31 0 36 0 2 2 16 10 3 5 2 2 3 117 231 b Tot al 1261- 30- 28 0 0 0 30 13 2 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 78 1 0 1 0 1 0111001300000 19 97 1262 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 28 0 0 0 30 13 2 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 78 1 0 1 0 1 0 11 1 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 19 97 b Tot al 1262- 30- 41 0 3 0 0 0 20 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 68 0 0 2 02901003011000002 57 125 1263 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 200000 2 2 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 200000 2 2 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 200000 2 2 0 Su 41 0 3 0 0 0 20 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 68 0 0 2 0 29 0 10 0 3 0 11 6 0 0 0 0 2 63 131 b Tot al 1263- 30- 13 0 0 0 0 0 49 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 64 0 0 0 0171040501200002 41 105 1264 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000410100000 15 15 90 90- 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000500153 14 15 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 13 0 0 1 0 0 49 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 65 0 0 0 0 17 10 4 0 5 4 11 8 0 0 1 5 5 70 135 b Tot al 1264- 30- 0 0 2 0 55 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 110 4 0 9 01006600015550000 195 305 1265 60 60- 0 0 0 5 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 0204 00000000000 24 40 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 4 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

Su 0 0 2 5 65 50 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 3 130 4 0 9 0 120 70 0 0 0 1 5 5 5 0 0 0 0 219 349 b Tot al 1265- 30- 2 0 11 4 84 89 18 0 0 0 6 8 0 0 0 0 2 224 0 0 10 0262 11000151030002 313 537 1266 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 00000010000 3 3 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 00000100100 5 5 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 2 0 11 4 84 89 18 0 0 0 6 8 0 0 0 0 2 224 0 3 10 2 262 0 11 0 0 0 15 11 4 0 1 0 2 321 545 b Tot al 1266- 30- 0 0 22 0 142 67 5 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 2 253 0 0 3 0759600200600001 183 436 1267 60 60- 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 4 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000100000 1 1 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 23 3 14 67 5 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 2 257 0 0 3 0 75 96 0 0 2 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 1 184 441 b 2 Tot al 1267- 30- 32 0 5 0 0 18 0 1 0 21 20 5 8 0 0 3 113 4 3 5 0152550000282400007 278 391 1268 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 4 0 2 0110 00000000000 17 19 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 3 0 0 0 0 00000000000 3 5 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 32 0 5 0 0 0 20 0 1 0 23 20 5 8 0 0 3 117 8 6 7 0 163 55 0 0 0 0 28 24 0 0 0 0 7 298 415 b Tot al 1268- 30- 81 3 2 6 0 0 38 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 134 461 1 012629020111200000 120 254 1269 60 60- 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000100000 1 3 90 90- 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000200 2 7 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 88 3 2 6 0 0 38 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 141 46 1 1 0 12 6 29 0 2 0 11 13 0 0 2 0 0 123 264 b Tot al 1269- 30- 1 0 6 0 24 0 0 0 2 10 3 6 1 2 0 6 61 0 1 0 0 5 0 00130000000 10 71 1270 60 60- 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0100 00000000000 10 14 90 90- 10 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 000014000000 14 35 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 000000 0 0 0 Su 15 8 6 0 24 0 0 0 0 2 13 3 6 1 2 0 6 86 0 1 0 0 15 0 0 0 1 3 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 34 120 b Tot al

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

1270- 30- 0 0 9 0 5 0 105 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 122 6 0 3 7201419011101233005 104 226 1271 60 60- 0 0 0 2 5 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 4 0 0 2 0 0 00000000000 6 16 90 90- 0 24 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 0 0 0 5 0 0 00000000000 5 32 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 24 12 2 10 0 10 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 159 10 0 3 14 20 14 19 0 1 1 10 12 3 3 0 0 5 115 274 b 8 Tot al 1271- 30- 0 0 2 0 50 22 0 4 0 2 2 1 0 0 0 2 85 640 3 03172509017350000 164 249 1272 60 60- 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000100020 3 4 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 2 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 2 0 51 0 22 0 4 0 2 4 1 0 0 0 2 88 64 0 3 0 31 7 25 0 9 0 17 4 5 0 0 2 0 167 255 b Tot al 1272- 30- 20 0 0 0 40 5 28 0 2 5 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 104 480 4 0 5 03212011644003 120 224 1273 60 60- 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 1 3 90 90- 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 3 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 22 2 0 0 40 5 28 0 2 5 0 4 1 0 0 0 0 109 49 0 4 0 5 0 32 1 2 0 11 6 4 4 0 0 3 121 230 b Tot al 1273- 30- 0 0 8 0 74 75 4 8 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 173 28 0 2 0 87 38 54 0 0 0 16 9 12 7 0 0 2 255 428 1274 60 60- 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 4 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 4 6 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 1 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 8 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 2 0 8 0 74 75 4 8 0 2 1 7 0 0 0 1 1 183 32 0 2 0 87 38 54 0 0 0 16 9 12 7 0 0 2 259 442 b Tot al 1274- 30- 2 0 0 0 99 67 23 0 0 0 10 2 0 0 0 0 1 204 0 0 2 2 136 23 37 0 0 0 4 3 10 7 0 0 1 225 429 1275 60 60- 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00005100000 6 7 90 90- 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 1 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 3 0 0 1 99 67 23 0 0 0 10 2 0 0 0 0 1 206 0 0 2 2 136 23 37 0 0 0 9 4 10 7 0 0 1 231 437 b Tot al 1275- 30- 0 0 0 1 131 78 6 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 1 224 0 0 0 714911000004555715 298 522 1276 60 60- 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000957020 23 24 90

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000700200 9 10 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 1 0 0 1 13 78 6 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 1 0 1 226 0 0 0 7 149 11 0 0 0 0 4 21 10 12 9 3 5 330 556 b 1 0 Tot al 1276- 30- 0 0 0 1 114 78 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 196 0 0 0 215412300000100001 281 477 1277 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 00000000000 5 5 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 1 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 1 11 78 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 197 0 0 0 2 159 12 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 286 483 b 4 3 Tot al 1277- 30- 0 2 3 0 104 67 5 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 1 185 0 0 0 01208910011312801 227 412 1278 60 60- 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 00000000000 2 5 90 90- 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 0 6 0 2 0 0 00000100000 9 12 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 1 2 3 1 10 67 5 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 1 0 1 191 0 6 0 4 120 89 1 0 0 1 1 4 1 2 8 0 1 238 429 b 6 Tot al 1278- 30- 0 0 1 5 32 20 19 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 7 0 1 91 0 0 20 0534000000511001 121 212 1279 60 60- 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 4 90 90- 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 2 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 4 1 5 34 20 19 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 7 0 1 97 0 0 20 0 53 40 0 0 0 0 0 5 1 1 0 0 1 121 218 b Tot al 1279- 30- 0 0 13 0 73 99 0 0 0 0 3 4 1 1 0 0 2 196 3 0 9 01004300201240000 164 360 1280 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 00000500000 6 6 90 90- 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 3 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 13 3 73 99 0 0 0 0 3 4 1 1 0 0 2 199 3 0 9 1 100 43 0 0 2 0 1 7 4 0 0 0 0 170 369 b Tot al 1280- 30- 0 2 1 0 8 10 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 24 0 22 0 7 311400000000000 74 98 1281 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00006000000 6 6 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000654100 16 22 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

Su 0 2 1 0 8 0 10 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 5 0 1 30 0 22 0 7 31 14 0 0 0 0 6 6 5 4 1 0 0 96 126 b Tot al 1281- 30- 0 0 0 0 16 14 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 35 0 1 0 0 4 2400 131001 17 52 1282 60 60- 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 1 90 90- 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000100 1 11 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 11 0 0 16 14 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 46 0 1 0 0 4 0 2 4 0 0 0 1 3 1 1 0 1 18 64 b Tot al 1282- 30- 0 1 1 4 22 20 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 50 0 4 0 0 4 4 20135432131 37 87 1283 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 00000000000 6 6 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 8 0 0 00000100000 9 10 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 1 1 4 22 20 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 51 0 4 0 14 4 4 2 0 1 3 5 5 3 2 1 3 1 52 103 b Tot al 1283- 30- 0 1 4 0 24 10 14 0 4 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 1 62 0 0 0 0 0 30 19 1 3 25 27 25 24 2 1 7 164 226 1284 60 60- 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 00004000020 6 9 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 2 7 0 0 0 000001520000 26 31 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 1 4 0 27 10 14 0 4 0 8 1 0 0 0 0 1 70 0 2 7 0 0 0 30 19 1 3 29 42 27 24 2 3 7 196 266 b Tot al 1284- 30- 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 4 6 8 0 0 1 22 0 0 2 0 0 0 00000102100 6 28 1285 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 3 3 4 3 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000200000 2 20 90 90- 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 181 0 5 0 0 00000521100 195 204 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 7 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 7 9 1 3 0 1 49 0 18 2 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 2 3 2 0 0 203 252 b 2 1 Tot al 1285- 30- 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 2 1 2 0 0 0 10 0 0 1 0 0 00000000000 1 11 1286 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 1 3 4 7 1 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 000001337000 23 51 90 90- 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 5 7 0 0 0 0 37 0 92 1 0 0 0 0000055235100 177 214 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 27 19 9 5 4 7 1 75 0 92 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 68 26 12 1 0 0 201 276 b Tot al

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

1286- 30- 0 1 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 1 12 0 0 0 0208 300014410000 50 62 1287 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 00004100000 5 7 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 1 0 0 00002170170 19 25 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 1 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 7 5 2 0 0 0 1 20 0 0 0 1 20 8 3 0 0 0 20 6 8 0 1 7 0 74 94 b Tot al 1287- 30- 0 0 10 0 155 50 4 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 2 225 1 0 3 01456700000110000 218 443 1288 60 60- 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 1 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 00000000000 2 2 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 10 1 15 50 4 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 2 226 1 2 3 0 145 67 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 220 446 b 5 Tot al 1288- 30- 1 0 0 0 111 43 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 158 0 0 31 0563900101111110 133 291 1289 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000400000 4 4 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000100100 2 2 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 1 0 0 0 11 43 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 158 0 0 31 0 56 39 0 0 1 0 1 6 1 1 2 1 0 139 297 b 1 Tot al 1289- 30- 0 0 0 0 27 12 0 0 0 0 1 2 4 6 0 0 0 52 0 0 11 04812000893412833 184 236 1290 60 60- 0 0 0 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 7 7 0 00000000000 14 21 90 90- 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 4 0 0 0 0 31 0 0 0 0 0 0 000034212211 43 74 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 6 0 4 30 12 0 0 0 0 1 23 8 6 0 0 0 90 0 0 11 7 55 12 0 0 0 89 37 6 2 4 10 4 4 241 331 b Tot al 1290- 30- 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 8 0 0 3 0 1 3 00102571700 30 38 1291 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000200000 20 50 90 90- 0 47 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 47 0 68 0 100 0 00000500000 83 130 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 47 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 30 0 0 0 0 0 2 85 0 68 3 10 1 3 0 0 1 0 2 30 7 1 7 0 0 133 218 b Tot al 1291- 30- 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 2 0 0 0 02020000002 8 16 1292 60 60- 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 5 0 3 2 0 0 3 2 18 0 0 0 2 0 0 00005510000 13 31 90

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

90- 0 14 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 5 2 2 3 0 41 0 23 0 150 0 00000000000 38 79 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 14 2 6 0 0 0 2 0 7 1 15 8 2 2 6 2 67 0 23 2 17 0 0 0 2 0 2 5 5 1 0 0 0 2 59 126 b Tot al 1292- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010107125030 38 38 1293 60 60- 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0005 270000 14 17 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 1 0 0 00002500000 26 26 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 18 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 5 12 14 19 5 0 3 0 78 81 b Tot al 1293- 30- 9 0 3 0 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 17 0 0 3 4 0 0 0020152100005 50 67 1294 60 60- 0 4 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 11 2 0 0 0 0 0 00004000000 6 17 90 90- 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 0 82 0 4 0 0 00000900400 99 120 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 9 25 3 4 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 49 2 82 3 8 0 0 0 0 2 0 19 30 0 0 4 0 5 155 204 b Tot al 1294- 30- 0 0 3 0 4 0 0 0 0 2 21 27 1 0 0 0 2 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 000027231000 33 93 1295 60 60- 26 0 0 3 5 0 0 0 0 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 61 220 0 0 0 0 00000000000 22 83 90 90- 0 18 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 2 31 0 2 0 0 00000000000 35 56 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000000 000 0 0 0 Su 26 18 3 6 9 0 0 0 0 29 21 27 1 0 0 0 2 142 24 31 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 2 3 1 0 0 0 90 232 b Tot al 1295- 30- 13 0 1 0 0 0 2 12 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32 320 2 0 0 0267300000000 70 102 1296 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000100 1 1 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 13 0 1 0 0 0 2 12 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32 32 0 2 0 0 0 26 7 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 71 103 b Tot al 1296- 30- 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 2050 400001 12 17 1297 60 60- 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 220 0 1 0 0 00000000000 23 25 90 90- 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 17 0 0 0 0 00000000000 17 21 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

Su 0 6 1 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 22 17 0 1 0 0 2 0 5 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 1 52 63 b Tot al 1297- 30- 0 0 1 0 10 5 0 1 0 0 10 23 2 0 0 0 2 54 2 0 6 0 0 0 00201231102 20 74 1298 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000020 2 14 90 90- 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 17 0 9 0 0 00000000100 27 35 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 2 1 0 10 5 0 1 0 0 10 41 2 0 0 0 2 74 2 17 6 9 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 2 3 1 2 2 2 49 123 b Tot al 1298- 30- 0 0 5 0 4 0 0 0 1 0 11 2 1 1 0 0 2 27 2 0 9 1 0 1 032010700002 37 64 1299 60 60- 25 11 23 0 15 4 0 4 16 0 0 8 0 0 0 8 0 114 0 0 0 3 0 0 00000000000 3 117 90 90- 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 6 0 1 5 2 17 0 3 0 0 0 0 00000000000 3 20 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 25 12 28 0 19 4 0 4 17 0 12 11 7 1 1 13 4 158 2 3 9 4 0 1 0 3 2 0 10 7 0 0 0 0 2 43 201 b Tot al 1299- 30- 5 0 0 0 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 12 380 13 0 0 520101100001 107 119 1300 60 60- 1 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 18 90 90- 0 35 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 35 0 0 0 0 0 0 40000000000 4 39 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 6 52 0 0 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 65 38 0 13 0 0 0 56 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 111 176 b Tot al 1300- 30- 9 0 2 1 38 30 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 83 270 0 0 0 04820221240002 99 182 1301 60 60- 1 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 5 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 5 24 90 90- 0 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 0 9 0 4 0 0 00001000000 14 40 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 10 44 2 1 38 30 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 128 32 9 0 4 0 0 48 2 0 2 3 12 4 0 0 0 2 118 246 b Tot al 1301- 30- 4 0 0 0 6 0 2 3 0 20 11 2 4 1 0 0 4 570 0 2 0 2 21513314520092 60 117 1302 60 60- 4 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 9 1 0 00000000000 10 21 90 90- 2 8 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 1 8 0 34 0 1 0 9 0 0 40000000000 14 48 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 10 8 0 17 6 0 2 3 0 20 11 7 4 1 1 8 4 102 0 1 2 18 3 2 19 1 3 3 14 5 2 0 0 9 2 84 186 b Tot al

