Motto Ar Trebui Să Înceteze Fabricarea De Legende În Jurul Mossad-Ului

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Motto Ar Trebui Să Înceteze Fabricarea De Legende În Jurul Mossad-Ului de GORDON THOMAS PREFAŢA Motto Ar trebui să înceteze fabricarea de legende în jurul Mossad-ului. Noi doar am muncit mai mult şi am strâns mai multe informaţii decât alţii. Nici o altă ţară din lume nu a avut o atât de presantă nevoie de un serviciu secret eficient. Pentru noi este o problemă de supravieţuire. ISSER HAREL MOSSAD-ul este unul dintre cele mai faimoase servicii secrete (de Informaţii sau spionaj) din lume. Exegeţii îl consideră ca pe un nou venit în spionajul modern în care, rapid, a urcat în ierarhia calităţii până la nivelul devârf, reprezentat de serviciile american (CIA), sovietic (KGB), francez (SDECE) îşi britanic (MI5), acolo unde n-a mai ajuns decât „Serviciul Secret Chinez" („Direcţia pentru probleme sociale" plus „Direcţia de informaţii militare", si cunoscute în bloc sub denumirea occidentală de cod - Fenixul Roşu). Evreilor le place să considere că originile MOSSAD-ului se află în timpul exodului lor din Egipt, acum 3.300 de ani. Moise, spune Tora, a ales câte un tânăr din cele 12 triburi şi i-a trimis în Ţara Făgăduinţei (Canaan - Palestina - Israel) să afle ce bogăţii sunt acolo, ce forţe de apărare au filistenii, cum s-ar putea pătrunde în oraşele fortificate. Printre strămoşii biblici ai agenţilor MOSSAD se afla şi frumoasa Judith care a pătruns în tabăra şi cortul generalului asirian Holofern, căruia i-a tăiat capul cu propria-i sabie (poate prin anii 350 î.e.n.). Dincolo de mitologie, la originea MOSSAD-ului se află „Sherut Yediot" -Serviciul de informaţii al Agenţiei evreieşti din Palestina(1929-1940), transformat în 1940 în Sherut ha Yediot ha-Artzit - Serviciul naţional de informaţii, pe scurt SHAI, însărcinat cu interogarea evreilor care, din toata lumea veneau în Palestina. SHAI a obţinut succese însemnate infiltrând oameni în serviciile Administraţiei britanice a Palestinei, vârful său de activitate fiind considerat depistarea în 1948 a unei mari tranzacţii de arme între Pagină 1 din 315 MOSSAD Cehoslovacia si Siria si, mai ales, capturarea vasului care transporta acele arme, ceea ce a dublat forţa de foc a evreilor în primul lor război cu arabii. După naşterea statului Israel, în anii 1949-1952, primul ministru David Ben Gurion a creat sistemul actual al serviciilor secrete israeliene, pornind de la principiile supravieţuirii statului evreu într-un mediu arab ostil, combaterii unei intense activităţi interne de destabilizare, antistatale si antisociale, desfăşurată de palestinieni pe teritoriile controlate de Israel, urmăririi si pedepsirii criminalilor nazişti vinovaţi de holocaust si teroriştilor arabi, oriunde s-ar fi aflat ei pe glob, obţinerii unor înalte tehnologii militare puse sub embargo pentru statul evreu, cunoaşterii opiniilor guvernamentale si publice faţă de cauza poporului evreu atât în ţările duşmane cât şi în cele aliate, mai ales în S.U.A., şi sprijinirii comunităţilor evreieşti din Diaspora. Aşa s- au născut SHABACK - „Serviciul de securitate internă", AMAN - „Serviciul de informaţii militare", „Departamentul de cercetare şi documentare" al Ministerului de Externe, „Departamentul de Investigaţii" al Poliţiei israeliene şi, mai ales, „Institutul pentru operaţii speciale si culegere de informaţii" (Ha-Mossad le Modinyn, unele Tafkidim Meiuhadim), pe scurt MOSSAD. In ordinea de zi care