DOCSLIB.ORG

By JB Gillespie and GD Hargadine

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

GEOHYDROLOGY AND SALINE GROUND-WATER DISCHARGE TO THE SOUTH FORK NINNESCAH RIVER IN PRATT AND KINGMAN COUNTIES, SOUTH-CENTRAL KANSAS By J.B. Gillespie and G.D. Hargadine U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4177 Prepared in cooperation with the CITY OF WICHITA, SEDGWICK COUNTY, and the KANSAS WATER OFFICE Lawrence, Kansas 1994 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Robert M. Hirsch, Acting Director For additional information write to: Copies of this report can be purchased from: U.S. Geological Survey District Chief Earth Science Information Center U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Reports Section Water Resources Division Box 25286, MS 517 4821 Quail Crest Place Denver Federal Center Lawrence, Kansas 66049-3839 Denver, Colorado 80225 CONTENTS Page Definition of terms.......................................................................................................................... vii Abstract............................................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................... 1 Purpose and scope................................................................................................................2 Previous studies................................................................................................................... 4 Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................4 Well and sampling-site numbering system ........................................................................ 4 Geologic setting.................................................................................................................................4 Permian System...................................................................................................................8 Wellington Formation ............................................................................................8 Ninnescah Shale...................................................................................................... 8 Stone Corral Formation.......................................................................................... 8 Harper Sandstone................................................................................................... 8 Salt Plain Formation .............................................................................................. 8 Quaternary System.............................................................................................................. 9 Hydrologic system........................................................................................................................... 12 Surface water ................................................................................................................... 12 Streamflow............................................................................................................ 13 Salinity-seepage surveys ...................................................................................... 16 Chloride distribution............................................................................................. 16 Ground water ................................................................................................................... 19 Alluvial aquifer .....................................................................................................23 Aquifer characteristics.............................................................................23 Chloride distribution in the alluvial aquifer .......................................... 23 Permian rocks........................................................................................................ 23 Aquifer characteristics............................................................................. 23 Chloride distribution in Permian rocks .................................................. 26 Areas of saline ground water identified by electromagnetic terrain survey .................. 27 Flow and mixing of fresh and saline water ................................................................................... 30 Alternatives for potential alleviation or control of saline ground-water discharge .................... 37 Summary .........................................................................................................................................39 Selected references.......................................................................................................................... 40 Supplemental information.............................................................................................................. 42 CONTENTS iii ILLUSTRATIONS Page Figure 1. Maps showing location of study area...................................................................2 2. Map showing location of observation or monitoring wells and oil-or-gas wells and test holes from which data were collected or used ............ 3 3. Diagram illustrating well and sampling-site numbering system...................... 5 4. Upper part of gamma-ray log of oil-and-gas test hole at 27S-12W-25DBBD showing stratigraphic relation of geologic units discussed in this report ........................................................................................6 5. Map showing configuration and altitude of top of Stone Corral Formation and location of geologic structures and pre-Permian faults in western part of study area....................................................................? 6. Map showing thickness of "Ninnescah salt" bed in Ninnescah Shale in western part of study area.............................................................................. 9 7. Geologic section showing upper part of Ninnescah Shale, Stone Corral Formation, and lower part of Harper Sandstone.............................................. 10 8. Graph showing plot of interval thickness between Stone Corral Formation and Hutchinson Salt Member compared to thickness of "Ninnescah salt"................................................................................................ 12 9. Map showing configuration and altitude of top of Permian bedrock in western part of study area............................................................................. 13 10. Geohydrologic sections showing lithology of alluvium and Permian bedrock................................................................................................................ 14 11. Map showing salinity- and seepage-measurement sites on South Fork Ninnescah River from Pratt to near Murdock streamflow- gaging stations.................................................................................................... 17 12. Graph showing chloride concentrations, chloride discharges, and stream discharges for South Fork Ninnescah River from Pratt to Pratt-Kingman County line, November 2, 1988........................................... 18 13. Graph showing chloride concentrations, chloride discharges, and stream discharges for South Fork Ninnescah River from Pratt to near Murdock, January 18 and November 1-2, 1989................................... 18 14. Graphs showing chloride concentrations and chloride discharges for South Fork Ninnescah River near Calista, 1963-88................................... 19 Figures 15-20. Maps showing: 15. Chloride concentrations from water samples collected from small tributaries, ponds, marshes, springs, river, and beneath streambed in South Fork Ninnescah Valley, 1988-89...................................... 20 ILLUSTRATIONS-Continued Page Figure 16. Altitude of fluid-potential levels in Permian rocks in western part of study area, winter 1990 .........................................................................22 17. Altitude of fluid-potential levels in lower alluvial aquifer in western part of study area, winter 1990...........................................................24 18. Altitude of fluid-potential surface in upper alluvial aquifer in western part of study area, winter 1990...........................................................25 19. Saturated thickness of alluvial aquifer determined at selected wells in western part of study area, winter 1990 ............................................. 26 20. Chloride concentrations in water samples collected from wells completed in upper alluvial aquifer, near base of lower alluvial aquifer, and in top of Permian rocks in western part of study area............... 28 21. Geohydrologic section showing lines of equal fluid potential and chloride concentrations in alluvial aquifer and in top of Permian rocks, winter 1990 .............................................................................................. 31 22. Map showing location of traverses and graph showing apparent terrain conductivity for South Fork Ninnescah River electro­ magnetic survey traverse, 1989 ........................................................................ 32 23. Graphs showing apparent terrain conductivity along electromagnetic survey traverses perpendicular to South Fork Ninnescah River, 1989 .......... 33 24. Schematic diagrams illustrating hypotheses for the discharge of saline ground water to South Fork Ninnescah River....................................... 34 25. Hydrographs of fluid-potential levels
Recommended publications
  • Lower Arkansas River – Derby to Ark City

