STANFORD UNIVERSITYSS

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF JUNE 8, 2015

GI-WOOK SHIN

Balance between Globalization Teaching and Research

Cultural Diversity Practical Academic Tradition

Independent Labs, Academic Excellence Centers, and Institutes

Leadership STANFORD UNIVERSITY

MYTH: STANFORD IS A RESEARCH UNIVERSITY . Balance between Teaching and Research • 7,000 undergraduate and 10,000 graduate students • Core focus is undergraduate education • Difference of mission between private and public universities

Both teaching and research help you develop insight into your field, refine your communication skills, and draw on your ability to select and organize content in a meaningful way

Because they require similar skills, you will find that improvement and advancement in one feeds back into improvement and advancement in the other STANFORD UNIVERSITY . Balance between Education/Leadership-building and Research • The main mission is to educate leaders for America and the global community • Leadership and Commitment are two important criteria for college admission • A system of designating faculty advisors for freshmen • Cutting-edge research environment . Strengthening of fundamental aspects of education such as the Humanities • Small seminars, writing programs, undergraduate research grants, etc., to improve the quality of undergraduate education • “Joint major” in Computer Science and either English or Music • Coterminal program / IDU (ex: IR)

. Mandatory on-campus housing for Freshmen • Theme houses • Residential education

. Sports • Winner of NACDA Directors’ Cup for 20 consecutive years • Supports athletes but provides no preferential treatment

. Practical Academic Tradition • Silicon Valley • A hotbed for industry-academia collaboration (HP, Google, Yahoo, etc.) • Recent Study by two Stanford Professors • The total combined assets of companies founded by Stanford graduates would be equivalent to the 10th largest economy in the Commissioned world Research/ Technical Guidance

Joint Scholarships/ Research Contributions One-third of the post-1990 graduates with engineering degrees who became entrepreneurs have founded startups within 20 miles of Stanford

Enthusiastic support from the school

Ex: Brin and Page, then Stanford students in PhD program, founded Google, using google.stanford.edu as the domain . Faculty Involvement with Corporations and government • Faculty members are allowed to devote 20% of their full-time professorship for outside consulting jobs • Incorporating personal experience in classroom teaching • Contributing to corporate or government policy making • Ex: Former Secretary of State George Shultz and , Former Secretary of Defense William Perry, etc.

. Flexibility, but always in pursuit of excellence • Individuals can design their own major (IDM) • intended for undergraduates interested in studying areas not covered by departmental majors. Each IDM curriculum is designed by the student in consultation with at least two faculty advisors . Consumer-focused curriculum (user-friendly like an iPhone) • Courses on how to start a startup • Design School • Engineering and Management • How about Korean Studies? Academic Excellence

High-quality Tenure System Integrity Faculty

Staff Professional Budget Endowment Development

Ample Funds . Ample funds . Grants, gifts, etc. . Importance of the Development Office . Donor management (ex: Alumni) . Stanford Management Company is a division of the university with oversight by a board of directors appointed by the university board of trustees . Misconception about entrance donation

Board of Trustees

President

Stanford Vice President for Management Development Company CEO Top 10 Fundraising Universities, 2013 (millions of dollars) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Stanford

Harvard

USC

Columbia

Johns Hopkins

Upenn

Cornell

NYU

Yale

Duke . Endowment • $21.4 billion as of 2014 • 7,000+ endowed funds • Chairs, scholarships, programs, etc.

. Budget • Sources of income: 21% from endowment, 18% from sponsored research, 16% from students and tuition, 16% from health care services • Proportion of income from students significantly lower than Japanese Universities

. Selection of high-quality faculty • Most are full time (1-2% part-time) • Regular employment of high-quality senior faculty through “target of opportunities” • Endowing a chair through fundraising in necessary areas

. Tenure System • Academic excellence: only the best in one’s field • Evaluation of outside experts (importance of references) • Fairness in process: a multistep, strict standards process • Committee, department, dean, provost

Presence on Campus

Limitations on Outside Professional Activities

Free and Open Exchange of Research Results

Appropriate Use of University Resources, Including Facilities, Personnel, Equipment, and Information

