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About Argonne National Laboratory Argonne is a U.S. Department of Energy laboratory managed by UChicago Argonne, LLC under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. The Laboratory’s main facility is outside Chicago, at 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439. For information about Argonne and its pioneering science and technology programs, see www.anl.gov. DOCUMENT AVAILABILITY Online Access: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) reports produced after 1991 and a growing number of pre-1991 documents are available free via DOE’s SciTech Connect (http://www.osti.gov/scitech/) Reports not in digital format may be purchased by the public from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS): U.S. Department of Commerce National Technical Information Service 5301 Shawnee Rd Alexandra, VA 22312 www.ntis.gov Phone: (800) 553-NTIS (6847) or (703) 605-6000 Fax: (703) 605-6900 Email: [email protected] Reports not in digital format are available to DOE and DOE contractors from the Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI): U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information P.O. Box 62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-0062 www.osti.gov Phone: (865) 576-8401 Fax: (865) 576-5728 Email: [email protected] Disclaimer This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor UChicago Argonne, LLC, nor any of their employees or officers, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of document authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof, Argonne National Laboratory, or UChicago Argonne, LLC. Electricity Transmission, Pipelines, and National Trails March 25, 2014 Contents Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................ v Definitions .......................................................................................................................................... vi Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................ vii 1. Background and Introduction .................................................................................................. 1 2. Scenic Resources and Visually Sensitive Areas ........................................................................ 5 3. The National Trails System ....................................................................................................... 9 4. Methods ................................................................................................................................... 19 4.1 Federal Land ............................................................................................................................. 19 4.2 Existing and Planned Electrical Transmission and Pipeline Infrastructure .............................. 22 4.3 National Trails System .............................................................................................................. 22 4.4 Proximity Assumptions ............................................................................................................ 24 4.5 Electronic Products .................................................................................................................. 25 5. Results ...................................................................................................................................... 27 5.1 Federal Land Jurisdictions ........................................................................................................ 28 5.2 Existing and Planned Electrical Transmission and Pipeline Infrastructure .............................. 32 5.3 National Historic and Scenic Trails ........................................................................................... 40 6. Conclusions .............................................................................................................................. 59 7. Recommendations – A Path Forward ...................................................................................... 61 8. References ................................................................................................................................ 63 Appendix A: Supplemental Electronic Files ....................................................................................... A-1 A.1 Installing ArcReader and Navigating the Database ................................................................ A-1 A.2 Keyhole Markup Language File and Google Earth .................................................................. A-3 Appendix B: Map Atlas ....................................................................................................................... B-1 i Electricity Transmission, Pipelines, and National Trails March 25, 2014 List of Figures ES.1 Contiguous Section 368(b) States with Federal Land, Proposed Electrical Transmission Lines and Pipelines, National Trails, and Potential Transmission Line and Pipeline Intersections with National Trails ............................................................................................ ix ES.2 Alaska and Hawaii with Federal Land, Proposed Electrical Transmission Lines and Pipelines, and National Trails ................................................................................................... x 2.1 Major High-voltage Electrical Transmission Tower Types ....................................................... 7 2.2 Example of a Cleared Electrical Transmission ROW ................................................................. 8 3.1 National Trails System in the Section 368(b) States ................................................................ 12 4.1 Locations Where Overlaps Exist in the 2013 BLM Surface Management Agency Data ........... 20 4.2 Example of USFS Land in East Central Michigan Showing Change in Ownership Representation Between Prior BLM Surface Management Agency Data and BLM 2013 Surface Management Agency Data .......................................................................................... 21 4.3 Shared Route of the Appalachian National Scenic Trail (NST) and Potomac Heritage NST in Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia, and Virginia .......................................................... 23 4.4 Shared Routes of the California National Historic Trail (NHT), Oregon NHT, Mormon Pioneer NHT, and Pony Express NHT in Kansas and Nebraska ................................................ 24 5.1 Locations of Regions Used in the Study ................................................................................... 27 5.2 Federal Land in the Section 368(b) States ............................................................................... 29 5.3 Existing High-Voltage Electrical Transmission Lines in the Section 368(b) States ................... 34 5.4 Planned High-Voltage Electrical Transmission Lines in the Contiguous Section 368(b) States ........................................................................................................................................ 35 5.5 Existing Natural Gas, Crude Oil, and Refined Products Pipelines 8 Inches in Diameter or Greater in the Section 368(b) States ........................................................................................ 36 5.6 Planned Natural Gas, Crude Oil, and Refined Products Pipelines of 8 Inches in Diameter or Greater in the Section 368(b) States ........................................................................................ 37 5.7 Intersection of the Appalachian National Scenic Trail by a Planned Electrical Transmission Line within the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area ..................................................... 43 ii Electricity Transmission, Pipelines, and National Trails March 25, 2014 5.8 Intersections of the Trail of Tears National Historic Trail by Planned Electrical Transmission Lines within Ozark National Forest and Dardanelle Lake, in Arkansas ............................................. 44 5.9 Intersection of the Captain John Smith Chesapeake National Historic Trail by a Planned Electrical Transmission Line within Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge, in Maryland ........................ 45 5.10 Intersection of the Captain John Smith Chesapeake National Historic Trail by a Planned Electrical Transmission Line within Naval Station Solomons Complex, in Maryland .............................. 46 5.11 Intersection of the Potomac Heritage National Scenic Trail by a Planned Electrical Transmission Line within Harpers Ferry National Historical Park, in Virginia and Maryland ........................ 47 5.12 Intersection of the Appalachian National Scenic Trail by a Planned Electrical Transmission Line within White Mountain National Forest, in New Hampshire .................................................. 48 5.13 Intersection of the Louis and Clark National Historic
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