4430 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. APRIL 7, fought to conquer and to conquer overwhelmingly, but, truce de HOUSE OF REPRESENTArriVES. clared and peace effected, he harbored no resentment and pun ished no enemies. He not merely forgave, he forgot. THURSDAY, .April 7, 1904. True, he was not satisfied with a narrow margin of victory; it must be decisive. Even when success was absolutely assured he The House met at 12 o'clock m. did not relax in his efforts in the least. This feeling was misun Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. HENRY N. CouDEN, D. D. derstood and led to misconception and was the great source of the The Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read and appro\ed. excess of caricature from which he suffered. He needed only to_ MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE. be thoroughly known to be vindicated of all charges. Kindlier A message from the Senate, by Mr. P.ARKINSO~, .its reading feelings and a more generous appreciation succeeded to distrust clerk, announced that the Senate had passed bills and joint reso and malignity. Vituperation and abuse recoiled from him. He lution of the following titles; in which the concurrence of the went his way serene, calm, cheerful, and undistw·bed. It was House of Representatives was requested: his good fortune to live to see all the shafts of malice blunted and S. R. 67. Joint resolution providing for the printing of Senate turned back on his assailers. For eight years the strong search Document No. 240, relating to the beet-sugar industry in the light of infinite inquiry was focused upon him, but nothing mean United States; or small was ever disclosed. His life was an open book, every S. 4054. An ~ct for the relief of Richard King; page as clean as the first. S. 3665. An act granting an increase of pension to -Ellen M. He had no secret longings for other political honors. He was O'Connor; great enough to put aside any such ambition and was never S. 3361. An act to ratify, approve, and confirm an act duly en greater than in resisting the flattery of those who would have acted by the legislature of the Territory of Hawal.i to authorize made him a national standard bearer. The public will know but and provide for the maintenance and supply of fuel and illumi little of the great pressure brought to bear upon him to accept nating gas and its by-products in Honolulu; this crown, nor did he, l~ke Cresar, refuse each time with less and S. 1425. An act for the relief of Eleonora G. Goldsborough; and less insistence. He was firm to the last, because he felt he was S. 10. An act granting an increase of pension to Albert H . Taft. following the path in which his duty lay. He had given his word 'I'he message also announced that the Sen:1te had pas3ed with he would not be a candidate, and he kept his faith. amendment bill of the following title; in which the concurrenc9 Measure him from whatever.point you choose, his sturdy hon of the House of Representatives was requested: _ esty shines preeminent. The arts of the demagogue he scorned. H. R. 13350. An act conferring jurisdiction upon United States He hated all shams and artifice. He had no secret, dark-chamber commissioners over offenses com;:r.Hted in a portion of the per method cf achieving results. He did not win by intrigue. He manent Hot Springs Mountain Reservation, Ark. worked in the open; his methods might at any time have been The message also announced that the Senate had agreed to the laid bare to the gaze of the world. There was no secret in his amendment of the House of Representatives to the bill (S. 22Gl) handling of men. He was honest, frank, sincere, sympathetic, to amend section 4607 of the Revised Statutes, relating to soliciting friendly. His friendships were not confined within the narrow seamen as lodgers. · circle of party politics, for he gained the admiration and respect MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES. of those who would not agree with him. His honesty and sin cerity no one could doubt. If he was devoted to any cause, it was A message, in writing, from the President of the United States on account of its righteousness and justice, as he viewed it. He was communicated to the House of Representatives by Mr. never concealed personal and selfish aims under the guise of advo- . BARNES, one of his secretaries. eating public measures. He was frank and open in his relations SENATE BILLS REFERRED. to all legislation. He did not look to the shifting weathervane Under clause 2 of Rule XXIV, Senate bills of the following of public opinion to find direction to guide his steps. titles were taken from the Speaker's table and referred to their What seemed right to him he did. He never lacked the cour appropriate committees as indicated below: age of his convictions. He was modest and unassuming. He S. 3734. An act granting an increase of pension to Martha W. ne-rer sought applause, and never carried himself to be seen of Cushing-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. men. He won no victories on the field of battle; he did not fill S. 1244. An act granting an increase of pension to Sue Stevens the seat of highest authority r but he was a pil1ar of the State. Eskridge-to the Committee on Pensions. He was to a marked degree a well-balanced man, a man sane S. 240. An act granting a pension to Charles W eitfle-to th a in all the rela.tions of life. It follows that he was hopeful and Committee on Pensions. optimistic. Cheerfulness and good nature were the very essence S. 3334. An act granting an increase of pension to Frances G. of his being. He bore with him at all times the atmosphere of Belknap-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. love and sunshine. He was square, brave, and true; a grEat, E~ROLLED BILLS PRESENTED TO THE PRESIDENT. tender-hearted, manly man. No one was ever deceived by his bluffness of speech when the beaming eye and kindly smile belied· Mr. WACHTER, n·om the Committee on Enrolled Bills, rep1rted the sense of his words. The catholicity of his interests and sym that this day they had presented to the President of the United pathies was as boundless as his charities. He bad some faults that States for his approval the following bills: are common to most men, but he possessed virtues so rare as to H. R. 8681. An act to detach the counties of Linn and Chariton, challenge recognition and admiration. in the State of Missouri, from the western and attach them to the He passed away in the height of his power and influence, se eastern judicial district of said State; cure in the knowledge that he was known and honored by the H. R. 10:125. An act directing the issue of a check in lieu of whole country, that all misunderstanding and misconception had a lost check drawn in favor of the Pittsburg Shear, Knife, and passed away; looked up to by one vast set of interests as its shield Machine Company, now the Heppanstall Forge and Knife Com and by another as its sincere friend and true adviser. Not all he pany, of Pittsburg, Pa.; and advocated in this Chamber has been enacted into legislation, but H. R. 9653. An act to provide for the withdrawal, free of duty tm whether all his hopes are ever realized in the futw·e or not, the der bond, n·om the Louisiana Purchase Exposition of any articles projects in which he was interested will ever be associated with and materials donated to incorporated institutions established for his name. Death was his fixst defeat. A nation grieved at his religious, philo.5ophical, educational, scientific, or literary pur bedside and prayed for his recovery. The tears shed for his loss poses, or to any State or municipal corporation. were genuine and heartfelt. E...''ilWLLED BILLS SIGNED. No man who made so brief a passage across the theater of our Mr. WACHTER, from the Committee on Enrolled Bills, r~por te d national life ever left a stronger impress on his day and age in that they had examined and found truly enrolled bills of the fol every walk of life in which he took an interest. It is too soon to lowing titles; when the Speaker signed the same:. determine his rightful place in the valhalla of ow· national he H. R. 5055. An act granting an increase of pension to Woodson roes, but it is certain that the impartial biographer will record R. Daniel; him a great party leader, a statesman of high rank, a patriot of H. R. 5105. An act gi~anting an increase of pension to Jacob P. purest loyalty. Fishback; H. R. 5953. An act granting an increase of pension to Marcel The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is on agreeing Gagnon; to the ·resolutions submitted by the senior Senator from Ohio. H. R. 5533. An a-ct granting an increase of pension to Hugh L. The resolutions were unanimously agreed to. · Freeman· Mr. FORAKER. Mr. President, I move, as a further mark of H. R. 5846. An act granting an increase of pension to Carrie K. respect to the memory of the departed, that the Senate do now Baker; adjourn. H. R. 5856. An act granting an increase of pension to Nancy A. ' The motion was unanimously agreed to; and (at 4 o'clock and King: 33 minutes p.m.) the Senate adjourned until to-morrow, Friday, H. R. 5681. An act g1·anting an increase of pension to PhilHp AprilS, 1904, at 12 o'clock meridian. w~~; . . ,
1904. OONGRESSION AL -RECORD-ROUSE. 4431