anunţa crearea noii agenţii guvernamentale scria, între altele: „Pentru statul nostru, care de la înfiinţare a fost înconjurat de duşmani, serviciile secrete reprezintă prima linie de apărare. Deoarece suntem situaţi în inima Orientului Apropiat, unde schimbările violente şi instabilitatea sunt specifice, trebuie să învăţăm foarte bine cum aflam ce se întâmplă în jurul nostru". Până la a deveni, poate cel mai bun serviciu secret din lume, MOSSAD-ul a parcurs un drum dificil pe care jaloanele s-au numit: pregătire, studiu, analiză şi reanalizare, din nou pregătire şi în fine verificare înainte de executarea oricărei operaţii.Dintre toate serviciile secrete din lume, MOSSAD-ul este singurul care se consideră şi se autodefineşte ca „Institut", adică un centru academic de spionaj care sub deviza „câştigă războiul prin cunoaştere şi isteţime!" oferă specialiştilor săi cea mai aspră dar si cea mai performantă scoală de pregătire. Candidaţii la statutul de ofiţer MOSSAD sunt recrutaţi întotdeauna dintre cei care, în serviciul militar regulat au avut rezultate foarte bune. Apoi ei sunt supuşi la repetate teste medicale, fizice şi psihice, inclusiv la interogatoriul cu detectorul de minciuni. In faza următoare sunt puşi să completeze chestionare extrem de complexe si dau examene de limbi străine, pe care trebuie să le vorbească perfect. Dacă pică la un singur test din toate acestea sunt eliminaţi automat, în clipa admiterii în „Academie" primesc un nume conspirativ si o nouă identitate, pe care sunt obligaţi să si-o însuşească si s- Pagină 2 din 315 MOSSAD o utilizeze curent. La MIDRASHA (Academia MOSSAD-ului) cursanţii locuiesc ca într- o staţiune si sunt trataţi ca nişte turişti care stau la hotel.Academia nu foloseşte Drofesori ci specialiştii cei mai buni ai MOSSAD-ului. La fiecare trei luni studenţii sunt testaţi cu detectorul de minciuni refuzul de a se supune la un (test îi dă conducătorului de curs dreptul (teoretic) de a-l împuşca pe rebel. Dintre materiile teoretice care se studiază la MOSSAD, cea mai importantă, dar si cea mai dificilă este NAKA- sistemul descrierea rapoartelor în MOSSAD, In care pentru fiecare subiect nu se admite decât o singură propoziţie, mesajul cu mai multe teme urmând a fi divizat în mai multe mesaje standard purtând numere de cod diferite. NAKA este extrem de important deoarece principala activitate şi misiune a MOSSAD- ului constă în culegerea de date, în transmiterea, interpretarea si valorificarea acestora. Pregătirea militară a agenţilor include cunoaşterea tuturor tipurilor de arme ti armate, a structurilor militare ale ţărilor vecine Israelului, a politicii, religiei pi a organizării lor sociale, în afară de NAKA si pregătirea militară, cadeţii MOSSAD- ului mai studiază contrainformaţiile si acoperirea. La lecţiile practice ei învaţă cum să se comporte în societate, la masă, într-un salon oficial sau în cel mai select restaurant de pe glob, să recunoască vinurile bune etc. Din a doua lună petrecută în Academie, cadeţii primesc arme. Ofiţerii din MOSSAD au în dotare pistoale Beretta, arma ideală prin dimensiuni şi calitate. Antrenamentele de trageri se efectuează într-o sală de tir amenajată ca si cum ar fi un coridor de hotel unde uşile se pot deschide oricând pentru a lăsa să apară profilul unui posibil duşman care trebuie anihilat. La capătul unui an si jumătate cei care absolvă aceste cursuri devin un fel de ucenici si nu agenţi plini (katsa). Ei mai au de parcurs un nou ciclu de studii practice