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

1302- 30- 1 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 14 11 1 0 0 0 2 36 1 0 0 5 0 0 02002017150065 71 107 1303 60 60- 0 2 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 210 0 0 0 0 00000000000 21 26 90 90- 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 304 6 0 0 0 000001190040 64 76 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 1 14 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 11 1 0 0 0 2 53 52 4 6 5 0 0 0 2 0 0 20 28 24 0 0 10 5 156 209 b Tot al 1303- 30- 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 000028346412 48 49 1304 60 60- 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000030350050 70 74 90 90- 0 49 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 49 1029 0 6 0 0 0000015003122 77 126 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 54 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54 10 29 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 48 39 6 7 18 4 195 249 b Tot al 1304- 30- 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 8 0 0 0 0 0 00000200000 2 10 1305 60 60- 4 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 1 0 1 0 1 0 01100100000 6 12 90 90- 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 24 0 5 0 0 00000000100 30 38 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 4 9 2 1 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 22 1 24 1 5 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 38 60 b Tot al 1305- 30- 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 3 1306 60 60- 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 2 90 90- 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 4 0 3 0 0 0 0 00000000200 5 9 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 1 1 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 9 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 5 14 b Tot al 1306- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 1 8 0 0 0 0 0 00105000002 8 16 1307 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00002200000 4 4 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000311 200 7 8 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 3 0 0 1 0 1 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 10 3 1 0 2 0 2 19 28 b Tot al 1307- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 99 44 1 00 7162 5 0 0 4 7 6 000001500001 38 200 1308 60 1 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 2 0 0 0 5 2 00000100000 10 24 90

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 2 2 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000220 4 16 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 14 8 10 46 1 0 0 7 188 7 0 0 4 12 8 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 2 2 1 52 240 b 1 1 Tot al District Total # 63 # 17 ## 22 84 20 # 12 # # 21 7 4 91 13 111 11 79 # # ## ## # 23 18 18 59 # 35 13 10 # 15 ## 2508 # 4 # 3 11 6 3 # 7 # # 8 3 7 6 11 07 7 # # # # # 6 9 0 7 # 2 1 6 # 6 # 0 NELLORE DISTRICT 1308- 30- 0 0 0 0 26 20 0 0 0 0 2 6 0 0 0 0 1 55 4 0 5 0151600000000001 41 96 1309 60 60- 0 0 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000520000 7 14 90 90- 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 4 0 7 2 1 0 6 5 0 00000000240 20 27 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 32 21 0 0 0 0 2 9 0 0 0 4 1 69 6 1 5 6 20 16 0 0 0 0 0 5 2 0 2 4 1 68 137 b Tot al 1309- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 3 00000000000 3 4 1310 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 00100000000 3 3 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 8 0 1 0 00000110220 20 20 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 5 8 0 6 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 2 2 0 26 27 b Tot al 1310- 30- 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 2 0 7 3 0100124120003 44 49 1311 60 60- 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 5 0 7 7 02000000000 21 22 90 90- 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 34 0 2 2 0 00000000000 38 41 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 2 0 0 5 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 34 7 2 16 10 0 3 0 0 12 4 12 0 0 0 3 103 112 b Tot al 1311- 30- 0 0 0 0 6 5 0 0 7 1 0 2 1 0 0 0 1 23 0 0 10 0370 00515430003 68 91 1312 60 60- 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 000001020000 12 16 90 90- 0 2 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 20 4 1 2 0 00000000240 33 40 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 2 0 3 12 5 0 0 7 1 0 2 1 0 0 0 1 34 0 20 14 1 39 0 0 0 5 1 5 14 5 0 2 4 3 113 147 b Tot al 1312- 30- 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 8 2 0 8 0 1 2020102122002 43 51 1313 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0110 00000000000 11 13 90

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

90- 0 9 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 15 0 6 0 9 0 0 00000200000 17 32 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 9 0 1 4 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 0 0 0 5 1 25 2 6 8 9 12 20 2 0 1 0 2 3 2 2 0 0 2 71 96 b Tot al 1313- 30- 0 0 0 0 10 0 20 0 0 10 0 3 0 0 0 0 1 44 0 0 3 0196 00100000001 30 74 1314 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000060 6 10 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 6 0 0 11 0 1 0 3 0 0 00000420020 12 23 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 10 0 20 0 4 10 0 8 0 0 6 0 1 59 0 1 3 3 19 6 0 0 1 0 0 4 2 0 0 8 1 48 107 b Tot al 1314- 30- 0 0 0 0 22 20 9 1 13 0 1 2 1 1 0 0 2 72 0 0 14 039 0225011000002 93 165 1315 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 00002550000 12 19 90 90- 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 10 0 5 0 0 0 0 00000400000 9 19 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 9 0 0 22 20 9 1 13 0 1 9 1 1 1 0 2 89 0 5 14 0 39 0 0 2 25 0 13 9 5 0 0 0 2 114 203 b Tot al 1315- 30- 0 0 0 0 30 34 38 1 35 0 14 5 0 0 0 0 5 162 0 0 4 04027114500000000 118 280 1316 60 60- 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 3 0 0 0 0 01002000000 8 11 90 90- 0 32 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32 0 60 0 0 0 0 00000000000 60 92 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 33 0 0 30 34 38 1 35 0 14 7 0 0 0 0 5 197 2 63 4 0 40 27 1 2 45 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 186 383 b Tot al 1316- 30- 5 0 0 3 32 30 36 0 24 0 9 6 5 0 0 0 1 151 5 0 3 029256155010310000 138 289 1317 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 00000000000 5 5 90 90- 0 70 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 70 0 53 0 0 0 0 00000000000 53 123 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 5 70 0 3 32 30 36 0 24 0 9 6 5 0 0 0 1 221 5 58 3 0 29 25 6 1 55 0 10 3 1 0 0 0 0 196 417 b Tot al 1317- 30- 8 0 2 2 100 36 0 0 12 0 0 5 2 0 0 0 0 167 0 0 0 079 001302000004 98 265 1318 60 60- 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 9 0 02000000000 13 15 90 90- 0 41 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41 0 8 0 0 0 0 00000000000 8 49 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

Su 8 43 2 2 10 36 0 0 12 0 0 5 2 0 0 0 0 210 2 8 0 0 88 0 0 2 13 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 119 329 b 0 Tot al 1318- 30- 0 5 0 0 31 30 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 69 0 0 0 0422002000000000 64 133 1319 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 52 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 52 0 60 0 0 0 0 00000000000 60 112 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 57 0 0 31 30 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 121 0 60 0 0 42 20 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 124 245 b Tot al 1319- 30- 0 0 0 0 9 9 0 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 43 0 0 0 019 00002110001 24 67 1320 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 00000000000 2 2 90 90- 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 2 0 0 0 0 00000000000 2 5 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 3 0 0 9 9 0 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 46 0 2 0 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 28 74 b Tot al 1320- 30- 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 6 1202009000001 30 35 1321 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 0 11 0 0 0 0 00000000000 11 32 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 21 0 0 3 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 0 11 0 0 6 12 0 2 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 1 41 67 b Tot al 1321- 30- 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 001705632001 34 42 1322 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 31 0 0 0 0 00000000000 31 35 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 4 1 0 2 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 12 0 31 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 0 5 6 3 2 0 0 1 65 77 b Tot al 1322- 30- 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 6 0 2 0 2503000505210000 97 103 1323 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 00000000000 1 1 90 90- 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 2 0 0 28 0 15 0 0 0 0 00000000000 15 43 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 23 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 3 0 3 0 0 2 0 1 34 0 18 0 2 50 30 0 0 5 0 5 2 1 0 0 0 0 113 147 b Tot al

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

1323- 30- 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 0201400200530001 45 60 1324 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 00000000000 3 3 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 3 0 0 20 14 0 0 2 0 0 5 3 0 0 0 1 48 63 b Tot al 1324- 30- 0 0 2 0 180 7 0 1 48 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 240 0 0 71 0 0 0 001500000001 87 327 1325 60 60- 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 11 90 90- 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 00000000000 1 6 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 1 2 1 19 7 0 1 48 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 2 256 0 1 71 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 88 344 b 1 Tot al 1325- 0 0 0 0 29 0 0 1 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54 0 0 2 09949103700500001 194 248 1326 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 35 0 0 1 24 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 61 0 0 2 0 99 49 1 0 37 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 1 194 255 b Tot al 1326- 30- 0 0 0 0 23 20 0 1 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 51 0 0 0 0109 00200000000 21 72 1327 60 60- 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 6 0 00000000000 6 12 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000100 1 2 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 29 20 0 1 6 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 58 0 0 0 0 16 9 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 28 86 b Tot al 1327- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000100 1 8 1328 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000100 1 2 90 90- 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000100 1 3 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000100 1 2 0 Su 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 4 15 b Tot al 1328- 30- 0 0 0 0 20 1 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 00440000000 8 33 1329 60 60- 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 1 0 00005200000 8 11 90 90- 2 8 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 1 0 0 0 0 0 25 0 26 0 8 0 0 01000000000 35 60 120

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

>12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000100 1 1 0 Su 2 8 0 10 20 1 0 0 4 0 7 1 0 0 0 0 0 53 0 26 0 8 1 0 0 1 4 4 5 2 0 0 1 0 0 52 105 b Tot al 1329- 1 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 9 0 0 2 0150 00020000000 19 28 1330 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 00000000000 1 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 0 00000000100 6 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 Su 3 0 0 1 5 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 12 0 2 2 3 16 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 26 38 b Tot al 1330- 30- 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 2 0 5 0 00100000003 11 21 1331 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 7 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 1 0 14 0 2 0 0 1 0 00000000000 3 17 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 7 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 3 1 2 0 0 1 1 0 24 0 2 2 0 6 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 14 38 b Tot al 1331- 30- 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 5 0 9 008010200000 34 45 1332 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 6 0 00000000000 13 13 90 90- 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 23 0 2 0 0 00000000000 25 37 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 9 0 0 8 0 0 0 2 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 0 23 5 9 15 0 0 0 8 0 10 2 0 0 0 0 0 72 95 b Tot al 1332- 30- 8 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 2 0 0 0 1 17 0 0 0 0100 00004600002 22 39 1333 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000000000100 10 10 90 90- 0 3 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 4 0 0 1 0 00000000000 5 13 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 8 3 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 2 0 0 0 1 25 0 4 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 4 6 0 0 0 10 2 37 62 b Tot al 1333- 30- 2 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 8 0 0 0 3 0 00100000000 4 12 1334 60 60- 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 1 90 90- 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 00000000000 3 4 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 4 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 10 0 3 0 3 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 17 b Tot al

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

1334- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 6 0 0 0 0 0 00010000002 3 9 1335 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00030000000 3 3 90 90- 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 23 0 0 0 0 00000000000 23 25 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 8 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 29 37 b Tot al 1335- 30- 0 0 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 156 00000000001 58 62 1336 60 60- 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 1 90 90- 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000000 140 5 9 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 4 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 1 56 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 1 63 72 b Tot al 1336- 30- 2 0 0 0 5 0 3 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 13 0 0 0 0 1 00010000000 2 15 1337 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 000122520010 22 27 90 90- 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 000000000110 11 16 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 2 1 0 1 5 0 0 3 0 0 1 9 0 0 0 0 1 23 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 13 2 5 2 0 0 12 0 35 58 b Tot al 1337- 30- 0 0 1 0 3 0 0 18 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 1 27 0 0 0 0 5 00000000003 8 35 1338 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00400000000 4 4 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 1 0 3 0 0 0 18 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 1 27 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 12 39 b Tot al 1338- 30- 0 0 1 0 3 0 0 12 0 1 8 2 2 0 0 2 31 0 0 0 0 6 00201227002 22 53 1339 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000300000 3 7 90 90- 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000100 1 4 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 1 1 3 0 0 0 12 0 1 14 2 2 0 0 2 38 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 2 0 1 5 2 7 1 0 2 26 64 b Tot al 1339- 30- 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 2 13 0 0 0 0 3 00001320215602 70 83 1340 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 000000000150 15 21 90

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

90- 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000144291 21 23 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 2 21 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 13 21 25 9 8 24 3 106 127 b Tot al 1340- 30- 0 1 0 1 20 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 25 0 0 0 0 5 0 00000000003 8 33 1341 60 60- 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 2 0 00000000000 2 5 90 90- 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 3 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 1 0 5 20 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 31 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 10 41 b Tot al 1341- 30- 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 8 1200000000000 20 27 1342 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 5 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 4 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 9 4 0 0 0 0 1 16 0 0 0 0 8 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 36 b Tot al 1342- 30- 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 1 1343 60 60- 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 3 1 0 00000000001 5 11 90 90- 0 13 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 3 0 0 0 0 00000000000 3 18 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 13 0 2 3 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22 0 3 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 8 30 b Tot al 1343- 30- 0 0 0 0 35 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 36 0 0 2 1564000100000000 100 136 1344 60 60- 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 3 0 0 0 0 00000000000 3 7 90 90- 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 6 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 5 4 1 35 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 46 0 3 2 1 56 40 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 103 149 b Tot al 1344- 30- 0 0 2 1 9 0 0 1 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 0201800000000003 41 57 1345 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 2 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

Su 0 0 2 1 9 0 0 0 1 0 1 2 0 0 2 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 20 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 41 59 b Tot al 1345- 30- 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 3 050 00000000000 53 59 1346 60 60- 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 1 0 00020000000 3 9 90 90- 0 4 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 1 0 0 00000300000 4 13 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 1 4 2 7 1 0 0 0 0 2 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 21 0 0 3 1 51 0 0 0 0 2 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 60 81 b Tot al 1346- 30- 0 0 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 3 00001000001 5 10 1347 60 60- 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000300000 3 11 90 90- 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 1 0 0 0 2 0 32 0 6 0 1 0 0 00000100000 8 40 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 18 4 3 1 0 0 0 0 2 14 1 0 0 0 2 0 45 0 6 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 0 0 0 0 1 16 61 b Tot al 1347- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0580 00041000000 63 63 1348 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 2 0 0 0 0 00000000000 2 10 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 2 0 0 58 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 65 73 b Tot al 1348- 30- 0 0 2 0 58 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 91 0 0 0 0502400004400000 82 173 1349 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 2 0 58 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 91 0 0 0 0 50 24 0 0 0 0 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 82 173 b Tot al 1349- 30- 0 0 0 0 85 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 87 3 0 1 037 00000100002 44 131 1350 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 85 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 87 3 0 1 0 37 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 44 131 b Tot al