    Lower Arkansas River – Derby to Ark City

    LOWER ARKANSAS BASIN TOTAL MAXIMUM DAILY LOAD Waterbody/Assessment Unit (AU): Lower Arkansas River – Derby to Ark City Water Quality Impairment: Chloride 1. INTRODUCTION AND PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION Subbasin: Ark River (Derby), Ark River (Oxford), Ark River (Ark City), South Fork Ninnescah River, Ninnescah River, Slate Creek, Unmonitored Basin County: Cowley, Sumner, Sedgwick, Kingman, Pratt, Kiowa HUC 8: 11030013, 11030015, 11030016, 11060001 HUC 11 (HUC 14s): 11030013020(050) 11030013030(010, 030, 040, 050, 060, 070, 080, 090) 11030015010(010, 020, 030, 040, 050, 060, 070, 080, 090) 11030015030(010, 020, 030, 040, 050, 060) 11030016010(010, 020, 030, 040, 050) 11030016020(010, 020, 030) 11060001040(010) Ecoregion: Central Great Plains, Wellington-McPherson Lowland (27d) Flint Hills (28) Drainage Area: 1,653 square miles Main Stem Segments: 11030013 (AU Station 528): Slate Cr (17) (AU Station 281): Arkansas R (3-part) (AU Station 527): Arkansas R (2-part, 3-part, 18) (AU Station 218): Arkansas R (1, 2-part) 11030015 (AU Station 036): S.F. Ninnescah R (1,3,4,6) 11030016 (AU Station 280): Ninnescah R (1,3,8) 11060001 (AU Station 218): Arkansas R (14, 18) 1 Main Stem Segments with Tributaries by HUC 8 and Watershed/Station Number: Table 1 (a-f) a. HUC8 11030013 Watershed Slate Creek Station 528 Slate Cr (17) (partial) Winser Cr (32) Antelope Cr (25) Beaver Cr (29)* Hargis Cr (24)* Oak Cr (26)* Spring Cr (27)* * Not impaired b. HUC8 11030013 Watershed Arkansas River (Derby) Station 281 Arkansas R (3 - part) Spring Cr (37) c. HUC8 11030013 Watershed Arkansas River (Oxford) Station 527 Arkansas R (2 -part) Spring Cr (34) Lost Cr (23) Arkansas R (18) Arkansas R (3 - part) Bitter Cr (28) Dog Cr (531) d.
  • New Insects from the Earliest Permian of Carrizo Arroyo (New Mexico, USA) Bridging the Gap Between the Carboniferous and Permian Entomofaunas

