Ezekiel Goldthwait
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From Tongue to Text: the Transmission of the Salem Witchcraft Examination Records
KU ScholarWorks | http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu Please share your stories about how Open Access to this article benefits you. From Tongue to Text: The Transmission of the Salem Witchcraft Examination Records by Peter Grund 2007 This is the author’s accepted manuscript, post peer-review. The original published version can be found at the link below. Grund, Peter. 2007. “From Tongue to Text: The Transmission of the Salem Witchcraft Examination Records.” American Speech 82(2): 119–150. Published version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00031283-2007-005 Terms of Use: http://www2.ku.edu/~scholar/docs/license.shtml This work has been made available by the University of Kansas Libraries’ Office of Scholarly Communication and Copyright. Peter Grund. 2007. “From Tongue to Text: The Transmission of the Salem Witchcraft Examination Records.” American Speech 82(2): 119–150. (the accepted manuscript version, post-peer review) From Tongue to Text: The Transmission of the Salem Witchcraft Examination Records1 Peter Grund, Uppsala University Introduction In the absence of audio recordings, scholars interested in studying the characteristics of spoken language in the early Modern period are forced to rely on written speech-related sources.2 These sources include, among others, drama and fiction dialogue, trial proceedings, and witness depositions. However, at the same time, it has been shown that, although purporting to represent spoken conversation, these texts probably reflect actual spoken language only partially and to different degrees (for the evaluation of the degree of “spokenness” of these text categories, see Culpeper and Kytö 2000; see also Kryk-Kastovsky 2000; Moore 2002). Drama and fiction dialogue, for example, represents constructed speech produced by an author who may have been more or less successful in mimicking contemporaneous spoken conversation. -
The Development of Political Theory in Colonial Massachusetts, 1688-1740
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1970 The Development of Political Theory in Colonial Massachusetts, 1688-1740 Ronald P. Dufour College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Political Science Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Dufour, Ronald P., "The Development of Political Theory in Colonial Massachusetts, 1688-1740" (1970). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539624699. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-ssac-2z49 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TEE DEVELOPMENT OF POLITICAL THEORY IN COLONIAL MASSACHUSETTS 1688 - 17^0 A Th.esis Presented to 5he Faculty of the Department of History 5he College of William and Mary in Virginia In I&rtial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts By Ronald P. Dufour 1970 ProQ uest Number: 10625131 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10625131 Published by ProQuest LLC (2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. -
Salem Witch Trials Describe Darkest Era in American History
Salem Witch Trials describe darkest era in American history Vida Bikales & The Barn Players By Bob Evans Arthur Miller’s tragic, gloomy, Gothic-inspired tale of witchcraft, lechery, murder, and blind religious justice–with a huge dose of ignorance– spelled the darkest days of American history when New England towns succumbed to a frenzied idea that witches walked among them, thereby creating public executions of persons accused of contracting with the devil. The most famous American trials befell the town of Salem, Massachusetts, immortalized in Miller’s “The Crucible,” now playing at The Barn Playhouse in Mission, Kansas. Troubling, dark and dismal from the opening scenes, “The Crucible” only spirals deeper and darker with each scene as the story of adolescent girls pretend to summon evil spirits, dance naked, and drink chicken blood to cast spells on innocent townsfolk, causing the hangings of 19 “guilty” witches in their small town. Only decades after Miller’s work played world stages did the State of Massachusetts amend their judgments and pardon those accused and murdered as witches. Vida Bikales & The Barn Players “The Crucible” at The Barn carves the story into the hearts of the audience so thoroughly and completely. Do not expect levity in this show because there is none. Miller researched the actual Salem court records and used much of the testimony verbatim in crafting his play. Even with the focus on one particular family, the devastation created continues to create shivers when viewed. Luckily, Salem preserved their historic blunder and some cells that held the accused remain intact. Some chains remain attached to walls, and “The Crucible” and other such plays continue there for tourists who visit America’s most horrid injustices. -
Thomas Prince, the Puritan Past, and New England's Future, 1660-1736
