DOCSLIB.ORG

Magnetic Polarity Stratigraphy and Biostratigraphy of Paleocene and Lower Eocene Continental Deposits, Clark's Fork Basin, Wyoming Robert F

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Magnetic Polarity Stratigraphy and Biostratigraphy of Paleocene and Lower Eocene Continental Deposits, Clark's Fork Basin, Wyoming Robert F University of Portland Pilot Scholars Environmental Studies Faculty Publications and Environmental Studies Presentations 5-1981 Magnetic Polarity Stratigraphy and Biostratigraphy of Paleocene and Lower Eocene Continental Deposits, Clark's Fork Basin, Wyoming Robert F. Butler University of Portland, [email protected] Philip D. Gingerich Everett H. Lindsay Follow this and additional works at: http://pilotscholars.up.edu/env_facpubs Part of the Earth Sciences Commons Citation: Pilot Scholars Version (Modified MLA Style) Butler, Robert F.; Gingerich, Philip D.; and Lindsay, Everett H., "Magnetic Polarity Stratigraphy and Biostratigraphy of Paleocene and Lower Eocene Continental Deposits, Clark's Fork Basin, Wyoming" (1981). Environmental Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations. 3. http://pilotscholars.up.edu/env_facpubs/3 This Journal Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Environmental Studies at Pilot Scholars. It has been accepted for inclusion in Environmental Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations by an authorized administrator of Pilot Scholars. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MAGNETIC POLARITY STRATIGRAPHY AND 40K-40AR DATING OF LATE MIOCENE AND EARLY PLIOCENE CONTINENTAL DEPOSITS, CATAMARCA PROVINCE, NW ARGENTINA' ROBERT F. BUTLER, LARRY G. MARSHALL, ROBERT E. DRAKE, AND GARNISS H. CURTIS Departmentof Geosciences, The Universityof Arizona, Tucson, Arizona85721 Departmentof Geology and Geophysics, Universityof California,Berkeley, California94720 ABSTRACT Magnetostratigraphicand 40K- 40Ardata on a 2300 m thick sequenceof continentalsediments at Puerta de CorralQuemado in CatamarcaProvince, NW Argentinapermit calibration of landmammal faunas of late Tertiary(Huayquerian and Montehermosan)age. The sequence represents(from oldest to youngest) the ChiquimilA, Araucanense,and CorralQuemado Formations. Paleomagnetic samples were collected from 99 stratigraphiclevels. Strong-fieldthermomagnetic and isothermalremanent magnetization experiments indicatethat the dominantferrimagnetic mineral is magnetite.Progressive alternating-field (AF) and themal demagnetizationof the naturalremanent magnetism (NRM) demonstratesthat AF demagnetizationto 20 mT peak field is sufficient to isolate the primaryNRM which is of depositionalorigin. The resulting paleomagneticdata provide a well-definedmagnetic polarity zonation, although sampling is less dense in the upperhalf of the section. 40K-40Ar data obtainedfrom mineralseparates of four tuffs withinthe section allow reliableage determinationsfor those levels. The combinedmagnetostratigraphic and 40K- 40Ardata allow the magneticpolarity zonation to be correlatedwith the magneticpolarity time scale. This correlation indicates a nearly constant rate of sediment accumulationbetween -8.0 Ma and 3.5 Ma. The boundary between the Araucanenseand CorralQuemado Formations approximates the boundarybetween the Huay- querianand Montehermosanland mammalage faunas at this locality. The data presentedhere allow the boundarybetween the Araucanenseand CorralQuemado Formations to be datedat 6.4 Ma. Combinedwith geochronologicdata from similarage rocks and faunasfrom San Carlos, MendozaProvince, west-central Argentina,the geochronologicdata from Puerta de CorralQuemado allow the Huayquerian-Monteher- mosanland mammal age boundaryto be placedtentatively at 6.0 Ma. A specimenof the fossil land mammal Cyonasua(family Procyonidae) from unit 14 of the AraucanenseFormation is dated at 7.0 to 7.5 Ma. This specimenis the earliest known representativeof this North Americangroup in South Americaand repre- sents the oldest dated participantin the GreatAmerican Faunal Interchange on that continent. INTRODUCTION the appearance of the land bridge and in- The continents of North and South volved most of the interchange participants, America are today connected by the Panama- which dispersed north and/or south after 3.0 nian land bridge, a structure which has per- Ma. The other phase occurred prior to emer- mitted the reciprocal interchange of terres- gence of the land bridge and involved fewer trial biotas following its final emergence participants. The land