    New Insects from the Earliest Permian of Carrizo Arroyo (New Mexico, USA) Bridging the Gap Between the Carboniferous and Permian Entomofaunas

    Insect Systematics & Evolution 48 (2017) 493–511 brill.com/ise New insects from the earliest Permian of Carrizo Arroyo (New Mexico, USA) bridging the gap between the Carboniferous and Permian entomofaunas Jakub Prokopa,* and Jarmila Kukalová-Peckb aDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic bEntomology, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1P 6P4 *Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Version of Record, published online 7 April 2017; published in print 1 November 2017 Abstract New insects are described from the early Asselian of the Bursum Formation in Carrizo Arroyo, NM, USA. Carrizoneura carpenteri gen. et sp. nov. (Syntonopteridae) demonstrates traits in hindwing venation to Lithoneura and Syntonoptera, both known from the Moscovian of Illinois. Carrizoneura represents the latest unambiguous record of Syntonopteridae. Martynovia insignis represents the earliest evidence of Mar- tynoviidae. Carrizodiaphanoptera permiana gen. et sp. nov. extends range of Diaphanopteridae previously restricted to Gzhelian. The re-examination of the type speciesDiaphanoptera munieri reveals basally coa- lesced vein MA with stem of R and RP resulting in family diagnosis emendation. Arroyohymen splendens gen. et sp. nov. (Protohymenidae) displays features in venation similar to taxa known from early and late Permian from the USA and Russia. A new palaeodictyopteran wing attributable to Carrizopteryx cf. arroyo (Calvertiellidae) provides data on fore wing venation previously unknown. Thus, all these new discoveries show close relationship between late Pennsylvanian and early Permian entomofaunas. Keywords Ephemeropterida; Diaphanopterodea; Megasecoptera; Palaeodictyoptera; gen. et sp. nov; early Asselian; wing venation Introduction The fossil record of insects from continental deposits near the Carboniferous-Permian boundary is important for correlating insect evolution with changes in climate and in plant ecosystems.
  • Xenacanthus (Chondrichthyes: Xenacanthiformes) from North America

    Xenacanthus (Chondrichthyes: Xenacanthiformes) from North America

    Acta Geologica Polonica, Vol. 49 (J 999), No.3, pp. 215-266 406 IU S UNES 0 I Dentitions of Late Palaeozoic Orthacanthus species and new species of ?Xenacanthus (Chondrichthyes: Xenacanthiformes) from North America GARY D. JOHNSON Department of Earth Sciences and Physics, University of South Dakota; 414 East Clark Street, Vermillion, SD 57069-2390, USA. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: JOHNSON, G.D. 1999. Dentitions of Late Palaeozoic Orthacanthus species and new species of ?Xenacanthus (Chondrichthyes: Xenacanthiformes) from North America. Acta Geologica Polonica, 49 (3),215-266. Warszawa. Orthacanthus lateral teeth have paired, variably divergent, smooth, usually carinated labio-lingually compressed principal cusps separated by a central foramen; one or more intermediate cusps; and an api­ cal button on the base isolated from the cusps. Several thousand isolated teeth from Texas Artinskian bulk samples are used to define the heterodont dentitions of O. texensis and O. platypternus. The O. tex­ ensis tooth base has a labio-Iingual width greater than the anteromedial-posterolateral length, the basal tubercle is restricted to the thick labial margin, the principal cusps are serrated to varying degrees, and the posterior cusp is larger. The O. platypternus tooth base is longer than wide, its basal tubercle extends to the center, the labial margin is thin, serrations are absent on the principal cusps, the anterior cusp is larger, and a single intermediate cusp is present. More than two hundred isolated teeth from Nebraska (Gzhelian) and Pennsylvania (Asselian) provide a preliminary description of the heterodont dentition of O. compress us . The principal cusps are similar to O.
  • DEPARTMENT of the ARMY PERMIT Permittee General Public