Disclosure and Ownership of Intellectual Property

Disclosure of Financial Interests in Outside Entities Related to Institutional Responsibilities

. Staff Professional/Personal Development • A variety of training programs (ex: BeWell, courses on leading effective meetings, behavioral interviewing, writing effective emails, crucial conversation)

. Division of roles between the president and provosts • President: Oversees overall vision, strategy, public affairs, development, etc. • Five vice presidents • Provosts: academic leadership

Most of the deans report to a provost Vice President for Business affairs Provost and CFO

Vice President and Vice Provost for Dean, School of Dean, General Counsel Academic Earth Sciences School of Law Affairs

Vice President for Dean, Graduate Dean, Development School of School of Education Medicine

Vice President for Dean, School of Dean, Graduate Humanities & Public Affairs School of Sciences Business

Vice President of Dean, School of Human Resources Engineering . Leadership qualities (president and provosts) • Fundamentally democratic modes of decision-making • Sometimes similar to corporate-style . Long-term appointment of key positions • Current president (the 10th) and provosts in office for more than a decade • Myself in the director position since 2005

Presidents of Stanford University 1891-1913 David S. 1913-1915 John C. Branner 1916-1943 Ray L. Wilbur 1943-1948 Donald B. Tresidder 1949-1968 J.E. 1968-1970 Kenneth S. Pitzer 1970-1980 Richard W. Lyman 1980-1992 1992-2000 Gerhard Casper 2000- John L. Hennessy

. Faculty-centered Decentralization • Great deal of cooperation in research and between departments on and off-campus • Faculty-initiated exchanges with foreign universities • No such concept as university headquarters as in Asian universities • No strings attached to the Ministry of Education (as long as rules are followed for federal grants)

. Research-focused • Humanities, social Science, policy, natural science

. Differentiation from the conventional system • Vice provost and dean of research • Senior fellow positions . Research centers with interdisciplinary focuses . Lots of joint appointments with other departments and inter- departmental collaboration . Hoover Institution . Center for Advanced Study in Behavioral Sciences

. Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies • Research Institute • Focuses on research and policy, unlike the School of International Studies, where the focus is on education . Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center • Research • Policy • Networking • Five Research Programs and one training program • One new initiative

Asia Health Japan Korea Southeast Corporate Policy Program Program Program Asia Program Affiliates Program Program . Korea Program • Differentiated from previous programs with a focus on social sciences and policy • Consumer-focused research and education (ex: U.S.-ROK relations, North Korean issues)

. Various Academic Positions • Senior fellow positions (free standing and joint appointment) • Consulting professors • Senior research scholars • Research fellows

. Separation of Research and Administration • Associate director for research • Associate director for administration

. Self-Financing • Importance of outside funds Endowments

SHORENSTEIN Gifts and APARC Grants STANFORD

Income- generating programs Self-sufficient STANFORD

Dean of Research

FSI

CDDRL CISAC FSE S-APARC Europe Health Center Policy

Director

Associate Director for Associate Director Research for Administration

. Various Academic Positions • Senior fellow positions (free standing and joint appointment) • Consulting professors • Senior research scholars • Research fellows

. Separation of Research and Administration • Associate director for research • Associate director for administration

. Self-Financing • Importance of outside funds Endowments

SHORENSTEIN Gifts and APARC Grants STANFORD

Income- generating programs Self-sufficient

. Cultural Diversity • Diversity is a must criteria when accepting incoming students or hiring faculty members (vs. affirmative action) • Diversity officer: promotes diversity through special employment of faculty or by providing scholarships • Student Demographic Faculty Profile • Faculty Profile

Stanford Undergraduate Financial Aid 2013-2014 Total students enrolled (4qts): 7,018

Total students receiving some form of 5,755 financial assistance from a variety of Zero parent contribution for parents with income internal and external sources, including need-based scholarships, athletic below $65,000 scholarships, outside awards, loans, jobs, research grants, and assistance for other expenses: Tuition charges covered for parents with income Total number of students receiving 4,679 below $125,000 financial aid toward cost of attendance from a variety of internal and external sources: Percent of students receiving some form 82% of financial assistance: Percent of students receiving any form of 67% aid toward cost (other than tuition): Percent of students receiving need- 48% based scholarship from Stanford: Percent of students receiving Pell Grants: 16% America’s Key to Success