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

1350- 30- 3 0 1 4 10 0 0 3 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 2 0 0 082 00200000001 87 112 1351 60 60- 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 6 90 90- 0 33 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 40 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 40 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 3 33 1 8 15 0 0 3 0 4 0 1 0 0 3 0 0 71 2 0 0 0 82 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 87 158 b Tot al 1351- 30- 2 0 1 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 23 0 0 1 0 8 0 50000540000 23 46 1352 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 2 0 1 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 23 0 0 1 0 8 0 5 0 0 0 0 5 4 0 0 0 0 23 46 b Tot al 1352- 30- 9 0 0 2 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37 360 0 0209 00200000002 69 106 1353 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000100 1 1 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 9 0 0 2 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37 36 0 0 0 20 9 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 70 107 b Tot al 1353- 30- 4 0 0 0 21 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 30 0 0 0 3141051008200000 43 73 1354 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 4 0 0 00000000000 4 6 90 90- 0 4 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 3 0 1 0 0 00000000000 4 15 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 4 4 0 2 21 0 1 0 0 0 2 5 0 0 0 2 2 43 0 3 0 8 14 10 5 1 0 0 8 2 0 0 0 0 0 51 94 b Tot al 1354- 30- 14 0 5 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 23 0 0 0 0116200200500002 46 69 1355 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 00000000000 1 1 90 90- 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 45 0 2 0 0 00000000000 47 51 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 14 1 5 0 0 0 0 3 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 27 0 45 0 2 12 6 20 0 2 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 2 94 121 b Tot al 1355- 30- 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 5 10 11 4 2 2 1 0 2 39 1 0 0 0990 22821100002 118 157 1356 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 1 5 90

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

90- 0 68 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 68 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000220 4 72 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 68 2 0 0 0 0 4 5 10 11 4 2 2 1 0 2 111 2 0 0 0 99 0 2 2 8 2 1 1 0 0 2 2 2 123 234 b Tot al 1356- 30- 0 0 4 0 0 9 3 8 1 23 24 2 0 0 0 2 76 0 0 3 1 2 0 181400000000 29 105 1357 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 1 0 13 0 0 0 2 0 0 00000000000 2 15 90 90- 0 19 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 1 0 0 00000000000 1 21 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 19 4 1 0 0 9 3 8 1 35 24 2 0 0 1 2 109 0 0 3 4 2 0 1 8 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32 141 b Tot al 1357- 30- 0 0 16 8 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 39 0 0 7 0 6 0104810000000 36 75 1358 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 10000000000 1 12 90 90- 0 19 10 3 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 6 1 45 0 0 0 0 5 0 00000 00000 5 50 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 19 26 11 0 0 2 2 0 24 0 0 0 0 2 6 3 95 0 0 7 0 11 0 11 4 8 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 42 137 b Tot al 1358- 30- 1 0 6 0 15 0 0 2 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 31 0 2 5 0205 03700011001 45 76 1359 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000100 1 1 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 1 0 6 0 15 0 0 2 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 31 0 2 5 0 20 5 0 3 7 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 46 77 b Tot al 1359- 30- 0 0 0 0 5 4 0 18 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 46 0 0 2 0463007500000001 91 137 1360 60 60- 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 2 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 7 4 0 18 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 48 0 0 2 0 46 30 0 7 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 91 139 b Tot al 1360- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 16 0 0 2 0 1 013250 230000 46 62 1361 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 0 02000000000 4 6 90 90- 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 00000000000 1 5 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

Su 0 4 0 0 0 0 2 2 12 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 22 0 1 2 0 3 0 0 15 25 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 51 73 b Tot al 1361- 30- 0 0 5 0 1 5 4 49 0 4 6 0 0 0 0 1 75 0 0 8 315 41526011421001 90 165 1362 60 60- 0 1 0 4 1 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 10 90 90- 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 6 0 0 0 0 00000000000 6 11 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 6 5 4 2 0 9 4 49 0 4 6 0 0 0 0 1 90 0 6 8 3 15 0 4 15 26 0 11 4 2 1 0 0 1 96 186 b Tot al 1362- 30- 0 0 1 0 70 30 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 104 0 0 3 0419 031304400001 78 182 1363 60 60- 0 0 0 3 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 0 1 0 0 00000000000 1 19 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 00000000000 2 2 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 1 3 85 30 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 122 0 0 3 2 42 9 0 3 13 0 4 4 0 0 0 0 1 81 203 b Tot al 1363- 30- 0 0 9 0 59 49 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 130 0 0 4 3536520602120001 139 269 1364 60 60- 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 6 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 9 0 65 49 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 136 0 0 4 3 53 65 2 0 6 0 2 1 2 0 0 0 1 139 275 b Tot al 1364- 30- 0 0 0 0 5 18 2 0 8 2 2 0 0 0 0 2 39 0 0 0 0240 02002100001 30 69 1365 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 4 0 0 0 0 000220000000 26 28 90 90- 0 5 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 1 0 0 0 0 00000000000 1 17 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 5 0 0 5 0 23 2 0 8 8 2 0 0 0 2 2 57 0 5 0 0 24 0 0 2 0 22 2 1 0 0 0 0 1 57 114 b Tot al 1365- 30- 0 0 1 0 7 5 0 1 0 0 5 6 0 0 0 0 1 26 0 0 1 0141600000000000 31 57 1366 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 00000000000 2 2 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 1 0 7 5 0 1 0 0 5 6 0 0 0 0 1 26 0 1 1 0 15 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33 59 b Tot al

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.8)

1366- 30- 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 40000000000 4 8 1367 60 60- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 90 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 120 >12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 0 0 0 Su 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 8 b Tot al District Total 66 51 88 83 10 33 15 69 36 73 15 14 18 5 2 23 52 326 60 48 19 75 143 48 64 75 36 55 13 14 79 22 27 70 61 382 708 8 98 2 3 4 5 3 4 4 7 0 9 2 3 6 0 5 9 91 11 64 26 51 25 10 34 46 20 52 73 23 7 7 11 18 146 11 12 86 38 640 28 82 32 55 23 73 99 43 15 13 29 22 178 324 Grand Total 2 52 0 0 02 93 01 5 6 0 3 3 6 8 1 4 8 14 67 84 7 3 00 26 8 2 2 5 3 6 1 3 3 8 0 28 42

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.9)

ANNEXURE 3.9 Species wise total number of trees along Proposed Ongole Byepass Km Left Hand Side Right Hand Side Species Species Girth

Size

(Babul) Total Total GrandTotal Ficushispida Ficushispida Ficusreligiosa Ficusreligiosa Acacianilotica Cocusnucifera Cocusnucifera Melia azadirach Melia Melia azadirach Melia Eucalyptussps. Eucalyptussps. Aeglemarmelos Aeglemarmelos Alstoniascholaris Alstoniascholaris PhoenixSylvestris PhoenixSylvestris Azadirachtaindica Azadirachtaindica TamarindusIndica TamarindusIndica Ficusbenghalensis Ficusbenghalensis Borassusflabellifer Borassusflabellifer Acacianilotica Anthocephaluscadamba Anthocephaluscadamba Delonix regiaDelonix (Gulmohar) Delonix regiaDelonix (Gulmohar)

0 -1 30-60 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 CM 60-90 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CM 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120 CM >120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CM Sub 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 Total 1 -2 30-60 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 4 CM 60-90 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CM 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120 CM >120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CM Sub 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 4 Total 2 -3 30-60 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 CM 60-90 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 CM

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.9)

90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120 CM >120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CM Sub 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 Total 3 -4 30-60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CM 60-90 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 CM 90- 1 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 6 120 CM >120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CM Sub 1 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 4 8 Total 4 -5 30-60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 CM 60-90 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 CM 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 120 CM >120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CM Sub 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 6 7 Total 5 -6 30-60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 CM 60-90 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 5 2 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 9 CM 90- 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 5 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 5 10 120 CM >120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CM Sub 2 1 1 0 0 2 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 10 3 1 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 12 22 Total 6 -7 30-60 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 CM 60-90 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 CM 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120 CM

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Description of Environment (Annexure 3.9)

>120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CM Sub 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 Total 7 -8 30-60 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 CM 60-90 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 3 CM 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 120 CM >120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CM Sub 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 3 6 Total 8 -9 30-60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 CM 60-90 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 CM 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120 CM >120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CM Sub 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 Total 9 - 30-60 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 6 10.025 CM 60-90 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 CM 90- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120 CM >120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CM Sub 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 7 Total Total 5 3 2 1 2 9 2 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 28 7 6 2 5 0 8 1 1 0 3 1 2 0 0 0 36 64

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section EIA Report of NH- 5 in the State of Andhra Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

CHAPTER 4.0

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

4.0 Introduction

In this chapter, anticipated environmental impacts, both bio-physical and socio-economic, are assessed in terms of the direct and indirect nature of the impact, extent, duration and significance. The level of assessment of each potential impact was based on the important environmental issues identified in baseline environmental studies and the proposed improvement and activities of the project.

The impacts of major infrastructure projects can be divided into two principal categories. First direct impacts which result from physical presence of the facilities and the way they are designed built and operated. Second, indirect impacts, which stem from the construction and economic activities surrounding construction and the induced development resulting from improved access. These impacts occur in two main phases- Construction and operation. Direct environmental impacts are those that are directly caused by road construction or operation. During construction these impacts primarily occur within the road formation area or immediately adjacent to it, and at ancillary sites such as quarries and workforce camp. Direct construction impacts can include the loss of agricultural land damage to ecological features such as land resources and water bodies, damage to man made structures and resettlement. During road operation direct impacts may include a reduction in air and water quality.

Relatively small potential for negative impacts is generally envisaged for road widening and upgrading project. Most of these negative environmental effects can be 'design out' at an early stage through proper engineering designs, which will emphasize the contractors to follow environmentally friendly construction methodology.

The construction activities will mainly be restricted to the proposed ROW along the entire stretch except few locations where existing alignment is modified due to environmental or social negative impacts and the temporary camp sites, quarry and borrow areas which are the activities associated with the construction and are usually located beyond the right of way. All the proposed construction activities will follow the current Indian and International standards for highway engineering design. The potential environmental impacts are studied as direct, indirect or cumulative effects on various environmental components.

The improvement of road have positive influence by virtue of better connectivity and accessibility, low vehicle operating cost, quick access to marketing centers, educational and medical facilities, improvement of way side amenities, enhancement of safety for the road users as well as the population living in the vicinity of the highway, etc. and thus provide tremendous opportunities of socio-economic development of the region. Besides these, the negative environmental impacts due to the road development works can be correlated to the loss of land and properties, deterioration of environmental quality (air, water, soil and noise) and ecological degradation during various constructional works as well as during operational phase due to increase in traffic volume, change in land use pattern, landscape deterioration, etc.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section EIA Report of NH- 5 in the State of Andhra Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

The road improvement project may influence various environmental components at different stages of the project viz: Pre-constructional phase Constructional phase and Operational phase. The impacts may be direct or indirect and may be beneficial or adverse with respect to the environment. The major works associated with the construction phase mainly are site clearance, Earth work in embankment, excavation, pavement and cross drainage works, dumping of spoils and waste materials and other construction activities and associated works like mobilization of constructional equipments, setting up of workforce camps, quarrying, transportation and storage of materials, etc. These activities have potential impacts on physical, biological as well as social environment. The impacts may be of short terms and temporary or long terms and permanent. The likely impacts on various environmental components have been described as follows.

4.1 IMPACTS DURING DESIGN/ PRE-CONSTRUCTIONAL PHASE

The major impacts during pre-construction and designing phase are related with the land acquisition, since widening needs land area throughout the corridor. The present RoW varies widely between 30 m -50 m and acquisition of land will be needed where there is no adequate available ROW or where there is proposal of correction of geometrics to accommodate the desired widening of the road upto 6 laning as per specification. In such case loss of productive agricultural land, private properties and business is anticipated. The major land use along the project road is agriculture, so the major share of land acquisition shall be from agriculture land.

4.1.1 Impact on Land Resources

The project involves widening of highway from existing 4 lane configurations to 6 lane which require additional land beyond the existing carriageway. Further the project proposes one new bypass at Ongole having a length of 10.125 Km, which is new alignment and will have 80 m of ROW. The available ROW at many sections is not sufficient to accommodate the proposed widening and require additional land width in those sections.

Mainly concentric widening has been proposed through the stretch in order to minimize additional land lake. The selection of alignment has been done in such a manner that the acquisition of land is restricted to minimum and the loss of residential and commercial structures are minimum. The estimated land take as per preliminary assessment is about 186.0219 Ha for main alignment and 84.9574 ha for proposed Ongole Bypass which is a new alignment having a total length of 10.125 Km. Out of 186.0219 Ha, 0.5619 Ha land will be required for the project stretch falling in Guntur District, 112.1955 Ha from Prakasam district and rest 73.2645Ha will be from Nellore district. The proposed Nellore Bypass falls in the District of Prakasam and will need acquisition of 84.9574 Ha of land for accommodating the alignment. The area estimated is subject to verification from the revenue departments of respective districts who after joint verification will estimate the exact area of the land and the status of ownership. Table 4.1 represents the district wise estimated land requirement for land for the project. The detailed village wise break-up of lands required for acquisition has been given in Annexure 2.2.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section EIA Report of NH- 5 in the State of Andhra Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Table 4.1: Districwise Additional Land Requirement for Proposed Project Sl. District Area required Area by Ownership (Ha) No. (Ha) Private Government A. Main Alignment 1 Guntur 0.5619 0.3722 0.1897 2 Prakasam 112.1955 86.3884 25.8071 3 Nellore 73.2645 43.2864 29.9811 Sub Total 186.0219 130.047 55.9779 B. Ongole Bypass 5 Prakasam 84.9574 54.5204 30.437 Grand Total 270.9793 184.5674 86.4149 4.1.2 Impact on People due to land acquisition and properties

Impact of another issue after land acquisition envisaged during the pre-construction phase is related to acquisition of various commercial and residential structures and displacement of people. Such issues are described in details under Resettlement and Rehabilitation Report

High social risk and a high social content characterize the proposed project. Initial studies and experience indicate three broad categories of social and economic impacts due the proposed project, which require mitigation measures. These are loss of assets, including lands and houses; loss of livelihood or income opportunities and collective impacts on groups, such as loss of common property resources.

The estimated number of structures to be affected completely or partially is about 1104 structures. Of the total affected structures, 946 numbers are private (85.69%), 117 numbers are owned by the government (10.60%), and 41 structures (3.71%) are owned by the community in the form of religious and other properties. A summary of structures needed to be acquired are presented in the following Table 4.2.

Table 4.2: Ownership status of the Affected Structures Sl Ownership No % to total No. 1 Private 946 85.69 2 Government 117 10.60 3 Community 41 3.71 Total 1104 100.00 Impact on private properties

The estimated land requirements are resulting in complete or partial displacement of about 946 private structures (Table 4.3). Of the total affected 472 numbers are residential (49.89%), followed by 328 commercial (34.67%), 119 are both residential and commercial (12.58%). A considerable number 27 (2.85%) of affected structures are found to be compound walls, security rooms, bathrooms, cattle sheds etc. Most of the commercial establishments are provisional kirana shops, hotels and few industrial units.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section EIA Report of NH- 5 in the State of Andhra Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Table 4.3: Usage of the private properties affected Sl Usage No % to No. total 1 Residential 472 49.89 2 Commercial 328 34.67 3 Res+Commercial 119 12.58 4 Others (incl. Bath rooms, Cattle sheds, Arch, 27 2.85 Compound walls etc.) Total 946 100.00 Type and area of the affected structures

Of the total 1104 structures affected under both private and common property resources a majority (59.15%) are Pucca in type, followed by 35.05 % which are of Semi-Pucca structures (Table 4.4). The total area affected by these 1104 structures is about 38000.12 square meters. Details are presented in Table 4.4.