H. R. 12386. An ad to authorize W. Denny & Co. to bridge H. R. 6592. :An act granting an increase of' pension to Sarah C. Dog River, in the State of :Mississippi; Wilson; - H. R. 5247. An act granting an increase of pension to Lora H. R. ·6425. An act granting an increase of pension to David Milliken; Walker; H. R. 5261. An act granting an increase of pension to Julia M. H. R. 11301. An act granting an increase of pension to Ellen Oakley; Carolin~ Steele; H. R. 5107. An act granting an increase of _pension-to John W. H. R. 11999. An act granting an increase of pension to William King· Vincent; and H. R. 5888. An act granting an increase of pension to Mary H. R. 7986. An act granting an increase of Jlension to Stephen Irene Rosenthal; _ Bricker. - H. R. 6973. An act granting an increase of pension -to Simeon SENATE BILLS AND RESOLUTION REFERRED. Billings; Under clause 2 of Ru1e XXIV, Senate bills and resolution of ·n. R. 6966. An act granting an increase of pension to Rox.ana the following titles were -taken from the Speaker's table andre~ S. Ker; ferred to their appropriate committees as indicated below: H. R. 6062. An act granting an increase of peiLSion to Alvin S. 10. An a Win0o-ate· of printed matter. I doubt, Mr. Speaker, if one-fourth of the H. R. is230. An act granting an increase of pension to Amos Members of this Honse have read ca_refnlly and with exactness T. Richardson; • the report of tbe majority and the views of the minority of the H. R. 13117. An act granting an increase of pension to Lewis ·Judiciary Committee and the 360 pri..nted pages of testimony in Sawyer; the casa. It is absolutely essential that each Member of thiS H. R. 12680. An act granting an increase of pension to Hervey House read carefully and accm·ately the report of the majority ! Polen; and the views of the minority and the printed evidence in the ~ H. R. 13067. An act granting an increase of pension to Thomas case before they can vote intelligently upon the question whether W. Prentiss; impeachment f)roceedings will lie against Judge Swayne. H. R. 13263. An act granting an increase of pension to Caroline It is well known that an early adjournment of this Congress is E. Pratt; contemplated, possibly May 1 next. And it is well known to H. R. 13283. An act granting an increas.e of pension to William this Congress and to the country that much important business York; - of this Congress touching upon legislation is yet not acted upon. H. R. 8120. An act granting an increase of pension to Delzon It is also lmown that many Members of this House are now absent Allen; in their respective States engaged in a canvass for renomination. H. R. 8121. An act granting an increase of pension to Joseph It is also well known that the attention of Members of both Houses :M. Ellis; of this Congress is, to a great degree, centered upon the issues H. R. 8283. An act granting an increase of pension to Henry involved in the two nation 1 conventions of the two great political Herkes; parties, soon to occur, and upon the subsequent Presidential elec H. R. 8099. .An act granting an increase of pension to -stephen tion to occur this year. L. Richardson; - It is obvious, Mr. Speaker, far all these reasons, that the atten H. R. 12557 . .:An act granting an increase of pension to George tion of this House -can not be fixed with that certainty upon the W': Gardiner; issues involved in this case that the importance of these issues H. R. 11011. An act granting an increase of pension to John demand. And'I appeal to this body, both Republicans and Dem Linn· ocrats, that they may, carefnlly examine the two reports made in H. 'R. 6530. An act grantin-g -an increase of pension to Thomas this ease, and the printed evidence, and ·prep-are to vote on thiB Williams; great question with no other object in view except the cause of 4432 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-H.OUSE. APRIL 7, right and justice. And I rely with confidence upon the hope that which the House by unanimous vote refused to concur, made the the Members of this body, without respect to party affiliations, subject of debate here and time allowed for it, and my rea-son for will bring :fihally to the consideration of this high question no itis-- feeling or sentiment except the single desire to reach a just and Mr. HULL. What do you desire now? righteous conclusion. Mr. PARKER. I desire to move to nonconcur in that amend Mr. PALMER. Mr. Speaker, I move the previous question on ment and insist upon our disagreeml3nt. the adoption of the resolution. Mr. HULL. M1·. Speaker, I want to say that the House unani The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Pennsylvania moves the mously resolved to disagree to every amendment reported by the previous question on the adoption of the resolution. Senate, except those amendments where an affirmative motion The previous question was ordered. was made to recede from our disagreement and concur, so that The SPEAKER. The question is on agreeing to the resolution. the amendment in regard to the consolidation of the bureaus of The question was taken; and the resolution was agreed to. the War Department is exactly on the same footing as all other On motion of Mr. PALMER, a motion to reconsider the vote by amendments where no motion was made for the House to concur. which the resolution was passed was laid on the table. Of course the gentleman from New Jersey must know that he could not have a separate vote on this, and that we must either MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT. vote up or vote down the conference report. The SPEAKER laid before the House a message from the Pres Mr. PARKER. I desire to have a vote on that matter. This ident; which was read, as follows, and referred to the Committee was not stated by the gentleman from Iowa in making the ex on Industrial Arts and Expositions, and ordered to be printed: planation except to say they agreed. On this matter there was To the Senate and HO'USe of Representatives: no debate except the few remarks I made, because all were in I transmit herewith a report from the Secretary of State, covering a state favor of nonconcurring, and it is a matter of so great imp0rtance ment showing the receipts and disbursements of the Louisiana Purchase Ex. po!:!ition Company for the month of February, 190i, furnished by the Louisi that I desire to have an opportunity to have the debate, if it has ana Purchase Exposition Commission jn pursuance of section ll of the "Act to be taken on the whole conference report. But I desire to have to provide for celebrating the one hundredth anniversary of the purchase of a debate w~ch ought to be on a matter which changes the whole the Louisiana territory," etc., approved March 3, 1ro1. law with reference the Army by creating an extra major • THEODORE ROOSEVELT. to WHITlil HousE, April 7, 1904. general and an extra brigadier-general by order of the President, unconstitutionally, to appoint certain officers to these positions, ARMY APPROPRI.A.TION BILL. although they are nothing but clerks. Mr. HULL. Mr. Speaker, I desire to call up the conference Mr. HULL. Mr. Speaker, the gentleman is debating out of report on the bill making appropriations for the Army. time. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Iowa calls up the con The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman from Iowa yield to the ference report on the army appropriati on bill. Does the gentle gentleman from New Jersey? man desire to have the report read or the statement? Mr. HULL. I do not. If the gentleman will tell me how :Mr. HULL. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that the much time he wants, I will perhaps give it to him. How much statement be read. time does the gentleman desire? The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Iowa asks unanimous Mr. PARKER. I would like to have an arrangement for one consent that the statement be read in lien of the report. hour on each side. Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I would like to ask the Mr. HULL. Oh, I can not agree to that at all. I w3tnt to. say . gentleman a ·question. · that when this motion was up the other day I yielded to the gen The SPE.AKER. Does the gentleman yield? tleman from New Jersey all the time he desired, and his remarks Mr. HULL. Certainly, I yield. are printed in full in the RECORD, so that the whole membership Mr. UNDERWOOD. Hasthereportandstatementbeenprinted of this House can read them. There was not a word said on the in the RECORD? other side, because we believed that the House was familiar with Mr. HULL. It has. the matter and was ready to concur. Of course if the gentleman The SPEAKER. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The from New Jersey did not finish his address when the conference Chair hears none. The Clerk will read the statement. report was up before, I am willing to yield him ten minutes to The Clerk read the statement as printed on page 4406 of the conclude it. RECORD. . Mr. PARKER. Mr. Speaker, I desire to say that I know there Mr. HULL. Mr. Speaker, the report of the conferees is practi are many Members besides myself who would like to give their cally the same as submitted in its first report, except that it agrees views on this subject. to the amendment in regard to the increase of the Signal Corps to Mr. COOPER of Wisconsin. What is the amendment? correspond with the action of the House on that amendment, the Mr. PARKER. It is amendment No. 27, which creates a mili Senate conferees agreeing to the amendment as it was passed by tary secretaryship to be filled by the Chief of the Record and Pen the House. The two amendments to which the point of order sion Office, which abolishes the place of Adjutant-General and was raised nave been changed so as to avoid any question on that leaves the present Adjutant-General no place whatever. It orders score. In the one in the pay department we simply agree to the that another gentleman shall be made a brigadier-general, and it Senate amendment which is providing for the details or apportion is a matter which ought to be thoroughly debated by this House. ment of the funds appropriated by the bill and the accounts to be Mr. HAY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to a parliamentary inquiry. I made. On the hospital business the change made in the Senate desire to know-- amendinent was to reduce the hospital at Fort Riley by $10,000 and Mr. PARKER. Mr. Speaker, I ask for a reasonable time. increase the hospital at Fort Snelling $10,000, leaving the amount The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman from Iowa yield to the apportioned by the Senate amendment in its total amount exactly gentleman from New Jersey? as it passed the Senate. · Mr. HULL. No, Mr. Speaker; I think the gentleman has ex Now, Mr. Speaker, of the four amendments thatwerenotagreed plained his position fully to the House. I want to say just one upon one is in 1·egard to the retired officers of the Army getting word in answer to the gentleman from New J ersey, that this one advance grade, and the amendmentappropriating$250,000for measure for consolidation is recommended strongly by former a road in Alaska, and $10,000 for a trail in Alaska, and $90,000 for Secretary of War Root, and by the present .Secretary of War a bridge across the Spokane River at Spokane, Wash. On these Judge Taft, and that the only question is one of inc.reased rank. amendments no agreement has been reached. I am ready, Mr. Neither Secretary recommended increased rank. Speaker, for a vote upon the conference report. I want to say that the Members all know something as to what Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. · Will my friend yield for a question? has been done in the War Department for the past fifteen years. Mr. HULL. I will. General Ainsworth, when he took charge of the records of the The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman desire to have the con War Department affecting the Pension Bureau, found clerks were ference report agreed to? employed costing the Government a million dollars a year. He Mr. HULL. I move to agree to the conference report. found letters on file there that had remained for months unan Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, I should like to have swered, and he has saved this Government more than $500.000 a the gentleman inform me whether or. not this appropriation to year in clerk hire alone. He has made it possible for every Mem build a military road in Alaska is put in this bill. bers of Congress-of the Senate or of the House-to write a letter Mr. HULL. It is put in as a disagreement. this morning and get an answer this afternoon. He has by his Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. I want it put out if it is in. services won the gratitude of the country, not only by what he · Mr. HULL. But you can not put it out, or out of the report. saved. but what he has done in expediting the public business. Mr. PARKER. Mr. Speaker, I desire to have the matter of We all know what it is, and I think the House is ready to v0te, the amendment numbered 27, which is the amendment creating and I move the previous question. an extra major-general and brigadier-general in the ¥ili.tary Sec The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Iowa moves the previous retary's Office, which was debated by me the other day and in question on the adoption of the conferenCe report. 