DOCSLIB.ORG

Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Bioanalysis and Diagnosis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Bioanalysis and Diagnosis Showcasing the Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) technique for Bioanalysis and Diagnosis As featured in: applications by a group of researchers led by Prof Liwu Volume 13 Number 27 21 July 2021 Zhang from Fudan University and Prof Ventsislav Valev Pages 11581-12046 from the University of Bath. Nanoscale rsc.li/nanoscale Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for bioanalysis and diagnosis SERS is an eff ective analytical technique that has excellent potential in bioanalysis and diagnosis as demonstrated by its increasing applications in vivo . SERS fi nds a broad range of applications with clinical relevance, such as biological ISSN 2040-3372 PAPER Shifeng Zhao et al. The sign reversal of anomalous Hall eff ect derived from the transformation of scattering eff ect in cluster-assembled sensing, drug delivery, single cell assays, early stage cancer Ni 0.8 Fe 0.2 nanostructural fi lms screening and fast detection of pathogens. We present a comprehensive survey of SERS-based assays, from basic See Nicoleta E. Dina , Ventsislav K. considerations to bioanalytical applications. Valev, Liwu Zhang et al. , Nanoscale , 2021, 13 , 11593. rsc.li/nanoscale Registered charity number: 207890 Nanoscale View Article Online REVIEW View Journal | View Issue Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for bioanalysis and diagnosis Cite this: Nanoscale, 2021, 13, 11593 Muhammad Ali Tahir,†a Nicoleta E. Dina, *†b Hanyun Cheng,a Ventsislav K. Valev *c and Liwu Zhang *a,d In recent years, bioanalytical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has blossomed into a fast- growing research area. Owing to its high sensitivity and outstanding multiplexing ability, SERS is an effective analytical technique that has excellent potential in bioanalysis and diagnosis, as demonstrated by its increasing applications in vivo. SERS allows the rapid detection of molecular species based on direct and indirect strategies. Because it benefits from the tunable surface properties of nanostructures, it finds a broad range of applications with clinical relevance, such as biological sensing, drug delivery and live cell imaging assays. Of particular interest are early-stage-cancer detection and the fast detection of patho- gens. Here, we present a comprehensive survey of SERS-based assays, from basic considerations to bio- Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. analytical applications. Our main focus is on SERS-based pathogen detection methods as point-of-care Received 2nd February 2021, solutions for early bacterial infection detection and chronic disease diagnosis. Additionally, various prom- Accepted 2nd June 2021 ising in vivo applications of SERS are surveyed. Furthermore, we provide a brief outlook of recent endea- DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00708d vours and we discuss future prospects and limitations for SERS, as a reliable approach for rapid and sensi- rsc.li/nanoscale tive bioanalysis and diagnosis. 1. Introduction mass spectrometry, etc. that are developed for biomolecule detection and biomedical imaging, based on biological, physi- This article is licensed under a In applied sciences, rapid, accurate and sensitive response are cal and chemical phenomena. However, these tools are time key aspects of all analytical techniques; this is especially true consuming, they need favourable conditions for analysis and when it comes to detection and therapeutic issues within the expensive protocols, and sometimes they can struggle to solve Open Access Article. Published on 06 July 2021. Downloaded 10/10/2021 7:50:35 AM. healthcare environment. For reliable disease diagnosis and real-life practical issues (e.g. being unable to discriminate quick therapeutic actions, it is mandatory to have a clear between live and dead pathogens). For public health safety understanding of biological pathways and processes. and disease prevention, there is a dire need for detection Moreover, it is essential to have specific and ultrasensitive methods that offer high sensitivity, reproducibility, fast sample analytical tools for identifying clinically relevant molecular preparation time, user-friendliness and cost-effectiveness. This species. Traditional methods for bioanalysis and disease diag- need covers a wide range of biomedical applications including nosis are time consuming, as they require series of biochemi- vibrational spectroscopy for pathologies with reliable, fit-to- cal tests. Such delay is incompatible with medical emergen- purposes methods for bioanalysis and diagnosis. cies. Currently, there are different analytical tools, such as Benefiting from the recent advancements in optics, laser fluorescence immunoassay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent technology and