1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1997 tiP"ate said evils and report to Congress-to the Select Commit­ in the present circumstances of our country, you will not disap­ te~ on Immigration and Naturalization. prove of my determination to retire. By Mr. VINCENT A. TAYLOR: Petition of the First Con­ The impressions with which I first undertook the arduous gregational Sabbath School of Akron, Ohio, 500 strong, against trust were explained on the proper occasion. In the discharge the opening of the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ of this trust I will only say that I have, with good intentions, con­ mittee on the Columbian Exposition. tributed toward the organization and daministration of the Gov­ By Mr. TOWNSEND: Memorial of the General Assembly of ernment the best exertions of which a very fallible judgment the State of Colorado, in favor of an amendment to the Consti­ was capable. Not unconscious in the outset of the inferiority of tution of the United States, providing for the election of United my qualifications, experience in my own eyes, perhaps still more States Senators by the people-to the Select Committee on Elec­ in the eyes of others, has strengthened the motives to diffidence tion of President and Vice-President and RBpresentatives in of myself; and every flay the increasing weight of years aimon­ Congress. ishes me more and more that the shade of retirement is as neces­ · By Mr. VAN HORN: Resolution of the New York Board of essary to me as it will· be welcome. Satisfied that if any cir­ Fire Underwriters, favoring the repeal of the Sherman act of cumstances have given any peculiar value to my services they 1890~to the Committee on Banking and Currency. were temporary, I have th~ consolation to believe that, while By Mr. WILSON of Washington: Four petitions of Mountain choice and prudence invite me to quit the political scene, patriot­ View Grange, as follows: One relative to gambling in fal'm ism does not forbid it. products, the second relative to pure lard, the third relative to In looking forward to the moment which is to terminata the silk culture, and the fourth relative to pure food-to the Com­ career of my political life, my feelings do not permit me to sus­ mittee on Agriculture. pend the deep acknowledgment of that debt of gratitude which Also, petition of Mountain View Grange, relative to the free I owe to my bslovej country for the many honors it has conferred delivery of rural mail-to the Committee on the Post-Office and upon me; still more for the steadfast confidence with which it Post-Roads. has supported me, and for the opportunities I have thence en­ Also, .memorial of the members of the Methodist Episcopal joyed of manifesting my inviolable attachment by services faith­ Church of Seattle, Wash., relative to the importation of Japa­ ful and pe.rsevering, though in usefulness unequaled to my zeal. nese girls into this country for immoral purposes-to the Sel-: ct If benefits have resulted to our country from these services, let Committee on Immigration and. Naturalization. it always be remembered to your praise, and as an instructive example in our annals, that under circumstances in which the passions, agitated in every direction, were liable to mislead­ amid appearances sometimes dubious-vicissitudes of fortune SENATE. often discouraging-in situations in which not unfrequently want of sucsess has countenanced the spirit of criticism-,the con­ WEDNESDAY, Februat·y 22, 1893. stancy of your support was the essential prop of the efforts and The Senate met at 12 o'clock m. a guaranty of the plans by which they were effected. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. J. G. BUTLER, D. D. Profoundly penetrated with this idea, I shall carry it with me The VICE-PRESIDENT being absent, the President p1·o tempore to my grave as a strong incitement to unceasing wishes that took the chair. Heaven may continue to you the choicest tokens of its benefi­ The Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read and approved. cence-that your union and brotherly affection may be perpet­ READING OF WASHINGTON'S FAREWELL ADDRESS. ual-that the free Oonstitution which is the work of your hands may be saCl·edly maintained-that Hs administration·in every The PRESIDENT pro temp01·e. The Chair will have read a department may be stamped with wisdom and virtue-that, in resolution of the Senate heretofore adopted. fine, the happiness of the people of these States, under the au­ The CHIEF CLERK read as follows: spices of liberty, may be made complete by so careful a preser­ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES, February 15, 1893. vation and so prudent a use of this blessing as will acquire to Resolved, That on the 22d day of February, current, the anniversary of the them the glory of recommending it to the applause, the affection, birthday o! George Washingt,on, the Senate shall meet at 12 o'clock at noon, and adoption of every nation which is yet a stranger to it. - and after the re2.diug of the Journal, shall listen to the rcadingof Washing­ Here, perhaps, I ought to stop. But a solicitude for your wel­ ton's farewell address by the Senator from Nebraska, President p1·o tempore ot the Senate. fare which can not end but with my life, and the apprehension Attest: of danger natural to that solicitude, urge me, on an occasion like ANSON G. McCOOK, Secretary. the present, to offer to your solemn contemplation, and to recom­ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. In obedience to the order of mend to your frequent review, some sentiments which are the the Senate, the Chair will read the farewell address of George result of much reflection, of no inconsiderable observation, and Washington.· which appaar to me all-important to the permanency of your FRIENDS AND FELLOW-CITIZENS: The period for a new elec­ felicity as a people. Thesa will be offered to you with the more tion of a citizen to administer the executive government of the freedom, as you can only see in them the disinterested warnings United States being not far distant, and the time actually ar­ of a parting friend, who can possibly have no personal motive to rived when your thoughts must be employed in designating the bias his counsel. Nor can I forget, as an encouragement to it, person who is to be clothed with that important trust, it appears your indulgent recept.ion of my sentiments on a former and not to me proper, especially as it may conduce to a more distinct dissimilar occasion. expression of the public voice, that I should now apprise you of Interwoven as is the love of liber~y with every ligament of our the resolution I have formed, to decline being considered among hearts, no recommendation of mine is necessary to fortify or con­ the number of th03e out of whom the choice is to be made. firm the attachment. I beg you, at the same time, to do me the justice to be assured The unity of government which constitutes you one people is that this resolution has not been taken without a strict regard to also now dear to you. It is justly so, for it is a main pillar in all the considerations appertaining to the relation which binds the edifice of your real independence, the support of your tran­ a dutiful citizen to his country; and that, in withdrawing the quility at home, your peace abroad, of your safety, of your pros­ tend-::l r of service, which silence in my situation might imply, I peeity, of that very liberty which you so highly prize. But as am influenced by no diminution of zeal for your future interest, it is easy to foresee that from different causes and from differ­ no deficiency of respect for your past kindness, but am supported ent quarters much pains will be taken, many artifices employed by a full conviction that the step is compatible with both. to weaken in your minds the conviction of this truth-us this is The acceptance of and continuance hitherto in the office to the point in your political fortress against which the batteries which your suffrages have twice called me have been a uniform of internal and external enemies will be most constantly and ac­ sacrifice of inclination to the opinion of duty and to a deference for tively (though often covertly and insidiously) directed-it is of what appeared to be your desire. I constantly hoped that it infinite moment that you should estimate the immense value of would have been much earlier in my power, consistently with your national union to your collective and individual happiness; motives which I was not at liberty to disregard, to return to that you should cherish a cordial, hsbitual, and immovable at­ that retirement from which I had been reluctantly drawn. The tachment to it; accustoming yourselves to think and to speak of strength of my inclination to do this, previous to the last elec­ it as a palladium of your political safety and prosperity; watch­ tion, had even led to the preparation of an address to declareitto ing for its preservation with jealous anxiety; discountenancing you; but mature reflection on the then perplexed and critical whatever may suggest even a suspicion that it can in any event posture of affairs with foraign nations, and the unanimous ad vice be abandoned; and indignantly frowning upon the first dawning of persons entitled to my confidence, impelled me to abandon the of every attempt to alienate any portion of our country from the jdea. I rejoice that the state of your concerns, external as well rest, or to enfeeble the sa~red ties which now link together the as internal, no longer renders the pursuit of inclination incom- various parts. patible with the sentiment of duty or propriety; and am per­ For this you have every inducement of svmpathy and interest. sua-led whateverpartiality may be retained for my services, that Citizens by birth or choice of a common country, that country --

1998 CONGRESSIONAL 'RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 22, has n. right to concentrate your affections. The name of Amer­ the Executive, and in the unanimous ratification by the Senate, ican, which belongs to you in your national capacity, must al­ of the treaty with Spain, and in the universal satisfaction at that ways exalt the just pride of patriotism more than any appella­ event throughout the United States, a decisive proof how un­ tion derived from local discriminations. With slight shades of founded were the suspicions propagated among them of a policy in difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and po­ the General Government and in the Atlantic States unfriendly to litical principles. You have, in a common cause, fought and tri­ their interests in regard to the Mississippi. They have been umphed together. The independence and liberty you possess witnesses to the formation of two treaties-that with Great are the work of joint councils and joint efforts, of common dan­ Britain and that with Spain-which secure to them everything gers, sufferings, and success. they could desire, in respect to our foreign relations, toward con­ But these considerations, however powerfully they address firming their prosperity. Will it not be their wisdom to rely themselves to your sensibility, are greatly outweighed by those for the preservation of these advantages on the Union by which which apply more immediately to your interest. Here, every ·they were procured? Will they not henceforth be deaf to those portion of our country finds the most commanding motives for advisers, if such they are, who would sever them from their carefully guarding and preserving the union of the whole. brethren and connect them with aliens? The North, in an unrestrained intercourse with the South, To the efficacy and permanency of your Union, a government protected by the equal laws of a common government, finds in for the whole is indispensable. No alliances, however strict, be­ the productions of the latter greatadditional resources of mari­ tween the parts can be an adequate substitute. They must in­ time and commercial enterprise and precious materials of man­ evitably experience the infractions and interruptions which al­ ufacturing industry. Tbe South, in the same intercourse, benE}­ liancesinall times have experienced. Sensible of this momentous fiting by the same agency of the North, sees its agriculture truth, you have improved upon your first essay by the adoption grow, and its commerce expand. Turning partly into its own of a constitution of government better calculated than your channels the seamen of the North, it finds its particular navi­ former for an intimate union and for the efficacious management gation invigorated, and while it contributes in different ways of your common concerns. This Government, the offspring of to nourish and increase the general mass of the national navi­ your own choice, uninfluenced and unawed, adopted upon full gation, it looks forward to the protectionofamaritime strength investigation and mature deliberation, completely free in its to which itself is unequally adapted. principles, in the distribution of its powers, uniting security Tbe East, in like intercourse with the West, in the progres­ with energy, and containing within itself provisions for its own sive improvement of interior communications by land and water, amendm~nt, has a just claim td your confidence and your sup­ will more and more find a valuable vent for the commodities port. whichitbringsfromabroadormanufactures athome. The West Respect for its authority, compliance with its laws, acquies­ derives from the East supplies requisite to its growth and com­ cence in its measures, are duties enjoined by the fundamental fort· and what is perhaps of still greater consequence, it must maxims of true liberty. The basis of our political system is the of necessity owe the secure enjoyment of the indispensable out­ right of the people to make and alter their constitutions of gov­ lets for its own productions to the weight, influence, and future ernment. But the constitution which at any time exists, until maritime strength of the Atlantic side of the Union, directed by changed by an explicit and authentic act of the whole people, is an indissoluble community of interests, as one nation. -Any sacredly obligatory upon all. The very idea of the power and other tenure by which the West can hold this essential advan­ the righ.t of the people to establish government presupposes the tage, whether derived from its own separate strength orfrom an duty of every individual to obey the ~stablished government. apostate and unnatural connection with any foreign power, must All obstructions to the execution of the laws, all combinations be intrinsically precarious. and associations, under whatever plausible character, with the While, then, every part of our country thus feels an immediate real design to direct; control, count~ract, or awe the regular and particular interest in union, all the parts combined can not deliberations and actions of the constituted authorities are O.e­ fail to find in the united mass of means and efforts greater strength, structive of this fundamental principle, and of fatal tendency. greater resource, proportionately greater security from external They serve to organize fa,ctions; to give it an artificial and ex­ danger, a less frequent interruption of their peace by foreign tra{)rdinary force; to put in the place of the delegated will of nations, and, what is of inestimable value, they must derive from the nation the will of party, often a small but artful and enter­ union an exemption from those broils and wars between them­ prising minority of the community; and according to the alter­ selves which so frequently a:ffiict neighboring countries not tied nate triumphs of different parties, to make the public adminis­ together by the same government, which their own rivalships tration the mirror of the ill-concerted and incongruous projects alone would be sufficient to produce, but which opposite foreign of faction, rather than the organ of consistent and wholesome alliances, attachments, and intrigues would stimulate and em­ plans digested by common councils and modified by mutual in­ bitter. Hence, likewise, they will avoid the necessity of those terests. overgrown military establishments which, under any form of However combinations or associations of the above description government, are inauspicious to liberty, and which are to be re­ may now and then answer popular ends, they are likely in the garded as particularly hostile to republican liberty. In this course of time and things to become potent engines by which sense it is that your union ought to be considered as a main prop cunning, ambitious, and unprincipled men will be enabled to of your liberty, and that the love of the one ought to endear to subvert the power of the people, and to usurp for themselves the yoa the preservation of the other. reins of government, destroying afterward the very engines These considerations speak a persuasive language to every re­ which have lifted them to unjust dominion. flecting and virtuous mind, and exhibit the continuance of the Toward the preservation of your Government, and the perma­ Union as a primary object of patriotic desire. Is there a doubt nency of your present happy state, it is requisite not only that whether a common government can embrace so larg-e a sphere? you steadily discountenance irregularopposition to its acknowl­ Let experience solve it. To listen to a mere speculation in such edged authority, but also that you resist with care the spirit of a case were criminal. We are authorized to hope that a proper innovation upon its principles, however specious the pretext. organization of the whole with the auxiliary of governmentsfor One method of assault may be to effect in the forms of the Con­ the respective subdivisions will afford a happy issue of the ex­ stitution alterations which will impair the energy of the system, periment. It is well worth a fair and full experiment. With and thus to undermine what can not be directly overthrown. such powerful and obvious motives to union, affecting all parts In all the changes to which you may be invited, remember of our country, while experience shall not have demonstrated its that time ·and habit are at least as necessary to fix the true char­ impracticability, there will always be reason to distrust the pa­ acter of governments as of other human institutions; that ex­ triotism of those who in any quarter may endeavor to weaken its perience is the surest standard by which to test the real ten­ bands. dency of the existing constitutions of a country; that facility in In contemplating the causes which may disturb our union, it changes upon the credit of mere hypothesis and opinion exposes occurs as matter of serious concern that any ground should to perpetual change, from the endless variety of hypothesis and have been farnished for characterizing parties by geographical opinion; and remember especially, that for the efficient manage­ discriminations-Northern and Southern, Atlantic and Western; ment of your common interests, in a country so extensive as ours, whence designing men may endeavor to excite a belief that there a government of as much vigor as is consistent with the perfect is a real difference of local interests and views. One of the ex­ security of liberty is indispensable. Liberty itself will find in pedients of party to acquire influence within particular districts such a government, with powers properly distributed and ad­ is to misrepresent the opinions and aims of other districts. You justed, its surest guardian. It is, indeed, little else than a name, can not shield yourselves too much against the jealousies and where the government is too feeble to withstand the enterprises heartburnings which spring from these misrepresentations. of faction, to confine each member of society within the limits They tend to render alien to each other those who ought to be prescribed by the laws, and to maintain all in the secure and tran- bound together by fraternal affection. quil enjoyment of the rights of person anu property. - ·The inhabitants of our western country have lately had a use­ I have already intimated to you the danger of parties in the ful lesson on this head. They have seen in the negotiation by state, with particular reference to the founding of them upd'n 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1999 geo~raphical discriminations. Let me now take a more com pre~ It is substantially true that virtue or morality is a necessary hensive view, and warn you in the most solemn manner against spring of popular government. The rule, indeed, extends with the baneful effects of the spirit of party generally. more or less force to every species of free government. Who This spirit, unfortunately, is inseparable from our nature, hav­ that is a sincere friend to it can look with indifference upon ing its root in the strongest passions of the human mind. It ex­ attempts·to shake the foundation of the fabric? Promote, then, ists under different shapes in all governments, more or less stifled, as an object of primar~importance, institutions for the general controlled, or repressed; but in those of the popular form, it is diffusion of knowledge. In proportion as the structure of a gov­ seen in its greatest rankness, and is truly their worst enemy. ernment gives force to public opinion, it is essential that public The alternate domination of one faction over another, sharp­ opinion should be enlightened. ened by the spir it of revenge natural to party dissension, which As a very important source of strength and security, cherish in different ages and countries has perpetrated the most horrid public credit. One method of preserving it is to use it as spar­ enormities, is itself a frightful despotism. But this leads at ingly as possible, aY.{>iding occasions of expense by cultivating length to a more formal and permanent despotism. The disor­ peace, but remembering, also, that timely disbursements to pre­ ders and miseries which result, gradually incline the minds of pare for danger frequently prevent much greater disbursements men to seek security and repose in the absolute power of an in­ to repel it; avoiding likewise the accumulation of debt, not only by dividual; and sooner or later, the chief of some prevailing fac­ shnuning occasions of expense, but by vigorous exertions in time tion, more able or more fortunat9 than his competitors, turns of peacetodischargethe debts which unavoidable wars have occa­ this disposition to the purposes of his ownelevationon the ruins sioned, not ungenerously throwing upon posterity the burden of the public liberty. which we ourselves ought to bear. The execution of these Without looking forward to an extremity of this kind, which maxims belongs to your representatives; but it is necessary that nevertheless ought no~ to be entirely out of sight, the common public opinion should cooperate. and continual mischiefs of the spirit of party are sufficient to To facilitate to them the performance of their duty, it is es­ make it the interest and dutvof awise people to discourage and sential yoJ should practically bear in mind that toward the pay­ restrain it. ment of debts there must be revenue; that to have revenue there It serves always to distract the public councils and enfeeble must be taxes; that no taxes can be de vised which are not more or the public administration. It agitates the community with ill­ less inconvenient and unpleasant; that the intrinsic embarrass­ founded jealousies and false alarms; kindles the animosity of one ment inseparable from the selection of the proper objects, which party against another; foments occasional riot and insurrection. is always a choice of difficulties, ought to be a decisive motive for It opens the door to foreign influence a.nd corruption, which a candid construction of the conduct of the Government in mak­ finds a facilitated access to the Government itself through the ing it, and for a spirit of acquiescence in the measures for ob­ channels of party passion. Thus the policy and will of one taining revenue which the public exigencies may at any time dic­ country are subjected to the policy and will of another. tate. There is an opinion that parties in free countries are useful Observe good faith and justice toward all nations. Cultivate checks upon the .administration of the government, and serve peace and harmony with all. Religion and morality enjoin to keep alive the spirit of liberty. This, within certain limits, this conduct; and can it be that 2'00d policy does not equally en­ is probably true; and in governments oi a monarchical cast, pa­ join it? It will be worthy of a free, enlightened, and, at no dis­ triotism may look with indulgence, if not with favor, upon the tant period, a great nation, to give to mankind the magnammous spirit of party. But in those of popular character, in govern­ and too novel example of a people always guided by an exalted ments purely elective, it is a spirit not to be encouraged. From justice and benevolence. Who can doubt that in the course of the natural tendency, it is certain there will always be enough time and things the fruits of such a plan would richly repay any of that spirit for every salutary purpose; and there being -con­ temporary advantages that might be lost by a steady adherence stant danger of excess, the effort ought to be by force of public to it? Can it be that Providence has connected the permanent opinion to mitigate and assuage it. A fire not to be quenched, felicity of a nation with its virtue? The experiment, at least, it demands a uniform vigilance to prevent its bursting into a is recommended by every sentiment which ennobles human na­ flame, lest, instead of warming, it should consume. ture. Alas. it is rendered impossible by its vices. It is important, likewise, that the habits of thinking in a free In, the execution of such a plan, nothing is more essential than country should inspire caution in those intrusted with its ad­ thatpermanent,inveterateantipathiesagainstparticularnations, ministration to confine themselves -within their respective con­ and passionate attachments for others, should be excluded; and stitutional spheres; avoiding in the exercise of the powers of one that in the place of them, just and amicable feelings toward all department to encroach upon another. The spirit of encroach­ should be cultivated. The nation which indulges toward an­ ment tends to consolidate the powers of all the departments in other an habitual hatred or an habitual fondness is in some de· one, and thus to create, whatever the form of government, a gree a slave. It is a slave to its animosity or to its &fection, real despotism. A just estimate of that love of power and prone­ either of which is sufficient to lead it astray from its duty and ness to abuse it which predominate in the human heart, is suffi­ its interest. Antipathy in one nation against another disposes cient to satisfy us of the truth of this position. each more readily to offer insult and injury. to lay hold of slight The necessity of reciprocal checks in the exercise of political causes of umb1·age, and to be haughty and intractable when ac­ power, by dividing and distributing it in to different depositories, cidental or trifling occasions of dispute occur. and constituting each the guardian of the public weal against Hence, frequent collisions and obstinate, envenomed, and invasions of the other, has been evinced by experiments ancient bloody contests. The nation, prompted by ill will and resent­ and modern-some of them in our country, and under our own ment, sometimes impels to war the government contrary to the eyes. To preserve them must be as necessary as to institute best calculations of policy. The governmentsometimes partici­ them. If, in the opinion of the people, the distribution or modi­ pates in the national propensity, and adopts through passion fication of the constitu tiona] powers be in any particular wrong, let what reason would reject. At other times, it makes the ani­ it be corrected by an amendment in the way in which the Con­ mosity of the nation subservient to the projects of hostility, in­ stitution designates. Butlet there be no change by usurpation; stigated by pride, ambition, and other sinister and pernicious for though this in one instance may be the instrument of good, motives. The peace often, sometimes perhaps the liberty, of it is the customary weapon by which free governments are de­ nations has been the victim. stroyed. The precedent must always greatly overbalance in per­ So, likewise, a passionate att~chm ent ofonenationforanother manent evil any partial or transient benefit which the use can produces a variety of evils. Sympathy for the favorite nation, at any time yield. facaitating the illusion of an imaginary common interest in cases Of all the dispositions and habits which led to political pros­ where no real common interests exists, and infusing into one the perity, religion and morality are undispensable supports. In enmities of the other, betrays the former into a participation in vain would that man claim the tribute of patriotism who should the quarrels and the wars of the latter without adequate induce­ labor to subvert these great pillars of human happiness-these ments or justification. It leads, ~lso, to concessions to the favor­ firmest props of the duties of men and citizens. The mere poli­ ite nation of privileges denied to others, whichareaptdoublyto tician, equally with the pious man, ought to respect and to cherish injure the nation making the concessions, by unnecessarily part­ them. A volume could not trace all their connection with pri­ ing with what ought to have been r etained, and by exciting jeal­ vate and public felicity. Let it be simply asked, where is the ousy, ill-will, and a disposition to retaliate, in the parties from security for property, for reputation, for life, if the sense of re­ whom equal privileges are withheld; and it gives to ambitious, lig-ious obligation desert the oaths which are the instruments of corrupt, or deluded citizens, who devote themselves to the favor­ investigation in courts of justice? And let us with caution in­ ite nation, facility to betray or sacrifice the interest of their own dulge the supposition that morality can be maintained without country without odium, sometimes even with popularity, gilding religion. Whatever may be conceded to the influence of refined with the appearances of a virtuous sense of obligation to a com­ education on minds of peculiar structure, reason and experience mendable deference for public opinion, or a laudable zeal for both forbid us to expect that national morality can prevail in public good, the base or foolish compliances of ambition, corrup­ exclusion of raligious principles. tion, or infatuation. .• •

2000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 22,

As avenues to foreign influence in innumerable ways, such at­ some partial benefit, some occasional good-that they may now tachments are particularly alarming to the truly enlightened and then recur to moderate the fury of party spirit, to warn and independent patriot. How many opportunities do they af­ against the mischiefs of foreign intrigue, to guard aryainst the ford to tamper with domestic factions, to practice the arts of Ee­ impostures of pretended patriotism-this hope wilr"'ba a full duction, to mislead public opinion, to influence or awe the pub­ recompense for the solicitude for your welfare by which they lic councils! Such an attachment of a. small or weak nation have been dictated. toward a great and powerful one, dooms the former to be the How far in the discharge of my official duties I have been guided satellite of the latter. Against the insidious wiles of foreign in­ by the principles which have been delineated, the public records fluence, I conjure you to believe me, fellow-citizens, the jealousy and the other evidences of my conduct must witness to you and of a free people ought to be constantly awake, since history and the world. To myself, the assurance of my own conscience is, experience prove that foreign influence is one of the most bane­ that I have at least believed myself to be guided by them. ful foes of republican government. In relation to the still subsisting war in Europe, my proclama~ But that jealousy, to be usejul, must be impartial, else it be­ tion of the 22d of April, 1793, is the index to my plan. Sanctioned comes the instrument of the very influence to ba avoided, in­ by your approving voice, and by that of your representatives in st:= ad of a defense against it. Excessive partiality for one for­ both Houses of Congress, the spirit of that measure has continu­ eign nation, .and excessive dislike for another, cause those whom ally governed me, uninfluenced by any attempts to deter or divert thev actuate to see danger only on one side, and serve to veil and me from it. even second the arts of influence on the other. Real patriots, After deliberate examination, with the aid of the best lights who may resist the intrigues of the favorite, are liable to become I could obtain, I was well .satisfied that our country, under all suspected and odious, while its tools and dupes usurp the ap­ the circumstances of the case, had a right to take! and was plause and confidence of the people to surrender their interests. bound in interest and duty to take, a neutral position. Having The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations taken it, I determined, as far as should depend upon me, to main­ is, in extending our commercial relations, to have with them as tain it with moderation, perseverance, and firmness. little political connection as possible. So far as we have already The considerations which respect the right to hold this con­ formed engagements, let them be fulfilled with perfect good duct, it is not necessary on this occasion to detail. I will only faith. Here let us stop. observe that according to my understanding of the matter, that Europe has a set of primary interests which to us have none right, so far from being denied by any of the belligerent powers, or a very remote relation. Hence, she must be engaged in fre­ has been virtually admitted by all. quent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign The duty of holding a neutral conduct may be inferred, with­ to our concerns. Hence, therefore, it must be unwise in us to out anything more, from the obligation which justice and hu­ implicate ourselves by artificial ties in the ordinary vicissitudes manity impose on every nation, in cases in which it is free to act, · of her politics, or the ordinary combinations and collisions of to maintain inviolate the relations of peace and amitv toward , her friendships or enmities. other nations. · Our detached and distant situation invites and enables us to The inducements of interest for observing that conduct will pursue a different course. If we remain one people, under an best be referred to your own reflections and experience. With efficient government, the period is not far off when we may defy me, a predominant motive has been to endeavor to gain time to material injury from external annoyance; when we may take our country to sattle and mature its yet recent institutions and such an attitude as will causa the neutrality we may at any time to progress without interruption to that degree of strength and resolve upon to be scrupulously r3spected; when belligerent na­ constancy which it is necessary to give it, humanely speaking, tions, under the impossibility of making acquisitions upon us, the command of its own fortune. will not lightly hazard the giving us provocation; when we may Though in reviewing the incidents of my administration I am choose peace or war as our interest, guided by justice, shall unconscious of intentional error, I am nevertheless too sensible of counsel. my defects not to think it probable that I may have committed Why forego the advantageH of so peculiar a situation? Why many errors. Whatever they may ba, I fervently beseech the quit our own to stand on foreign ground? Why, by interweav­ Almighty to avert or mitigate the evils to which they may tend. ing our destiny with any part of Europe, entangle our peace and I shall also carry with me the hope that my country will never prosperity in the toils of Europeanambition, rivalship, interest, cease to view them with indulgence, and that, after forty-five humor, or caprice? years of my life dedicated to its service with an upright zeal, the It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with faults of incompetent abilities will be consigned to oblivion, a~ any portion of the foreign world, so far, I mean, as we are now myself must soon be to the mansions of rest. at liberty to do; for let me not be understood as capable of pa­ Relying on its kindness in this as in other things, and actuated tronizing infidelity to existing engagements. I hold the maxim by that fervent love toward it which is so natural to a man who no less applicable to public than to private affairs, that honesty views in it the native soil of himself and his progenitors for sev­ is always the best policy. I repeat, therefore, let those engage­ eral generations, I anticipate with pleasing expectations that ments be observed in their genuine sense. But in my opinion it retreat in which I promise myself to realize without alloy the is unnecessary, and would be unwise to extend them. sweet enjoyment of partaking in the midst of my fellow-citizens Taking- care always to keep oursel>es by suitable establish­ the benign influence of good laws under a free government-the ments on a respectable defensive posture, we may safely trust to ever favorite object of my heart, and the happy reward, ac:; I temporary alliances for extraordinary emergencies. trust, of our mutual cares, labors, and dangers. · Harmony and a liberal intercourse with all nations are recom­ GO: WASHINGTON. mended by policy, humanity, and interest. But even our com­ UNITED STATES, 19th September, 1796. mercial policy should hold an equal and impartial hand; neither seeking nor granting exclusive favors or preferences; consulting EXECUTIVE SESSION. the natural course of things; diffusing and diversifying by gentle Mr. SHERMAN. I think it is necessary to have a very brief means the stream of commerce, but forcing nothing; establish­ executive session. I move that the Senate proceed to the con­ ing with powers so disposed (in order to give to trade a stable sideration of executive business. course, to define the rights of our merchants, to enable the Gov­ The motion was agreed to; and the Senate proceeded to the ernment to support them) conventional rules of intercourse, the consideration of executive business. After ten minutes spent in best tbat present circumstances and natural opinion will permit, executive session the doors were reopened. but temporary and liable to be from time to time abandoned or varied as experience and circumstances shall dictate; constantly MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. keeping in view that it is folly in one nation to look for disinter­ A message from the House of Representatives, by T. 0. ested favors from another; that it must pay with a portion of its TOWLES, its Chief Clerk, announced that the House had passed independence for whatever it may accept under that character; the following bill and joint resolutions: that by such acceptance it may place itself in the condition of A bill (S. 370) granting to the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific having g·iven equivalents for nominal favors, and yet of being Railway Company the use of certain lands at Chickasha Station, reproached with ingratitude for not having given more. There and for a" Y" in the Chickasaw Nation, Indian Territory; can be no greater error than to expect or calculate upon real A joint resolution (S. R. 102) to provide for the construction favors from nation to nation. It is an allusion which experience of a wharf as a means of approach to the monument to be erected must cure, which a just pride ought to discard. at Wakefield, Va., to mark the birthplace of George Washing­ In offering to you, my countrymen, these counsels of an old ton; and affectionate friend, I dare not hope they will make the strong A joint resolution (8. R. 121) authorizing payment, under act and lasting impression I could wish-that they will control the "of August 30, 1890, to the State of Virginia, upon the assent of usual current of the passions or prevent our nation from running the governor heretofore given, till adjournment of next session the course which has hitherto marked the destiny of nations. of the Legislature thereof. But if I may even flatter myself that they may be productive of The message also announced that the House had passed the 1893. OONGRESSIONAL REOORD-SENATE" 2001

following bills, in which it requested the concurrence of the Sen­ RECORQ. I am quite willing that it shall be printed as a docu­ ate: ment. A bill (H. R. 3626) to grant to the Gainesville, McCallister and Mr. McPHERSON. Does the Ssnator object to having the St. Louis Railway Company a right of way through the Indian tact which is given in the petition stated in the RECORD, so as Territory, and for other purposes; to call the attention of Congress to the fact? A bill (H. R. 8518) to authorize the Commissioner of the Gen­ Mr. ALLISON. It occurs to me that to print it as a document eral Land Office to issue a patent ior Mace Clement's survey, would answer the purpose as well. No. 386, in the Virginia military district of Ohio; and The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from New Jersey A bill (H. R. 8677) to remove the cloud from the title to certain asks unanimous consent that the petition presented by him be real estate in the city of Crawfordsville, Ind. printed in the RECORD. EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS. Mr. ALLISON. I object. .. The PRESIDENT p'ro temp01·e. Objection is made. The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a com­ Mr. ALLISON. I ask that it be printed as a document. munication from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting an The PRESIDENT pro tempm·e. The petition will be printed estimate of deficiency in the appropriation for burial expenses as a document and referred to the Committee on Finance, if there of indigent soldiers for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1893, of be no objection. $1,000, which, with the accompanying papers, was referred to Mr. COCKRELL. In connection with Senate bill S862, to the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be printed. amend the act of Congress approved March 3,1887, entitled "An He also laid before the Senate a communication from the Sec­ act to authorize the construction of a bridge across the Missouri retary of the Treasury, transmitting the claim of Charles Gal­ River at the most accessible point between the city of Kansas lao-her for the return to him of $9,876.39 alleged to have been un­ and the town of Sibley, in the county of Jackson and State of la~fully exacted of him in fees under commercial intercourse Missouri," now pending before the Committee on Commerce, I regulations; which was read. present resolutions adopted by a largely attended meeting of cit­ Mr. CHANDLER. The recommendation is that the case be izens of Clay County, Mo., stating that in defense of their rights sent to the Court of Claims. I move that the communication as a people, and in justice to individual interests, they are op­ and accompanying papers be referred to the Committee on posed to, and protest against the passage of said amendatory Claims and printed. act, and of any act which will amend or in any way change the The motion was agreed to. said act of Congress; "and we appeal tJ our Senators and Rep­ 'l'he PRESIDENT pro tempo're laid before the Senate a com­ resentatives in Congress to sustain us in our opposition and pro­ munication from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting an test." estimate of deficiency in the appropriation for salaries and ex­ In this connection I also present resolutions of the common penses of pension agents and rents for the fiscal year ending council of the city of Kansas City, opposing the proposed change June 30, 1892, of $287 .50; which, with the accompanying papers, contemplated by the bill; and also resolutions of the Kansas City was referred to the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered Live Stock Exchange, and a telegram: announcing that the Com­ to be printed. mercial Club of Kansas City had decided by a vote of 18 to 17 to PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. I oppose the proposed change. I move that the memorials be re­ Mr. FRYE presented a petition of the Single Tax League of ferred to the Committee on Commerce for consideration in con­ Lewiston and Auburn, Maine, praying for the establishment of nection with the bill. a permanent census bureau, which ohall show the distribution The motion was agreed to. as well as the production of wealth; which was referred to the Mr. PETTIGREW. I present a joint resolution passed by the Committee on the Census. Legislature of South Dakota, remonstrating against t.he repeal Mr. CULLOM presented petitions of citizens of Monroe County, of any portion of the act '' granting pensions to soldier.:; and sail­ TIL, and of sundry citizens of the State of Illinois, praying for ors who are incapacitated for the performance of manual labor the appointment of a committee to investigate the combine and providing for pensions to widows, minor children, and de­ formed to depreciate the price of grain; which were referred to pendent parents," approved June 27, 1890. I move that the me­ the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. morial be referred to the Committee on Pensions. Mr. PADDOCK presented petitions of Fisher & Lawrie, ar­ The motion was agreed to. chitects, of Omaha, Nebr.; of Henry Flan, civil engineer, of St. Louis, Mo., and of Shepley, Rutan & Coolidge, architects, of Bos­ REPORTS OF COMMITTEES. ton, Mass., praying for the passage of the bill prop03ing to ap­ Mr. SAWYER, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom propriate $40,000forcontinuing tests of American timber; which was referred the bill (H. R.8017} granting a pension to Elizabeth were referred to the Committee on Appropriations. Voss, reported it without amendment, and submitted a report He also presented the petition of J. J. Evans, postmaster at thereon. Waco, Nebr., praying that the rate on letter postage be reduced Mr. MITCHELL, from the Committee on Claims, to whom was from 2 cents to 1 cent an ounce; that the rate on newspapers and referred the bill (S. 264} for the relief of William B. Morgan, • magazines and all second-class matter be increased to5centsper submitted an adverse report thereon; which was agreed to, and pound, and to place all classes of business enterprise upon the the bill was postponed indefinitely. same footing in the way of postal privileges; which was referred He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. bill (S. 3733) to em~ower Robert Adger and others to bring suit Mr. McPHERSON .. I present a petition which I think is in the Court of Clarms for rent alleged to be due them, reported more numerously signed and represents more capital engaged in it without amendment, and submitted a report thereon. industries than any petition I have ever seen brought before the Mr. JONES of Arkansas, from the Committee on Indian Af: Senate. The petitioners call attention to the fact that by the fairs, to whom was referred the biU (S. 3473) to author·ize the law passed in October, 1890, and known as the McKinley act, Interoceanic Railway Company to construct and operate a rail­ pig tin is subject to a duty of 4 cents per pound, to take effect way, telegraph, and telephone lines through the Indian Terri­ on and after July 1, 1893, and that in all probability, in the ab­ tory, reported it with an amendment, and submitted n. report sence of legislation at the present session of Congress, that pro­ thereon. vision will very seriously affect manufacturing industries. The Mr. MORRILL. I am directed by the Committee on Finance, petition is signed by nearly all the manufacturers and also those to whom was referred the joint resolution (S. R. 15~ instructing engaged in foundry work of all kinds. Something like 100 the Commissioner of Internal Revenue to reopen and reexamine different companies have signed the petition. It represents an the claim of the Continental Fire Insurance Company and others, almost unknown amount of capital. I should like to have the and certify the amount of taxes enoneously paid by said corpor­ statement of fact only, which is contained on less than one page ations, if any, to report it without recommendation. of coarsely written matter, printed in the RECORD in order that I wish to state that the joint resolution refers to nine compa­ the attention of Senators may be called to those who have peti­ nies which have claims against the United States, seven of which tioned in this mSLtter, and !ask that the petition ba referred to have been reported against by two committees and once favorably. the Committee on Finance. I desire to add to the statement that I think it would be very Mr. ALLISON. What is the petition? much better that the law which limits the time when claims Mr. McPHERSON. It is a petition calling the attention of against the United States can be presented should be repealed or the Congress of the Uuited States to the fact that under the Mc­ that acts which conflict with that law on the statute books should Kinley law after the 1st day of July, 1893, a tax of ~cents a not be passed, as any such act here will establish a precedent for pound will be imposed upon rawtin, and asking the interference an innumerable number of claims to be brought in at the next of Congress at the present session. Congress. Mr. ALLISON. I am quite sure that Congress well under­ I suppose there are hundreds upon hundreds of these claims stands the question. I object to the petition going into the twenty and thirty years of age, and I wish to say that a large XXIV-126 2002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 22,