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 2011 The Wondrous Chain of Providence: Thomas Prince, the Puritan Past, and New England's Future, 1660-1736 Thomas Joseph Gillan College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Gillan, Thomas Joseph, "The Wondrous Chain of Providence: Thomas Prince, the Puritan Past, and New England's Future, 1660-1736" (2011). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539626655. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-rkeb-ec16 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Wondrous Chain of Providence: Thomas Prince, the Puritan Past, and New England’s Future, 1660-1736 Thomas Joseph Gillan Winter Springs, Florida Bachelor of Arts, University of Central Florida, 2008 A Thesis presented to the Graduate Faculty of the College of William and Mary in Candidacy for the Degree of Master of Arts Lyon G. Tyler Department of History The College of William and Mary May 2011 APPROVAL PAGE This Thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Thomas Joseph GillaiT"'J Approved by the Com^^ ^ ^ March, 2011 Committee Chair Associate Professor Chandos M. Brown, History The College of WrNiam and Mary Professor Ifhristopher Grasso, History The College of William and Mary Assistant Professor Nicholas S. -
Catalogue of the Library and Autographs of William F. Johnson
* Copy / I - V CATALD DUE 30 X Ilibr&ry • &nd - OF WILLIAM F. JOHNSON, ESQ., w OK BOSTON, MASS. fVERY VALUABLE and Interesting Collection of English and American Literature comprising, under the title Americana, a num¬ ber of scarce works by the Mathers, Eliot and other authors of their day ; in General Literature, many Standard and Popular Works of Biography, History and Romance, and worthy of especial notice and attention, a Collection of FIRST EDITIONS of REMARKABLE INTEREST AND VALUE BY REASON OF BOTH RARITY AND BEAUTY OF CONDITION, including the most desired specimens of the works of Coleridge, Hunt, Lamb, Keats, Shelley, Thackeray, Browning, Bry¬ ant, Emerson, Hawthorne, Longfellow and others. Also to be mentioned a charming lot of CRUIKSH ANKIANA, and books illustrated by Leech and Rowlandson. In addition to all the book treasures there are Specimen Autographs of the best known and honored English and American Authors, Statesmen and others, many of them particularly desirable for condition or interesting con¬ tents. TO BE SOLD AT AUCTION Monday, Tuesday, "Wednesday and Thursday, JANUARY 2T—30, 1890, BANQS & 60.,,. , * i A ■» 1 > > > • «. it1 > » i ) >) > ) ) > 5 > 1 J > * ) » > 739 & 741 Broadway, New York. 7 ~ % > n > > ) t> ) >7 > SALE TO BEGIN AT 3 O’CLOCK!’ ' > 7 > ' 7 ' > > 7 ) 7 *7 >v > ) , 7 {y Buyers wl~io cannot attend tloe sale me\y have pcir- chases made to tlieir order toy ttie Auctioneers. •* \ in 3 7 . '" i 'O'b ■ 9 c 1 ( f' * ( 0 « C. < C I < < < I / I , < C l < C » c 1 « l ( 1C. C f «. < « c c c i r < < < < 6 < C < < C \ ( < « ( V ( c C ( < < < < C C C t C. -
Cheever Register Report First Generation
Cheever Register Report The Cheever family is one of distinction and infamy on the North Shore of Massachusetts. The emigrant, Ezekiel Cheever, was a distinguished educator in 17th century Boston as Headmaster of the Boston Latin School – the oldest public school in America and still a fine educational institution in Boston, Suffolk co., MA. On the infamy side is Ezekiel’s namesake son who was the dedicated bureaucrat who played a part in the Salem Witch Hysteria of 1692 as clerk to the judges and witness against several of the accused. He is the Ezekiel Cheever immortalized in Arthur Miller’s play, “The Crucible”. The emigrant Ezekiel was also involved in a lawsuit which besmirched his name when he spent years trying to get the courts to give the estate of his wife’s brother to him and his wife instead of Thomas Lothrop’s own wife after his death in the Battle of Bloody Brook during the King Philip’s War. The many name variations on “Cheever” make this one a tedious family to investigate. Name variations include: Cheaver, Cheavers, Cheever, Cheevers, Cheevor, Chevar, Cheveer, Chever, Chevers, Chevor, Chiveer, Chiveers and Chivers. I am sure there are others I have not yet come across. On the plus side, it is a family which provides many generations of direct line in the family tree. First Generation ————————————————————————————————————————————— 1. James1 CHEEVER was born circa 1560 in Mansfield, Nottinghamshire, England. 1579 is also given as a birth date, but he obviously did not marry at age 3. James died in Mansfield, before 9 March 1616/7; he was 56. -
FOL Newsletter Fall 2013