nano-devices, surface-enhanced Raman scat- assay (ELISA), radio immunoassay, fluorescence spectroscopy, tering (SERS) has become a widely used spectroscopic tech- nique. The reasons are very straightforward: it can provide – structural information at the single-molecule level1 4 owing to a Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, the extremely large electromagnetic field amplification that is Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, produced by the excitation of localized surface plasmons 200433, Peoples’ Republic of China. E-mail: [email protected] bDepartment of Molecular and Biomolecular Physics, National Institute for Research (LSPs). Moreover, SERS is non-invasive, oblivious to water and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 (omnipresent in biological samples) and can probe confor- Cluj-Napoca, Romania. E-mail: [email protected] mational changes, as it provides vibrational information on c Centre for Photonics and Photonic Materials, Department of Physics, University of the targeted bioanalytes.5 Several reviews show the potential of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK. E-mail: [email protected] SERS in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM),6 in detecting dShanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, 7 Peoples’ Republic of China cancer cells and tumor margins in vivo conditions or in DNA 8 †These authors contributed equally to this study. biosensing. SERS could replace standard methods that are This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2021 Nanoscale,2021,13, 11593–11634 | 11593 View Article Online Review Nanoscale currently routinely used for DNA-based diagnosis. The possi- that are adsorbed on the surface of nanostructured metals, – bility to enhance disease diagnosis by employing SERS-based such as gold or silver nanoparticles (NPs).11 13 SERS also offers applications to detect biological markers at trace levels was structural information in biological media in ambient environ- evaluated recently in a comprehensive review by Chisanga ments.14 SERS surface selection rules mandate that the inten- et al.9 The current requirements of point-of-care (PoC) biosen- sity from vibrational modes perpendicular to the surface is sing, during an outbreak of a very contagious virus, are related increased while maintaining that from the parallel modes more than ever to strict biosafety regulations when transport- constant.12,15 Several environmental parameters, such as pH ing patients or biological samples to laboratory premises. The or temperature, can affect the surface adsorption of the bio- safe choice of portable handheld Raman devices with minia- analytes, and thus can influence also their spectral turized, reproducible enhancing substrates as sample support fingerprint.16 is becoming increasingly necessary. In practice, rapid Importantly, SERS is user-friendly, compared with other sampling, on a large scale, as a daily routine is met by the highly sensitive techniques (such as mass spectrometry), and amplified Raman signals, provided by SERS, which facilitate is applicable to aqueous solutions without the need for fast trace analysis of clinically relevant biomolecules in complex sample preparation protocols. Overall, SERS is quickly ambient conditions, involving minor sample preparation. For becoming an analytical technique of choice for successful instance, SERS-based detection of bacteria is fast and can be applications in bioanalysis, disease detection and performed at the single-cell level. It could be used for diagnos- diagnosis.9,17 Furthermore, SERS enables disease diagnosis ing human infections (e.g. with antibiotic-resistant bacteria) in vivo, i.e. inside living organisms, after coating biocompatible using culture-free methods, directly from patient fluids or even SERS-active NPs or substrates with appropriate surfactants in vivo.10 SERS also benefits from recent efforts to develop and/or protective shells.18 Fig. 1 presents representative tandem microfluidic devices in order to improve in situ bioa- examples of SERS-based bioassays reported in previous litera- nalysis with direct clinical applicability.7 ture for detecting bioanalytes directly or via specific receptors, Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. SERS is regarded as an ultrasensitive technique because it aptamers, etc. The versatility of SERS-based detection tech- can achieve single-molecule (SM) detection. In large part, this niques is highlighted by showing different SERS substrates sensitivity is due to the enhancement (by factors up to 108 or designed for detecting whole cells or clinically relevant bioana- even larger) of inelastic light scattering by those molecules lytes with precise accuracy and high sensitivity. This article is licensed under a Open Access Article. Published on 06 July 2021. Downloaded
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Raman Spectroscopic Characterization and Analysis of Agricultural and Biological Systems Qi Wang Iowa State University