portion of them, if they are like those mentioned in this reso­ WITHDRAWAL OF PAPERS. iution, would not restore the amount that is claimed to the orig­ inal stockholders who paid the taxes, many oi whom are dead, Mr. PERKINS. I ask the permission of the Senate to with­ and many changes have been made, of course, in the stockholders draw the final discharge papers, and some other private papers, of the various companies. which were filed in support of a bill_introduced by me in the in­ There is another fact in relation to the matter, that one-half terest of Patrick Montgomery. There has been 'no adverse re­ of the sum is universally agreed to be paid to the claim agents port, and I ask permission to withdraw the papers. or attorneys ~f these outlawed claimants. I think that the Sen­ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The papers will be withdrawn, ator from Virginia [Mr. HUNTON] who introduced the joint reso­ subject to the rules of the Senate. lution had better modify it, if he- desires to have it passed, so that HOUSE BILLS REFERRED. it will refer to the banks, insurance companies, and railroads of The following bills were severally read twice by their titles the proper States. and referred to the Committee on Public Lands: ' The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The joint resolution, being A bill (H.R. 8518) to authoriz.e the Commissioner of the Gen­ reported without recommendation, will be placed on the Cal­ eral Land Office to issue a patent for Mace Clement's survey, No. endar_ 386, in the Virginia military district of Ohio; and REPOR'l' ON IMMIGRATION. A bill {H. R. 86'77) to remove the cloud from the title to cer­ Mr. CHANDLER.. I submit a raport from the Committee on tain real estate in the city of Crawfordsville, Ind. Immigration to accompany the bill (S. 3786) establishing ad­ The bill (H. R.. 3626) to grant to the Gainesville, McCallister ditional regulations concerning immigration to the United and St. Louis Railway Company a right of way through the State, which is now on the Calendar. I ask that the report be Indian Territory, and for other purposes, was read twice by its printed with the testimony and accompanying documents. title, and referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs. I also ask that 2,000 additional copies of the report without the INAUGURATION ARRANGE1:lENTS. testimony and documents be printed for the use of the Senate. There is annexed to the report a history of immigration investi­ Mr. HAL.E. I submit a resolution and ask for its immediate gation and legislation, which will be useful for Senators of consideration. whom inquiries are made on the subject. I ask an order for the The resolution was read, as follows: printing of 2,000 additional copies of the report without the testi­ lle8olved, That the Commissioners of the District of Columbia are directed to send forthwith to the Senate a statement of all places on the publiC\ mony and documents. grounds and streets where permits have been given to erect stands for seats The PRESIDENT p'ro tmnpore. The Senator from New Hamp­ to be used on inauguration day, and whether in any case such stands have shire submits a written report upon a bill now upon the Calen­ been erected in from of"any of the public buildings. dar, which report with the accompanying papers will be printed The Senate, by unanimous consent, proceeded to consider the as a report. He moves that 2,000 additional copies of the report resolution. be printed without the testimony. The motion under the rules Mr. HALE. Mr. President, I have offered this resolution in will have to be referred .to the Committee on Printing unless by order that information may be gained as to the extent which it tinanimous consent it is otherwise ordered. is contemplated the practice of erecting seats upon public Mr. CHANDLER. I ask unanimous consent that the order be grounds is to be carried out. Day after day, in going along the made. line where the procession will move, we have all seen the en­ The PRESIDENT p1·o tempo'f·e. Is there objection to the re­ croachment of stands for seats constantly progressing; one res­ quest that 2,000 additional copies of the report without the tes­ ervation after another is closed up and occupied and covered by timony be. printed? It is so ordered in the absence of objection. them. The line of march to be taken by the procession, thou­ LANDS IN LOUISIANA. sands of our fellow-citizens from Statesoutsidecoming here, will be not much more than a display of plank seats, and, if the day Mr. WHITE. I am directed by the Committee ·on Public is bad, half filled or less. Lands, to whom was referred the bill (S. 3202) reconveying to This morning I discovered, in addition to what had been put the original grantors the title to certain lands in the State of up before, that the north front of the Treasury building, a Louisiana conveyed by them to the United States, to report it very fine front which ought to be seen from the procession, has without amendment. I ask leave to put the bill on its passage at been encroached upon; that wooden stands are to be erected this time. It can not possibly provoke any discussion. If it there, and that will be cut off from view. Almost the entire lot does, I will withdraw the request. where the Executive Mansion is situated has been taken up in · The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Louisiana the same way, so that that can not be seen. asks unanimous consent that the bill reported by him from the Mr. HAWLEY. And the south end of the Treasury build­ Committee on Public Lands be now considered. Is there ob­ ing . . jection? Mr. HALE. As the Senator from Connecticutsuggeststo me, Mr. ALLISON rose. the south end of the Treasury building, a public buil'ding which Mr. BLACKBURN. The Senator from Louisiana says he will is a singularly beautiful and imposing feature in Washington, is withdraw it if it provokes debate. to be shut off from the spectators. , Mr. WHITE. I will withdraw it if there is the slightest objec­ Now, who has done this? By what authority or upon what tion. It can not possibly lead to debate. theory I do not know, but it seems to me that it has become an Mr. ALLISON. Very well. evil when it is found that almost everything in the line of the Bv unanimous consent, the Senate, as in Committee of the procession worth seeing is disfigured and obscured and the view Whole, proceeded to consider the bill. entirely or almost obstructed. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or­ Mr. ·MORRILL. If the Senator will allow me, I will state dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, that I have heard one person has put up these structures and and passed. then sold tickets, so that he will be able to pocket $10,000. I Mr. ALLISON. Mr. President, .I give notice that I shall ob­ do not know whether that is true or not. ject to the consideration of any further bills this morning. Mr. HALE. If that is true, it is time that we should look in to the matter. It has been suggested by another Senator while I BILL INTRODUCED. am speaking that the fine statue which was recently erected in - Mr. DUBOIS introduced a bill (S. 3879) granting a pension to Lafayette Square, the statue of the great Frenchman whom we Charlotte M. Bryson,. widow of Andrew Bryson, late rear-admi­ delight to honor, the Marquis de Lafayette, is entirely cut off ral in the United States Navy; which was read twice by its title, from view and no one can see it. and referred te the Committee on Pensions. Mr. MITCHELL. It is absolutely obstructed from sight. Mr. HALE. Now, if this avenue and all the public s treets are Al'.:lENIJMENTS TO APPROPRIATION BILLS. to be given up to the kind of speculation the Senator from Ver­ Mr. SAWYER submitted an amendment intended to be pro­ mont has just alluded to, the Congress of the United States . posed by him to the Post-Office appropriation bill; which was ought to do something about it. I think the great trouble has referred to the Committee of Post-Offices and Post-Roads, and been that this body, in connection with the other House, did not ordered to be printed. weeks ago take some action and preserve at least, from the dis­ Mr. BLACKBURN submitted an amendment intended to be tiguring stands that have been made all over the city, some of proposed by him to the deficiencyappropriation bill; which was the things are worth seeing by our visitof's who will come here. referred to the Committee on Claims, and ordered to be printed. Mr. CULLOM. The statue referred to is made a pat·t of the Mr. MITCHELL submitted an amendment intended to be pro­ base of the board structure upon which it is expected to rent posed by him to the legislative, executive, and judicial appro­ seats. priation };>ill; which was referred to the Committee on the Ju­ Mr. HALE. That they have utilized? diciary, and ordered to be printed. Mr. CULLOM. They have utilized it for that purpose, and -·

1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 2003

his opinion will inflict no serious or permanent injury upon such reserva­ substantially obscured it so that no stranger coming here can tions or public spaces; ·and the Commissioners of the District of Columbia may see the statue except on one side. designate for such and other purposes such streets, avenues, a.nd sidewalks Mr.JONESofArkansa.s. I wish toasktheSenatorfromMaine in the District as they may deem proper and necessary therefor. a question by his permission. Mr. HALE. Then the matter is left to the District Commis- Mr. HALE. Certainly. sioners. Mr. JONES of Arkansas. I should like to know if .any of Mr. GORMAN. Only as to the public streets. these seats are reserved for members of Congress or thei~ fam­ Mr. HALE. What was the last clause? ilies? I have myself made some effort to get accommodatiOn for Mr. FAULKNER. It is left to the Secretary of War. my own family and have been unable to do so. I should be glad Mr. GORMAN. The last clause reads: to get some information on that point. And the Commissioners of the District of Columbia may designate for Mr HALE. I think the Senator will find no trouble about such and other purposes such streets, avenues, and sidewalks in the District that.· Ample seats have been reserved and will be furnished to as they may deem proper and necessary therefor. members of Congress and their families upon paying the prices This is exactly the resolution which has been passed on every speculators put upon them. There will be no trouble about that occasion upon the inauguration of a President. Since early in whatever. the morninD', my attention having been called to this matter by Mr. JONES of Arkansas. My information has been t~at the the Senato;' from Maine, I happened to meet one of the gentle­ men who have erected the seats claim that they are all disposed men in charge of the ceremonies. His statement is that they of and in the hands of third parties now and there is no limit as made application to the Secretary of War and .applie.d for the to what they may charge for the seats. identicai spaces, the very places that were used m the maugura­ Mr. HALE. The Senator from Vermont [Mr. MORRILL] has tion of President Harrison, and President Cleveland, and his alluded to a practice of that kind. I fancy that the seats in many predecessor, and that no other or greater privileges have been cases have been bought up by single individuals who are specu­ granted except in one or two cases as to the length of the stands. lating out of the public; that no reserva~ion has been made f<;>r He said' they found that as the country is growing each four anybody in Congress. and that the fine thmgs upo~ the route~ ~n years there has to be some increase in the size of the stands; that short are cut off entirely. I want to know about 1t, and that IS the whole expense of the inauguration is always borne by private why I have introduced the resolution. subscription; and that the committee in charge of these cere­ Mr. HAWLEY. I should like to ask a question for informa­ monies get nothing from the Government except the use of the tion. One would naturally suppose that these people have ob­ spaces. tained permission. One '!o~d naturally ~up.I?ose that. tJ:ese The amount of money required for the construction of these people have obtained permisswn from the DlStrict CommissiOn­ stands is very large, and they get it by selling the privilege to ers or from some public authority. What does the Senator know some man who will take the risk of erecting the stands and then about that? . selling the seats. .Ai; a matter of course, on a great occasion of Mr. HALE. That is the very thing I ask in the resolutl~n, this kind, where the stands will not accommodate one-fifth of that the District Commissioners shall report to us what permits those who desire to have them, speculators come in and buy they have given, what the per.mits cover, and i:f i~ any cases the them. I have no doubt there is some extortion in that respect, stands interfere with the public grounds or bUlldmgs. but I am assured that the exact rule has been applied in the dis­ Mr. MTLLS. I wish to say, if the Senator will permit me, position of the spaces that was applied four years ago. that some of these seats have covers over them) anti they have Mr. MILLS. I wish to ask the Senator irom Maryland if the obstructed the view from the windows of the private property joint resolution he speaks of a~tho_rizes thes~ persons to obs~ruct owners who have some rights to the streets as well as these other the view anywhere m front or pnvate residences and pr1vate persons. I think the tops· at least ought to be taken off the property along the streets. .. stands and these speculators ought not, ,to be pe~mitted to ob­ Me. GORMAN. I was not aware that such was the fact. That struct the view of persons who have a right to v1ew the street is a matter, however, that the District Commissioners unques­ from their private property. tionably, in conference with thegentlemen who compose the in­ J\.fr. McMILLAN. Mr. President- augural committee, will arrange: The ina~g~ral committee is The PRESIDENT pro tempo're. Does the Senator from Maine entirely a voluntary matter, a pr1vate assomatwn, composed of yield to the Senator from Michigan? · citizens of Washington, and the very best citizens. It will be Mr. HALE. Certainly. corrected, I have no doubt. Mr. McMILLAN. I made some inquiry in regard to these Mr. MILLS. I have heard comulaint in the last few days of stands when I saw they were being erected, and in the interest a structure erected on the square do,vn by Thirteenthstreet;where of the Senate I wrote a letter to the District Commissioners the view all alouD' in front of theNational Theater is obstructed, asking them if they gave permission to put the stands up, and and they have p{:t a great top over it, and the people who have what arrangements had been made to take care of Congress. selected rooms to view the procession from houses are now en­ An answer came back stating that the District Commissioners tirely shut out; they can not see anything. I do not think we had nothing whatever to do with the stands; that the Govern­ ought to use the public squares so as to injure the property along ment reservations were in the hands of the Government, and the streets. that Col. Ernst is the officer in charge of the reservations. I Mr. HALE. I do not desire to take up any more time. This then wrote a letter to Col. Ernst, and he referred me to Col. has become a great nuisance, and it is none the less so because _ Baird I think, and at the suggestion of some Senators I sent a we have permitted it heretofore. I think it will have some good letter 'through the Sergeant-at-Arms to Col. Baird, asking him result if the resolution passes, and 1nay call a halt to any further if further arrangements had been made for members of Con­ action. gress. He rJturned a reply that each Senator would be entitled Mr. JONES of Arkansas. I should like to make a suggestion to one ticket free. . to the Senator from Maine. His resolution, it seems to me, Mr. HALE. On the suggestion of the Senator from Michigan, ought to ask if there have been any arrangements made for I will add after the words '' the Commissioners of the District of limiting the prices of the seats, and if there has been any effort Columbia'" the words ''and the engineer officer in charge of made to protect the public agains't being robbed by extortionate public bulldings and grounds in the District of Columbia." charges for the seats. I think there ought to be some regula­ The PRESIDENTp?·otempO?·e. The resolutionwill be somod- tion, some sort of limitation of the prices to be charged for the ified. occupation of the seats. The Government ought not to be a Mr. HALE. I ask for its adoption as modified. -party to the robbery of people who come here to witness the Mr. McMILLAN. I should like to have it read. inauguration. Mr. HARRIS. Let it be read. Mr. HALE. Here is what bas just been handed to me by the The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The resolution will be read as Senator from New Hampshire [Mr. CHANDLER]: modified. And what if any conditions have been imposed as to the charges to be made The Chief Clerk read as follows: to the public for the use of such stands. _ Resolved, That the Commissioners of the District of Columbia and the en­ gineer officer in charge of public buildings and grounds in the District of Mr. JONES of Arkansas. That covers what I have in view. Columbia. are directed to send forthwith to the Senate a statement of all Mr. HALE. I ask that that be added, and that the Secretary places on the public grounds and streets where permits have been given to of War be also included in the resolution so that we can get at erect stands for seats to be used on inauguration day, and whether in any case such stands have boen erec:;ect in front of any of the public buildings. everything. The PRESIDENT p1·o tem1Jore. The resolution as modified Mr. GORMAN. I introduced the joint resolution, which was will be read. passed, and was approved January 26, 1893, in the following words: The Chief Clerk read the resolution a.s modified, as follows: That the Secretary or War is hereby authorized to grant permits to the Resolved, That the Secretary of War, the Commissioners of the District of executive cGmmittee on inaugural ceremonies for the use of any reserva­ Columbia. and the engineer officer in charge of public buildings and grounds tions or other public spaces, in the city of Washington, on occasion of the in the District or Columbia are directed to send forthwith to the Senate a. Lnauiuration of the President-elect on the 4th day of March, 1893, which in statement of all places on the publie groundo and streets where permits have 2004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 22,

been given to erect stands for seats to be used on inauguration day, and whether in any case such stands have been erected in front of any of the The PRESIDENT pro te·mpore. Then the reserved amend­ public buildings, and what, if any, conditions have been imposed as to the ment, made as in Committee of the Whole, will be concurred in charges to be made to the public for the use of such stands. in the Senate. All the amendments made as in Committee of Mr. MILLS. Why not insert "either public or private?" the Whole have been concurred in in the Senate. They have no right to obstruct private property. Mr. DAVIS. Pursuant to notice given yesterday, I renew my Mr. HALE. I have no objection to that. amendment to strike out the first ten lines on page 58. The PRESIDENT p'tO tempore. The question is on the adop­ The PRESlDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Minnesota tion of the resolution r.s modified. proposes an amendment, which will be stated. Mr. GORMAN. I trust the resolution may go over until to­ The CHIEF CLERK. On page 58 strike out the first ten lines, moreow morning. It may be that I shall then have a statement the words to be stricken out being as follows: · from gentlemen in charge of this matter to submit to the Senate. Provided further, That there be added to section seven of" An act tore­ No good can come from action now, I think, except as a matter peal the timber-culture laws, and for other purposes," approved March 3, 1891, the following proviso: Provided further, That nothing in this section of inquiry and to lJrevent the abuse hereafter. It has gone too shall be construed to apply in its provisions to or affect any case where a. far to be applied to the coming inauguration. I ask the Senator contest was pending in the Land Department prior to the date of the passage from Maine to let the resolution go over until to-morrow. of said act, or to in any manner impair rights which had been acquired Mr. HALE. All right: let it go over. ~~~~r the preemption, desert land, or timber-culture laws prior to March 3, The PRESIDENT pro tentpo1·e. The consideretion of the reso­ lution will be passed over until to-morrow morning. The PRESIDENT p1·o tempo'te. The question is on agreeing CHAMPLAIN AND ST. LAWRENCE RAILROAD. to the amendment. Mr. CALL. On that I call for the yeas and nays. Mr. PROCTOR submitted the following report: The yeas and nays were ordered, and the Secretary proceeded The committee of conference on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses to call the roll. on the amendment of the Senate to the bill (H. R. 4275) to grant to the Cham­ plain and St. Lawrence Railroad Company a right of way across the Fort Mr. BUTLER (when his name was called). I have a ganeral Montgomery military reservation having met, after full and free confer­ pair with the Senator from Pennsylvania [Mr. CAMERON]. Not en ~ e have agreed to recommend and do recommend to their respective knowing how he would vote, I withhold my vote. Houses as follows: That the Senate recede from its amendment and the House agree to the Mr. CULLOM (when his name was called). I am paired with same with an amendment as follows: the Senator from Delaware [Mr. GRAY]. I do not see him pres­ In line 4,strikeout all after "New York," down to and including the word ent and therefore for the time being I withhold my vote. "consideration," in line7, and insert in lieu t .:ereof the following: "Subject, however, to the provisions of an act entitleJ 'An act authorizing the Secre­ Mr. DAVIS (when his name was called). I am paired with the tary of War to lease public property in certain cases,' approved July 28, 1892, Senator from Indiana [Mr. TURPIE] and therefore withhold my anc1 on condition;" and the Senate agree to the same. vote. REDFIELD PROCTOR, C. K. DAVIS, Mr. HUNTON (when his name was called). I am paired with F. M. COCKRELL, the Senator from Connecticut [Mr. PLA'l'T]. If he were present Managers on the part of the Senate. I should vote " nay." JOHN L. MITCHELL, Mr. McMILLAN (when his name was called). I have a gen­ D. H. PATTON, C. E. BELKNAP, eral pair 'vith the Senator from North Carolina [Mr. VANCE]. Managers on the part of the House. Mr. MITCHELL (when his name was called). I am paired The report wa.s concurred in. with the junior Senator from Louisiana [Mr. CAFFERY]. If he were here he would vote " nay" and I should vote " yea." SUNDRY CIVIL APPROPRIATION BILL. Mr. PASCO (when his name was called). I am paired with The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there further q10rning the Senator from North Dakota [Mr. CASEY]. Having learned business? that he would vote against the amendment, I vote" nay." Mr. ALLISON. If there is no further morning business: I Mr. PETTIGREW (when his name was called). I am paired move that the Senate proceed to the consideration of the sundry with the Senator from West Virginia [Mr. CAMDEN]. I transfer civil appropriation bill. my pair to the Senator from Montana [Mr. SANDERS] and vote The motion was agreed to; and the Senate resumed the con­ "sea." sideration of the bill (H. R.l0238) making appropriations for Mr. McMILLAN (when Mr. STOCKBRIDGE'S name was called). sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year My colleague [Mr. STOCKBRIDGE] is unavoidably absent. He is ending June 30, 1894, and for other purposes. . paired with the Senator from Maryland [Mr. GIBSON]. The PRESIDENT p?·o tem.po1·e. In order that the position of Mr. BERRY (when Mr. WALTHALL'S namewascalled). The the bill may be fairly understood, the Chair will direct the Senator from Mississippi [Mr. WALTHALL] is paired with the reading of an extract from the RECORD of yesterday's pro­ Senator from Rhode Island [Mr. DIXON]. If the Senator from ceedings. Mississippi were present he would vore "nay." The Chief Clerk read as follows: Mr. VILAS (when Mr. WHITE's name was called). The Sen­ Mr. ALLISON. I ask that the amendments not reserved be concurred in ator from Louisiana [Mr. WHITE], being temporarily detained now, and I ask that then the bill may go over until to-morrow, allowing new amendments to be offered in the Senate, the amendment suggested by from the Chamber, desired me to announce that h e is paired the Senator from Minnesota and any others where notice is ~iven to-night, with the Senator from Minnesota [Mr. WASHBURN], and that if and tbat the debate upon those amendments shall be by unammous consent present h e would vote"' nay." under the tlve-minnte rule. so that we may to-morrow within a reasonable hour finally dispose of the bill. The roll call wag concluded. Mr. FAULKNER. I am paired with the Senator from Rhode The PRESIDING* OFFICER.* *Is there objection* to* the request* of the *Senator Island [Mr. ALDRICH]. If he were present I should vote "nay." from Iowa? Mr. McPHERSON (after having voted in the negative). I The PRESIDING* *OFFICER. *The Chair* will ask *again, Is* the request* of the wish to inquire if the Senator from Delaware [Mr. HIGGINS] has Senator from Iowa agreed to? Is there objection to it? The Chair hears voted? · none, and it is so ordered. The PRESIDENT pro tempm·e. He has not voted. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair understands that Mr. McPHERSON. I am paired with that Senator and there­ all the amendments agreed to as in Committee of the Whole have fore withdraw my vote. been concurred in the Senate except an amendment reserved by Mr. BLACKBURN. I desire to state that my colleague [Mr. the Senator from Florida [Mr. CALL]. The quest!on is upon LINDSAY] wag paired with the Senatorfrom Maine 1[Mr. FRYE], concurring in the amendment excepted from the general rule, who asked to have the pair transferred to the Senator from which will be stated. Massachusetts [Mr. HOAR]. Now, I transfer that pair to the The CHIEF CLERK. On page 53, line 20, in an amendment al­ Senator from Rhode Island [Mr. ALDRICH]. That will enable ready agreed to, before the word" thousand," the Senate, as in the Senator from West Virginia [Mr. FAULKNER] to vote. The Committee of the Whole, struck out "eighty" and inserted Senator from Rhode Island is absent, and so is my colleague. "forty," so as to reduce the appropriation under the head of Mr .. FAULKNER. Then I will vote. I will vote "nay." "Depredations on public timber, protec~ing public lands, and Mr. DIXON. I have a general pair with the Senator from settlement of claims for swamp lands and swamp-land indemnity," Mississippi [Mr. WALTHALL], who is absent. I transfer that to $40,000. pair to the Senator from Massachusetts [Mr. HOAR], and I will The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The q uestioa is on concurring -.;·ote. in the amendment made as in Committee of the Whole. Mr. BLACKBURN. That is fair. Mr. CALL. At. the request of the Sanator from Maryland, I Mr. DIXON. I vote" yea." will withdraw my request and allow the amendment to be con­ Mr. McPHERSON. At the suggestio~ of the Senator from ·curred in and let it go into conference. I desire simply to ob­ Michigan [Mr. McMILLAN], I will tranfer my pair with the serve that I regard the agencies for the investigation of these Senator from Delaware [Mr. HIGGINS], to the Senator from frauds as matters oi great importance. North Carolina [Mr. VANCE], who is abs;mt, and that will allow 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 2005 both the Senator from Michigan and myself to vote. I vote tions for sundry ch"il expenses of the Government fer the tlscalyearending June 30, 1891, and for other purposes," and approved August 30, 1890. as by ''nay." section 2 of said act, to provide accommodations tor the Government ·Print­ Mr. McMILLAN. 1 vote" yea." ing omce, and the construction of the needed storage and distributing ware­ houses in connection therewith, tor the purchase of the south half or square Mr. BATE (after voting in the negative), I have a general No. 673, fronting on North Capitol street, containing about 213,815 square pair with the Senator from Washington [Mr. ALLEN]. I do not teet, and bounded as follows: Two hundred and seventy-three and one-fourth know how he would vote on this question, and I can not find out feet on North Capitol street, along the same from the intersection of L; thence therewith to what is called Pierce or Babcock street; thence along from his colleague, but I observe that all from that part of the the same eastward tor 782! feet to First street·; thence along the same for country are voting " yea." I voted " nay," and I think it proper 273tfeet to L street; thence west along the same to point of beginning; and that I should withdraw my vote. that he pay over the said money so appropriated to the owners of the said south half of square numbered 673 on the presentation to hin1,'the said Sec­ Mr. CALL (after having voted in the negative). I am paired retary, of a deed conveying the said parcel of ground to the United States, with the Senator from Vermont [Mr. PROCTOR]. I do not know duly approved by the Attorney-General of the United States. how he would vote, but as Senators are generally voting "yea" on the other side, I withdraw my vote. Mr. MANDERSON. Mr. President, the Senate as in Commit­ Mr. GEORGE. I am paired with the Senator from Oregon tee of the Whole, when this amendment was pending, had what [Mr. DOLPH]. . almost approached, at least from the standpoint of the s ~ nator The result was announced-yeas 28, nays 18; a.e follows: from Iowa [Mr. ALLISON], a battle royal over the conflicting sites. The chairman of the Committee on Appropriations, acting YEAS-28. as stakeholder, tried to make that warfare as gentle as his nature Allison, Gallinger, Morrill, Sawyer, Carey, Hale, Paddock, Sherman, is, which is exceedingly so; but still the battle raged ana both Chandler, Hansbrough, Peffer, Shoup, sides came out without vict<>ry perched upon their banners. So Dawes, Hawley, Perkins, Squire, far as I was concerned, I was ready to let the fight stop thera, Dixon, Jones. Nev. Pettigrew, Stewart, Dubois, McMillan, Power, Teller, and not further take the time of the Senate in what ssamed to Frye, Manderson, Quay, Wolcott. me to baa vain and idle dispute. NAYS-18. Mr. QUAY. Will the Senator from Nebraska allow me to in­ Berry, Gorman, McPherson, Ransom, terrupt him? Blackburn, Harris, Mills, Vest, Mr. MANDERSON. Certainly. Blodgett, Hill, Morgan, Vilas. Mr. QUAY. I have not introduced the amendmentwithade­ Coke, Irby, Palmer, Faulkner, Jones, Ark. Pasco, sign to provoke any fight or any discussion, but merely to take NOT VOTING-42. the yeas and nays upon it. I presume I have a right to a vote Aldrich, Colquitt, Hiscock, Stanford, upon the amendment. Allen, CUllom, Hoar, Turpie, Mr. MANDERSON. Undoubtedly the Senator has a right Bate, Daniel, Hunton, Vance, to offer the amendment. Brice, Davis, Kyle, Voorhees, Mr. QUAY. has been fully discussed, and as far as I am Butler, Dolph, Lindsay, Walthall, It Carfery, Felton, Mitchell, Warren, concerned I have no personal feeling in the matter. Call, George, Platt, Washburn, Mr. MANDERSON. Of course the yeas and nays will be taken Camden, Gibson, Proctor, White, if Cameron, Gordon, Pugh, Wilson. the amendment shall be considered by the Senate; but it does Casey, Gray, Sanders, not follow, because the amendment is introduced with that mo­ Cockrell, Higgins, Stanford, tive on the part of the Senator, that discussion upon the question So the amendment was agreed to. shall cease. M.r. HAWLEY. Notice was given yesterday, I believe, by However, I simply rose, Mr. Presiclent, to give the reasons the Senator from Montana [Mr. POWERj that he would renew in that actuate me at this time-the battle having been won and the Senate an amendment relating to the establishment of a post lost by both sides-to make the point of order on the amendment at Helena. I send to the desk the amendment with an amend­ that it i'3 general legislation proposed upon an appropriation ment, or I submit the whole as one amendment, the original bill. amendment hav-ing been changed. Mr. ALLISON. The Senator from Pennsylvania, I think, 'l'he PRESIDING OFICER. The amendment will be stated. could not have been present last evening at the conclusion of The CHIEF CLERK. On page 70, after line 24, insert the fol­ the consideration of the bill as in Committee of the Whole, when lowing additional proviso: it was by unanimous consent agreed that no amendments should Provided f urther, That the sum of $10::>,000, appropriated by act approved be offered to the bill in the Senate except those that were noted May 12, 1892, for the establishment of a military post at Helena, Mont., may at the moment. be used for beginning the construction of the necessary barracks, quarters, hospitals, kitchens, mess halls, stables, storehouses, magazines, defenses, Mr. QUAY. I was present during the entire session and had and other necessary improvements and buildings provided for in said act: no such understanding and gave my consent to no such propo­ P1·ovided, '!'hat the cost of such improvements and buildings shall not exceed sition;- but if that was the understanding, of course I withdraw the sum of $250,000. the amendment. _ The amendment was agreed to. Mr. COCKRELL. That was the understanding, I think. Mr. HAWLEY. I wish to renew one more small amendment, Mr. JONES of Arkansas. Distinctly so. to which I think there will ba no objection. I have been con­ Mr. QUAY. I understood the bill was open to any a.1Jlend- ferring with other Senators about it. On p·age 92, in line 3, I ment that might be offered. move to strike out "three" and insert "five," before the word Mr. COCKRELL. Let the understanding be read. "thousand." Mr. GORMAN. Let the unders!a!lding be read again. The CHIEF CLERK. On page 92, line 3, strike out the word Mr. MANDERSON. I have made the point of order on the "three" and insert the word "five;" so as to read: amendment, which must, as I understand the rules, be decided For transportation of members of the home, $5,000. without debate. If the amendment is not in order thate!lds the The amendment was agreed to. controversy. Mr. ALLISON. I ask unanimous consent that the clerks at Mr. QUAY. It is certainly in order now if it was in order the desk may change the totals so as to conform to the amend­ yesterday. ments agreed to just now and other amendments of like charac­ Mr. MANDERSON. The point of order was not made ~ gainst ter. I think there are three or four of them. They will be it yesterday. ea£ily recognized by the clerks. Mr. HARRIS. While the point of order may dispose of this The PRESIDENT p1·o tempore. The Senator from Iowa asks particular matter, the suggestion made applies perhaps to many that the clerks at the desk change the totals where necessary orr other amendments that may be offered. Having been in the account of the amendments of the bill. In the absence of objec­ chair at the time the unanimous-consent agreement was made, tion it will be agreed to. my dislinct recollection is that the Senator from Iowa asked Mr. QU'A Y. I desire to offer in the Senate the amendment that notice should be given of amendments to be offered to the which was voted down as in Committee of the Whole yesterday bill in the Senate b afore the adjournment last night, and that relating to the site of the Government Printing Office. The only amendments of which notice was given should be offered amendment was offered by the Senator from Missouri [Mr. VEST] to the bill to-day. Mr. QUAY. If that was the case I will certainly withdraw yesterday. I ThePRESIDINGOFFICER(Mr. BERRY in the chair). Where the amendment. does the Senator from Pennsylvania desire the amendment· to be ThePR ~IDING OFFICER. The amendmentiswithdra.wn, placed? the Chair understands. Mr. QUAY. Let it come in between lines 9 and 10, on page 4. Mr . .MANDERSON. I ask that the RECORD be read. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The amendment will be read. The PRESIDING OFFICER.. The Secretary will read as re- The CHIEF CLERK. On page 4, after line 9, insert: quested. · That the Secretary of the Treasury be, and he hereby is, empowered and Mr. QUAY. I wish to say that I had no such understanding, djrected to employ the money appropriated in the "Act making appropria- hough I will not quarrel with the det ~rmination of the Senate. 2006 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEB!{UAltY 22;

The Secretary again read from yesterday's proceedings, as those of us who believe the measure is altogether wrong thiilk follows: it ought to be debated, and it can not be debated under the five­ Mr. ALLISO; I ask tha.t the amendments not reserved be concurred in minute rule. now, and I ask that then the bill may go over until to-morrow, allowing new The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from Arkan­ amendments to be offered in the Senate, the amendment suggested by the Senator from Minnesota and others, where notice is given to-night, and that sas withdraw his point of order? the debate upon those amendments shall be by unanimous consent under the Mr. JONES of Arkansas. I withdraw it. five-minute rule, so that we may to-morrow within a reasonable hour finally Mr. VEST. I wish to state to the Senator from Arkansas dispose of the bill. that possibly he is mistaken as to the general agreement. I The PRESIDING* *OFFICER. *Is there objection* to• the request"' of the *Senator objected to the consideration of this amendment when it was from Iowa? offered in the Senate recently by the Senator from Wyoming, * * • * * * • and I think the Senator from Kansas [Mr. PEFFER] objected at The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Chair will ask again, Is the request of the the same time, and insisted that he wanted to debate it. Then Senator from Iowa agreed to? Is there objection to it? The Chair hears the chairman of the committee raised the point of order, because none, and it is so ordered. he said he would object to any amendment that would elicit dis- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Chair understand cussion. · · that the Senator from Pennsylvania withdraws the amendment? Last night my friend from Kentucky [Mr. BLACKBURN] asked Mr. QUAY. I call the attention of the Senator from Iowa to me to withdraw the point of order, and I agreed to do so for my­ the fact that there was no amendment made as in Committee of self, but of course I did not undertake to bind any other Senator, the Whole in this case, the amendment having been voted down. and I do not want that understood. I am only one Senator, and But I withdraw the amendment. I acted for myself. I told the Senator from Kentucky I would The PRESIDING OFFICER. The amendment is withdrawn. withdraw the point of order, and I intend to observe that agree­ The bill is in the Senate and still open to amendment. ment, not to raise the point of order myself. That is all of it. Mr. CAREY. I ask unanimous consent to offer an amendment Mr. JONES of Arkansas. I was present in the Senate last to come in on page 71 of the bill. night until time of its adjournment, and if !had understood that ThcPRESIDING OFFICER. The amendment will be stated. there was any agreement that a point of order should not be The CHIEF CLERK. On page 71, after line 3, insert the fol­ raised, and yet that we were to conduct whatever debate was to lowing: be had under the five-minute rule, I would not have agreed to That the boundaries of the Yellowstone National Park, as now fixed by sec­ what was agreed to last night. But Senators here tell me that tion 2474 of the Revised Statutes, shall hereafter be as follows: Beginning at a point on the forty-fifth parallel of north latitude where said parallel is inter­ there was an agreement of that sort, and I am willing to abide sected by the western boundary of the State of Wyoming; thence due east by what was done, although it was a misapprehension on my to the easterly or right bank of the Yellowstone River; thence up said bank part. The amendment can not be debated justly and fairly under of said river at high-water mark to the mouth of the East Fork of Yellow­ stone River (sometimes called Lamar River); thence up the ri:t.h,t or north­ the five-minute rule. erly bank at high-water mark, of the East Fork of Yellowstone .tdver (some­ Mr. BLACKBURN. As I have been alluded to in connection times can'ed Lamar River) to the intersection of said stream with the parallel with the arrangement or agreement which was had, I desire for of 44° 50' north latitude; thence east along said parallel to the meridian of 110° west longitude; thence due south to the parallel of 44° 45' north latitude; myself to say that the Senator from Arkansas is altogether at thence due east along said parallel to the meridian of 109° 45' west longitude; liberty to make his point of order, if he desires. I do not want thence due south along said meridian to the forty-fourth parallel of north to have him stand bound by any arrangement of the effect of latitude· thence due west along said parallel to the right or west bank of Snake :River; thence north along said right bank to its intersection with which he was not cognizant at the time. Lewis River; thence due west to the west boundary of the State of Wyoming; Mr. HARRIS. The arrangement, I understand, waa a pri­ thence dne north along said boundary line of Wyoming to the place of begin­ vate arrangement between two or more Senators. ing· and it shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Interior to cause an ac­ cm·ate survey to be made of the boundary lines of said park as established by Mr. BLACKBURN. But it was supplemented, as I think the this act, and to cause the boundaries to be plainly marked, SlJ:id .survey to be RECORD will show when the RECORD shall be printed, by the recorded in the omces of the surveyor-general and CommissiOner of the fact that after the arrangement had been effected between the General Land O!Hce of the United States, as provided by law. Senator from Missouri and myself I gave notice that this amend­ That all of the Territory embrace~ within the limits of the park as herein described is hereby reserved and withdrawn from settlement, occupancy, ment would be offered to-day undor the conditions already agreed or sale under the laws of the United States, and dedicated and set a par~ as a upon as to other amendments. There was no objection made to public park for the benefit andenjoymentofthe people of the United States. And all lands heretofore included in said park, not included in the park as that. But I do not want any Senator to be stripped of any herein defined., and all lands adjoining said park as herein defined which rights or privileges that he has; and if the Senator from Arkan­ have been heretofore reserved are hereby returned to the public domain, to sas desires to make his point of order he is at perfect liberty to be disposed of under the land laws of the United States. do it. I would not have him precluded from that right by rea­ Mr. JONES of Arkansas. This amendment must certainly in~ son of any arrangement or quasi arrangement that may have volve considerable debate. It can not be debated under the five­ been had last night. minute rule, and I make the point of order against it. Mr. HARRIS. The point of my sugge~tion was simply this: The PRESIDING OFFICER. What is the grounaof the point There was no unanimous consent agreement of the Senate in re­ of order? spect to this matter except the one asked by the Senator from Mr. JONES of Arkansas. That it is general legislation. Iowa. Hence no Senator is bound by a private understanding ThePRESIDINGOFFIGER. The point of order is sustained. between two or more Senators. Mr. CAREY. I should like before the Chair rules-·- Mr. VEST. That is true; but at the same time it is true that The PRESIDING OFFICER. The point of order is not de­ the Senator from Kentucky gave this notice, and it was the last batable. thing done at our session last night. He said he reserved the Mr. CAREY. I do not desire to appeal from the decision of amendment and would press a vote upon it. the Chair, but I want simply to call the attention of the Chair Mr. JONES of Arkansas. I am nerfectly aware that I have a to a fact in connection with this matter before the Chair makes right, if I choose todo so, to make the point of order notwith­ his ruling, if the Chair will permit me. standing what was the understanding last night; but I am the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Chair will hear the Sen­ last man to violate an agreement of this kind simply because I ator from Wyoming. did not happen to understand what the scope of it was. I will Mr. CAREY. I wish to state with reference to the Yellow­ not avail myself of the privilege of making the point of order. stone Park that all the legislation that has ever been had in re­ I will abide by the understanding made last night, and I sin­ gard to it has taken place upon appropriation bills. They are cerely hope, inasmuch as this is an important amendment to the the only bills where there has been any original legislation upon bill and one that ought not to be '{>Ut upon an appropriation bill: this subject. I do not think the amendment is general legisla­ that it will not become a part cf it. tion under the rule. Mr. HAWLEY. So far as I understand this proposed amend­ Mr. JONES of Arkansas. U the Senator will yield amomeiJ,t, ment, I am entirely opposed to it. I never heard anything about I understand there was an agreement made last night among points of order; I am involved in no obligation whatever, and I Senators as to this amendment, of which I knew nothing, that make the point of order against it. there was to be no point of order made on it. If such was the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The pointoforder is made that aO'reement, of course I withdraw the point or order, as far as I am the amendment is gener~l legislation. The Chair thinks it is concerned; but! should like to inquire whether, under the agree­ clearly so, and comes within the rule, and the point of order is ment made last night, the amendment is to be debated under the sustained. five-minute rule. Mr. CAREY. I desire to suggest to the Senator from Con­ Mr. HARRIS. All debate will be under the five-minute rule necticut that if he wishes to know about the point of order-­ on the bill. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The -point of order is not de­ Mr. CAREY. I do not think it will be necessary to debate it batable. The bill is in the Senate, and still open to amendment. for more than five minutes. The amendments were ordered to be engrossed and the bill to Mr . .JONES of Arkansas. Of course the gentlemen who de­ be read a third time. . sire to pass the amendment think it needs no debate at all; but The bill was read the third time, and passed. 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 2007