America is an Immigrant Country

• Accepts diverse ethnic groups and their cultures • Social receptivity and cultural diversity are not mere slogans but are an important foundation of America • America was able to build nuclear weapons prior to during WWII because it accepted German scientists who escaped to the U.S. from Nazi Germany • 24.3% of American companies were founded by at least one founding member who was foreign-born (and 43.9% of Silicon Valley companies) • Almost half of all Silicon Valley startups are founded by immigrants (approx. 1/3 being Indian immigrants) Global Talent

. Brain Drain . Brain Circulation

. Brain Linkage Global Talent Competitiveness Index

Tolerance Overall Brain Country to Brain Gain Rank Drain immigrants U.S. 4 4 13 5

Canada 5 14 1 7

Australia 9 25 4 12 Mongolia 53 73 70 79 Japan 20 23 43 48

South Korea 29 20 48 22

China 41 24 66 18

Source: INSEAD (2014) Different Types of Social Capital Chinese “Talent” in the World

Number of Chinese Diaspora (Overseas Chinese) in the World: Approx. 60 million Chinese Diaspora in the U.S.: Approx. 2,231,000 persons Chinese Students Studying Abroad: Approx. 694,000 (as of 2012) Chinese Students in the U.S.: Approx. 236,000 (28.4% of total)

Number of New Chinese Students and Visiting Number of New Non-Immigrant Work Visa (H1B) Issued for Scholars Visas Issued (2009-2013) Chinese Workers in Specialty Occupations (2009-2013)

400,000 373,950 26,000 24,957 350,000 24,000 316,123 23,705 23,675 300,000 22,000 264,984 250,000 20,000 210,335 19,493 200,000 18,000 154,200 150,000 16,000

100,000 14,000

12,922 50,000 12,000

0 10,000 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

 Figures include PRC, Hong Kong, and Macau Stay Rates for PhDs in the U.S.

 About two-thirds of the doctorate-earning foreign students stay in the U.S.  66% of foreigners holding temporary visas who earned PhDs in science and engineering at U.S. universities in 2006 were still in the U.S. in 2011

 There Is quite a bit of decline in the 5-year stay rates of Chinese PhDs over the past 10 years; however, it is still the highest among other ethnic groups

Where is This? Chinese-Americans in Silicon Valley Example of U.S.-China Bridges in Silicon Valley

 InnoSpring in Silicon Valley: First US-China technology startup incubator and accelerator, focused on building a bridge of startups and investors between China and the U.S  Founded in 2012 as a joint project between Tsinghua University Science Park (TusPark), Northern Light Venture Capital (NLVC), Shui On Group (Shui On), and Silicon Valley Bank (SVB), as well as investing partners Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, GSR Ventures (金沙江创业投资), Northern Light Venture Capital (北极光创投), China Broadband Capital (宽带资本), and TEEC Angel Fund  Founded by a Chinese-American, Eugene Zhang, who was educated both in China and in the U.S. at Tsinghua University and Syracuse University. Current CEO, Dr. Xiao Wang was educated at both Tsinghua University and Case Western Reserve in the U.S. "As Chinese markets continue to expand, the demand for cross-  Currently valued at about $180 million border start-up incubation has apparently increased. and have access to more than 80 mentors with a range of startup, Our knowledge, resources, and connections in both the US and commercial, financial and academic China have provided a quality service for US and Chinese start- experience ups as they expand beyond their home countries.“ --Eugene Zhang -U.S. bridges in Silicon Valley

 Indian Software Engineers in High Demand

 Silicon Valley Indian Professionals Association (SIPA)  Reaches over 5,000 professionals across industries  Facilitates information exchange, cooperation and mentorship

 Indus Entrepreneurs (TiE)  Global organization founded in 1992, with 61 chapters in 18 countries  Known as networking forum for South Asian business community, entrepreneurs and tech industry  TiE Silicon Valley hosts events such as My Story and annual TiEcon

