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Impact of Flash Flood on Boro Rice Production in Taherpur Upazila

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Impact of Flash Flood on Boro Rice Production in Taherpur Upazila IMPACT OF FLASH FLOOD ON BORO RICE PRODUCTION IN TAHERPUR UPAZILA By Md. Abdullah All Sourav Master of Science in Water Resources Development Institute of Water and Flood Management BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY June 2017 1 BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Institute of Water and Flood Management The thesis titled “Impact of Flash Flood on Boro Rice Production in Taherpur Upazila” submitted by Md. Abdullah All Sourav, Roll No. 1014282018 F, Session: October/2014 has been accepted as satisfactory in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science in Water Resources Development on June 3, 2017. BOARD OF EXAMINERS 1. __________________________________________ Dr. G. M. Tarekul Islam Chairman Professor IWFM, BUET, Dhaka (Supervisor) 2. _________________________________________ Dr. Mashfiqus Salehin Member Professor and Director (Ex-Officio) IWFM, BUET, Dhaka 3. __________________________________________ Dr. A.K.M. Saiful Islam Member Professor IWFM, BUET, Dhaka 4. __________________________________________ Dr. Sujit Kumar Bala Member Professor IWFM, BUET, Dhaka 5. __________________________________________ Dr. Muhammod Nazrul Islam Member Professor (External) Department of Geography and Environment Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION It is hereby declared that this thesis or any part of it has not been submitted elsewhere for the award of any degree or diploma. Signature of the Candidate ______________________________ Md. Abdullah All Sourav i To my mother, Sultana Begum, my father, Hachhen Ali, my brothers, Shaikat and Shihab, and the most influential person for last five years of my life, my wife, Rumpa. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................ i LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................ vii LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................... x LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................. xi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................................................... xii ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... xiii Chapter One Introduction ......................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Objectives ........................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Possible Outcome ............................................................................................... 3 1.4 Limitation of the Study ...................................................................................... 3 Chapter Two Review of Literature .......................................................................... 4 2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 4 2.2 Flood in Bangladesh ........................................................................................... 4 2.3 Haor in North-East Region of Bangladesh ......................................................... 7 2.4 Flash Flood in North-East Region of Bangladesh .............................................. 9 2.5 Agriculture in Haor Region and Flash Flood ................................................... 11 2.6 Application of Remote Sensing in Flood Mapping .......................................... 13 2.7 MODIS data in Flood Mapping ....................................................................... 16 2.9 Density Slicing in Flood Mapping ................................................................... 20 Chapter Three Study Area ...................................................................................... 25 3.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 25 3.2 Location of the Study Area .............................................................................. 25 3.3 Haors and Beels of Taherpur ............................................................................ 25 iii 3.3.1 Tanguar Haor ............................................................................................. 27 3.3.2 Shonir Haor ............................................................................................... 28 3.3.3 Beels .......................................................................................................... 28 3.4 Land Use Pattern .............................................................................................. 28 3.5 Climate Condition ............................................................................................ 29 3.5.1 Rainfall ...................................................................................................... 29 3.5.2 Temperature ............................................................................................... 30 3.5.3 Humidity .................................................................................................... 32 3.6 Soil Condition .................................................................................................. 33 3.7 Agricultural Production .................................................................................... 34 3.8 Natural Resources ............................................................................................ 34 3.9 River Systems and Drainage Networks ............................................................ 35 3.9.1 Jadukata – Rokti River .............................................................................. 36 3.9.2 Baulai ......................................................................................................... 37 3.9.3 Patnay River .............................................................................................. 37 Chapter Four Data and Data Collection ................................................................ 38 4.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 38 4.2 Category of Data .............................................................................................. 38 4.3 Remote Sensing Data ....................................................................................... 38 4.3.1 MODIS TERRA and MODIS AQUA Data .................................................. 39 4.3.2 Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) 30m Global DEM .............. 40 4.4 Field Data ......................................................................................................... 43 4.5 Boro Production and Miscellaneous Data ........................................................ 43 4.6 Jadukata River Water Level Data..................................................................... 44 Chapter Five Methodology .................................................................................... 45 5.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 45 iv 5.2 Flash Flood Date Identification ........................................................................ 45 5.3 MODIS Data Download ................................................................................... 47 5.4 Cloud Free Data Identification ......................................................................... 48 5.5 Projection of Raw Data and Conversion to “tif” Format through MODIS Re- projection Tools ..................................................................................................... 49 5.6 Masking out the Study Area Using QGIS ........................................................ 50 5.7 Threshold Value of Digital Number of Water Pixel in Near-infrared Band and NDVI Data ............................................................................................................. 50 5.8 Inundation Mapping from Near-infrared Band Data ....................................... 51 5.9 NDVI Extraction and Inundation Mapping ...................................................... 52 5.10 Software Used ................................................................................................ 53 Chapter Six Impact of Flash Flood on Boro Rice Production ............................... 54 6.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 54 6.2 Identification of Threshold Values of Water Pixel DN in Near-infrared Band and NDVI Image .................................................................................................... 54 6.3 Inundation Mapping for Pre-monsoon Season from 2007 to 2014 .................. 54 6.4 Inundation Map of 2007 to 2014 ...................................................................... 56 6.4.1 Inundation Maps of 2007 .............................................................................. 56 6.4.2 Inundation Map of 2008 ................................................................................ 58 6.4.3 Inundation Map of 2009 ................................................................................ 60 6.4.4 Inundation Map of 2010 ...............................................................................
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