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Graduate Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2013 Raman spectroscopic characterization and analysis of agricultural and biological systems Qi Wang Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd Part of the Agriculture Commons, Biomedical Commons, Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering Commons, and the Biostatistics Commons Recommended Citation Wang, Qi, "Raman spectroscopic characterization and analysis of agricultural and biological systems" (2013). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 13019. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/13019 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Raman spectroscopic characterization and analysis of agricultural and biological systems by Qi Wang A dissertation submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Major: Agricultural Engineering Program of Study Committee: Chenxu Yu, Major Professor Jacek Adam Koziel Kenneth J Koehler Lie Tang Sinisa Grozdanic Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2013 Copyright © Qi Wang, 2013. All rights reserved. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES………………………………………………………………………………...…..v LIST OF TABLES.................................................................................................................................vi
    [Show full text]
  • Analytical Chemistry in the 21St Century: Challenges, Solutions, and Future Perspectives of Complex Matrices Quantitative Analyses in Biological/Clinical Field
    Review Analytical Chemistry in the 21st Century: Challenges, Solutions, and Future Perspectives of Complex Matrices Quantitative Analyses in Biological/Clinical Field 1, 2, 2, 3 Giuseppe Maria Merone y, Angela Tartaglia y, Marcello Locatelli * , Cristian D’Ovidio , Enrica Rosato 3, Ugo de Grazia 4 , Francesco Santavenere 5, Sandra Rossi 5 and Fabio Savini 5 1 Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti–Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; [email protected] 2 Department of Pharmacy, University of Chieti-Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, Via Dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti (CH), Italy; [email protected] 3 Section of Legal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University of Chieti–Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy; [email protected] (C.D.); [email protected] (E.R.) 4 Laboratory of Neurological Biochemistry and Neuropharmacology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milano, Italy; [email protected] 5 Pharmatoxicology Laboratory—Hospital “Santo Spirito”, Via Fonte Romana 8, 65124 Pescara, Italy; [email protected] (F.S.); [email protected] (S.R.); [email protected] (F.S.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-0871-3554590; Fax: +39-0871-3554911 These authors contributed equally to the work. y Received: 16 September 2020; Accepted: 16 October 2020; Published: 30 October 2020 Abstract: Nowadays, the challenges in analytical chemistry, and mostly in quantitative analysis, include the development and validation of new materials, strategies and procedures to meet the growing need for rapid, sensitive, selective and green methods.
    [Show full text]
  • Drug Metabolism, Pharmacokinetics and Bioanalysis
    Drug Metabolism, Pharmacokinetics and Bioanalysis Edited by Hye Suk Lee and Kwang-Hyeon Liu Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Pharmaceutics www.mdpi.com/journal/pharmaceutics Drug Metabolism, Pharmacokinetics and Bioanalysis Drug Metabolism, Pharmacokinetics and Bioanalysis Special Issue Editors Hye Suk Lee Kwang-Hyeon Liu MDPI • Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade Special Issue Editors Hye Suk Lee Kwang-Hyeon Liu The Catholic University of Korea Kyungpook National University Korea Korea Editorial Office MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923) in 2018 (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ pharmaceutics/special issues/dmpk and bioanalysis) For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: LastName, A.A.; LastName, B.B.; LastName, C.C. Article Title. Journal Name Year, Article Number, Page Range. ISBN 978-3-03897-916-6 (Pbk) ISBN 978-3-03897-917-3 (PDF) c 2019 by the authors. Articles in this book are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. The book as a whole is distributed by MDPI under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND. Contents About the Special Issue Editors ..................................... vii Preface to ”Drug Metabolism, Pharmacokinetics and Bioanalysis” ................. ix Fakhrossadat Emami, Alireza Vatanara, Eun Ji Park and Dong Hee Na Drying Technologies for the Stability and Bioavailability of Biopharmaceuticals Reprinted from: Pharmaceutics 2018, 10, 131, doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics10030131 ........