ARMY APPROPRIATION BILL. - ~ - -- least of it. The position is now held by an officer with the rank of major. The Signal Corp3 is one of the Army corps, and I do Mr. STEWART. I desire to call up for consideration there­ not want to see it degraded by cutting down its rank in this nort of the committee of conference on the Army appropriation manner. Instead of. being thus cut down it should be elevated. bill and to have a vote upon it. The question of signal corps is one now entering into the vi­ Mr. VEST. Will the Senator permit me to call up a bridge tality of armies in all civilized countries where military organi­ bill that will give rise to no debate and that must be passed at zations exist. I think the head of that corps should be a lieu~ once if at all? tenant-colonel or colonel, instead of a major, and that is the Mr. STEWART. This will take but a moment. A vote upon point I make in regard to the effect of this report. As evidence the report is all that is necessary. It is a conference report that of that I desira to say that the Military Committee of the House, we have all agreed upon. which now seems to be objecting to this, is the author of that The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Nevada calls very idea. The Military Committee of the Senate had agreed up the report of the conference committee on the Army appro­ that the officer under the act should remain with the rank of priation bill. It has been heretofore read. major, contrary to my judgment, but then the Military Commit­ Mr. STEWART. It has been read. I ask that the reporh be tee of the House introduced a bill asking that he be made a lieu­ adopted. tenant-colonel. The Senate then conformed to that desire of The report was concurred in. the Military Committee of the Home. Mr. VEST. Now, I ask again that the bridge bill I have re­ I have before me a bill introduced in the House for that pur­ ferred to be taken up and passed. pose, and this amendment of the Senate is substantially the same Mr. MORGAN. I rise to ask what is the regular order? as the bill that was ·introduced in the House on this question. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The report of the conference Yet at this time we find the House, through their committee­ committee has been adopted. and I am not here to criticise it-object to their own proposition, Mr. MANDERSON. I move to reconsider the vote by which and now come here, for some reason which we do not know, al­ the report of the conference committee on the Army appropria­ though no doubt just and proper, and satisfactory perhaps to tion bill was agreed to. I do this in order that the Senator from them and to the House, and ask us to go back upon their origi­ Tennessee [Mr. BATE] may be heard upon it if he desires, and nal proposition. Here is a bill presented by the Military Com­ that others may understand it. mit~ee, through its chairman: The motion to reconsider was agreed to. Be it enacted, etc., That whenever the office of Chief Si~PI;al Officer of the Mr. STEWART. It was suggested, when the report was Army shall become v~cant there shall thereafter be a ch1e! signal officer of the Army with the rank, pay, and allowances of a lieutenant-colonel, which brought in, that the committee had not sufficiently insisted upon omce shall be filled by regular promotion in the Signal Corps: Provided, the Senate amendment. The matter has been delayed now for That at the same time one of the offices of first lieutenant in the Signal Corps several days to see if further arrangements could be made. If shall be a.bolished and discontinued. they could have been made, we would have withdrawn tbe re­ That was their bill, and they made a favorable report upon it. port for that purpose. Not only the Senate conferees, but sev­ If we were to substitute this amendment, it would be a substitute eral other Senators have been trying to change the arrange­ for the action of the Military Committee of the House. We ment as to the two points in question. have had this amendment made in this bill to conform to the . The first was to reduce the rank of the Chief Signal Officer to idea of the Military Committee of the House as presented in its lieutenant-colonel. The Senate amendmeiJt provided for pro­ bill, and now we are asked to withdraw our amendment. motions, after the proposed reduction, according to rank. The I think it is proper that we should have a higher grade than House wanted to have it by selection. We could not agree, and major for the head of the Signal Corps. Why? We have several finally the Senate conferees receded from the whole amendment, corps in the Army. There are more officers in the Signal Corps leaving it as it is. than in some of the others, notably in the inspectors' corps and The other point was as to the pay of sergeants. The Senate pro­ the' judge-advocates' corps; one of them has seven and the other nosed to increase their pay to $30 a month, their pay now being has eight officers, while this one has nine. The Signal Corps is $22 a month. The House conferees agreed to extend the pay to a growing organization: and should be fostered and cared fm~; $25 per month, and they tell us that if the bill were to go back it should not be degraded by cutting down the rank of the chief there with $30 as the pay it would probably result in striking out officer and allowing no promotion of the other officers of the corps the whole amendment. They will make no concession. We can in this style. do no better, We want a vote on the conference report. If it I ask that the report of the committee of conference be not can not be adopted, let it go back for another conference, but I agreed to, and that the committee go back and try again, and want to have the Senate act upon it. bring these facts to the attention of the House Military Com­ Mr. SAWYER. May I ask the Senator from Nevada what mittee, or rather to those who represent the House in confer­ the law now is, whether the provision as to the promotion of the ence committee, and thus show that we are in conformity with Chief Signal Officer changes the existing law? that which was recommended to the House by its Military Com­ Mr. STEWART. It does not change the law; it leaves it as mittee in regard to this matter. It seems to me to be out of it now js. There is no amendment in regard to it. The con­ time and out of taste to now put that corps down below the grade ferees can not agree upon the amendment. of lieutenant-colonel. I, for one, thought it should be a col­ Mr. MANDERSON. So far as I am concerned, while I am ex­ onelcy, and I do not know that the rank of brigadier-general ceedingly anxious that the proposition placed on the bill by the would be too high when we consider the object, the necessity, Senate should be adhered to in conference, I simply d~sire to and future of this organization. It may be, Mr. President, have it well understood that the effort spoken of by the Senator that the chiefs of some of the other corps should be lowered in from Nevada has been made. rank and made colonels. I consider it a matt'"'r of very great importance as an econom­ Another thing that the House committee seem to desire is that ical movement that when the present head of the Signal Office re­ tho appointment of the chief officer of this corps should be made tires he shall not be succeeded by an officer with the rank of brig­ by selection instead of promotion. But I say that would be un­ adier-general. I think a blunder was made in the first instance ju~tto these men who are there, to deprive them of their right in giving that degree of rank to that office. As it became one of promotion in that way. This corps is the only corps of the of diminished power and diminished duty, it seemed to me that Army whose officers have been placed in their present rank after there was all the more reason why the rank of the Chief Signal competitive examination by a board appointed by the Secretary Officer should be reduced after the expiration of the term of of War. That examination placed these officers of the Signal se1:;-vice of Gen. Greely. Corps in the grade they now hold. That I consider the more important, perhaps, of the two prop­ Now, after having undergone that examination, the disposi­ ositions over which there has been a contention. But, being tion seems to be to make appointments by selection, so bhat the well satisfied from what has been said by the Senator from Ne­ President will appoint, and thus do away with this competitive vada that every effort has been made since this matter was last examination. I say that is unjust to these men who have these considered to bring about a reconciliation and agreement in con­ places, and therefore I contend there should be an inducement ference, I am content that a vote shall be taken and the report held ou.t to these officers that they may seek promotion to a concurred in. lieutenant-oolonelcy or colonelcy, at the head of this corps, as is Mr. BATE. Mr. President, I care to say but little on this sub­ the case with the other corps, and as it is with the entire Army ject, but I do desire to say that, while I agree with the Senator up to the grade of colonel. - Every other corps, I believe, has a from Nevada [Mr. MANDERSON] in regard to the retirement of brigadier-general at its head except this, and I think this corps Brig. Gen. Greely at the expiration of his term of service, as in­ should not be degraded in this way. Therefore I think the com­ dicated in this bill, from the head of the Signal Corps, yet I mittee of conference should try again upon this question. think that in accordance with the terms of a bill presented by · Mr. STEWART. Mr.President,thisisnewlegislationwhich the MilitaryCommittee of the House the rank upon his retire­ under all ordinary circumstances would have been left to the ment ought to be increased to a lieutenant-colonelcy, to say the Committees on Military AffaiJ·s of the two Houses to be passed 2008 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 22,

upon in a separate bill; but it was supposed that those commit­ The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read tees were in entire harmony, and so the Committee on Appro­ the third time, ~nd passed. priations put the amendment on under what they supposed to be the understanding and desire of the committees of both Houses, DIPL01IATIC AND CONSULAR APPROPRIATION BILL. and that there would be no controversy about it. Mr. HALE. I move that the Senate proceed to the consider­ When we came into conference, however, we found that there ation of the diplomatic and consular appropriation bill. was no agreement, and could be none, as to the form in which Mr. HUNTON... Will the Senator from Maine yield to me to the amendment should be made. To send the report back for ask for the present censideration of a bill which went over on new legislation, when the military committees of the two Houses his objection? are not agreed, would be simply a waste of time. I hope that Mr. HALE. I can not do that now. the report will be adopted. It does not change the existing or­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is on the motion der of things. There is no vacancy in the Signal Corps now, and of the Senator from Maine. probably will not be for some years, the way matters now stand. The motion was agreed to; and the Senate , as in Committee of At this stao-e of the session it seems to me it would be hardly the Whole, proceeded to consider the bill (H.R.10267) making worth whil~ to send it back and try to have a further conference appropriations for the diplomatic and consular service of the u~on it. United States for the fiscal year ending June 30, 189±. :Mr. BATE. I think the Senator from Nevana ought not to Mr. HALE. I ask that the formal reading of the bill ba dis­ make that point, b ~ cause the Committee on Appropriations did­ pensed with, and that the amendments reported by the Commit­ accept the amendment suggested by the Military Committee tee on Appropriations may be acted upon in their order as they and made it a part of the bill, and he being a member of that are reached in the reading of the bill. committee I do not think he ought to make a point of order The PRESIDING OFFICER. That course will be p:1rsued which would cut out his own action. in the absence of objection. The Chair hears nona, and it is so The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Tennessee ordered. moves that the report be recommitted to the committee of con­ ference. EXECUTIVE SESSION. The motion was not agreed to. Mr. HALE. Now I move that the Senate proceed to the con­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question recurs upon the sideration of executive business. adoption of the report. The motion was agreed to; and the Senate proceeded to the The report was concurred in. consideration of executive busine.:;s. After two hours and forty MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. minutes spent in executive session the doors were reopaned, and (at 5 o'clock and 40 minutes p.m.) the Senate adjom·ned until A massacre from the House of Representatives, by Mr. T. 0. to-morrow, Thursday, February 23, 1893, at 11 o'clock a.m. TOWLES its Chief Clerk, announced that the House had passed a bill (H: R. 10349) making appropriations for the service of the Post-Office Department for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1894, CONFIRMATION. in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate. 1\ITSSISSIPPI RIVER BRIDGE AT ST. LOlliS. Executive nomination confirmed by the S enateit'ebruary 18,1899. Mr. VEST. I now ask unanimous consent to take up the bridge ASSOCIATE JUSTICE OF THE SUPREME COURT. bill to which I have referred. I should not do so if it were not Howell E. Jackson, of Tennessee, to be a~ sociate justice of the a matter of such exigency that it must be attended to at once. Supreme Court of the United States. The PRESIDING OF..B,ICER. Is there objection to the re­ quest of the Senator from Missouri? PROMOT'IONS IN THE ARMY. Mr. MORGAN. I have no objection to the taking up of that Infanby arrn. bill, but I should be glad that the Chair would lay before the Senate the regular order. Corp!. John F. Stephens, Company B, Eleventh Infantry, to The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Chair understands there be Eecond lieutenant. is no unfinished business. The regular order is the bill (S. 3030) Second Lieut. H enry C. Keene, jr., Twenty-fourth Infantry, to provide for the allotment of lands among the several Indian to be first lieutenant. tribes in the Quapaw Agency, in the Indian Territory, and for Cavalry a1·-m. the sale of surplus lands of such tribes; and for the creation of First Lieut. Edwin P. Andrus, Fifth Cavalry, to be captain. the countY. of Cayuga, in the Territory of Oklahoma, and for other Second Lieut. Jesse Mel. Carter, Third Cavalry, to be first purposes. lieutenant. Mr. MORGAN. I wish to inquire whether or not the Nicara­ gua Canal bill has been displa~ed as the· regular order? INDIAN AGE~T. Mr. HARRIS. It was displaced several days ago. Charles A.- Ruffee, of Brainerd, Minn., to be agent for the In­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Chair is informed that the dians of the White Earth Agency in Minnesota. bill to which the Senator from Alabama refers has been displaced as the regular order. SECRETARY CLAIMS COMMISSION BETWEEN UNITED STATES Mr. HALE. I wish to give notice that after the disposition AND CHILE. of the bill which the Senator from Missouri [Mr. VEST] desires Arthur W. Fergusson, of the District of Columbia., to be sec-: to have considered, I shall ask the Senate to take up the dip­ retary on the part of the United States undt:>r the treaty for a plomatic and consular appropriation bill, and in deference to a claims commission concluded between the United States and notice heretofore given by the Senator from Alabama [Mr. MOR­ Chile, August 7, 1892. GAN] I shall then move to go into executive session, and shall ask to proceed with the appropriation bill subsequently. . AGENT CLAIMS COMMISSION BETWEEN UNITED STATES AND Mr. MORGAN. I should prefer that the Senator from M-Is­ CHILE. souri should have a chance to have his bill considered and passed George H. Shields, of Missouri, to be agent of the Un~d before that is done. States under the treaty for a claims commission concluded be­ Mr. HALE. I have so stated, that as soon as the bill of the tween the United States and Chile, August 7, 1892. Senator from Missouri is completed, I shall move to take up the appropriatiun bill. POSTMASTERS. '.rhe PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there objection to there­ quest of the Senator from Missouri for the consideration of the AndrewS. Ellingson, to ba postmaster at Northwooi : in the county of Gr:and Forks and State of Nor th D ako~. . bill named by him? . . . Miss Adelia M. Bar rows, to be postmaster at Hmsdale, m the There being no object10n, the Sen.ate, as m Commit~~ of the Whole, proceeded to consider the bill (S. 3876) author1zmg. the countv of Cheshire and State of New H ampshire. St. Louis and Madison Transfer Company to construct a bndge Mrs. A. V. Weaver, to be postmaster at Colfax, in the county over the Mississippi River. . · . of Jasper and State of Iowa. The bill was reported from the Committee on Commerce with Harry A. Ferguson, to be p03tmaster at Colora::l. o Spr ings, in an amendment in s :: ction 5, line 1, before the word "channel," the county of El Pa'3o and Stat3 of Colorado. to insert" the;" so as to r ead: Seth W. Collins, to b3 postmaster at McComb, in the county of Pike and State of Mississippi. That in case the approaches to the chg.nnel span in said bridge, etc. Jason B. Root, to be po3tmaster at Oakes, in the county of The amendment was agreed to. Dickey and State of North Dakota. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the Oscar D. Purinton, to ba postmaster at Cooperstown, in the amendment was concurred in. county of Griggs and Stat3 of North Dakota. 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2009.

' HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Mr. JONES. I shall be glad to do so. Mr. Speaker, this Sen­ ate joint resolution does not appropriate one dollar. As long WEDNESDAY, February 22, 1893. ago as 1881 there was a resolution passed by Congress appropri-. ating the sum of $30,000 for the purpose of erecting a monument The House met at 11 o'clock a. m. Prayer by the Chaplain, to mark the birthplace of Washington, upon the farm called Rev. W. H. MILBURN, D. D. Wakefield, in the county of Westmoreland, on the Potomac The SPEAKER. The Clerk will read the Journal of yester­ River, and about 75 miles below this city. Congress had previ­ day's proceedings. ously appropriated the sumof$3,000, buti~June, 18.81, the amount Mr. KILGORE. Mr. Speaker, I make the point that there is was increased to $30,000. The resolutwn provided that the no quorum present. money should be expended under the direction of the Secretary The SPEAKER. The Clerk will call the roll. of State. The Clerk proceeded to call the roll. The Ron. William M. Evarts, then Secretary of State, made a Mr. KILGORE (during the call). I withdraw the point of no visit to Wakefield, where he ascertained that the monument, or quorum. memorial building, as he proposed, could not be erected save at Mr. WARNER. I renew it. great additional expense until a wharf was built to convey the Mr. WILSON of Kentucky. I make the point that there is material t.o the shore, the river there being very shoal, so much no quorum present. so that small river craft are unable to approach nearer than to The Clerk resumed the call. within a thousand feet of the bank. Subsequently Mr. Evarts's Mr. WARNER. I withdraw the point of no quorum. successor, Secretary Frelinghuysen, called the attention of Presi­ The SPEAKER. The point of no quorum being withdrawn, dent Arthur to the matter, and he sent a special message to Con­ the Journal will be read. gress urging that an additional amount be appropriated for the The Clerk resumed the reading. construction of a wharf and roadway as a means of approach to Mr. SPRINGER (during the reading). Mr. Speaker, I ask the monument to be erected at Wakefield to mark the birth- unanimous consent that the further reading of the Journal ba place of Washington. - dispensed with and that it be approved. From that day to this nothing was done with the matter save M.r. KILGORE. Mr. Speaker, I do not think that has ever to purchase something less than 20 acres of ground, including been done in my experience in Congress. the birthplace, the vault which contains the remains of the The SPEAKER. Objection is made. immediate ancestry of Washington, and a roadway 50 feet wide The Clerk resumed and completed the reading of the Journal, and about a mile and a half in length, and to S'3cure a clear title which was then approved. to the prop~rty. Washington's birthplace is now only marked REPORT OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE. bv a ruined hearthstone and a chimney.· ~The property is in a most neglected condition, and the Secre­ The SPEAKER laid before the House the following message tary of State, under whose direction this money must be ex­ from the President of the United States; which was read, re­ pended, has been unable to do anything for the want of a wharf. ferred to the Committee on Coinage, Weights, ani Measures, Mr. WILLIAM A. STONE. 'l'he money which this bill pro­ and ordered to be printed. · poses to expend is a part of theoriginalappropri.ationof $30,000? To the Senate and House of Representatives: Mr. JONES. The object of this joint resolution is simply to I transmit herewith a. communication of the Secretary of State, trans­ mittin"' the o1Hcia.l report of the American delegates to the International allow the Secretary of State to use a part of the existing appr

- \ 2010 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 22,

ST. CHARLES COLLEGE. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gen­ Mr. NORTON. I ask unanimous consent for the present con­ tleman from Virginia? sideration of the bill (S. 30) for the relief of St. Charles College. There being no objection, the joint resolution was ordered to The bill was read. a third reading; and being read the third time, was passed. Mr. SIMPSON. I hope the report will be read or that some On motion of Mr. BUCHANAN of Virginia, amotion to recon­ explanation of this measure will be made. sider the last vote was laid on the table. Mr. HOLMAN. Let us hear the report. THOMAS KERGON. The report was read. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gen­ Mr. BLANCHARD. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent tleman from Missouri [Mr. NORTON]? to pass the resolution I send to the desk. Mr. SIMPSON. I shall have to object. The SPEAKER, The resolution will be read, subject to ob­ jection. · KENTUCKY STATE MILITIA. The Clerk read as follows: 11r. WILSON of Kentucky. I ask unanimous consent for the ],'.,solved, That the bill (H. R. 688) for t.he relief of Thomas Kergon, together consideration of the bill (H. R.l046'7) granting pensions to cer­ with all the accompanying papers, be, and the same is hereby, referred to tain battalions of Kentucky State militia. the Court of Claims, in pursuance of the provisions of an act approved Ma.rch 3, 1883, and an act to provide for the bringing of suits against; the Govern­ The bill was read. ment of the United States, approved March 3, 1887, to find and report to the .1\fr. LIVINGSTON. I would like to amend by putting in the House the facts bearing upon the merits of the claim, and all other facts Confederate troops. contemplated by the provisions of said a.ct. The SPEAKER, Is there objection to the present considera­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the present considera­ tion of this bill? tion of the resolution? Mr. KILGORE. I object. Mr. KILGORE. I object. VIRGINIA AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE FUND. , ORDER OF BUSINESS. Mr. BUCHANAN of Virginia. I ask unanimous consent for the present consideration of the joint resolution (S. R.l21) au­ Mr. HENDERSON of North Carolina. Mr. Speaker, I call thorizing payment, under act of August 30, 1890, to the State of for the regular order. Virginia, upon the assent of the governor, heretofore given, till 111'. PICKLER. I hope the gentleman will withhold the de­ adjournment of next session of the Legislature thereof. mand for a· short time. The joint resolution was read, as follows: Mr. HENDERSON of North Carolina. We have gone on for Whereas the recent Legisl11oture of Virginia., through a misunderstanding three-quarters of an hour now with unanimous consents, and with the Department of the Interior, adjourned without giving the assent there can not be more than one or two more anyway. required by the act of Congress app1·oved August 30, 1820, entitled "An act Mr. PICKLER. I have a bill that will take but a very little to apply a portion of the proceeds of the public lands to the more complete endowment and support of the colleges of agriculture and the mechanic time. arts, established under the proYisions of an act of Congress approved July Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. I have one thatwill take much 2, 1862:" Therefore, less time. [Laughter.] . Resolved by the Senate and Hm&ae of Rep1·esentatwes, etc., That payments from the appropriation of said act may continue to be made to the State of Vir· Mr. HENDERSON of North Carolina. I withdraw the de­ ginia, upon the assent of the governor, heretofore given, till t.he adjourn­ mand for the present. ment or the next regular session of the Legislature of said State. CIDCAGO,ROCK ISLANDAND PACIFIC RAILWAY COMPANY. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the present considera- tion of this joint resolution? Mr. PICKLER. I ask unanimous consent, Mr. Speaker, for Mr. HOLMAN. I think the report should be read. the present consideration of the bill (S. 3'702) granting to the Mr. BUCHANAN of Virginia. The report is very short-­ Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway Company the use of The SPEAKER. If there be no objection, the report will be certain lands at Chickasha Station, and for a "Y" in the Chick­ read, the right to object being reserved. · asaw Nation, Indian Territory. Mr. BLANCHARD. Let the gentleman from Virginia make The SPEAKER. The bill will be read subject to objection. a statement. The bill was read, as follows: The SPEAKER. If there be no objection the gentleman from Be it enacted, etc., That the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway Com­ Virginia will make a brief explanation. pany, a corporation created under and by virtue of the laws of the States of Illinois and Iowa, 1s hereby granted the right to use for railroad purposes Mr. BUCHANAN of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, the condition of two additional strips of land, each 100 feet in width, lying on each sfde of this agricultural college fund is this-- the ground selected for station purposes, under act of Congress, at Chick­ Mr. HOLMAN. If there is a report I hope it will be read. asha Station, in the Chickasaw Nation, Indian Territory; and said railway company is also granted a right of way 1.500 feet in length for a "Y" in sec­ The SPEAKER. The Clerk will read the report. tions 21 and 22, township 7 north, range 7 west of Indian meridian, said The report (by Mr. BUCHANAN of Virginia) was read, as fol­ right of way to be of a width of 300 feet for a distance of 400 feet, and for the lows: remaining 1,100 feet the width shall be 100 feet. The amount of compensa· tion to be paid to the Chickasaw Nation or tribe of Indians for such appro- The Committeeon theJudiciary, to which was referred the joint resolution . priation of land and right of way shall be ascertained and determined in the (S. R. 121) authorizing payment, under act of August 30, 1890, to the State of manner provided for the determination of the compensaW.on to be paid to in­ Vir~rinia, upon the assent of the governor, heretofore given, till the adjourn­ dividual occupants of lands, as provided in section 3 cf an act entitled "An ment of the next session of the Legislature of said State, has had the same act to grant the right of way through the Indian Territory to the Chicago, under consideration, and reports the same back to the House with the rec­ Kansas and Nebraska Railway Company, and for other purposes," approved ommendation that it do pass. March 2, 1887: Provtded, 'l'hat said strips of lands and the lands included in The reason why it should pass are given in the preamble to the said reso­ the said" Y" shall be subject to all the conditions, restrictions, and limita­ lution. tions contained in the said act of Congress last mentioned. Mr. HOLMAN. I think there should be some statement fur­ Mr. HOLMAN. I do not think this bill ought to pass without ther than that furnished by the report. some further consideration. Let the report be read. Mr. BUCHANAN of Virginia. I ask consent, Mr. Speaker, Mr. PICKLER. This is onl( to allow this railroad company to make a brief explanation. the use of certain lands for a ' Y." Under the law passed at a former session of Congress in 1890 The SPEAKER. The report will be read subject to objec­ certain money was given to the agricultural colleges in each tion. State; and it was directed to be paid out the first year without The report (by Mr. HARVEY) was read, as follows: the assent of the Legislature, but after that with the assent of The Committee on Indian Afrairs, having had under consideration the bill the Legislature. (S. 3702) granting to the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway Company By reason of some misunderstanding between the Legislature the use of certain lands at Chickasha Station, and for a "Y" in the Chicka­ of Virginia and the Secretary of the Interior, as to how this sum saw Nation, Indian Territory, find that additional grounds are necessary for railroad purposes at the points named in said bill. should be divided between the schools, the Legislature failed to Your committee further find that the interests in the Chickasaw Nation act. Since then the Secretary of the Interi01· and the governor and of individual occupants are fully protected by its provisions, and rec­ of the State have agreed upon the division, as to how much was ommend that the bill do pass. to be given to the colored and the white schools respectively; Mr. PICKLER. This has been recommended by the Secre­ and this merely authorizes the Secretary of the Interior to pay tary of the Treasury, passed the Senate, and contains all of the to Virginia her share of the agricultural land fund for their provisions that are necessary for the protection of the Govern­ schools in order that they may not be deprived of this fund for ment and the Indians. the coming year. · There being no objection, the bill was considered, ordered to Our Legislature does not meet until next December, and in a third reading, and being read the third time, was pa.ssed. the meantime the schools need the money. Representatives On motion of Mr. PICKLER, a motion to reconsider the last from the white schools are here asking this action, as well as vote was laid on the table. from the colored schools, and this simply is an act of justice to apportion the money between the schools acco·rding to the in­ TITLE TO CERTAIN PROPER'l'Y, CRAWFORDSVILLE, IND. tent of the original law. Mr. BROOKSHIRE. I ask unanimous consent for the present ·.

1893. CONGRESSIONAL _RECORD-HOUSE. 2011 consideration of the bill (H. R. 8677) to remove a cloud from the Mr. SIMPSON. I hopB the report will be read. title to certain real estate in the city of Crawfordsville, Ind. The SPEAKER. The report is quite long. Perhaps the gen­ The SPEAKER. The bill will be read subject to objection. tleman from Ohio [Mr. PATTISON] can make an explanation. The bill was readf as follows: Mr. PATTISON of Ohio. If the gentleman will permit me one word I can explain the entire matter. This is simply to au­ Be it enacted. etc., That the United S~ates hereby releases and ~tclaims all its right, title, and interest, if any 1t has, to the following-descrlbed real thorize the Commissioner of the General Land Office to issue a estate in the city of Crawfordsville. in Montgomery County, State of Indiana, patent to quiet the title to about 400 acres of land! the persons to wit: Part of the northwest quarter of section 5, township 18 north, ran~e 4 owning the land having been iri up disputed possession since 1804. west, beginning at a. point on Water street, in the city of C~awfordsville, Ind. eo feet south of the southeast corner of lot numbered 8. m block n~­ Mr. McMILLIN. Mr. Speaker, let us either have the report bered 21, in J. Wilson's addition to the town (now city) of Crawfordsville, read or else let the gentleman speak louder, so that we can Ind., thence south 385feet, thence west 177 feet, thence north 395 feet, thence east 177feettoplace of beginning. hear his statement. The Committ-ee on the Judic1a.ry recommend the following amendment: Mr. PATTISON of Ohio. I say, Mr. Speaker, this is merely a Strike out the name "J. Wilson," in line 11, and insert "Israel T. Canby " bill for the quieting of title to 40U acres of land contained in one The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gen­ of the original surveys of Ohio, in Brown County, the survey tleman from Indiana? having been made in 180±, and the occupants having had undis­ Mr. BELTZHOOVER. Is there a report accompanying the puted possession ever since. This bill is simply introduced for bill? the purpose of quieting the title. There is no dispute about The SPEAKER. There is. possession. Mr. BELTZHOOVER. I think we ought to have it read, or Mr. McMILLIN. If the title is not sought to be disturbed, some information as to what this bill does. why do you want to quiet it? Mr. BROOKSHIRE. This is to correct an indefinite descrip­ Mr. PATTISON of Ohio. I will ask for the reading of the tion of this land made in 1847. The Solicitor of the Treasury report, which will explain the whole case. There is no dispute recommends the passage of the bill, and it is unanimouslY. re­ about it at ~11, but it will save time to have the report read. ported from the Committee on the Judiciary. The report [by Mr. HARE] was read as follows: Mt'. SIMPSON. It is simply descriptive of the land? The Committee on the Public Lands, to whom was referred House bill 8518, Mr. BROOKSHIRE. Yes, sir. . report thereon as follows: M r . BELTZHOOVER. I take the statement of the gentleman On the 4th day of June, 1783, a land warrant (No. 938) for 7,000 acres was issued by the State of Vir~inia to Mace Clements for services by him ren­ instead of the reading of the report. dered as a surgeon of the Vrrginia Line on Continental establishment in the There being no objection, the amendment recommended by war of the Revolution. the committee was adopted; and the bill as amended ordered to Afterwards, in August, 1787, a part of this warrant, to wit, 1,000 acres, was be engrossed and read a third time; and being engrossed, it was located by, and subsequently, on the 17th day of November, 1787, surveyed for said Mace Clements in the Virginia military district, on or near Eagle accordino-ly read the third time, and passed. Creek, now in Brown County, in the State of Ohio. On motion of Mr. BROOKSHIRE, a motion to reQ9nsider the '!'his survey was duly returned to the office of the principal surveyor of the Virginia military district at Chillicothe, Ohio, and was recorded in the last vote was laid on the table. proper book of surveys of said district in said oftlce, but was never returned MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE. to the General Land O.!ilce, nor was any patent ever issued therefor. On June 2, 1804, Nathaniel Massie conveyed 600 acres of the lands embraced A message from the Senate, by Mr. McCooK, its Secretary, in said survey to Ignatius Mitchell, and on the same day the remaining 400 announced that the Senate had passed bill and joint resolution of acres of said lands to John Espy, reciting in his deeds of conveyance of said lands that the same were parts of a certain tract of 1,000 acres granted to the following titles; in which the concurrence of the House was him by pa.tem dated August 30, 1803. requested: There is no other evidence that a patent was issued for any of said lands, A bill (S. 3725) authorizing the construction of a free bridge but ever since said 2d da.y of June, 180i, the lands embraced in said survey, across the Arkansas River, connecting Little Rock and Argenta; which was numbered 386, have been in the open, notorious, exclusive, con- . tinned, and adverse possession of said Nathaniel Massie and those claiming J and title through or under him. Joint resolution (S. R.157) authorizing the Secretary of War By the limitation prescribed in the act of March 3, 1885 (10 Stats. at Large, to receive for instruction at the Military Academy at West Point, 701), the time for filing surveys and obtaining patents for surveys upon entries made prior to January 1, 1852, expire at the end of two years from Alberto Guirola. the passage of said act, and there is not now under any law of the United. State authority to issue a patent upon this survey. MACE CLEMENTS'S SURVEY, 386, VIRGINIA MILITARY DISTRICT By the act of Congress approved February 18, 1871 (16 Stats. at Large, 416). OF OHIO. the lands in the Virginia military district remaining "unsurveyed and un­ sold" were ceded to the State of Ohio. and such lands were subsequently, by Mr. PATTISON of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous con-• an act of the General Assembly of Ohio, granted and transfetred to the Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College, afterwards and now the Ohio State sent·for the present consideration of the bill (H~ R. 8518) to au­ University. (70 Ohio Laws, 108.) thorize the Commissioner of the General Land Office to issue a If the legal effect of the act of CoDoo-ress above referred to was to transfer patent for Mace Clements's survey numbered 386, in the Virginia to the State or Ohio the.lands embraced in this Mace Clements_survey, then these lands became by said act of the Legislature of Ohio the property of the Military Distric~ of Ohio. Ohio State University, and Ccngress could afford no relief. The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the bill, after which But in view of the controversy that arose between the university and the the Chair will ask if there be objection. occupants of other lands claimed to be within the grant of said act or Feb­ The Clerk read as follows: ruary 18, 1871, Congress, on the 21th of May, 1880, passed au act "to construe and define" said act (21 Stat. L., 142), in which last-mentioned act it was pro­ Whereas on the 4th day of June, 1783, a land warrant for 7,000 acres was vided that the true intent and meaning of said act of 1871 was " to cede to the issued by the State of Virginia to Mace Clements for services rendered by State of Ohio only such lands as were unappropriated and not included in him as a surgeon of the Continental line in the war of the Revolution; and any survey or entry within said district, whlch survey or entry was founded Whereas on the 17th day of November, 1787, and the 26th day of March, upon military warrant or warrants upon Continental establishment." 1788, 1,000 acres of said land warrant were located and surveyed for said It would appear from this construction put upon the act of 1871 by Cong1·ess Mace Clements near Eagle Creek, in Brown County, in said district, and re­ itself that the legal title to this 1,000 acres embraced in the Mace Clements turned to the oftlce of the principal surveyor of the Virginia :Military Dis­ sm·vey is still in the United States, inasmuch as it does not appear that a trict. at Chillicot}le, Ohio, and recorded in the proper book of surveys of patent was ever issued. said district in said oftlce, and numbered therein 386; and But to remove all question and to have their title quieted as against any Wbe1·eas on the 2d day of June, 180i, one Nathaniel Massie conveyed 600 claim arising under the act of 1871, the present owners of this land, in 1882, acres, a part of said survey, to Ignatius Mitchell, and on the same day the brought an action in the court of common pleas of Brown County, Ohio, remaining 400 acres of said survey to John Espy, reciting in his deeds of con­ against the trustees of said Ohio State University, and also against the un­ veyance therefor that the same were parts of a certain tract of 1,000 acres known heirs of Mace Clements and the unknown heirs of Nathaniel Massie, granted to him by patent bearing date the 30th day of August, 1803; and and after notice and hearing obtained therein a. decree as prayed in their pe­ Whereas said patent is not recorded and can not now be found; and tition. Whereas since said 2d day of June, 1804. the lands embraced in said Mace By an act of Congress approved August 7, 1882 (22 Stat. L., 348), relating to Clements's survey, numbered 386, have been in the open, notorious, uninter­ land in the Virginia military district, it was provided as follows: rupted, and adverse possession of said Nathaniel Massie and those claiming '"l'hatany person in the actual, open possession of any tract of land in the from, through, and under him; and Virginia military district of the State of Ohio, under claim and color of title Whereas on the 20th day of April, 1883, in a proper proceeding then pending made in good faith, ba.sed upon or deducible from entry of any tract of land in the court of common pleas of Brown County, Ohio, and numbered in said within said district, founded upon military warrant upon Continental estab­ court 7220, the title to the lands embraced in said survey was qu1eted as lishment, and a. record of which entry was duly made in the oftlce of the against the unknown heirs of said Mace Clements, the unknown heirs of principal surveyor of the Virginia military district, either before or since Nathaniel Massie, and the trustees of the Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical its r emoval to Chillicothe, Ohio, prior to January 1, 1852, such possession College, now the Ohio State University, in favor of the persons then owning having continued for twenty years last past, under a. claim of title on the and occupying said lanas: '.rherefore, part of said party either as entryman or of his or her grantors, or of parties Be tt enacted, etc., That the Commissioner of the General Land O.!ilce of the by or under whom such party claims by purchase or inheritance, and they United States be, and he is hereby, authorized and directed to issue the pat­ by title based upon or deducible from such entry by tax sale or otherwise, ent of the United States granting the lamlsembraced and described in Mace shall be deemed and held to be the legal owner of such lands so included in Clements's survey, numbered 386, in the Virginia. military district, in the said entry, to the extent and according to the purport of said entry or of his State of Ohio, as the same is bounded in the report of said survey returned or her paper titles based thereon or deducible therefrom." tc. the principal surveyor of said district at Chillicothe, Ohio, upon the ap­ "The committee do not doubt that the parties referred to in the accom­ plication and proof of the persons now in the possession of said lands, claim­ panying bill are clearly within the provisions of this act, hence, that the in.r:. title thereunto under the deeds for the same from Nathaniel Massie, legislation proposed is not absolutely necessary to perfect the~ title; but date1 June 2, 1804. inasmuch as the enactment of the bill and the issue of patents thereunder will enable the owners of these lands to perfect the record evidence of their The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the consideration of title and thereby save them much inconvenience, your committee recom­ thi3 bill? mend the passage of the bill, with an amendment striking out the preamble. 2012 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 22,