    DEPARTMENT of the ARMY PERMIT Permittee General Public

    DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY PERMIT Permittee General Public Permit No. GP-40 (Natural Resources Conservation Service – Agricultural Conservation Practices). Issuing Office U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Kansas City District NOTE: The term "you" and its derivatives, as used in this permit, means the permittee or any future transferee. The term "this office" refers to the appropriate district or division office of the Corps of Engineers having jurisdiction over the permitted activity or the appropriate official of that office acting under the authority of the commanding officer. You are authorized to perform work in accordance with the terms and conditions specified below. Project Description: This regional general permit authorizes the discharge of dredged or fill material for agriculture conservation practices in waters of the United States within the state of Kansas. In order to provide a comprehensive tool to land owners, this general permit is intended to encompass the following Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) designed and/or approved activities, where they have minimal adverse impacts, including those authorized by existing Nationwide Permits, in a single permit instrument: 1. Grassed waterways 2. Grade stabilization structures 3. Heavy use protection areas 4. Pipelines 5. Spring and seep developments 6. Ponds 7. Diversions 8. Water and sediment control basins 9. Wetland enhancement, creation and restoration 10. Stream and Shoreline Stabilization, Enhancement and Restoration 11. Subsurface Drainage 12. Terraces 13. Lined Waterway or Outlet DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS AUTHORIZED BY THIS REGIONAL GENERAL PERMIT: The activities must be designed and/or approved by NRCS (this may include Technical Service Providers). Project specific design criteria are outlined in Appendices 1 -13.
  • Threatened & Endangered Species

    Threatened & Endangered Species

    KANSAS Threatened & Endangered Species A COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE TO SPECIES LISTED OR CONSIDERED FOR LISTING AS THREATENED OR ENDANGERED IN KANSAS BY THE STATE AND FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. INCLUDES SPECIES DESCRIPTION, RANGE MAP, AND HABITAT DESIGNATION. Edited and published by the Kansas Department of Wildlife & Parks, Environmental Section. AMERICAN BURYING BEETLE Nicrophorus americanus RANGE MAP STATUS CHEYENNE DONIPHAN RAWLINS DECATUR NORTON PHILLIPS SMITH JEWELL REPUBLIC WASHINGTON MARSHALL NEMAHA BROWN KANSAS: Endangered CLOUD ATCHISON SHERMAN THOMAS SHERIDAN GRAHAM ROOKS OSBORNE MITCHELL CLAY RILEY POTTAWATOMIE JEFFERSON FEDERAL: Endangered - N JACKSON E H WYANDOTTE OTTAWA V T A R LINCOLN E O WALLACE L LOGAN GOVE W TREGO ELLIS RUSSELL SHAWNEE GEARY SALINE WABAUNSE ELLSWORTH MORRIS OSAGE DOUGLAS JOHNSON MAP KEY GREELEY WICHITA LYON FRANKLIN MIAMI SCOTT LANE NESS RUSH BARTON DICKINSON McPHERSON MARION RICE CHASE COFFEY ANDERSON LINN Probable Historic Range PAWNEE HAMILTON KEARNY FINNEY HODGEMAN RENO GREENWOOD WOODSON ALLEN BOURBON HARVEY STAFFORD SEDGWICK Known Historic Range EDWARDS STANTON PRATT GRANT HASKELL KIOWA KINGMAN CRAWFORD ELK GRAY FORD BUTLER MEADE WILSON NEOSHO MORTON CLARK SUMNER COWLEY STEVENS SEWARD HARPER MONT- LABETTE CHEROKEE Designated Critical Habitat CHAUTAUQUA GOMERY COMANCHE BARBER SPECIES DESCRIPTION This beetle is shiny black with the elytra (wing covers) having two orange-red markings. The most diagnostic feature of this beetle is the large orange-red markings on the raised portion of the pronotum. The species is up to 1.5 inches long. Historically, Kansas records exist in the eastern one-third of the state. The American Burying Beetles have been frequently found in upland grasslands or near the edge of grassland/forest.
  • Ninnescah River, North Fork