    [Show full text]
  • Bioanalysis Zone
    Powered by Bioanalysis TOP ARTICLE SUPPLEMENT CONTENTS REVIEW: Immunogenicity and PK/PD evaluation in biotherapeutic drug development: scientific considerations for bioanalytical methods and data analysis Bioanalysis Vol. 6 Issue 1 RESEARCH ARTICLE: An ultrasensitive method for the quantitation of active and inactive GLP-1 in human plasma via immunoaffinity LC-MS/MS Bioanalysis Vol. 6 Issue 1 REVIEW: Analytical protocols based on LC–MS, GC–MS and CE–MS for nontargeted metabolomics of biological tissues Bioanalysis Vol. 6 Issue 12 REVIEW Immunogenicity and PK/PD evaluation in biotherapeutic drug development: scientific considerations for bioanalytical methods and data ana lysis With the advent of novel technologies, considerable advances have been made in the evaluation of the relationship between PK and PD. Ligand-binding assays have been the primary assay format supporting PK and immunogenicity assessments. Critical and in-depth characterizations of the ligand-binding assay of interest can provide valuable understanding of the limitations, for interpreting PK/PD and immunogenicity results. This review illustrates key challenges with regard to understanding the relationship between anti-drug antibody and PK/PD, including confounding factors associated with the development and validation of ligand-binding assays, mechanisms by which anti-drug antibody impacts PK/PD, factors to consider during data analyses and interpretation, and a perspective on integrating immunogenicity data into the well-established quantitative modeling approach.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review on Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Methods for Rapid Quantification of Oncology Drugs
    pharmaceutics Review A Review on Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Methods for Rapid Quantification of Oncology Drugs Andrea Li-Ann Wong 1,2,†, Xiaoqiang Xiang 3,†, Pei Shi Ong 4, Ee Qin Ying Mitchell 4, Nicholas Syn 1,2, Ian Wee 1,2, Alan Prem Kumar 1,5 , Wei Peng Yong 1,2, Gautam Sethi 5, Boon Cher Goh 1,2,5,*, Paul Chi-Lui Ho 4,* and Lingzhi Wang 1,5,* 1 Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; [email protected] (A.L.-A.W.); [email protected] (N.S.); [email protected] (I.W.); [email protected] (A.P.K.); [email protected] (W.P.Y.) 2 Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore 3 School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China; [email protected] 4 Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore; [email protected] (P.S.O.); [email protected] (E.Q.Y.M.) 5 Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117597, Singapore; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (B.C.G.); [email protected] (P.C.-L.H.); [email protected] (L.W.); Tel.: +65-6772-4140 (B.C.G.); +65-6516-2651 (P.C.-L.H.); +65-6516-8925 (L.W.); Fax: +65-68739664 (B.C.G. & L.W.); +65-6777-5545 (P.C.-L.H.) † Equal contribution. Received: 15 October 2018; Accepted: 5 November 2018; Published: 8 November 2018 Abstract: In the last decade, the tremendous improvement in the sensitivity and also affordability of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has revolutionized its application in pharmaceutical analysis, resulting in widespread employment of LC-MS/MS in determining pharmaceutical compounds, including anticancer drugs in pharmaceutical research and also industries.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Chromatographic Bioanalytical Assays for the Quantitative Determination of Marine-Derived Drugs for Cancer Treatment
    marine drugs Review Review of Chromatographic Bioanalytical Assays for the Quantitative Determination of Marine-Derived Drugs for Cancer Treatment Lotte van Andel 1,2,* ID , Hilde Rosing 1, Jan HM Schellens 2,3,4 and Jos H Beijnen 1,2,3 1 Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, The Netherlands Cancer Institute and MC Slotervaart, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; [email protected] (H.R.); [email protected] (J.H.B.) 2 Division of Pharmacology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; [email protected] 3 Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands 4 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +31-20-512-9086 Received: 15 June 2018; Accepted: 18 July 2018; Published: 23 July 2018 Abstract: The discovery of marine-derived compounds for the treatment of cancer has seen a vast increase over the last few decades. Bioanalytical assays are pivotal for the quantification of drug levels in various matrices to construct pharmacokinetic profiles and to link drug concentrations to clinical outcomes. This review outlines the different analytical methods that have been described for marine-derived drugs in cancer treatment hitherto. It focuses on the major parts of the bioanalytical technology, including sample type, sample pre-treatment, separation, detection, and quantification. Keywords: marine-derived drugs; cancer; bioanalysis; chromatography 1. Introduction For years, researchers have roamed the seas and oceans in search of organisms possessing chemicals that could exhibit therapeutic effects.