The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gen- Mr. HATCH. Now, Mr. Speaker, the motion to go into Com­ tleman from Ohio [Mr. PATTISON]? . mittee of the Wh9le for the purpose of considering bills raising Mr. SIMPSON. I would like to ask thegentlemanfromOhio revenue has always been held to have precedence over a motion [Mr. PATTISON] where this land is located, and whether it is in a to go into Committee of the Whole for the purpose of consider­ city or whether it is farming land in the country?. There was ing general appropriation bills. so much noise and confusion I could not tell from the report. The SPEAKER. Can the gentleman turn to any decision of Mr. PATTISON of Ohio. It is farming land in Brown County, that sort? Ohio. The owners of the land simply seek to quiet the title. It Mr. HATCH. "The gentleman from Missouri" can point the has been owned by them and their grantors without dispute Chair to an unbroken line of practice. I think the Ch air prac­ since 1804. tically decided that question on the 6th day of June last year. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the present considera­ The SPEAKER. The Chair at that time recognized the gen­ tion of the bill? tleman from Missouri t o make the motion. The Ch air h as made There was no objection. some examination, not thorough; but the Chair has bee n unable The SPEAKER. The question is on the amendment, which to find any case where there was a conflict between these motions is to strike out the preamble. and a decision by the Chair expressly upon it. The Chair was The amendment was agreed to. of the impression, and is, unless there is some author ity that The bill as amended was ordered to be engrossed and read a conflicts with that idea, that these two motions are of equal diO'­ third time; and being engrossed, was accordingly read the third nity, and that the gentleman who is first recognized t ::> make the time, and passed. motion is entitled to make it; and the only way the othe1· motion On motion of Mr. PATTISON of Ohio, a motion to reconsider can be reached would be to vote down the first motion, and then the vote by which the bill was passed was laid on the table. to make a motion to consider a revenue bill or an appropriation bill, as the case might be, the Chair regarding them as of equal LENNES A. JACKSON. dignity. That has been the opinion of the Chair. Mr. O'DONNELL. Mr. Speaker, I askunanimousconsentfor Mr. HENDERSON of North Carolina. Mr. Speaker, I renew the present consideration of the bill (S. 2680) for the relief of mv motion. Lennes A . .Jac4son. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. The bill was read, as follows: HENDERSON] moves that the House resolve itself into Committee Be it enacted, That the sum of $270 be, and the same hereby is, appropriated, of the Whole House on the state of the Union for the purpose of outot any moneys in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, to refund in considering general appropriation bills. full to LennesA. Jackson the amount paid to James H. Stone, collector ot The question was taken and the Speaker announced that the customs, Detroit, Mich., which amount was stolen trom vaults ot the Cold­ yea-s seemed to have it. water National Bank, at Coldwater, Mich., on March 2, 1892. Mr. HATCH. Division, Mr. Speaker. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gen­ The House divided, and there were ayes 120, noes 23. tleman from Michigan? Mr. HATCH. No quorum has voted. I demand tellers. Mr. KILGORE. Mr. Speaker, I think there ought to be some Mr. HENDERSON of North Carolina. I demand the yeas and explanation. nays. . The SPEAKER. Without objection the gentleman will be Mr. BLOUNT. Mr. Speaker, I desire to suggest to the gen­ permitted to make an explanation. tleman from Missouri [~r. HATCH] that there is but little of Mr. O'DONNELL. The bill is to reimburse the deputy col­ this bill remaining, and it will take but fifteen or twenty min­ lector of internal revenue at Coldwater, Mich., for the amount utes to dispose of the Post-Office appropriation bill. of $270 which was stolen from the bank in a burglary a year ago. Mr. McMILLIN. Regular order. We have other bills of equal The loss occurred without fault on his part. importance that must be disposed of. Mr. KILGORE. An officer can not be exempted from liability The SPEAKER. The gentleman from North Carolina de­ simply because his funds are stolen, and I will have to object. mands the yea-s and nays on the motion to go into the Committee ¥r. HENDERSON of North Carolina. Regular order. of th3 Whole House on the state of t he Union for the purpose of considering general appropriation bills. ORDER OF BUSINESS. The yeas and nays were ordered. The SPEAKER. The regular order is demanded. The reg­ The quest.ion was taken~ and there were-yeas 142, nays 62, not voting 125; as follows: ular order is the call of the standing and select committees for YEAS-142. reports. . . HENDERSON of North Carolma. I unanrmous con­ Abbott, Coburn, Lagan, Perkl~s. Mr. ask Andrew, Cogswell, Lane, Quackenbush, sent that the call of committees be dispensed with, and that Antony, Compton, Lapham, Randall, gentlemen having reports may be permitted to file them with Bacon, Coolidge, Lawson, Ga. Ray, Bailey, Covert, Layton, Reed, the Clerk. Bartine, Cox, Tenn. Lester, Va. Richardson. The SPEAKER. The gentleman frQm North Carolina asks BarWig, Crawford, Lester, Ga.. Robertson, L:t. unanimous consent that the call of committees ba dispensed Beeman, Culberson, Livingston, Sayers, Beltzhoover, De Armond, Lockwood, Scull, with. Bentley, Dickerson, Loud, Seer ley, Mr. HATCH. I object, Mr. Speaker. Bingham, Dockery, Lynch, Snow, The SPEAKER. The Clerk will call the standing and select Blanchard, Ellis, Magner, Sperry, Blotmt, English; - Mallory, SpringP-r, committees. Boatner, Enochs, Mansur, Stewarcl, Ill. The roll of committees was called for reports. There were Bowman, Fithian, McGann, Stone, Ky. no reports presented. Branch, Flick, McKaig, Stout, Breckinridge, Ark Forney, McKinney, Taylor, Ill. Mr. HENDERSON of North Carolina and Mr. HATCH ad._ Brookshire, Geary, McMil.lin, Taylor, J. D. dressed the Chair. Brown, Md. Gillespie, McRae, Terry, The SPEAKER. The gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. Bryan, Grady, Meyer, Townsend, Buchanan, Va. Greenleaf, Miller, Tucker, ' HENDERSON]-- Bunn, Griswold, Mitchell, Turner, Mr. HENPERSON of North Carolina. Mr. Speaker, I move Burrows, Hall, Montgomery, VanHorn. that the House resolve itself into the Committee of the Whole Busey, Hamilton, Moore, Wadsworth Bynum, Hare, Morse, Warner, H ouse on the state of the Union for the purpose of considering Cable, Harmer, Mutchler, Washington, general appropriation bills. Cadmus, Harries, Newberry, Wheeler, Ala. Mr. HATCH. Mr. Speaker, Iwanttomake amotion of higher Caldwell, Hayes, Iowa Norton, Wike, · Campbell, Henderson, N. C. Oates, Willcox, privilege. I move that the House resolve itself into the Com­ Castle, Herbert, Obliger, William . IlL mittee of the Whole House on the state of the Union for the pur­ Catchings, Holman, O'Neill, Pa. Wilson. "Wash. pose of considering bills raising revenue. Chipman, Hooker, Miss. O'Neill, Mo. Wilson, \V. Va.. Clancy, Houk, 'l'enn. Outhwaite. Wise, The SPEAKER. How is that a question of higher privilege? Clarke, Ala. Ketcham, Pattison, Ohio W0lverton. Mr. HATCH. Because it is first in order under the rules. Cobb, Ala. Kilgore, Paynter, The SPEAKE R. It seems to the Chair that the motions are Cobb, Mo. Kyle, Peel. of equal dignity unless there is some decision to the contrary. NAYS-62. They are included together. Alderson, Butler, Forman, Bitt, Mr. HATCH. I call the attention of the Chair to the rule. Alexander, Caminetti, Funston, Hopkins, ill The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report clause 9 of Rule XVf. Arnold, Capehart, Grout, Jolley, The Clerk read as follows: Babbitt, Clark, Wyo. Halvorson, Kem, Baker, Cooper, Hatch, Lanham, Rule XVI, paragraph 9. At any time after the expiration of the morning Bland, Daniell, Lewis, hour it shall be in ordEr to move that the House resolve itself into the Com­ Bowers, Dolliver, J.i!~N:~son, Iowa Lind, mittee of the Whole House on the state of the Union tor the purpose of con­ Bretz, Dungan, Hermann, Long, sidering bills raising revenue, or general appropriation bills. Broderick, Everett, Ililborn, Martin, 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2013

McClellan, Pendleton, Stockdale, Wilson, Ky. Mr. WEADOCK. Mr. Speaker, I voted "aye," but being McLaurin, Pickler, Tillman, Wilson, Mo. Meredith, Pierce, Watson, Winn, paired, I withdraw my vote. Moses, Scott. Waugh, Wright, Mr. BROSIUS. Mr. Speaker, I voted'' aye." I now find that I O'Donnell, Shively, Wever, Youmans. have been pairad without my knowledge; but, under the circum­ Otis, Simpson, White, Patton, Stephenson, Whiting, stances, I withdraw my vote. NOT VOTING-125. Mr. HEARD. Mr. Speaker, I have voted" aye," but on yester­ Allen, Cutting, Hutr, Robinson, Pa. day I a~ r eed to pair with the gentleman from New York [Mr. Amerman, Dalzell, Hull, Rockwell, PAYNEJ, and, being paired, I withdraw my vote. Atkinson. Davis, Johnson, Ind. Rusk, Bankhead, De Forest, Johnson, N. Dak. Russell, LEAVE OF ABSENCE. Belden, Dingley, Johnson, Ohio Sanford, Belknap, Dixon, Johnstone, S.C. Shell, By unanimous consent, leave of absence was granted as fol- Bergen, Do an. Jones, Shonk, lows: Boutelle. Donovan, Kendall, Sipe. Brawley, Dunphy, Kribbs, Smith, To Mr. DAVIS, for to-day, on account of sickness. Breckinridge, Ky. Durborow, Lawson, Va. Snodgrass, To Mr. BRAWLEY, for this day, on account of sickness. Brickner, Edmunds, Little, Stahlnecker, The result of the vote was then announced as above recorded. Brosius, Elliott, Lodge, Stevens, Brown, Ind. Enloe, McAleer, Stewart, Tex. POST-OFFICE APPROPRIATION BILL. Brunner. Enes. McCreary, Stone. C. W. Buchanan, N.J. Fellows, McKeighan, Stone, W.A. The House a :3cordingly resolved itself into Committee of the Bullock, Fitch, Milliken, Storer, Bunting, Fowler, O'Ferrall, Stump, Whole on the state of the Union (Mr. BLANCHARD in the chair). Bushnell, Fyan, O'Neil, Mass. Sweet., The CHAIRMAN. The House is in Committee of the Whole Byrns, Gantz, Owens, Tarsney, on the state of the Union for the further consideration of gen­ Caruth, Geissenhainer, Page, Taylor, Tenn. Cate, Goodnight, Parrett, Taylor, E. B. eral appropriation bills. The Clerk will report the title of the Causey, Gorman, Patterson, Tenn. Taylor, V. A. pending bill. Cheatham, Hallowell, Payne, Tracey, The Clerk read as follows: Clover, Harter, Pearson, Turpin, Cockran, Haynes, Ohio Post, Walker. A bill (H. R. 10319) making appropriations for the service of the Post-Ofilce Coombs, Heard, Powers, Weadock, Department for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1894, and for other purposes. Cowles, Hemphill,. Price, Wheeler, Mich. Mr. Cox, N. Y. Henderson, ill. Raines, Williams, Mass. HENDERSON of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman. I ask Crain, Hoar, Rayner, Williams, N. 0. unanimous consent that all debate on the pending paragraph, Crosby, Hooker, N. Y. Reilly, and all amendments thereto, be concluded in five minutes. Cummings, Hopkins, Pa.. Reyburn, Curtis, Houk, Ohio Rife, _.,.. The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will state to the' gentleman from North Carolina that all debate upon the pending paragraph So the motion to go into Committee of the Whole was agreed and amendments thereto is already concluded by unanimous con­ to. sent of the committee. Mr. OTIS (during the roll call). Mr. Speaker, I ask that my Mr. HENDERSON of North Carolina. That is all I desire. colleague IMr. DAVIS] be excused to-day, on account of sickness. The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment of the The SPEAKER. This is a roll call. . The Chair will submit gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. KYLE], which the Clerk will the request later. read. - The call of the roll was resumed and concluded. Mr. TUCKER. Mr. Speaker, I desire to state that my col­ The Clerk read as follows: Amend by striking out lines 14, 15, 16, and 17 on page 4, as follows: . league [Mr. EDMUNDS] is det-ained from the House by sickness. •' For necessary and special facilities on trunk lines from Springfield, I ask that he be excused. Mass .. via New York and Washington., to Atlanta and New Orlean.s, $196,- There was no objection. 614.22." The following pairs were announced. Mr. MALLORY. Mr. Chairman, is it in order to offer a sub­ Until further notice: stitute for that amendment? Mr. PARRETT with Mr. WAUGH . . The CHAIRMAN. The Chair thinks it is. Mr. STEWART of Texas with Mr. VINCENT A. TAYLOR. .Mr. MALLORY. Then I offer the substitute which I s ~md to Mr. GOODNIGHT with Mr. SANFORD. the desk. Mr. CAUSEY with Mr. BELDEN. The proposed substitute was read as follows: Mr. PA'l'TERSON of Tennessee with Mr. STORER. After line 13, page 4, insert the following: For this day: "I'or necessary o.nd special facilities on trunk lines, $196,614.22. " Mr. DURBOROW with .Mr. SHONK. Mr.HENDERSONofNorth Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I make Mr. MCCREARY with Mr. SMITH of Illinois. the point of order on that amendment that it has been already Mr. RAYNER with Mr. HULL. offered and voted down. Mr. FELLOWS with Mr. BERGEN. Mr. MALLORY. I beg the gentleman's pardon, this amend­ Mr. BANKHEAD with Mr. CUTTING. m ent has not baen offered before. The amendme11t that was Mr. CRAIN with Mr. ATKINSON. offered and voted down was different. Mr. HAYNES of Ohio with Mr. REYBURN. Mr. HENDERSON of North Carolina. No, sir; it was exactly Mr. BYRNS with Mr. BELKNAP. the same. But anyhow, I raise the point of order that the tei't Mr. WHEELER of Alabama with Mr. BOWERS. of the paragraph has been already perfected and the only ques­ Mr. BRAWLEY with Mr. HENDERSON of Illinois. tion now is on striking out the paragraph. Mr. OWENS with Mr. PAYNE. The CHAIRMAN (after exarpining the proposed substitute). Mr. O'NEIL of Massachusetts with Mr. DINGLEY. The Chair thinks that this is substantially the propo s i t ~on of­ Mr. KRr:BBS with Mr. CHARLES W. STONE. fered by the gentleman from Kentucky [Mr. DICKERSON] which Mr. TARSNEY with Mr. EZRA B. TAYLOR. was voted down in Committee of the Whole. Mr. O'FERRALL with Mr. LODGE. Mr. MALLORY. It is in substance the same, but it is not the Mr. DIXON with Mr. POWERS. same in language. Mr. ENLOE with Mr. RUSSELL. The CHAIRMAN. The Chair sustains the point of order made Mr. WHITING with Mr. O'NEILL of Pennsylvania. by the gentleman from North Carolina! that this is substantially On this vote: the same substitute that has already been voted down. The Mr. GEISSENHAINER with Mr. POST. question is on the amendment of the gentleman from Missis.:1 ippi On the an tioption bill: [Mr. KYLE]. Mr. BRUNNER with Mr. BROSIUS. The question was taken; and there were-ayes 35, noes 69. Mr. COCKRAN with Mr. WEADOCK. Mr. COCKRAN would Mr. KYLE. No quorum. vote against the bill, and Mr. WEADOCK for it. Mr. BLOUNT. No quorum, Mr. Chairman. I would like to Mr. DANIEL with Mr. CooMBs! for two days, Tuesday and have a full vote on this proposition. Wednesday. The CHAIRMAN. The point of no quorum bein~ made, the Mr. HALLOWELL with Mr. CARUTH. Mr. HALLOWELL would Chair will appoint to act as tellers the gentleman from Missis­ vote for the bill, and Mr. CARUTH against it. sippi [Mr. KYLE] and the gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. Mr. STUMP with Mr. WILLIAM A. STONE. Mr. STUMP would HENDERSON]. vote against the bill, and Mr. WILLIAM A. STONE for it. The committee again divided; but, pending the announcement Mr. CATE with Mr. COWLES. Mr. COWLES would vote against of the r esult, Mr. KYLE .withdr ew the point of order. the bill, and Mr. CATE :Cor it. The CHAIRMAN. The point of order having been with­ Mr. PENDEETON with Mr. TAYLOR of Tennessee, for ten days drawn, the Chair announces that the amendment is lost. from Februa1·y 10. .Mr. HAYES of Iowa. Mr. Chairman, I offer the amendment ­ Mr. WILLIAM A. STONE. Mr. Speaker, I have voted "aye," which I send to the desk. to c Jme in at the end as an additional but I find that I am paired, so I withdraw my vote. paragraph of the bill. · 2014 CONGRESSIONA:t RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 22,

The amendment was read, as follows: questi.on on the amendments and on the engrossment and third Add at the end of the bill the following: reading of the bill. ··~'hatall the bridges heretofore or hereafter constructed under the author­ Mr. WISE. Is it in order for me to ask the yeas on the amend­ ity of Congress or of any State or States, shall be post routes, and companies ment relative to special mail facilities? constructing and operating such bridges shall receive no greater pay per actual mile of length for the transportation of the mails across said bridges The SPEAKER. The gentleman can have a separate vote on than at the maximum rate, based upon the average weight carried, which any amendment. The Chair was about to ask whether a sepa­ the Post-Office Department by statutes is authorized to pay to such of the rail­ rate vote on any amendment was desired. road carriers as operate upon, or have their cars hauled over, such bridges." Mr. WISE. I beg pardon of the Chair. I am just informed Mr. LOUD. I raise the point of ord~r upon this amendment by a member near me that the amendment I had in mind wa~ de­ that it is not germane to the bill. feated in Committee of the Whole. The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will ask the gentleman from Mr. KYLE. I rise to a parliamentary inquiry: Is it in order Iowa [Mr. HAYES] to what part of the pending bill this amend­ to demand a separate vote upon the proposition to strike out lines ment is intended to apply. 14 to 17, on page 4? Mr. HAYES. of Iowa. It is offered as a separate paragraph to The SPEAKER. Did that amendment prevail? come in at the end of the bill; and I have offered it as quickly as Mr. KYLE. No, sir; it did not. the rest of the bill was completed. There can not be any point The SPEAKER. Then the Committee of the Whole has not of order against it. recommended any amendment to the House, and there can be no The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will state to the gentleman vote unon it. that the bill was completed at the session of the Committee of Mr. kYLE. Then this further question, Mr. Speaker: Is it in the Whole on Saturday last, with the exception of the paragraph order to move to recommit this bill with instructions to strike which was debated yesterday. out that provision relating to special mail facilities? Mr. HAYES of Iowa. How can the bill be completed until The SPEAKER. When the previous question is demanded the whole of it is completed. This is offered as a separate para­ and ordered on tbe p~ssage of the pill that motion will be in graph to come in at the end of the bill; and it has been offered order. _ immediately upon the completion of the text of the bill. Mr. DICKERSON. I intend to submit that motion. The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will ask the gentleman from The SPEAKER. The gentleman now demands the previous California to state his point of order. question on the engrossment and third reading of the bill and Mr. LOUD. I make two separate points of order. One is, that on the amendments. we have already completed the bill; and such has been the rul­ The previous question was ordered. ing of the Chair in ruling outanamendmentoffered in precisely Mr. DOCKERY. I ask a separate vote on the amendment in­ the same manner as this by some other gentleman. The other creasing the amount of the appropriation over the estimate of point is, that the amendment is not germane to the subject-mat­ the Department in relation to the railway postal clerks. ter of the bill. The amendment is in fact a bridge bill. The SPEAKER. The amendment on which a separate vote The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will hear the gentleman from is demanded will be read. Iowa [Mr. HAYES] on the point of order. The Clerk read as follows: Mr. HAYES of Iowa. The question whether the amendment On page 2. line 7, strike out the words "seven hundred and sixty-seven is offered at one time or another, it seems to me, can not have thousand dollars" and insert "$802,000;" so that it will read: ' Fo1· rent, light, and fuel for first and second class post-offices, $802,000." any force; for so long as the bill is not finished it ma1fes no And insert :.t the end of said paragraph: "Provided, That of said sum $35,- difference whether we have been considering the middle of the 000 may be used for rent, light, -fuel, and necessary fixtures and furnituxefor bill or the end of it. In point of fact, the text of the bill is just additional premises in the city of New York, hereby authorized to be hire4 now completed; and before any further step is taken I offer and m:ed for the general pos~-offi.ce business in said city." this amendment as a new section, to come in at the end of the The amendment was adopted. bill. The next amendment reported from the committee, on page In regard tothe question involved in the point of order, I sup­ 2, in lines 16, 17 and 18, was agreed to. pose it is assumed that the amendment is contrary to Rule XXI. The next amendment, on page 4, lines 9 and 10, was read, as But this amendment does not embrace anything that adds to follows: public expenditures; in fact, it is calculated to lessen expec.di­ Strike out the words "six million eight hundred and ninety-four thousand tures. And it is germane to the bill, becaus3 it has relation to dollars" aud insert "$7,014,000." . these appropriations and what shall be done in the Post-Office Mr. DOCKERY. I ask a vote on that increase. Department. The question was taken; and on a division (demanded by Mr. Mr. BLOUNT. I ask that the amendme·nt b3 again reported. BUTLER) there were-ayes 32, noes 81. The Clerk ao-ain read the amendment. So the amendment was rejected. Mr. BL OUNT. I did not hear the point of order as already The next amendment reported ft•om the Committee of the stated. I wish to make the point-it may be a repetition. Whole was read, as follows:- Onpage4, after line 17, insert: The CHAIRMAN. The point of order was raised against the •· Provided, That no part of the appropriation made by this paragraph shall amendment by the gentleman from California [Mr. LoUD] that be expended unless the Postmaster-General shall deem such expenditure the bill was completed at the session of the Committee of the necessary in order to promote the interest of the postal service." Whole on Saturday last, and that it is too late now to move to The amendment was adopted. amend the bill by adding another section. The further point of The next amendment reported from the Committee of the order is made that the amendment is not germane. Whole, on page 7, a[ter line 3, was read and agreed to. Mr. BLOUNT. Now, I wish to add the further point that the The bill as amended was ordered to be engrossed and read a amendment proposes to change existing law, and does not re­ third time; and being engrossed, it was accordinglyread a third trench expenditures in any of the ways pointed out in the rule. time. The CHAIRMAN. Without passing upon the point of order Mr. HENDERSON of North Carolina. The bill as it has been just raised by the gentleman from G~o_rgi~, and withoutpassi.D;g periected carries an appropriation of $83,904-,35i .22 or $34-,957 upon the question whether the propos1t10n 1s germane, the Chrur more than the bill recommended when reported to the House. is disposed to sustain the point of order on the ground that the The sum as finally agreed upon is $3,573,037 .!9 more than the bill was completed (except the paragraph just disposed of) at appropriation for the current fiscal year. The Postmaster-Gen­ last Saturday's session of the Committee of the Whole. The erals estimate for the postal revenue for the fiscal year 189-! is Chair holds that this amendment coming now as an additional $35,121,365.38 or an estimated surplus revenue of $1,217,0-1.16 section after the bill has been completed, is subject to the point over the amount now carried by tne bill. I now ask the pre­ of order made against it. The Chair therefore rules out the vious question on tb.e passage of the bill. amendment. Mr. DICKERSON. Penctingthati move to recommit the bill Mr. HENDERSON of North Carolina. I now move that the with the following instructions. committee rise and report the bill with amendments to the House, The SPEAKER. The Clerk will read. with a recommendation that it be nassed as amended. The Clerk read as follows: The motion was agreed to. - Recommit the bill wlth instructions to the committee to amend by striking The cominittee accordingly rose; and the Speaker having re­ out all of lines 14, 15, 10 and 17 on page -1, and report the same back to the sumed the chair, Mr. BLANCHARD ~eported that the ComJ?ittee House forthwith. of the Whole on the state of the Umon had had under considera­ Mr. SPRINGER. Is that amendment in order to report forth­ tion the bill(H. R . 103-!9) making appropriations for the service with? However, I will make no point on that. of the Post-Office Department for the fiscal year ending June 30, The question was taken; and on a division there were-ayes·55, 189-! and has instructed him to report the same back with sundry noes 71. a.me~dments and with the recommendation that the bill as Mr. BLOUNT. I ask for the yeas and nays on this proposi­ amended do pass. tion. Mr. HENDERSON of North Carolina. I demand the previous The yeas and nays were ordered. 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2015

Mr. WISE. Mr. Speaker, I ask to have the words proposed On this question: to be stricken out read. Mr. McLAURIN with Mr.HEMPHILL. The SPEAKER. The Clerk will read what is proposed to be The result of the vote was then announced as above recorded. stricken out. The SPEAKER. rrhe question now is on ordering the pre- The Clerk read as follows: vious question on the passage of the bill, Strike out The previous question was ordered. For necessary and special fa.cilltles on trunk lines from Springfield, Mass., 'l'he SPEAKER. The question now is, Shall the bill pass? via New York and Washington, to Atlanta and New Orleans, $196,614.22. The bill was passed. The question was taken; and there were-yeas 76, nays 124, On motion oi Mr. HENDERSON of North Carolina, a motion not voting 129; as follows: · to reconsider the vote by which the bill was passed was laid upon YEAS-76. the table. Antony, Ca.te, Kyle, Post. INDIAN APPROPRIA'l'ION BILL. Babbitt, Clover, Lane, Quackenbush, Bailey, Coolidge, Lester, Ga. Reed, Mr. HATCH and Mr. PEEL addressed the Chair. Baker, Cooper, Lewis, Scull, The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Arkansas [Mr. PEEL] Earwig, Cox, Tenn. Lind, Shively, Bentley, Dalzell, Long, Shonk. is recognized. Bingham, Dickerson, Loud, Springer, Mr. PEEL. I move that the House resolve itself into the Bland, Dockery, Martin, Stephenson, Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union for Blount, Everett, McMillin, Stockdale, Breckinridge, Ark. Fithian, McRae, Stout, the purcpose of further considering general appropriation bills. Bretz. Halvorson, Norton, Taylor, ill. Mr. HATCH. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House resolv~ Broderick, Hamilton, Ohliger, Terry, itself into the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union Brookshire, Haugen, Otis, Townsend, Brosius, Haynes, Ohio Outhwaite, Turner, for the purpose of considering bills raising revenue. Bryan, Heard, Patton, Watson, The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Arkansas [Mr. PEEL] Burrows, Henderson, Iowa Pearson, Wever, having first been recognized, his motion will first be put to the Butler, Hitt, Peel, Williams, Til. Capehart, Holman, Perkins. Wilson, Mo. House. As manv as favor the motion that the House resolve Castle, Kilgore, Pierce, Wolverton. itself into the Co~mmittee of the Whole House on the state of the NAYS-124. Union for the purpose of further considering general appropria­ Abbott, Covert, Hopkins, ru. Pendleton, tion bills will say "aye," those opposed "no." Alexander, Crawford, HoUk, Tenn. Pickler, The question being taken, the Speaker announced that the Andrew, Crosby, · Jolley, Randall, Arnold, Culberson, Jones, Ray, ayes seemed to have it. Bacon, CUrtis. Ketcham, Richardson, On a division (demanded by Mr. HATCH) there were-ayes 132, Bankhead, Daniell, Lagan, Rockwell, 31. Beeman, De A..-rmond, Lanham, Sayers, noes Beltzhoover, Do an, Lapham, Scott, Mr. HATCH. No quorum has voted. I demand tellers. Blanchard, Dolliver, Lawson, Ga. Seer ley, The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Missouri [Mr. HATCH] Boatne1·, EngLisn, Layton, Shell, makes the point that no quorum has voted. Bowers, Enochs, Lester, Va. Sperry. Bowman, Flick, Livingston, Steward,Dl. Mr. SPRINGER. I call for the yeas and nays. Branch, Forney, Magner, Stolle, Ky. The yeas and nays were ordered. BrO"i'i'D., Md. Funston, Mallory, Taylor, J. D. Mr. HATCH. Mr. Speaker, a parliamentary inquiry? Buchanan, Va. Gantz, Mansur, Tillman, Bullock, Geary, McGann, Tucker, The SPEAKER. The gentleman will stats it. Bunn, Geissenhainer, McKaig, VanHorn. Mr. HATCH. If the motion of the gentleman from Arkansas Bunting, Gillespie, McKinney, Walker, [}A:r. PEEL] is voted down by the House, will the motion that I Busey, Grady, Meredith, Warner, Bynum, Greenleaf, Meyer, Washington, have made then be entertained by the Chair? Cable, Griswold, Montgomery, Wa~h, The SPEAKER. It will then be in order. As many as iavor Cadmus, Grout, Moore, We ock, Caldwell, Hallowell, Morse, Wheeler, Ala. the motion of the gentleman from Arkansas [Mr. PEEL] that the Caminetti, Hare, Moses. Wike, House do now resolve itself into the Committee of the Whole on Catchings, Harries, Mutchler, Willcox, the state of the Union for the further consideration of general Chipman, Batch, Newberry, Williams, Masl!. Clancy, Hayes, Iowa. O'Donnell, Wilson, Ky. appropriation bills will, when their name3 are called, say'' aye," Clarke, Ala. Henderson, N.C. O'Neill, Mo. Wilson, W. Va. those opposed" no." Cobb, Ala. Hermann, Owens, Winn. The question was taken; and there were-yeas 123, nays 76, Cobb, Mo. Hooker, Miss. Page, Wright, not voting 130; as follows; Coburn, Hopkins, Pa. Paynter, Youmans. YEAS-123. NOT VOTING-129. Alderson, Dingley, Johnstone, S.C. Robinson, Pa. Andrew, Clover, Hooker. :Miss. Randall, Allen. Dixon, Kern, Rusk. Antony, Cobb, Ala. Ketcham, Ray. Amerman, Donovan, Kendall, Russell, Bacon, Cobb, Mo. Kilgore, Richardson, Atkinson, Dungan, KI1bbs, Sanford, Bailey, Coburn, Kyle, Sayers, Bartine, Dunphy, J_. a.wson, Va. Simpson, Bankhead, Cogswell, Lagan, Scull,· Belden, Durborow, Little, Sipes, Bartine, ComRton, Lane, Seerley, Belknap, Edmunds, Lockwood, Smith, Earwig. Coolidge, Lapham, Shonk. Bergen, Elliott, Lodge, Snodgrass. Beltzhoover, Covert, Layton, Sipe, Snow, · Bentley, Cox, Tenn. Lester, Ga. Sperry, Boutelle, Ellis, Lynch, Bingham, Dalzell, Livingston, Springer, Brawley, Enloe, McAleer. Stahlnecker, Boatner, Dickerson, Lockwood, Stephenson, Brec·kinridge, Ky. Epes, McClellan, Stevens, Bowers, Dockery, Loud, Stout, Brickner, Fellows, McCreary, Stewart, Tex. Bowman, Ellis, Magner, Taylor, Ill. Brown, Ind. Fitch, McKeighan, Stone, C. W Branch, English, Ma.llary, Taylor, J. D. Brunner, Forman, McLam·in, Stone, W. A. Brickner, Enochs, Mansur, Terry, Buchanan, N.J. Fowler, Miller, Storer, Brown,Md. Forney, McGann, Townsend, Bushnell, Fyan, Milliken, Stump, Bryan, Gantz, McKinney, Tracey, Byrns, Goodnight, Mitchell, Sweet, Buchanan, Va. Geary, McMillin, Tucker, Campbell, Gorman, Oates, Tarsney. Bullock, Geissenha.iner, McRae, Turner, Oaru th, Hall, O'Ferrall, Taylor, Tenn. Bunn, Gillespie, Meyer, VanHorn, Causey, Harmer, O'Neil, Ma.s3. Taylor, E. B. Busey, Grady, Miller, Walker, Cheatha.ID. Harter, O'Neill, Pa. Taylor, V. A. Bushnell, Greenleaf, Morse. Warner, Clark, Wyo. Hemphill, Parrett, Tracey, Mutchler, Washington, Coc!n·an. Henderson, ill. Patterson, Tenn. Turpin, Bynum, Hare, Cogswell, Herbert, Pattison, Ohio Wadsworth. Cable, Harmer, Newberry, Wheeler, Ala. Compton, Hilborn, Payne, Wheeler, Mich. Cadmus, Hayes, Iowa Norton, Willcox, Coombs, Hoar, Powers, White, Campbell, Haynes, Ohio Ohliger, 3 Cowles, Hooker, N.Y. Price, Whiting, Castle, Heard, O'Neill, Mo. ;Wst;~~~s~ Cox. N. Y. HoUk, Ohio Raines, Williams, N. C. Ca.te, Hende1·son, N. C. Outhwaite, Wilson; W.Va. Crain, Hut!, Rayner, Wilson, Wash. Chipman, Hermann, Paynter, Wolverton, Cummings, Hull, Reilly, Wise. Clancy, Hilborn, Peel, Wright. Cutting, Johnson, Ind. Reyburn, Clarke, Ala. Holman, Pickler, Davis, Johnson. N. Da.k. Rife, NAYS-76. ~ DeForest. Johnson, Ohio Robertson, La. Abbott, Clark, Wyo. Hallowell, Lewis, So the motion to recommit with ins'lirUctions was rejected. Alexander, Cooper, Halvorson, Lind, Mr. DICKERSON. I desire to state that my colleague [Mr. Arnold, Crawford, Hamilton, Long, Babbitt, Crosby. Hatch, Martin, McCREARY] is detained on account of having fallen and injured Ba.ker, Culberson, Haugen, McKaig. himself yesterday. That is the reason why he is not present. Beeman, DeArmond, Henderson, Iowa Meredith, The Clerk announced the following additional pairs: Blanchard, Dolliver, Hitt Moore, Bland, Dungan, Hoplrins,Pa... Moses, For the rest of this day: Bretz, .Epes, Hopkins, ill. O'Donnell, Mr. OATES with Mr. ROBINSON of Pennsylvania. Broderick, Everett, HoUk,Tenn. Otis, Mr. MITCHELL with Mr. WADSWORTH. Brookshire, Fithian, Jolley, Owens, Burrows, Forman, Lanham, Page. Mr. CARUTH with Mr. SWEET. Butler, Funston, Lawson, Ga. Pattison, Ohio Mr. HERBERT with Mr. BOUTELLE. Capehart, Grout, Lester, Va.. Patton, • 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 22,

Pearson, Reed, Steward, Ill. Wilson, Ky. the report of the committee on the bill, I object to some features Pendleton, Robertson, La. Stockdale, Wilson, Mo. Perkins, Rockwell, Tillman, Winn, of the bill. Post, Sco ~t, Wever, Wise, Mr. WILSON of Washington. I had supposed, Mr. Chairman, Quackenbush, Shell, White, Youmans. that I represented the minority of the Committee on Indian Af­ NOT VOTING-130. fairs. Alderson, Davis, Johnstone, S.C. Rusk, The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will recognize the gentleman Allen, De Forest, Jones, Russell, Amerman, Dingley, Kern, Sanford, fyom Washington [Mr. WILSON] to control the time in opposition Atkinson, Dixon, Kendall, Shively, to the bill. Belden, Doan, Kribbs, Simpson, Mr. ROCKWELL. If the Chair will permit me one moment. Belknap, Donovan, Lawson, Va. Smith, Bergen, Dunphy, Little, Snodgrass, I am the only member of the Committee on Indian Affairs who Blount, Durborow, Lodge, Snow, voted against reporting- this bill in its present shape. The ma­ Boutelle, Edmunds, Lynch, Stahlnecker, jority of the committee reported this bill, and I am the only Brawley, Elliott, McAleer, Stevens, Breckinridge, Ark. Enloe, McClellan, Stewart, Tex. member representing the minority on the bill as it stands. Brecldnridge, Ky. Fellows, McCreary, Stone,c.w. Mr. HOLMAN. The gentleman will be entitled to recog­ Brosius, Fitch, McKeighan, Stone, W.A. nition. Brown, Ind. Flick, McLaurin, Stone, Ky. Brunner, owler, Milliken, Storer, Mr. ROCKWELL. I insist that I am entitled, in view of the Buchanan, N.J. Fyan, Mitchell, Stump, statement of the fact that I represent the minority of the com- Bunting, Goodnight, Montgomery, Sweet, mittee on this bill. · Byrns, Gorman, Oates, Tarsney, Caldwell, Griswold, O'Ferrall, Taylor, Tenn. Mr. PEEL. I have no objection in the world, if it is agreea­ Caminetti, Hall, O'Neil, Mass. Taylor, E . B. ble to the minority, who represent the Republican party on the Caruth, Harries, O'Neill, Pa. Taylor, V. A. committee. Catchings, Harter, Parrett, Turpin, Causey, Hemphill, Patterson, Tenn. Wadsworth, Mr. HOLMAN. It isnotaquestionof party, but whatsidethe Cheatham, Henderson, lll. Payne, Watson, gentleman represents on the bill, for or against it. Cockran, Herbert, Pierce, Waugh, Mr. WILSON of Washington. Mr. Spea\rer, !understand that Coombs, Hoar, Powers, Weadock, Cowles, Hooker. N.Y. Price,, Wheeler, Mich. the minority on this side of the Rouse have certain rights in the -- Cox, N. Y. Houk, Ohio Raines, Whiting, consideration of appropriation bills. I appeal to the universal Orain, Hu1'f, Rayner, Wike, practicethathasexisted heretofore, under which !claim !would Cnmmings, Hull, Reilly, Williams, N.C. Curtis, Johnson, Ind. Reyburn, Williams, lll. be entitled to recognition to control the time in opposition. So CUtting, Johnson, N.Dak. Rife, far as I am personally concerned, I do not care to discuss the Daniell, Johnson, Ohio Robinson, Pa. bill, but will yield my time to any gentleman who desiras to dis­ So the motion to go into Committee of the Whole was agreed to. cuss it. The following additional pair was announced: Mr. McMILLIN. It is not a question of the minority side of Mr. PATTISON of Ohio with Mr. CALDWELL, on the antioption the House; it is a question of being in favor of the blll or op­ bill. Mr. PATTERSON would vote for the bill and Mr. CALD­ posed to the bill. Is the gentleman from Washington opposed WELL against it. to the bill? LEAVE OF ABSENCE. Mr. WILSON of Washington. I am not opposed to the ap­ propriation bill; but I am opposed to certain features of it. By unanimous consent, leave of absence was granted: as fol­ Mr. McMILLIN. Then you are in favor of the appropriation lows: bill. . To Mr. WATSON, indefinitely, on account of sickness in his Mr. WILSON of Washington. I am not opposed to the gen­ family. eral appropriation bill, but there are parts of the bill to which To Mr. HOAR, indefinitely (on the request of Mr. WILLIAMS I am opposed. of Massachusetts), on account of sickness in his family. Mr. PICKLER. I will ask the gentleman from New York INDIAN APPROPRIATION BILL. [Mr. ROCKWELL] if he is opposed to this appropriation bill? The SPEAKER. On the motion to go in Committee of the Mr. ROCKWELL. I am the only member of this committee Whole the yeas are 124, and the nays 75. The yeas have it, who voted against the report on this bill as it stands, and I am the motion is agreed to, and the gentleman from Missouri [Mr. opposed to certain features of the bill. HATCH] will please take the Chair. [Applause.] Mr. WILSON of Washington. So am I. We will agree upon The CHAIRMAN. Tho House is in Committee of the Whole that so far. I do not desire to have any discussion upon it, so far for the purpose of conaidering general appropriation bills. as I am personally concerned, and so far as gentlemen on this The Cler-k will report the first bill on the Calendar. side of the House are concerned: I am willing to take what time The Clerk read as follows: is agreed upon and yield it to the gentleman from New Ym·k, or A bill (H. R. 10115) making appropriations for current and contingent ex­ to make any arrangement that may be agreeable to the Com­ penses, and fulfilling treaty stipulations with Indian tribes, !or fiscal year mittee of the Whole; but I do submit, Mr. Speaker, that gen­ ending June 30, 1894. tlemen on this side of the House want to be heard, and they Mr. PEEL. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to dis­ ought to have that right. pense with the first reading of the bill. I suppose that will not The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will try to see that every gen­ interfere with any agreement as to the time for general debate. tleman who desires to be heard shall be r ecognized. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Arkansas [Mr. PEEL] Mr. WILSON of Washington. And I want to agree upon asks unanimous consent to dispense with the first reading of the some time. bill. Is there objection? Mr. SPRINGER. I would suggest that the recognition is a Mr. BOWERS. I understand that that doas not interfere matter in which the Chair alone can control. with general debate. The CHAIRMAN. Unless an arrangement be made by unan­ The CHAIRMAN. Not at all. The Chair hears no objec­ imous consent of course the Chair will regulate recognition. tion. Mr. PICKLER. As a member of the committee I would sug­ Mr. McMILLIN .. Mr. Chairman, I rise for the purpose of gest, that it seems to me that it would be proper for the gentle­ asking for the reading of the bill. I think there are some very man from New York [Mr. RoCKWELL] to control the time important provisions in this bill that should be read to the against the specific items to which he is opposed. House in full. Mr. WILSON of Washington. Mr. Chairman, I may be in­ Mr. PEEL. I have no objection myself, Mr. Chairman. dulged one moment more. I only desire, so far as I am con­ The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Tennessee [Mr. Mc­ cerned, and speaking, I believe, for the minority of the commit­ MILLIN] objects. tee, to have only such reasonable time as we can fairly give to Mr. ROCKWELL. I hope the gentleman will not insist on this bill, which is a bill carrying general appropriations. The the first reading of the bill. I think the general debate will dis­ session of Congress is coming to a close very rapidly; and if we close all the matters to which the gentleman refers. There are propose to give the other side of this Capitol any oppor tunity to seventy pages of the bill, very much of which is purely formal. consider this bill we must pass along with reasonable dispatch. Mr. McMILLIN. I shall not insist if the gentlemen in charge Now, there is no minority report here against this bill. It is of the bill prefer to dispense with the reading of the bill. While true, as the gentleman from New York has stated, that he ob­ I would prefer the other way, I defer to their judgment. jects to some items in the bill. I suppose that is true of every The CHAIRMAN. The objection is withdrawn, and the first appropriation bill-that there are items in it that would be ob­ reading of the bill will be dispensed with. jected to by some members of the committee. But we had to Mr. PEEL. Now, Mr. Chairman, I would like to arrange bring in a bill here and get it ready for the consideration of the with the minority of the Committee on Indian Affairs for some Hom:e; and I submit that, in view of the fact that this session is time for general debate, if agreeable. rapidly coming to a close, we ought to agree to some r easonable Mr. ROCKWELL. Mr. Speaker, I understand that I repre­ time for debate. • sent the minority of the Committee on Indian Affairs on this The CHAIRMAN. The Chair thinks, of course, that this de­ bill; although, so far as the bill itseli is concerned, I agreed in bate is out of order and by unanimous consent. If the gentleman