    Ninnescah River, North Fork

    LOWER ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN TOTAL MAXIMUM DAILY LOAD Water Body: North Fork Ninnescah River Watershed Water Quality Impairment: pH 1. INTRODUCTION AND PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION Subbasin: North Fork Ninnescah Counties: Reno, Stafford, Pratt, and Kingman HUC 8: 11030014 HUC 11s (HUC 14s): 010 (030, 040, 050, 060, 070, 080, 090) 020 (010, 020, 030, 040, 050) 030 (010, 020, 030, 040) Drainage Area: 819.0 square miles. Main Stem Segments: WQLS: 5 and 6; starting above Cheney Reservoir and ending in Stafford County near Stafford. (Figure 1) Tributary Segments: WQLS: Goose Creek (10) Red Rock Creek (12) Silver Creek (7) Non-WQLS: Crow Creek (11) Dooleyville Creek (8) Unnamed Stream (289) Unnamed Stream (999) Wolf Creek (9) Designated Uses: Special Aquatic Life Support; Secondary Contact Recreation; Domestic Water Supply; Food Procurement; Ground Water Recharge; Industrial Water Supply Use; Irrigation Use; Livestock Watering Use for Main Stem Segments Expected Aquatic Life Support and Food Procurement for Goose Creek Special Aquatic Life Support and Food Procurement for Red Rock Creek and Silver Creek 1998 303d Listing: Table 3 - Predominantly Natural Conditions Impact 1 Impaired Use: Aquatic Life Support Water Quality Standard: Artificial sources of pollution shall not cause the pH of any surface water outside of a zone of initial dilution to be below 6.5 and above 8.5 (KAR 28-16-28e(c)(2)(C)) North Fork Ninnescah River TMDL Reference Map %a SF RN %a Hutchinson %a St. John 11030014010 080 %a R %a N C e IN r d N e Stafford E SC e R AH k o R c , k N 11030014010 070 FK 11030014010 060 11030014010 090 11030014030 020 Arlington 11030014010 050 11030014020 030 11030014030010 11030014020050 %a 525 11030014010 30 r 11030014030 030 C r e 11030014030 040 v il S HUC 14 11030014010 040 11030014020 040 11030014020 020 Cities CHENEY LAKE %a Fixed Monitoring Site reek 11030014020 010 Goose C Streams Lakes County Drainage Area Pratt Kingman PR KM N %a W E 60612Miles S Figure 1 2 2.
  • Olde New Mexico

    Olde New Mexico

    Olde New Mexico Olde New Mexico By Robert D. Morritt Olde New Mexico, by Robert D. Morritt This book first published 2011 Cambridge Scholars Publishing 12 Back Chapman Street, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2XX, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2011 by Robert D. Morritt All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-4438-2709-6, ISBN (13): 978-1-4438-2709-6 TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword ................................................................................................... vii Preface........................................................................................................ ix Sources ....................................................................................................... xi The Clovis Culture ...................................................................................... 1 Timeline of New Mexico History................................................................ 5 Pueblo People.............................................................................................. 7 Coronado ................................................................................................... 11 Early El Paso ............................................................................................
  • Rapid Response of a Sand-Dominated River to Installation and Removal of a Temporary Run-Of-The-River Dam

    Rapid Response of a Sand-Dominated River to Installation and Removal of a Temporary Run-Of-The-River Dam

    RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS River Res. Applic. (2014) Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com) DOI: 10.1002/rra.2843 RAPID RESPONSE OF A SAND-DOMINATED RIVER TO INSTALLATION AND REMOVAL OF A TEMPORARY RUN-OF-THE-RIVER DAM K. H. COSTIGANa,b*,†, C. M. RUFFINGa, J. S. PERKINc,d AND M. D. DANIELSa,e a Department of Geography, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA b School of Environment and Natural Resources, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA c Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA d Department of Biology, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee, USA e Stroud Water Research Center, Avondale, Pennsylvania, USA ABSTRACT Run-of-the-river dams (RORDs) comprise the vast majority of dams on river systems and are commonly removed as a part of stream resto- ration strategies. Although these dams are routinely removed, few studies have documented the geomorphological responses of sand-bed rivers to the removal of RORDs. We examined the response of a large sand-bed river located in South-Central Kansas, USA, to the installation and removal of a dam that is installed annually for seasonal recreational purposes. Channel adjustments were tracked using cross-sections sampled over the course of 7 months as the dam was installed and subsequently removed. Multivariate spatiotemporal analysis revealed emergence of channel stability when the dam was in place for most cross-sections, except for those immediately adjacent to or at great distances from the dam. Our results provide an approximation for how sand-bed rivers respond to RORD construction and removal and are useful for guiding management decisions involving preservation or restoration of connectivity.
  • Kgs Bulletin