mammals in this phase about 3.0 Ma. This biotic event is known as were waif immigrants in the Late Miocene the Great American Faunal Interchange and dispersed on rafts of vegetation and/or by (Webb 1976), and it represents the best docu- island hopping along island chains. The par- mented example in the fossil record of an in- ticipants are known to include members of terchange of two long separated continental the North American raccoon family Procy- faunas. onidae (and possibly the rodent family Two primary phases of the Great American Cricetidae), which dispersed to South Amer- Faunal Interchange are recognized, the par- ica, and members of the ground sloth families ticipants in which are identified on the basis Megalonychidae and Mylodontidae, which of their time and means of dispersal (Simpson dispersed to North America. In this paper we 1940, 1950, 1980). One phase occurred after provide geochronologic data that securely calibrates the beginning of this early phase of the Great American Faunal Interchange in 1 Manuscript received February 22, 1984; re- vised June 11, 1984. South America. Late Tertiary land mammal faunas which [JOURNALOF GEOLOGY, 1984, vol. 92, p. 623-636] © 1984 by The University of Chicago. All rights include fossil Procyonidae have been re- reserved. corded from a thick sedimentary sequence 0022-1376/84/9206-001$1.00 at Puerta de Corral Quemado and Chiquimil 623 This content downloaded from 64.251.254.77 on Mon, 28 Oct 2013 18:33:29 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions 624 R. F. BUTLER ET AL. FIG. 1.-Map of Catamarca Province, northwest Argentina showing Puerta de Corral Quemado and Chiquimil localities. in CatamarcaProvince, northwestArgentina corded 1,525 m of sediment and that from (fig. 1). A largecollection of fossil vertebrates Puerta de Corral Qeumado 1,913 m. Fossil from these localities was made by Elmer S. mammalsand tuff beds were indicatedto be Riggs in 1926 and is deposited in the Field especially abundantin the upper half of each Museum of Natural History, Chicago. De- section. tailed stratigraphicprofiles of each locality These published data indicated potential were made by RudolphStahlecker, geologist for calibrating the age of these mammal- on the Riggs' expedition, and recordwas kept bearingrocks using magnetostratigraphicand of the position of most fossils collected within 40K- 40Ar dating techniques. In May 1977, this stratigraphic framework. Stahlecker's Butler, Marshall, and personnel from the sections were publishedby Riggs and Patter- Museo de La Plata and Museo Municipalde son (1939) along with a preliminarystudy of Ciencias Naturales "Lorenzo Scaglia" in the faunas. The section from Chiquimilre- Argentina visited these localities to deter- This content downloaded from 64.251.254.77 on Mon, 28 Oct 2013 18:33:29 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions MAGNETIC POLARITY STRATIGRAPHY 625 mine the feasibility of such a study. The re- results of that trip are reportedhere. A 2,300 sults of that trip are reported by Marshall et m thick composite paleomagneticsection, in- al. (1979). The rocks at Puerta de Corral cluding the two sections collected in 1977, Quemado proved particularly suitable for was obtained. This section correlates with paleomagnetic analysis, and two sections, the upper half of Stahlecker's section, span- each including a securely dated tuff, were ning his units 13 through30 (see below) and sampled. The dated tuff in the upper part of includes four securely dated tuffs. We our lower 400 + m section we believed to be confirmedthe identityof the tuff in our upper Stahlecker's unit 8, and the dated tuff in the section of Marshallet al. (1979) as Stahleck- top of our upper 500 + m section we believed er's unit 29, but found that unit 8 in the lower to be his unit 29. Correlation of our two sec- section of Marshall et al. (1979) is actually tions with units in Stahlecker's section was Stahlecker's unit 15. The unit identified as based largely on the identity of these tuff unit 15 by Marshallet al. (1979) cannot be levels. securely correlated with a specific unit in Our preliminary study demonstrated the Stahlecker's section, although we believe ideal nature of these rocks for magnetostrati- that unit is correlativewith Stahlecker'sunit graphic and 40K- 40Ar analyses. We felt 20. confident that additional work at Puerta de Stratigraphicnomenclature of the late Ter- Corral Quemado would permit us to sample tiary sedimentsat Puertade CorralQuemado the sequence between our