1904. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 4433 The question was taken; and on a division (demanded by Mr. ranks as a private with some of these officers. They are the men P .A.RKER) there were-ayes 133, noes 31. who helped to fight the great battles of our country, and I am So the previous question was ordered. sure if any recognition is to be given to any class of officers, it The SPEAKER. The question now is on agreeing to t~e con should be given to the men who fought the battles from 1861 to ference report. 1865. Mr. Speaker, I do not care to say anything more. I hope The question was taken; and on a division (demanded by Mr. this amendment will be agreed to. It is perfectly fair, it is prop PA.RRER) there were-ayes 141, noes 30. erly safeguarded, and will not cost this Government more than a -So the conference report was agreed to. few hundred thousand dollars each year. The SPEAKER. The Clerk will now read amendment 29. Mr. HULL. Mr. Speaker, I desire to say just a word or two The Clerk read as follows: in addition to what I said the other day. Since our former Teport Field, line, and staff officera of the Army below• the grade of brigadier I have learned that the Senate has placed in the naval bill now a· general, with creditable r ecords, who served during the civil war, who have provision similar to this by which the marines are to be retired heretofore been or may hereafter be retired, shall hereafter have the rank at one grade higher. • and ret ired pay of the next higher grade; and the Secretary of War may assign r etired officers of the Army, with their consent, to active duty in re In 1898 in the personnel bill Congress gave to the Navy one cruiting, for service in connection with the organized militia in the several grade higher for all civil-war veterans, and did not limit the rank States and Territories upon the request of the ~overnor thareof, as military in any particular. A man who was a captain was retired as a attaches upon courts-martial, courts of inqmry and b :>ards, and to staff duties n~t involving service with troops; and such officers while so assigned rear-admiral, and if a Tear-admiral of junior grade he was re shall r eceive the full pay antl allowances of their respective grades, but no tired as rear-admiral of senior grade. So that Congre~s gave to officer shall be entitled to the benefits of this provision who received any all the officers of the Navy who had had civil-war service a grade advancement of grade at the time of retirement or with a view to retirement. higher. regardless of then· rank. This _amendment provides that Mr. HULL. Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from Penn this advancement shall not apply to any officer above the grade sylvania [Mr. MAHON] in order that he may offer an amendment of colonel. to the S;mate amendment. I do not want to yield the floor. The President of the United States in the last three years has . The SPEAKER. The gentlema~ from Pennsylvania is recog taken largely the old colonels and made them brigadier-ge1;1erals, nized. and in many cases has taken the brigadier-generals and made Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, I offer the following amendment, them major-generals. He could not recognize the officers below which I will send to the desk and ask to have read. the grade of colonel because they are by law promoted according - The Clerk read as follows: to seniority. The result_ is that the old civil-war veterans affected Recede and concur in Senate amendment No. 29, with an amendment as by this bill are largely the men of low rank. follows: I have here a table showing something about what the_Army Strike out of said Senate amendment No. 29the following: "Field, line, and staff officers of the Army below the grade of brigadier-_ has been doing since the civil war. I find that in the Indian wars general, with creditable records, who served durin a the civil war, who have since 1865 there have been 59 officers killed and 65 wounded, heretofore been or may hereafter be r etired, shall hereafter have the rank making a total of 124. In the war with Spa4l there have been and retired pay of the next higher grade." · - And insert in lieu thereof the following: 18 civil-wa1· officers killed, 89 wounded, making a total of 107. In "That any officer of the Army below the g1·ade of brigadier-general who the Philippine war there_have been 34 killed and 77 wounded, served with credit as an officer or as an enlisted man in the re~r or vol making a total of.111. And in China there have been 2 killed and unteer forces during the civil war prior to April 9, 1865, otherwiSe than as a cadet, ar d whose name is borne on the official registry of the Army, and who 7 wounded, making a total of 9. In other words, since_the civil has heretofore been, or may hereafter be, r etired on account of wonnds or war the old civil-war veterans have gone through enough war diEability incident to the service, or on account of age, or after forty-years' service to lose 113 officers killed and 238 wounded, making a total service, mn.y, in the discretion of the President, by and with the advice and coru::ent of the Senate, be placed on the retired list of the Army with the rank of 351. and r etired-pay of one grade above thatactua.JiY h eld by him (or to which he Mr. SLAYDEN. Do I understand the gentleman to -say that was entitled by reason of seniority) at the time of retirement: Provided, the officers whom he has mentioned as having been killed in these That this act shall not apply to any officer who received an advance of grade at the time of retirement, or with a. view of retirement, nor to any officer recent wars had rendered civil-war service? who r eceived an advanced grade at the time or since the date of his retire Mr. HULL. The officers named in this list are all men who mentor who has been restored to the retired list by virtue of the provisions had seen civil-war service. of a special act of Congress (nor to any officer who has received an advance of two or more grades since the beginning of the Spanish-American war)." Mr. SLAl.TJ)EN. And they were killed in war since the civil - Also strike out of said Senate amendment No. 29 the following: war? "But no officer shall be entitled to the benefits of this provision who re Mr. HULL. Yes, sir. eeived any advancement of grade at the time of retirement or with a view to retirement." Of course these men who have been killed will receive no bene fit from this bill. But I want simply to show that the Army has ' The SPEAKER. As the Chair understands the gentleman, he been doing arduous service and is entitled to as much recognition moves to recede and· concur in the Senate amendment with an as the Navy and the Marine Corps. I say this without reflecting amendmen~ whi9h has just been reported. upon anybody. It is true, however, that the Navy has passed Mr. MAHON. Yes. through thesewarswith better success than the Armyin the way Mr. HULL. That is my unde1·standing, Mr. Speaker. I will of losses since the close of the civil war. I am not finding fault. ask the gentleman from Pennsylvania how much time he de The Navy has rendered great service to the nation and added sires? great glory to the American name. But they have done it at the Mr. MAHON. Oh, four or five minutes. expense of only one officer killed. In view of that record it does Mr. HULL. I yield to the gentleman five minutes. seem to me that this Congress ought to be willing to do equal Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, there appears to be a consensus of justice to the officers of the Army who had civil-war service, espe opinion in the House on both sides that these men who served in cially in view of the fact that they are now mostly gone, and un the Indian wars before the civil war, and who went through the less this recognition be now granted it will be useless in the near great civil war for four long years, officers who were fighting future, as the civil-war veterans will soon have all passed away. men and who hav-e been retired on account of disabilities, on ac If this had not been done for the Navy, and now proposed for count of wounds, or on account of old age, should, in their old age, the Marine Corps. there might be some argument against it. be properly taken care of. This amendment provides that men Mr. WARNOCK. Does this amendment include all officers now on the active list can not receive this 1·etn·ement until they who were retired on account of wounds before 1865? have served, like these old soldiers, for forty years. The trouble Mr. HULL. Yes, sii·; it covers anyone who had service in the with the Senate amendment was this: That if we had agreed to 'it, civil war and is now on the retired list. men who had been in the service only a short time and had Now, Mr. Speaker, if there is no one else who desires to reached the rank of colonel could have been retired with the rank sneak-- of brigadier. Now, to put them on the same footing with soldiers - Mr. HAY. I ask the gentleman to yield me fifteen minutes. of the civil war officers must serve forty years before they can Mr. HULL. I yield the gentleman ten minutes; and if neces- receive this advanced grade. sary I will give him five more. I am sure there is no Member of this House who will for one Mr. HAY. I do not expect to use all the