    [Show full text]
  • Bioanalysis Solutions Life Inspired, Quality Driven
    LIFE SCIENCES BIOANALYSIS SOLUTIONS LIFE INSPIRED, QUALITY DRIVEN EXPERTISE TECHNOLOGY QUALITY YOUR GLOBAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION FOR BIOANALYTICAL TESTING With over 30 years of experience and operating out of our GLP/GCP compliant laboratories. SGS has the expertise to both develop assays from scratch (including LC-MS/MS, immunoassays and cell-based assays) and to support large scale routine sample analyses, from regulatory pre-clinical (toxicology) to early and late clinical studies (Phase I to IV). SERVICES CONTINUOUS FOCUS ON (cytokines/chemokines) in human DEVELOPMENT matrices, methods readily available for SGS Life Sciences can provide clinical sample analysis. bionanalytical testings for drug A dedicated group evaluates assay SGS provides a large list of development from regulatory preclinical requests from a strategic and scientific biomarkers. SGS doubled its to early and late clinical phases point of view. SGS offers more than capacity (lab space, equipment and 700 validated methods that are ready • Method transfer, development staff) within the last two years to for use with very short lead time. and validation for small molecules, develop multiplex immunoassays for biologics, biosimilars and Validation criteria follow guidelines biomarkers screening by therapeutic biomarkers. from FDA area (Mesoscale, Luminex 200 • PK bioanalysis (small molecules, • 2018: Bioanalytical method validation platforms). SGS also invested in the biologics, biosimilars) & 2019: Immunogenicity COBAS®6000 platform for biomarkers • PD bioanalysis
    [Show full text]
  • Issues Facing the Bioanalytical Community
    Bioanalysis Zone ISSUES FACING THE BIOANALYTICAL COMMUNITY Issues Facing The Bioanalytical Community: Highlights From The Bioanalysis Zone Round Table Discussion FOREWORD Dear colleague, It is my pleasure to welcome you to this special Bioanalysis Zone interactive supplement, which has been created to bring you the highlights from our recent Bioanalysis Zone Round Table Discussion on Issues Facing the Bioanalytical Community. Bioanalysis Zone and Bioanalysis organized an independent Roundtable Discussion on 20 April 2016 at Hilton Orlando Lake Buena Vista, Orlando, Florida, USA, in which bioanalytical experts from Pharmaceutical Companies (Pharma) and Contract Research Organizations (CROs) were brought together to discuss topical issues faced by the quantitative bioanalytical community. Chaired by Neil Spooner (Senior Editor, Bioanalysis), the discussion 2 focused on three key areas. First, the panellists assessed the current situation of outsourcing in bioanalysis, and discussed the direction of outsourcing of regulated bioanalysis in the future. Next, discussions on the divide between investments being made by Pharma and CROs in new bioanalytical techniques and technologies were discussed. Finally, the growing skills gap in bioanalytical laboratories was discussed covering aspects such as: the reality of the skills gap; technical areas is which the skills gap is most apparent; where the skills gap occurs; and how can it be overcome. Having been part of the organizing team, witnessing the discussion unfold was highly informative. It helped my understanding of the depth of issues facing the bioanalytical community and future opportunities to overcome these issues. I am therefore delighted to be able to share this free supplement where you will find highlights from the resulting Round Table Discussion Report published in Bioanalysis and links to footage of the discussion, hosted on Bioanalysis Zone.
