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Fir 5Ttt 3?Nf^2, C to BIDS WORKING PAPER fir 5TTt 3?nf^2, C TO BIDS WORKING PAPER Working Paper New Series No. 14 PF.KFOKMANCF OR SMALL SCALE WA‘ MANAGEMENT PROJECTS IN BANGLADESHr "ARID RUKAL APPRAISAL OR SIX SELECTED PROJKCTS rmation Resource Unit iy of Sussex Brighton BN 1 9RE, U K LIBRARY R E T U R N BY 13 OCT 1995 Institute of |7- . KARIMULLAH RHUIYAN* Development GtucSies June 1995 Price Tk. 75.00 urn, Trc>T*r BANGLADESH INSTITUTE OF DEVELOPMENT STUDIES — DHAKA, BANGLADESH f INSTlTtfrjE OF DEVELOPMENT STUDIES LIBRARY Working Paper New Series No. 14 PF.KFOKMANCF. OF SMALL SCALE WATER MANAGEMENT PROJECTS IN BANGLADESH: RAPID RURAL APPRAISAL OF SIX SELF.CTF.D PRO J F.CTS ID S Information Resource U University of Sussex Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RE, UK LIBRARY PLEASE RETURN BY 13 OCT 1995 Institute of KARIMULLAH BHUIYAN* i Development Studies - — --- m a 11 grtfMcatt— June 1995 Price Tk. 75.00 ♦The author is a Research Associate at the Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies, E-17 Agargaon, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, GPO Box 3854, Dhaka-1207. Acknowled gemen t The Appraisal Study of SSISP concentrates its efforts mainly on socio­ economic evaluation of ten selected projects in Bangladesh. The ten projects have been selected out of 31 SSISP sub-projects in such a manner that they are representative in terms of size, type and regional dispersion. However, it was subsequently felt that the left out projects may have some characteristics of their own which would not be captured in the evaluation of the ten selected projects. Moreover, all the projects selected for evaluation are already completed. It was felt that the on-going and the discontinued projects are also likely to provide valuable information on problems of implementing small scale water development projects in the country. Recognizing this, an attempt has been made to evaluate, using Rapid Rural Appraisal technique (RRA), the socio-economic impact of another six projects including those already completed, on-going and discontinued. This Report is the outcome of this effort. This working paper is a part of the report of the BIDS socio-economic evaluation study of Small Scale Irrigation Sector Projects (SSISP) in Bangladesh. Dr. Quazi Shahabuddin deserves special thanks as the Project Director of the BIDS-SSISP study. Thanks are also due to my colleagues of the BIDS-SSISP Research Team, as well as those who provided excellent assistance in computer programming, word processing, and in carrying out the field survey and subsequently in the tabulation of data (names are listed in Annex-1 of the Report). The members of the Appraisal Team extensively visited and spent about a week in each project area. While conducting the study, they received whole­ hearted cooperation everywhere. I, on behalf of the Research Team would like to take this opportunity to express my thanks to all those concerned. In particular, we are grateful for the cooperation received from the Chairmen and Members of Union Parishads in the survey areas, and the officers of different organizations at thana level in Boalkhali, Tetulia, Thakurgaon Sadar, Mohonganj, Banoripara, Uzirpur and Galachipa. Special thanks are due to Mr. M.A. Mannaf Majumder, Director and Mr. Md. Shahidullah, Executive Engineer at the Directorate of Planning Schemes - II (ADB), BWDB, and Mr. Harunur Rashid Bhuiyan (XEN), Mr. Altaf Hossain (XEN) and