time myself. moment hesitate to give to these old officers of the Indian and Mr. HULL. Very well; I yield the gentleman fifteen minutes. civil wars, who have been retired on account of disabilities, who Mr. HAY. Mr. Speaker, the gentleman from Iowa bases his have been retired on account of wounds, on account of old age, argument principally upon the fact that this relief has been given this adv-ance. I made an examination of the War Department to officers of the Navy and is proposed to be given by this Congress and found that last year 17 per cent of these officers had crossed to officers of the Marine Corps. I understand that the Senate has the great divide and gone into the other world. The best calcu placed such an amendment upon the naval appropriation bUl for lation is that 25 per cent of .them will do likewise next year. the benefit of the officers of the Marine Corps. The gentleman Three years from now 40 per cent will have gone, and in five says that if this had not been done there would be some argument years from now there will not be 30 per cent of these old officers against this provision. Now, in my judgment, there is just as on the r ~tired roll. I make this plea because I have served in the much argument against it as if this had not been done. Becbuae XXXVIII-278 4434 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. · APRIL 7, something has been done for one branch of the officers of the Army Mr. HAY. Mr. Speaker, I yield five minutes to the gentleman and Navy w.hich ought not to have been done, that is no reason from Texas [Mr. SLAYDEN]. why we should now p1rrsue a policy which is acknowledged to be Mr. SLAYDEN. Mr. Speaker, I very reluctantly rise for the wrong. purpose of opposing an amendment which has been put onto this This matter has been thrashed out here on this floor over and bill as an act of grace toward men who rendered brave and effi over again, and the proposition has been repeatedly voted down. cient service to their country. I would not do it at all if I did It was voted down a few days ago, and I do not see any reason not believe that it was my duty to interpose every possible obsta why this should now prevail any more than it should have done cle to an increase of the expenditures of this Government, expend the e-ther day. I do not wish to consume the time of the House itures the advantages of which are not shared in by the great in talking about a question with which everybody is familiar. I mass of the taxpayers of ihe country. yield five minutes to the gentleman from Alabama [Mr. UNDER- These gentlemen whom it is proposed to benefit, a great many wooD]. · of whom I have the honor of knowing personally and with whom Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, Idonotsupposeitwillavail I have exceedingly pleasant personal relations, have already been much, but, for my own satisfaction, I want to make my protest retired at a rate of pay which is greatly in excess of the average against this class of legislation. As I understand the amendment income of the average American, however prosperous he may to the amendment, it proposes to retire men who have already have been. It adds to the annual expenditure of the Government been retired at one rank higher than that at which they were orig a quarter of a million of dollars, more or less. It undertakes to inallyretired. In other words, if some time within the last twenty increase the compensation of people who are already enjoying a years a man was retired as a captain in the United States Almy, fair income. it is proposed by this legislation to take him from the refu·ed list In many instances these gentlemen have urged as a reason for and retire him over again with the pay and emolu.ments of a major. this legislation that they were improperly retired; that they did We not only propose to do that for all the officers on the retired not receive the promotion which they liad deserved, and that their list to-day, but for all the officers who go on the t·etired list in the services have not been properly recognized nor adequately com future. pensated. If that is true, it is unfortunate, but it is a condition Now, the gentleman contends that there are precedents for of affairs which can not be corrected by this House at this time, doing this; that some years ago the Congress of the United States and certainly not in this way. I hope that gentlemen who are passed what was known as the "naval personnel bill," and pro going to vote upon this amendment will at least give a moment's vided for the retirement of naval officers at one grade higher than consideration to the people who will be compelled to pay these that which they occupied. I did not vote for that proposition bills. (Applause.] myself, but at the time there was a reason given why it should be Mr. Speaker, I yield back to the gentleman from Virginia the done. They said the Navy had been congested by reason of the balance of my time. number of men who had gone into it at the time of the civil war; Mr. HULL. I yield to the gentleman from New York [Mr. that it had become congested so that an officer did not reach the GOULDEN]. command rank until he was ready to retire, and that in order to Mr. GOULDEN. Mr. Speaker, common justice to the old vet have efficient service in the Navy you should retire these old men erans demands that this bill should pass. Th~ men who have who were captains and ·commanders, who were preventing the stood by the old flag not only during the civil war but since that younger men from coming. For that reason, not as a gratuity should be recognized in this very reasonable and patriotic man to them, but for the efficiency of the service, it was claimed that ner. The question of the expense or increase of taxation should we should retire them at a rank higher, and it was done. have no weight whatever, even with the gentlemen who are op And what has been the result? Why, a great many of the best posing this measure. They are now old men, men who have men in the Navy have taken advantage of it. We have lost effi given the best years of t~ir lives to the defense of their country; cient officers, who have retired from the Navy and gone into pri and in justice to these men who served in the Army they should vate s .::rvice, where they got more pay; and the complaint of the receive the recognition that has been given to the officers in the Navy Department ever since then has been that we needed more Navy. [Applause.] I hope, Mr. Speaker and gentlemen, that men and that we must have more cadets; that we are short of this bill as amended will pass not only by a good majority, but officers. by a urumimous vote in this House. [Renewed applause.] Now it is proposed to do the same thing with the Army, to put Mr. HULL. I move the previous question upon the motion of a premium on the retirement of men f1·om the Army whom the the gentleman from Pennsylvania. United States Government has spent its money to educate and The SPEAKER. The gentleman moves the previous question make officers. The precedent does not apply to men who are al on the motion to recede and concur in the Senate amendment ready retired. When we passed this retirement bill for theNavy with an amendment. it applied to men who were then in the service, but this bill pro The question was taken, and the previous question was ordered. poses to make it apply to men in the service and men who are out The SPEAKER. The question is on agreeing to the motion of of the service. Now, what good rea on can you give why you the gentleman from Pennsylvania to recede and concur in the should go into the Treasury of the United -States and take the Senate amendment with an amendment. pub1ic funds and give them to gentlemen who have no connection The question was taken, and the Speaker announced that the with the United States Government; who retired years ago under noes appeared to have it. the contract of service that they had previously made with the Mr. HULL. I demand a division, Mr. Speaker. United States Government? These men who are on the retired The House divided, and ,there were-ayes 121, nces 75. list entered the Army under a certain contract. They knew when So the motion to recede and concur with an amendment was they entered the service that they had a right to retire on three agreed to. fourths of the pay of the rank that they had attained at the time The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the next amendment. of retirement for age or on account of disabilities. That was the The Clerk read as follows: · contract they made. They reached the time of retirement. They Amendment numbered 49: For continuing the construction of a military were retired under that contract. They have gone into private wagon road from V a.ldez by the most practical route to Fort E ~ bert or Eagle, on the Yukon River, in the district of Alaska, $250,000; saia wagon life. The Government of the United States no longer expects to road to be surveyed, located, and constructed by and under the direction of avail itself of their services. And what reason is there for this the Secretary of War. proposition? It is not a pension. If it were a pension, they could The SPEAKER. ·Does the gentleman desire to further insist have their claims considered before the Pension Department. on the disagreement? This in no way relates to the pensioning of soldiers; it is merely Mr. HULL. I was going to move that, and the gentleman an effort to increase the pay of certain office1·s of the Army now from Washington desires to move to concur. I yield to him for retired or to be retired in the future. that purpose. Now, why should you go back into the past and drag back into Mr. CUSHMAN. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House recede the service these men who have retired, who have closed their and concur in the Senate amendment numbered 4.9. contract with the United States Government, just because you The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Washington moves that think they are good fellows or that they did valiant service for the House recede and concur in the Senate amendment just read. the United States at some time in the past? Yon give them this MJ. HULL. How much time does the gentleman want? additional pay without knowing any particular reason wh~ th_ey Mr. CUSHMAN. About five minutes. should have it. Possibly many of the men who are on this list Mr. HULL. I yield five minutes to the gentleman. are men who have large incomes, men whose incomes amount to Mr. CUSHMAN. Mr. Speaker, the matter now before the day to more than the income of a Congressman of the United Honse and which I trust the House will agree to, is the adoption States many of them; and yet by this law you go into the Federal of sen'ate amendment No. 49 to the military appropriation bill. Tre~y and take the people's money and give it to them as a That amendment reads as follows: gratuity. I say there is no reason or right for the passage of this For continuing the construction of a military wagon road from Valdez by btil, and it ought to be defeated. {Applause.] the most practicable route to Fort Egbert or Eagle, on the Yukon River, lil 1904. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 4435 the district of Alaska, $250,000; said wagon road to be survey~d, located, and higher than prices usually are in a new and far-away country. constructed by and under the direction of the Secretary of War. Prices on the American side are much higher than they are on This is the amendment which the Senate added to the military the Canadian side of the international boundary line at points appropriation bHl when we sent that measure from the House to not many miles apart. This is because they have good t·oads in the Senate. This is the same proposed amendment which we had the Canadian territory and we have not on the American side. up for discussion three days ago on this floor, and I now wish to And I want to state :in this connection th:1t these good roads on add to and emphasize what I then said in urging this House tore the Canadian side were built and are being built to-day by the cede from its disagreement with the Senate in regard to this item Canadian governmept. We pride ·ourselves as a nation on the and agree to the Eenate amendment. way we look after American interests. · And as a general thing This amendment proposes to appropriate $251'>,000 for continuing we usually do, but it seems to me we have made a startling ex the construction of a military wagon road from Valdez, on the ception in the case of Alaska. On this proposition I want to coast, to Eagle City, in the interior of Alaska. We had up for dis quote from the report of the Senate committee who visited cussion on this floor on yesterday a bill which, if enacted into Alaska. Speaking of road building, they say: law, will give the people of Alaska a Delegate on this floor to . The action of the Dominion government has been a marked contrast tQthe speak for them and represent their interests. I call attention to inaction of the United States. Prior to 1896 and 1897 there was practically this matter now in order to bring plainly and forcibly before no settlement in the region of the Klondike and no development of its re sources, but as soon as gold was discovered and miners from various sections your minds the wisdom of Alaska having a Delegate on this floor. swarmed in to se3k their fortune the government immeJ.iately beg;m the If we bad a Delegate from Alaska on this floor now he could construction of roads leading from Daw~on to the camps. During the last speak with both wisdom and authority on this proposed road five year s it has expended S7W~COO in that work. This sum is the first cost of S.j() miles of wa~?;on road3 ana wintar tra:ls. They now have 225 mil~:;s of appropriation which we are now considering. We are about to thoroughly built roadways, over which the heaviest freighting i.:! done, vote on a matter involving a quarter, of a million of dollars~ and co~ch es ar e run machinery of such weight and dimensions as to r equire the yet there is no one on this floor properly authorized to speak for use of from six to twelve horses is brought in. Owing to the newness of the roads and the heavy traffic upon them, the and on behalf of the region most vitally interested. But that is government has bean obliged to spend $':0,000 annually in their mainten.1.nce all I will now say on the need for a Delegate, and will address my and improvement. Up to this time the combined cost and maintenance of self for a moment or two directly to this proposed amendment. these roads has r equired an investment of $1,025,000. The committee when at Dawson wel'e taken out to view tha mining operations in that vicinity, and As Alaska has no Delegate on this floor I want to raise my voice besides visiting a large number of plants ~.nd witnessing the operations there in defense of this proposed appropriation, because I say to you carried on were driven a distance of more than 40 miles in a. coach drawn by that I think this is one of the most meritorious propositions that six horses. The roadbeds were hard and smooth, as gcod as would be found in almost any section of the United States. has ever been presented to this House for consideration. 'Three When a settlement is started that has pr.:>mise of permanency it is the cus days ago this House voted against this proposed amendment by tom of the Canadian authorities to send out engineers to hvestigate condi refusing to recede and concur with the Senate in this amendment. tions, and upon their r eport the local government determinEs when and. where roads shall be established and prasents estimates therefor. The Do I do not mean to be offensive when I say that that prior vote of minion government makes the necessary appl'Opl'iations of money and th9 this House by which we refused to agree to this amendment was road is at once constructed. The r esult of this system has mora than justified one of the worst and most indefensible votes I ever saw in this the expenditure r equired. To in part meet this expense a system of taxation has been adopted in which a license fee from miners and an export duty upon House. Let me explain this matter very, very briefly. gold ltre features. In the first place, this proposed wagon road is to be a military In contrast with this, attention is called to the conditions in the Fortymile wagon road. It is for the purpose of transporting our soldiers district just across the line in America:1 territory. Eagle should be the base of supplles for this entire district as well !1.3 for the head waters of the Tanana, and supplies from the coast of Alaska into the interior. To-day but nota rod of wago:J. road has been provided for by the Government. In the we have no way of getting our soldiers into the interior of Alaska absence of such wagon rrodstheAmerican population rrutkesitspurchases in except to take them across and through the territory of a foreign Dawson. Tha goods ara floated down the Yukon to t he mouth of the Forty mile, then poled or lined up that stream as far as possible, and carried on pack government-Canadian territory. Of course, in .time of peace animals the r emaining distance. In winter they are brought on Canadian and tranquillity we can transport our soldiers through foreign road:! to the boundary line and drawn by dogs the remaining distance. country without trouble; but when we are at peace we don't need The results are indica ted by the fact th:tt in 100'2, when the Canadian Yukon miner could have flour deliver ed to him at SS per 100 pounds, the American to transport soldiers to any great extent, and when we are in the miner at Chic:ken Creak had to pay $:'32. In tbe summer of 1903, when he was midst of military trouble we would not be allowed_to transport paying S7 .50 for his flour, his American friend was payin.g $18. The difference them through foreign country. In other words, when we don't m the price of ham and bacon in the two places was nearly 25 cents per pound. The price of condensed cream was doubled ·to the American; the same was need these facilities we can have them, and when we do need them true of onions. while the price of potatoes was three times as great to the we can't get them. It is the old story of the man who did not American. What is true of this district is equR.lly true of the Copper River mend the roof of his house when it wa.gn't raining because he Valley, the Tanana, the Koyukuk, and other gold fields before mentioned. didn't need to. And he didn't mend the roof when it was raining The committee a.re strong}y of the opinion that a great obligation rests upon the Government of the United States to ailopt a system of wagon roads because he couldn't work in the rain. for the r elief of miners in the American territory, and that as a basis for Now, then, I want to say first in as emphatic a way as I can that such a system a well-constructed wagon road should connect the waters of I am supporting this proposition first and foremost because it is the Pacific at Valdez with those of the Yukon River at Eagle, the length of which to b:l about 400 miles. This should follow the general lines of the mili to be a military wagon road, and I think there is a military neces tary trail consh·ucted, under directio.:1 of the War Department, by Captain sity for its construction. We have American troops in Alaska Abercrombie, in 1¢99 and 1000, along which trail there has since been con now, and the prospect is that for many years to come we will have structed and put into operation a milib.ry tele~aph line. Valdez is the most northerly harbor in the Pacific Ocean. It ism all essential p:J.rticulars the a greater or less number of soldiei·s in that Territory. This is the finest h3rbor on the coast, being o:pen and free from ice throughout the ye.. had an intere tin the large copper properties in the interior. He that was started when we had no railroads and no telegraphs,. but said that from a pet· ona.l and selfish standpoint he would rather we had to do it to get east of the Missi sippi. It was a'' national" this wagon road would not be built, because he hoped that his com necessity. One hrmdred and thil'ty-two miles of that road cost pany would build a railroad in there, and if they did they would about 20,000 a mile, and we were obliged to give it? up and sur rather not have any wagon road built. That is the situation. render it to the States becau.se of this expense and the keeping it However, it is only fair that I should state that that gentleman in repair. did say from a broad and philanthropic standpoint that he would Now, where did the revenue come from to build that road? It be willing to have the wagon road built for the general benefit of came from the sale of the public land , in consideration of which the country, although it would be to his inte!'est and to his own the different States wherein it was built agreed that these lands personal benefit if it was not built. I hope upon reconsideration should be exempt from taxation for five years. Mr. Speaker, of thi& matter in this House that the House will recede and con there might be no particular objection to this matter if it is built cur in the Senate amendment. We are now near the end of this from funds derived from the sale of public lands in Alaska. We session of Congress. We have not had a day in this House for will give