upper and lower and Chiquimilhas had a confused history as sections. The anticipated results would pro- reviewed by Marshall and Patterson (1981, vide a more secure correlation of our data pp. 14-15) and Bossi and Palma(1982, fig. 1). with Stahlecker's section and would permit We follow the terminologyused by Riggs and chronostratigraphic calibration of the fossil Patterson (1939) because it is the one which faunas, including three specimens of Procy- appears most frequently in paleontological onidae. The mammal faunas are assigned to literature. the Huayquerian and Montehermosan Land The following abbreviations are used: Mammal Ages (see below). Thus, the oppor- FMNH, Field Museum of Natural History, tunity existed to date the Huayquerian-Mon- Chicago;MACN, Museo Argentinode Cien- tehermosan boundary at this locality. cias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia," An unpublished manuscript
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pleistocene Mammals and Paleoecology of the Western Amazon
    PLEISTOCENE MAMMALS AND PALEOECOLOGY OF THE WESTERN AMAZON By ALCEU RANCY A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 1991 . To Cleusa, Bianca, Tiago, Thomas, and Nono Saul (Pistolin de Oro) . ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work received strong support from John Eisenberg (chairman) and David Webb, both naturalists, humanists, and educators. Both were of special value, contributing more than the normal duties as members of my committee. Bruce MacFadden provided valuable insights at several periods of uncertainty. Ronald Labisky and Kent Redford also provided support and encouragement. My field work in the western Amazon was supported by several grants from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) , and the Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC) , Brazil. I also benefitted from grants awarded to Ken Campbell and Carl Frailey from the National Science Foundation (NSF) I thank Daryl Paul Domning, Jean Bocquentin Villanueva, Jonas Pereira de Souza Filho, Ken Campbell, Jose Carlos Rodrigues dos Santos, David Webb, Jorge Ferigolo, Carl Frailey, Ernesto Lavina, Michael Stokes, Marcondes Costa, and Ricardo Negri for sharing with me fruitful and adventurous field trips along the Amazonian rivers. The CNPq and the Universidade Federal do Acre, supported my visit to the. following institutions (and colleagues) to examine their vertebrate collections: iii . ; ; Universidade do Amazonas, Manaus
    [Show full text]
  • First Lizard Remains (Teiidae) from the Miocene of Brazil (Solimões Formation)
    Rev. bras. paleontol. 12(3):225-230, Setembro/Dezembro 2009 © 2009 by the Sociedade Brasileira de Paleontologia doi:10.4072/rbp.2009.3.05 FIRST LIZARD REMAINS (TEIIDAE) FROM THE MIOCENE OF BRAZIL (SOLIMÕES FORMATION) ANNIE SCHMALTZ HSIOU Seção de Paleontologia, Museu de Ciências Naturais, FZB-RS, Av. Salvador França, 1427, 90690-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. [email protected] ADRIANA MARIA ALBINO CONICET, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3250, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina. [email protected] JORGE FERIGOLO Seção de Paleontologia, Museu de Ciências Naturais, FZB-RS, Av. Salvador França, 1427, 90690-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. [email protected] ABSTRACT – The South American Teiidae fossil record is restricted to the Cenozoic, and the most conspicuous remains were found in Early to Late Miocene of Argentina and Middle Miocene of Colombia and Peru, all represented by Tupinambinae lizards. Here, we describe a right fragmentary dentary and one dorsal vertebra collected in the Solimões Formation at the Talismã locality, situated on the Purus River, in the southwestern Brazilian Amazonia (Late Miocene). The material is tentatively conferred to the extinct genus Paradracaena. It represents the first record of lizards for the Neogene southwestern Brazilian Amazonia. Key words: Teiidae, Tupinambinae, Solimões Formation, Miocene, southwestern Brazilian Amazonia. RESUMO – O registro fóssil de Teiidae para a América do Sul é restrito ao Cenozóico. Os fósseis mais significantes são encontrados a partir do Mioceno inferior ao superior da Argentina e Mioceno médio da Colômbia e Peru, principalmente representados pelos Tupinambinae. Neste trabalho descreve-se um fragmento de dentário direito e uma vértebra dorsal coletados em sedimentos da Formação Solimões, na localidade Talismã, alto rio Purus, sudoeste da Amazônia brasileira.