    [Show full text]
  • Quantitative Bioanalysis of Intact Large Molecules Using Mass Spectrometry
    Journal of Applied Bioanalysis openaccess http://dx.doi.org/10.17145/jab.20.006 REVIEW Quantitative Bioanalysis of Intact Large Molecules using Mass Spectrometry Catherine E. DelGuidice1,2, Omnia A. Ismaiel2,3, William R. Mylott Jr2, Matthew S. Halquist1,* 1Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Rich- mond, VA, USA. 2PPD Laboratories, Richmond, VA, USA. 3Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt. *Correspondence: Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Common- wealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. Phone: +1 804 827 2078. Email: [email protected] Citation: DelGuidice CE, Ismaiel OA, My- lott WR, Halquist MS. Quantitative Bioanalysis of Intact Large Molecules ABSTRACT using Mass Spectrometry. As biologic drugs become an increasing segment in the overall pharmaceuti- J Appl Bioanal 6(1), 52-64 (2020). cal market, it is important to develop accurate and reliable methods to analyze these drugs in biological matrices. With advancements in technology, biologics’ Editor: complex molecular structures can now be selectivity distinguished and quanti- Dr. Lin-zhi Chen, Boehringer Ingel- fied using high-resolution mass spectrometry and deconvolution software. Intact heim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, (top-down) mass spectrometric techniques have been established as alternative CT 06877, USA. or complementary bioanalytical techniques for instances when ligand binding assays (LBAs) alone were not well suited, as it can provide additional structural
    [Show full text]
  • Online Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Methods for Analysis Of
    ONLINE BIOANALYTICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY METHODS FOR ANALYSIS OF SMALL AND LARGE BIOMOLECULES USING ONE- AND TWO-DIMENSIONAL LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY by Yehia Zakaria Baghdady DISSERTATION Submitted to the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Arlington in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY December 2018 Supervising Committee: Professor Kevin Schug, Chair Professor Daniel Armstrong Professor Krishnan Rajeshwar Associate Professor Kayunta Johnson-Winters Copyright © by Yehia Baghdady 2018 All Rights Reserved Acknowledgments Thank you is never enough to express how grateful I am to all who have supported me to reach this major stage of my life. Thanks to Allah, the most gracious and the most merciful, for surrounding me with those gorgeous people who have positive impact on my whole life starting with my research advisor, Dr. Kevin A. Schug. He trusted my capabilities, accepted me into his wonderful group and gave me the freedom to grow as a scientist and to try new ideas for all new challenges which I have faced in my research projects under his continuous guidance and support. I could not have imagined having a better mentor and research advisor for my Ph.D. degree. I would like to give special thanks to Dr. Armstrong, Dr. Rajeshwar and Dr. Johnson- Winters for being my committee members, their interest in my research, their invaluable suggestions and letting my defense be an enjoyable experience. I would also like to thank all our lab group members. I was very fortunate to be surrounded with smart and friendly lab mates. I would never forget to thank Restek Corporation for funding my research, providing their newest column technologies and providing me with an enriching industrial collaboration through their frequent visits and educational presentations.