Friends of Wellesley College Library Wellesley College VOLUME 31 • FALL 2013 • NUMBER 2 The Papers of Anne Whitney: Scholarship, Classes, and a Crowd-Sourced Transcription Project for Wellesley Jacqueline Marie Musacchio ’89, Chair, Art Department significant number of of Art in New York and the Museum of Alcott’s real painter sister May, American women artists of Fine Arts in Boston were not stated that she always wanted to “go A lived and worked in late founded until the 1870s and they had to Rome, and do fine pictures, and be nineteenth-century Rome; they were few original objects in their early col- the best artist in the whole world.” evocatively but dismissively de- lections. These women also went But this was a fraught time in Ital- scribed by Henry James as “that abroad to push against social con- ian history. The ongoing tensions of strange sisterhood of American ‘lady unification, which pitted the papacy sculptors’ who at one time settled against the new secular government upon the seven hills in a white, mar- and its citizens, resulted in political, morean flock.” The poet and sculptor economic, and social upheaval on a Anne Whitney (1821-1915) was part of dramatic scale. Italy’s Ancient and artistic, literary, and political circles Renaissance past, as well as its com- in her native Massachusetts, and a plicated present, embedded in both key member of this community of Catholicism and these shifting politi- women artists during her years cal circumstances, were often misun- abroad. Although Whitney’s oeuvre derstood by American travelers. Yet includes statues of Samuel Adams for life in Italy had distinct advantages for the United States Capitol building, artists and these outweighed – and and Leif Erikson and Charles Sumner even allowed them to ignore – the for public sites in Boston, few associ- tensions that plagued native Italians. -
Compiled Service Records of Soldiers Who Served in the American Army During the Revolutionary War
NATIONAL ARCHIVES MICROFILM PUBLICATIONS PAMPHLET DESCRIBING M881 Compiled Service Records of Soldiers Who Served in the American Army During the Revolutionary War NATIONAL ARCHIVES TRUST FUND BOARD WASHINGTON: 1976 The records reproduced in the microfilm publication are from Department Collection of Revolutionary War Records Record Group 93 COMPILED SERVICE RECORDS OF SOLDIERS WHO SERVED IN THE AMERICAN ARMY DURING THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR On the rolls of this microfilm publication are reproduced the compiled service records of soldiers who served in the Ameri- can Army during the Revolutionary War. The compiled service rec- ords consist of one or more jacket-envelopes for each soldier containing card abstracts of entries relating to that soldier from original records. These compiled and original records are part of the War Department Collection of Revolutionary War Rec- ords, Record Group 93. The American forces during the Revolutionary War included many types of military organizations created by the Continental Congresses, the States, towns, and counties. The Regular units authorized by the Continental Congresses formed the Continental Army, but this Army was frequently supplemented by units of mili- tia and volunteers from the States. The compiled service records reproduced in this microfilm publication contain records for the Regular soldiers of the Continental Army and for the militia, volunteers, and others who served with them. The larger entity is referred to in this publication as the American Army. In 1775 the Continental Congress took command of the forces of the New England colonies besieging Boston and instituted the first of a series of major reorganizations of the Army. In reso- lutions of November 4, 1775, the Continental Congress authorized the establishment of a Continental Army of 20,372 men. -
Wenham Library from 1840 to 1998
A History of the Wenham Library From 1840 to 1998 All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission, in writing, from the author, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages, in a review. Although the author has exhaustively researched all sources, to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the information contained in this book, he assumes no responsibility for errors, inaccuracies, omissions or any other inconsistency herein. Jack E. Hauck Treasures of Wenham’s History: Library Pg. 578 Wenham Public Library in Town Hall, 1900. Wellington Pool was the librarian. Photo courtesy Wenham Museum Wenham Library In the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, literacy in Massachusetts was quite high. 1 Most homes had a Bible and it regularly was read, as well as used to teach children to read. In the 17th century, for most people, there was little else to read than the Bible. Newspapers, left by travelers, occasionally could be found at the town’s tavern. In the 18th century, Wenham did not have any type of library. However, in nearby Salem, 10 newspapers were being published. In Boston, many reli- gious books began to be printed. It would not be until the 19th century that books and pamphlets became available to most people. In 18th century Massachusetts, there were fifty-two libraries. They included subscription, rental, medical, church and academic libraries. The wealthy had private libraries in their homes. -
Mightier Than the Sword: Benjamin Franklin's Satirical Rebuke of British