, . 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE . . 2017

from Arkansas will make a request as to the time for general large portion of their re ~e rvation has been ceded and sold to the debate, the Chair will put it to the House. Government for white settlement. They have taken smaller Mr. PEEL. Taking into consideration the fact that the close reservations, and a great many of them have taken their lands oi the session is so near, I would like the bill to be gotten through in severalty. The Navajoas in Arizona, the next largest no­ as soon as possible. Still I do not want to be unreasonable. madic tribe that we have, while they are still a roaming and un­ Mr. HOLMAN. Make it two hours. tutored people, are yet quiet and almost self-supporting. Mr. PEEL. Will two hours do? When you come to Indians of the Indian Territory, known as Mr. BOWERS.- Make it four hours, two hours on each side. the five civilized tribes, you find a very different state of things. Mr. PEEL. I suggest that two hours ought to be satisfac- It will perhaps astonish some of you gentlemen who have not tory. thought of the matter, who have not examined this question, who 'l'he CHAIRMAN. The gentlemanfrom Arkansas asks unan­ have not investigated the history of the five civilized tribes, imous consent that all general debate upon the pending bill be when I tell you that for over forty years those five trib ~ s, known closed in two hours. as the Cherokees, Choctaws, Chickasaws, Creeks, and Seminoles Mr. BOATNER and Mr. BOWERS objected. have had a local government formed after the local governments Mr. BOWERS. Mr. Chairman, I suggest that four hours be oJ the States of this Union. allowed for general debate, two hourz on each side. They have never in my day cost this Government one cent. Several MEMBERS. Oh, no. They are entirely self-supporting and have been so for perhaps Mr. HOLMAN. Mr.Chairman,I think thatfourhours ought fifty years or more. Each one of these five civilized tribes has not to be occupied in general debate on this bill. It is very im­ a local government in perfect form. They elect their gvvernors portant that the bill shall get to the Senate as soon as possible. just as we elect ours in the different States. In some cases the The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the request of the governor is called first chief; in others, governor; but in every gentleman from Arkansas [Mr. PEEL] that the time for general case this officer constitutes the executive branch of the govern­ debate be fixed at two hours? ment. Several members objected. These Indians elect also their legislature, consisting of a sen­ Mr. POWERS. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent that ate and lower house, exactly as we do in the States. They elect general debate be limited to four hours. their attorney-general, their treasurer, and other officers for The CHAIRMAN. Is thera objection to the request of the the pupose of cat'rying on their government. They have schools gentleman from California? and churches all over their country; seminaries of learning, , Mr. WILSON of Washington. Mr. Chairman, I move to asylums for the insane; in other words, they have all the para­ amend that so as to allow three hours for general debate, one phernalia pertaining to local civilized government. They have hour to b3 under the control of the gentleman from New York their local courts. They have their court of appeals, their court (Mr. ROCKWELL]. of last rasort. So that it will be seen at a glance that the cqn­ The CHAIRMAN. It can not be done by motion. It must dition of these Indians is different to a marked degree from that be done by unanimous consent. of many other tribes, and when we are dealing with them con­ Mr. WILSON of Washington. Then I ask unanimous consent siderationswhich might apply to other tribes do not and can not that three hours be allowed for general debate upon this bill, one control. hour to be under the control of the gentleman from New York In 1866 the Government adopted a policy of locating all the [Mr. ROCKWELL], an hour and a baH under the control of the Indians of the Northwest and South in this Indian Territory, chairman of the committee [Mr. PEEL], and thirty minutes to which was then organized. These five civilized tribes owned a be assigned to the minority, if that is agreeable to the minority large amount of land, part of which they were living upon and side. part of which they did not live upon. The policy was then in­ The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the request of the augurated to organize a general Indian country. So these five gentleman from Washington [Mr. WILSON]? tribes were approached by commissioners of the Government of There was no objection, and it was so ordered. the United States for the purpose of inducing them to deed to The CHAIRMAN. The Chair recognizes the gentleman from the Government their surplus lands, that the Gavernment might Arkansas [Mr. PEEL] to control an hour and a half, the gentle­ locate upon. them friendly Indians and freedmen. man from New York [Mr. ROCKWELL] to control an hour, and These lands having been conveyed by treaty for a specific pur­ the gentleman from Washington[Mr. WILSON] to control thil'ty pose, it was necessary before the Government could divert the minutes. trust and devote the lands to settlement by white people that Mr. PEEL. Mr. Chairman, if the committee will give me the consent of the Indians be obtained. their attention, I will detain them only a short time. I bad hoped The Cherokees owned by a patent in fee their home raserva­ that we should agree on a shorter period for general debate on tion. All these five tribes owned their land in that way. A this bill, but of course whatever the committee decide upon that patent was issued for what is kno\vn as the Cherokee Outlet as point is satisfactory to me. well as for the home tra-::t where these Indians lived, containing Mr. Chairman, I do not suppose thatthe Am9rican people will some 8,000,000 acres. ever agree upon any line of Indian policy. There is, perhaps, no Under the treaty of 1866 a very small body of Indians was lo­ other public question that has agitated the public mind of this cated upon this territory. When that policy was reversed there country in regard to which so many differences of opinion pre­ remained over 6,000,000 acres of this magnificent country prac­ vail as in regard to the question of what is the best policy to be tically uninhabited; and it has remained in substantially that adopted to bring to a speedy close, in a civilized way, in this condition from that day to this. 'l'hat strip of country lies im­ Christian country what is known as the Indian problem. mediately north of th9 Territory of Oklaho-;na and immediately I have been a member of this House for ten years. My time south of Kansas. Its extent is some 60 miles north and south here is soon to close. I was placed upon the Committee on In­ and over 100 miles east and west. dian Affail's when I first entered Congress. Residing, a'3 I do, 'l'hat land has been coveted by the home·seeker of the coun­ within 25 miles of the Indian Territory, I have always felt a try for years and year s and years. The treaty of 1866 with the great interest in this question, and I nave tried to give to it all Cherokees stipulated in express terms that until this territory the consideration that my time and opportunities would permit. was occupied by friendly Indians or freedmen, as specified in the It is a puzzling question. I do not think the man lives, Mr. treaty, the right of possession and exclpsive jurisdiction over Chairman, I care not what may be his ability or experience, who this outlet! embracing over 8,000,000 acres of land at that time, can lay down a perfect system, theoretically speaking, for the should remain with the Cherokee Nation. handling of this Indian question. It may seem an astounding fact to some gentlc:-men her-3 when Therfi'l are hardJy any two reservations or any two tribes ex­ I say that these five tribes were slaveholders. Before the war actly alike. The circumstances under which one tribe or reser­ they owned many slaves. Upon the issues of the war they di­ vation may be placed do not apply to another. When the Indian vided, as all people living upon the borders did, some going into question is mentioned on this floor or anywhere else in the older one army and some into the other. When the war closed of parts of this country the very word "Indian" naturally carries course their slaves were free. the minds of those who bear it back to the days of savagery. In these treaties with the Government they ceded away their In their mind's eye they see nothing- but the red blanket, the surplus land most liberally and generously for a mere song for tomahawk, and the war paint. That is the general idea which the purpos~ of allowing the Gov-ernment to carry out its policy is aroused by the word "Indian," but that idea now applies, I of locating upon the lands friendly Indians and freedmen, the am proud to say, to only a very small portion of the American former slaves of these Indians. The Indians consented to give ·Indians. their formei· slaves not only citizenship but equal rights with There bas been great progress made in the last five or six themselves in their own country-all the rights and immunities years, which I think will prove in the end to be highly bene­ belonging to citizens of the tribe. And so the matter stands to­ fieial. Our Sioux, the largest tribe that are considered uncivil­ day. In a few yeal'S the Government proc3eded under this policy ized to-day, have greatly changed in the last few years. A to cover portions of this country with other Indians-not all of XXIV-127 2()18 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 22,

it. That piece of territory known as the Cherokee Outlet is, as finally succeeded, over twelve months ago, in negotiating this to the larger portion of it, a barren waste to-day. contract, ceding these lands to the Government, free from all its What has been the result of the change of policy in this re­ trusts or any incumbrances, for the sum of eight million five spect on the part of the Government? An act of Congress was hundred and ninety-five thousand and some odd dollars. passed (I do not recall its date) rescinding the former policy and But the Indians knew what a tedious road they had to travel declaring that the Government would put no more Indians in in dealing with the Goverll.!Ilent of the United States. They had the Indian Territory. The Government had held these lands in had much experience in that regard in the past, and therefore trust under t h e treaty of 1866 (for which the consideration re­ they incorporated in that contract, ceding these lands to the ceived by the Indians was a mere song), with the express pur­ Government, a clause providing that unless it was ratified by pose of locating other Indians and freedmen upon those lands. Congress on or before the 4th day of March ,1893,i t should stand ab­ That policy of the Government was reversed, and since that time solutely void and of no a vail. That is the condition it is in to-day. till the present the policy has been to put no Indians on those Early in the beginning of this Congress I introduced a bill to lands, but to fill up the lands with citizens of the United States. ratify that contract. It provides, as I have shown, for the ces­ In view of the reservation in the treaty of 1866 these Indians sion of this land to the United States Government at the price believed that the Government would not change its policy in any specified, but limits the option to ratify, so to speak, of the -Gov­ such way as to do injustice to them. What was their situation'? ernment until the 4th o1 March next. I introduced a bill ratify­ Thousands and thousands of acres of the finest grass that any ing the contract to open these lands to miliions of people for se"t­ man ever baheld were going to waste. In the exercise of their tlement. It was promptly referred to the Committee on Indian rights under the treaty they sought to realize some revenue from Affairs, at the last session of Congress. these lands. They therafore entered into lea~ms with various I did not press its consideration particularly, neither was it cattle syndicates for an annual or semiannual rental. The last the desire of the Committee on Indian Affairs to press it then. year of this rental term yielded them $200,000, a magnificent It carried a large appropriation, and as is well known to this revenue for such people. House it was not the policy of the majority of the House during But the Government of the United States abandoned the pol­ the last session to increase the appropriation bills beyond what icy declared in the treaty of 1866; declined to use this land for was absolutely necessary to defray the public expenses. I con­ the purposes for which it had been ceded; and instead of allow­ ferred freely with the authorities that I thought had control of ing these Indians to retain possession of the lands in accordance the appropriations, and while it was not an express aureement, with the treaty of 1866theGovernment, whenitspolicychanged, yet it was implied and understood that if the bill was n'Ot pressed wan ted to purchase these lands and rid them of the conditions for the ratification at that session there would be no objection to of the trust so that the lands might be used for the purpose of its enactment at the present session. white settlement. Hence the Government refused to allow any Believing this, Mr. Chairman-for I believed it, and believed further lease of thesa lands by the Indians. it firmly-! yielded my views temporarily. When canvassing I must be permitted to say, Mr. Chairman, on the part of these my district , which borders almost on this country, this being a people, who are my neighbors, that this was a severe ruling Qn great question before the people there, I assured them that there the part of the Government. When the Cherokees declined to would be no opposition to the ratification of the contract at this sell their lands at the nominal price offered by the Government session of Congress, and that before spring time comes we would it was certainly a hard measure of public policy for the Govern­ have tbe lands opened to the honest home-seeker who desired to ment to step in with its strong arm and cut off the privilege obtain, bebre it was ev.erlastingly too late, a little land which which these Indians had exercised of leasing their lands for a he could call his own, and on which to rear his family in his own handsome annual revenue. The purpose of thus treating these way. I fully believed that this would be the result.· Indians was that they might be placed in a. condition which Little did I believe, Mr. Chairman, when I came back for this wo-:.1ld compel them to sell their lands. I say this was a severe short session of Congress and made an effort to ratifythisagree­ measure of public policy. - ment to give homes to 250,000 people, that stubborn opposition It was well known that if this revenue was cut off from them, would be offered, notwithstanding that it involved a large ap­ and they could no longer use these lands in a profitable way, propriation. By the provisions of the bill these lands are to be but leaving them idle, waste, and desert, it would soon chang-e sold to the settlers at $2.50, $1.50, and $1 an acre according to public sentiment in regard to them, and the Indians would be quality, which would bring into the Treasury about $10,000,000, more likely to comply with the request of the Government to sell thereby reimbursing the Government in ashorttime; that there these lands for the purpose of settling white people upon them. was to be persistent opposition I did not believe. The Government of the United States during the Fiftieth Con­ But, to my astonishment, sir, I was met with stern opposition gress placed on the Indian appropriation bill a provision author­ in consequence of the appropriation. When the Committee on izing the appointment of the Cherokee Commission whose juris­ Rules gave this committee a daywe went into Committee of the diction and powers was to be used to negotiate with the Chero­ Whole on this bill. We had to accept the modifications from kees for the sale of their surplus lands west of 96° , for the pur­ the distinguished gentlemanfrom Indiana[Mr. HOLMAN], chair­ pose of settlement under the homestead laws by our own people. man of the Committee on Appropriations, and defer the appropri­ They found the Cherokees hard to negotiate with. They are ations for some six years, paying 5 per cent interest on the same. an intelligent people. They know the intdnsic value of prop­ It passed this House. I felt very !JlUCh gratified, and believed erty as well as any set of men in this country. You had as well then that we would be able to succeed. It promptly passed the say that the people of the great States of Pennsylvania, Missis­ Senate, but the Senate saw proper to place certain amendments sippi, Arkansas or Missouri do not know their legal or political upon the bill, ratifying agreements concerning two or three rights, or the value of real estate as to say that the Cherokee small reservations which lie in the northeast corner of this large people do not understand them. piece of country, which increased the appropriation. They These cattle syndieates who were using these lands for pastoral asked for a conference, and when the bill came to the Speaker·s purposes, from which these people derived an annual revenue of table of this House, where I hoped to get a vote to nonconcur in $200,000 in their treasury, stood ready and anxious to giv~ them the,Senate amendments and agree to the conference to make it $30,000,000 for this tract of country. But of course, as 1s well possible that this legislation should be concluded before the con­ known, in all of the treaties with the Indians, there is a provi­ tract was forfeited, and save this country for the people who sion by which they are prohibited from selling their real estate desire it for homes I was met with a ruling that it had to go to or surplus lands to any one but the Government. the Committee of the Whole. Of course I knew that. The chief of the nation then, Mr. Mays, bitterly opposed sell­ It went to the Committee of the Whole, and I am sorry to say ing the lands until they could realize their full value. I am of it is in the Committee of the Whole yet, and will probably re­ the opinion that had not that old gentleman been taken away­ main there until the close of this Congress. If so this contract had his life been prolonged, this contract never would have been is gone. When we will get another contract with these Chero­ negotiated, and especially for the sum incorporated in the con­ kees, if they are trifled with in this way, I am not prepared to tract now pending before Congress. He died, and a change of ad­ say. It is true the Government can take the lands by force. ministration took place in the Territory. There was a change They are neither strong enough to make us fear their guns of public sentiment brought about by the commotion which pre­ nor have they any ballot by which they can make us afraid of vailed in the Territory at tho time of his death. their votes. This Cherokea Commission is composed of men of as high char­ I hope, however, Mr. Chairman, that the time will never come acter as any that could be found anywhere. Tt is composed of when the Congress of the United States will pass a measure to ex-Governor David H . .Jerome, of Michigan; Mr. Alfred M. lay its strong hand upon the territory that belongs to a helpless Wilson, of Arkansas, and Warren G. Sayre, of Indiana. This people, who have a patent from the Government, without their Commission secured an agreement from the Cherokees, notwith­ consent. standing the opposition that prevailed to this important contract. Mr. BRODERICK. I would like to ask the gentleman, if this After three years' persistent and hard negotiating and manip­ treaty fails by reason of the Government failing to accept it be­ ulation and management of the Indians, when the Government fore the 4th of March, will it be possible to get a contract here­ had denied them the right to lease their lands any longer, they after which will be as favorable to the Government? 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2019

Mr. PEEL. I do not think so, unless they are coercad; unless mittee has done the best it could. I can say from my place in the-Government, by its strong arm, places them in a position this House that there is not a single solitary item in this bill where they have no other alternative. Becausetheyknowthat which has not been carefully co4sidered. I know there have this is not half the value of the land. been some criticisms indulged that there are old claims in the Another policy of the Government is to induce these five tribes, bill. But, Mr. Chairman, men who have served as long as I if possible, to take allotments of their home country and become have in this Congress are not astonished that a claim is old, and. citizens, and form themselves into a government, and become a more particularly are they not astounded if it is a claim of an part and parcel of our civilization. Indian tribe, because they have no representation upon this floor. If when they come to accept our· terms to buy their lands at They have got no power against the Government of the United such a price as this, we refuse them, after taking away their States. They stand simply as wards of the Government, and take sources of revenue arising from the leasing of the land, how can whatever it is pleased to give them. I can state, Mr. Chairman, we expect them to submit to our wishes to take lands in sever­ that there is not an item upon this bill but what has the official alty, when they have as perfect and as clear a title to those sanction of the departments of this Government, not one. The lands as any member on this floor has to his home? How can bill carries almost a million dollars less than the estimates; and we expect them, if we trifle with them in this way, to yield up we have made it as economical as we believed the public service. their tribal government, to take their own lands in severalty, would warrant. become citizens, and help us move on with this great Govern­ I do not believe, Mr. Chairman, that anyone will object to con­ ment of ours? tinuing the same agencies that have been provided for up to this Mr. Chairman, I have never had charge of a measure upon time. We at least on the Democratic side ought not, and I am this floor in which I felt so much interest. I do not care for satisfied our Republican friends are too generous to want to myself. I do not need a home in that country; but when I think strike from this bill that which would give the incoming Ad­ of the thousands and hundreds of thousands of people in this ministration only such an appropriation as would cripple the land who have been waiting and praying for the time to come service, and deny to that Administration the same opportunities when they would be permitted to go in there under the laws of of securing good service as has been afforded the present Ad­ the Government and take homes, when I find this Congress so ministration. Therefore, I am opposed to interfering with the near its close, and when no opportunity is offered to the Com­ pe1·sonnel of that force, unless it is perfectly satisfactory in the mittee on Indian Affairs to nonconcur and agree to the confer­ procurement of good service.- ence and make it possible to consummate this contract, I do feel In regard to the old claims, I will say that the only item is for moved. arrears of interest to the Chickasaw Nation, arising upon trust Mr. PICKLER. Thousands of these people are encamped on funds in the Treasury of the Government of the United States, the borders of that country to-day. under treaty stipulations, bearing 5 per cent interest on $240,000 Mr. PEEL. Yes, they are camped on the border. I am re­ which was diverted prior to the year 1840, not invested but ceiving telegrams, letters, and petitions, praying me for God's dropped from the books, and was never paid for, as has been de­ sake to do something with the Outlet. cided by the Court of Claims, which decision was reaffirmed by Under our rules last Monday was committee suspension day. Secretary Lamar, as due them under the treaty of 1832. When I had watched for that day with great anxiety. I had prepared that item is reached I have got documents on my desk to shmv the way, as I thought. The gentleman from Texas [Mr. KIL­ what I say is true. GORE], who had filibustered the last suspension day against the Now, Mr. Chairman, I have said about all I think I ought to antioption and bankruptcy bills, I knew, would repeat his tac­ say. tics, and I went to work with those gentlemen who have charge I know this Indian question is a troublesome one. I know it of those measures, and by their promising they would not bring strikes the ordinary mind that it is a way of fooling away the them up the gentleman agreed he would let the work of this public money; but I will say that if gentlemen will look into the House go on, which he did. matter they will find that it is much cheaper to educate and civ­ I had learned from the Official Reporter's desk that the call ilize Indians, and even if you make a failure it is better than to rested upon the Committee on Claims, then upon the Commit­ exterminate them by torch and bullet. It will do away with In­ tee on War Claims, and then upon the Committee on Indian Af­ dian wars. If you take the time to examine the question you fairs. I hoped thatcommitteeswould then be called in thatorder. will find what the expense of Indian wars has been. I want to say here, in justice to the honored Speaker, that I The little disturbance a year or two ago with Sitting Bull on know it is not a right, that I know it is in the discretion of the the Sioux Reservation cost this Govei'llment $1.000,000, besides Speaker to recognize or not recognize, as he sees proper. many precious human lives. Let that problem then be a success It is but a privilege; but I had my heart set upon thatmeasure. or not a success, if you will teach him to make corn, if you will Under the circumstances, inasmuch as it involved so much coun­ teach him to stay at his own home and make his own living, he try for homes for the people, and inasmuch as a contract was in­ will not go on the warpath. And if you can keep his children volved, which would expire by its own limitation on the 4th of in school and teach them the ways of civilization, it is certainly March, I had hoped I would have an opportunity to ask this a step in the dght direction, and win keep them off the war­ House to nonconcm· in these Senate amendments and agree to path. the conference that they asked, and thereby make it possible to I believe in it. I am one who believes that no one race in this succeed in completing this legislationandgive to thepeoplewho Government can be made equal to another. I believe as strictly desired it homes to live upon. in the works of the great Creator, who has made races of people But I was not allowed to do so. I have no desire to criticise as well as He has made other things, and I am one who elieves or complain. I do think that there is no measure before this that there is no other race inferior to the Anglo-Saxon people Congress, unless it is one in which the machinery of the Gov­ who can be made their superior. ernment is involved, which is of so much importance. When But by managing them properly, by dealing with them in a the gavel falls on the 4th of March with this contract not ratified, Christian manner, by treating them in a moderate, reasonable, many a heart will be sad which has looked with hope to the day conservative way, by showing them that we respect them as men when it would be able to say" I have a home of my own." and as the aborigines of this country who were here long before There are gentlemen who have been using this free grass, our race arrived, we can make a wonderful improvement in them, however, that will be happy. If you will allow the Cherokees to can-change the Indian from the wild savage on the warpath with lease this land they will receive a handsome revenue from it, his warwhoop and his tomahawk, and bring him at least into which would otherwise be simply idle, waste, and free grass to such a degree of civil~ation as will make him a peaceable and any man who could get up cowboys enough touseit. They will, quiet citizen of the Republic. I reserve the balance of my time. at least, feel gratified, butitwill beattne expense of the tears and The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman has occupied thirty-five heartaches of many an honest home-seeker, who has been spsnd­ minutes. The gentleman from New York [Mr. ROCKWELL] is = ing months and months contemplating and preparing himself to recognized. go upon this the last Indian country that remains to be opened Mr. ROCKWELL. Mr. Chairman, I yield ten minutes to the to make homes for them. gentleman from California [Mr. BOWERS]. Mr. HERMANN. I understand the sales are to be made so Mr. BOWERS. Mr. Chairman, it was understood that I was that they will indemnify the Government. to have thirty minute3 to talk upon the bill, but the time for Mr. PEEL. The sales will fully indemnify the Government. general debate is limited, and I am confined to less. During the The price of the lands in the eastern third are fixed at $2.50 an brief time allowed I propo~e to speak tn reference to this bill acre, the middle third at $1.50 an acre, and the other third at $1 and also to make some reference to the repQrt of the Commis­ an acre. That is easily estimated, and it yields $10,000,000 and sioner of Indian Affairs. over. The price is fixed and the Government gets the full cost I understand that the bill for the Cherokee strip is not at present of the land. before the House for discussion. I believe that if that bill can Now, Mr. Chairman, in regard to the bill. So far as it comes be got before the House I shall stand with the chairman of the from the committee, of course it is not often any bill of this committee upon it, as I did before; offering, however, an amend­ kiiJ.d can be presented that would satisfy everybody. The com- ment which was rejected, to allow those white fa~ilies who had 2020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 22, built up their houses on the public lands and had been driven off terrupted by anybody. I must hasten on. I have here th9 re­ and their improvements confiscated-allowing them to take the port of Gen. McCook, commander of the Department of Arizona. :firat choice of these lands. I :find that the strength of the department consists of 20() officers · Very recently, sir, we have seen upon the .floor of this House and 2,403 enlisted men, and there are now, in the two Territ-ories divisions called and a hard struggle waged for" economy," to of Arizon~ and. :t:rew Mexico, 145 army officers and nearly 2,000 save $100 on some clerk's salary. We have seen hours spent men at nme m1htary posts. They have been there for years. here on trivial matters, and it does seem to me, sir, that the There are only fifty-eight Indian agents in the United States, most trivial matters here occupy the most time. We are now and you have 145 army officers in those two Territories and considering a bill which appropriates millions of dollars, and I nearly 2,000 men. What are they there for? To hunt Indians, assert, and I believe as I stand here and make the assertion, to guard Indians, to chase Indians, and to fight Indians, and see that not less than $100,000 of this money is for indefinite pur- what this army has been doing. poses, is purely for "junketing" purpo3es, and when the bill Take this report. It is very instructive reading. For the last comes up to be considered under the five-minute rule, I propose to quarter of a century the Army of the United States has ba:i no offer certain amendments which will bring out the facts. active service other than taking care of Indians. These, or a There seems to be something peculiar about this Indian busi- greater number of officers and men, have been kept there for ness. So long as an appropriation is for Indians or Indian agents years. Gentlemen say that the army officer does not want this everything goes. place. That does not matter. He has been educated at the I propose at the outset to occupy a few moments in referring Government's expense and is clothed by it and paid by it to obey to the last report of the honorable Commissioner of Indian Af- orders, and I believe that if I were an officer of the Army I would fairs, under the heading of "Army officers as agents." He says: rather take my orders from one of the chief officers of the United I regard the policy of substituting army omcers for civilians with grave States, the Secretary of the Interior, than from a political ac­ apprehension. It should be borne ill mind that the work of an Indian agent cident. is civil rather than military. He is an administrator in civil atrairs; has to do with eaucation, with the promotion of civilization, with the adjudication More than that, the Indians everywhere respect the military, of q_uestions pertaining to th~ rifJhts of person and property, and his whole and they do not respect th~ political agent. As I have said, ~~~~S: £~:~~~ ;:ec;l~~f~~:~~~~i~~f;!~~gs~l~::.ience, and ideas rather when the bill comes up for discuEsion under the five-minute That there have been Indian agents who have faile:l to comprehend their rule I shall call attention to anotbeJ' feature of it. You appoint duties and who have not discharged them with emciency, or who have not fifty-eight Indian agents, and then in this bill you provide for been men of high character, above suspicion, is doubtless true; but the rec- five special agents with large salaries·, you provide for five spe­ ords of the Army show that such men sometimes wear uniforms. It cer- tainly is a very severe commentary upon our civiliz::J.tion if it can be truth- cial inspectors, making ten in all; and I declare that, so far a-s I tully said, or if the idea is even prevalent, that there can not be found in the have seen-and I know something of Arizona and of California­ United States fifty-seven men taken from civil life who are well qualified in the service is a mere J·unketing expedition and nothing else. It character, attainments, andexecutiveforce to administer atrairs at as m:my agencies. is an appointment given as a reward that a printer would call a So far as the substitution of military omcersfor civilians is an expression "fat take." of a. desire t-:> rid the Indian servit::e of what is popularly known as the I have met many of these nice old and young Indian inspectors. ·• spoils " idea, I am in full sympathy with it, and in so far as it would tend Th f h to rescue the Indiau service from partisan politic3 a.nd place it upon the ree o t em came to San Diego and sent me word that they basis of a purely business administration, or to call into service men who wanted to see me. They arrived on the afternoon train and are especially qualified for their respective duties and to retain them there went to a first-class hotel. I went down and saw them; had a g:l:it~\.~~~t~~:ta~;~n~~~~g;~eir work shall have been accomplished, it discussion with them, and they took the first train out of town I think, however, that these evils can be removed and the ends desired be the next morning without having got within 25 miles of an accomplished in another way, without so great and violent a change as is in- Indian. They got their travelinz expenses, sleeping-car fare, volved in the subst.itution of army omcers for civilian agents. The work of civil administration is not one to which army omcers have and per diem all the same while on this arduous duty. been specially trained, nor one for which they have any special aptitude. Mr. PICKLER. That is the reason you are against them? While it is doubtless true that there are many men in the Army wh.J are J\1r BOWERS I a a · t th. · k t• y t capable of doing this kind of work with gratifying success, it is also true · · m gains lS JUll e mg · ou can pu that it is wholly foreign to the military idea, and that it is imposing upon in this bill $-10,000 for these junketing expeditions, but you can the Army a new duty that must, of necessity, work more or less disaster to not put in $5,000 to defend the white men who hold a United the morale of the Army itse11. If the Indian agencies are to be filled by the States patent which your corporations want to take away from appointment of the best men that can be found in the Army, this would I h make a drain upon ttthati should suppose would be severely felt; and if by them. t seems t at anything that is for the Indian or Indian thos3 who are not desirable and whom the Army 'vill be glad to get rid of, it agent " goes," no matter what the amount may be. certainly will be a great misfortune to the Indian service. M PICKLER B tall th th · t d 11 • th The change is ill advised; was not called for by the circumstances of the r. · u e same, ere lS no a 0 ar In e case; that it will not bring about the advantages which some of its advo- bill for junketing. cates hope for; and that it is liable at least to produce unhappy fruits. I Mr. BOWERS. Every dollar of the appropriation I am speak- sincerely hope that before the policy has become an established rule the law ing of is for junketing, and the gentleman knows it. may be changed. Mr. Chairman, I would like to know how you would get it out The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from California must not of politics in any other way, for there neve.c bas been an Indian be interrupted without his consant. agent appointed in the United States that was not a political ap- Mr. BOWERS. Now, Mr. Chairman, I want gentlemen to pointment. understand (because I always fig-ht openly) 4that at the proper - Again, he says that" the agency system is doomed and ought time I propose to offer to this bill an amendment substantially to be, and should go speedily." In that I agree with him. in this form, "provided that no money appropriated in this bill He speaks of the Indian agents and of the officers of the Army shall be paid for the education or support of any Indian in any not being educated to fit them to act as Indian agents. Now, I school owned, controlled, or under the supervision of any church say that their education fits them better for it than any civilian or any religious denomination whatever." You have no consti­ agents that you have, batter than the political schools of any tutional right to appropriate money for any suc.h purpose. Here political party can; and above all he is taught to hold his honor, is the statement from the Indian Commissioner's report: his integrity, above all else. CONTRACT SCHOOLS. M PICKLER H ? The following table shows the amount of money set apart by the Indian r. · OW· Office during the eight years to various individuals, churches, and other or- Mr. BOWERS. I have only ten minutes and I can not be in- 5anizations engaged in the work of Indian education: TABLE 6.-.Amounts set apartfor vm·ious religious bodies for Indian educatirmfo1' each of the .fiscal yea1·st886 to 1893, incl~taive. Total for 1886. 1887. 1888. 1889. 1890. 1891. 1892. 1893. 8 years.