Mr. Haraidul Ilaque (XEN), as well as other staff of different field offices of BWDB, who provided their support and extended their cooperation in the conduct of this study. The Appraisal Team also wishes to thank the farmers, labourers, fishermen, and other rural people, who with their family members gave time and shared their experience with the members of the Appraisal Team. Finally, I would like to thank the Delegation of the Commission of the European Communities for conceiving and subsequently providing financial support for this study. Kar i mu 11 ah Bhu i yan June 1995 i Table of Contents Page Preface i Table of Contents ii List of Tables vi List of Figures viii List of Annexure viii SECTION I : INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 The Small Scale Irrigation Sector Project (SSISP) 1 1.2 Objectives and Scope of the Evaluation Study 3 1.3 Study Methodology and Sources of Data 5 1.3.1 Rapid Rural Appraisal Technique 7 1.3.2 Team Composition and Organisation of RRA for Selected Sub-projects 8 1.4 Structure of the Report 9 SECTION II : BOALKHALI IRRIGATION PROJECT 10 2.1 Project Description 11 2.2 Assessment of Project Features 15 2.2.1 Project Area and Location 15 2.2.2 Physical Structures of the Project and Implementation 17 2.2.3 Institutional Arrangement and Involvement of Local People 19 2.2.4 Irrigation 19 2.3 Agricultural Transition 22 2.3.1 Net Cropped Area 23 2.3.2 Cropping Intensity 24 2.3.3 Cropping Pattern 24 2.3.4 Yield Rates of Major Crops 29 2.3.5 Other Agriculture: Livestock, Poultry, Fishery and Forestry 31 2.3.6 Tenurial Arrangement in the Project Area 33 2.3.7 Land Holding Distribution 34 i i 2.4 Non-Farm Economic Activity and Infrastructure 35 2.5 Institutional Aspects 36 2.6 Education, Health and Nutrition 37 2.7 Conclusion and Recommendation 38 SECTION III : TIRNAI RIVER SUB-PROJECT 41 3.1 Project Description 42 3.2 Assessment of Project Features 44 3.2.1 Location and Area of the Project 44 3.2.2 Physical Structures of the Project 45 3.2.3 Institutional Arrangement and Involvement of Local People 47 3.3 Agricultural Transition 47 3.3.1 Net Cropped Area and Cropping Intensity 48 3.3.2 Cropping Pattern and Yield Rate 49 3.3.3 Other Agriculture: Livestock, Poultry, Fishery and Forestry 50 3.3.4 Tenurial Arrangement in the Project Area 51 3.3.5 Land Holding Distribution 51 3.4 Non-Farm Economic Activity 52 3.5 Institutional Aspects 52 3.6 Education, Health and Nutrition 53 t 3.7 Conclusion and Recommendation 53 SECTION IV : TANGON BARRAGE IRRIGATION PROJECT 55 4.1 Project Description 55 4.2 Assessment of Project Features 57 4.2.1 Location and Area of the Project 57 4.2.2 Physical Structures and Implementation 61 4.2.3 Institutional Arrangement and Involvement of Local People 64 4.3 Agricultural Transition 65 4.3.1 Net Cropped Area and Cropping Intensity 65 4.3.2 Cropping Pattern 68 4.3.3 Yields Rates of Some Crops in Tangon Area 70 iii 4.3.4 Irrigation in Tangon Area 72 4.3.5 Other Agriculture: Livestock, Poultry, Fishery and Forestry 74 4.3.6 Tenurial Arrangement in the Project Area 76 4.3.7 Land Holding Distribution 76 4.4 Non-Farm Economic Activity 77 4.5 Institutional Aspects 78 4.6 Environmental Implication 80 4.7 Education, Health & Nutrition 80 4.8 Conclusion and Recommendation 81 SECTION V : HAIJDA EMBANKMENT PROJECT 84 5.1 Project Description 85 5.2 Assessment of Project Features 88 5.2.1 Location, Area and Population of the Project 88 5.2.2 Physical Structures and their Implementation 91 5.2.3 Institutional