Fall 2008 Nearctic Regional Section IOBC-NRS N EWSLETTER
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International Organization for Biological Volume 30, Number 3 Control of Noxious Animals and Plants. Fall 2008 Nearctic Regional Section IOBC-NRS N EWSLETTER INSIDE THIS ISSUE: Finding Lost Ladybeetles From the President 2 Three previously common species of native lady beetles ( Coccinella transversoguttata richard- Olive fly BC update 2 soni , C. novemnotata , and Adalia bipunctata ) were re-discovered this past summer from non- agricultural habitats in southwestern South Dakota and the Nebraska panhandle. Thirty-four of these 3 rare lady beetles were among roughly one thousand lady beetles found this summer in South Dakota Risk communication and Nebraska during initial surveys conducted specifically for the Lost Ladybug Project and BC (www.lostladybug.org). These native lady beetles were once abundant and widespread throughout North America, but their abundance has declined precipitously over the last few decades. For in- Entomophagous insects 3 stance, C. novemnotata had not been recorded from South Dakota since 1977, and only a small conference number of A. bipunctata and C. transversoguttata have been collected in eastern South Dakota since 1988. Coccinella transversoguttata, C. novemnotata , and Adalia bipunctata are known respectively Announcements 4 as transverse, ninespotted, and twospotted lady beetles. The goals of the NSF-funded Lost Ladybug Project are to engage researchers and citizen scientists in Research briefs 5 surveys for extant populations of the three lady beetle spe- cies and to study causes of the lady beetles’ decline. The project’s principal investigators are John Losey and Leslie Allee (Cornell University), Michael Catangui (South Dakota Governing Board State University), John Pickering (University of Georgia), and Louis Hesler (USDA-ARS). The project was initially based in President South Dakota and New York, but project outreach will ex- Marshall Johnson tend nationally in 2009. Citizen scientists from across the UC-Riverside continent are encouraged to submit digital photographs of any lady beetle via the project’s website, and they have President-Elect already submitted photos documenting additional finds of Les Shipp C. transversoguttata from various western states. Agri-Food Canada Louis Hesler John Losey Past President USDA-ARS Cornell University Robert Wiedenmann Brookings, SD Ithaca, NY Univ. of Arkansas Michael Catangui Vice President SD State University Coccinella novemnotata , rediscovered in eastern SD. James Hagler Brookings, SD USDA-ARS, Arizona Secretary/Treasurer Stefan Jaronski 2008 IOBC-NRS Election Results USDA-ARS, Montana The results of the 2008 IOBC-NRS Members-At-Large. The remain- ballots were received for this elec- Corresponding Secretary Governing Board elections are in, ing unopposed candidates, tion, a clear indication of the inter- Jonathan Lundgren and the face of the IOBC-NRS will Jonathan Lundgren est of our members, and the high USDA-ARS, South Da- change in 2009. Doug Landis was (Corresponding Secretary), quality of all of the candidates. kota elected as the President-Elect. Ray Stefan Jaronski Thanks to those who ran, and for Carruthers, Mark Hoddle, and Janet (Secretary/Treasurer), and those who were elected to serve in Board Members-At-Large Knodel were elected to the be James Hagler (Vice President) the coming 2-year cycle. James Harwood will remain in their positions for Univ. Kentucky another 2-year term. In 2009, Marshall Johnson will shift to Ruth Hufbauer Past President, and Les Shipp Colorado State Univ. will become the President of IOBC-NRS. A large number of Bill Overholt Univ. Florida Doug Landis Janet Knodel Mark Hoddle Ray Carruthers Page 2 Volume 30, Number 3 M E S SA G E F R O M T H E P RESIDENT : Increasing Visibility to Strengthen IOBCIOBC----NRSNRS Soon the leadership of IOBC-NRS will change hands again as it does every two years. We have successfully stopped the decline in membership that we have seen in past years. However, more work is needed to recruit members from the large group of scientists, practitioners, insectary work- ers, regulators, instructors, and students who claim an avid interest in biological control. One fertile source in the USA includes the members of the CSREES regional committees (e.g., W2185, NCERA 125, S1024, S1034, NE1032, and WERA 043) that focus on biological control of arthropods and weeds. Given that all of these groups probably have at least one IOBC member, it may be produc- tive to send literature to the annual meetings of these committees. Ideally, we should send an IOBC representative to present a 5 minute report to these groups on the annual activities sup- ported by our section and IOBC Global. One area we should improve is our IOBC-NRS website. We are