 National Association of Software and Services Company (NASSCOM)  Trade association of Indian information technology and business services organizations  Includes companies from the U.S., China, Japan, U.K. and Europe  In 2014, organized visit of more than 25 Indian start-ups to Silicon Valley Mongolian Case

 Ethnically Homogeneous Country  Total Adult Literacy Rate: 98%  Primary School Net Enrollment Rate: 99%  Remarkable growth in higher education  Rapid expansion in the private sector  During 2000-2006, the total number of enrollment in Higher Education Institutions increased by 62% from 84,985 to 138,019  Master Plan to Develop Education of Mongolia in 2006-2015  Increasing number of students studying abroad

Emerging Youth Leaders-Mongolian Students & Teachers Visit the U.S. Department of State Mongolian Diaspora

Total Population (2010) 107,140 Regions with significant populations China 5,800,000

South 29,920 Korea U.S. 18,344

Czech 7,515 (2007) Republic United 7,000 (2009) Kingdom

Canada 5,355 (2011)

Japan 4,774 (2011)

 107,140 Mongolian nationals living abroad for more than six months (2010 census)  5.8 million ethnic Mongolians in China, who mainly reside in the province of Inner Mongolia (2010)  As of 2009, South Korea had the largest population of Mongolian citizens (30,674) abroad  As of 2013, approx. 1,300 Mongolian students studying in the U.S. and approx. 4,000 in Korea (4.5% of the total foreign students in Korea)

Mongolia-U.S. Relations

 Diplomatic relations since 1987  Trade Agreement signed in 1991; bilateral investment treaty in 1994  3,699 Mongolian immigrants in the U.S. in 2000, 18,344 in 2010  The San Francisco Bay Area (Silicon Valley) is home to the largest group of Mongolian immigrants (approx. 3,000 people)  As of 2010, 42 H1B visa (skilled or professional workers)holders

 As of 2013, 1,361 Mongolian international students Mongolian Immigrants in the U.S. studying in the U.S. Number of Non-Immigrant Work Visa (H1B) Issued for Mongolian Workers in Specialty Occupations 20,000

18,000 45 40 16,000 35 14,000 30 12,000 25 10,000 20 8,000

15 6,000

10 4,000

5 2,000

0 0 2000 2010 Mongolia-Korea Relations

 Diplomatic relations with the Republic of Korea Mongolian International Students since 1990 6000

4958 4952

 As of 2013, 24,175 registered (long-term) Mongolians 5000 4405 reside in Korea, including 3691  15 professors 4000

2747 U.S.  30 researchers 3000

 approx. 4,400 non-professional workers, Korea  Approx. 1,300 marriage immigrants, and 2000 1193

812 678 648 635 621  approx. 4,000 students 1000 553

0  The Impact of Korean Wave 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012  As of 2014, 2,948 registered Koreans reside in Mongolia (40 Korean students at National University of Mongolia as of 2010)

Quiz on Korea, UBS Global Channel

Approx. 4,000 Mongolian students are studying Korean language at Mongolian universities Interest in Korean Cultural Products

“I first learned about Korea by watching Korean dramas, which have been popular in Mongolia since about 2000. . . . Having watched Dae Jang Geum and other Korean dramas as well as listening to hallyu music, I developed a favorable impression of Korea.” -A student from Mongolia

42 Desire to Bridge

“ I want to stay in Korea for two, three, or four years. . . . I want to work at a large Korean company . . . especially one that does business with Mongolia. Korea has capital and expertise while we [Mongolians] have natural resources and talented individuals. So, I want to connect Korea and Mongolia economically, using the things I learned in college . . . I want Korea to benefit and Mongolia to benefit. Already, there are some Korean companies in Mongolia, and in the future, there will be much more Korean investment in Mongolia. I want to find opportunities as someone educated in Korea.” - A student from Mongolia Can we emulate Silicon Valley?

 Cultural Diversity:  Diversity and Innovation  Immigrants: Chinese and Indian Engineers

 Higher Education  Stanford University  University-Industry Collaboration

 Transnational Bridging  Potential for Mongolia  Social Networking Thank you!