    [Show full text]
  • Sistemática Y Filogenia De Las Aves Fororracoideas (Gruiformes, Cariamae)
    SISTEMÁTICA Y FILOGENIA DE LAS AVES FORORRACOIDEAS (GRUIFORMES, CARIAMAE) Federico Agnolín1, 2 1Laboratorio de Anatomía Comparada y Evolución de los Vertebrados, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”. Av. Ángel Gallardo, 470 (1405), Buenos Aires, República Argentina. fedeagnolí[email protected] 2Área Paleontología. Fundación de Historia Natural “Félix de Azara”. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Antropolo- gía. CEBBAD - Universidad Maimónides. Valentín Virasoro 732 (C1405BDB), Buenos Aires, República Argentina. Sistemática y Filogenia de las Aves Fororracoideas (Gruiformes, Cariamae). Federico Agnolín. Primera edición: septiembre de 2009. Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Antropología CEBBAD - Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Universidad Maimónides Valentín Virasoro 732 (C1405BDB) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, República Argentina. Teléfono: 011-4905-1100 (int. 1228). E-mail: [email protected] Página web: www.fundacionazara.org.ar Diseño: Claudia Di Leva. Agnolín, Federico Sistemática y filogenia de las aves fororracoideas : gruiformes, cariamae / Federico Agnolín ; dirigido por Adrián Giacchino. - 1a ed. - Buenos Aires : Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara, 2009. 79 p. : il. ; 30x21 cm. - (Monografías Fundación Azara / Adrián Giacchino) ISBN 978-987-25346-1-5 © Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara Queda hecho el depósito que marca la ley 11.723 Sistemática y Filogenia de las aves fororracoideas (Gruiformes, Cariamae) Resumen. En el presente trabajo se efectúa una revisión sistemática de las aves fororracoideas y se propone por primera vez una filogenia cladística para los Phororhacoidea y grupos relacionados. Se acuña el nuevo nombre Notogrues para el clado que incluye entre otros taxones a Psophia, Cariamidae y Phororhacoidea. Dentro de los Notogrues se observa una paulatina tendencia hacia la pérdida del vuelo y la carnivoría.
    [Show full text]
  • Mammals and Stratigraphy : Geochronology of the Continental Mammal·Bearing Quaternary of South America
    MAMMALS AND STRATIGRAPHY : GEOCHRONOLOGY OF THE CONTINENTAL MAMMAL·BEARING QUATERNARY OF SOUTH AMERICA by Larry G. MARSHALLI, Annallsa BERTA'; Robert HOFFSTETTER', Rosendo PASCUAL', Osvaldo A. REIG', Miguel BOMBIN', Alvaro MONES' CONTENTS p.go Abstract, Resume, Resumen ................................................... 2, 3 Introduction .................................................................. 4 Acknowledgments ............................................................. 6 South American Pleistocene Land Mammal Ages ....... .. 6 Time, rock, and faunal units ...................... .. 6 Faunas....................................................................... 9 Zoological character and history ................... .. 9 Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary ................................................ 12 Argentina .................................................................... 13 Pampean .................................................................. 13 Uquian (Uquiense and Puelchense) .......................................... 23 Ensenadan (Ensenadense or Pampeano Inferior) ............................... 28 Lujanian (LuJanense or Pampeano lacus/re) .................................. 29 Post Pampean (Holocene) ........... :....................................... 30 Bolivia ................ '...................................................... ~. 31 Brazil ........................................................................ 37 Chile ........................................................................ 44 Colombia
    [Show full text]
  • New Radiometric 40Ar–39Ar Dates and Faunistic Analyses Refine
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refne evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America Francisco J. Prevosti1,2*, Cristo O. Romano2,3, Analía M. Forasiepi2,3, Sidney Hemming4, Ricardo Bonini2,5, Adriana M. Candela2,6, Esperanza Cerdeño2,3, M. Carolina Madozzo Jaén2,7,8, Pablo E. Ortiz2,7, François Pujos2,3, Luciano Rasia2,6, Gabriela I. Schmidt2,9, Matias Taglioretti10,11,12, Ross D. E. MacPhee13 & Ulyses F. J. Pardiñas2,14,15 The vertebrate fossil record of the Pampean Region of Argentina occupies an important place in South American vertebrate paleontology. An abundance of localities has long been the main basis for constructing the chronostratigraphical/geochronological scale for the late Neogene–Quaternary of South America, as well as for understanding major patterns of vertebrate evolution, including the Great American Biotic Interchange. However, few independently-derived dates are available for constraining this record. In this contribution, we present new 40Ar/39Ar dates on escorias (likely the product of meteoric impacts) from the Argentinean Atlantic coast and statistically-based biochronological analyses that help to calibrate Late Miocene–Pliocene Pampean faunal successions. For the type areas of the Montehermosan and Chapadmalalan Ages/Stages, our results delimit their age ranges to 4.7–3.7 Ma and ca. 3.74–3.04 Ma, respectively. Additionally, from Buenos Aires Province, dates of 5.17 Ma and 4.33 Ma were recovered for “Huayquerian” and Montehermosan faunas. This information helps to better calibrate important frst appearances of allochthonous taxa in South America, including one of the oldest records for procyonids (7.24–5.95 Ma), cricetids (6.95– 5.46 Ma), and tayassuids (> 3.74 Ma, oldest high-confdence record).