currently taking steps to do this, and my successor, Les Shipp, incoming IOBC-NRS President for 2009-2010, is supportive of these efforts. A recent decision by our Governing Board provided a mechanism by which the section can provide monetary support to individuals who wish to organize and present short courses on highly specialized topics in biological control. This action will help make IOBC-NRS a more visible entity in our field. I am sure that there are several more ways that we can increase our visibility, and the incoming leaders of our section can implement these. Changes to the Lastly, I would like to thank all members of the Governing Board and other volunteers for their time and efforts that they contributed to IOBC-NRS functions and activities. Special thanks go to: IOBC Governing Jon Lundgren, Corresponding Secretary, for overseeing production and distribution of the newslet- Board ter; Stefan Jaronski, Secretary / Treasurer, for managing our fiscal account and maintaining sec- tion records; James Hagler, for coordinating this year’s symposium and mixer scheduled for our 2008 meeting in Reno, NV; and Les Shipp for overseeing the selection process for IOBC out- standing graduate students for 2007 and 2008. Special thanks to Past-President Rob Wieden- mann for service to the section, advice, and assistance. It has been a privilege to serve the section and a rewarding experience to work with some of the world’s leading authorities in the field of bio- logical control. I wish the best for Les Shipp and will happily support his efforts to lead the section during his term. Marshall W. Johnson University of California Riverside, CA Domesticated Olives Reduce Parasitoid Efficiency Olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae Pickett) and USDA Agricultural Research thicknesses of fruit pulp of medium ripe (Rossi), was discovered in California in the Service (Kim Hoelmer, Allen Kirk) to iden- domesticated European olives typically late 1990’s. Since that time it has spread tify, import, and introduce parasitoids for cured as table olives was 3.06 ± 0.06 to most of the agricultural and urban ar- olive fruit fly suppression. Historically, mm (Mission variety) to 5.92 ± 0.04 mm eas where olives grow. Although adults of there has never been a “silver bullet” (Sevillano variety). Further research this tephritid fruit fly are commonly found natural enemy of olive fruit fly that is showed that for P. lounsburyi and P. con- outside of olive orchards, the larvae can highly effective across the geographical color parasitism rates were reduced on only feed and develop within olive fruit. range of the pest. Over 90 years ago, H. larger fruit infested with olive fruit fly lar- Olive fruit vary dramatically in size (based Latiere suggested that African parasitoids vae in comparison to smaller infested on variety) with larger fruit frequently that normally parasitize olive fruit fly lar- olive fruit. used for consumption (i.e., table olives) vae in thin-fleshed, wild African olives Marshall Johnson and smaller fruit often pressed for oil . would be ineffective against fly larvae in University of California Processors enforce a near-zero olive fruit fleshier domesticated European olives Riverside, CA fly infestation threshold for table olives, because they possessed short oviposi- whereas olives destined for pressing may tors. Data recently collected by Xingeng be heavily infested ( ≥ 30%). Presently, Wang (UC Riverside) and colleagues indi- growers in some areas (Sacramento Val- cate that Latiere was correct. Measure- ley, coastal areas) must treat weekly with ments of the ovipositors of five braconid insecticide baits to manage the pest. Ef- species Utetes africanus , Bracon celer , forts were initiated by researchers at the Psyttalia lounsburyi , P. ponerophaga , and University of California campuses of P. concolor , showed a mean range in Berkeley (Kent Daane) and Riverside length from 0.94 ± 0.01 ( U. africanus ) to (Marshall Johnson) in collaboration with 2.88 ± 0.10 mm ( P. concolor ). The thick- those affiliated with the California Depart- ness of fruit pulp for wild African olives ment of Food and Agriculture (Charles was 1.61± 0.06 mm. In contrast, the Psyttalia concolor , a parasitoid of olive fly. IOBC-NRS Newsletter Page 3 Can Risk Communication be Improved during the Importation of Biological Control Agents ? The potentially irreversible non-target im- method (Dillman, 2000). pacts that might result from the introduc- Five hundred stakeholders in biological tion of entomophagous Biological Control control, including: federal and state employ- Agents (BCAs) are currently at the center of ees, academic researchers, field practitioners, increasingly stringent import regulatory conservationists and, BCA producers were requirements. One of the prospective ways surveyed.