Table 4.4: Type and Area of Structures Affected along project Sl. Type Total Structures Affected Total Area affected (Sq.mts) No No % No % 1 Pucca 653 59.15 23513.31 61.88 2 Semi pucca 387 35.05 13156.50 34.62 3 Kutcha 64 5.80 1330.31 3.50 Total 1104 100.00 38000.12 100.00 Out of 1104 structure 611 structure will be required 100 percent acquisition and hence will be displaced. The type of such structures with respect to usage is presented in Table 4.5.

Table 4.5: Usage of the displaced structures Usage No % to total Residence 270 44.19 Shop/Business/trade 121 19.80 Hotel 25 4.09 Petty shop 6 0.98 Religious place 22 3.60 Industry 21 3.44 Govt Buildings 99 16.20 Res+Commercial 30 4.91 Others 17 2.78 Total 611 100.00 The acquisition of structures directly leads into displacement of people, families and business from their existing locations. Since many people are dependent on the road users and the road for their livelihood, the shifting from the current place will affect their sustenance. In addition many encroachers and squatters have occupied the ROW and pursue their commercial activities from that place. The total number of project-affected households who will be loosing their privately owned structures is 852. A total of 3162 persons are affected due to acquisition of houses and other assets.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section EIA Report of NH- 5 in the State of Andhra Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Displaced Persons For the total of 487 private properties displaced a total of 437 households are displaced holding these properties.

Mitigation Measures: • A separate R&R policy has been framed after identified different category of entitlement and benefits to each category to address the issues pertaining to the Project Affected People and their rehabilitation & resettlement depending upon the Entitlement. • The acquisition of land and private properties will be carried out in accordance with the RAP and entitlement framework for the project. • Early identification of entitlement for Compensation and Advance planning of Resettlement and Rehabilitation Action Plan to Compensate the Losses. • All the affected people will be compensated as per NPRR, 2007 before commencement of Construction works and the cost of compensation will be finalized by the Competent Authority and the Project Proponent will pay the compensation at all the entitles persons through the Competent Authority. • It will be ensured that all R & R activities including implementation of Environment Management Plan are completed before the start of work. • PIU has to ascertain that any additional environmental impacts resulting from acquisition of land are addressed and integrated into the EMP and other relevant documents.

The NHAI has appointed Competent Authority in each affected districts. The Competent Authority is from District Revenue Department. The Competent Authority will assess the cost of the losses and then decides the compensation for each properties and assets as well as identifies the affected persons as per records. The NHAI accordingly will pay the compensation to the affected persons through the competent authority.

4.1.3 Impacts on Other Assets

In addition to the above listed properties the other minor assets affected include open well, bore well, water tanks and small arches etc. Out of the total number of 71 under this category a majority 40 are Bore well (56.34%) followed by Open wells (36.62%) and water tanks (7.04%), which is given in Table 4.6.

Table 4.6: Other assets and minor structures affected Sl No. Usage No. % to total 1 Open well 26 36.62 2 Bore wells 40 56.34 3 Water Tanks 5 7.04 Total 71 100.00 Mitigation Measures

All the affected open wells, hand pumps and bore wells will be relocated at suitable places before commencement of construction activities the stretch where such features are located.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section EIA Report of NH- 5 in the State of Andhra Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

4.1.4 Land use Change

In order to accommodate the proposed alignment some land is to be acquired. The proposed Ongole bypass further requires land acquisition for the designed highway section. This will cause diversion of land to highway from current use. Acquisitions of some agricultural or some commercial land will be needed for widening of the road to meet the design specification. As the land acquisition is very limited along the entire project stretch beyond the existing ROW the severity of diversion of other land would not be high. The widening section would involve only small sections of agricultural land and thus the anticipated loss of productive agricultural land is not significant. 7 ponds/water tanks will be affected due to the proposed Right of Way. Partial filling of these ponds/ tanks for construction is unavoidable due to engineering constraints as well as due to minimization of land acquisition and loss of agricultural lands.

4.1.5 Impact on Water bodies:

Baseline study of the area indicates that the area along the ROW is dotted with a number of water tanks/ponds. These store rainwater during rainy season and mainly used for irrigation purpose. The widening will result into partial acquisition of such bodies which are situated adjacent of the ROW. These water tanks/ ponds are maintained by the Irrigation Department. A list of affected water tank/ponds and area required to be acquired is presented below:

Table 4.7: List of affected Water Tanks due to Proposed Widening

Name of Total Acquired Average Tank/Bund Side tank S. Chainage Length Width varies Aquired (LHS/ Area No (m) (m) width RHS) require (m) From to Min Max d (m2) 1 Valluramma 1253+500 1253+950 RHS 450 10.65 14.58 12.62 5676.75

1254+480 1254+600 RHS 120 7 12 9.50 1140.00 1255+700 1256+350 RHS 650 18.23 20.5 19.37 12587.25 1256+700 1256+800 RHS 100 0 11.75 5.88 587.50 2 Tank with Bund 1292+050 1292+400 RHS 350 13.3 13.3 13.30 4655.00 Tank without 3 Bund 1292+300 1292+600 LHS 300 5.24 10.4 7.82 2346.00 RHS & 4 Ekurupadu Tank 1306+000 1306+800 LHS 800 9.37 9.37 9.37 7496.00 RHS & 5 Jutur Tank 1319+350 1319+920 LHS 570 7.41 9.57 8.49 4839.30 6 Tank 1324+250 1324+400 LHS 150 16.34 16.34 16.34 2451.00 7 Gauravaram 1333+900 1334+500 RHS 600 16.82 17.54 17.18 10308.00 8 Kadanutala 1346+150 1346+320 RHS 170 9.72 10.5 10.11 1718.70 9 Tank 1349+450 1349+750 RHS 300 6.5 14.85 10.68 3202.50 The impact on such water bodies can be minimize by restricting earth filling only within portion falling within the formation width. The proper protection measures like provision of bunding, silt traps in consultation with line department, i.e. Irrigation Department. Oil interceptor may be provided at the

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section EIA Report of NH- 5 in the State of Andhra Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

roadside ponds/tanks to avoid contamination of tank/pond due to mixing of runoff water from highway section during rains.

4.1.6 Religious, Common and Govt. Property Affected

There are 42 number of religious structures are present along the project stretch out of which 30 structures will be required to be relocated and others will be affected partially. The list of religious structure to be relocated is given in Table 4.8.

Mitigation M easures: Required mitigation measures for land acquisition will be followed for acquisition. The PIU will ensure that the religious structures are relocated before start of construction of road and the idols/artifacts are relocated in the new structure before demolishing the structures falling in Corridor of Impact. The relocation site for all these features will be finalized after discussion with the user community and accordingly compensatory measures will be taken.

Table 4.8: Religious Structures within the Proposed ROW Sl Type of Structures Chainage Km LHS/ RHS Village/Town No. A. Guntur District Total Religious place (Nos.) 0 B. Prakasham 1 Religious place 1194+460 RHS Konanki 2 Religious place 1194+475 RHS Konanki 3 Religious place 1194+480 RHS Konanki 4 Religious place 1194+485 RHS Konanki 5 Religious place 1194+495 RHS Konanki 6 Religious place 1196+010 RHS Konanki 7 Religious place 1200+600 RHS Kondamanjulur 8 Religious place 1202+000 RHS Kondamanjulur 9 Religious place 1211+430 RHS Alavalapadu 10 Religious place 1227+025 RHS Gundlapally 11 Religious place 1231+210 LHS Maddipadu 12 Religious place 1233+920 LHS Seetharam puram 13 Religious place 1233+920 LHS Seetharam puram 14 Religious place 1235+760 LHS Doddavarapu padu 15 Religious place 1243+050 RHS ongole 16 Religious place 1300+300 RHS Mocharla 17 Religious place 1300+740 RHS Tettu 18 Religious place 1301+550 LHS Tettu 19 Religious place 1301+550 LHS Tettu 20 Religious place 1301+550 LHS Tettu 21 Religious place 1301+550 LHS Tettu Total Religious place (Nos.) 21 C. Nellore 1 Religious place 1311+810 LHS Maddurupadu 2 Religious place 1313+170 RHS Maddurupadu 3 Religious place 1333+510 RHS Kadanauathala 4 Religious place 1333+550 RHS Kadanauathala

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section EIA Report of NH- 5 in the State of Andhra Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Sl Type of Structures Chainage Km LHS/ RHS Village/Town No. 5 Religious place 1333+550 RHS Kadanauathala 6 Religious place 1334+415 RHS Kovurupalli 7 Religious place 1334+415 RHS Kovurupalli 8 Religious place 1337+550 LHS Tippa 9 Religious place 1350+260 LHS Racharlapadu Total Religious place (Nos.) 9 Grand Total (Guntur+Prakasam+Nellore Districts) 30

4.1.7 Impact on Utilities

Several types of utilities serving local and regional needs are falling under COI will need to be relocated from their present position due to the proposed widening alignment. These services are mainly electric poles, transformers, OFC lines, wells and bore wells and water supply pipelines which may be required to be relocated at some locations. Such type of impacts due to the widening of highways is inevitable.

Mitigation Measures: All the utilities will be restored in advance prior to the start of construction works. The required mitigation measures would be to instruct in advance the relevant owners of these utilities to shift those before construction starts to avoid disruption of local services. The Concessionaire will submit the details of such features falling within the alignment and inform the PIU. It will be judicious for the PIU to assist the owners to get land for new locations.

4.1.8 Impact on Roadside Trees

The present project will have varying levels of impact on the roadside plantations through out the entire stretch of the road. This impact is viewed critical due to long duration required for its reversal and sometimes it is irreversible. Roadside plantations not only provide a healthy aesthetics to the road users but also provide shade and protect the users from harmful effects of contaminants by absorbing them through vegetation canopy.

A total number of 32506 trees of varying girth are located within the corridor of impact and are likely to be felled due to the project. Out of these, a total number of 273 trees will required to be cut in the district Guntur, 25144 from Prakasam District and rest 7089 in Nellore district. The average distance of the tree rows from the edges of the existing carriageway varied between 5 m to 8 m. Cutting of roadside tree are inevitable in highway projects. Apart from the widening of the existing carriageway a number of service roads have also been proposed both the sides of the new carriageway and thus very limited option is left for saving the existing roadside trees.

The baseline studies showed that there is no any endangered or protected tree species located within the project area. The predominant tree species to be felled include Gulmohar (Delonix regia), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Imli (Tamarindus indica), Eucalyptus, Albizzia.lebbeck (Kala Siris) and Acacia auriculiformis, and rest are having mainly ornamental value. These are all ubiquitous species.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section EIA Report of NH- 5 in the State of Andhra Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Mitigation Measures • Permission of Roadside cutting will be obtained from the line department, i.e. Forest Department. • All efforts will be made to preserve trees by restricting tree cutting within the formation width. Special attention will be given for protecting giant trees, and locally important trees (having cultural importance) • Compensatory plantation will be carried out along the space available within the proposed ROW in the ratio of at least 3 times as much the trees are proposed to cut as per Forest (Conservation) Act. • A general guideline for tree plantation will be followed as per IRC:SP: 21:2009 and as per Tree Plantation Strategy given in Annexure-9.1 of Environmental Management Plan (Chapter-9). • Median plantation has also been proposed. These plantation will not only compensate the loss but at the same time will enhance the aesthetic along the highway and enhance the pollution alleviation capacity of the area. • The avenue plantation programme will be promptly adopted to restore and further enrich the loss of vegetation.

4.1.9 Impact on Reserved Forest Land:

The baseline study showed that reserved forest patches are located along the project stretch. It has been proposed to accommodate the widening within the available ROW in the stretch where the Reserved Forests are located in order to avoid acquisition of reserved forest land. Retaining walls will be provided on eitherside to maintain required formation width for six laning. The forest department has done eucalyptus plantation in these forest patches. There is no natural habitat of wildlife in these forest areas. Hence no impact on these forest areas and wildlife is envisaged.

4.2 IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE

The construction phase, in general, has adverse influence on all the components of environment. Most of these impacts are primarily due to negligent practices but are short lived and reversible in nature. A proper care is essential to minimize the adverse impacts to the possible extent to facilitate the restoration of the environment and can be discussed under following sub-heads.

The standard road construction works involve are site clearance, excavation, filling of earth materials and sub grade materials, laying of bituminous mixtures, handling of hazardous materials like bitumen, diesel, etc, dumping of unusable debris materials, transportation of materials from production site to construction site, and other constructional activities and associated works like mobilization of constructional equipments, setting up of different construction plants, setting up of workforce camps, quarrying, transportation of materials, material storage etc. These activities have certain impacts of various magnitude on different components of environment. The anticipated impacts due to all these activities have been described below.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section EIA Report of NH- 5 in the State of Andhra Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

4.2.1 Impact on Land Resources

Clearing and grubbing and excavation of the land within the extent of formation width of the proposed alignment as well as the proposed bypass are the primary activity to prepare the bed for road construction The excavation activity will lead into generation of excavated materials which would mainly soil mixed with pebbles and rocks in the project area. Most of these materials will be re-used as fill materials, aggregates and for construction of retaining walls. However, still about 20 percent of the excavated material will need to be disposed off due to non-suitability for use in road fill materials. The disposal of debris materials in haphazard manner will not only hamper the aesthetic look of the area but at the same time they are potential contaminant for the surrounding land.

Some land would be needed to establish site offices and construction camps, worker/labour camps. These will require land acquisition although for a short period.

Substantial amount of land would also be required for extraction of borrow materials. A total quantity requirement of soil is 28,27,784 cum sand is 2,62,852 cum and 37,85,000 cum aggregates including Ongole bypasse. For fulfilling of requirement of soil and aggregates certain land acquisition will be required followed by excavation of materials from that land area. Such type of activity can lead into disfiguration of topography of the area to minor extent. Water stagnation in the borrow pit provides ideal breeding sites for mosquitoes and thereby can spread malaria and dengue if borrow pit is not properly managed . Pits near settlements can pose health risk.

Further haphazard cutting near water courses will result into soil erosion and siltation to the nearby water bodies.

Mitigation Measures: • The Construction camps will be located preferably on barren land and sufficiently away from settlements and water bodies. • The Construction camp will be provided with necessary sanitation arrangements and basic facilities. • After dismantling of Camp the natural condition of the land will be restored. • No scare will be left unattended after excavation activity. • The Borrow area will be located preferably on barren land or unirrigated land. • The Borrow pits will not be dug within 800 m of town or village settlement or within ROW • After excavation is over, the borrow area will be suitable rehabilitated either by backfilling it of by dressing the sides of the borrow pit to create slope consistent to the adjoining land. • Where pit can be developed as water recharging pond depending upon the terrain of the area • Proper reclamation of pits will be done • Cut face of the pit will be merged with the slope of the adjoining terrain • Bottom of the pits will be graded towards natural outfalls to prevent water accumulation • The reclaimed area will be seeded to provide grass coverage. • Quarrying of metal will be done only at licensed quarry and the area will be suitable rehabilitated after quarrying is over.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section EIA Report of NH- 5 in the State of Andhra Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

• The borrow areas and stone quarry site can be operated and managed as per guidelines provided in Annexure 9.2 & Annexure 9.3 of Environmental Management Plan (Chapter-9), respectively.

4.2.2 Impact on Soil

The site clearance process includes excavation and vegetation clearance which ultimately induces vegetation loss as well as loss of top soil. Since vegetation clearance shall be confined to the minimum area required for widening activities beyond the ROW the area affected would be very less. The activities associated with the site preparation and excavation plus movement of vehicles and equipments can disturb the surrounding lands.