Roman Catholic------______$118,343 $194,635 $221,169 $347, 672 $356,957 $363, 349 $394, 755 IF369, 535 $2, 356,416 Presbyterian·------·· 32,995 37,910 36,500 41,825 47,61:0 44 850 44,310 29,040 315,080 208,819 ~~~;!~~~a~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~==~~==:::::::::::::::::: 1~:~~ i&:~~g ~:~ ~,310 -----~~~=------~:-~~------~~~~~------~~~- 23,310 Alaska Training SchooL ...... ------4,175 4,175 ------______.... ____ .... ____ .... . •.. ------8, 350 EpiscopaL ...... ------...... ____ 1, 890 3, 690 18,700 24, 876 29,910 23,220 4, 860 107,146 Friends------1,960 27,845 14,4.60 23,383 23,383 24,743 24,743 10,020 150, E37 Mennonite ______------.. : . .... ------__ ------3, 340 2, 500 3,125 4, 375 4, 375 4, 375 3, 750 2.'>, 810 1,5'23 WJ~~~~~-'- ~-~~ :: ======:::::::::::::: :: ==== :::::: ~: ~ ------5; 400· -· · · -- 5;4oo· · · · ·--5; 4oo------5; 4oo------s: 4oo· ·· ----s: 400· 33,750 Lutheran, Wittenberg, Wis '------1,350 4,050 7,560 9,180 16,2GO 1-5,120 53,4.60 33,345 6, 480 6, 375 Appropriation~:r!:~~g~~~~~======~======:~~~======for Lincoln Institution ...... ____ ------======~33,4.00 ======33,400 ~======33,400 ------~·-:-33,400 ----- 33,400-~~:------:::-33,400 _____ 33,400:;::------tf~-33,400 267, 200 Appropriation for Hampton Institute------20,040 20,040 20,040 20,040 20,040 20,040 20,040 20,040 160,320 Total----- ~------228,2591 363,214 376,264 529,905 562,640 I 570,2181 611,570 1 525,881 I 3, 767,951 * mscontinued. t This contract was made last year with the Board of Home Missions of the Methodist Episcopal Church. As that organization did not wish to make any contracts for thecurrent fiscal year, the contract was renewed with Mrs. Daggett. 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2021

When I entered uuon my duties in the office I found this policy in active The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Washington is not operation. From small beginnings it had in a short space of time grown to now in his seat. The Chair recognizes the gentleman fro-::n New large proportions and was rapidly increasing. . . . The policy seemed to me to be an unwise one, partly because 1t 1s usmg York. public funds for sectarian uses, which is certainly contrary to the spirit of Mr. ROCKWELL Mr. Chairman, I have already stated that the Constitution and directly opposed to the letter of many of the State con­ I am opposed to some of the provisions of this bill! and that I stitutions. Much of the work attempted by contract or church schools is distinctively missionary work, designed primarily to promote the interest alone voted against reporting it because of my opposition to those of the particular church engaged in it. In many of them the chief aim of provisions. The chairman of the committee has stated to this the instructors is to propagate the J?ll.rticular form of faith held by the church responsible for the school, while the work of affording such a train­ Hous3 that this bill carries in appropriations slightly mora than ing as would prepare the pupils to earn an independent livelihood is neces­ the bill of last year. The statement of t'!le report is that the ag­ sarily secondary and remote. gregate of the bill is $7,535,551, which is slightly more than the None of these schools can be brought under the same sort of inspection .... and control that is extended over the G-overnment schools, and consequently appropriations last year. many things which the Indian Office regards as abuses or deficiencies can Now, Mr. Chairman, as I remember, the Indian appropriation not bo corrected. It is difficult to exercise any kind of supervision over such bill of last year embraced a ver,y large amo;1nt, several hundred institutions without giving offense to those in charge of them. To avoid thousand dollars more for the Sioux on ac ~ount of the teeaties sue~ f~iction it seems best to me that the work of education through public funds should be confine:! entirely to the Government schools, where it can that had racently been made with them, than this bill contains; be under the absolute control of the Indian Office. · and the present reduction lie3 largely in tae appropriation for Notwithstanding my o"'-n personal views in this matter, I have not the Sioux. thoug-ht lt wise to suddenly interrupt a policywhich.wa& the ~rt year nominations engaged in, the work, and this has given rise to a good deal of contained certain appropriations for extinguishing the Indian jealousy and of criticism or the Indian Olll.ce. title to lands and giving tho3e lands to white settlers. This bill There has been during the past year a grea.t de:J.l of public discussion re­ garding the matter of contract schools, and there is a very general consensus contains no such provision, so far as I know. of opinwn among the great masses of the people that the work of education Mr. PEEL. My friend is very much mistaken about the Del­ for the Indians should be can-ie:l on either by the Government through its awares. If he will examine the matter ho will. find that the O\\'ll agencies or uy ili.dividuals and churches at their own expense. The appropriation of public funds for sectarian uses is almost universally provision in the last bill with reference to the Dalawares was condemned, and while there has bean no radical change in the policy of the not for the purpose oE extinguishing their title to their lands. Government regarding this matter, there has been a very practical change Mr. ROCKWELL. For the purpose of paying them. in the attitude of the churches. The Friends have given up their work among) the Eastern Cherokees; the Mr. PEEL. To pay them for right of way which was desired Methodists have ceased to ask for any public money for their schools; the by some railroad company. Episcop::tlians have largely reduced the amounts ~sked for their schools.* Mr. ROCKWELL. The appropriation was to pay certain The amount allowej for contract schools for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1893, is considerably less than that for the year ending June 30, 1892. This moneys which wera notcontinuing appropriations and do not oc­ decrease arises from three causes: (1) The fact that a number of contract cur in the present bill. The other re:lu:::tio:1s ara made in the schools have been given up;bythechurches and are hereafter to be controlled appropriations for Indian schools. In this way the bill has been by the Government; (2) the amount of money set apart for contract schools for next year has been based generally upon the average attendance for last very materially reduced below the est~mat~s made by the De­ yeat·, which, in many cases, was less than the number then contracted for; partment. and (3), owing to the large reduction by Congress in the estimates of the In­ Now, sir, it must be remembered that the bill of last year as dian Office for educational purposes, it ha'3 been found absolutely necessary, in order to keep the expenditures for the coming school year within toe it passed this House did not carry nearly so much money as the limits of the appropriation, to reduce somewhat the total set apart for con­ bill when it finally became a law; for, after leaving our hands, tract schools. it had to undergo consideration in the body which sits at the other end of the Capitol, a body which has uniformly increased Here we have three and three quarter millions of Q.ollars paid very largely the amounts carried by our bills. So that this bill, to thes3 religious societies and contract schools for the educa­ which carries simply, as has been said, appropriations for ordi­ tion of Indians in eight years, of which the Catholic Church has nary expenses of the Indian sarvice, for the ordinary and legit­ had $2,356,446-the church getting the next highest amount is imate purposes for which an appropriation bill for the Indian the Presbyterian, $315,0~0. None of the other churches could Eervice should be passed, without any provision for the fulfillment compete wi~h the Catholic, and so they are drawing out of the of special treatie3, and without appropriations for the purchase contest. The Commissione1· clos-es his report with the following of a single acre of land or the extinguishment of the Indian title paragraphs, extraordinary in view of the balance of the report: to a single acre-when this bill shall have undergone the teeat­ Third. There is danger that the efforts to purify the Indian service, lift it ment which it will cartainly receive at the other end of the Cap­ out ofp3litics, and place it upon the firm basis of justice and of business methods, wtll be thwarted by those who are interested in keeping to the old itol, you will find the bill, instead of being an economical one, system and of nslng the Indian service for personal, political, and other mer­ as compared with the bill of last year, will be very much larger cenary ends. in amount than that one was. Fourth. '.rhere is danger that the Christian people of this country in the Mr. KYLE. Will the gentleman allow me a question? present transitio::l sta.~e of the work. will fail to appreciate the importance of distinctively missionary work for these people by virtue of which they may be Mr. ROCKWELL. Yes; I yield for a question. weaned from their superstitions and gross errors and be led to the practical Mr. KYLE. I desire to call the gentleman's attention to a acceptance of those fundamental truths which all thoughtful Christian men regard as essential to their welfare. provision of this bill with reference to payment to the Chicka­ saws. The provision is on page D, beginnLng at line 19; and I The only difference in churches is the measure of their tem­ would like to have some explanation of it. I find that this bill poral power. Every cent oi this amount so appropriated for proposes to pay to the Chickasaw Indians something over $114,- these schools is in violation of the Constitution that we have all ·00J in the way of interest at 5 per cent on a debt of $184,000. sworn to ooey. This Congress has also deliberately passed a Tt seems that this debt goes back to 1840. It is mora than law respecting the establishment of religion, which is expressly fifty years since the debt bacame due. I would like to have prohibited by the Constitution-the actclosing the World's Fair some explanation as to how the Government proposes now to on Sunday. It was passed at the demand of religionists, of take up this claim, of mora than fifty years ago, and pay interest churches, for religious purposes solely. We have not only on it at the rate of 5 per cent, which on $184,000 would amount violated our oaths, but have entered upon a dangerous course of to upwards of $550,000. legislation more serious than many realize. Mr. PEEL. I will at the proper time explain that fully, let As an American citizen I am in favor of the largest liberty to me say to the gentleman from Mississippi. all religions and all churches that are not subversive of the Mr. ROCKWELL. Mr. Chairman, I had hoped that the chair­ moral and physical well being of the people; but no temporal man of the committee would have given that explanation before power for any. I say to one and all of them keep your hands off I rose to submit the remarks I propcse to make on the pending this Government; keep your hands off the public schools. r.rhese bill. I am unable to answer the question of the gentleman from are the bounds we should set for them. :Mississippi in full for this reason: I neYer saw this item in this 'rhe CHAIRMAN. The Chair recognizes the gentleman from bill-it was never called to my attention until after the bill was New York [Mr. ROCKWELL]. printed, after it had come into the House. Mr. ROCKWELL. I think, Mr. Chairman, we should now I have b~en unable to find any recomm2ndation from any of­ hear from some gentleman of the minority. Some time was re­ ficer of the Government for this payment. I have examined served by the gentleman from Washington [Mr. WILSON]. the estimates-the estimates which were submitted and used for the purpose of framing this bill-and find that this iterr: is not * Since the above was written the Presbyterians, Episcopalians, and Con­ mentioned there. I h_ave examin~d car0fully the report of the gregationalil:$tS have voted to discontinue receiving Government aid for their Secretary o.f the InteriOr, the report of the Attorney-General, schools, For their official action see Appendix. page -. and the report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, and I .have 2022 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 22, been unable to :Q.nd any recommendation anywhere for the pay­ Mr. ROCKWELL. I know by the act itself. I kno.v that ment of the claim. Now, what is the claim itself? when Congress passes upon an unliquidated claim for damages Mr. PEEL. U my colleague will allow me-­ and awards, a lump sum to pay that claim, and the Indians them­ Mr. ROCKWELL. Certainly. selves accept that amount, they are estopped from claiming in­ Mr. PEEL. My colleague was not on the subcommittee that terest; and there is no legal obligation upon Congress to pay made up the bill. interest upon such claim. Mr. ROCKWELL. That is tr ue. Now, after having received this in the appropriation bill of Mr. PEEL. When the report was made by the subcommittee 1890, they come back to Congress and ask to go back fifty years, of five members to the full committee the report was adopted to 1840, and get interest upon that claim, the claim having been as a whole, the items being not considered separately. But I already settled and adjudicated and paid by act of Congr ess. have plenty of documents from the Department to establish this Now the balance of this claim, which is the same amount recited claim, which I will at the proper time submit. in the clause of the bill I have just read, is cpntainP.d in the In­ Mr. KILGORE. Will the gentleman from New York allow a dian appropriation bill of 1892. That bill contains these words: question? For reimbursement of the general fund of the Chickasaw N ation for mon­ Mr. ROCKWELL. Certainly. eys impro-perly disbursed from said fund, as a scertained by the Secretary or the Interior, as required by article 4 of the treaty with the Ch ickasaws, dated Mr. KILGORE. If the gentleman from New York was not on June 22, 1852, $56,021.49, being amount paid to assignee of W. M. Gwin, and the subcommittee, and therefore not familiar with the item in omitted from the appropriation act of Mar ch 2, 1881:1. question, how was it that it was not considered in the entire Those two items were paid without any pretensa at that time committee before it was placed in the bill? that interest should be paid, the act saying nothing abnutinter­ 11r. ROCKWELL. I will ·answer that question, although I est, and being a settlement, as appears on its face, of their claim thinkthe chairman of the committee has answered it practically. up to date, notwithstanding which they come back to Congress This bill was prepared by a subcommittee consisting of five and ask that they shall have fifty years interest. If this is any­ members of the Committee on Indian Affairs. It was submitted thing it is an equitable claim against the Government. There by the subcommittee to the general committee on the 2d day of is no legal obligation to pay it. February. It had one hour's examination on that day, which There is no legal obligation on Congress to pay interest in tim') was principally devoted to the first two pages of the bill any event; and when this item is reached in the bill, I shall in­ in reference to the fifty-eight Indian agents. On the next day, sist that it is subject to a point of order, in that it is new legis· for the first time this session, the House had decided to meet at lation, that it increases expenditures, and that it is also subject 11 o'clock, and the committee met at half past 10 o'clock. to a point of order by reason of Rule XLII, which says that all esti­ A motion was made jn the committee to relieve the general mates for the payment o ~ any claims, and all other communica­ committee from any further consideration of the bill and report tions from Executive D .3partments, intended for any committees it to the House, and on that motion I alone voted "no." So that of the House, shall be a:ldressed to the Speaker and by him sub­ the bill nevet' received the consideration of the full committee, mitted to the House for· reference. and therefore not having received that consideration, I did not If any such documtlnts have b een addressed to the gentleman, ¥ow anything of this item. Is that an answer to the gentle­ they are in his possession; and they should have been ad.dressed man's question? to the Speaker and referred to the House. I think I have an­ Mr. KILGORE. That answers it. swered the question of the gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. Mr. ROCKWELL. Now, as to the item itself. KYLEl. I will not take up any more time upon that subject This proposition, Mr. Dhairman, carries the sum of $558,522 now, but when the proposition is reached under the five-minute being for interest, it is said, on the sum of $184,143.09 of the trust rule and the point of order is raised it will be open for discus­ fund of the Chickasaw Nation, "erroneously dropped from the sion. books of the United States prior to Decembsr 31, 1840, and re­ ! -will say, however, that there is another item in this bill of stored December 27, 18 7, by the award of the Secretary of the the same character precisely, found on page 13, which proposes Interior, under the fourth article of the treaty of June 22, 1852, to pay back to the Choctaw orphan reservation fund interest at and for arrears of interest at 5 per cent per annum, from March 5 per cent per annum on an amount that was disbursed by W. G. 11, 1850, to ·March 3, 1890, on $56,020.49 of the trust fund of the Coffin, superintendent of Indian affairs for the southern super­ Chickasaw Nation erroneously dropped from the books of the intendency, for the rellef of loyal Cherokee Indians, reimbursed United States March 11, 1850, and restored December 27, 1887, by to the Choctaws by act approved August 19, 1890. The language the award of the Secretary of the Interior, under the fourth ar­ of the bill is as follows: ticle of the treaty of June 22, 1852, $558,520.54. This amount to reimburse theCh')ctaw orphan reservation fund, being in· Mr. KILGORE. How much was the original indebtedness? terest at 5per cent per annum, from the 4th day of June, 1863, to the 18th day of Mr. ROCKWELL. I answer the gentleman by saying that August, 1890, on the sum of $15,000, taken from said fund on the 4th day of June, 18~ , by order of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs a.nd advanced to William the original indebtedness as stated in the bill was $184,143.09. G. Coffin, superintendent of Indian affairs for the southern su-perintendency, But that has been paid by act of Congress which I hold in my for the relief of loyal Cherokee Indians, reimbursed to the Choctaws by act hand and which I will read. approved August 19, 1890, ~~.406 . 16. This bill indicates that this sum is due because of a mistake in In oth er wor ds they claim that while they were acting with bookkeepino-, and was restored in pursuance of treaty stipulation the Confederacy their funds were improperly disbursed to the to the books by action of the Secretary of the Interior. wrong Indians. They came to Congress in 1890 and that matter The fact is, Mr. Chairman, that for forty years the Chick;asaw was settled in the same manner as the other. They received Nation have had a lobby around Congressforthepurpose of col­ their appropriation by virtue of that appropriation bill. Here lecting this claim._ It consistei of two items. The Indians had, is the clause of the appropriation of 1890: ever since 1840, been making this claim. They had come befor e This amount, to reimburse the Choctaw orphan r eservation fund, being Congress time and again for the purpose of getting a settlement the sum taken from said fund on the 4th day of June, 1863, by order of the Commissi oner of Indian Affairs, and advanced to W illiam G. Coffin, super­ of alleged claims which they made against tp.e United States, intenden t of Indian Affairs for the southern superintendency, for the relief · and in 1890! in the Indian appropriation bill, this clause was in­ of loyal Cherokee Indians, $15,000. serted: Now, that was the amount. The only way the Government For reimbursement of the general fund of the Chickasaw Nation for mon­ came to pay this $15,000 was, as stated in the appropriation bill eys im-properly disbursed from sa..id fund, as ascertained by the Secretary of the Interior, as requh·ed by article 4 of the treaty with the Chickasaws, dated of 1891, to repay this $15,000 in full settlement of the claim; and June 2't, 1852 (less payment or $56,021.49 to assignee of W. M. Gwin, $84,862. 68. they now come back and ask thirty years' interest, amounting on For reimbursement of the Chickasaw incompetent fund for moneys im­ the sum of $240,000-- properly disbursed from said fund, as ascertained by the ~ecretary of the Interior, as required by article 4 of the treaty with the Chickasaws, dated Mr. KILGORE. Do I understand the gentleman to say that ·June22, 1852,$99,280.41. this is an i tern in the bill now being considered? Mr. ROCKWELL. That item you will find on page 13 of the Making altogether the sum of $184,000. bill; and I believe it is subject to the point of order, as I stated That was intended as a settlement with the Chickasaws up to with reference to the other. that time of their claims on account of the mattsr in contro­ Mr. KILGORE. It is a claim of $15,000 for interest. versy between them and the Government. There was no pre­ Mr. ROCKWELL. Simply $15,000 for interest paid to these tense-- men in 1891. Mr. PEEL. I would like to ask the g entleman a question. Mr. KILGORE. Are you not aware of the fact that you have The CHAIRMAN. Does the gentleman from New York yield to pay Indians four or five times before you can get rid of them? to the gentleman from Arkansas? Mr. ROCKWELL. That seems to be rule as displayed by Mr. ROCKWELL. Yes. this item. Mr. PEEL. I believe the gentleman was not a member of Now, there is still a third of these items. It is also another Congress when that settlement was made. I was a member of old soldier. On page 16 of this bill I find this item: Congress at that time. I would like to know how the gentleman For the expense of transportation of 2i4 Creek Indiansat~O each, andsub­ knows that was a final settlement. sistence for twelve months, at $25 each, for 160 Creek Indians, said Indians

. \ 1893. OONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. being named and described by the Acting Commissioner of Indian Afl:1irs in boarding and training schools owned by the Government, with Senate Executive Document No. 198, Fiftieth Congress, first session, the sum their organized corps of teachers paid by the Government, an o!!JiU',222. aggregate of 12,265. It is a claim alleged to have arisen in 1826-a long time ago. As I have said, in these schools the average attendance was It is said to have arisen under the treaty of 1826. only 7 ~622. leaving on unused capacity of nearly 5,000 pupils. Now, I want to say with reference to all these items, that not That 1s, the attendance was only 62 per cent of the capacity, one of them was ever considered by the Committee on Indian leaving an unused capacity of 3~ per Pent; more than one-third; Affairs. I have looked through the r eports of all the officers while at the same time we were paying for educating, in other who have to deal with these subjects, and I have been unable at boarding schools not owned by the Government, 4, 789 pupils. any time, anywhere, or in any place, to get any reasonable ex­ From the figures I have given it will be-seeu hat we could planation to show that the Government is in any way liable for take all those pupils, every one of them, and put them into the the paymentof this sum; and if i'G were voted itwould be a mere schools owned and kept by the Government, and still have room gratuity, and will bring every one of theae provisions within the left for 250 more. inhibition of the second section of Rule XXI of this House. This illustrates the manner in which the affairs of the Indian Mr. KILGORE. Does this bill describe tbo circumstances School Bureau have been administered, and, Mr. Chairman, at under which this claim accrued? the proper time I shall move to strike out the provisions in this Mr. ROCKWELL. It describes nothing but what I have read bill for the maintenanca of the school at Ham_~Jton, for the main­ from the bill. tenance of Lincoln Institute, and for the maintenance of several­ Mr. KILGORE. Do I understand it simply givestheamount? other boarding schools in different parts of the country where Mr. ROCKWELL. It gives the amount, and says it accrued we are hiring the education of these Indian pupilG-I shall, I say, between the years 1832 and 18!0. offer an amendment striking out those provisions and providing Now, I have proceeded with the particular criticism which I for the removal of the pupils in ~ o the schools owned by the Gov­ have to maktj upon this bill until I reach the subject of the edu­ ernment which now are only two-thirds filled, as appears from cationaf system of the Indians. Upon that subject I desire to the statistics found in the report of the Commissioner of Indian say that I do not believe that this bill carries any too much Affairs. money for Indian education. If anything, I believe it carries Mr. KILGORE. If that change were made, would it result in too little to make it what I bad desired to s .... e appropriated for a reduction of expenditures? that object. I desire to make some criticism on the way in which Mr. ROCKWELL. I can not. see Mr. Chairman, why it would the appropriations of money have grown up and the manner in not result in the reduction of the entire expenditure now made which they have been expended. for these nearly five thousand pupils, and they cost us on an av­ Now, Mr. Chairman, some ten years ago the people of this erage, about $175 a year. country, having become tired of fighting the Indians, the In­ Mr. KILGORE. What do the others cost that we educate in dian Rights Association and very many other good people, peo­ the Government schools? ple who are devoted to the welfare of the Indians, believing that .Mr. ROCKWELL. Probably about as much, but, as the gen­ it was cheaper and better to feed and educate the Indian than to tleman will remember, we already have the "plant," the schools, fight him, instituted and began to carry out this system of Indian with capacity for these additional pu:pils, and it will not cost education. Appropriations have been freely made upon the es­ very much more to support these schools when used to their full timates. capacity than when used to only two-thirds of their capacity, as All that has bBen asked for has been given. From year to at present. year the estimates have come and the amountshavebeen appro· Mr. HOLMAN. The gentleman must also take into acco:.mt priated. The criticism that I have to make is not upon the the cost of transporting the pupils to these schools in the East. amount of money appropriated, but upon the manner in which Mr. ROCKWELL. Yes~ :Mr. Chairman, in ad.dition to what that money has been expended; and upon that I desire to call I have already mentioned there is to be borne in mind the fact the attention of this House to some statistics which not only that these sixty reservation schools are, of course, built right ought to surprise the House, but to startle the people of the on the reservations, and most of the twenty training schools are United States. built in the immediate vicinity of the reservations, so that there Theseappropriationsin1881amounted to$75,000. Thatistwelve is little or no charge for transportation, while, on the other years ago. They grew gradually year by year until in 1886 they hand, it is a very large item of transportation to bring eight had reached $1,000,000; in 1889 they had reaclled $1,348,000; in :Q.undred children across the continent to Hampton and to Lin­ 1892 they had reached $2,291,000; and in 1893, by the last appro­ coln Institute and to other schools in the East, and then to trans­ priation bill, the current appropriation bill, the amount appro­ port them back. priated for the purpose of Indian schools was $2,312,385. Besides, sir, there is another and graver matter that deserves Now, what have we to show for this? These moneys have to be considered in this connection, and I am glad that the gen­ been expended by the Commissioner of Indian Affairs without tleman from Indiana, by his question, has reminded me of it. any supervision of Congress whatever. No restrictions have By taking these Indian children from the high altitudes of the been thrown around their expenditure, and the result is shown R ocky Mountains where they were born, at some places 7,000 in the fact that we have twenty nonreservation training schools, feet above the sea level, or taking them from the arid plains of most of them built at an expense anywhere from $75,000 to Arizona and bringing them down to the sea shore, with the nat­ $225,000, with well-equipped teachers and professors, running ural tendency toward pulmonary complaints which they all have, up to twenty-five, on an average; in many cases the schools fur­ a great many of them die ol such diseases at Hampton and these nished with steam heat, electric lights, and all the appliances of other Eastern schools. ~ modern civilization; and sixty reservation boarding schools, I speak earnestly and sincer~ly when I say that to get the In­ making eighty in au; which have been built out of the funds ap­ dian children in the West to bring to these Eastern schools the propriated in the manner to which I called the attention of the agants have been obliged to go out upon the reservations and House a moment or two ago. almost lasso the children and bring them here, against the will I find from the r eport of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs of their parents. The cause of this is that there have been so for the current year that the average attendance at the contrad many deaths of Indian pupils at these Eastern schools that it and boarding schools during the year 1892 (mind you, attendance is a common thing on those reservations to hear the older In­ of Indian children at boarding schools) was 12,504, and that the dians say, "Oh, they took my boy away from home to send him attendance of Indian children in primary schools was only 2,663. to school, and they killed him." That is what creates the prej­ In other words, they have got the system wrong end up, and of udice against the Indian boarding schools in the East. all the children in school during the past year, only 17 per cent Now, in December of last year, after this Congress met, the are in the primary schools as against 83 per cent in boarding and Commissioner of Indian Affairs wrote a letter to the Secretary training schools supported at the expense of the Government. of the Interior, in which he confessed his inability to fill up There is another phase of this matter to which I desire to call these boarding schools to their full capacity; and he complained the .attention of the House and of the country. In the training b acause he was not allowed the use of the Army of the United and boarding schools owned and supported by the Government, States to enforce the police powers he had arrogated to himself these 80 schools that I have spoken about, there was an average in order to compel these Indians to give up their children to be attendance during the last year of 7,622 pupils, and in the con­ placed in the schools. tract schools not owned by the Government, schools like Hamp­ Mr. HOLMAN. Will the gentleman allow me a single l'e­ ton and Lincoln Institute of ~hiladelphia, and various institu­ mark? tions scattered throughout the country, there were 4,789pupils. Mr. ROCKWELL. Certainly. At the same time the capacity of the schools in operation dur­ Mr. HOLMAN. It was proved beiore a committee of the ing the last year, I mean the schools owned by the Government, House some years ago that for the purpo:::eof compelling parents was 11,495 pupils, to be increased 770 more by schools that w~re to give up their children for this purpose, their rations were compl~ted during th9 year, giving a capacity in Government stopped until they would comply with the demand. 2024 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 22, .

Mr. ROCKWELL. Now, I repeat, the Commissioner of Indian Mr. ROCKWELL. Mr. Chairman, Capt. Penny is exactly Affairs wrote that letter confessing his inability to fill the schools right when he says that this system of taking Indian pupils thou­ and complaining because the Army of the United States would sands of miles away from their homes and giving them an edu­ not cooperate with him to enforce the taking of the children cation in one of thesa training schools, simply makes of them :from their parents for the purpose of being placed in these galvanized white men, not educated Indians. I did not believe schools. statements of this kind last year when this bill was under dis­ After rBading that letter I ,was interviewed by some gentleman cussion, although such Rtatements were made by a great many of the press, and in the course of that int3rview I made the gentlemen on the floor who had more practical knowledge of the statement which I most earnestly and sincerely believe after a matter than I had. very careful study of this question~ that the thing to be done is But I now hold in my hand the report made for the current to furnish most of these Indians with primary schools upon their year by the Superintendent of Indian Schools, whom I believe to reservations where the school may come in contact with the be a very capable gentleman, and who, in discussing this very parent, where it will become an educational force operating upon question as to what b3comes of these" galvanized white men" the parent as well as the child, and doing away with the sus­ after they have received the finishing touches in the training picion or hatred of the Indian boarding schools, occa'3ioned, per­ schools, uses in his official report the following language: haps, ignorantly by the causes to which I have recently alluded. One of the most intelligent friends of the Indians, and one of the staunch­ That interview came to the knowledge of a gentleman who, est advocates of the most advanced meastu·es-educational, civil, and eco­ as some membersof the House will remembar, after the troubles nomic-of the present Indian Bureau, Philip C. Garrett, esq., of Phila­ delphia, after along tour of visitations a~ongthelndian reservations during at the Pine Ridge Agency, where there was a failure .of the the past season, said: civilian Indian aO'ent to maintain order there, was deta1led as "Another impression I have received is that it is true, to a much greater the Indianagent~tthat place, andhe wentthere and discharged extent than we have hoped, that young Indians returned to the reservation after a thorough education, relapse into a. barbarousmodeoflife; especially the duties. is this so of the girls, who are bought of their fathers by some admirer for so I r efer to Capt. Charles G. Penny. He saw this interview; many ponies, and, not entirely loth, accept marriage under the old condi­ and in or der that this House may see that the conclusions I state tions, and soon become drudges for lazy young bucks. ''Boys and girls go back to their parents in tepees or huts, with few of the are not founded upon a lack of practical knowledge of this mat­ accompaniments of civilized life. They have, in the camps, absolutely no ter, are not formed merely in the committee room or by a study applicatioa of the industries they have learned. Their parents will not let of books and theories, but are the conclusions of men who have them introduce the better way and deride them as "white folks." After a. while they despair of being able to carry out the life they were taught to live had practical acquaintance with the subject, I send to the Clerk's at school, and in utter discouragement give themselves up again to the bar­ desk a lett-er written to me by Capt. Penny, now of Cleveland, barism around them. They know better, but are unable in this environ­ formerly Indian agent at Pine Ridge. He has given me permis­ m ent to apply their knowledge." sion tJprint this letter as a part of my remarks; and I esk atten­ tion while it is read by the Clerk. ·Now let me read fur Lher from this report of the superintend­ The Clerk read as follows: ent of Indian schools. I read from page 65: 142 ONTARIO STREET, CLEVELAND, OHIO, IJecembu• 19, 1892. We come now to what I reg3.rd as the main point in the problem of Indi::m civilization. I do not see how the friends of the Indian can resi<>t the con­ DEAR Srn: I have, within a few days, received an extract from a report viction that the lever or uplift must be applied nearer the base of Indian life­ made by you on the matter of primary schools on the reservation for In­ directly on the reservations. This conYiction I have repeatedly expressed, dians, aud would be very glad of an opportunity to see the whole report on and I find it is growing in other minds, especially among those familiar with the subject. . . the Indian reservation. It is the most important work to be done, and will I have recently been on duty as Indian agent at the Pine Ridge Agency, go farther towards the solution of the Indian problem than the removal of a and can bear testimony to the viciousness of the educational (so called) few pupils now and then, to distant schools, can ever accomplish. policy now in vogue. The present system is little better than kidnapping 'l'he reservatioas must be lifted and made more tolerable and helpful as a means to proviile pupils for boarding schools on the reservation and places. Schools must be multiplied on the reservations and made more "Indian training schools " elsewhere. effective in the very centers of Indian life. It is true that the children can 0! course no physical force is used, but the whole moral power and influ­ not be lifted as fast or as high as can be done by taking them away to out­ ence of the Department is used to compel parents to part with their chil­ side schools, but the re.servations are lifted year by year by every well-con­ dren. This begets a feeling of distrust, which is intensified when the chil­ ducted school. The employ~s, if well selected, will make the schools inter­ drenreturn after an absence of several years completely weaned from the esting and instructive object lessons in the eyes of the old Indians. customs, habits, speech, and ways of life of t?-e :parents; ~h~n the inevita­ There is this great advantage from reservation schools. '.rhe young In­ ble reaction sets in and to overcome the preJudice agams ~ him or her the dians are kept in touch with their parents, and when at last they drop out returned graduate dons a blanket, returns to the teepee, refuses even t·O talk of school there is no feeling of revulsion, jealousy, or opposition, and very English, and in the endeavor to regain the lost touch with their people and little lapse. At the same time some elements of better life have every year become thoroughly one of them "the last state of this man is worse than been carried out into the Indian homes and the ideas and customs of the the first." tribe have been modified and elevated. This is the bottom line of the Indian The one-horse universities and training schools soeag£r for Indian pupils problem; it applies to our civilization most effectively where it is most are really hungering for the share of public money which goes with each needed. Indian for his "support" while a. member of the school. This money comes out of the appropriations for the education of Indians, and the whole body of Indians has to stand U.. Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. Do I understand the gentleman A better way is easy of adoption, and will meet fully the wishes of the In­ to() favor braaking up the Indian schools at Carlisle, Pa., and dians. All money should be spent in maintaing district schools, plentifully Hampton, Va.? distributed on the reservations, where the elements (the immortal and all­ conquering three R's) of an English education should be taught. Mr. ROCKWELL. The school at Carlisle, Pa., is owned and This instruction should be direct, positive, and clear, inculcating moral­ controlled by the Government. It is one of the schools I want ity, but free from doctrinal religion, and should be on common sense princi­ to see filled. I am in favor of transferring the Indian children ples without any tinctures of fads or fancies, or flights toward some "higher ideal." There has been too muchofidealiza.tion, which has been a conven­ whom we are now supporting by contract at Hampton, Va., and ient cloak for fraud. This primary education might be supplemented by putting them into one of the large brick school buildings fur­ some manual training, at first in a small way, to be gradually developed as nished with electric lights and steam heat and equipped with the need for it may grow. large corps of teachers, buildings which the Government now It will take time to change awholepeople from the status of pure barbar­ ism to civilization, and there is and has always been much need for com­ owns upon these reservations. I would place these children mon sense and common honesty. The system now in vogue may make gal­ there rather than bring them from the high altitudes of the vaniz:ed white men; it never will make civilized Indians. 'l'he influence of the education and training of the young before the eyes and among the peo­ Rocky Mountains or the arid plains of Arizona to die of consump­ ple will have a decided, living, and powerful influence on the community, tion on the banks of Chesapeake Bay. and, in time, will come to leaven the whole lump. The galvanizing process Mr. HOOKER of Mh;sissippi. If the gentleman will allow me can have no lasting effect because there can be no sympathy with it. It has to interrupt him for anot.her question-- no chemical alfinity, so to say, and its influence is speedily neutralized and lost. Mr. ROCKWELL. Certainly. Encouragement, but no public money or supplies, should be freely given Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. Is· the gentleman not aware of for the establishment of religious congregations and schools on the reser­ the fact that the best educated Indians in America belong to the vation, and free scope given for the efforts of missionaries and the voluntary spread of the gospel, under any recognized banner. The Government money Cherokee tribe, whose males have been educated at that impor­ should be spent for no other purpose than as a direct and positive means of tant school of learning, the university of Princeton, N.J., and putting the Indians, as a class, in possession of the :power to achieve civiliza­ N. tion. the females at that great institution of learning at Elizabeth, Reading, writing, and arithmetic are the prime and only indispensable J., and have by their example to their people presented fruits necessaries. Havmg these, all has been bestowed that the State may be rea­ of intellectual power to a degree which has not been excelled, I sonably expected to give. A higher education and conspicuous success must venture to say, by any other people? always be the result of individual effort and power. Whenever public money may be obtained for institutions as a consequence of education of Mr. ROCKWELL. I do not desire that the gentlem~n should Indian pupils, that money comes speedily to be used for the glorification of make a speech in my time. . the particular institution, or. worse, for the maintenance of a horde of un· Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. I only wanted to interpolate an worthy servants with a political pull. I know whereof I speak, and that you arerightin your contention that the item of information in the gentleman's remarks which might be public money should be spent for the primary education of the children on of value. the reserYations and near their homes. This will meet the sensible views o! Mr. ROCKWELL. I am just as heartily in favor of higher the Indians on this question, will promote contentment, remove a cause o l. discontent, and is in accord with the dictates of common sense and common education for the benefit of the Indians as the gentleman from honesty. Mississippi or any other member. I appreciate the importance Very respectfully, I of education amongst them just as much as he does. CHARLES G. PENNY. To Mr. RocKWELL, . Mr. KILGORE. Will the ge;n tleman allow me to make this House of Representatives, Washington, IJ. 0. suggestion, that very few full-bloods are found amongst th& 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2025

Cherokee Nation, and their excellingin the schools is no doubt ing her experience, and somewhat of the effect that her manage­ due to the intermixture of white blood. ment of that primary school had upon this people: Mr. ROCKWELL. Undoubtedly. A bright spot in the somber life of these Indians is the Government school. But, Mr. Chairman, further I wish to say that· I am not here Mrs. Platt, the teacher, is certainly an admirable as well as a brave woman. She lives quite alone in the living rooms built in the rear of the schoolhouse, opposinu an appropriation for the education of the Indians, but and often for weeks or months together does not see another member of her to call attention to the fact that we have more than one-third of own race. Prior to her coming, three years since, the teachers had made the capacity of our boarding and training schools now unused, short stays. The Indians were in an ugly temper toward all whites, and would come about the schoolhouse at night and make all sorts of disagreea­ and at the same time we are hiring board and education in other ble noises that were quite wearing on the nerves of the teachers. Mrs. Platt schools no better than our own, on contract, instead of filling un pursued a different policy with them. When the lamps were lit at night she our own institutions. would leave the blinds up and go about her tasks, paying no attention to noises without or to dusky faces at the windows. Her fearlessness at length Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. Will the gentleman yield for won the admh·ation of the Indians. One night the chief ot the tribe, Capi­ another question? tan Mateo Pa, called on her. Mr. ROCKWELL. No; I decline to be interrupted again. "You no coward," said he. "You brave woman. Are you not afl•aid?" "Afraid I" answered Mrs. Platt. "What is there to be afraid of? I am not Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. Ah! the gentleman does not afraid of the Indians, and if bad white men come here the Indians will take want the facts brought out, I presume? care of me." This seemed to make a profound impression on Mateo. From that. time Mr. ROCKWELL. Now, Mr. Chairman, I simply desire to say he has felt that his tribe was charged with the duty of protecting her. The this: The objection to primary schools that has been made is Indians have not molested her. At one time when the men were going that ~he Indians are not fit for primary education; that you can away for outside work the captain compelled one of them to stay at home to see that no harm came to the t-eacher, which, when Mrs. Platt discovered, not get their children into the primary schools. she sent him otr after the rest. She has even discovered, indirectly, that on I would like to have had time to read for the information of more than one occasion, when Mateo Pa thought there might be danger, he the House an it9m from the report of the Commissioner of In­ has brought his blankets during the night, and, without herknowledge, dian Affairs, giving then urnber of Indians under his charge who slept on the porch of the schoolhouse. have sufficient capacity for local self-government to adopt a code The CHAIRMAN. The time of the 'gentleman from New of laws which he prepared for them, and if you will examine the York has expired. classification he makes of the Indians, which will be found on Mr. ROCKWELL. Mr. Chairman, I ask consent to proceed page 26 of his re~ort, you will be convinc2d of that fact. I will for ten minutes longer. append that. portiOn of the report as a part of my remarks, and .Mr. HOLMAN. I hope that will be granted. I ask your attention to it. The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will state that the time for We must begin by determining to what tribes such laws and courts could general debate was limited by the House, by unanimous consent. not easily be ma.de to apply by reason of their peculiar conditions or sur­ Mr. HOLMAN. I hope by unanimous consent it will be ex­ roundin~s. These may be divided into four classes, viz: tended to three hours and ten minutes. First. 'l'hose Indians who maintain an advanced form of tribal govern­ ment. Among these are (1) the Five Civilized Tribes, numbering 66,500, who The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will submit the request. Is have severally a republican form of government assimilating closely the there objection? governments of the several States; (2) the New York Indians numbering There was no objection. 5,112, whose government is based on a constitution approved and ratified by the Legislature of the State or New York; (3) the 1,563 Osage Indians whose :Mr. PEEL. This does not interfere with the order as to the government is based on a constitution approved by this Department; (4) the balance of the time? 8,120 Pueblo Indians of New Mexico who live under their ancient form of lo­ The CHAIRMAN. Not at all. The gentleman from New cal town governments, and (5) the 3,000 Eastern Cherokees who have an or­ ganized form of tribal government, and also have individually been recog­ York is recognized for ten minutes. nized as citizens of North Carolina. Mr. ROCKWELL. Now, Mr. Chairman, this bill contains a Second. The Indians who, by taking allotments of land in severalty, have proposition for the establishment of another Indian boarding become citizens of the United States and thereby have passed under the juris­ diction and protection of the laws aud courts of the States and Territories school on theNavajo Reservation. I find by referring to there­ in which they reside. They number about 30,738. Also those to whom allot­ port of the Commissioner on Indian education that they have ments in severalty are about to be mad_e, numbering about 26,691, and about upon that res3rvation a school with a capacity to accommodate 25,636 more who are now in the a.ct of receiving their allotments. Third. The scattered bands or tribes of Indians not under the charge of any 175 pupHs; that during the last year the enrollment at that Indian agent, estimated to number 25,664. school has only been 74 Indians, and that the average attend­ Fourth. The Indians who are not sufficiently enlightened to comprehend ance has been much less. the system, or who are so situatedastomakeitimprobabletheywould be ben­ eft ted by it. In this class are the Apaches, Yumas, and Colorado River In­ I find that just on the edge of that reservation, in Colorado, dians in .Arizona, and the Blackfeet and Navajos, aggregating 26,973. is a Government training school, one of the nonreservation A tabulation gives the following results: schools, with a capacity of 300 pupils, and that during the last Total Indian population of the United States, exclusive of Alaska_.- 246,834 year there has only been an average of 19 attendants at that Deduct Indians to whom a system or laws can noli easily be made to school. Still the Commisioner of Indian Affairs has asked that apply as above described as follows: a new boarding school be built for the Navajos. And at the Number in class 1 ------85,016 Number in class 2 ______------______------______------81,344 proper time I shall move to strike out that proposition. Number in class 3------25,664 Further than that, I say that Congress has not exercised Number in class 4 ______------____ ------______26,973 proper supervision over the appropriations which have hereto­ --218,897 fore been made for Indian education. Why, sir, in 1882 a pro­ Leaving total number to whom a system of laws can be applied__ 27,837 vision was inserted in an Indian appropriation bill, which became a continuing law, providing that the Secretary of the Interior The Commissioner of Indian Affairs classifies the Indians un­ and the Superintendent of Indian Affairs might take any aban­ der his charge, as will be seen by reference to this item from doned military post, no matter ii there were annexed to it 5,000 the report, in which it appears that by fat· the larger propor­ or 10,000 acres of land, and use it for the purposes of an Indian tion, or more than three-fourths of the Indians under his con­ school. Now, the Commissioner of Indian Affairs in his report trol, are competent to execute a form of local self-government. states: And, Mr. Chairman, I say when any body of citizens is com­ It will be uoticed that there are now twenty nonreservation boarding petent to make laws, and to execute a system of local self-gov­ schools either in operation or soon to be opened, with a capacity of nearly 5,000 pupils. The earliest of these dates from 1879. Eleven or them had ernment, it is competent to have its children educat3d in the been established before I entered upon my duties as Commissioner. 0! common and primary schools. those established since, four (those at Flandreau, S.Dak.; Pipestone, Minn.; I go further, sir, and say that the primary schools have not Mount Pleasant, Mich., and Tomah, Wis.) originated in Congress and not in this office. Three of them (those at Fort Mojave, Ariz.; Fort Lewis. had a fair trial in this regard. Of the $2,300,000 spent last year, Colo., and Fort Shaw, Mont.) have been established in abandoned military including all of the children we have in every one of the public posts, in accordance with the law of Congress of July 31, 1882 (22 Stats., 181). sphools-and he has counted them in the public schools of every The one at Phoonix, Ariz. .was originallyestablished at the abandoned mili­ tary post of Fort McDowell,1 but wa.s removed from there to Phrenix when it Western State_:in all of these schools there are but 2,663, being was found that the post was a.n unsuitable place for a school. only 17 per cent of the number attending school. I say, there­ fore, that the primary system has not had a fair trial. The reason In other words, without coming to Congress, without asking assigned is that he did not have money enough, but he has had authority of Congress, taking advantage of this act of 1882, the the disc:vetion to use the money as he pleases. He chose to Commissioner establishes a school, and then of his own volition bl,lild eighty boarding schools and practically no primary schools moves it somewhere else, thereby establishing a training school whatever. without the authority of Congress. That is the way this school Now, I wish to read a brief extract to show the effect upon the at Phoonix, Ariz., was established. Indians of this primary school system On a little Indian reser­ Now, Mr. Chairman, I have prepared, and I shall offer at the vation in Lower California where there are only 150 Indians, proper time, an amendment to this bill providing that hereafter there was a school established. For some years this little pri­ no Indian training or boarding school shall be established in ad· mary school languished. They could not get the right kind of dition to those already established, nor shall the capacity of any 8. teacher it seemed, until finally a lady, Mrs. Platt, was sent to such school be increased without the consent of Congress -previ­ take charge of the school. I read an extra~t from a paper show- ously obtained thereto. I believe it has been wrong to erect ..