    [Show full text]
  • Middle Miocene Rodents from Quebrada Honda, Bolivia
    MIDDLE MIOCENE RODENTS FROM QUEBRADA HONDA, BOLIVIA JENNIFER M. H. CHICK Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Thesis Adviser: Dr. Darin Croft Department of Biology CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY May, 2009 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES We hereby approve the thesis/dissertation of _____________________________________________________ candidate for the ______________________degree *. (signed)_______________________________________________ (chair of the committee) ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ (date) _______________________ *We also certify that written approval has been obtained for any proprietary material contained therein. Table of Contents List of Tables ...................................................................................................................... ii List of Figures.................................................................................................................... iii Abstract.............................................................................................................................. iv Introduction..........................................................................................................................1 Materials and Methods.........................................................................................................7
    [Show full text]
  • Chronologic Implications of New Miocene Mammals from the Cura-Mallín and Trapa Trapa Formations, Laguna Del Laja Area, South Central Chile
    Chronologic implications of new Miocene mammals from the Cura-Mallín and Trapa Trapa formations, Laguna del Laja area, south central Chile John J. Flynn a,*, Reynaldo Charrier b, Darin A. Croft c, Phillip B. Gans d, Trystan M. Herriott d, Jill A. Wertheim d, André R. Wyss d a Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, USA b Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 13518, Correo 21, Santiago, Chile c Department of Anatomy, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA d Department of Earth Science, University of California- Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA abstract Keywords: Recent work in the central Andean Main Range of Chile near Laguna del Laja (37.5°S, 71°W) has pro- Chile duced the first mammal fossils for the region. Fossils, locally abundant and well preserved, occur patchily Fossil mammals across a wide area southeast of the lake. Mammalian remains are derived from generally strongly folded Paleontology (kilometer-scale) exposures of the locally 1.8 km thick, early to middle Miocene Cura-Mallín Formation; Miocene two identifiable specimens have been recovered from the overlying Trapa Trapa Formation as well. Both Geochronology formations consist primarily of well-stratified (1–5 m thick layers) volcaniclastic and volcanic strata, Tectonics deposited predominantly in fluviatile systems. The Cura-Mallín Formation is possibly the southern con- tinuation of (or lateral equivalent to) the richly fossiliferous Abanico Formation mapped between 32°S and 36°S. Intensive sampling in a series of localities east and south of Laguna del Laja has yielded diverse faunas, in addition to radioisotopically dateable horizons.