them the ice. They might send their ice down here to the consideration of Alaskan matters. This probably will be the New York, where Chief Justice Parker and associates crushed the last opportunity we Will get during this session of Cong1·ess to ice trust. [Applause.] We are going to put him in the White confer a distinct benefit upon the people of Alaska, and I for one Honse, and he will crush the balance of the trusts of this country, hope that the House will recede and concur. [Applause.] which the Republicans will not do. [Applause on the Democratic Mr. HULL. Does the gentleman from Tennessee desire five side.) minutes? - Mr. HULL. Mr. Speaker, I yielcl five minutes to the gentle Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Yes. man from Minnesota [J\fr. TAWNEY]. Mr. HULL. Then, Mr. Speaker, I yield five minutes to the Mr. TAWNEY. Mr. Speaker, in addressing the House a few gentleman from Tennessee [Mr. GAINES]. days ago on this proposition I endeavored to call the attention of Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, we have here for our the House to the conditions in Alaska with respect to the present immediate con ideration a proposition to take $250.000 of money and future development in that territory. In company with some out of the Treasury of the United States, out of the revenues of friends last summer I visited southeastern Alaska spending some the United States, out of revenues belonging to the Government time in the tenitory. Never was I so im-pressed with the absolute of the United States, to start-for that is what it will do-to start injustice inflicted upon any people under the sovereignty of the to build a road in Alaska 400 miles long. Government of the United States 118 I was with the injustice Con Mr. CUSHMAN. Thatisexactlywhatthegentleman said, and gress is constantly inflicting upon the people of that· territory. he did not stutter when he said it. In the last Congress we enacted a homestead law for Alaska, Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Well, I never stutter when I speak, confining its benefits to citizens of the United States, upon whom and I generally say something when I do speak, unlike my friend. we conferred the right to take up 320 acres of agricultural land. [Applause.l Now this is a beginning point- We did not at that time know, and if we did know we had no re Mr. TAWNEY. Will the gentleman from Tennessee permit spect for the fact, that there are 5,000 intelligent natives in south an interruption? eastern Alaska for whom we had no consideration whatever in · Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. I could not possibly deny my friend enacting that legislati{)n. As a result of our ignorance of the ex anything. istence of these natives, their intelligence, industry, and loyalty Mr. TAWNEY. You speak of this coming out of the revenues to the United States, under that homestead law enacted by an of the Government? American CongJ.'eSS we made no provision whatever for the pro Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Yes. tection of these natives in any right, property or otherwise. Mr. TAWNEY. Are you aware of the fact that last year the While at Wrangell the Reverend Mr. Corsair informed me of a Territory of Alaska paid into the Treasury of the United State~ case in that vicinity where a native Alaskan during his entire life 320,000 more than the legitimate expenses of that Territory? had lived on a va.lu.able,piece of land. He was in possession of it Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. What of t"ttat? We must keep when we purchased the territory from Rru:sia. His father had an army and naval vessels there all the time. Has not nearly lived there before him and his grandfather prior to that-it was every State in the Union paid in "infernal" revenues into the his ancestral home-but under the h omestead law which we Treasury of the United Stated more than the cost of running passed, which the Congress of the United States enacted, that I"" those States, and yet the States did not get back the money they native was unable to obtain title to his home from the Govern pay in by building roads, as any gentleman knows? [Applause.] ment, and along came an American citizen and entered upon it Mr. TAWNEY. They do in the river and harbor bills and Gov and took his ancestral home away from him.' ernment buildings. A native in Alaska can not own a mineral claim, however valu Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. That is entirely another proposi able. The only right he has in respect to it is the right to work tion. .Almighty God made the rivers, and Congress did not and for the benefit of some other man, to whom he may convey the Congress will not, and here you are undertaking to inject into the information as to the location of it. He can not, under the be American system the building of a wagon road-not building a. neficent laws of Congress~ enter that land and take up that min national road, not building a military road to carry arms or sol eral claim in his own right. These people are not savages; they diers over, but, as the gentleman from Washington says, to build are civilized; th.ey dress in citizen's clothes, and live in houses a wagon road. My God! Could you see some of the wagon roads partitioned off for the accommodation of the different members in my country, I dare say some of the gentlemen sent here from of their families. They are not Indians; they are industrious; their sweet homes in the far golden West would say that charity they· support themselves; but in our legislation heretofore no begins at home. considerati{)n has been given to them whatever, although they Mr. Speaker, Congre s has not dared to go down into the rural have been self-sustaining, and have never cost the Government of portion of our country and spend money in building wagon roads. the United States a cent. Mr. CUSHMAN. Will the gentleman from Tennessee yield? I cite thiB, Mr. Speaker, only for the purpose of illustrating the Mr. GAINE of Tennessee. Yes. fact that in dealing with Alaska legislation generally, and e pe Mr. CUSHMAN. The ''gentleman from Washington'' did not cially with respect to the question now before us, which is abso say " wagon road; " he said "military wagon road." lutely essential to the development of the interior of that great Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. I beg the gentleman's pardon; it empire, we are absolutely ignorant of conditions, and should not may haye been in one of his stuttering moments (laughter], but be influenced by the arguments of men who know absolutely noth the gentleman said " wagon road." However, I will accept the ing about this territory or by the plea that this money come out apology. [Laughter.] of the Treasury of the United StatesA That it comes out of the Mr. CUSHMAN, Now will the gentleman from Tennessee United States Treasury is true. but who put it there? Who put yield for a moment? that money into the Treasury of the United States? The people lli. GAINES of Tennessee. Why, Mr. Speaker, did not the of the territory in which this road is pl'Oposed to be built . A gentleman say •' cannon road?" people who have nopart or voice in their government, either local Mr. ROBINSON of Indiana. Will the gentleman from Ten or national; whose every occupation is taxed by the Government, nessee yield for a suggestion? but who have no voice in appropriating these taxes for any pur Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Yes. pose whatever. Now, this proposed l'Oad will extend from Valdez Mr. ROBINSON of Indiana. I want to remind the gentleman to Eagle City. Only 45 miles of it is at all difficult of construc that there are only 700 soldiers.up there, but this is an entering tion. wedge contemplating the building of a nillit!).ry road. Since addressing the House the other day I ha-ve obtained the Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Now, the gentleman from Indiana following estimate from a civil engineer who is thm·oughly ac is the watchdog of the Treasury. I want to ask him how much quainted with the conditions that will have to be mBt in building it will cost befote they get through with it. Why, Mr. Speaker, it. This estimate was made November 10, 1903, and is addre sed it will take all of the gold in Alaska to build this road, 400 miles to Mr. B. F. :Millard, at Valdez, Alaska, a former citizen of Chip long~ Mr. Speaker, we ha.d to abandon the Cumberland road, pewa Falls, Wis., a man who ha.s lived in Alaska for six years 1904 .. 1 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD'-HOUSE. 4437 and with whom I am personally and very well a.cq_uainted. It iB The Committee" oiL Territories can go to work at on-ce. They can as follows: frame a law, if they see fit to· do so,. taxing the output of gold. VALDEZ, ALASKA, Nm:ember 10, 1909. They can tax the output-of fish; they can tax: the output of agri Mr. B. F. MILLARD, Valdez, Alaska. cultural products, and_ with that:pay fur. this road to be built un_ DEAR SIR: Following you will find' an approximate estimate of the co~ of der this act if it is deemed necessary to do so. It is in their power constructing the first 45 miles of a wagon road from Valdez to Stewart R1ver: to do it, but the enactment of this law right now will enable this Estimate of average mile. road to be built one year soone~ and when it is so needed by the Clearing and grubbing.----·· .. ______...... ------$SOO peoJ!le of Alaska· and by tho. military autliorities-of the United Grading 5,000 oubic yards, at 60 cents.------· ...... ---- 3,0CO Ball::! sting 80J cubic yards, at $1. ______...... ------· 800 States. Bridging, oulverts1 etc. __ .... ------.... ------~, 400 This is a military nece-ssity. There are at least 700 troops kept in.Alaska. The War Department has airea:dyentered into c.on, Total per mile------·-··· 5, Mr. BINGHAM with M-r. ::RIOHA.RDSON uf Tennessee. J\fr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. I voted " yea." 1 wish to Mr. HoLLIDAY with Mr. Mnms ofinaiana. withdraw my vote and vote '·present," as 1 am paired with the Mr. Ilm>BUR...~ with Mr. ADAMSON. gentleman from New Jersey. - 1tfr. LoRIMER with Mr. M AHOmiT. The name of ~Ir. RICHARDSON of Alabama was called, and he Mr. KNOPF with Mr. WEISSE. voted ''present.'' Mr. LOUDENSLAGRR with Mr. RICHARDSON of Alabama. Mr. RANSDELL of Louisiana. Mr. Speaker,..I would like to Mr. McCLEARY of Minnesota with Mr. SHACKLE:FORD. have my-vote recorded. I was-present and did not .hear my name For the remainder of the eession: called. Mr. PATTERSON of Pennsylvania with .Mr. niCKERMAN. The BP.EA.KER pro tempore. Was the gentleman listening M.r. CASSEL with Mr. GOOCH. when his name should .have been called? 