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Oral Diagnosis: the Clinician's Guide
Wright An imprint of Elsevier Science Limited Robert Stevenson House, 1-3 Baxter's Place, Leith Walk, Edinburgh EH I 3AF First published :WOO Reprinted 2002. 238 7X69. fax: (+ 1) 215 238 2239, e-mail: [email protected]. You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier Science homepage (http://www.elsevier.com). by selecting'Customer Support' and then 'Obtaining Permissions·. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress ISBN 0 7236 1040 I _ your source for books. journals and multimedia in the health sciences www.elsevierhealth.com Composition by Scribe Design, Gillingham, Kent Printed and bound in China Contents Preface vii Acknowledgements ix 1 The challenge of diagnosis 1 2 The history 4 3 Examination 11 4 Diagnostic tests 33 5 Pain of dental origin 71 6 Pain of non-dental origin 99 7 Trauma 124 8 Infection 140 9 Cysts 160 10 Ulcers 185 11 White patches 210 12 Bumps, lumps and swellings 226 13 Oral changes in systemic disease 263 14 Oral consequences of medication 290 Index 299 Preface The foundation of any form of successful treatment is accurate diagnosis. Though scientifically based, dentistry is also an art. This is evident in the provision of operative dental care and also in the diagnosis of oral and dental diseases. While diagnostic skills will be developed and enhanced by experience, it is essential that every prospective dentist is taught how to develop a structured and comprehensive approach to oral diagnosis. -
Cell Surface Markers in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia* F
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND LABORATORY SCIENCE, Vol. 10, No. 3 Copyright © 1980, Institute for Clinical Science, Inc. Cell Surface Markers in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia* f G. BENNETT HUMPHREY, M.D., REBECCA BLACKSTOCK, Ph .D., AND JANICE FILLER, M.S. University of Oklahoma, Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73126 ABSTRACT During the last nine years, two important methodologies have been used to characterize the cell surfaces of normal lymphocytes and malignant lym phoblasts. Normal mature T-cells have a receptor for sheep erythrocytes (E+) while mature B-cells bear membrane-bound immunoglobulin molecules (slg+). These two findings can be used to divide acute lymphoblastic leukemia of childhood into three major groups; B-cell leukemia (slg+ E -), which is rare (approximately 2 percent) and has the poorest prognosis, T-cell leukemia (slg~, E +) which is more common (10 percent) but also has a poor prognosis and null cell leukemia (slg~, E~) which is the most common (85 percent) and has the best prognosis. By the use of additional immunological methods, subgroups within T-cell leukemia and null cell leukemia have also been proposed. One of the most valuable of these additional methods is the detection of surface antigens. Three of the more commonly detected antigens currently being evaluated are (1) common leukemia antigen (cALL), (2) a normal B Lymphocyte antigen the la antigen (la) which is not generally expressed on most T lympho cytes and (3) a normal T lymphocyte antigen (T) not expressed on B lympho cytes. Within null cell leukemia, the most commonly identified and proba bly the largest subgroup is Ia+, cALL+, T”, E _, slg-. -
Separation and Functional Studies of the Human Lymphokine-Activated Killer Cell Kevan Roberts, Michael T
[CANCER RESEARCH 47, 4366-4371, August 15, 1987] Separation and Functional Studies of the Human Lymphokine-activated Killer Cell Kevan Roberts, Michael T. Lotze,1 and Steven A. Rosenberg Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, NÃŒH,Betnesda,Maryland 20892 ABSTRACT undefined. The purification of cells responsible for LAK activity was desirable to further assess their morphology, phenotype, Cell separation studies were undertaken in an attempt to purify the and target cell binding properties prior to and following IL-2 lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) precursor cell. Null cells, prepared stimulation. by the sequential depletion of monocytes, T- and B-lymphocytes from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, were found to be potent mediators of LAK activity. Such preparations were Leu-11* but Leu-4" MATERIALS AND METHODS and displayed high levels of natural killer activity. Incubation of these cells with recombinant interleukin 2 (11-2) for periods in excess of 24 h Media. All cell lines were maintained in suspension culture using RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% FBS, 100 ng/m\ penicillin, 100 induced LAK lysis of fresh tumor targets which were resistant to lysis Mg/ml streptomycin, and 1% glutamine. CM consisted of RPMI 1640 by unstimulated null effectors. In contrast, lymphocytes which formed high affinity rosettes with sheep RBC (I-* lymphocytes) were poor supplemented with 10% human AB serum, antibiotics, and glutamine. Conjugation buffer, at pH 7.3, was prepared by adding 683 mg of NaCl, mediators of both natural killer and LAK activity. Interleukin 2 stimu lated null cells, retained a Leu-ll*, I.t-u-4 phenotype, and expressed 142 mg of MgCl2 6H2O, and 66 mg of CaCl2-6H2O to 450 ml of PBS supplemented with 50 ml of FBS, antibiotics, and 10 HIM4-(2-hydrox- only low levels of receptors for II,-2 and transferrin. -
Genotyping in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke
Tuttolomondo et al. Journal of Neuroinflammation (2019) 16:88 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-019-1469-5 RESEARCH Open Access HLA and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIRs) genotyping in patients with acute ischemic stroke Antonino Tuttolomondo1*† , Domenico Di Raimondo1†, Rosaria Pecoraro6,7, Alessandra Casuccio2, Danilo Di Bona5, Anna Aiello3, Giulia Accardi3, Valentina Arnao4, Giuseppe Clemente1, Vittoriano Della Corte8, Carlo Maida1, Irene Simonetta1, Calogero Caruso3, Rosario Squatrito6, Antonio Pinto1 and on behalf of KIRIIND (KIR Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases) Collaborative Group Abstract Introduction: In humans, a major component of natural killer (NK) and T cell target recognition depends on the surveillance of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules by killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs). Aims: To implement the knowledge about the immunological genetic background of acute ischemic stroke susceptibility in relation to the frequency of the KIR genes and HLA alleles. Methods: Subjects with acute ischemic stroke and subjects without stroke were genotyped for the presence of KIR genes and of the three major KIR ligand groups, HLA-C1, HLA-C2, and HLA-Bw4, both HLA-B and HLA-A loci. Results: Between November 2013 and February 2016, consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke were recruited. As healthy controls, we enrolled subjects without acute ischemic stroke. Subjects with acute ischemic stroke in comparison with controls showed a higher frequency of 2DL3, 2DL5B, 2DS2, and 2DS4 KIR genes and a lower frequency of HLA-B-Bw4I alleles. Subjects without acute ischemic stroke showed a higher frequency of interaction between KIR 2DS2 and HLAC2. We also observed a higher frequency of 2DL3 and 2 DL4 KIR genes in subjects with atherosclerotic (LAAS) subtype. -
The Clinical Application of Della-Porta Et Al Score in a Mexican Patient with Myelodysplastic Syndrome
CLINICAL CASE Rev Hematol Mex. 2020; 21 (3): 158-171. The clinical application of Della-Porta et al score in a Mexican patient with myelodysplastic syndrome. Aplicación clínica de la puntuación Della-Porta y colaboradores en un paciente mexicano con síndrome mielodisplásico Juan C Marín-Corte,1,4 Eduardo Olmedo-Gutiérrez,1,4 Jeny A Marín-Corte,5 Roberto N Miranda,3 Carlos E Bueso-Ramos,3 Omar Cano-Jiménez,1 Arturo R Fuentes-Reyes,1 Elizabeth Hernández-Salamanca,1,4 Miguel A López-Trujillo,1,4 Rafael A Marín-López,1,4 Guillermo J Ruiz-Delgado,1,2,4 Guillermo J Ruiz-Argüelles1,2,4 Abstract BACKGROUND: The myelodysplastic syndromes are one of the most studied diseases in hematology in recent years. By definition and according to the World Health Or- ganization Classification of Tumours of hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues 2017, myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell diseases characterized by cytopenia, dysplasia in one or more of the major myeloid lineages, ineffective hematopoiesis, recurrent genetic abnormalities and increased risk of de- veloping acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To identify in a quick way this disease, we designed a worksheet based on the article of Matteo Della-Porta et al to developed a systematic approach to assess the morphological features in the bone marrow smears of three cell lineages in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and provide the basis to validate flow cytometric and immunohistochemistry data. CLINICAL CASE: A 47-year-old male patient in whom we applied a worksheet that we designed based on Della-Porta score criteria to each cellularity lineage in the bone 1 Clinical Laboratories of Puebla; Puebla, marrow smears and we obtained significant results according to the bone marrow Puebla, México. -