4.2.2.1 Contamination of Soil

Contamination of soil during construction stage is primarily due to construction and allied activities. The sites where construction vehicles are parked and serviced are likely to be contaminated because of leakage or spillage of fuel and lubricants. Pollution of soil can also occur in hot-mix plants from leakage or spillage of asphalt or bitumen. Refuse and solid waste from labour camps can also contaminate the soil. Contamination of soil during construction might be a major long-term residual negative impact. Unwarranted disposal of construction spoil and debris will add to soil contamination. This contamination is likely to be carried over to water bodies in case of dumping being done near water body locations. However, by following mitigative measures such as maintenance of vehicles and machines and fuel refilling is carried out in a confined area can avoid contamination of soil to a great extend. The provision for oil interception chamber is suggested in EMP for treating the waste water generated from vehicle washing, refilling and maintenance areas. Fuel storage and refilling sites should be kept away from cross drainage structures and important water bodies. All spoils shall be disposed off as desired and the site shall be fully cleaned before handing over. These measures are expected to minimise the impact on soil contamination.

4.2.2.2 Compaction of Soil

Compaction of soil may anticipated due to the movement of construction vehicles and heavy machines. Thus regulation of movement of heavy equipments and vehicles shall be essential to prevent this.

Mitigation Measure: • The excavation activities and vegetation clearance will strictly be limited to formation width only. • All the usable excavated materials will be re-used as fill materials and aggregates. • Fill materials for the embankments are to be arranged from places located outside ROW. • The movement of construction vehicles and equipments will be restricted to only designated route. • Designated storage site for fill materials and adequate stockpiling to prevent erosion and runoff related problem. • Construction of temporary berms, sediment basins, slope drains and use of temporary mulches fabrics or other control measures necessary to control soil erosion and sedimentation will be done at site.

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4.2.3 Impact on Water Resources

4.2.3.1 Contamination of Surface Water from Construction and Allied Activities:

Activities near the water body may result into contamination of water if proper care is not take. The waste water from construction sites, campsites, vehicles/equipments servicing centres, stockyards may carry different types of contaminants and may get way into nearby waterbodies thereby contaminating water. Staking of construction materials like earth, stones, cement, etc or spoils near water bodies or along waterways may result into siltation proble of the water ponds/water tank. Such impacts however can be minimized through proper site management and work plan. Following mitigation measures will minimize the impacts on impact on surface waterwater bodies:

Mitigation Measures

• All necessary precautions will be taken to construct temporary or permanent devices to prevent water pollution due to increased siltation and turbidity.

• The precautionary measures to prevent the wastewater generated during construction from entering into canals, water bodies or the irrigation system and avoid construction works close to canals or water bodies during monsoon.

• All wastes arising from the project will be disposed off, as per SPCB norms, so as not to block the flow of water.

• No construction materials/ spoils will be stored along the water bodies and adequate provision will be made for preventing spillage of materials into these water bodies.

• Wastes must be collected, stored and taken to approved disposal site.

• Water quality to be monitored periodically. 4.2.3.2 Impact on Ground water : The proposed widening will result in increase of surface run-off. It will have adverse impact on ground water recharging if measures are not taken during the design and construction of longitudinal drainages.

The geological studies of the project area show water table 6-20 m below the surface. As the depth of the ground water table is very high no adverse impact is anticipated on ground water. Laying of pavement within the formation width may lead to reduction in the ground water recharge capacity. But as the area involved in the road construction is very less, the chances of this influence will be non-significant.

Mitigation Measures

• Longitudinal drains of sufficient capacity will be provided on both sides of the road to accommodate increased run-off. • In urban stretches, the lined drains will be provided with cut in between to facilitate ground water recharging. The cut will be made of granular coarse material, which will increase the infiltration rate.

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• In rural stretches the unlined drains will be connected with ponds. New small ponds will be dug if necessary. It will help in rainwater harvesting. • Rainwater Harvesting pits will be provided in consultation with Ground Water Boards at an average interval of 500 m covering the entire project stretch including Ongole Bypass depending upon the water table status (The recharge pit can only be provided at those locations where the water table is greater than 5 m deep). The schematic plan of rainwater harvesting is presented in Annexure 9.4 of Environmental Management Plan (Chapter-9). The Concessionaire will have to collect the information about the water table and then construct the rainwater harvesting pits which will be approved by the Engineer and PIU-NHAI. The Concessionaire will submit completion after construction of rainwater harvesting pits along with their details duly certified by the Engineer and PIU-NHAI.

4.2.3.3 Water Requirement for Construction:

As per assessment water requirement for construction and other purposes during peak period would be about 853 cum/day.

4.10: Water Requirement for Construction

S. No Purpose Water requirement (cum/day) 1 Road making 352

2 Bridge/Curing 132

2 Plant sites/ Dust Suppression 254 3 Drinking 5 4 Domestic & Other uses at Camp 110 sites/laboratory/construction sites/ labour camps etc. TOTAL 853 The water demands for the construction work may pose severe stress on the public water supply if the water for construction and allied activities are taken from the same source as the project area is a water stressed area and water supply sources are limited. The main source of water for construction and other related activities will be a mixture of surface water source and ground water source. Most of the rivers and water tanks along the project corridor are rainfed and contain water for a brief period. Surface water may be used to meet the water requirement for the project. However groundwater may be used by installing borewells at different locations such at camp sites and plant sites. separate water supply arrangement for construction and allied works will be made in from ground water/surface water source away from public water supply source so that there is no interfere with the normal public water supply. The water for the construction will be taken after taking prior permission from Competent Authority and comply with all the requirements of State Ground Water Authority/ Irrigation Department. The Concessionair will take all the measures in order to minimize wastage of water during the construction.

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The Source of water for construction shall be identified by the Concessionaire depending upon the location of construction sites, construction camp and plant site locations in consultation with line department and NHAI and will obtain all necessary statutory permits for usage of water before start of abstraction of water.

4.2.4 Impact on Water Quality: No permanent impact is anticipated on water quality due to the project. Construction activity may temporarily deteriorate surface water quality near the alignment through increase in turbidity as well as in oil and grease. These impacts are temporary in nature and will be handled through the proposed mitigation measures:

• All water and liquid wastes arising from construction activities will be properly disposed off and will not be discharged into any water body without adequate treatment. • Littering or unauthorized discharge will not be permitted. • Permission of the engineer and the concern regulatory authorities will be obtained for disposal of the waste as the designated disposal point. • The stream course and drain will be kept free from dumping of solid wastes and earth materials. • The construction materials and debris will be stored away from water bodies or water ways and only on the designated sites along the construction zones.

4.2.5 Impact on Ambient Air Quality

The air quality parameter is the most common environmental feature, which is being affected by any road improvement projects at different stages i.e. during constructional as well as operational phase. The major indicators of Ambient Air Quality relevant to the road project are the concentration

of suspended particulate matters (SPM), Particulate matters of size less than 10 µ (PM10), particulate

matters of size less than 2.5µ (PM2.5), sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) in the atmosphere. The majority of the air pollutants are emitted from the traffic as there is no major activity along the project road except for few small scale industries. The result of the measurement of these parameters in the atmosphere along the project road showed that the concentration of these air pollutants are well below the safe limit as prescribed for the National Ambient Air Quality laid by Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India at all the places.

Significant amount of dust would be generated due to site clearance and excavation activities, exhaust of mobile and stationary construction equipment, stone crushing plant, batching plant, HMP, demolition, embankment and grading activities, transportation of earth materials and dumping of spoils, which have potential deterioration of air quality during the process. This can increase the localized concentration of fugitive dust during construction phase. During asphalt preparation, operation of hot mixing plants needs burning of fuels that result into release of significant amount of gaseous pollutants into the atmosphere like oxides of sulfur, hydrocarbons and particulate matters. These are likely to deteriorate the air quality in general and also cause occupational exposure in particular. These impacts are, however, temporary one that will remain only upto the period of clearance and excavation processes. Besides this, air quality deterioration is also expected at

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deposits and borrows sites, materials treatment areas, quarries, access roads and the site where facilities provided for project workers due to dust generation and gaseous pollutant emission. Additional vehicular emission is expected during the mobilization of construction equipments, transportation of materials, etc. due to the increased vehicular number at the project sites but that will be minor in extent as there will not be significant increase in vehicle numbers.

The improper sanitation at work camps and waste disposal usually lead to odour problem. Foul odour may also caused during laying of pavement. The abovementioned problems related to the deterioration of air quality, however, will temporal in nature till the construction period only. Further, the activities will not be confined to any one place rather, it will progressively move along the ROW, so prolonged deterioration in air quality will not occur at any one site. The minor volume of dust generated will cause a short-term localized problem through settlements.

Mitigation measures:

Generation of Dust

• Water will be sprayed during construction phase, in earth handling sites, asphalt mixing sites and other excavation areas for suppressing fugitive dust. • Water sprinkling and transporting construction materials with tarpaulin coverage duringthe construction stage. • During the sub-grade construction, sprinkling of water will be carried out on regular basis during the entire construction period especially in the winter and summer seasons. • In case fly ash is used, dust emission during its loading and unloading, storage at open place and handling for road construction shall be suppressed by regular water sprinkling. • Dust emission from stock piles of excavated material will be controlled either by covering the stockpiled materials or water spraying over it. • Special attention will be given when working near educational institutions and health centers and settlement areas. • As soon as construction is over all the surplus earth will be utilized properly all loose earth will be removed from the site. Mitigation measures for Plants & Equipments: • The Stone crusher plant, Hot mix plant and Wet Mix Plant will be located sufficiently away from settlement towards downwind direction and will conform to the siting and operation requirements under Environmental (Protection) Rules, 1986. • Proper management of all Plant sites having stone crusher unit, Hotmixplants, Batchmix plant, stockyards. • All the vehicles used during the construction stage to have valid PUC certificate • Provision of effective air pollution control systems in stone crushers, Hotmix Plant, Batchmix plants such as Dust containment cum suppression system for the equipment, Construction of wind breaking walls along periphery of plant sites, construction of the metalled roads within the premises, regular cleaning and wetting of the ground within the premises, etc.

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Gaseous Pollution

• All the Construction vehicles and machineries will be regularly maintained to conform to the emission standards stipulated under Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986. • Asphalt mixing /Stone Crusher plans should be located at list 800 m away from any habitation or sensitive environmental site and at least 250 m away from highway towards downwind direction. • All the DG sets will conform to the emission standards as stipulated under Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986. • The workers working at asphalt mixing and subsequent application of asphalt mix on road surface will be provided with heat resistant shoes and masks.

4.2.6 Impacts on Noise Level Operation of heavy machineries; movement of heavy vehicles, stone crushing aggregate mixing activities generates high noise increasing the ambient noise level in the surrounding. The behavior of truck drivers also plays roles in increasing the noise level by the injudicious frequent use of blow horns. Especially in the settlement area this can pose a problem.

Workers working near the noise generating equipments and plants are likely to be exposed to high noise level. The acceptable limits (for 8 hour duration) of the equivalent noise level exposure during one shift is 90 dB(A). Hence, noise generated due to various activities in the construction camps may affect health of the workers if they are continuously exposed to high noise level. For reasons of occupational safety, exposure to impulses or impact noise should not exceed 140 dB (A) (peak acoustic pressure). Exposure to 10,000 impulses of 120 dB (A) are permissible in one day. The noise likely to be generated during excavation, loading and transportation of material will be in the range of 90 to 105 dB (A) and this will occur only when all the equipment operate together and simultaneously. This is however, is a remote possibility. The workers in general are likely to be exposed to an equivalent noise level of 80 to 90 dB (A) in an 8-hour shift, for which all statutory precautions should be taken into consideration. However, careful planning of machinery selection, operations and scheduling of operations can reduce these levels. A typical Noise generation due to different activities has been given in the Table 4.11.

Table 4.11: T ypical N oise L evels of P rincipal C onstruction E quipment during ma jor construction activity (Noise Level in dB (A) at 50 Feet) Activities and Equipment Noise Levels in dB(A) CLEARING Bulldozer 80 Front end loader 72 - 84 Dump truck 83 - 94 Jack hammer 81 - 98 Crane with ball 75 - 87 EXCAVATION AND EARTH MOVING Bulldozer 80 Backhoe 72 - 93 Front end loader 72 - 84 Dump truck 83 - 94 Jack hammer 81 - 98 Scraper 80 - 93

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STRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION Crane 75 - 77 Welding generator 71 - 82 Concrete mixer 74 - 88 Concrete pump 81 - 84 Concrete vibrator 76 Air compressor 74 - 87 Pneumatic tools 81 - 98 Bulldozer 80 Cement and dump trucks 83 - 94 Front end loader 72 - 84 Dump truck 83 - 94 Paver 86 - 88 GRAND AND COMPACTING Grader 80 -93 Roller 73 - 75 PAVING Paver 86 - 88 Truck 83 - 94 Tamper 74 - 77 LANDSCAPING AND CLEAN UP Bulldozer 80 Backhoe 72 - 93 Truck 83 - 94 Front end Loader 72 - 84 Dump Truck 83 - 94 Paver 86 - 88 Source: CPCB, Govt. of India It is evident from the above table that the operation of construction machinery e.g. hot-mixer, bulldozer, loader, backhoes, concrete mixer, etc will lead to rise in noise level to the range between 80-95 dB (A). Vehicles carrying construction materials will also act as the noise sources. The magnitude of impact from noise will depend upon types of equipment to be used, construction methods and also on work scheduling. However, the noise pollution generated due to different construction activities is a temporary affair. Each type of activity can generate different type and levels of noise that continue for a short period during the operations of those activities.

Implementing proper mitigation measures can reduce a lot of problem associated with noise pollution due to construction activities.

Mitigation Measures:

• All noise generating equipments will be installed sufficiently away from settlement areas. • Provision for stationary machines and equipment with acoustic enclosures and silencers, • Provision of mandatory acoustic enclosure /acoustic treatment of room for stationary DG sets (5KVA and above). The acoustic enclosure/acoustic treatment of the room should be designed for minimum 25 dB (A) insertion loss for meeting the ambient noise standards, whichever is on the higher side. The DG set should be provided with proper exhaust muffler with insertion loss of minimum 25 dB (A)

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• The plants and equipment used for construction will strictly conform to CPCB noise standards. • Vehicles and equipments used will be fitted with silencer and maintained accordingly. • Noise to be monitored as per monitoring plan and if the noise level at any time found to be higher than immediate measure to reduce noise in that area will be ensured. • Noise standards of industrial enterprises will be strictly enforced to protect construction workers from severe noise impacts. All the workers working very close to the noise generating machinery shall be provided Earplugs to avoid any ill impacts on their health. • An awareness programme will be organized for drivers and equipment operators to make them aware of the consequences of noise and to act properly at site. 4.2.7 Impact on Ecological Resources

The baseline study of the biological environmental within the project area did not show any endangered or significant flora or fauna and within the corridor of impact and there is no wildlife migration route reported, therefore, any potential direct impact on biological environmental characteristics such as, loss of rare or endangered species, habitat fragmentation and wild life migrations is not envisaged. The area is not characterized by any significant ecosystem so loss of habitat is not there. Moreover, the alignment of proposed road widening is mostly along the existing road, the potential for habitat fragmentation negligible. Similarly, since the road improvement is proposed for the already existing one the extent of impact is minimum. The temporary impact may be in the visual appearance of the trees and shrubs as construction activity may lead to deposition of dust cover over the leaves and foliage. This is limited to construction period and gets washed away with the first monsoon shower.

