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Synopsis of Proposals on Botanical Nomenclature Leningrad 1975 Author(S): Frans A Synopsis of Proposals on Botanical Nomenclature Leningrad 1975 Author(s): Frans A. Stafleu and Edward G. Voss Source: Taxon, Vol. 24, No. 1 (Feb., 1975), pp. 201-251 Published by: International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1219048 . Accessed: 13/04/2014 09:42 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Taxon. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 212.238.43.46 on Sun, 13 Apr 2014 09:42:26 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions TAXON 24(I): 201-254. FEBRUARY 1795 SYNOPSIS OF PROPOSALS SYNOPSIS OF PROPOSALS ON BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE LENINGRAD 1975 A review of the proposals concerning the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature submitted to the 12th International Botanical Congress at Lening- rad 1975 by Frans A. Stafleu (Rapporteur-general) and Edward G. Voss (Vice- rapporteur). Contents List of proposals ................ 201 Synopsis of proposals .............. 203 Appendix A: Report on the status of nomina conservanda proposita . 238 Committees Appendix B: Reports of ............ 244 Review of reports ............... 244 G. General Committee (E. Voss) . .. ....244 Committee for Spermatophyta XVIII (R. McVaugh) . 244 Committee for Bryophyta (P. A. Florschiitz) ......... 248 Subcommittee for Family names (G. Buchheim) 249 Appendix C: Proposal received on time, here first published, 152, S. V. Meyen, Palaeobotanical Taxonomy and Nomenclature. ....... 251I List of proposals - Potonie 33 bis Holttum Taxon 20: 382 Taxon 23: 648 - Paclt 34 bis-36 bis Moore Taxon 20: 822 Taxon 23: 65I 10-13 McGillivray 37 Moore Taxon 21: 718 Taxon 23: 65I 14-18 Rauschert 38 Baum Taxon 21: 719-720 Taxon 23: 653 19 Jansonius 39-42 Petersen Taxon 22: 259 Taxon 23: 657 20 Compare 43 Jansonius Taxon 22: 703 Taxon 23: 658 21-22 Nicolson & Brooks 44 Crundwell Taxon 23: 174-175 Taxon 23: 661 23-29 Special Committee 45 Compare (names above rank of family) Taxon 23: 663 Taxon 23: 422 46-48 Greuter 30-32 Nicolson Taxon 23: 665 Taxon 23: 560-56i 49-53 Rauschert 33-35 Hawksworth & Sutton Taxon 23: 669-673 Taxon 23: 565-568 54-55 Komrek 36 Taxon 23 676-677 Weresub, Malloch, & Pirozynski 56-76 Yeo & Comm. Hybrids Taxon 23: 577 Taxon 23: 677-684 FEBRUARY 1975 201 This content downloaded from 212.238.43.46 on Sun, 13 Apr 2014 09:42:26 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions 77a-77c Special Committee 121-126 Greuter (Arts. 69, 70, & 71) Taxon 23: 869-871 Taxon 23: 824-828 127-142 Viczy 77-96 Raven et al. Taxon 23: 872-876 Taxon 23: 828-832 143 Holm 96a Thomas Taxon 23: 876 Taxon 23: 833 144 Tjaden 97-100 Demoulin Taxon 23: 877 Taxon 23: 842 145 Christensen 101-102 Nicolson Taxon 23: 877 Taxon 23: 85o-85i 146 Little 103-106 Brummitt & Chater Taxon 23: 878 Taxon 23: 856-858 147 Goloskokov 107-109 Brummitt, Chater, & Greuter Taxon 23: 878 Taxon 23: 86o-86i 148 Spongberg & Shaw 110o-I2 Brummitt & Meikle Taxon 23: 878 Taxon 23: 864-865 149 Silva 113-117 Brummitt Taxon 23: 878-879 Taxon 23: 865-867 150 Wood & Spongberg 118 Jansonius Taxon 23: 879 Taxon 23: 868 151 Lebeau 119-120 Laundon Taxon 23: 880 Taxon 23: 869 152 Meyen Taxon 24: 259 NOMENCLATURE SESSIONS, LENINGRAD 1975 XII. International Botanical Congress Registration: 28 June 1975, 14.00 - 23.00 hrs. 29 June 1975, o.oo - 23.00 hrs. 30 June 1975, 9.00 - i6.oo hrs. Sessions : 30 June 1975, 0o.oo - i8.oo hrs. I July 1975, 1o.oo - i8.oo hrs. 2 July 1975, 10.00 - 17.oo hrs. 3 July 1975, 10.00 - 12.00 hrs. Location: House of the Scientists, Palace Embankment, Leningrad. 202 TAXON VOLUME 24 This content downloaded from 212.238.43.46 on Sun, 13 Apr 2014 09:42:26 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions INTERNATIONAL CODE OF BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE: PROPOSALS Principle II Prop. A (128 - Viczy, Taxon 23: 872) - Change to read: "The application of names of individual taxonomic groups is determined by means of nomenclatural types, except in specified cases." Comments Rapporteurs: It is true that Art. 16 (even if Prop. A for amending it is accepted) provides for exceptions to the principle of typification, in accord with Art. 7, which restricts typification to names of taxa of the rank of family and below. The proposed slight revision in wording, to parallel that of Princ. IV, could be referred to the Editorial Committee. Principle III Prop. A (128a - Vaiczy, Taxon 23: 872) - Change to read: "The nomenclature of an individual taxonomic group is based upon