Tumour-Simulating Intrathoracic Marrow Heterotopia in Thalassaemia Major
Thorax: first published as 10.1136/thx.19.2.121 on 1 March 1964. Downloaded from Thorax (1964), 19, 121 Tumour-simulating intrathoracic marrow heterotopia in thalassaemia major C. PAPAVASILIOU AND P. SFIKAKIS From the Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, University of Athens Haemopoiesis under certain circumstances can be flat frontal bones, and a hard arched palate. The liver supplemented by extramedullary foci of hetero- was slightly enlarged. There was general enlargement topic bone marrow located in other tissues. In of the lymph nodes, particularly in the axillae. addition to the normal phenomenon of extra- Chronic ulcers were present in the region of the ankles. The haemoglobin was 8-7 g./ 100 ml., medullary haemopoiesis in newborn babies and haematocrit 27%, R.B.C. 3,520,000 with anisocytosis, infants, such a process has been observed, as a poikilocytosis, microcytosis, target cells, hypochromia, compensatory phenomenon, in conditions asso- and anisochromia. There were 7,150 white cells per ciated with abnormal function of haemopoietic c.mm. with 60% polymorphs, 36% lymphocytes, 3% tissue, such as pernicious anaemia, macrocytic eosinophils, and 1% monocytes. There were 9 anaemia of hepatic origin, osteosclerosis, exten- erythroblasts per 100 white cells in the peripheral sive neoplastic infiltration of the bones (leuk- blood. The serum bilirubin was 0-9 mg./100 ml. direct aemia, lymphoma, etc.), erythraemia, erythro- and 0-48 mg./ 100 ml. indirect. The bone marrow blastosis, acholuric jaundice, and thalassaemia. showed marked hyperplasia of the red cell series, the in white cell series, and of the megakaryocytes. There copyright. Heterotopic marrow has been described the was no anomaly in the maturation of the red cells. -
TR-507: Vanadium Pentoxide (CASRN 1314-62-1) in F344/N Rats
NTP TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF VANADIUM PENTOXIDE (CAS NO. 1314-62-1) IN F344/N RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE (INHALATION STUDIES) NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM P.O. Box 12233 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 December 2002 NTP TR 507 NIH Publication No. 03-4441 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service National Institutes of Health FOREWORD The National Toxicology Program (NTP) is made up of four charter agencies of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS): the National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health; the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health; the National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), Food and Drug Administration; and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In July 1981, the Carcinogenesis Bioassay Testing Program, NCI, was transferred to the NIEHS. The NTP coordinates the relevant programs, staff, and resources from these Public Health Service agencies relating to basic and applied research and to biological assay development and validation. The NTP develops, evaluates, and disseminates scientific information about potentially toxic and hazardous chemicals. This knowledge is used for protecting the health of the American people and for the primary prevention of disease. The studies described in this Technical Report were performed under the direction of the NIEHS and were conducted in compliance with NTP laboratory health and safety requirements and must meet or exceed all applicable federal, state, and local health and safety regulations. Animal care and use were in accordance with the Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Animals. -
Red Blood Disorders Anemia Med.Pdf 14.44MB