There is no any National Park, Wild Life Sanctuary, Tiger Reserves or Ecological Sensitive area or any other features located within 15 Km radius of the project hence no impact on such features anticipated due to the project.

4.2.8 Impact on Social Environment

4.2.8.1 Impairment of access to the properties

During construction of road, cross water and side drain temporary blockage of access or interference with the access to the properties located along the right of way may occur, causing inconvenience to the road users and enhances the accident risk if not managed properly. Such impact can be avoided through proper planning of works and good engineering practices. Safe and convenient passage for vehicles, pedestrians and livestock to and from roadsides and property accesses connecting the project road shall be ensured by providing temporary access. Adequate signage and barricades shall be raised at the expected bottlenecks for safe movement of people. The Concessionaire shall provide early information to the affected people. On completion of the works, all-temporary obstructions to access shall be cleared away, all rubbish and piles of debris that obstruct access should be cleared.

4.2.8.2 Aesthetics

Disturbance of landscape aesthetics due to excavation of borrow pits, extensive quarrying, disposal site of spoils, is expected during the constructional phase. However, it is only temporary one and it

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can be restored with proper management plans within a short period such as roadside plantation, etc. During operational phase this will be enhanced with the activities associated with the maintenance of landscape such as plantation programme, by providing road side amenities, parks etc.

Mitigation Measures:

• The site will be cleaned immediately after the construction activity is over. • The debris materials will be disposed off only at identified area for disposal and proper leveling will be done after disposing the materials and shall be covered with top soil and some plantation will be done at the disposal site • The borrow area will be rehabilitated as per site condition. It can either be developed as ponds, backfilled and leveled machine with the surrounding terrain.

4.2.8.3 Public Health and Safety

Health and safety are of major concern during the construction as well as operational phases. The impact on health and safety can be envisaged for both workers at site and road users as well as inhabitants of nearby areas.

Emission of gaseous pollutants and dusts are major result of various processes like material treatment, operation of hot mix plant, stone crushing, and asphalt preparation. This emission effect is only for short term till the construction work is over but the effect may be significant from the point of view that the workers are directly exposed to these emissions. Apart from this, safety risks to road workers, primarily in the areas of storage and handling of dangerous materials, and in operation of heavy machinery close to traffic, slopes, power line and water courses, are also involved during the construction works.

The dust and gaseous pollutant generation within the congested area during the construction works will adversely affect the health of people residing in the close proximity of the road. Excavation of borrow pits on both the sides of roads within and outside the existing ROW can create unhealthy aesthetics and also enhance the risk of malaria. These areas provide ideal breeding zones for flies and insects. Stagnancy of water in borrow pits located nearby settlements during rains may enhance the possibility of spreading of diseases. The vehicles and equipment operation increase the chances of collision with vehicles, pedestrians and livestock. The poor sanitation and poorly manages dispose off the waste may cause increase in communicable diseases.

Mitigation Measures: • The plants and equipments will be installed sufficiently away from the settlement. • All the construction equipments and vehicles will conform with the emission standards stipulated by the CPCB. • Safe working techniques will be followed up and all the workers will be trained • All the workers will be provided with proper personal safety equipments at construction as well as plant site • Proper caution signage, barricading, delineators etc. will be installed at Construction zone and temporary diversions

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• Proper traffic management will be ensured at the Construction zone as per IRC. • An Emergency Response system in case of any incidence will be developed and implemented • Periodical health check facility will be provided at camp sites. 4.2.9 Other Environmental Concerns of Construction Phase:

Various other environmental impacts during construction stage include:

4.2.9.1 Diversion of Traffic

Short term impact associated with the project will be traffic diversion and management during construction phase. Construction activities will cause hindrance to the existing traffic flow. There is possibility of accident hazards during construction phase of the widening project there will be requirement for diversion of existing traffic at various construction sites during construction phase. It needs to be mentioned that though there are no direct impacts on the natural environment due to disruption/diversion of such services, but diversion can also lead to adverse impacts if not planned properly. Rapid restoration of diverted services can help in minimizing the severity of impacts arising out due to diversions of existing services.

Mitigation Measures: • Proper preventive measures will be taken during the construction activities at the construction sites • Reduce speed through construction zones. • Construction of bridges/culverts will be carried out prior to construction of new carriageway at the first stage. • Strengthening/raising of existing two lanes will be done only after the completion of the first stage. • Proper warning signs will be displayed at construction sites. 4.2.9.2 Equipment Servicing and Fuelling

On large road projects, thousands of liters of diesel and many other petroleum products are transported and used throughout the work site every day. Construction equipment generates large amount of waste oil, and its proper handling is critical, since improper storage and leakage can result in the contamination of land and water bodies. Even the spillage can affect surface water bodies by the road sector project.

Mitigation Measures: • The vehicle and equipment service centers will be established away from any water body or agricultural land. • Proper bunding with appropriate Containment will be provided at the equipment and vehicle servicing centers. The spent wash from the service center will be put in separate soak pits and sand pits • All the fuel and chemical storage will be sited on an impervious base within an embankment and secured by fencing. The storage area will be located away from water course or wetland.

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4.2.9.3 Construction Camps

Workers’ Camp

Construction workers are a very neglected group in the country. Unless the workers are provided proper amenities to live at the construction site the environmental issues of road construction cannot be properly met. Apart from labour camps, separate construction Camps also established where various plants and equipments as well as offices and residential units for technical and non technical staff are located and often labour camps are also provided in the same premises. Location of the Construction camp also has certain impacts on surrounding environment if not properly managed.

At labour and construction camps lot of wastes are generated. These wastes are refuge from the plants, and equipments, waste water and other domestic waste. These wastes are solid as well as liquid waste mainly refuse water and kitchen waste. The disposal of such waste material to the surrounding land can potentially damage the land and would generate health risk to not only surrounding area but within the premises itself. Improper drainages system within the premises also creates insanitation condition thereby enhancing health risk.

Mitigation Measures: • The Construction/labour camps will be established only on area approved by NHAI. • The worker’s/labour camp will be located away from water bodies, schools and residential areas. The camp will be constructed with proper accommodation facilities. • The workers camp will be provided with drinking water supply system so that local water sources are not disturbed. • The camp should be provided with fuel for cooking like kerosene and /or LPG to avoid any cutting of trees for fuel wood. • All camps will be provided with proper sanitation facilities, separate toilets and bathrooms for female and male workers, septic tanks with soak pits of sufficient size, dust bins etc. • Waste water from domestic uses and solid wastes will be disposed of without violating environmental norms. The measures will be site specific. • The labour camps will be provided with crèche, first aid facilities, etc as required under Factory Act. • After completion of construction, the contractor will dismantle the camp and restore it to the original condition of the area before handing over the site to the land owner. 4.2.9.4 Disruption of Services

Local services, including water supply lines, irrigation line, drainage, ditches, streets are commonly cut during road earthworks. These activities are required by the local people for crop production, drinking water supply and access, and have the potential to damage road work too. These services are often either inadequately reconnected or not reins ted at all. Mitigation Measures: • The Contractor will arrange their own source to cater for their water requirement for construction and other activities and will not interfere with the local water supply system

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• All irrigation canals, water supply lines and stand pipes, drainage and streets will be maintained during construction or if necessary, temporary services shall be arranged of the owner/ user’s permission for temporary cessation will be gained. • All the Services will be progressively reinstalled as soon as road excavation has been completed. 4.3 IMPACTS DURING OPERATIONAL PHASE

During operation stage, the main sources of environmental impacts are the increased traffic volume and speeds and better access to forest lands. The increase in traffic volume and speed may enhance the safety risk especially in the rural area. The better access to the forest area can stimulate the human interference in these areas. No sudden change in the traffic volume is expected due to this road as the road is already existing one and opened for public traffic. The project also provides the opportunities of the restoration of vegetation around the vicinity of the worksite and roads by implementing the compensatory plantation programme, which will not only enhance the aesthetic view but can also help in reclamation of soil. During operational phase this will be enhanced with the activities associated with the maintenance of landscape such as plantation programme, by providing roadside amenities, parks etc.

During the operational phase when the plantation works will be adequately implemented will enhance the aesthetic as well as hygienic environment thereby reducing the chances of diseases due to vehicular emission. Widening will ensure smooth plying of the vehicles and also will help in reducing the congested zone and thus will reduce the emission rate of vehicles. Various impacts during operation phase are discussed below:

4.3.1 Impacts on Water Quality and Resources

During the operation phase, the possibility of degradation of water quality is very remote. The impact on the surface water quality during operation can be expected due to accidental spillage. However the probability of such accidents are minimal since enhancement of road safety measures such as improvement of curves and widening of the roads and other pedestrian facilities are taken care of in the design stage.

4.3.2 Impact on Air Quality The baseline data shows that all pollutants are well within permissible limit at all monitoring locations. The net air quality impact following construction of new road is anticipated to be beneficial. Improvement in road surface condition such as roughness, pot, patch, congestion, etc., improvement of curves and junctions will ensure the smooth traffic flow and reduce idling time of engines thus reduce the emission rate of vehicles and also the vehicle maintenance cost thereby reducing the magnitude of air quality degradation. Further, roadside avenue plantation with pollution abating tree species will also help in reducing the ambient pollution levels. Moreover, widened road will provide more space for dispersion and thereby the concentration of pollutants will be diluted faster. The project will not stimulate the traffic flow significantly as this road is already in use. The traffic will however rise with the current growth rate and the number of vehicles plying over will certainly be increases whether the project will come or not. Although the emission rate per vehicle will reduce as stated earlier, but the total emission can increase in future with the increase in traffic.

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Prediction of Carbon Monoxide (CO) Concentration along the Project Highway

Carbon monoxide (CO) is an odorless, colorless, poisonous gas whose primary source is motor vehicle emissions. Carbon Monoxide is chemically inert under normal conditions and has an estimated atmospheric mean life of about two and half months. CO is emitted by incomplete burning of fossil fuel. Concentrations of this gas are highest near the road. Because meteorological conditions are a significant factor affecting the development of high levels of CO, CO is primarily a winter period pollution problem, when periods of light winds or calm conditions combine with the formation of ground level temperature inversions; typically from the evening through the early morning period. The National Ambient Air Quality Standard (CPCB) prescribes standard limit for CO in the ambient air as 2 mg/m3 and 4 mg/m3 on 8-hr and 1-hr average respectively. At higher concentrations, i.e., above 5 mg/m3 it can seriously affect human aerobic metabolism, owing to its high affinity for haemoglobin and thus would affect the central nervous system, impairing a person’s time-interval discrimination and brightness discrimination and over 10 mg/m3, concentration would result in cardiac, pulmonary functional changes / failure leading to death.

As CO is produced in greatest quantities from vehicle combustion and does not readily disperse into the atmosphere in comparison, hence, CO is considered as critical pollutant.

For the purpose of future prediction of CO concentration in the ambient air along the project road, the roads were divided into four homogenous section based on traffic volume and environmental monitoring location setup. These homogeneous sections are (i) Chilakaluripet-Medarametla (ii) Medarametla-Ongole (iii) Ongole-Kavali and (iv)Kavali-Nellore.

The prediction of CO concentration has been made for 2011, 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030 AD by using CALINE 4 dispersion model as recommended by MoEF. CALINE4 is the last in a series of line source air quality models developed by the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans). It is based on the Gaussian diffusion equation and employs a mixing zone concept to characterize pollutant dispersion over the roadway. The purpose of the model is to assess air quality impacts near transportation facilities. Given source strength, meteorology and site geometry, CALINE4 can predict pollutant concentrations for receptors located within 500 meters of the roadway. It also has special options for modeling air quality near intersections, street canyons and parking facilities.

Aerodynamic roughness coefficient of the traffic homogeneous sections and their existing & proposed width in along which air quality impact assessment is carried out and the emission standards for different category of vehicle employed for the impact analysis is provided in the Table 4.12. The line source model CALINE4 is executed under the worst-case wind angle with other meteorological parameters for the conservative impact assessment as provided in the Table 4.13.

Table 4.12: Land use, Emission Standards and the Road Width Traffic Chainage (km) Land use Emission S tandards Road Width (m) Homogeneous (gm/km)* Section From To Light-duty Heavy- 2011 2015 Vehicles duty - Vehicles 2030 Chilakaluripet- 1182+802 1218+123 Suburban 3.90 3.78 20 28 Medarametla

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Medarametla- 1218+123 1244+735 Suburban 3.90 3.78 20 28 Ongole Ongole-Kavali 1244+735 1319+100 Suburban 3.90 3.78 20 28

Kavali-Nellore 1319+100 1366+547 Suburban 3.90 3.78 20 28

*Source: National Auto Policy (2003)

Aerodynamic Wind Wind Ambient Atmosph Altitude Mixing Roughness Speed direction Temperatur eric above Height Coefficient (m/s) Std. Dev e (0C) Stability sea level (m) (cm) (degree) Class (m) 100 1.5 5 20.5 7 16 50

Results and Inferences:

The model was run on a worst-case meteorology condition and used the worst-case wind direction mode to obtain the highest concentration at each receptor. CO concentrations were estimated for seven receptor locations. Each receptor was placed about 25 meter from the edge of the road. The meteorological conditions represent worst-case conditions when CO concentrations are typically highest, in this case a calm winter period. An ambient temperature of 25.5 degrees Celsius was also assumed. The meteorological inputs include: 1.5 meter per second wind speed, ground-level temperature inversion (atmospheric stability class G), wind direction standard deviation equal to five degrees, and a mixing height of 50 meter.

CALINE4 dispersion model was executed by using data on link geometry, traffic volume and environmental receptors location. The output CO results at specified locations along the project road for projected years 2011, 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030 AD respectively are presented in Table 2.3. Based on the modeling results it may be inferred that among the seven selected location, Marturu and Kavur will be the most impacted region and Maddipadu and Bitrgunta will be the least impacted. However, the 1-hr average predicted incremental CO concentration will minimal even during the operation year 2030 and the resultant concentration will be expected to remain well within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Based on the CALINE4 analyses, project-related traffic is not anticipated to exceed at the study location and would not be significantly adversely affected by CO emissions generated by operation of the proposed project. Thus, localized air quality impacts related to vehicular source emissions would therefore be less significant for the proposed project. Based on the CO modelling results under worst case scenario, it may be inferred that the

impact due to NOx and SO2 will also be minimal due to proposed project. Moreover, with the adoption of the better vehicle technology and cleaner fuel, the impact on ambient air environment will be significantly reduced.