priority of publication, except in specified cases." Comments Rapporteurs: While there are indeed various limitations on the application of priority, Principle II only states that nomenclature "is based upon" priority - which is true. A need to recognize exceptions is not as obvious here as for the more absolute statements of Principles II and IV. Principle IV Prop. A (io6 - Brummitt & Chater, Taxon 23: 858) - Reword the Principle as follows: "Each taxonomic group with a particular circumscription and rank can, in any one taxonomic situation, bear only one correct name, the earliest that is in accordance with the Rules, except in specified cases." Comments Rapporteurs: This is closely related to Art. I9, Prop. F (q. v.), and is to be considered if that proposal is accepted. New Principle VII Prop. A (33 bis - Holttum, Taxon 23: 648) - Add the following new Principle, with a brief explanatory note: "The Code of Nomenclature is applicable only to taxonomic situations, which are the result of observation of plants followed by taxonomic judgement. No one ought to apply the Code without making independent observation and judgement. "A name given under this Code has only as much value as the taxonomic under- standing of the person who gives it. Early investigators often made erroneous or uncritical observations, and even more often failed to mention important structures; their judgements were sometimes unsatisfactory because of these limitations. When the Code is applied to past judgements, without critical examination of the plants in question, the result can therefore be unnecessary further confusion." Comments Rapporteurs: While the advice is sound (see also paragraph 8 of the Preamble), the matter is hardly a Principle nor is it capable of enforcement: Rules would have to be proposed to render operable any declaration that the Code "is applicable only to taxonomic situations...," an implication that one could ignore work done when not based on "taxonomic judgement." Article 3 - - Prop. A (34 bis Moore, Taxon 23: 65i) Add to the first sentence the ranks of kingdom (regnum) and dominion (dominium) and add the following new Note: FEBRUARY1975 203 This content downloaded from 212.238.43.46 on Sun, 13 Apr 2014 09:42:26 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions "Note 2. There are three dominions: Dominium Virus, Dominium Prokaryota, and Dominium Eukaryota." - Prop. B (93 Raven, Merxmiiller, & Taylor, Taxon 23: 832)- Substitute "phylum (phylum)" for "division (divisio)." Add a new Note 2: "The word division (divisio) in earlier works should be interpreted automatically as meaning phylum (phylum)." Prop. C (118 - Jansonius, Taxon 23: 868) - Amend Note i to read: "Note i. Since the names of species, and consequently of many higher taxa, of fossil plants are usually based on fragmentary specimens, and since the connection between these specimens can only rarely be proved, artificial genera are distinguished as taxa within which species may be recognised and given names according to this Code. "If such artificial genera can be or are assigned to a family, they are called organ- genera (organo-genus). As long as such genera cannot be assigned to a family but are assignable to a taxon of higher rank, they are called form-genera (forma-genus)." Comments Rapporteurs Prop. A. By adding the high rank of "dominion," this proposal provides a flexibility needed by those who wish to adopt certain modern systems of classification of organisms in which such distinctions as those between the Prokaryota and Eukaryota are recognized at a higher taxonomic level than the traditional kingdoms. The use of a supplementary term such as "dominion" is, however, already authorized under Art. 4, and it may be premature formally to introduce a new term not yet in general use. Note 2, which is in the form of a taxonomic judgement, is appropriate only as an example. (The new Bacteriological Code cites "Procaryotae" as an example of a King- dom.) Prop. B. The alteration is designed to bring botanical terminology for the ranks of taxa into accord with zoological usage. The proposal was last considered at the Edinburgh Congress (1964) when it was automatically rejected on a decisive mail vote (20 yet, 148 no). Prop. C. The rewording appears to make clear that both organ-genera and form-genera are artificial and is designed to remove any ambiguity about generic typification being in all instances based on species (as stated in Art. 7, Note 2). The proposal is to be referred to the Committee for Fossil Plants for an opinion. Article 4 - - Prop.
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