1'rfr. BOUTELL with Mr. GRIGGS. • .Mr. RANSDELL of Louisiana. I c~n not say t"4at I was listen Mr. Hu~'"TER with Mr. RHEA. ing. My attention was attracted for a. moment, and .so I can not Mr. CHARLES B. LANDIS with Mr. TA-m. say that I was listening at that time. Mr. DAYTON with Mr. MEYER of Louisiana. The SP.EAKER pro tempore. The gentleman can not be re Mr. DEEMER with Mr. SHULL. corded. Mr. SHERMAN with Mr. RUPPERT. The result of the vote was then announced as above recorded. For the remainder of the week: Mr. HULL. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House do further Mr. SNAPP with Mr. EMERICH. insist upon its disano-reement to this amendment. Mr. SLEMP with :Mr. FLOOD. The question was taken; and the motion was agreed to. For the 7th and 8th: The SPEAKER. The Clerk will read amendmentnumbered 50. Mr. SlliTH of Iowa with Mr. LEWIS. The Clerk read as follows: For this day: Page 29, after line 2, insert: - Mr. WACHTER with Mr. TALBOl'T. "For locating and constructing a military trail, under the direction of the Secretary of War, by the .shortest and most Jlractica.ble route, between the Mr. GARD~"ER of Massachusetts with Mr. BASSETT. Yukon River and Coldfoot,•on the Koyukuk River, Sl.O,OOJ." Mr. WANGER with Mr. 8-ILBERT. Mr. METCALF with Mr. BARTLETT. Mr. HULL. Mr. Speaker, I desire to move that the House do further insist upon its disagreement to this amendment. Mr. SA.MUEL W. SMITH with Mr. BoWIE. M1·. THoMAS of Iowa. with Mr. GARBER. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Iowa moves that the Mr. ~illTH of New York with Mr. VANDIVER, House do furth~r insist upon its disagreement to this amendment. Mr. BURLEIGH with Mr. CROWLEY. Mr. CUSHMAN. Mr. Speaker, I move that the HoUBe recede Mr. WBIGHT with 1\Ir. McNARY. and concur in the Senate amendment. Mr. D..i.RR.A.GH with Mr. LIVERNASH. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Washington moves that Mr. KNAPP with Mr. SULZER. the House do recede from its disagreement to 'the Senate amend Mr. B.AJ3COCK with 1\I.r. LIVINGSTON. ment and concur in the t3ame. Mr. CURTIS with Mr. Co cKR.A...~ of New York. The question was taken; and the motion was rejected. Mr. GoEBEL with Mr. FosTER of illinois. The SPEAKER. The question is that the Honse· do .further in- Mr. McCREARY of Pennsylvania. with Mr. RILL of Mississippi. sist upon its disagreement to the amendment. Mr. SouTHWICK with Mr. ScuDDER. The question was taken: and the motion was agreed to. Mr. OVERSTREET with Mr. CoWHERD. The SPEAKER. The Clerk will read amendmentnumbered 51. Mr. FLACK with Mr. GoLDFOGLE. The Clerk read as follows: After line 23 on page29 insert the following: · Mr. GARDNER of Miohigan with Mr. TAYLOR, "The Secretary of War is hereby authorized to cause to be constructed Mr. GRAFF with.Mr. GRIFFITH. across the Spokane River in the county of Spokane, in the State of Washing Mr. GILLETT of ltiassachusetts with Mr. HEARST, ton, at such point as may be most advantageous fol' the Govermnent .service at Fort Wright Military Reservation. a. bridge, and may permit the use of Mr. HEDGE with Mr. LEGARE. such bridge by the city of Spolmne for the ma;ntenance of the water main, Mr. GAINES of W est Virginia with Mr. FITZPATRICK, and may make such arrangements as may be deemed best with the city of ltir. DRESSER with Mr. DOUGHERTY. Spokane and the county of Spokane for the maintenance of a. good macad Mr. HILDEBRA.!'T with amized road to said bridge1 and mnke sucb regulations and .requirements as lli. LEsTER. may be deemed fair and JUSt for the u...<-e of £aid bridge by the _people of Mr. DRAPER with 1\Ir. DAVIS of Floriaa. Spokane and by any corporation or compa.ny. rro carry into effect the fore· Mr. ACHESON with Mr. B.A.DGER. going provision the sum of ~'OO,OCO, or so mcch thereof a :Il:!SY be necessary, is hereby appropriated: Provided, That this appro:J?riation shall not be availa Mr. ALEXA..'IDER with 1\Ir. BA.KER. ble until the title Bhall be acquired and vested m the United-States to suffi. Mr. BEDE with Mr. B.A.NKHEAD. cient land to accommodate the terminal abubnents and necessary approaches .Mr. BnA.NDEGEE with Mr. BRA....~'"TLEY. . tor said bridge and until jurisdiction over the sa.me shall be duly conferred Mr. BuCirnAN with Mr. D.A. VEY of Louisiana. upon the Government of the United States." Mr. BURTON with Mr. ..BIWUSS.A.RD. Mr. HULL. Mr. Speaker, 1 move that the Honse do further Mr. CAPRON with Mr. BUR.."'ffiTT. insist upon its disagreement to amendment numbered 51. Mr. CoNNER with Mr. COOPER of Texas. Mr. JONES of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I desire to move that Mr. CooP:RR of Wisconsin with Mr. JOl\'"ES of Virginia.. the House do recede ana concur in the amendment. Mr. HINSHAW with Mr. LEVER. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Washington moves that Mr. KE~""NEDY with Mr. McDERMOTT. the House recede from its disagreement tothe Senate amendment Mr. LA.WRENCE with Mr. R OBERTSON of Louisiana. and ~oncur in the same. Mr. LoNGWORTH with Mr. PATIERSO~ of North Carolina. Mr. HULL. I yield three minutes to the gentleman from Mr. LoVERING with Ml·. Sc.A..RBOROUGH Washington [Mr. JoNES]. Mr. MILLER with Mr. PATTERSON of Tennessee. Mr. JONES of Washington. Mr. Speaker, this matter I ex Mr. MUDD with .Mr. SHOBER. Jllained to the House the other day. The appropriation calla for Mr. .PEARRE with Mr. SouTHALL. an amount which was estimated for by the War Department as .Mr. ROBERTS with Mr. ST.lli"'LEY, the cost of this bridge, and will no doubt cover the full cost of it. Mr. MINoR with Mr. RANSDELL of Louisiana. It will be a. saving to the Government, because it will shorten the Mr. SmowAY with Mr. WEBB. road between Spokane and the military post almost one-half of Mr. VREELAND with Mr. WILEY of Alabama. what it is now. The road is now very winding and hilly, a rather Mr. W..E.IruS with Mr. WILSON of New York. dangerous road because of tlw numerous railroad crossings and Mr. W .A.RNER with Mr. WILLI.A:MS of Illinois. bridges along it, and they are in a. deplorable condition, liable to Mr. WILSON of illinois with 1\I.r. BuTLER of Missouri. fall down at almost any time, and there may be a. great deal of On this \ote: delay and expense caused by this. The military-post site is one Mr. ADAMS of Pennsylvania. with Mr. HARRISON. of the best and most suitable for the purposes in the United Mr. LACEY with Mr. FLOOD. States. Mr. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, I would like to :have my vote re The city itself has deeded to the Government 1,022 acres of corded. land which is now estimated to be of the value of from $250,000 The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. ALLEN). Was the gentleman to $500,000. They have also given to the United States a. free -present and listening when his name should have been called? water right for ninety-nine years, which, on the basis of the sale Mr. FLOOD. I was listening a. part of the time. I do not of wate1· to private individuals, is worth $5,000 a year. That know whether I was when my name was called. rignt alone is worth nearly $500,000. The Government there has The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman does not bring expended a little over $342,000, just about one-half of what the .himself within the rule. people of that city have given to the Government. The Govern Mr. RICHARDSON of.Alabama. Iwouldliketoinquireif the ment officials recommended that the city pay half of the expense gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. LOUDENSLAGER] has voted? of this bridge, but under the conditions and circumstances which The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman has not voted. 1 have just set out~ do not think they ought to have to do it. 4440 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. APRIL 7, I do not believe I will take the further time of the House in any now by Congress would cut off all application of coastwise laws further explanation, and, Mr. Speaker, I withdraw my motion to on the 1st day of July. Very many others, and they have very recede and concur, hoping that the chairman will feel justified in strong support for the proposition, believe that on the 1st day of accepting this amendment. July next the coastwise laws of the United States will exclude Mr. HULL. Mr. Speaker, the motion to recede and concur from this trade all ships of the world except those carrying the having been withdrawn, I ask for a vote on my motion to insist. American register. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the remainder of my The question was taken, and the motion was agreed to. time. ' Mr. HULL. Mr. Speaker, the Senate has asked for a further Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Mr. Speaker, before proceed- conference, and I move that the House agree to the request of the ing further I want to ask unanimous consent to insert in the REa Senate for a further conference on the bill. ORD as the forefront of my own remarks the bill which is the The SPE.Al\.ER. The gentleman from Iowa moves that the subject of. this rule, and the report of the minority, so that the House agree to the request of the Senate for a further conference. country may understand the nature and effect of the legislation The question was taken, and the motion was agreed to. sought to be put through in this unusual way. The SPEAKER appointed the following conferees: Mr. HULL, The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Mississippi Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota, and Mr. HAY. [Mr. WILLIAMs] asks unanimous consent to extend his remarks 1Yfr. GROSVENOR. Mr. Speaker, I offer the following priv- in the RECORD as stated. Is there objection? The Chair hears ileged report. none. The SPEAKER. ThegentlemanfromOhioofferstheprivileged Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Here is the bill (S. 225!