2026 CONQ-RES~fONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 22,

eighty of these boarding schools, with a capacity of over 12,000 Payne is a gentleman of sterling integrity. Many gentlemen pupils, and only afford facilities for the primary education of on this floor know him. He is a lawyer of high standing-the about 2,000 pupils. general attorney of the Chickasaw Nation, and has been for I believe it is time Congress interfered here and changed endi years. with this thing, and not have our edifice of Indian education be­ If any on.e has any doubts, those doubts may be removed if it gun at the top and built downward. Let us fairly try the exper­ is found that I have been accurate about it. If we ahould under­ iment of primary school education upon the Indian re-servations1 take to pay this interest without any authority, as intimated by and let themgraduatefrom theseprimaryschoolsintothe board­ my colleague, I would feel that I was not worthy of a seat upon ing schools, of which we now·have moTe than enough, and there this floor. give them a higher education. Mr. ROCKWELL. I disclaim any such intimation. Capt. Penny is right. You can not take one of these In-dian Mr. PEEL. Now, Mr. Chairman, if the gentleman will take children and edueate him at an expense to the Govel'nment at time to examine the treaties made with the Chickasaw Nation $200 a year or more, keeping him away from home for ten years, in 1832 and 183-!, be will find that the Government took a large and then turn him back on the reservation, without his relaps- area of country which is now in the States of Alabama and Ten­ - ing into barbarism nine times out of ten. We have the authority nessee and :Mississippi from those people, made a survey, and of the superintendent of Indi.a.n education for that. The edu­ sold those lands and put the proceeds into the Treasury of the cation must, as he says, be brought nearer to the center of In­ United States as a trust fund, to bear interest for their suppo1·t. dian life. It must react upon the parents of these Indian chil­ The Government kept the books, and those people had no ac­ dren. cess to those books. Along about the year 1840 theycomplaineJ Th.elndian is not to be uplifted and educated in one genera­ of the amount of interest that was being paid upon these pro­ tion. You have go_t to begin at the foundation and work up­ ceeds. The interest was to ba pai-d semiannually. The treRty ward; and I say to you that Oliver Wendell Holme3 never said a of 183± required the Government to make a semiannual state­ truer thing than when asked'' When should the education of a ment with these people, and they did not do it for thirty years. boy beginr " he replied, "A hundred years before be is born." These Indians complained to the Government that their semi­ You can not make out of one generation of Indians a civilized annual interest was not enough for the amount that had been oommunity. You might go to one of these Indian communi­ placed in the Treasury to their cred it~ that there was something ties and take out three hundred of these Indi.an children, trans­ wrong about the principal. They had no chance to see the books, port them to the most prosperous village in New England, tak­ but they knew that the interest account was too small because ing them before they are a year old, and keep them there until they had knowledge of the principal amount that had gone into they were 21 years of age, and take an equal number of New the- Treasury. England childl'en and put them on an Indian reservation at the The complaint was that the semiannual payment of interest same age, and keep them thereuntil they are 21 years old, and at being too short, therefore there must be something Wl'Ong in the age of 25 the New England children would own all the prop­ the amount of principal to their credit in the Treasury. Then erty, would occupy all the offices, would have all the influence, and a delegation of the Chickasaw Indians said we have no power in the Indians that were educated in the New England community this matter, but we will leave it to your own officers to make a would still be vag.abonds and barbarians. [Laughter.] settlement of the account; and if you have a certain amount of I say to you it is impossible to accomplish this thing ina short principal, of course you know wha.tthe amountof in1r.n·est would time. You have _got to begin right and work upward; and the be, and by that means you get at the amount of the debt. Commissioner of Indian Affairs fully substantiates every prop­ Now, take a case. Say that a gentleman is owing you a hun­ osition I have made here. dred or a thousand dollars of principal, on interest at 5 percent, I am not an enemy of Indian education. I only want common­ then you would know howmuch he owed for principal by the in­ sense business principles applied to this subject. I want the terest. Now, this thing went along for ten years, and underthe m-atter rearranged. treaty of 1832 the Secretary of the Interior rendered accounts in I want to say to the gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. HooKER] this case which was rendered in 1868. But the case went back that I would not wipe out one single boarding or training school to th.e Secretary of the Interior as provided under the trea-ty, that he now has, but I would establish primary schools as feed­ and the question was never passed upon until Secretary Teller ers to the boarding and training schools, and I would see to it in 1883 sent the case to the Court of Claims to ascertain the facts that when the Indian children came to these schools they would in the controversy between the Chickasaw Nation and the G ov- not come as blanket Indians, in the natural state, but they would ernment. . come as graduates from well-ordered primary schools, whose In the year 1887 the Court of Claims found that $"240,164.6 of parents had become, by reason of the influence of \the primary the principal of the trust fund of the Chickasaw Nation prior to sehools, imbued with a love of educationj and who would not 1840 had been dropped from the books of the Treasury. In other only be willing but glad to have them graduate into those schools. words, it was that much too small. Secretary Lamar affirmed [Applause]. the finding of the Court of Claims, and when the matter came With the amendments which I have prepared upon this sub­ before the Committee on Indian Affairs, when this award was ject, and with the remarks which I may submit when this bill made in 1890, the gentleman from New York [Mr. ROCKWELL] is debated under the five-minute rule, I now yield back what­ had not seen Congress; but the gentleman has learned very much ever time I may have left. Indian law, as he seems to know what matter was submitted to Mr. PEEL. Mr. Chairman, there is no issue between my col­ the Committee on Indian Affairs. When the matter was sub­ league on the committee and myself on the question of Indians mitted to the Committee on Indian Affairs I was a member of upon the reservations West or East. I laid that doctrine down, the subcommittee and Mr. PERKINS the chairman of the com­ so far as I am concerned, in the Forty-ninth Congress, and I ha\· e mittee . not time now to discuss that part of it. I rise simply now to I was in the minority. It was a large amount, being $2-!0,000 answer the very remarkable criticism the gentleman has seen for principal, besides the interest. The bill was now very large, proper to place upon that part of the bill containing these items and by mutual agreement between the attorney representing the for Chickasaw interest and the Choctaw matter. Chickasaws and us, we agreed to pay the pl'incipal and leave the Mr. ROCKWELL. Will the gentleman allow me justa word interest for some other time. We put in that $240,000principal, with reference to the other matter? There is no difference be­ as awarded by the Court of Claims and as had been recommended tween us as to the Indian sehool system on the Committee on by the Department. Indian Affairs. The Senate struck out this 56th dollar item, and they referred Mr. PEEL. That is all right. it back to the Secretary of the Interior for reexamination. The If my colleague on the committee was not satisned as to these Secretary of the Interior reexamined that item, reaffirmed it, items and had given me an opport1.mity to furnish him with the and sent it .back to Congress again.. information that would have explained the matter, he would In the next Congress that item was paid. Then, Mr. Chair­ have understood it better than his declaration shows he does man, we all understand what was the attitude of the Committee now. He -has stated here that this matter is without founda­ o-n Indian Affairs at ·the first session of this Congress. We tion. an-d thereby makes a re.fiection upon some of the other wanted to ~eep this bill as low as possible, and we provided that members of the committee who do know something about it. I the principal was to be paid at one time and the interest at an­ said in my opening remarks, that there is n-o item in this bill other. that is not backed by the authorities of this Government. In view of the importance of th-e question, and the fact that it Now, in regard to that Chickasaw interest. I called the at­ was an old claim, we knew, of course, that it would be looked into tent ion of the gantl.eman to it, and handed him the brieiof Gen. very closely. We wanted gentleman to have a full opportunity H.alb:;rt E. Payne ofthiscity, towhich Isee he has referred.;an.d to examine it to the utmost. I introduced a bill, and in order I want to say that he is the only" lobby" I have ever heard of that I might elicit informat.io~ I santa letter to the Secretary of in. the Chickasaw case since I have been in Congress. If he has the Interior, covering this very same item, and I received a letter found them he has found more than I ha.ve. Gen. Halbe-rt E. from the Secretary of the Interior, and I ask to have read at the 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2027

Clerk's desk the letter of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, sent When Secretary Lamar reviewed the decision of the Court back by the Secretary o! the Interior, on this question: of Claims and confirmed it, it appeared that $24:0,000 of the trust We will see whether or not there is any backing to it, and fund of the Chl,ckasaw Nation had been wrongfully taken­ whether such criticism is just or not. money which was entitled to bear 5 per cent interest. Now, The Clerk read the letter as follows: can anybody on this floor say that if we owed the principal­ Sm: By your reference of the 30th instant, for report, I have the honor to and we have acknowledged that we did by paying it-can any­ acknowledge the receipt of a. communication from Hon. S. W . .PEEL, chair­ body say that if we owed the principal, and if that fund was upon man of House Committee on Indian Affairs, inclosing H. R. 9788, making an appropriation for the payment of arrears of interest on the trust fund of interest, we do not owe the interest on that portion of the fund? the Chickasaw Nation, with the request for informa.tion and an opinion as to There is but one side of this question when it is properly under­ the merits of said bill. stood, and I wish every gentleman in this Committee o! the The bill enacts "that the sum of $559,318.24 be appropriated for arrears of inter est at 5 per centum per annum, from December 31, 1840, to June 30, 1890, Whole had time and opportunity to investigate the matter from on $184,143.09 of the trust fund of the Chickasaw Nation, erroneously dropped beginning to end, because I am confident that there is no man from the books of the United States prior to December 31, 1840, and restored here who is in favor of fair dealing or in favor of paying an hon­ December Z7, 1887, by the award of the Secretary of the Interior, under the fourth article of the treaty of June 2'3, 1852, and for arrears of interest at 5 est debt, who could report against this claim, unless he was ready per centum per annum, from March 11, 1850, to June 30, 1890, on $56,021.49, of to vote for repudiation against these people bacause they have the trust fund of the Chickasaw Nation, erroneously dropped from the books no representatives upon this floor-for we all know, Mr. Chair­ of t he United States March 11, 1850, and restored December ?:7, 1887, by the award of the Secretary of th e Interior, under the fourth article of the treaty man, that it is always easy to raise an issue here over an appro­ of June 22, 1852: Provided , '£hat the appropriation hereby made shall be a priation for an Indian item, because there is no constituency to permanent and continuing appropriation, not subject to lapse or to be cov­ call the gentleman who does it to account. ered into the Treasury, and shall be paid from time to time upon requisitions signed by the Chickasaw governor and national secretary." Mr. WILSON of Washington {toMr.PEEL). I havepromised By reference to the Indian appropr1ation act avproved March 2, 1889 (25 to yield ten minutes of my time to the gentleman from Missis- Stats., 983), it appears that the following appropr1ati.ons were made for the sippi [Mr. HooKER], and he wishes to speak now. - • benefi t of the Chickasaw Nation: "For reimbursement of the general fund or the Chickasaw Nation for The CHAIRMAN. To whom does the gentleman from Ar­ moneys improperly disbursed. from said tund, as ascertained by the Secre­ kansas yield? tary of the Interior, as required by article 4, of the treaty with the Chicka­ Mr. PEEL. I had intended to yield to the gentleman from saws, dated June 22, 1852 (less payment of $56,021.49, to assignee of W. M. . Gwin), $84,862.68. Missouri [Mr. MANSUR], but my friend from Washington [Mr. "For reimbursement of the Chickasaw incompetent fund, for moneys im­ WILSON] states that he has promised to yield ten minutes to the properly disbursed from said fund, a-s ascertained by the Secretary of the gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. HooKER], who desires to speak Intorior, as required by article 4 of the treaty with the Chickasaws, dated at this time. June 22, 1852, $99,280.41." The two sums aggregating ~184,143.09. By re!e1·ence to the Indian appropriation act, approved March 3, 1891 (26 Mr. MANSUR. I am ready to give way if the gentlemanfrom Stats., 992), the following appropriation appears, viz: Mississippi [:Mr. HOOKER] desires to proceed, but I know the ",For reimbursement of the general fund of the Chickasaw Nation for moneys improperly disbursed from said fund, as ascertained by the Secre­ gentleman [Mr. HooKER] and myself so well in our relations to tary o! the Interior, as reqn:iied by article 4 of the treaty with the Chicka­ this question, that I feel satisfied that he will want to reply to saws, dated June 22, 18.'12, $56,021.49, being amount paid to assignee of W. N. me on the matter about which I am going to talk, and I there­ Gwin. and omitted from the appropriation act of March 2,1889, tor reconsid­ eration. by the Secretary of the Interior.'' fore suggest that he may pl'efer to follow me. By reference to the otnce report of the 17th day of December, 1887, it is Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. How long is the gentleman found that on the 23d day of May, 1887, the Court of Claims caused its find­ from Missouri [Mr. MANSUR] going to speak? ings of facts and conclusions of law in this case to be filed in this Depart­ ment, which findings and conclusions were adopted as the decision of the Mr. ~UNSUR. Thirty minutes. Chickasaw incompetent fund has been subjected to erroneous reductions Mr. HOOKER. Then I thinkhehad better allowme to speak on the books of the United States, as follows: first. CHrGKASA.W GENERAL FUND. Mr. MANSUR. Very well. Payments of transportation and demurrage to S. Buckner (charged The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Mississippi [.Mr. against the trust fund prior to December 31, 1840) ---- __ ------658, 299.00 HOOKER] is recognized for ten minutes. Payments to conductors of ellligration (charged prbr to Decem- ber 31, 18-10) ______---- ______------____ 26,563.68 Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. Mr. Chairman, I have no spe­ Payment to assignees of W. M. Gwin (charged prior to March 12, cial desire to speak just now, and would willingly yield to my 1850) ------56,021.49 friend from Missouri [Mr. MANSUR] but for the fact that I shall 140,881.17 probably be obliged to leave the House in a short time, and I CHICKASAW INCOMPETENT FUND. want to say a word in reply to the gentleman from New York Payments from incompetent fund (charged prior to December 31, [Mr. ROCKWELL]. But befora I begin what I have to say in re­ 1840) ------99, 280. 41 ply to the gentleman from New York I want to say a few words in reference to the matter which my friend the chairman of the Total ______------__ -----_------210, 16t 58 Indian Committee [.Mr. PEELj has just presented to the House In view of the fact r.hat the Chickasaws were deprived of the interest that would have accrued on these moneysimproperlydisburse j from their fund, in connection with the question as to whether or not such rates it is recommended that the bill receive tbe approval of the Department with of jnterest should be paid to the Indian tribes concerned in this the following amendments, viz: bill. Strike out lines 3 and 4, and insert in lien thereof, "that the sum of $558,- 528.51 be and.·· In confirmation of what the gentleman has said, I may state In line 19. strlke out " to June 30, 1890," and insert in lieu thereof " March that in the early days of my service in Congress it was my for­ 3, 1890," the date of the approval of the act, for the reason that the moneys tune or misfortune to be one of the Committee on Indian Affairs, were paid out in the month of April, following." The letter and inclosure is returned herewith. and I remember that a very noted case came up called the Very respecttully, your obedient servant, Choctaw Reserve case, in which the Choctaw Nation of Indians T. J. MORGAN, Commissioner. claimed compensation for the lands which they had ceded east The honorable the SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR. of the Mississippi River, a large portion of which lay in the Mr. PEEL. Now, if my colleague on the committee [Mr. State of Mississippi, and the Chickasaws claimed compensation ROCKWELL] had listened to that letter, he would have found out for the lands they had ceded, lying in the States of Georgia and whether there was any "backing" to this or not. A short tis­ Alabama. tory of the matter may be proper, and I hope that every gentle­ The question arose as to what was due to the Choctaw Nation. man who takes an interest in this question will investigate it. They agreed to submit the question to the arbitration of the From the decision of the Court of Claims it appears that there Senate ofthe United States; anditwassosubmitted. The Senate were erroneous and improper charges entered upon the books of as arbitrator between the Choctaw NationB o! Indians and the the Treasury against these people, and when the treaty of 1852 United States passed upon the question as to what was the was made, as I have said, the Government bound itself to refer amount due to the Choctaws and what was the prin.ciple upon - . that questjon of bookkeeping to the Secretary of the Interior: which the matter should be decided. agreeing that his decision should be :final between the parties. Yet, notwithstanding the fact that the Indians had submitted In 1883 Secretary Teller referred the question to the Courtof this question to the arbitration of one branch of the legislative Claims under the Bowman act to find the facts. That court did department of our Government, which had found in favor of the :find the facts upon a judicial investigation, and in their judg­ Indians, the Government held on to the money which the arbi­ ment they r ecited the various items of charges that had been tratorsfound to be due to the Choctaw Nation for over a quarter of made against the Chickasaw trust fund improperly; in other a century; and when that time had elapsed, when many men who words, charges that never ought to have been made against that had first insisted that this amount was due to the Choctaw Na­ fund. Of course, when that proportion of the principal of the tion had passed away, -the matter was finally adjudicated by the fund was taken away, the Indians lost a certain proportion of Supreme Court of the United States, which decided that there their interest, because that trust fund was on interest, payable was due to the Choctaw Nation some $2,900,000 for the land east semiannually. What made the Indians first complain in the of the Mississippi River which this tribe of Indians had ceded matter was t.he iact that the amount of their semiannual interest to the Government. was too small, and they suspected that there must be some im­ Now, with reference to the question of interest, it has been - - proper diminution of the principal. well sa,id by the chairman of the committee [Mr. PEEL] that if ·'

2028 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUAl~Y 22, the principal is due and was due at the time when, with refer­ that great man: John C. Calh01.1-n, as far back as 1819 told the ence to these tribes, the question was adjudicated, then, as a Cherokee Indians, as well as the other Indians of the five civil­ matter of course, the interest goes along with the debt. ized tribes, when they were contemplating removal from the But, Mr. Chairman, I rose mora particularly to make some re­ lands they then occupied and possessed, practically the whole of ply to some views advanced by the gentleman from New York the lands west of the Atlantic States, south of the Ohio River­ LMr. ROCKWELL]. I understood him to say he is not in favor of and east of the Mississippi River, and treating with the Govern­ giving to any one of the great denominational institutions of ment for the possession of lands west of the Mississippi River­ this country a dollar for the education of the Indians. he told them in about these words, that they either had to ulti­ ' Mr. ROCKWELL. The gentleman is mistaken. I did not mately become American citizens, ana be merged in our great mention that subject. populat.ion and come to st;:ttehood, or else in time they would be Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. I understood the gentleman to extermmated. sav he was opposed to denominational education. At all events From that time to this, Mr. Speaker, o::tr policy has been, we he did say that he is opposed to the institution of these schools think and cla~m, an enlightened one, in endeavoring to elevate in the East as contradistinguished from the local schools among and prepare tne Indian for the high plane of American citizen­ the Indians themselves. ship and for his absorption into the body politic as the highest Mr. Chairman, as is well known to those who are familiar with boon we could possibly confer upon him. My purpose now for a this question, this Government for a great number of years tried t~me is to cons~der the situation in the Indian Territory, where the system of education predicate-d upon the idea of having these all the lands w1th scarce an exception are owned under a perfect schools located in the Indian Territory, and they were conducted title by what are called the five civilized tribes, the title being mainly by the great denominational bodies of the country, the in the nation, and held jointly for the benefit of all its people. Catholics, the Presbyterians, the Methodists, and others; and I A few words by way of preface as to our policy in the past, and undertake to say, Mr. Chairman, that t<> the extent of their ca­ as to our present policy, which we hope will bring practical and pacity these great Christian denominations have done more to beneficial ends. Even when the thirteen original States were civilize and Christianize the Indian, to educate him and make colonies, we had inaugurated the system of treaties with the In­ him capable of citizenship than any other schools that have ever dian tribes with which we came in contact, conceding to them been established. the powers and privileges of an independent nation. As a proof of this, Mr. Chairman, I refer to the fact that to­ After the Constitution was adopted and the United States as day the Cherokee Nation, the Choctaw Nation, the Chickasaw a government had been erected, we pursued that policy continu­ Nation, the Creek Nation, and the Seminole Nation are capable ously with all of the Indian nations wherever situate until the of being suitably represented on this floor by members of their year 1871. These treaties were made through the executive de­ own tribes. To-day, if justice were done to them, they would be partment of the Government and ratified by the Senate alone. admitted to Statehood in the Union, and they should have per­ Congress and the people then had very little to do with these sons selected from their own people (more peculiarly familiar treaties. But in 1871 we reversed that policy and by an act of with their institutions and interests than any white man could Congress determined that thenceforth we would 'not make be), to represent them and speak for them on this floor. treaties with the Indian tribes at all, but only bargains and Mr. Chairman, as I have said, I had the honor formerly to be agreements. a member of the Committee on Indian Affairs. In that capacity In 1886 we rejected the reservation policy and determined from I had an opportunity to see the great educated Indians, from that time on, so far as this Government was concerned, we would the Chickasaw Nation, the Rosses, whose children on the male exercise all of its vast and persuasive powers and influence to side have been educated at Princeton, and on the female _side at bring the Indians to separate allotments on land and to the sell­ Elizabeth, N. J.,and from the Cherokee Nation, the Rosses, and ing of their surplus lands to the Federal Government, at the the Adairs. same time placing all of the money that we gave them for such I had the opportunity to hear presented by such men as these surplus lands at interest to help them while they are in a com­ before that committee arguments that might well be listened to parative condition of tutelage, without sufficient knowledge or by any enlightened and cultivated American citizen. And in power to help themselves, and making their allotted lands non­ the midst of the Indian nation, in a convocation of the great alienable, so that the Indians could not mortgage them or hav-e civilized as well as savage tribes, I heard from William T. Adair them taken away from them by any of the ordinary processes of a Cherokee, the most splendid address I ever heard delivered on law. the subject of agriculture; and I saw there in an agricultural We have thus reversed all of our policy in the past in regard collection contributed by both savage and civilized Indians to these people; and to help this matter along we began in 1876 specimens of agricultural production and of handiwork equal to the education of the Indians. The first appropriation for the what I have seen in any similar exhibitions in any of the States education of Indians was made in that year and amounted to only of this Union. $20,0GO; in sixteen or seventeen years last past we have raised These Indian schools now under discussion, Mr. Chairman, that sum from time to time until now for educational purposes it were established in the East because it was discovered that schools is about $2,300,000. in the midst of the Indian communities were not capable of giv­ I myself am persuaded that the best thing we could do now, ing the highest education. Hence, at Carlisle, Pa., taking one after we are attempting to educate about twenty-one or twenty­ of the old barracks, the Governmernt established one of these two thousand pupils out of, according to the report of the Com­ schools; and at Hampton, Va., another of these institutions has missioner of Indians Affairs, 30,000 children in all, is, in my grown up. opinion, to appropriate enough money to educate all of them, so These schools have been sending out to the Indian country that in one more generation we can practically solve the Indian educated Indians of superior attainments and cultivation, capa­ question. ble of taking creditable positions not only in their own tribes, but If for a quarter of a century past it has been the ultimate aim even in the halls of the House of Representatives and the Sen­ of the Federal Government to act towards the Indian so as to ate, where I hope soon to see, as an a{}t of tardy justice, Indians bring him into a condition where we can make an American citi­ representing their own people with their own native ability im­ zen of him, and absorb him into our body politic a great ques­ proved by education derived from our citizens. tion is how far have the so-called five civilized tri&s progressed [Here the hammer felll. in that direction? Mr. MANSUR. Mr. Chairman, before proceeding to discuss I believe, sir, that the time is here. I believe that all of the the two propositions to which I wish in the main to call the at­ guaranties thrown around the Indian in the distant past de­ tention of the House, I desire to compliment the gentleman from clare, like all treaties have to provide when made, that they New York [Mr. ROCKWELL] upon the progress he has made. I will be in perpetuity, and yet of course with the full knowledge wish to say that from the Western standpoint he is, with refer­ that in the mutations of time there must of necessity come ape­ ence to this question of Indian education, qualified to remove to riod when there will be a difference of opinion on continuing the the great West; and we are ready to take him into the class of guaranties. Now, assuming that the five civilized tribes have those who think they understand the Indian at home. been educated to the extent that my friend, the chairman of the Mr. Chairman, upon theeducationof the Indian, in a document committee lMr. PEEL], and the distinguished gentleman from printed by our Government, I found it stated that at the time of Mississippi [Mr. HOOKER], have just indicated, evidently a large the American Revolution there were 250 1000 Indians in this land. number of them are now ready for absorption into the American Looking at the census of 1850 the other day I found there were body of citizens at once. at that time 250,000. Then referring to the census of 1890, I If such is the fact, then the object for which the guaranties find there are still 250,000 Indians. were given fifty and seventy-five years ago by the United States The ravages of war and disease and the various disasters of all has as to all of these five tribes been accomplished; that is to kinds that befall them have kept their numbers practically sta­ say, accomplished so far as the well-educated Indian is concerned; tionary. They have made no progress ~nywhere, so to speak,· accomplished certainly as to those who are not only educated, unless where they have been in contact with the whites; and but are to all intents and purposes white men; and this being 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. ". 2029 apparent as to such Indians, they ought to be cut off by law from the attorneys for the plaintiff in the said cause argued to the court and jury that the defendant, Fritz Sittel, had taken the oath of allegiance to the • their tribes-be made at once by operation of law American United States; that the Choctaw Nation and the citizens and the jury were citizens-and not considered or treated as Indians any longer. not indebted to him, the said Sit tel; that he, the said Sittel, was not entitled But, sir, we find that whenever we attempt any step in that to anything at their, the jury's, hand, as he had left them and united him­ self, by taking the oath of allegiance, to the United States. direction, the more nearly white the Indian is the more he be­ That the prejudice in the minds of the Choctaw people against anyone comes an obstructionist to everything the Federal Government t~~ing the oath of allegiance to the United States is such as will prevent a desires to do for the benefit of the reallndian. . e1t1zen who has taken the oath of allegiance that such person can not get justice at the hands of an Indian court or jury. As a part of this policy to bring them into citizenship we passed That he, this amant, believes that the defendants, by reason of the preju­ a general law, approved May 3, 1890, which provided: dice excited by the plaintiffs in the trial of sa1d cause by the reasons afore­ said, were defeated of their rights. -.. That any member of any Indian tribe or nation residing in the Indian W. S. FOLSOM. Territory may apply to the United States court therein to become a citizen Subscribed and sworn to before me this 8th day of December, 1891. of the United States, and such court shall have jurisdiction thereof and shall [SEAL.] WM. NOBLE, Notary Public, hear and determine such application as provided in the statutes of the United States; * * * Provided, That the Indians who become citizens of the United States 1mder the provisions of this act do not forfeit or lose any ., EXHIBIT H. rights or privileges they enjoy, or are entitled to as members of the tribe or INDIAN TERRITORY, Second J udicial JJivision: nation to which they belong. Comes now Judge Mitchell Harrison, and after being duly sworn, upon his -oath sa:ys that he is the judge of first judicial district, Choctaw Nation, and In the language of the Indian Commissioner, "Since it ap­ sat as Judge at the trial of the cause wherein Henry Trouth and Minnie pears that parties who have become citizens under the law above Trouth were plaintiffs and Fritz Sittel and Malvina Sittel were defendants. That if the prejudice against the Choctaw Coal and Railway Company and referred to (section 43) have thereby prejudiced the authorities against Fritz Sittel tor having taken the oath of allegiance had been kept and people of their nation against them so as to seriously threaten from the jury the jury wouldhavewithout doubt decided in favor of the said an infringement of their rights of property therein, it seems to Sittels, the defendants. MITCHELL HARRISON. me incumbent upon this Government to provide some remedy Subscribed and sworn to before me this 26th day of October. 1891. for them;" to which your committee add that the honor and [SEAL.l R. L. SCHEIG, Notary Public. dignity of this Government demands a ramedy be applied. The Indians of the five civil~zed tribes spurn that law, and EXHIBIT I. when any Indians take advantage of it, as they have to the num­ INDIAN TERRITORY, Second Judicial JJivision, 88." ber of nearly a hundred, they make themselves subject to loss of Solomon H. Mackey, after being duly sworn, upon his oath says that he is a citizen of the Choctaw Nation by blood and about rn years, and is at this their property, to assassination at night, to arrest on false t.ime a United States Indian policeman. That he 1:: acquainted with the charges, and to being whipped. Especially in the Choctaw Na­ Choctaw people generally, and lrn.ows how they feel towards citizens who tion is it true. There are but two penalties known to the Indian have taken the oath of allegiance to the United States. That they are very much prejudiced against any citiZ'3n who has taken the oath of allegiance law there-death for capital offenses, and multiplied lashes on to the United States. That it would be very hard for such a citizen to get the back for all others. The nation is filled with the declaration his dues before a jury of Choctaw people if they were apprised of the fact or that any one of their members who becomes an American citi­ knew he had taken the oath of allegiance. '!'hat the Choctaw people are generally prejudiced against Fritz Sittel, one zen shall be whipped; and men go in terror of their lives all of the defendants in the case of Trouts vs. Sittels, lately tried in the Indian through that country. courts in the Choctaw Nation. on account of his having taken the oath of Mr. Chadick is here now. He is the superintendent of the allegiance. That he lrn.ows this, the above fact, of his own personallrn.owl­ CboctawRailroad. Hesaysthatifwewillbackupthatstatutelaw edge. SOLOMON H. MACKEY. of ours by authorizing those Indians who may become citizens,. Subscribed and sworn to before me this 27th day of November, 1891. whenever persecuted in any way, or whenever their property is T. N. FOSTER, about to be taken from them, to take a change of venue from United States Commission~r. their courts to ours, we will have practically solved the ques­ tion; and he says, after living twenty years in the Indian Ter­ EXHIBIT K. ritory, he is of the opinion if we pass such a law that in two or [Postal card.] three years two-thirds of the nation will become naturalized, will SoUTH CANADIAN, November 22, 1891. Sm: Do not care to have anything more to do with the matter, as I am t-oo cease to be Choctaws, and will have become merged into the loyal to my country to kick, even if they are wrong. great body of American citizenship. S.E.LEWIS. I have here the certificate of the judge of one of the Choctaw Mr. 0. S. MOORE. courts, and the sworn statements of a number of Indian police I have introduced a bill to correct this injustice, and have made and others, who say that in the case of Fritz Sittel, he lost prop­ a report from the Committee on Territories upon the subject of erty shown to be wDrth $50,000, simply because he preferred to the removal of suits from Indian courts to United States courts. be an American citizen rather than to continue any longer a In that report it is said: Choctaw. To ask and invite these Indians to become citizens, or to promise if they Mr. WASHINGTON. In order that that may be made per­ do so they shall lose no right or privilege, and then, after the invitation to citizenship is accepted, we shall abandon them to the tender mercy of the fectly clear to the House, would it not be well to state that the enemies they have made by their acceptance of our invitation, is paltroonry case referred to was tried before an Indian jury; and as soon as of the character an American Congress will never be guilty of, after their at­ the fact was made known to this Indian jury that this Fritz Sit­ tention has been called to their condition. tel bad given his allegiance to the United States, he to all in­ The committee state further: tents and purposes at once lost his standing in court, and in spite It is an undoubted fact, lrn.own to all well-informed persons upon condi­ of the charge of the judge, the jury rendered a verdict against tions existent in the Indian Territory, that white men. with but a trace of him? Indian blood, are in the control and domination of the five civilized tribes- Mr. MANSUR. That is correct. Except the Chickasaw Nation, as I shall shortly show. Mr. WASHINGTON. And that is the factevery time a simi­ Parad.ing as Indians they make their laws and furnish their rulers. and on all occasions inculcate hostility to the Federal Union, its laws and its lar case come3 up when any Indian who has become a citizen of citizens. Instead of being proud of their white blood. and hailing the hour the United States is a party to a suit in an Indian court. He has with joy when they may become American citizens, they denounce Ameri­ no standing, and no Indian jury will do him justice. can ideas and our -Government as hostile to their people, and boldly pro­ Mr. MANSUR. That is the fact, and it is shown in this case claim all legislation proposed by this Government for their region, looking to their ultimate absorpiOJ:?. as ~itizens, with statehood a-S the glorious end, of Sittel by th3 documents which I have here, and which I will a sham and a myth, and 1nsp1red solely as a means to rob them of their submit to the committee. They are as follows: lands and property. These sham Indians are to-day the greatest obstacle in the way of tne de­ EXHIBIT F. velopment and statehood for their Territory. By a law of Congress this con­ CHOCTAW NATION, Fi1•st Judicial ])istrict: dition ought to be exploded and brought to an end. Let Congress declare by Henrr Trout and Minnie Trout vs. Melvina Sittel and Fritz Sittel. law who an Indian is-what constitutes one-and say that when a person We, the JUI'Y duly empaneled and sworn to try the above-entitled cause, male or female, has less than one-foru·th Indian blood in his or her veins he find for the plaintiffs that they are entitled to the legal limits from the ex­ or she ceases to be an Indian, and is ipso facto a white person, incanable of terior boundaries of their improvements as claimed in their petition, and holding office or possessed of any tribal rights other than to inherit his or assess their damages at $4,000. her share of the joint property, real or otherwise, of thenation; and the EDWARD LANIER, Foreman. farce of white Indians and white tribes would end and cease. So long as pres­ Dated the 20th day of May, 1891. ent conditions are perpetuated their white rulers to continue their own I hereby certify that the foregoing statement is a true and correct copy of power and rule, with at tending opportunities to accumulate wealth, will be the original now on record in this office. found arrayed in hostility to all legislation proposed or enacted by Congress Witness my hand and official seal this 4th day of August, 1891. for their region. [SEAL.] H. C. HARRISON. Your committee are assured in many ways that ii this bill becomes a law many hundred Indians now contemplating citizenship, but who are withheld from doing so because of their belief that without thiS law their property, if EXHIBIT G. not their lives1 are at the mercy of their enemies the moment they become INDIAN TERRITORY, Second J udicial JJivision: American citizens, will avail themselves of the protection provided by the WilliamS. Folsom, after being duly sworn, upon his oath says that he is change of venue from the Indian courts to the courts of the United States, a Choctaw Indian by blood and a citizen of the Choctaw Nation; that he is and at once become American citizens and aid in the forward movement to 37 years or age; that he is acquainted with Fritz Sittel , one of the defendants make a State out of their Territory. in the ('.ase of Minnie Trout and Henry Trout vs. Frit4 Sittel and Malvina Sittel; that he was attending the trial of the said cause at the May, 1891, term I now wish to send to the Clerk~s desk and have read a letter ot the district court ot the first judicial district of the Choctaw Nation; that bearing upon this Sittel case and this bill which I have intro- 2030 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 22,