    [Show full text]
  • Raman Spectroscopy of Algae: a Review Niranjan D T Parab and Vikas Tomar* School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
    dicine e & N om a n n a o t N e f c o h l n Journal of a o Parab and Tomar, J Nanomedic Nanotechnol 2012, 3:2 n l o r g u y o J DOI: 10.4172/2157-7439.1000131 ISSN: 2157-7439 Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology Research Article Open Access Raman Spectroscopy of Algae: A Review Niranjan D T Parab and Vikas Tomar* School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA Abstract Algae are eukaryotic microorganisms which contain chlorophyll and are capable of photosynthesis. In various studies, Raman spectra have been used to identify a particular genus in a group of different types of algae. Each biomolecule has its own signature Raman spectrum. This characteristic signal can be used to identify and characterize the biomolecules in algae. Raman spectrum can be used to identify the components, determine the molecular structure and various properties of biomolecules in algae. With this view, this work presents a comprehensive review of current practices and advancements in Raman spectroscopy of Algae as well as in Raman spectroscopy of component biomolecules of different genus of Algae. Keywords: Raman spectroscopy; Algae; Biomolecule; Bio-analysis; depending on the changes in environmental conditions [3]. Based on Identification such attributes, algae have led to new development in applications such as sensing elements in biosensors [6-15]. Algae cells have also been Introduction used as an aid in controlling water pollution and heavy metal pollution Raman spectroscopy has proven to be a powerful and versatile [10,12,13,15]. One of the most important and visible uses of algae characterization tool used for determining chemical composition of has been in the domain of biofuel development due to superior lipid content in algae cells compared to other plant cells [16,17].
    [Show full text]
  • APA 2020 CONFERENCE AGENDA DAY 1: Monday, Oct
    WEBINAR OCTOBER 12-16, 2020 SHORT COURSE: OCTOBER 19-20, 2020 2020 WORKSHOPS: Regulated Bioanalysis | Discovery Bioanalysis & New Technologies | Mechanistic ADME SPONSORED BY: Organized by: www.bostonsociety.org Applied Pharmaceutical Analysis 2020 is Going Virtual! 2020 APA SPONSORS GOLD SILVER PHARMACEUTICAL 1 | PAGE ORGANIZERS’ WELCOME Welcome to the 2020 Applied Pharmaceutical Analysis Conference. Our organizers have gathered another excellent group of speakers for the annual APA conference. The program is arranged to incorporate extensive audience participation and discussion. We encourage attendees to take full advantage of the opportunity to engage in discussion in order to receive the maximum benefit from the APA experience. Thank you for your participation. APA ORGANIZING COMMITTEES PRESIDING CHAIRS DISCOVERY BIOANALYSIS Chair: Eric Ballard, Takeda & NEW TECHNOLOGIES Chair-Elect: Fumin Li, PPD Chair: Mark Qian, Takeda Chair-Elect: Jonathan Josephs, Sanofi REGULATED BIOANALYSIS Committee: Dieter Drexler, BMS; Hongying Gao, Innovo Chair: Yongjun Xue, Celgene Bioanalysis LLC; Elizabeth Groeber, Charles River Laboratories; Chair-Elect: Lori Payne, Alturas Analytics Christopher Kochansky, Merck; Violet Lee, Genentech; Katie Committee: Jakal Amin, Charles River Laboratories; Andre Matys, PPD; Jing Tu, AbbVie; Liyu Yang, Vertex; Jenny Zhang, Iffland, Vertex; Darshana Jani, Agenus; Ang Liu, BMS; Johanna Gilead Mora, BMS; Farhad Sayyarpour, Impact Analytical; Joseph Tweed, Cybrexa Therapeutics; Jenifer Vija, Charles River MECHANISTIC ADME Laboratories; Eric Woolf, Merck Chair: Lisa Christopher, BMS Chair-Elect: David Stresser, AbbVie Committee: Eric Ballard, Takeda; Silvi Chacko, BMS; Nagendra Chemuturi, Takeda; James Driscoll, MyoKardia; Valerie Kramlinger, Novartis; Chandra Prakash, Agios Pharmaceuticals; Richard Voorman, RMLV Partners; Greg Walker, Pfizer; Cindy Xia, Takeda; Hongbin Yu, Boehringer-Ingelheim 2 | PAGE APA 2020 CONFERENCE AGENDA DAY 1: Monday, Oct.
    [Show full text]