    [Show full text]
  • Neotropical Mammal Diversity and the Great American Biotic Interchange: Spatial and Temporal Variation in South America’S Fossil Record
    REVIEW ARTICLE published: 05 January 2015 doi: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00451 Neotropical mammal diversity and the Great American Biotic Interchange: spatial and temporal variation in South America’s fossil record Juan D. Carrillo 1,2*, Analía Forasiepi 3, Carlos Jaramillo 2 and Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra 1 1 Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland 2 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama 3 Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), CCT-CONICET Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina Edited by: The vast mammal diversity of the Neotropics is the result of a long evolutionary history. James Edward Richardson, Royal During most of the Cenozoic, South America was an island continent with an endemic Botanic Garden Edinburgh, UK mammalian fauna. This isolation ceased during the late Neogene after the formation Reviewed by: of the Isthmus of Panama, resulting in an event known as the Great American Biotic William Daniel Gosling, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands Interchange (GABI). In this study, we investigate biogeographic patterns in South America, Bruce D Patterson, Field Museum of just before or when the first immigrants are recorded and we review the temporal Natural History, USA and geographical distribution of fossil mammals during the GABI. We performed a *Correspondence: dissimilarity analysis which grouped the faunal assemblages according to their age and Juan D. Carrillo, Paläontologisches their geographic distribution. Our data support the differentiation between tropical and Institut und Museum, University of Zurich, Karl-Schmid-Strasse 4, 8006 temperate assemblages in South America during the middle and late Miocene. The Zürich, Switzerland GABI begins during the late Miocene (∼10–7 Ma) and the putative oldest migrations are e-mail: [email protected] recorded in the temperate region, where the number of GABI participants rapidly increases after ∼5 Ma and this trend continues during the Pleistocene.
    [Show full text]
  • Major Radiations in the Evolution of Caviid Rodents: Reconciling Fossils, Ghost Lineages, and Relaxed Molecular Clocks
    Major Radiations in the Evolution of Caviid Rodents: Reconciling Fossils, Ghost Lineages, and Relaxed Molecular Clocks Marı´a Encarnacio´ nPe´rez*, Diego Pol* CONICET, Museo Paleontolo´gico Egidio Feruglio, Trelew, Chubut Province, Argentina Abstract Background: Caviidae is a diverse group of caviomorph rodents that is broadly distributed in South America and is divided into three highly divergent extant lineages: Caviinae (cavies), Dolichotinae (maras), and Hydrochoerinae (capybaras). The fossil record of Caviidae is only abundant and diverse since the late Miocene. Caviids belongs to Cavioidea sensu stricto (Cavioidea s.s.) that also includes a diverse assemblage of extinct taxa recorded from the late Oligocene to the middle Miocene of South America (‘‘eocardiids’’). Results: A phylogenetic analysis combining morphological and molecular data is presented here, evaluating the time of diversification of selected nodes based on the calibration of phylogenetic trees with fossil taxa and the use of relaxed molecular clocks. This analysis reveals three major phases of diversification in the evolutionary history of Cavioidea s.s. The first two phases involve two successive radiations of extinct lineages that occurred during the late Oligocene and the early Miocene. The third phase consists of the diversification of Caviidae. The initial split of caviids is dated as middle Miocene by the fossil record. This date falls within the 95% higher probability distribution estimated by the relaxed Bayesian molecular clock, although the mean age estimate ages are 3.5 to 7 Myr older. The initial split of caviids is followed by an obscure period of poor fossil record (refered here as the Mayoan gap) and then by the appearance of highly differentiated modern lineages of caviids, which evidentially occurred at the late Miocene as indicated by both the fossil record and molecular clock estimates.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Vol. 20, No. 3