Lviv National Medical University Department of pathological physiology PATHOLOGY OF RED BLOOD PhD. Sementsiv N.G. In norm The number of erythrocytes: in female - 3,9-4,7·1012/l in male - 4,5-5,0·1012/l Hemoglobin in female - 120-140g/l in male - 140-160g/l Color index(CI) - 0,85-1,15 Globular value = 3 x Hb / the first 3 figures of erythrocytes. Reticulocytes - 0.5-2%, 0,5-2%0 changes in total blood volume normovolemia hypovolemia hypervolemia simple (Ht - norm), polycitemia (Ht > 0,48), olygocytemia (Ht < 0,36). A) Norm B) acut anaemia б) acute hemorrhage г) hydremia Pathological forms of erythrocytes regenerative degenerative cell pathologic regeneration Regenerative forms reticulocytes залежно від зрілості розрізняють: (Зернисті) Stippling (Сітчасті) Mesh Norm in a blood reticulocytes - 0,2–2,0%. Regenerative forms Basophiles substantial erythrocytes - cytoplasm remains basophilic normo blast. Polychromatophil erythrocytes (polychromasia, polychromatophilia ) – erythrocytes with basophiles substantial ( blue cells) indicates increased RBC production by the marrow Qualitative (degenerative) changes of red blood cell - poikilocytosis - different shape of erythrocytes; - anisocytosis - different size of erythrocytes; - anisochromia - different saturation of red blood cells by hemoglobin Degenerative forms Anisocytosis present in a blood different forms erythrocytes » normocyte (7,01–8,0 мкм) » microcyte(6,9–5,7 мкм) » macrocyte(8,1–9,35 мкм) » megalocyte (10–15 мкм) Degenerative forms Poikilocytosis present in a blood pictures erythrocytes different forms : elongate form , oval, ellipsoid and os. ОVAlOCYTE( ELLIPTOCYTE) – 5% all blood. Pathological cells regenerate Megaloblast mehaloblastyc cell type hematopoiesis Megaloblast oval cells in the diameter of 1,5- 2,0 times larger than normal erythrocytes is the final stage mehaloblastyc hematopoiesis. -
Erythroleukemia with Complex Cytogenetic Abnormalities: a Case Report with Review of Literature
RESEARCH PAPER Medical Science Volume : 3 | Issue : 7 | July 2013 | ISSN - 2249-555X Erythroleukemia with Complex Cytogenetic Abnormalities: A case report with review of literature KEYWORDS Acute Erythroleukemia, Flow cytometry, Cytogenetic abnormality Pooja K Suresh Purnima S Rao Urmila N Khadilkar Department of Pathology, Kasturba Department of Pathology, Kasturba Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore (Manipal Medical College, Mangalore (Manipal Medical College, Mangalore (Manipal University) University) University) ABSTRACT Acute Erythroleukemia (AEL) is a rare type of hematopoietic neoplasm, having a prevalence of 3-5% of all Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). We present a case report of acute erythroleukemia, a rare type of AML, with complex cytogenetic abnormalities. A 54-year old male presented with low grade fever and significant weight loss. Complete hemogram and a peripheral smear revealed pancytopenia with 18% blasts. It also showed features of hemolysis. Bone marrow (BM) study showed eryth- roid hyperplasia with erythroblasts constituting 85% of all nucleated cells and 21% myeloid blasts among non-erythroid cells. Flow cytometry revealed 23% blasts positive for CD33, CD34, CD117, CD36 and HLA-DR. Cytogenetic study revealed hypotetraploidy with numerous structural abnormalities indicating poor prognosis. Introduction cells. Of this, the proerythroblasts comprised 35%. Dyspoi- The term Acute Erythroleukemia (AEL) /AML-M6 is defined etic erythroid cells showing multinucleation, nuclear budding as proliferation of dysplastic erythroid elements mixed with and nuclear to cytoplasmic dysynchrony were noted. Myelo- blasts of myeloid origin. The recent World Health Organi- blasts comprised 21% of non erythroid cells. Megakaryocytes zation (WHO) classification has a category of acute myeloid were normal in number and morphology. -
Table of Contents (PDF)
126 (2) J Immunol 1981; 126:393-810; ; http://www.jimmunol.org/content/126/2.citation This information is current as of October 1, 2021. Downloaded from Why The JI? Submit online. • Rapid Reviews! 30 days* from submission to initial decision • No Triage! Every submission reviewed by practicing scientists http://www.jimmunol.org/ • Fast Publication! 4 weeks from acceptance to publication *average Subscription Information about subscribing to The Journal of Immunology is online at: http://jimmunol.org/subscription Permissions Submit copyright permission requests at: by guest on October 1, 2021 http://www.aai.org/About/Publications/JI/copyright.html Email Alerts Receive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at: http://jimmunol.org/alerts The Journal of Immunology is published twice each month by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc., 1451 Rockville Pike, Suite 650, Rockville, MD 20852 All rights reserved. Print ISSN: 0022-1767 Online ISSN: 1550-6606. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY Volume 126/Number 2 Contents CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY K. Kudo, A. H. Sehon, and R. J. 403 The Role of Antigen-Presenting Cells in the IgE Antibody Response. I. The Induction Schwenk of High Titer IgE Antibody Responses in IgE High-Responder and Low-Responder Mice by the Administration of Antigen-Pulsed Macrophages in the Absence of Adjuvants D. A. Hubbard, W. Y. Lee, and A. 407 Suppression of the Anti-DNP IgE Response with Tolerogenic Conjugates of DNP H. Sehon with Polyvinyl Alcohol. I. Specific Suppression of the Anti-DNP IgE Response W. Y. Lee and A. H. Sehon 41 4 Suppression of the Anti-DNP IgE Response with Tolerogenic Conjugates of DNP with Polyvinyl Alcohol. -
Acute Erythroid Leukemia: a Review
110 Apr 2012 Vol 5 No.2 North American Journal of Medicine and Science Review Acute Erythroid Leukemia: A Review Daniela Mihova, MD, FCAP;1* Lanjing Zhang, MD, MS, FCAP2,3 1 Pathology Department and Clinical Laboratories, Flushing Hospital Medical Center, Flushing, NY 2 Department of Pathology, University Medical Center at Princeton, Princeton, NJ 3 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School-UMDNJ, New Brunswick, NJ Acute erythroid leukemia is a rare form of acute myeloid leukemia. It accounts for <5% of all acute myeloid leukemia cases. According to the World Health Organization 2008 classification, it falls under the category of acute myeloid leukemia, not otherwise specified and is further divided into two subtypes: erythroid leukemia (erythroid/myeloid) and pure erythroid leukemia. Currently, erythroleukemia (erythroid/myeloid) is defined as 50% or more erythroid precursors and ≥20% blasts of the non-erythroid cells. By definition, pure erythroid leukemia is composed of ≥80% erythroid precursors. Acute erythroid leukemia is a diagnosis of exclusion and difficulty. This review discusses its differential diagnoses, which present with erythroid proliferation, such as myelodysplastic syndrome with erythroid proliferation, acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia related changes, therapy related acute myeloid leukemia, myeloproliferative neoplasms with erythroblast transformation, acute myeloid leukemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities and other types of hematologic neoplasms. Additionally, reactive conditions such as erythropoietin treatment, vitamin B12 and folate deficiency, toxin exposure and congenital dyserythropoiesis should be excluded. As a result, the frequency of acute erythroid leukemia diagnosis has been reduced. Important adverse prognostic factors will be summarized, including presence of complex cytogenetic karyotype as the most important one. -
Щетинин Патофизиол Ч2 Англ 9-10-19.Indd
The Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Stavropol State Medical University» The Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation The Department of Pathological Physiology PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, CLINICAL PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (WITH THE BASICS OF THE ORGANIZATION OF STUDENTS’ INDEPENDENT WORK) Specialty 31.05.01 General Medicine Part II STUDY GUIDE FOR FOREIGN STUDENTS OF THE ENGLISH-SPEAKING MEDIUM OF MEDICAL UNIVERSITIES Stavropol, 2019 1 УДК 616-092 (072) ББК 52.52я73 Р30 Pathophysiology, clinical pathophysiology (with the basics of the organization of students’ independent work), Part II: Study Guide / E.V. Schetinin, M.Yu. Vafiadi, G.G. Petrosyan, N.G. Radzievskaya, L.D. Erkenova, L.A. Parazyan, Yu.Yu. Gatilo, A.A. Vafiadi – Stavropol: Publishing house: StSMU, 2019. – 336 p. Authors: Professor E.V. Schetinin, Assoc. Professor M.Yu. Vafiadi, Assoc. Professor G.G. Petrosyan, ass. N.G. Radzievskaya, ass. L.D. Erkenova, ass. L.A. Parazyan, ass. Yu.Yu. Gatilo, ass. A.A. Vafiadi. ISBN 978-5-89822-595-7 Ч. I – 336 с. ISBN 978-5-89822-632-9 The study guide was developed in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education and modern programs in Pathophysiology, Clinical Pathophysiology in the specialty 31.05.01 General Medicine. The study guide is designed for foreign students of the English-speaking Medium of medical universities to carry out practical work during class hours and homework assignments for each studied topic in Pathophysiology, Clinical Pathophysiology with the basics of organizing