    Kgs Bulletin

    KANSAS GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY BULLETIBULLETI NN Volume 87 Number 1 January—February 2012 Established 1925 IN THIS ISSUE Meet the 2012 Memorials: Warren “Swanee” Johnson KGS Board of Directors Thomas M. McCaul, Jr. Page 18 Honorary Member Profile: Ernie R. Morrsion 1 2 Table of Contents Features List of Theses & Dissertations on Mid-Continent…………… 10 Memorials:……………………………………………….……. .14 New 2012 Board of Directors...………………………….….… 18 Honorary Member Profile ……………………………………. 19 Departments & Columns: KGS Tech Talks ………………………………..….…..….…….4 President’s Letter ………………………………….….………..7 Advertiser’s Directory ………………………….………..……..8 From the Manager……………………………….……………... 9 KGS Board Minutes …….……………………………………...16 Professional Directory ………………………….………..23 & 24 Exploration Highlights ………………………………...…….... 26 Kansas Geological Foundation …………………….…...….…..28 KGF Memorials………………………………………..…..........30 ON THE COVER: This photo was taken by Tim Pierce several years ago, on an Alaskan cruise. It is showing a glacier breaking away into the water. Thought we needed a nice “icy” photo for the cover of the Bulletin. We will hope that is the only ice we will see this winter! CALL FOR PAPERS The Kansas Geological Society Bulletin, which is published bimonthly both in hard-copy and electronic format, seeks short papers dealing with any aspect of Kansas geology, including petroleum geology, studies of producing oil or gas fields, and outcrop or conceptual studies. Maximum printed length of papers is 5 pages as they appear in the Bulletin, including text, references, figures and/or tables, and figure/table captions. Inquiries regarding manuscripts should be sent to Technical Editor Dr. Sal Mazzullo at [email protected] , whose mailing address is Department of Geology, Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas 67260. Specific guidelines for manuscript submission appear in each issue of the Bulle- tin, which can also be accessed on-line at the Kansas Geological Society web site at http://www.kgslibrary.com 3 SOCIETY Technical Meetings Spring 2012 Schedule Special Event: Jan.
  • Synoptic Taxonomy of Major Fossil Groups

    Synoptic Taxonomy of Major Fossil Groups

    APPENDIX Synoptic Taxonomy of Major Fossil Groups Important fossil taxa are listed down to the lowest practical taxonomic level; in most cases, this will be the ordinal or subordinallevel. Abbreviated stratigraphic units in parentheses (e.g., UCamb-Ree) indicate maximum range known for the group; units followed by question marks are isolated occurrences followed generally by an interval with no known representatives. Taxa with ranges to "Ree" are extant. Data are extracted principally from Harland et al. (1967), Moore et al. (1956 et seq.), Sepkoski (1982), Romer (1966), Colbert (1980), Moy-Thomas and Miles (1971), Taylor (1981), and Brasier (1980). KINGDOM MONERA Class Ciliata (cont.) Order Spirotrichia (Tintinnida) (UOrd-Rec) DIVISION CYANOPHYTA ?Class [mertae sedis Order Chitinozoa (Proterozoic?, LOrd-UDev) Class Cyanophyceae Class Actinopoda Order Chroococcales (Archean-Rec) Subclass Radiolaria Order Nostocales (Archean-Ree) Order Polycystina Order Spongiostromales (Archean-Ree) Suborder Spumellaria (MCamb-Rec) Order Stigonematales (LDev-Rec) Suborder Nasselaria (Dev-Ree) Three minor orders KINGDOM ANIMALIA KINGDOM PROTISTA PHYLUM PORIFERA PHYLUM PROTOZOA Class Hexactinellida Order Amphidiscophora (Miss-Ree) Class Rhizopodea Order Hexactinosida (MTrias-Rec) Order Foraminiferida* Order Lyssacinosida (LCamb-Rec) Suborder Allogromiina (UCamb-Ree) Order Lychniscosida (UTrias-Rec) Suborder Textulariina (LCamb-Ree) Class Demospongia Suborder Fusulinina (Ord-Perm) Order Monaxonida (MCamb-Ree) Suborder Miliolina (Sil-Ree) Order Lithistida
  • Geology of a Part of Western Texas and Southeast­ Ern New Mexico, with Special Reference to Salt and Potash

