The Scholar Vol 11 Summer 2014
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THE SCHOLAR VOL 11 SUMMER 2014 IN THIS ISSUE IDENTIFICATION AT YOUR FINGERTIPS High-impact social enterprise CRISIS IN THE UKRAINE A Scholar’s inside view on current events A NEW ETHOS OF HEALTHCARE A medical student’s perspective on the future of US medicine MEET THE NEW PROVOST Interview with Professor Barry Everitt CONTENTS 3 EDITORS’ NoTE 13 A NEW ETHOS OF HEALTHCARE 4 MEET THE PROVOST A medical student’s perspective Interview with Gates Cambridge on the future of US medicine Provost Barry Everitt by by Lucinda Lai Brianne Kent 14 BEYOND BIOLOGY 5 IDENTIFICATION AT YOUR The medical humanities as an FINGERTIPS emerging field by Erica Cao High-impact social enterprise by Grecia Gonzalez 15 MOUTHING OFF Gender inequalities revealed 6 GATEWAY TO UNIVERSITY through the historical female ACCESS mouth by Kathryn Crowcroft A Gates Cambridge-inspired education technology enterprise 16 NEWTON'S PRIVATE INK by Greg Nance The intimate obsessions of a scientist by Sarah Dry 7 AFRICA’S HIGHER EDUCATION THE SCHOLAR DILEMMA 17 ONLINE OPERA VOL 11 SUMMER 2014 IN THIS ISSUE IDENTIFICATION AT YOUR FINGERTIPS Investing in universities for Africa’s New technologies for old music High-impact social enterprise CRISIS IN THE UKRAINE A Scholar’s inside view on current events future by Andrea Pizziconi by Ilana Walder-Biesanz A NEW ETHOS OF HEALTHCARE A medical student’s perspective on the future of US medicine MEET THE NEW PROVOST Interview with Professor Barry Everitt 8 CAPITALISING CONSTRUCTION 18 A GOOD DEATH Building infrastructure to address Who should decide how we die? unemployment in low-income by Christina Schweitzer countries by Musa Chunge The Scholar, 2014 19 DEMOCRACY COMING TO Editor-in-Chief: Erica Cao ‘13 9 WEALTH FROM WASTE A HALT? Business-oriented solutions for Making sense of the US Alumni Editor: Rose Spear ‘06 waste recovery in the developing government shutdown Associate Editors: world by Luca Di Mario by Victor Roy Paul Bergen ‘13 Julia Bolotina ‘11 Kathryn Crowcroft ‘11 10 FIGHTING MICROBES WITH 20 POLITICAL ELITES IN NIGERIA José Izquierdo ‘13 MICROBES Dynamics and challenges of Maja Milicevic ‘04 Antonia Ruppel ‘01 Medicine and biofuels embrace ethnicity and elite politics in ecology to address the limits of Africa’s largest democracy by Design: H2 Associates, Cambridge antibiotics by Devinn Lambert Wale Adebanwi Gates Cambridge Trust Advisors: Jim Smith, Programme Director Mandy Garner, Communications Officer 11 STATISTICS OF STATINS 21 CRISIS IN THE UKRAINE Do statin drugs actually help A Scholar’s inside view on The Scholar is the publication of the Gates prevent cardiovascular disease? current events by Svitlana Kobzar Cambridge Community. Articles that offer by Jerry Lee a window into the lives and work of Gates Cambridge Scholars or articles that tackle 22 PROFESSIONAL UPDates large interpretive questions relevant to the 12 GLOBAL CHILD MORTALITY Scholars from various years Gates Cambridge mission are particularly Tracking progress toward share professional and research encouraged. Highly focused contributions are welcome, but preference will be given the United Nations goal to accomplishments to submissions that are of interest to a reduce deaths in children by diverse cross-section of readership in more Mikkel Oestergaard than one discipline of study. Contributions are subject to editorial approval. Ideas expressed are those of the authors alone. FRONT AND BACK COVER IMAGE: © PAUL TAYLOR/CORBIS EDITORS’ NOTE Gates Cambridge Scholars are united A theme that in their dedication to scholarship, leadership and service to make an emerges from this impact on communities local and global. These shared commitments issue is “Medicine of the Gates Cambridge Community resonate throughout the articles in Society”, a topic featured in the 2014 issue of The Scholar, and continue to strengthen that reflects the joint with the visions of the new Gates roles of science and Cambridge Provost Barry Everitt Editor-in-Chief (Brianne Kent, p.4). policy in furthering Erica Cao ‘13 Scholarship in the Gates Cambridge holistic approaches Community includes scientific investigations into the rise of antibiotic to health, disease resistance (Devinn Lambert, p. 10) and political perspectives on the 2013 US and death. government shutdown (Victor Roy, p. 19), elitism in Nigeria (Wale and policy in furthering holistic Adebanwi, p. 20) and civil unrest approaches to health, disease and in Ukraine (Svitlana Kobzar, p. 21). death. Challenges faced by present- Oftentimes, scholarship bridges day medicine include the treatment across disciplinary boundaries, as seen of cardiovascular disease (Jerry Lee, Alumni Editor explorations into the history of the p. 11), accurate tracking of child Rose Spear ‘06 female mouth (Kathryn Crowcroft, mortality rates (Mikkel Oestergaard, p. 15), Isaac Newton’s theological p. 12), US healthcare reform (Lucinda passions (Sarah Dry, p. 16) and opera Lai, p. 13), arts and humanities in performed entirely online (Ilana medicine (Erica Cao, p. 14) and ethics Walder-Biesanz, p. 17). of physician-assisted suicide (Christina Schweitzer, p. 18). As shown, Gates Cambridge Scholars lead through scholarship. Finally, a dedication to improving But leadership is not limited to the the lives of others is a thread which academic domain; Scholars also lead runs through and ties together the through other forms such as social Gates Cambridge Community. This innovation. For example, Scholar-led commitment to service is demonstrated enterprises improve identification in in, for example, the application developing countries (Grecia Gonzalez, of construction to improve job p. 5), expand access to university infrastructure in developing countries education (Greg Nance, p. 6) and build (Musa Chunge, p. 8) and the use of education infrastructure in Africa reusable systems to reduce health and (Andrea Pizziconi, p. 7). In these stories, environmental hazards (Luca Di Mario, Gates Cambridge Scholars from various p. 9). This issue of The Scholar reflects a different countries and class years act community of scholar-leaders devoted as a team to tackle issues that affect all to addressing concerns of humankind – parts of the world. from creating enterprising technologies and engaging in political thought to A theme that emerges from this issue undertaking innovative research and is “Medicine in Society”, a topic that improving health and treatment. reflects the joint roles of science 3 MEET THE PROVOST Interview with Gates Cambridge Provost Barry Everitt Brianne Kent (Canada, 2011) – PhD Experimental Psychology This year, the Gates Cambridge community welcomed a new Provost, Professor Barry Everitt, a leading behavioural neuroscientist in the areas of motivation, learning, memory and addiction. Some of his research examines how the act of remembering can make a memory susceptible to changes, and has contributed to the recent “radical reinterpretation” of memory in the field. One of the 100 most cited neuroscientists, Professor Everitt is a Fellow of both the Royal Society and the Academy of Medical Sciences, and was recently awarded the prestigious Fondation Ipsen Neuronal Plasticity Prize for 2014. Along with his passion for scientific enquiry, Professor Everitt was Master of Downing College and has a strong interest in teaching and overseas graduate students, and that need to find a way to maintain the education, which has led him to become the Scholars have the support and sense of community and connectedness involved with Gates Cambridge. opportunities necessary to make the that develops while Scholars are in biggest difference in the world. Cambridge”. ...it is clear that even Professor Everitt is taking this year to Professor Everitt's third goal is to though he has only settle into his role and learn as much raise the profile of the Scholarship, in as he can about Gates Cambridge order to recruit the most outstanding officially been in this and what Scholars need. From our students from around the world. He position for a few conversation it is clear that even though has a particular focus on countries he has only officially been in this that are currently underrepresented. months, he already position for a few months, he already He explained, “We want the most has a few goals for has a few goals for his time as Provost. outstanding overseas graduate students to come here and experience graduate his time as Provost. Firstly, he is committed to spending studies in one of the greatest universities time interacting with Scholars to learn in the world. We need to make sure I had the opportunity to sit down how the Trust can better support them. the students with the potential to with the Provost upon his return from He is particularly excited about the study here know enough about Gates the Gates Foundation in Seattle. He progress being made by the Council Cambridge Scholarships to apply”. spent the week interviewing the next to develop professional skills training. round of US Scholars and hosting the He said, “many current Scholars are It is obvious from our conversation that first ever meeting with the Board of concerned about how to map their Professor Everitt feels an obligation Directors for the Gates Cambridge career trajectory and gain the skills that to make sure the Gates Cambridge Alumni Association (GCAA). From our will enable them to improve the lives of Scholarship program reaches its full conversation, it is clear that the Provost others in the future. The workshops and potential for making a positive impact experiential learning methodologies are is full of enthusiasm to help refine and in the world. As a Scholar, I am excited a way to equip students with the skills evolve Gates Cambridge. to see how Professor Everitt helps Gates and decision-making ability needed to Cambridge grow. Professor Everitt was head of graduate use their careers to make a difference”. admissions for the Department of Psychology when Gates Cambridge was His second goal is to support the growth Biography: Brianne Kent is currently a founded.