    BULLETIN of the FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM Biological Sciences Volume 20 1976 Number 3 LATEST PLIOCENE MAMMALS FROM HAILE XV A, ALACHUA COUNTY, FLORIDA JESSE S. ROBERTSON 0 e UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA GAINESVILLE Numbers of the BULLETIN OF THE FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, are published at irregular intervals. Volumes contain about 300 pages and are not necessarily completed in any one calendar year. CARTER R, GEBERT, Editor RHODA J. RYBAK, Managing Editor Consultants for this issue: CLAYTON E. RAY S. DAVID WEBB Communications concerning purchase or exchange of the publications and all manu- scripts should be addressed to the Managing Editor of the Bulletin, Florida State Museum, Museum Road, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611. This public document was promulgated at an annual cost of $2824.29 or $2.824 per copy. It makes available to libraries, scholars, and all interested persons the results of researches in the natural sciences, emphasizing the Circum-Caribbean region. Publication date: July 7, 1976 Price: $2.85 LATEST PLIOCENE MAMMALS FROM HAILE XV A, ALACHUA COUNTY, FLORIDA JESSE S. ROBERTSON, JR.1 SYNOPSIS: The mammalian fauna of Haile XV A is the first known from the Gulf Coastal Plain during Blancan ( Latest Pliocene) time. The mammals are repre- sented by 8 orders, 17 families, and 18 genera, of which two are new species and three are new to North America. Kraglievichia, a giant, extinct armadillo previously known only from Late Miocene and Pliocene deposits of South America, is reported for the first time in North America and a new species is described. A brief review of the subfamily Chlamytheriinae suggests that Plaina Castellanos is a synonym of Krag- lievichia Castellanos and that Holistetteria Castellanos is a synonym of Pampatherium Ameghino.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.A Late Miocene Dolichotinae (Mammalia, Rodentia, Caviidae
    Mastozoología Neotropical ISSN: 0327-9383 [email protected] Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Argentina Ubilla, Martín; Rinderknecht, Andrés A Late Miocene Dolichotinae (Mammalia, Rodentia, Caviidae) from Uruguay, with comments about the relationships of some related fossil species Mastozoología Neotropical, vol. 10, núm. 2, julio-diciembre, 2003, pp. 293-302 Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Tucumán, Argentina Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45710208 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Mastozoología Neotropical / J. Neotrop. Mammal.; 10(2):293-302 ISSN 0327-9383 ©SAREM, 2003 Versión on-line ISSN 1666-0536 A LATE MIOCENE DOLICHOTINAE (MAMMALIA, RODENTIA, CAVIIDAE) FROM URUGUAY, WITH COMMENTS ABOUT THE RELATIONSHIPS OF SOME RELATED FOSSIL SPECIES Martín Ubilla1 and Andrés Rinderknecht2 1 Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias. Iguá 4225. 11400. Montevideo, Uruguay. ++ 5982 5258618 fax: ++5982 5258617; <[email protected]>. 2 Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Casilla de Correo 399, 11.000 Montevideo, Uruguay. <[email protected]> ABSTRACT. The oldest dolichotine from Uruguay (late Miocene deposits of southwestern) is described and here assigned to the genus “Prodolichotis” Kraglievich, 1932. It is interme- diate in size between Pediolagus salinicola (Burmeister, 1876) and Dolichotis patagonum (Zimmermann, 1780) and similar to “Prodolichotis” lacunosa (Ameghino, 1888). The material consists in an incomplete skull which has a diastema longer than P4-M3 length, the naso- lacrimal foramen absent in lateral view, the anterior border of mesopterygoid fossa posi- tioned between the anterior and posterior prisms of M2 and the internal posterior fold of M3 has diverging borders forming an angle less than 90º.
    [Show full text]
  • Paleontology and Stratigraphy of the Aisol Formation (Neogene), San Rafael, Mendoza
    Paleontology and stratigraphy of the Aisol Formation (Neogene), San Rafael, Mendoza Analía M. Forasiepi1, Agustín G. Martinelli1, Marcelo S. de la Fuente1, Sergio Dieguez1, and Mariano Bond2 ABSTRACT A preliminary analysis of the geology and paleontology of the Aisol Formation is presented upon new fieldwork that started in 2007. Three different sections are recognized within the Aisol Formation, with fossil vertebrates in the lower (LS) and middle (MS) sections. The faunal association of the LS includes: Anura indet., two indeterminate species of Chelonoidis (Testudininae), Phorusrhacidae indet., Mylodontidae indet., Planopinae indet., Glyptodontidae indet., Propalaeohoplophorinae indet., Nesodontinae indet., Palyeidodon cf. P. obtusum (Haplodontheriinae), Hegetotherium sp. (Hegetotheriidae), Protypotherium sp. (Interatheriidae), cf. Theosodon (Macraucheniidae), and Prolagostomus or Pliolagostomus (Chinchillidae), suggesting a middle Miocene age (probably Friasian s.s. or Colloncuran SALMAs (South American Land Mammal Age) following the scheme from Patagonia). The vertebrate association of the MS includes: Hesperocynus dolgopolae (Sparassocynidae), Tremacyllus sp., Dolichotinae indet., Abrocomidae indet., and Ctenomyidae indet., suggesting at least a late Miocene age (Huayquerian SALMA). The new discoveries increase considerably the vertebrate fossil record of the Aisol Formation and argue in favour of at least two different levels of dissimilar age; this view is also supported by geological data. Keywords: fossil vertebrates - Geology
    [Show full text]