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Table 4.13: Predicted 1-Hour Average CO Concentrations for the Years 2011, 2015, 2020, 2025, and 2030 Name of t he Location Distance Ambient Predicted Predicted Predicted Predicted Predicted NAAQ Remarks receptor Chainage from the ‘CO’ ‘CO’ ‘CO’ ‘CO’ ‘CO’ ‘CO’ Standard (Ambient Ai r (km) edge of Conc. Conc. Conc. Conc. Conc. Conc. for C O i n Quality the (μg/m3) (μg/m3) (μg/m3) (μg/m3) (μg/m3) (μg/m3) μg/m3 for Monitoring Road including including including including including Industrial, Location) (m) Ambient Ambient Ambient Ambient Ambient Residential, with code level f or level f or level f or level f or level f or Rural and the y ear the y ear the y ear the y ear the y ear Other Area 2011 2015 2020 2025 2030 Marturu –AAQ 1187 25 1120 1238 1357 1357 1357 1475 4000 Within Limit Muppavaram – 1205 25 1030 1030 1148 1148 1267 1267 4000 Within AAQ2 Limit Maddipadu– 1232 25 1100 1100 1218 1218 1337 1337 4000 Within AAQ3 Limit Ongole Near NTR 25 1020 1138 1138 1257 1257 1257 4000 Within Bypass–AAQ4 Colony Limit Bitragunta – 1270 25 1160 1160 1278 1278 1397 `1397 4000 Within AAQ5 Limit Kavali Bypass– 1324 25 1150 1150 1268 1387 1387 1387 4000 Within AAQ6 Limit Kovur –AAQ7 1366 25 1070 1188 1307 1307 1307 1425 4000 Within Limit

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section EIA Report of NH- 5 in the State of Andhra Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Mitigation Measures

During the initial years after the implementation of the project, the air quality of the study area will improve due to increased traffic speed all along the project road. For congested areas a single row of plantation will be provided on both sides of the road to act as a sink for pollutants. Special care will be taken to avoid the location of truck parking and bus bays in congested areas. Further technical improvement in form of superior engine design in order to meet the stringent Government regulations will also reduce emissions in the years to come.

4.3.3 Impact on Noise Quality

Slight Increase in ambient noise level compared to present background level due to vehicular movement over the highway in anticipated with the increase in traffic volume. Noise produced by vehicles using the road can be attributed to the engine, vibration, friction between tyres and the road, and horns. Increased levels of noise depend upon volume of traffic, road condition, vehicle condition, vehicle speed, congestion of traffic and the distance of the receptor (home, store etc.) from the source. The friction caused due to contact between tires and pavement increases the traffic noise. The smoothening of pavement, reduction of curves, provision of bypasses and plantation along the highway at several places will reduce noise level to some extent.

Prediction of Traffic N oise l evels f or the E xisting & P rojected Y ears 20 011, 20 15, 2020, 2025 and 2030:

Based on the traffic volume and environmental monitoring location setup, the project corridor has been divided into four traffic homogeneous sections as discusses in the previous section. The projected average daily traffic volume of different vehicle category on these four homogeneous sections is provided in Chapter 2. Peak hour traffic as a percentage of average daily traffic varies between 5.5% and 7% indicating fairly uniform distribution of traffic over the day.

During the operation phase of the proposed expansion of the National Highway-5, uninterrupted movement of heavy and light vehicles at high speeds may cause increase in ambient noise levels on the project road. It may have negative environmental impacts on the sensitive receptors close to the project road. With the proposed improvement of the project road, the residential areas along the stretch on either side are likely to experience high day and night-time noise levels. These noise levels significantly vary with vehicle speed. The existing design vehicle speed as per 4 lanes is 80 kmph and for the proposed designed speed for 6 lanes is assumed to be 100 kmph.

Impact from traffic noise of this highway is investigated based on the maximum noise levels that occur in the interested locations in the vicinity area around this highway using the Traffic Noise Model (CRTN). Traffic noise has been calculated at 10 location located at 15 meter from the edge of the highway for the years 2011, 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030 at 1.8 m receptor height with full view angle of 1270. The speed of the vehicle on the highway is assumed 80 kmph in the year 2011 and 100 kmph in projected years. The road surface is assumed to be smooth asphalt mixture and no sound absorption by soil is considered for conservative estimation of noise level at the desired receptor locations. The predicted day night average noise level along with the observed noise level at these locations is provided in the Table 4.14.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section EIA Report of NH- 5 in the State of Andhra Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Table 4.14: Predicted Ambient Noise Levels at Receptors Receptor Ambient Predicted Noise Levels (L ) dB (A) Locati dn Location Horizontal Noise on 201 (Category Distance Level CPCB Chain 1 2015 of from NH- L 202 202 203 Standards age max 80 100 area/zone 5 (m) dB(A) 0 5 0 Day (Km) kmp kmph ) (Night) * h N1 ( C ) 1187 15 72.0 67 67 68 69 70 65 (55) N2 (R/C) 1202 15 62.3 67 67 68 69 70 65 (55) N3 (I/C) 1205 10 79.3 67 67 68 69 70 75 (70) N4 (C ) 1232 10 74.2 68 69 70 71 71 65 (55) N5 (R) 1240 25 63.0 68 69 70 71 71 55(45) N6 (R/C) 1248 15 74.0 68 69 70 71 72 65 (55) N7 (R/C) 1252 20 63.0 68 69 70 71 72 65 (55) N8 (R/C) 1256 18 69.0 68 69 70 71 72 65 (55) N9 (R/C) 1324 15 64.7 68 69 70 71 72 65 (55) N10 (R/C) 1366 20 71.0 68 69 70 71 72 65 (55) R: Residential, R/C: Residential cum Commercial and I/C: Industrial cum commercial area/zone

Maximum ambient noise levels given in Table 4.12 reflects that during day-time and night-time measured at 15 m from the edge of the road exceeds the CPCB standards at N1, N3, N4, N5, N6,

N8, N10 receptors. The predicted incremental noise level (Ldn) at these location are expected to be in the range of 67 dB (A) to 72 dB(A). However, with increasing the distance from the highway the noise level will keep on decreasing. Keeping in view of the present ambient noise level, the resultant noise level at these receptors varies from 69.1 dB(A) at receptor- N7 to 79.7 dB(A) at N3 receptor in the year 2011. Based on the noise modelling exercise it may be concluded that upgradation of existing 4-lane divided highways into 6-Lane divided would not be expected to impact adversely on the existing ambient noise environment. Therefore, in order to provide a harmonized living of people around this highway, the proper noise barrier of certain designs are supposed to be built along the side of this motorway to protect people who live on low level houses or office building near the roadway. Avenue plantation is expected to minimize the impacts on the immediate influence area of the project road. Appropriate noise barriers in the form of vegetative or other noise barriers can be recommended along the sensitive receptors (Educational institutes, hospitals, courts, etc.)

4.3.4 Human Use Values

Both land use and aesthetics are in fact, likely to improve due to afforestation and proper landscaping. Proper engineering design like raising of embankment, , provision of sufficient number of culverts will ensure the reduction of the chances frequent road damages due to water logging and runoff water during rains and landslide. The provision of parking space, way side amenities, rest area, toilets and drinking water will also help in smooth and comfortable flow of traffic and better acceptability of the project by the community.

4.3.5 Road Safety The project section although was 4-laned in the recent past, the road safety aspect was not addressed adequately. There is no access control except where some frontage roads are provided, generally in towns and the road has far too many access points exposing the road to accident hazards due to intermingling and obstruction to the highway traffic. The situation is worse in rural areas where even cattles herded on the road, there is no proper traffic lighting system and advance warning and informative signboards. Moreover little thought has been given for

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section EIA Report of NH- 5 in the State of Andhra Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

pedestrians for safe crossing of the highways. With the provision of service roads, systematic pedestrian and cattle crossings, traffic lighting system, bus shelters, wayside amenities which have been integrated with the project, the safety of road users as well as local public will definitely be enhanced to a great extent. The general objectives are for the concessionaire to make the main NH5 road and the service roads as safe as possible for all users. The concessionaire shall follow all relevant Indian publications on road safety, especially The Manual for Safety in Road Design (A guide for Highway Engineers) prepared in September 1998 for MOST.

A formalized safety audit procedure must be followed by the concessionaire during the detailed design and during the Construction and post construction periods.

From the above discussions it can be clear that the project does not conflicts with any significant issues except for acquisition of land and properties, partial acquisition of water Tanks/ Ponds and roadside tree cutting. These issues can be successfully resolved/mitigate through proper planning and management. The adverse impacts envisaged due to the project during construction stage are mostly increase in air pollution levels, dust generations, interference with treefic movement due to diversions but are localised of short duration during the construction period and are manageable with proper Mitigation Plan. The project, on the other hand, shall yield positive impacts by virtue of better accessibility, better safety for road users and local population, more economic opportunity, better health and education facility, etc.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Analysis of Alternatives

CHAPTER 5.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

5.1 Introduction

The existing alignment of project road of NH-5 starts from Km 1182+802 at Tatapudi village near Chilakaluripet and ends at Km 1366+547 at Kovour near Nellore and passes through number of settlement areas. The analysis of alternatives has been carried out ‘with project’ and ‘without project’ scenarios in terms of potential environmental impacts. The existing road passes through 64 villages areas, and existing ROW is in between 40m to 60m against proposed ROW of 75m in rural areas and 50m in urban areas. The present alignment has been followed for widening and concentric widening has been proposed thereby reducing the quantum of additional land take. For accommodating 6 laning configurations with proposed ROW, marginal land acquisition is required in some of the stretches. During widening of old 2 lane road in the project stretch, 6 bypasses were constructed recently to avoid large scale displacement of people and to reduce traffic congestion. Thus the major settlement along has already been avoided during 4 laning. At Ongole town old bypass No additional bypass is proposed. Since the alignment is to follow the existing 4 lane highway; hence there is no other alternative design. Therefore the analysis of alternative has been carried out ‘with project’ and ‘without project’ scenarios for the only one possible alternative i.e. to follow the existing alignment only. 407.78 Ha hectares of additional land is required to accommodate 6 lane configuration, service lane, bus bays, truck lay byes, toll plaza, rest areas, entry & exit points etc. and new Ongole bypass.

5.2 “With” and “Without” Project Scenario

The proposed development of project road of National Highway No.5 (NH- 5) from Km 1182+802 to Km 1366+547 in the State of Andhra Pradesh is not only development of surrounding area but will also provide smooth movement of traffic and linking with other roads of the country. Keeping in view, the site conditions and the scope of development of the area, the ‘With’ and ‘Without’ project scenarios has been compared for the lone existing alignment and is represented in Table 5.1.

Table 5.1: ‘With’ and ‘Without’ Project Scenario With Project Without Project Positive Impacts Negative Impacts Positive Impacts Negative Impacts  The improvement of road surface  About 407.78 Ha of  No acquisition of  Travel time and and bottlenecks will improve, additional land shall land or fuel consumption thus reduce the traffic congestion be acquired properties and level will be more and reduction in wastage of fuel.  Increase of traffic hence no due to  Flourish in trade and commerce will lead to air and displacement of bottlenecks  Providing better level of service in noise pollution. families.  Increase in dust terms of improved riding quality  Removal of trees  No felling of pollution and and smooth traffic flow. and vegetation due existing trees vehicular emission  Reduction in accident rate to widening and and vegetation  The accident rate  Access to new employment upgradation will increase opportunities  Minor changes in  Road Safety is  Employment of local workers for land use pattern presently most

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Analysis of Alternatives

With Project Without Project Positive Impacts Negative Impacts Positive Impacts Negative Impacts the execution of project along the project important concern  Better access to health care and area. of the people other social services  Short term Increase living along the  Improved quality of life of the in dust pollution highway which local people and noise pollution has not been  Better way side amenities and during construction addressed other facilities like bus period. properly. bays/shelters, truck lay byes and  Public Safety and  Further service roads Inconvenience due deterioration of  Increase of aesthetics and to construction project road. environmental condition due to activities till Avenue Plantation along the construction period. project road  Partial filling of  Adequate Underpasses, flyovers Ponds/Water Tanks for cross over falling within the  Provision of systematic utility proposed ROW duct will enhance the road  Inconvenience due aesthetics as well as reduction in to relocation of frequent damage of road due to public utilities repairing/ up gradation of utilities.  Increase in groundwater recharge due to proposed rain water harvesting structures. With the above comparison it can be concluded that “With” project scenario, positive/beneficial impacts will greatly enhance social & economic development of the region and improve the environment, when compared to the “Without” project scenario, which may further deteriorate the existing environment and quality of life. Hence the “With” project scenario with some reversible impacts is an acceptable option rather than “Without” project scenario. The implementation of the project therefore will definitely be advantageous to improve the environmental quality of the sub- region besides to achieve an all round development of the economy and progress of the region.

There is little increase in the pollution levels during construction. Dust and particulate matter during construction will affect the air quality on a short-term basis but will be temporary in nature. The safety of road users as well as surrounding population will enhance to great extent due to the project with provisions of service lane, pedestrian crossings, cattle crossings, traffic lights, truck lay byes, bus shelters, etc which are adequate in the present scenario.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Programme

CHAPTER 6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

Environmental monitoring provides an essential tool to make necessary recommendations and adopt suitable control strategies so that menace of rising environmental pollution could be minimized and a relief be extended to the people including labours in case of any damage caused under occupational health hazards. The monitoring is necessary for the following reasons:

• To see what impacts have occurred • To evaluate the performance of mitigation measures proposed in the EMP • To ensure that the conditions of approval are adhered to; • To suggest improvements in management plan, if required • To see that benefits expected from the EA are achieved as the project proceeds. • To satisfy the legal and community obligations. 6.1 Performance Indicators (PIS)

The physical, biological and social components, which are significant in affecting the environment at critical locations, have been suggested as Performance Indicators. The following specific environmental parameters can be qualitatively measured and compared over a period of time and therefore selected as Performance Indicators for monitoring due to their regulatory importance and the availability of standardized procedures and relevant expertise.

• Soil contamination & Erosion indices • Air quality • Water quality • Noise levels around sensitive locations. • Replantation success / survival rate • Restoration of borrow pits • Sedimentation rate in the downstream where ponds/tanks & Reservoirs are located in close vicinity 6.2 Selection of Indicators for Monitoring

The environmental parameters that may be qualitatively and quantitatively measured and compared over a period of time, due to their importance and the availability of standardized procedures and expertise, have been selected as Performance Indicators (PIs).

• Ambient Air Quality • Noise levels • Water Quality • Soil Quality • Flora

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6.3 Monitoring of Performance Indicators

6.3.1 Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring Ambient air quality parameters which are recommended for monitoring of widening and strengthening of highway projects are Particulate Matter (Size less than 10m or PM10 µg /m3), 3 Particulate Matter (Size less than 2.5m or PM2.5 µg/m ), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) and Carbon Monoxide (CO). These parameters are to be monitored at selected locations such as plant and machinery sites, crusher sites, excavation works, etc. starting from the commencement of construction activity. Data should be generated once in a season at the selected monitoring locations in accordance with National Ambient Air Quality (NAAQ) Standards 2009 (Annexure-6.1).

6.3.2 Ambient Noise Monitoring The measurement for monitoring the noise levels to be carried out at sensitive locations and at construction sites along the project road in accordance to the Ambient Noise Standards formulated by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) (Annexure 6 .2). Sound pressure level would be monitored on twenty-four hour basis. Noise shall be recorded at “A” weighted frequency using digitized noise monitoring instrument.

6.3.3 Water Quality Water quality of local water resources that is used by local community shall be monitored. The physical and chemical parameters recommended for analysis of water quality relevant to road project are pH, total solids, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, COD, BOD, DO, Oil and Grease, Chloride, Iron, etc. The monitoring of the water quality will be carried out at all locations identified along the project road during construction and operation phase. Monitoring parameters will be as per IS-10500 (Annexure-6.3) for ground water quality and for surface water quality as per CPCB Guidelines for used based surface water classification (Annexure-6.4).

