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Routine Test of Three Phase Induction Motor International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 04 | April -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 Routine Test of Three Phase Induction Motor Vishant Naik1, Saurabh K Singh2, Sahil Chawhan3, Jatin Wankhede4, Anand Nair5 , Ankit Balpande6 1,2Asst. Prof. , Dept. of Electrical Engineering, S.B.J.I.T.M.R.Nagpur, Maharashtra, India 3,4,5,6Student , Dept. of Electrical Engineering, S.B.J.I.T.M.R.Nagpur, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract- Amongst many types of electrical motors, The testing of rotating electrical machine for induction motors still enjoy the same popularity as they did constructional and electrical requirement can be verified a century ago. Several factors which include robustness, low without disassembling the machine. cost and low maintenance have made them popular for industrial applications when compared to dc and other ac Following tests are carried out on three phase induction motors. Another aspect in induction motor drives which has motor to check the essential requirements which are been researched recently is the use of multiphase induction likely to vary during production: motors where the number of stator phases is more than three. Induction motor is one of the most important motor 1) Measurement of winding resistance used in industrial applications. Induction machines are considered relatively reliable and robust due to their simple 2) Insulation resistance test design and well-developed manufacturing technology. This paper aims to represent routine test performing in three 3) Vibration test phase induction motor. The computer based no load and blocked rotor test method are costlier and the electrical 4) No load test parameters cannot be visualized by Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) based method. 5) Blocked rotor test KEYWORDS: Induction motor, No load test, Blocked 6) Phase sequence test rotor test, Vibration test, Temperature test, Phase sequence test, Insulation resistance test. 7) Temperature test 1. INTRODUCTION These tests are carried out to prove conformity with the requirements of the standard. These are intended to The induction motor is one of the most important prove the general qualities and design of a rotating motors used in industrial applications. It is used to electrical machine. convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. Its low cost and high performance in addition to its reliability 2. METHODOLOGY: make them the most popular alternating current motors used in the industrial and commercial fields [1]. These 2.1 No load test motors have the flexibility of application fields; they can be used in low power applications such as household This test is intended to find out the no load current, loss, appliances or in large power applications such as friction and wind-age loss. petroleum industry. Despite the fact of high reliability of induction motors, the operating conditions may expose 2.2 Blocked rotor test the machine into different fault conditions [4]. These faults may lead to machine shut down, thus causing This test is intended to find out the voltage industrial production losses. To protect the motor the faults must be detected in the initial stage. Early detection 2.3 Phase sequence test enables the maintenance engineers to take the necessary corrective actions as quickly as possible. The main reason Method – Phase sequence indicator meter for the motor faults is mechanical and electrical stresses [5]. 2.4 Measurement of winding resistance The electrical stresses includes over-loading, single Methods- phasing, phase reversal, under voltage and overvoltage a] Megger [3]. b] Wheatstone Bridge © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1745 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 04 | April -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 c] Multimeter d] Kelvin‟s Bridge e] Kelvin‟s Double Bridge 2.5 Insulation resistance test Method – Megger 2.6 Vibration test Method – Vibration meter Fig 1.connection diagram of no load test 2.7 Temperature test Methods 2.2 BLOCKED ROTOR TEST a] Thermometer method In this test, the rotor of the Induction Motor is blocked. A b] Temperature detector reduced voltage is applied to the stator terminal so that the rated current flows through the stator winding. The 2.1 NO LOAD TEST input power, voltage and current are measured. The experimental setup of blocked rotor test is shown in The no load test on an induction motor is conducted to below fig. fig.2. Circuit shown below is for Blocked Rotor measure the rotational losses of the motor and to Test to obtain more reliable values ranges of both determine some of its equivalent circuit parameters. In wattmeter should be 10A, 250V for Blocked Rotor Test. this test, a rated, balanced ac voltage at a rated frequency Similarly the range of Ammeter and voltmeter during is applied to the stator while it is running at no load. blocked rotor test, 10A, 250V. During this input power, voltage, and phase current are measured at the no load. The experimental setup of the no PROCEDURE: load test is shown in below fig. Fig.1.Circuit shown below is for no load test to obtain more reliable values ranges of To obtain short circuit current and its power factor angle, both wattmeter should be 5A, 500 V for no load test. block rotor test is performed on the motor. In this test, Similarly the range of Ammeter and voltmeter during no rotor is not allowed to move (blocked either by load test should be 5A, 500 V. tightening the belt, in case provided or by hand) and reduced voltage (25 to 30 percent of the rated voltage) of PROCEDURE: rated frequency is applied to the stator winding. This test is performed with rated current following in the stator To obtain on load current and its power factor angle θ no winding. Let the readings ammeter, voltmeter and power load test is performed at rated voltage and frequency. Let be ISC, VSC and PSC respectively under block rotor the readings of ammeter, voltmeter and no load power condition. Then, connected in the circuit be I0, V1 and P0 respectively during no load test. Then, COS θ = PSC COS θ = Po V2 * ISC V1 * I0 Short circuit current, ISC observed during the block rotor test corresponds to reduced applied voltage, VSC, which Hence, no load power factor angle θ can be calculated should be converted to rated voltage of the motor for from the readings of wattmeter. No load current, I0 has plotting the circle diagram. The relation between the been directly measured by the ammeter. short circuit current and the applied voltage is approximately a straight line. Thus, short circuit current, ISC corresponding to rated voltage, V of the motor is given by, Short circuit current, ISC „ = V * Isc Vsc © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1746 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 04 | April -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 It may be remembered, that the power factor of the motor The phase sequence meter is used for the direction is quite low at no load as well as under blocked rotor of phase sequence in three phase circuit are different condition. Thus, one of the wattmeter connected in the types of phase sequence indicator that are as follows: circuit will give negative reading in both the test, which may be recorded by reversing by terminals of the pressure Phase Sequence Indicator can be classified into two coil or the current coil. ways: (a) Rotating Type (b) Static Type 2.4 WINDING RESISTANCE TEST A typical 3-phase squirrel-cage motor has six connection leads in the electrical connection box for the three coils. If someone works with AC 3-phase motors, then it is important to know how to connect these motors in Star and Delta connection, and how to detect an electrical Fig. 2. Connection diagram of blocked rotor test problem. There are basically 4 problems that the motor windings can suffer from: 2.3 PHASE SEQUENCE TEST Broken coil (infinite coil resistance) It works on the principle of Induction Motor. The principle Short-circuited coil (less than normal or zero of rotating type phase sequence indicator is like that coil resistance) phase motor. Consider the working of a motor for a better Leaking coil to ground (current leaking from understanding of these indicators. one coil to ground/neutral) Two or more coils short-circuited with each For this motors, we require three phase power supply, other (current leaking from one coil to another whereas thus three phase Power must be supplied in a coil) sequence. Let us assume that the three-phase supply given to the motor has a phase sequence of RYB, then the motor All of the above problems can be detected with a simple will rotate in clockwise direction and if the phase Ohm-meter. First of all, you need to understand how the sequence of supply is reversed, then the motor will rotate coils are connected with the six motor leads that exist in in antilock wise direction. This may cause severe problem the electrical connection box. to the load and entire system. When a three-phase supply is given to the coils, then the coils will produce a rotating magnetic field, and this rotating magnetic field produces eddy EMF in routable aluminium disc. The eddy EMF produces eddy current on the aluminium disc, due to the interaction of the eddy current with the rotating magnetic field a torque is produced which causes the aluminium disc to rotate. The clockwise direction rotation of the disc indicates the sequence as RYB, and the anticlockwise rotation of the disc indicates the change in phase sequence.
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