drrced. I wish to say further in reference tothatca.se thatwhen for governor of his tribe, upon the theory of brcinging his people these people applied to one of their leaders to interfere, his at the earliest moment into American statehood, and to set them answm· was, " I do not care to h&ve anything more to do with the the example of becoming American citizens. He did not prom­ matter, as I -am too loyal to my country to kick, even if we are ise me to- do so, for he said it would probably cost him his life, but wrong." after he got bomB he did both. He did become an American I ask the Clerk to read the letter which I send to the desk. citizen and ran for governor, and led his nation, the Chickasaw The Clerk read as follows: trib~, on the Pro.gressi ve ticket at the Augu t election that SOUTH McALESTER. IND. T., February 8, 1899. year. DEAR SIR: I have jnst read a; copy of your report No. 2384, on the bill for The Progressives were one party, and the Byrd side the op­ the removal of suits from the Indian courts, and as I wrote to Senator John position, one being known as the "Progressives' and t h e other Martin, af Kansas, this morning, I think you have found the key to thesolu· tion of the vexed Indian problem. I would. however, suggest an amend­ as" Pullbacks/' He was beaten. The Chickasaws became an­ ment, namely, that criminal as well as civil suits be included. The Choctaw gry. Their constitution and laws provided that white men mar­ penalty for offenses not capital is so many lashes on the bare back, and many ried into their tribe, popularly known as" squaw men,n thereby . Indians are deterred from taking the oath of allegiance from the fear that in addition to losing their property. they may be whipped by being found gull ty became adopted citizens and entitled to all privileges of a.n In­ of some charge of which they are entirely innocent; and it is a common dian in their nation, except no squaw man could oo elected gov~ thing to hear that those who take the oath of allegiance will be whipped; in ernor. fact our elieut, Fritz Sittel, has been arrested two or three times since he' took the oath and we have had to resort to measures that we would not think This was the law of the nation, both by theie constitution and of in any court of justice. laws passed pursuant thereto. If th~ Government will pass the laws necessary to carry out Its promise Their constitution also provided that it should only be amended in section 43. act of May 2, 1890, and give those who take the oath the full pratection vouchsafed to all citizens of the United States, it will settle the ' in this way, namely, the amendment passed by one Legi lature question. It will not be twelve months until there will be no Indian gov­ should ba ratified by the next succeeding Legislature; yet Gov­ ernment or tribal organization. T know many prominent Indians who ernor Byrd, who beat Sam Paul, permitted this kind of thing to would at onre take the oath and take no more part in their goveTnment or tribal aJ'fairs, and the masses would follow like sheep. · take place in the nation_ Although you, like ourselves, have been unable to protect the rights of . Mr. WILSON of Washington. Will the gentleman allow me Fritz and Melvina Sittel, you have certainly pressed the matter in a most · to ask him a question? thorough manner and have compelled the Government through its ofllcers to confess that it can not perform its solemn promise, certainly a. very hu­ Mr. MANSUR. Hardly J when I am describing a situation miliating confession for our great nation. only. He permitted his council to pass a iaw and approved it, Considering the report of the Attorney-General an-d Indian Commissioner by which the Chicka aws disfranchised all the whites and all as final (and we might as well so consider it), it takes from the Sittels about the squaw men that were Indians in their nation. After it had 80 acres. of land, which land and improvements is now worth perhaps !!JO;OOO and becoming more valuable every day, it being the main portion of been carried, and the council adjourned, in a month or two he this town. 'l'he:re is about 3...90 acres, worth. say, on a.n a vera.ge, $100 per acre, calls the same council or legislature together and submits their whieh, if your bill passes, they will not lose, it not being included in the prior action to the same council, and of course they ratify their judgment. Now, as to the 80 acres and improvements of which they have been robbed, -as it is well said in your report, the h-onor and dignity of the former action and amendment. Afterward this action wa.s sub­ Government is at stake. . mitted to their own supreme court, which is composed of three This case will be known and discussed all over the five nations., an-d Fritz members, two of whom were full bloods, one of whom can not Sittel will be pointed to as an illustrious example of one wh-o had faith in the promised protection of the Government, and his case will be used by the talk the English language. sham Indians you so correctly describe in your report as an illustration of The supreme court, of course, declared that to be good law tbe truth, viz, that the promises of the Government are a delusion and a and the amendment properly adopted, and that it was proper for snare. Now, is there any way by which, by special act or otherwise, the value of this propert.y could be made good to the Sittels? It ought to be the Chickasaw Nation t-o get rid of these Progressives in that withheld out of some of the payments made to the Choctaw Nation; but I way. Shortly afterward Sam Paul had a difficulty with his son. suppose that could not be done, and I suppose an act could not be passed au­ i.J1. thorizing the payment from the Treasury. He was sitting at a table in a restaurant connection with a Please inform me with regard to this matter. But outside of this case en­ hotel in the town of Pauls Valley when his son threw open the tirely, I am interested in the bill reported by you. Please send me a copy of door, his father having his legs under the table, and at the short the bill, and, if convenient, two or three copies of yom· report. I wrote to Senator Martin asking him to see you in regard to the bill and distance of 14: or 16 feet, with a double-barreled shotgun, blew case. the w·hole of the top of his head off. I expect to be in Washington in two or three weeks, when I shall do myself Within four weeks following I had thrae or four letters from the honor to call on you. men in and around that region telling me that I must keep their Yours, very respectfully, names secret for fear of their lives, but that this son oi Paul's JAMES WILSON. (Late W'llson, Moore & Wilson.) was running at large, and that he could not be arrested, that he Ron. c. H. MANSUR, Washington, D. a. had big influence there, and that he was not under bond. I went Mr. MANSUR. I have in my hand the Caddo Banner of Fri­ w the Attorney-General of the United States, Mr. Miller, and day, EJebruacy 10, of this year. It is one of twenty-seven papers let him read the letters, with the understanding that the names p?inted in the Indian Territory, all but two of which.are advo­ were to be kept secret. He called the attention of the United cating that the time is at hand for making American citizens States attorney at Paris to the matter and demanded that if out of the Indians of the five civilized tribes, and giving them a there was any law applicable, this case should be looked into. State government. Here is what editorially he says: Then this son of Paulls was arrested and taken to Paris, but in a We heard a prominent Indian say a few days ago that the man who advo· little while he was turned out on a bond of $7,000 , the man fur­ cates a change of the land tenureship here is a traitor and should be dealt nishing the bond being this sworn enemy of his father, Gov­ with as such, and the papers that advocated it were antagonizing the will of ernor Byrd. the Indian people, and should be suppressed a.nd the editors put out. Mr. PEEL. I do not care anything about the individual row A very distinguished editor of the Indian Territory is in this that they got into down there, but the gentleman must remem­ city to-day, who was interviewed by the Post, and the interview ber that the old man Paul had shot his son before that. published on last Monday morning. He told me that ever since Mr. MANSUR. Yes, sir; they had had a quarrel and the he has advocated American citizenship and statehood for the stories that came to me were to the effect that it was because Indian Territory he has been very unpopular. He is a man of un­ of that condition of bad blood existing between them that the usual intelligence, and I learn that he went into the Indian Ter­ son was made the tool to get the old man out of the way, upon ritory about four years ago; that prior to tha.t he had been the assurance that he would never be prosecuted. Mr. Chair­ engaged on the New York Herald and two years on the Post in man, this illustrates something of the condition ol affairs in that this city. He states tha.t since the time of his advocacy of state­ nation. hood he has become very obnoxious in that Territory, and in The son is now running around there, and I have been told by justice to himself he can not go out at night, and at night he men from that Territory, during this very session of Congress, does not dare to let his shadow darken his street windows. Also and also in divers letters, that he is the terror of the whole nation. that Indians, drunk on the street, openly threaten his liie in These, I say, are the conditions that exist there. Now, we be­ Ardmore, a town of 4,000 inhabitants in that Territory. lieve tha'& we can bring about a different condition of affairs in .. It was the same thing with Sam Paul, of the Chickasaw Na­ that Territory by certain legal propositions, right and just, and tion, the most progressive Indian in that nation. I fl'equently based upon the highest humanity. We believe that by these met him here in. the past six years, also several times in the In­ means we can bring about such a condition of affairs as will re­ dian Territory. He was a man of energy and progression. He sult, in the coui'f!e of three or four years, in disintegrating these established a paper at Pauls Valley, owned by himself, and ran tribes. What are those propositions? They are twofold in char­ it in the interest of making citizens of his own people. He acter. nnderstood them quite well, and he sought to teach the Indians First, Mr. Chadick tells us to-day that he knows that among of the civilized tribes to become American citizens, with no loss the Choctaw trib3 more than half are ready to become American of property or privilege o! any kind. citizens ii they can have guaranties that they will be protectud. This Indian, Sam Paul, wa<:J probably one of the first to become One proposition is toadmit these Indians tocitiz('lnship and give naturalized He was here about five months in the spring and them the right to change litigation from the Indian courts to summe-r of 1891, _and I urged him to go home and make the race oourts of the United States. Another proposition is that the 1893. CONGRESSION-AL RECORD- HOUSE. 2031 time has come for this Government to cease to recognize as ''In­ invention as may oo presented for tests to the War Department within the next thirty days shall have been tested by a board of omcers to be selected dians" men who are as white as I am, and much whiter than my by the Secretary of War, which board shall report to the Board of Ordnance friend from South Dakota [Mr. PicKLER] [laughter], because and Fortification on or before .July 1, 1893. If the decision ol said board of officers shall be in favor of any American invention and shall also receive many of them have blue eyes and fair skins and are very" white " the approval of the Board ot Ordnance and Fortification and the Secretary indeed. of War, then this appropriation, or such part thereof as ~e Secretary may The proposition is, that the time has come for this Govern­ direct, shall be expended in t.he manutactm·e of such American arm! Provided to further, That if no such American invention shall be recommended by said ment to cease to recognize such men as Indians, define and board or receive the approval of the Secretary of War." declare by statute what an "Indian" is, and to say that when a And the Senate agree to the same. man has less than one-quarter Indian blood he is not an "In­ Amendment numbered 20: That the House recede from its disagreement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 20, and agree to the same with an dian" any longer, and at once becomes an American citizen. amendment, as follows: Insert after the word" appropriation," in line 19, We can not take away their real estate or other property, and page 22 of the bill, the following: "Also, including the actual and necessary we do not desire to. We can not take away their personal prop­ cost of transportation of accepted applicants fl•om their homes to places of enlistment, when authorized by the Secretary of War;" and the Senate erty, and we do not desire to. But we can define by statute what agree to the same. constitutes an "Indian," and when we say that a man who has Amendment numberea 21: That the House recede from its disagreement less than one-fourth Indian blood in him is to all intents and pur­ to the amendment of the Senate numbered 21, and agree to the same with poses a white man or a black, and declare by law that these men of au amendment, as follows: Strike out in line 3 of S'lid amendment the word "person," and insert in lieu thereof the word "private;" and the ~enate agree three-fourths or more of white or black blood shall not vote or hold to the same. office of any kind whatever in the tribe, either chief, legislator, JOS. H. OUTHWAITE, W. C. NEWBERRY, or any other office, we take away from them every incentive to HENRY H. BINGHAM, remain with the In(Jj.ans, because we-all know that in every one Managers on the part of the House. of these tribes it is tlte white men who dominate the nation, that WM. M. STEWART, to-day constitute the greatest obstruction to the influence of the W.l3. ALLISON, JO. C. S. BLACKBURN, Government toward bringing thes3 Indians into American citi­ Managers on the part of the Senate. zenship. If we permit these men there in the Territory to con­ tinue their little governments, and to" run" them in their own Mr. OUTHWAITE also submitted the following stateme-nt of interest, then we need not ever expect their assent to statehood. the House conferees: · The managers on the part of the House on the disagreeing votes of the two Mr. WILSON of Washington. Mr. Chairman, I have promised Houses on the amendments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. 9825) making ap­ ten minutes to the gentleman from South Dakota [Mr. PICKLER], propriations for the support of the Army for the fiscal year ending June 30, but if I can get the unanimous consent of the committee to use 1894, and for other purposes, submit the following written statement in ex­ planation of the etrect of the action or the conferees as embodied in the con­ the ten minutes promised to the gentleman from South Dakota, ference report. and also the ten minutes still remaining to myself when we come AmendmentNo.l: Thisamendment asreportedfrom the Senateincreases to consider the bill under the five-minute rule, I shall be glad the pay of first sergeants to $30 per month and the pay of sergeants to $18 per month. As agreed upon, the pay of first sergeants is increased only to then to let the committee rise, as most of the gentlemen present ~5 and that of sergeants to $18 per month. The pay of first sergeants and are tired after the all-night session. sergeants under existing law is $22 and $17 per month, respectively. Mr. MANSUR. Mr. Chairman, I ask the gentleman to yield Amendment numbered 12: The Senate amendment ~:~truck out the item of "supplying water for the post at Fort Myer," and to this the House recedes to me a moment. I had hoped to get five or ten minutes more, from its noncurrence, for the reason that other and more extended Jegisla· and I now ask leave to supplement my re~arks in the RECORD. tion seems necessary to accomplish the purpose sought in the item and Mr. BOWERS. Mr. Chairman, I make a similar request as would be of such a character as not to be inserted in an appropriation bill. Amendment numbered 13: This amendment increased the item for army to the remarks which I submitted on this bill to-day. transportation $100,000, from which the Senate receded. There was no objection, and it was so ordered. Amendment numbered 17: This amendment increased the appropriation The CHAIRMAN. There are only twenty-five minutes re­ for the library of the Surgeon-General's Office $1,000, and the House receded from its nonconcurrence.. maining of the time for general debate. Amendment numbered 19 is agreed to as follows: Mr. KILGORE. I think it is time that the Committee of the "P1·ovided, That no part of this appropriation shall be expended for the Whole should rise. manufacture of magazine rilles of foreign invention until such magazine rifles of Am~ricanin vention as may be presented for tests to the War Depart­ Mr. PEEL. I believe there are twenty minutesl€ft to the gen­ ment within thenextthirtyda.ys shall have been tested by a board of oflicers tleman from Washington [Mr. WILSON]. to be selected by the Secretary of War, which board shall report by the 1st The CHAIRMAN. And five minutes to the gentleman from day of July, i893, to the Board of Ordnance and Fortifications. .. If the decision of saitl board of officers shall be in favor of any American Arkansas. · invention and shall also receive the approval of the Board of Ordnance and Mr. PEEL. I ask unanimous consent that each of us be al­ Fortiftcatlonsand of the Secretary of War, then this appropriation, or such lowed to use our time to-morrow when the Committee of the part thereof as the Secretary may direct, shall be expended in the manufac­ ture of such American arm: Provided further, That if no such American in­ Whole is considering the bill under the five-minute rule. vention shall be recommended by said board or receive the approval of the The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Arkansas asks unan­ Secretary of War." imous consent that the twenty-five minutes remaining- for gen­ This amendment is agreed to in order to enable Americans having maga­ zine rifles of recent invention to present them fox- test to the War Depart­ eral debate-twenty minutes under the control of the gentleman ment in such time as not to delay the expenditure of the appropriation for from Washington [Mr. WILSON] and five minutes belonging to the manufacture of such arms at the national armories. the gentleman from Arkansas [Mr. PEEL], may be occupied Amendment numbered 21, which provides for the restriction of reeinlist· mentsinto the Army after a certain time, is modified by inserting the word when the Committee of the Whole is next in session consider­ ··private" in place of '·persons," so as to permit all noncommissioned offi.cers ing the bill under the five-minute rule. Is there objection? such as corporal's sergeants, and fh•st sergeants to be reenltsted. The Chair hears none. Amendment numbered 2'.2 appropriates $17, 000 for the construction, main· tenance. and repair of a military telegraph line from Fort Ringgold, Tex., to Mr. PEEL. I move that the committee rise. Fort Mcintosh. •.rex. This item was recommended in the letter of estimates, 'rhe motion was agreed to. but was considered by your committee to be of such a character as might be The committee accordingly rose; and the Speaker having re­ postponed for another year. The recent troubles along the borders of the United States and New Mexico makes it almost necessary for the imme· sumed the chair, Mr. HATCH reported that the Committee of diate appropriation. the Whole on the state of the UniQn had had under considera.­ The other amendments are to correct m·rors in additions or in the text, or tion the bill (H. R.10·115) making appropriations for current and are of little importance. The total increases amount to $28,000, thereby making the appropriation contingent expenses, and fulfilling treaty stipulations with In­ for the support of the Army for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1894, the sum dian tribes, for fiscal year ending June 30, 1894, and had come of $21,2"25,@9.78 being $62,860.0! les:> than the present Army appropriation. to no resolution thereon. JOSEPH H. OUTHWAITE, WALTER C. NEWBERRY, ARMY APPROPRIATION BILL. . HE...'\"'RY H. BINGHAM, Mr. OUTHWAITE submitted the following report: Managers on the part of the House. The committee of conference on the aisagreeing votes of the two Houses Mr. OUTHWAITE. I ask that the conference report, with on the amendments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. 98.%) "making appropria· the statement, be printed in the RECORD, and that this matter tions for the support of Army for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1894, and for go over until to-morrow morning. There are gentlemen here other purposes." having met, :1fter full and free conference have agreed to recollllllend and do recollllllend to their respective Houses. as follows: who prefer that the matter be not passed upon just now. That the Senatex-ecede from its amendments numbered 5 and 13. The SPEAKER. In the absence of objection that arr-ange­ That the House recede from its di agreement to the amendments of the ment will be made. Senate numbex-ed 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, and 22 and agree to the same. MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE. Amendment numbered 1: That the House recede from its disagreement to the amendment of the Senat-e numbered 1, and agree to the same with an A message feom tha Senate, by Mr. McCooK, its Secretary, amendment as follows: Strike out in line 2 of said amendment the word announced that the Senate had agreed to the reports of the com· "thirty," and insert in lieu thereof ·• twenty five;·• and the Senate agree to mittee of conference on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses the same. Amendment numbered 19: That the Honse recede from its disagreement on the amendments of the Senate to bills of the following titles: to the amendment of the Senate numbered19, and agree to the same with an A bill (H. R. 4275) to grant to the Champlain and St. Law­ amendment as follows: In lieu of the matter inserted by said amendment rence Railroan Company a right of way across the Fort Mont­ insert the following: "No part of this appropriation shall be expended for the manufactm·e of gomery military reservation; and magazine rifles of foreign invention until such magazine rifles of American A bill (H. R. 9825) making appropriations fo1• the support ol . ~

2032 CONGRESSIONAL· RECOR.D-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 22,

the Army for the fiscal year ending June 30, and for other pur­ The question being taken on the motion oi Mr. ANTONY that poses. the HollSe adjourn, it wa3 agreed to; and accordingly (at 5 o'clock It also announced that the Senate had passed the bill (S. 3202) and 16 minutes p. m.) the House adjourned. reconveying to the original grantors the title to cert!l'in lan?-s in the State of Louisiana, conveyed by them to the Umted States; in which the concurrence of the House was requested. CHANGE OF REFERENCE. ' Under clause 2 of Rule XXII, committee was discharged from ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED. the consideration of the following bills; which were referred as Mr. OHLIGER. from the Committee on Enrolled Bills, re­ follows: ported that they had examined and found truly enrolled bills of The bill (H. R. 5057) to amend an a-ct amending the pemdon the following titles; when the Speaker signed the same: law so as to remove the disability of those who, having partici­ A bill {S. 3602) to grant to the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific pated in the rebellion, have since its termination enlisted in the RaHway Company a right of way through the Indian Territory, Army of the United States and become disabled-Committee on and for other purposes; and Pensions discharged, and referred to the Committee on Invalid A bill (S. 3873) to authorize the Kansas City, Pittsburg and Pensions. Gulf Railroad Company to construct and operate a railroad, tele­ . The bitl (S. 2590) for the relief of George W. Quintard-the graph, and telephone line through the Indian Territory, and for Committee on Claims discharged, and referred to the Commit­ other purposes. tee on War Claims. INVESTIGATION OF WHISKY TRUST. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Indiana [Mr. BYNUM], BILLS, MEMORIALS, AND RES(itLUTIONS. a member of the subcommittee of the Committee on the Judi­ Under clause 3 of Rule XXII, bills, memorials, and resolutions ciary, engaged in investigating the whisky trust, asks leave of the following titles were introduced and severally referred as that the testimony taken before the committee may be printed. follows: Without objection that order will be made. By Mr. McRAE: A bill (H. R. 10598} to indemnify and settle There was not objection. with the swampland States-totheCommittee on Public Lands. LEAVE OF ABSENCE. . By Mr. BRECKINRIDGE of Arkansas: A bill (H. R.10599} to Mr. LESTER of Virginia, by unanimous consent, obtained leave discontinue the issue of Treasury notes upon deposits of silvar of absence for the remainder of the week on account of ill health. bullion, and for other purposes-to the Committee on Coinage: Weights, and Measures. J. R. EGGLESTON. By Mr. COX of Tannes3ee: A bill (H. R. 10600) to repeal the Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. I ask unanimous consent for act of July 14, 1890, authorizing the purchase of silver bullion present consideration of a bill which makes an appropriation of and revive and restore the act of February 28, 1878-to the Com­ only $300, which has been adjudged as prize money due for mittee on Coinage, Weights, and Measm·es. services rendered a number of years ago. By Mr. CURTIS: A bill (H. R.10601)for the retirement of cer­ The bill (H. R. 4709) for the relief of J. R. Eggleston, of Hinds tain officers of the Navy-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. County, Miss., was read, as follows: By Mr. SPRINGER: A resolution asking for certain informa­ Whereas J. R. Eggleston. of Hinds County, Miss., was one or the lieuten­ tion from the President of the United States relative to the an­ ants on board of the United States steamer Wyandotte, in the year 1850, when n~xation of the Hawaiian Islands-to the Committee on Ways said steamer captured the bark William, a slaver, loaded with700slaves, cap­ and Means. tured on the coast of Cuba; and Whereas the said bark William was condemned as lawful prize in the ad­ By Mr. TOWNSEND: A resolution of the General Assembly miralty courts of Key West, Fla., and it was adjudged by said admiralty of the State of Colorado to have Lost Park set apart as a national court that said "Lieut. Eggleston was entitled to $3'20 as prize money; and Whereas the said amount of money is now in the Treasury of the United park or given to the State for a State park, and to have imme­ States to the credit of said Lieut. Eggleston; and diate steps taken to prevent any further unlawful trespass within Whereas the First Auditor of the Treasury declines to pay over to said the limits of Lost Park-to the Committee on the Publlc Lands. Lieut. Eggleston the money adjudged by the admiralty court to be his law­ ful prize money on account of said capture and Bald adjudgment in admil·­ alty; and PRIVATE BILLS, ETC. Whereas this matter was by the First Auditot· of the Treasury submitted to the then Attorney-General of the United States, who, on the 17th day of Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, privat9 bills of the'" following June, 1886, gave his opinion that said money could not be paid to said Lieut. titles were presented and referred and indicated below: Eggleston except it be authorized by an act of Congt·ess: Therefore, Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of the Treasury be, and he is hereby, By Mr. BELTZHOOVER: A bill (H. R. 10602) for the relief authorized and required to pay to said J. R. Eggleston, lieutenant as afore­ of Valentine Sauppe-to the Committee on War Claims. said, the sum of $320, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise ap­ propriated, being the amount by the court in admiralty adjudged to be the amount due to said Eggleston, lieutenant as aforesaid, as lawful prize. PETITIONS, ETC. SEc. 2. That this act shall take effect from and after its passage. Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, the following petitions and Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. I would like to say only a word papers were laid on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows: in explanation of this bill. By Mr. BULLOCK: Resolution of the Presbyterian Synod of Mr. REED. Let it be understood that t.he right to object is Florida, protesting against openin~ the World's Fair on Sun­ reserved. day-to the Select Committee on tne Columbian Exposition. Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. Mr. Speaker, the report of the By Mr. CABLE: Thirty-seven petitions of associations, a '3 fol­ Committee on Claims in this case is accompanied with an opin­ lows: The petition of Mandall Saengerchor, of Chicago; of Mon­ ion of Attorney-General Garland and an opinion of the First roe Lodge, No. 365, D. 0. H., of Waterloo, Ill.; of John G. Potts Auditor of the Treasury, showing that this money has been in Lodge, No. 561 , I. 0. 0. F.; of Deutscher Krieger Verein of Elm­ the Treasury from the time this matter was adjudicated up to hurst, Ill.; of Lessing Lodge, No. 34 Orden der Herrmans Stihne, the present moment; but it can not be paid without an act of of Chicago, of Garfield Lodge, No. 25; of Mozart Lodge, No. 571; Congress. of Freiheit Lodge-, No. 475, D. 0. H.· of Alton Lodge, No. 457; Mr. REED. What has this lieutenant been doing since 1860? of Court Humboldt, No. 16!, Independent Order of Fo1'esters; Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. Well, he is a farmer, if the of Mystic Lodge, No. 309; of Nord Chicago Stamm, No. 205; ol .gentleman wants to know his occupation. He is very poor, and Court Freiheit, No. 12, I. 0. F.; Montefiore Lodge, No. 46, 0. needs this money which he earned a long time ago. M.P.; of Garden City Lodge, No. 389, L 0. 0. F.; of Brighton Mr. REED. At what time did he commence farming? Park Lodge, No. 572, D.O. H.; of Northwestern Lodge, No. 388, Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. At a very early date. I. 0. 0. F .; of Robert Blume Lodge, No. 397, D. 0. H.; of Goothe Mr. HOLMAN. I suggest to the gentleman from Mississippi Lodge, No.422, D. 0. H.; of Koerner Lodge, No. 54, 0. M.P.; of that the preamble of this bill be struck out. The bill will be West Chicago Lodge, Deutscher Orders Harugarie; of 'l'reue complete without the preamble. Brueder Lodge, No. 325, D. 0. H.; of Plattdeutsche Gilde Hum­ Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. If the gentleman is willing bolt, No.12; of Charity Lodge, No. 85, Order Brith Abraham; of that the bill be passed without the· preamble, I have no objec­ Socialen Arbeiter Vereins der West Seite; of Chicago Secular tion. Union; of Funger Maennerchor; of Schleswig-Holsteiner Saen­ Mr. REED. What is the reason that this man has not been gerbund; of International Maennerchor; of Turnverein Vor­ paid heretofore? waerts; of Swiss Turner Society, Chicago; of Nationj1l Turn­ Mr. ANTONY. I object to the consideration of this bill, verein, of Chicago; of Turnverein Garfield, of Chicago; of Turn­ and move that the House adjourn. verein Voran; of the Lincoln Turnverein; of Deutscher Kreiger Mr. HOOKER of Mississippi. Very well; I give notice that Verein, of Joliet, Ill., and of the Turnverein Eiche, of Kensing­ if I can not have this bill passed, I will object to every bill for ton, Ill., all asking Congress to repeal the act closing the World's which unanimous consent maybe asked, from whatever quarter Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Ex· it may come. position. ,~~~------~------~- ~~ ~.------~--~------~

1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. I 2033

By Mr. COBURN: Petition of the New York Board of Fire World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Co­ Underwriters, asking that Congress repeal the Sherman silver lumbian Exposition. act-to the Committee on Banking and Currency. Also, petition of 56 citizens of Freeport, Ill., to open the By Mr. DALZELL: Four memorials of associations of Penn­ World'sFairon Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Colum­ sylvania, as follows: The memorial of the Birmingham Turnve­ bian Exposition. rein, of South Pittsburg; of the German Soldier Association of Also, petition of 26 citizens of Crystal Falls, Mich., to open the Pennsylvania; of the Eintracht Singing and Musical Society of World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Co­ Pittsburg, and of the Braddock Central Turn and Singing So­ lumbian Exposition. ciety, all for opening the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of 49 citizens of New York City, to open the Committee on the Columbian Exposition. World's Fair on Sunday-to theSelectCommittee on the Colum­ Also, memorial of citizens of Braddock, Pa., in favor of the bian Exposition. passage of the Chandler act to restrict immigration-to the Se­ Also, petition of 15 citizens of Boston, Mass., to open the lect Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Colum­ By Mr. DURBOROW: Two petitions of organizations in Illi­ bian Exposition. nois, for opening the World·s Fair on Sunday-to the Select Also, petition of 26citizens of Lima, Ind., toopen the World's Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Ex­ Also, petition of C. Balz and 23 others, of Columbus, Ohio, to position. open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on Also, petition of 56 citizens of Kalamazoo, Mich., to open the the Columbian Exposition. World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Co- Also, petition of R. Lange and 20 others, of Columbus, Ohio, lumbian Exposition. . to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee Also, petition of A. Lorenz and 2 othP.rs, of Cincinnati, Ham­ on the Columbian Exposition. ilton County, Ohio, to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Also, petition of J. Dellinger and 19 others, of Columbus, Ohio, Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on .A,lso, petition of A. Andrew and 1 other, of Chicago, to open the Columbian Exposition. the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Also, petition of J. C. Brann and 10 others, of Steubenville, Columbian Exposition. Ohio, to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Com­ Also, petition of South Park Lodge, and 2 others, of Chicago, mittee on the Columbian Exposition. to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee Also, patition of W. Wendell and 40others, of Hanover, Kans., on the Columbian Exposition. to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee Also, petition of John B. Eps and 2 others, of Dubuque, Iowa, on the Columbian Exposition. to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on Also, petition of Plattdeutsche Verein, of Akron, Ohio, to the Columbian Exposition. open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on Also,petitionofFrankErnestand 2 others, of Pittsfield, Mass., the Columbian Exposition. to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to .the Select Committee on Also, petitionofPaul Vossand 36 others, of LittleRock, Ark., the Columbian Exposition. to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee Also, petition of C. Weilman and 1 other, of Wheeling, W. on the Columbian Exposition. Va., to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Commit­ Also, petition of F. Kramer and 30 others, of Chicago, to open tee on the Columbian Exposition. the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select; Committee on the Also, petition of Washington Lodge, No.15, of Chicago, to open Columbian Exposition. the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee· on the Also, petition of H. Reike and 32 others, of Louisville, Ky., Columbian Exposition. to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee Also, petition of Gruetliverein of Newark, N.J., to open the on the Columbian Exposition. World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Co­ Also, petition of J. Miller and 32 others, of Chicago, to open lumbian Exposition. the World's Fair on Sunday-to the SP-lect Committee on the Also, petition of Walhalla G1·ove, No. 39, of Chicago, to open Columbian Exposition. the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Also, petition of A. Baum and 30 others, of Chicago, to open Columbian Exposition. the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Also, petition of Thieringerverein of Chicago, to open the Columbian Exposition. World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Co­ Also, petition of Fred Shel and 22 others, of Chicago, to open lumbian Exposition. the World's Fair on Sunday-to the SelectCommittee on the Co­ Also, pstition of Nordseite Turnverein, of Newark, N.J., to lumbian Exposition. open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on Also, petition of G. Jeremias and 47 others, of Columbus, Ohio, the Columbian Exposition. to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the SelectCommitteeon Also, petition of A. P. A. Ma3nnerchor of Cincinnati, Ohio, to the Columbian Exposition. open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on Also, petition of H. Schutz and 42 others, of Ch.icago, to open the Columbian Exposition. the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Also, petition of E. A. Ford and 28 others of various States, to Columbian Exposition. open the World'a Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on Also, petition of the Bern Turnverein, of Kansas, to open the the Columbian Exposition. World'sFair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Colum­ Also, petilion of W. H. Barnes and 28 others, of Missouri, to bian Exposition. open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on Also, petition of the Turner Society, of New Haven, Conn., the Columbian Exposition. to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on Also, petition of J. J. Williams and 78 others, of Missouri, to the Columbian Exposition. open the World's Fair on Sunday-to tha Select Committee on Also, petition of Turnverein of Green Bay, Wis., to open the the Columbian Exposition. World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on-the Co­ Also, petition of Pat. Lawler and 166 others, of Chicago, Ill., l urn. bian Exposition. to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on Also, petition of the Turnverein of Madison, Wis., t.e open the Columbian Exposition. the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Co­ Also, petition of Rev. P. L. Biermann and 51 citizens of Chicago, lumbian Exposition. to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on Also, petition of 56 citizens of Cleveland, Ohio, to open the the Columbian Expo3ition. World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Co­ Also, petition of fi2 citizens of Texas, to open the Wodd's Fair lumbian Exposition. on .Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Exposi­ Also, petition of 56 citizens of Earl Park, Ind., to open the tion. World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Co­ Also, petition of~ax Engeland27 others, of New York City, to l urnbian Exposition. open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on Also, petition of 56 citizens of Port Huron, Mich., to open the the Columbian Exposition. World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Co­ Also, petition of R. Killer and24 others, of Waterberry, Conn., lumbian Exposition. to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee Also, petition of 53 citizens of Allston, Mass., to open the on the Columbian Exposition. · World's Fair on Sunday-to ithe Select Committee on the Co­ Also, petition of William Stotz and 46 others, of Quincy, Ill., lumbian Exposition. to open the World's Fairon Sunday-to the Select Committee on Also, petition of 56 citizens of Kalamazoo, Mich., to open the the Columbian Exposition. World"s Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Co­ Also, petition of Peter Machar and 20 others, of Arogo, Pa., lumbian Exposition. to open the World's Fait· on Sunday-to the Select Committee Also, pet1tion of 56 citizens of Ligonier, Ind., to open the on the Columbian Exposition. XXIV--128 2034 C-ONGRESSIONAL REOO~SENATE. FEBRUARY ·23,

Also, petition of G. Edel ·and 96 others, of Canton, Ohio, to the law closing the World's Columbian Exposition on Sullday; open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on whlch was referred to the Committee on the Quadro-Oentennial the Columbian Exposition. (Select). Also, petition of P. Meyer :una 82 others, of Chicago, to open REPORTS OF 'COMMITTEES. the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Columbian Expo3ition. Mr. l\1ITCHELL,irom the Committee on Claims, to whom By Mr. ENOCHS: Petition of W. D. Blair ana 15 other citizen-s wa-s re1eued an. -amendment submitted by himseU on the 20th of Rome, Adams County, Ohio, against the :repeal of the law instant, reported itfavora.bl_y, and movea that it be reierred to closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee the Committee on Appropriations and be printed~ whlch was on the Columbian Exposition. agreed to. By Mr. GRANT: Memorial of Rev. L. B. Tenny .and others, He also, from the same cummittee_, to whom was referred an relative to Sunday opening of the World's Fair-to the Select amendment submitted by himself on the 20th instant Ior there­ Committee on the Columbian Expo-sition. lief of William Mulligan, administrator of George Wattles, and By Mr. HENDERSON of Iowa: Paper from the Seda Falls intended to be proposed to the deficiency appropriation bill, re­ (Iowa) Mill Company. asking for reduced postage-to the Com­ ported it with an amendment, with an accompanying report, mittee on the Post-Office-and Post-Roads. and moved that it be reierred to the Contmittee on Appropria­ Also, paper from Mr. S. Lupton, of Whitten, Iowa, asking for tions, and be printed; which was agreea :to. reduced postage-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post­ Mr. MANDERSON, from the Committee on Military Affairs, Roads. to wh-om was referred an amendment submitted by Mr. PAD­ By Mr. HITT: Petition of the Germania Turn Section, of Free­ DOCK on the 17th instant, intended to be proposed to the defi­ port, Ill., to open the World's Fair on Sunday--to the Select ciency appropriation bill1 .rep.orted it favorably, and movea that Committee on the Columbian Exposition. it be referred to the Committee on Appropriations and be printed; By Mr. HOPKINS of illinois: Two petitions of Turner socie­ which was agreed to. - ties of illinois, to open the Wor-ld's Fair on Sunday-to thB _Se­ He alse, from the Committee -on Indian Affairs, ,to whom was lect Committee on the Columbian Exposition. referred an amendment submitted by Mr. PADDOCK on the 17th By Mr. KETCHAM: Petition of H. C. Tyler Garrison, No. 71,for instant, intended to be proposed to the deficiency appropriation the .retirement of enlisted men .aifter twenty years-to the Com­ bill, reported it favorably, and mo-ved tha.tit be referred to the mittee on Military Affairs. Committee on Appropriations and be printed; which was agreed By Mr. McGANN: Five petitions ·of tbe Turnverein -and ·other to. societies of Dlinois, to open the W.orld"'s Fair on Sunday-to the Mr. STEWART. I am instructed by tbe Committee on Ap­ Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. propriations, to whom was referred the bill (H. R.l0345)making By Mr. NEWBERRY: Nine petitions of the Turnverein and appropriations for the payment of invalid and other pensions of other organizations of Illinois1 asking -congress to repeal the act the United States for the fiscalyear endingJune30, HS94,an.d.for closing the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on other purposes, to report it without amendment. I give notice· the Columbian Exposition. that-to-morrow I shall move to take up :the bill I.or considera­ By Mr. SMITH oi illinois: Petition o! DuQuoin Lodge, No. tion. 487, D. 0. 0. H., for ope-ning the Worla's Fairon Sunday-to the -The VICE-PRESibENT. The bill will be placed on the Cal­ Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. endar. By Mr. SPRINGER: Tw.o petitions of Turn ver.in of two-towns POTOMAC "RIVER BRIDGE AT WASHINGTON. in Ulinois, -to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Seleet Committee on the Columbian Exposition. Mr. VEST. I am instructed by the Committee on Commerce, Also, memorial of the Illinois Society of Engineers .and Sur­ w whom was referred the bill (S. 3861) t-o authorize the Wash­ veyors, requesting an adequate appropriation tor the testing of ington, Alexandria and Mount Vernen Electric Railway Com­ American woods-to the Committee on Agriculture. pany to construct a bridge across the Potomac River, opposite By Mr. TAYLOR of illinois: Three petitions of societies of Observatory Hill, and to construct a railroad over the same and illinois, to open the Worlds Fair on Sunday~tothe Select·Com­ through certain streets and reservations, to report a substitute mittee on the Columbian Exposition. bill. There-are -provisions in the ,bill which do not belong to the By Mr. TOWNSEND: Petition and papers to accompany bill Committee on Commerce, but a portion of the bill does come for the relief of Cyrus Payne-to the Committee on Military Af­ within the jurisdiction of our committee. Therefore we report fairs. upon that part .of the bill and ask that the remainder of it be By Mr. WILLIAMSoflllinois: PetitionoftheCentraliaTurn­ sent to the Committee on tne District of Columbia. I am in­ verein, of Illinois, to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the structed by the committee to ask for the immediate considera­ Select Committee on the Columbian Exposition. tion of the substitute bill we report. By Mr. WIKE: Petition of the 'Quincy (ill.) 'J;urnverein, to The VICE-PRESID&~T. Senate bill 3861 will be referred to open the World's Fair on Sunday-to the Select Committee on the Committee on the District of Columbia. The original bill the Columbian Exposition. will be read by its title. The bill (-8. 3880) to authorize the Washington, Alexandria and Mount Vernon Electric Rail way Company to construct a bridge .a-crcB3 the Potomac River, .opposite Observatory Hill, was read SENATE. the fiTst time by its title. Mr. HALE. I must object to"the consideration of the bill. THUR.SD.A.Y, February 23, 1893. Mr. VEST. When the Senator from Maine understands it he will not object, I think. That portion of the bill which relates The Senate met at 11 o'clock a. m. to the passage of the road through the streets has not been passed Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. J. G. BUTLER, D. D. upon ·b.v our committee, but if he had heard what I said-- The VICE-PRESIDENT resumad the chair. :Mr. BALE. I did not. The Journal oi yesterday's proceedings was read -and approved. Mr. VEST. That part of the bill we bad nothing to do with, HOUSE BILL REFERRED. and it goes to the Committee on the District of Columbia. T.bis The bill (H. R. 10349) making appropriations for the service of simply authorizes the construction of a bridge across the Poto­ the Post-Office Department lor the fiscal year ending June 30, mac River and nothing else. 1894, was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee Mr. HOAR. Where? on Appropriations. Mr. VEST. Opposite Observatory Hill. Mr. HALE. I know the Senator himself is in the habit of scru­ PETITIONS ARD MEMORIALS. tinizing-the!.e roads pretty closely. Mr. CULLOM presented petitions of citizens· of Perry, Madi­ Mr. VEST . .I am. son, and Sangamon Counties, in the State of Illinois, praying for Mr. HALE. And he is not in favor of giving up to the uses the appointment of a committee to investigate the combine of these companies the little Temnants that are left or street..and formed to depreciate the price in grain; which were referred to rivers. the Committe~ on Agriculture ·and Forestry. Mr. VEST. I am not; I sympathize with tho Senator from Mr. HALE prasented a petition of the Single-Tax League of lv.J:a.ine. Lewiston and Auburn, 1\:fe., ,pr.aying for the establishment oi a Mr. HALE. I know the Senator does. 1 havo great confi­ permanent census bureau and that if established such bureau be dence in his judgment in the matter. I have not looked into it. requested to collect data astotheownershipof homes andfarms; Fru' -w:ha.t purpose is the bridge to be usedr which was referred to the Committee on the Census. Mr. VEST. It is for an electric road to Arlington, Alexan­ Mr. SHERMAN presented a memorial of tbe Willing Work­ dria, and Mount Vernon. I will say to the Senator that the bill ers' Society, of Rome, Ohio, remonstrating· against-the .repealof proposes to es.talilish .a. free bridge forever to .the poorer class of