LIBERTY UNIVERSITY Mightier than the Sword: Benjamin Franklin’s Satirical Rebuke of British Policy A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History By Bethany L. Fontenot-Miller LYNCHBURG, VIRGINIA 2018 Table of Contents Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………………. iii Chapter 1: Introduction, Background, and Historiography……………………………………… 1 Chapter 2: The Gerrish Letter: A Rebuke of British Policy…………………………………..... 26 Chapter 3: The Jones Letter: A Censure of British Hypocrisy………………………………… 53 Chapter 4: Peace Negotiations: Beyond Publication…………………………………………… 76 Chapter 5: Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………... 94 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………………... 100 ii Abstract The genius of Benjamin Franklin resides not in his unique personality or worldly manner but in his distinct ability to eloquently express his ideas in written form. One of his most notable and peculiar scripted expressions emanated from his desire to assert American authority in peace negotiations with Great Britain in the final stages of the American Revolution. Franklin’s “Supplement” to the Boston Independent Chronicle, printed in 1782 at his press at Passy, satirized British political and economic procedure in an effort to illuminate British hypocrisy and defend American interests in the peace process. Though the “Supplement” has only recently earned a noticeable position in the narrative of Franklin’s biographical studies, the “Supplement” provides not only a glimpse into the evolution of Franklin’s philosophical ideas and political mentality but also a reflection of his efforts to secure a beneficial compromise through the Treaty of Paris. The two letters contained within the “Supplement,” a letter by Samuel Gerrish on Indian violence against American soldiers and civilians and another by John Paul Jones on British claims of piracy against America, were fabricated by Franklin and published as authentic articles by newspapers throughout both America and Britain. -
Claflin-Richards House Residents from 1660 to 1922
A History of the Claflin-Richards House Residents From 1660 to 1922 All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission, in writing, from the author, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages, in a review. Although the author has exhaustively researched all sources, to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the information contained in this book, he assumes no responsibility for errors, inaccuracies, omissions or any other inconsistency herein. Jack E. Hauck Treasures of Wenham History: CR House Residents Page 606 Mary F. Richards was the last private resident at the Claflin-Richards house. Photo Wenham Museum Claflin-Richards House Residents The name of the house comes from the first private owner, Robert Mac- Claflin, and the last private owner, Mrs. Mary Ann Richards. Over its three-hundred and seventy-five years of existence, the Claflin- Richards house has had many owners and residents. They include: a leather tanner, yeomen (farmers), a pastor, cordwainers, blacksmiths, soldier, gentleman, teacher, hog-reeves and widows. Eighteen children were born in the house. Many Wenham children were schooled there. Many well-known people visited the Claflin-Richards house, including: Daniel Webster, who “came in for a treat of cake.” 13 Louis Kossuth, the 19th century Hungarian patriot, stopped to drink the ex- cellent water from the well. 13 In 1686, Englishman John Dunton traveled to Wenham, “An Inland Town, well stord with Men and Cattle,” and "paid a Visit to Mr. -
Henchman, Daniel, Papers, 1712-1762 Collection Description (Continued)
American Antiquarian Society Manuscript Collections Name of collection: Location: Henchman, Daniel, Papers, 1712-1762 Microform Room Size of collection: N,tT.C..M..C. number: 3 microfilm reels RLIN id: t. Sources of information on collection: See accompanying sheet(s) for additional information. Source of collection: Original manuscripts owned by the Baker Library of the Harvard Business School, the Boston Public Library, the Massachusetts Historical Society, and the American Antiquarian Society (see collection description for details). Filmed at the American Antiquarian Society December 1991-January 1992. Collection description: Daniel Henchman (1689-1761), the Boston, Mass. bookseller, was the son of Hezekiah was a son of Hezekiah ( -1694) and Abigail Henchman ( - ). King Philip’s War, Capt. Daniel Henchman ( -1685), a schoolteacher, fighter in and one of the founders of Worcester, Mass. Daniel Henchman may have served an apprenticeship with a Boston bookseller, and by July, 1712, when the earliest ledger in this collection begins, he was in business for himself as a merchant. His business was extremely varied: in addition to selling and publishing books, he was a book binder and a stationer. He also sold other goods ranging from cloth to knives, buckles, combs, and spectacles. Some of this merchandise he imported. He often received payment in food or other goods. Throughout his career, a principal part of Henchman’s business was bookselling. He frequently acted as a publisher, arranging for the printing of specific works, often in partnership with one or more other booksellers. Nearly 400 works printed in Boston between 1712 and 1761 indicate on their title pages that they were “printed for” or “sold by” Henchman.