Arrangement and Involvement of Local People 98 5.3 Impact on Agricultural Activities 99 5.3.1 Net Cropped Area and Cropping Intensity 100 5.3.2 Cropping Pattern 102 5.3.3 Yield Rates of Some Crops 105 5.3.4 Irrigation 106 5.3.5 Other Agriculture: Livestock, Poultry, Fishery and Forestry 109 5.3.6 Tenurial Arrangement in Project Area 110 5.3.7 Land Holding Distribution 111 5.4 Non-Farm Economic Activity 113 5.5 Institutional Aspects 115 5.6 Environmental Implication 116 5.7 Education, Health and Nutrition 117 5.8 Conclusion and Recommendation 119 SECTION VI : BAISARI - SAIDKATI PROJECT 123 6.1 Project Description 124 6.1.1 Location, Area and Access 124 iv 6.1.2 Topography, Hydrology and Type of Land 125 6.1.3 Project Objective 126 6.2 Agricultural Transition 127 6.3 Other Agriculture: Livestock, Poultry, Fishery and Forestry 129 6.4 Farm Size and Tenurial Arrangement 130 6.5 Non-Farm Economic Activity 131 6.6 Institutional Arrangement and Involvement of Local People 131 6.7 Conclusion and Recommendation 132 SECTION VII : PATUAKHALI POLDER 55/3 PROJECT 133 7.1 Project Description 133 7.2 Assessment of Project Features 136 7.2.1 Location, Area and Population of the Project 136 7.2.2 Implementation of Physical Structures 139 7.2.3 Institutional Arrangement and Involvement of Local People 141 7.3 Impact on Agricultural Activity 142 7.3.1 Net Cropped Area and Cropping Intensity 143 7.3.2 Cropping Pattern 144 7.3.3 Yield Rates of Major Crops 148 7.3.4 Irrigation 148 7.3.5 Other Agriculture: Livestock, Poultry, Fishery and Forestry 149 7.3.6 Tenurial Arrangement 150 7.3.7 Land Holding Distribution 151 7.4 Non-Farm Economic Activity 152 7.5 Institutional Aspects 153 7.6 Environmental Implication 154 7.7 Education, Health and Nutrition 154 7.8 Conclusion and Recommendation 155 SECTION VIII : CONCLUDING REMARKS 157 v jist ot Tables • Page Table 1 : Land Use in Boalkhali and Patia Thana, 1991/92 16 Table 2 : Irrigation Practice at Some villages of Boalkhali and Patia Thana 21 Table 3 : Change of Cropped Area in six villages of Boalkhali-Patia 1986/87-1991/92 23 Table 4 : Cropping Pattern (Percentage of Gross Cropped Area) at Boalkhali and Patia (1983/84-1991/92) 26 Table 5 : Yield Rates of Some Major Crops at Boalkhali and Patia, 1985-86 and 1991-92 30 Table 6 : Land Holding Distribution at Boalkhali/Patia 34 Table 7 : Change of Cropped Area in Some Villages (1983/84-1991/92) 48 Table 8 : Cropping Pattern in Some Villages 49 Table 9 : Area, Population and Net Cropped Area in the Project 60 Villages Table 9a : Cropped Area and Cropping Intensity in Some Project Villages 67 Table 10 : Cropping Pattern (Percentage of Gross Cropped Area) in Some Project Villages, 1983/84-1991/92 69 Table 11 : Yield Rates of Some Crops in Tangon Project Area 71 Table 12 : Investment Cost of Haijda Embankment Project 87 Table 13 : Area and Population of Mohonganj, 1991 88 Table 14 : Villages by Unions Within Haijda Project 90 Table 15 : Net Cropped Area and Cropping Intensity in Mohonganj, 1983-84 to 1991-92 101 Table 16 : Cropping Pattern in Mohonganj, 1983-84 and 1991-92 103 Table 17 : Cropping Pattern as Percentage of Gross Cropped Area (1983-84 to 1991-92) in Mohonganj 104 Table 18 : Yield Rates of Some Crops in Mohonganj 106 Table 19 : Irrigation in Mohonganj Thana, 1983/84 and 1991/92 108 vi Table 20 : Land Holding Distribution in Mohonganj, 1983-84 112 Table 21 : Type of Land, Soil Texture, Area and Salinity Level in Polder No.
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