    Geology of a Part of Western Texas and Southeast­ Ern New Mexico, with Special Reference to Salt and Potash

    GEOLOGY OF A PART OF WESTERN TEXAS AND SOUTHEAST­ ERN NEW MEXICO, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SALT AND POTASH By H. W. HOOTS PREFACE By J. A. UDDEN : It is with great pleasure that I accept the invitation of the Director of the Geological Survey, Dr. George Otis Smith, to write a brief foreword to this report on the progress of a search for potash in which both the United States Geological Survey and the Texas Bureau of Economic Geology have cooperated for a number of years. It is a search which now appears not to have been in vain. The thought that potash must have been precipitated in the seas in which the salt beds of the Permian accumulated in America has, I presume, been in the minds of all geologists interested in the study of the Permian "Red Beds." The great extent and great thickness of these salt beds early seemed to me a sufficient reason for looking for potash in connection with any explorations of these beds in Texas. On learning, through Mr. W. E. Wrather, in 1911, of the deep boring made by the S. M. Swenson estate at Spur, in Dickens County, I made arrangements, through the generous aid of Mr: C. A. Jones, in charge of the local Swenson interests, to procure specimens of the materials penetrated. It was likewise possible, later on, to obtain a series of 14 water samples from this boring, taken at depths rang­ ing from 800 to 3,000 feet below the surface. These samples were obtained at a tune when the water had been standing undisturbed in the hole for two months, while no drilling had been done.
  • Hydrogeologic Information on the Glorieta Sandstone and the Ogallala Formation in the Oklahoma Panhandle and Adioining Areas As Related to Underground Waste Disposal

    Hydrogeologic Information on the Glorieta Sandstone and the Ogallala Formation in the Oklahoma Panhandle and Adioining Areas As Related to Underground Waste Disposal

    Hydrogeologic Information on the Glorieta Sandstone and the Ogallala Formation in the Oklahoma Panhandle and Adioining Areas as Related to Underground Waste Disposal GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CIRCULAR 630 Hydrogeologic Information on the Glorieta Sandstone and the Ogallala Formation in the Oklahoma Panhandle and Adioining Areas as Related to Underground Waste Disposal By James H. Irwin and Robert B. Morton GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CIRCULAR 630 Washington 1969 United States Department of the Interior CECIL D. ANDRUS, Secretary Geological Survey H. William Menard, Director First printing 1969 Second printing 1978 Free on application to Branch ol Distribution, U.S. Geological Survey 1200 South Eads Street, Arlington, Va. 22202 CONTENTS Page Page J\bstract -------------------------------------- 1 Character of the strata between the Glorieta Introduction ____________ ---------------------- 1 Sandstone and the Ogallala Formation ----- 9 Regional geologic setting ----------------------- 3 Hydrology ------------------------------------ 9 Structure --------------------------------­ 3 Ogallala Formation and younger rocks _______ 9 Subsurface rocks -------------------------­ 3 . Other aquifers ---------------------------- 10 Rocks of Permian age -----------------­ 6 Quality of water------------------------------- 11 Rocks of Triassic age -----------------­ 6 Ogallala Formation ------------------------ 11 Rocks of Jurassic age -----------------­ 7 Other aquifers ---------------------------- 11 Rocks of Cretaceous age --------------- 7 Rocks of Permian age ------.----------------