la Cartierul General al MOSSAD-ului, trecând pe rând prin fiecare departament si învăţând să opereze pe computer în bazele de date ale serviciilor secrete. După încă sase luni, tinerii agenţi sunt repartizaţi în secţiile MOSSAD-ului, începând munca propriu-zisă. Cartea pe care o înfăţişăm azi cititorului român este cea mai completă şi actuală radiologie a MOSSAD-ului şi, dacă ea are vreo hibă, aceasta constă în faptul că autorul a renunţat la aspectele „nespectaculoase" - istorie, organizare, terminologie, etc. pentru a prezenta personaje şi acţiuni într-o manieră atrăgătoare si totuşi impecabilă din punct de vedere ştiinţific, în ceea ce ne priveşte am căutat să completăm conţinutul prin date sintetice cuprinse parţial în anexe, parţial în note şi, în cea mai mică măsură, si în acest „cuvânt înainte", intitulat poate prea pretenţios „prefaţă". înainte de a da cuvântul „spionilor lui Gideon" mai evidenţiem faptul Pagină 3 din 315 MOSSAD că MOSSAD-ul nu racolează, ca alte servicii secrete, aventurieri sau voluntari care vor să devină eroi, ci, cum spunea unul dintre părinţii agenţiei, Isser Harel, oameni, „cinstiţi, fideli, loiali, si patrioţi", gata „să se consacre unor misiuni periculoase". O altă particularitate constă în faptul că MOSSAD-ul îşi găseşte oamenii în rândurile tineretului evreu din întreaga lume. în acest cazexemplul cel mai bun, pentru că este cel mai cunoscut, este evreo- canadianul Victor Ostrovski, care a părăsit MOSSAD-ul si a scris despre el în termeni mai puţin binevoitori, atât cărţi documentare cât si romane. El nu este decât un exemplu dintr-o mulţime de evrei cu cetăţenie neisraeliană care optează să lucreze în MOSSAD dintr-un sentiment de solidaritate al evreilor de pretutindeni cu statul Israel. Fondatorul acestuia, Ben Gurion spunea despre evrei că „Toţi trebuie să ajute Israelul, chiar dacă ţara lor adoptivă este sau nu de acord" iar un lider al comunităţii evreilor- americani era de părere că: „Nu are nici o importanţă dacă v- aţihotărât sau nu să emigraţi în Israel. Datoria voastră este să slujiţi interesele poporului evreu şi dincolo de graniţele Israelului". Aşa se face că agenţii MOSSAD- ului au contribuit la câştigarea războaielor Israelului cu ţările arabe învecinate, au provocat căderea unor demnitari si chiar a unor întregi guverne străine, au „semnat" unele dintre cele mai numeroase si mai spectaculoase pagini ale spionajului tehnologic si economic mondial, au generat o bogată literatură si au născut o legendă: LEGENDA MOSSAD. Niciodată în Israel MOSSAD-ul nu a fost privit cu suspiciune si nimănui nu i-a fost ruşine să lucreze în sau să colaboreze cuMOSSAD-ul. Cităm dintr-o mult mai bogată listă de nume pe Haim Herzog, ajuns apoi preşedintele ţării, Ytzhak Rabin, Ytzhak Shamir si Ehud Barak, fiecare ajungând prim-ministru si ministru al apărării şi David Kimche, viceministru de externe. In lume, MOSSAD-ul s-a făcut remarcat prin acţiuni unice si nu de puţine ori inovatoare în tacticile si tehnicile luptei antiteroriste. Cine nu ştie azi că MOSSAD-ul a furat, în beneficiul Israelului si Statelor Unite, un avion MIC 21 din Siria. MOSSAD-ul a cumpărat o rachetă franceză Exocet din Chile si a pus mâna, din Franţa, pe planurile avionului Mirage. Acelaşi „institut" a procurat clandestin combustibil nuclear pentru reactorul israelian de la Dimona şi a pregătit operaţiunea cu nume de cod „Babilon" privind bombardarea reactorului nuclear irakian.
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