6.3.4 Soil Quality The soil quality of the surround fields close to the construction site and plant site will be monitored to understand the impact of soil quality. The physic-chemical parameters recommended for analysis are physical Parameter: Texture, Grain Size, Gravel, Sand, Silt, Clay; Chemical Parameter: pH, Conductivity, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Nitrogen, Absorption Ratio.

6.3.5 Tree Survival Rate Roadside plantation of trees and their management will be an important environmental activity for the management group. These activities will include selection of plant, development of nurseries, protection of plant, interaction with roadside communities for plantation management and their maintenance, etc.

The widening and up gradation of the project requires felling of roadside trees. This lost will be compensated by compensatory afforestation. The compensatory afforestation will be done as per Forest (Conservation) Act and policy of Andhra Pradesh Forest Department.

To ensure the proper maintenance and monitoring of the compensatory afforestation, a regular maintenance and monitoring of the survival rate of the planted trees is being proposed up to a

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Programme

period of 5 years from the operation of the project. This will be monitored by implementing agency with the help of Forest Department.

6.4 Environmental Monitoring Action Plan

The monitoring action plan covering various performance indicators, frequency and institutional arrangements of the project in the construction and operation stages is given in Table 6.1.

6.5 Environmental Reporting System

Monitoring and evaluation are important activities in implementation of all projects. Monitoring involves periodic checking to ascertain whether activities are going according to the plans. It provides the necessary feedback for project management to keep the programme on schedule.

The reporting system will operate linearly with the Concessionaire, who will report to Independent Consultant (IC), who will in turn report to the Project Implementation Unit (PIU). All reporting by the Concessionaire and Independent Consultant shall be on monthly/quarterly/annual basis. The PIU shall be responsible for preparing targets for each of identified EMP activities.

The compliance monitoring and the progress reports on environmental components may be clubbed together and submitted to the PIU regularly during the implementation period. The operation stage monitoring reports may be annual or biennial provided the project Environmental Completion Report shows that the implementation was satisfactory. Otherwise, the operation stage monitoring reports will have to be prepared as specified in the said project Environmental Completion Report.

6.6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING COST

A separate budgetary provision has been made for implementation of Environmental Monitoring Plan. The environmental monitoring cost is estimated on the basis of the length and existing environmental scenario of the project road. A budget allocation of Rs. 89.12 lakhs has been made against environmental monitoring during construction and operation stages. The details are provided in Table 9.3 in the Chapter Environmental Management Plan.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Programme

Table 6.1: Environmental Monitoring Plan

Regular Monitoring Parameters Institutional Responsibilities

Parameters Standards Locations Frequency Duration Action P lan in Implementation Supervision case cr iteria exceeds Component Environment Project Stage 3 PM10 µg /m , PM2.5 National Plant site, HMP and Twice a month Continuous 24 Check and Concessionaire IC & PIU- 3 µg/m , SO2, NOx, Ambient Air Stone Crusher for 3 years hours modify control through approved NHAI

CO Quality device like bag monitoring agency Standard filter/cyclones of (CPCB, 1 8th hot mix plant 3 PM10 µg /m , PM2.5 Nov, 2009) Along the project Once in a season Continuous 24 - Concessionaire IC & PIU- µg /m3, SO , NOx, road at locations of excluding the hours through approved NHAI

2 Construction CO baseline monitoring monsoon for 3 monitoring agency Air in consultation with years IC 3 PM10 µg /m , PM2.5 Along the project Thrice a year for Continuous 24 - Concessionaire IC & PIU- 3 µg /m , SO2, NOx, road at locations of 5 year hours through approved NHAI CO baseline monitoring monitoring agency in consultation with Operation IC pH, temperature, Surface Water At identified Once in a season Grab Sampling Check and Concessionaire IC & PIU- DO, BOD, COD, Oil Quality locations excluding the modify petrol through approved NHAI n

& Grease, Total Standard as monsoon for 3 interceptors, silt monitoring agency Suspended Solid, per used based years fencing devices turbidity, Total classification Quality Hardness, Chlorine, for Surface Constructio

Surface Water Iron, Total Water as per Coliform. CPCB

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Programme

pH, temperature, Guidelines. At identified Once in a season Grab Sampling Check and Concessionaire IC & PIU-

DO, BOD, COD, Oil (Ref I S: locations excluding the modify petrol through approved NHAI & Grease, Total 10500, 1991) monsoon for 5 interceptors, silt monitoring agency Suspended Solid, years fencing devices turbidity, Total Operation Hardness, Chlorine, Iron, Total Coliform

pH, Temperature, Ground Water Plant Construction Once in a month Grab Sampling Check and Concessionaire IC & PIU-

TSS, Total Quality site for 3 years modify petrol through approved NHAI hardness, Standard as excluding interceptors, silt monitoring agency Suspended Solid, per IS: monsoon period fencing devices Chlorine, Iron, 10500, 1991

Construction Sulphate, Nitrate pH, Temperature, At identified Once in a season Grab Sampling Check and Concessionaire IC & PIU-

TSS, Total locations excluding modify petrol through approved NHAI hardness, monsoon for 5 interceptors, silt monitoring agency Suspended Solid, year fencing devices Ground Water Quality

Operation Chlorine, Iron, Sulphate, Nitrate Leq dB (A) (Day Ambient Noise At equipment yards Once in a season Readings to be Check and Concessionaire IC & PIU- and Night) Standard and locations as excluding taken at 60 modify through approved NHAI

Average and Peak (CPCB, 2000) identified by IC monsoon for 3 seconds interval equipment and monitoring agency values years for every hour devices used to and then Leq protect noise are to be level

Noise Level obtained for Day Construction time and Night time

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Leq dB (A) (Day Locations as Once in a season Readings to be - Concessionaire IC & PIU- and Night) identified by IC excluding taken at 60 through approved NHAI

Average and Peak monsoon for 5 seconds interval monitoring agency values year for every hour and then Leq are to be Operation obtained for Day time and Night time Physical - Near Construction Once in a season - - Concessionaire IC & PIU- Parameter: sites along the road excluding the through approved NHAI Texture, Grain as identified by the monsoon for 3 monitoring agency

Size, Gravel, Sand, IC years Silt, Clay; Chemical Parameter: pH, Conductivity, Calcium, Construction Magnesium, Sodium, Nitrogen, Absorption Ratio

Soil Physical Once in a season 5Years - Concessionaire IC & PIU- Parameter: excluding the through approved NHAI Texture, Grain monsoon for 5 monitoring agency

Size, Gravel, Sand, year Silt, Clay; Chemical Parameter: pH, Conductivity, Operation Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Nitrogen, Absorption Ratio

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Programme

Tree Survival rate 90% Tree Throughout the Once in a month 1 Years Replacement of Concessionaire IC, PIU NHAI

Survival Rate Project in Dead tree with substantially healthy saplings

completed section of same species, repairing of tree guards, fencing Construction etc.

Tree Survival rate 90% Tree Throughout the Once in three 5 years Replacement of Concessionaire IC, PIU NHAI Development Survival Rate Project stretch months Dead tree with healthy saplings Tree Plantation/Greenbelt

Operation of same species

Turbidity in Storm As specified by At the drains, Pre-monsoon 3 years Inspection and Concessionaire IC, PIU NHAI water the engineer Ponds, water and post modification of Silt load in ponds Water quality reservoir and tanks monsoon silt fencing/ any standards construction seasons for 3 leakage of drains site/along the ROW years to these surface

Construction water bodies Turbidity in Storm As specified by At major water 5 Year 5 Years Check and repair Concessionaire IC till defect water the engineer / bodies (Pond, before onset of catch drains, liability

Silt load in ponds Water quality Tanks, Reservoirs monsoon storm water period, PIU standards within the Proposed drains and silt NHAI Water Bodies ROW and those trap located at Operation immediate vicinity of the Proposed ROW.

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6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Programme (Annexure-6.1)

ANNEXURE – 6.1

NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS

Sl. Pollutant Time Concentration in Ambient Air No. Weighted Industrial, Ecologically Method of Average Residential, Sensitive A rea Measurement Rural a nd (notified b y Other Area Central Government) (1) Sulphur Annual* 50 20 Improved West and Dioxide (SO2) 24 hours** 80 80 Geake Method µg/m3 Ultraviolet Fluorescence (2) Oxides of Annual* 40 30 Jacob & Hochheiser Nitrogen Modified (NOx) (Na-Arsenite) Method µg/m3 Chemiluminescence 24 hours** 80 80 Gas Phase Chemiluminescence (3) Particulate Annual* 60 60 Gravimetric Matter (Size 24 hours** 100 100 TOEM less than 10 Beta attenuation µm) or PM10 µg/m3 (4) Particulate Annual* 40 40 Gravimetric Matter (Size 24 hours** 60 60 TOEM less than 2.5 Beta attenuation µm) or PM2.5 µg/m3

(5) Ozone (O3) 8 hours** 100 100 UV Photometric µg/m3 1 hour** 180 180 Chemiluminescence Chemical Method (6) Lead (Pb) Annual* 0.5 0.5 ASS/ ICP Method after µg/m3 24 hours** 1.0 1.0 sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent Filter paper ED – XRF using Teflon filter (7) Carbon 8 hours** 02 02 Non Dispersive Infra Monoxide Red (NDIR) (CO) 1 hour** 04 04 Spectroscopy mg/m3 (8) Ammonia Annual* 100 100 Chemiluminescence (NH3) 24 hours** 400 400 Indophenol blue method µg/m3 (9) Benzene Annual* 05 05 Gas Chromatography (C6H6) based continuous µg/m3 analyzer Adsorption and Desorption followed by GC analysis

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Programme (Annexure-6.1)

Sl. Pollutant Time Concentration in Ambient Air No. Weighted Industrial, Ecologically Method of Average Residential, Sensitive A rea Measurement Rural a nd (notified b y Other Area Central Government) (10) Benzo (a) Annual* 01 01 Solvent extraction pyrene (BaP) followed by HPLC/GC – Particulate analysis phase only, ng/m3 (11) Arsenic (As) Annual* 06 06 AAS/ICP method after ng/m3 sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper (12) Nickel (Ni) Annual* 20 20 AAS/ICP method after ng/m3 sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper

*Annual Arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year at a particular site taken twice a week 24 hourly at uniform interval.

**24 hourly or 08 hourly or 01 hourly monitored values, as applicable, shall be complied with 98% of the time in a year. 2% of the time, they may exceed the limits but not on two consecutive days of monitoring.

Source: National Ambient Air Quality Standards, Central Pollution Control Board Notification No. 29016/20/90/PCI-I dated 18 November, 2009

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Programme (Annexure-6.2)

ANNEXURE – 6.2

NATIONAL AMBIENT NOISE MONITORING STANDARDS Noise Level (Leq dB (A))* Area/Class Day Time Night Time Industrial 75 70 Commercial/Mixed 65 55 Residential/Rural 55 45 Sensitive 50 40

Note-: 1. Day time shall mean from 6 a.m. to 10 p.m. 2. Night time shall mean from 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. 3. Silence Zone is an area comprising not less than 100 meters around hospitals, education institutions, courts, religious places or any other area, which is declared as such by Competent Authority. 4. Mixed categories of areas may be declared as one of the four above-mentioned categories by the Competent Authority.

*dB(A) Leq denotes the time weighted average of the level of decibels on scale A which is related to Human Beings

A “decibel” is the unit in which noise is measured

“A” in dB(A) Leq, denotes the frequency weighted in the measurement of the noise corresponds to frequency response characteristics of the human ear.

Leq: It is an energy means of the noise level over a specified period.

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Programme (Annexure-6.3)

ANNEXURE – 6.3

WATER QUALITY STANDARD AS PER BIS (IS: 10500:1991) Max. Permissible S. Parameters Desirable Limit Limits in the absence No. of alternate source Essential Characteristics: 1. Colour 5 25 2. Odour Unobjectionable Unobjectionable 3. Taste Agreeable Agreeable 4. Turbidity, NTU 5 10 5. pH Value 6.5 to 8.5 No relaxation

6. Total Hardness (as CaCO3), mg/l 300 600 7. Iron as Fe, mg/l 0.3 1.0 8. Chloride as Cl, mg/l 250 1000 9. Residual free Chlorine, mg/l 0.2 - Desirable Characteristics 10. Dissolved Solids, mg/l 500 2000 11. Calcium as Ca, mg/l 75 200 12. Copper as Cu, mg/l 0.05 1.5 13. Manganese as Mn, mg/l 0.10 0.3

14. Sulphate as SO4, mg/l 200 400

15. Nitrate as NO3, mg/l 45 100 16. Fluoride as F, mg/l 1.0 1.5

17. Phenolic Compounds as C6H5OH, mg/l 0.001 0.002 18. Mercury as Hg, mg/l 0.001 No relaxation 19. Cadmium as Cd, mg/l 0.01 No relaxation 20. Selenium as Se, mg/l 0.01 No relaxation 21. Arsenic as As, mg/l 0.05 No relaxation 22. Cyanide as CN, mg/l 0.05 No relaxation 23. Lead as Pb, mg/l 0.05 No relaxation 24. Zinc as Zn, mg/l 5.0 15.0 25. Anionic detergent as MBAS, mg/l 0.2 1.0 26. Chromium as Cr6+, mg/l 0.05 No relaxation 27. Polynuclear aromatic hydro carbon as PAH, g/l - - 28. Mineral Oil, mg/l 0.01 0.03

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Programme (Annexure-6.3)

Max. Permissible S. Parameters Desirable Limit Limits in the absence No. of alternate source 29. Pesticide, mg/l Absent 0.001 Radioactive materials: 30. Alpha Emitters, Bq/l - 0.1 Beta Emitters, Bq/l - 1.0 31. Alkalinity, mg/l 200 600 32. Aluminum as Al, mg/l 0.03 0.2 33. Boron, mg/l 1.0 5.0

6-Laning of Chilakaluripet to Nellore Section of NH- 5 in the EIA Report State of Andhra Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Programme (Annexure-6.4)

ANNEXURE – 6.4

USE BASED CLASSIFICATION OF SURFACE WATERS IN INDIA Class of Designated-Best-Use Criteria water Drinking Water Source without i. Total Coliforms Organism MPN/100ml shall be conventional treatment but after 50 or less disinfections ii. pH between 6.5 and 8.5 A iii. Dissolved Oxygen 6mg/l or more iv. Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20oC 2mg/l or less Outdoor bathing (Organized) i. Total Coliforms Organism MPN/100ml shall be 500 or less ii. pH between 6.5 and 8.5 B iii. Dissolved Oxygen 5mg/l or more iv. Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20oC 3mg/l or less Drinking water source after i. Total Coliforms Organism MPN/100ml shall be conventional treatment and 5000 or less disinfections ii. pH between 6 to 9 C iii. Dissolved Oxygen 4mg/l or more iv. Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days 20oC 3mg/l or less Propagation of Wild life and Fisheries i. pH between 6.5 to 8.5 D ii. Dissolved Oxygen 4mg/l or more iii. Free Ammonia (as N) 1.2 mg/l or less Irrigation, Industrial Cooling, i. pH between 6.0 to 8.5 Controlled Waste disposal ii. Electrical Conductivity at 25oC micro mhos/cm E Max.2250 iii. Sodium absorption Ratio Max. 26 iv. Boron Max. 2mg/l Source: Guidelines for Water Quality Management – CPCB 2008.