>): report which the Cle'rk will report. An act (S. 2259) to regulate shipping in trade between ports of the United The Clerk read as follows: States !l'nd ports. !?r p_la.ces in ~he Philippine Archipelago, between ports or places m the Philippme Archipelago, and for other purposes. The Committee on Rnles, to whom was referred the House resolution No. B e it enacted, etc., That on and after .Jnly 1, 1909, no merchandise except 281, have had the sa.me under consideration, and beg leave to report the fol- supplies for the Army or Navy shall be transported by sea, under penalty of lowing in lieu thereof: · forfeiture thereof, between IJOrts of the United States and ports or plac~s in _ "Resolved, That immediately upon the adoption hereof it shall be in order the Philipp:.Ue Archipelago, directly or via. a foreign_port, or for any part of to proceed to the consideration of the bill (S. 2"259) entitled 'An act to regu the voyage, in any other vessel than a vessel.,pf the United States. But this late shipping in trade between ports of the United States and ports or places section shall not ba construed to prohibit 1nle sailing of any foreign vessel in the Philippine Archipelago, between ports or places in the Philippine between any port of the United States nnd any port or place in the Philip Archipelago, and for other purposes;'" and after two hours of debate the pine Archipelago: Provided, That no merchandise other than that imported previous question shall be considered as ordered upon the bill and pending m such vessel from some foreign port which has been specified on the man amendments to its passage, without intervening motion or appeal: Provided, ifest as for another port. and which shall not have been unloaded~ha\1 be That amendments as to the date when said act shall take effect, changing the carried between a port of the United States and a port or place in ~Philip •year therein mentioned, may be offered and considered as pending at the pine Ar~hipelago. time the previous question becomes effective .. SEC. 2. That on and after July 1, 1009, no foreign ve :osel shall transport passengers between ports of the United States and ports or places in the Mr. GROSVENOR. Mr. Speaker, I ask for the previous ques Philippine Archipelago, either dh·ectly or by way of a. foreign port, under a tion on agreeing to the report of the committee. penalty of~ for each passenger so transported and landed. Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Mr. Speaker, what is the time SEC. 3. That sections1and 2of this act shall not apply to the transportation of merchandise or passengers between ports or places in the Philippine Ar for discussion on each side? chipelago. Until Congress shall have authorized the registry as vessels of The SPEAKER. After -the previous question is ordered, the United States of vessels owned in the Philippine Archipelago the govern twenty minutes on a side. ment of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized to adoptl from time to time, and enforce regulations governing the transportation or merchandise Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Does not the gentleman from and passengers between ports or places in the Philippine Archipelago. Ohio think it would be better to have the twenty minutes' discus SEc. 4. 'rhat sections 1 and 2 of this act shall not apply to the voyage of a sion now? vessel between a port of the United States and a port or place in the Phil ippine Archlpelago begun before July 1, 1909. Mr. GROSVENOR. No; I think it would be better to take the SEc. 5. That sections 1 and 2 of this act shall not apply to vessels owned by regular course. the United States. The question on ordering the previous question was taken; and SEc. 6. That on and after the J?assage of this act the same tonna.~e taxes shall be levied, collected.. and -paid upon all foreign ve els coming mto the on a division (demanded by Mr. GROSVENOR) there were-ayes 93, United States from the :Philippine Archipelago which are required by law noes 69. to be levied, collected, and pa1d upon vessels coming into the United States So the previous question was ordered. from foreign countries: .Provided, howeve1·, That until July 1,1909, the provi sioru of law restricting to vessels of the United States the transportation of Mr. GROSVENOR. Mr. Speaker, this is a rule to bring before passengers and merchandise directly or indirectly from one port of the the House Senate bill2259, an act"" to regulate shipping in the United States to another port of the United States shall not be applicable to trade between ports of the United States and ports or places in foreign vessels engaging m trade between the Philipp!ne Archipelago and the United States: And provided further·, That the Philippine Commission the Philippine Archipelago. Under the existing navigation laws shall be authorized and empowered to issue licenses to engage in lighterage of the United States no foreign ship is allowed to h-ade between or other exclusively harbor busineM to vessels or other craft actually en gaged in such business at the date of the passage of th!s act. and to vessels Ol' two p:3rts of the United States. That is the law which has stood other craft built in the Philippine IslandS or in the United States and owned upon the statute books of the United States through all the Ad by citizens of the United States or by inhabitants of the Philippine Islands. ministrations from 1789 until now. When the Philippine Islands SEc. 7. That this act shall not be construed to imp:~.h· or affect any privi lege guarante d to Spanish ships and merchandise by the treaty of peace be were acquired by the United States, and pending litigation grow tween the United States and Spain signed at the city of Paris on December ing out of whether or not the Constitution of its own force was 10. 1 '98, and ratified Aprilll, 1899. extended to these islands, a law of Congress was passed, reported SEc. 8. That the Secretary of Commerce and Labor shall, from time to the House from the Ways and Means Committee, in which timet i'"sue regulations for the enforcement of thls act, except as otherwise to proVIded in section 3: Provided, That such of the navigat!On laws of the certain language somewhat ambiguous was used. The language United States as are in force in the Philippine Archipelago in regard to ves is found in the majority report on this bill: "That until July 1, sels arriving in the Philippine Islands from the mainland territory and other insular possessions of the United States shall continue to be administered by 1904, the provisions of hw restricting the vessels of the United the proper officials of the government of the Philippine Islan&. States in the transportation of passengers, etc., shall not be in force in the Philippine Islands.'' Here is the report of the minority, with further special supple We are now rapidly approaching the end of th!)t period, and on mentary views submitted by .Mr. LuCKING, of Michigan, and the the 4th of July next, according to the opinion of many lawyers of appendix supporting the views of the minority: We, the minority of the Committee on the Merchant Marine and Fisheries, the country, the time would come when the coastwise laws would are compelled to dissent from the favorable report made by the majority go into effect and exclude f.com the traffic all foreign vessels. · It upon S. 2259. . is not deemed desirable by the majority of the committee that The majority adopt the Senate report upon this bill, which states that the object of the bill is contained in section 3, which exempts the interisland t1J_ere should be an exclusive right to this traffic in American traffic from the application of the United States coastwise laws. This is a ships at this time; and so the bill provides that on the 1st day of most misleading statement. If it were true.~ the bill would have confined its July, 1905, the coastwise laws of the United States shall go into provisions to this exemption, and it wonla then have passed both Houses effect upon trade between the United States and the Philippine unanimously. The main argument in this report is therefore ba£ed upon the need of doing Islands. what everybody is willing to a~ree to. Its chief purpose or effect is to cloud Then there is another question, which I will not go into now, the real object of the bill. This object is to extend the American coastwise which relates to the law in regard to what is called "the inter laws to the traffic in both directions between the Philippine Islands and the United States, thereby giving to American vessels absolute control of this island trade." The interisland trade in the Philippine Islands is business regardless of rates or consequences. carried on in an entirely different class of vessels from those that The notes on the bill by the Dapartment of Commerce and Labor, pub lished in the majority report, o_pen with a warning because of their remote ply between the United States and the Philippine Islands. The ness against creating the Phihpj>ines a great coa.sting district, as was done provision in this bill is to provide that the regulation of that with Alaska, Hawaii, and Porto Rico. Their most definite statement shows traffic-interisland, as it is called-shall be vested in the author that the second section of the bill, requiring all passengers to and from the Philippines to go in American vessels, wonld involve great ha.rds~p and in ity of the Philippine government, while the coastwise-trade laws convenience in its enforcement and would prevent pas3engers gomg at all of the United States shall go into effect on the 1st of July, 1905. by the Suez route, because there are · ~ no American steamers except army The question is on bringing this bill before the House. It will transports." This same lack of American steamers via the Suez route makes appear to any gentleman who will take the trouble to look into it as impossible for freight as for passengers to take this route, and unless American steamers are to be put on via Suez.,. of which we have no gn.3ran ty, it that there is a variety of opinion as to what the law is to-day. wonld absolutely destroy sea transportation oetween the Philippines and .At Very many believe that the passage of no bill, no interference lantic ports. 1904. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. 4441 These notes carry an implied doubt as to the whole bill, implied indorse Philippine trade there is no possibility of competition, and in this bill t!lere ment of the portion of the bill relating to freight traffic, and strong direct is no stipulation as to resti·iction or control of any character. criticism of the portion relating to passenger traffic. THE BILL LOOSELY DRAWN. The closing paragraph of the major~ty report expresses a palf-hearted b.e lief that by July 1, 1905, wh~dhe billlS to take effect, American ve~els ~ The looseness of the bill as reported is shown by the fact that no speci&l be able to conduct this busmess, and then thl·ows cold water on this belief provision was made in it for medical service. Further, its first section pro by adding that if extortion should be practiced, or if there should not be a vides that merchandise between the United States and the Philippines shall sufficient supply of transportation, it will be an: ea~y matt!3r to exten.d ~e not be carried in any vessel other than a United States vessel" directly or via provisions of the bill to some future 4ate. If this. b1ll surVIves ~e maJority a foreign port, or for any part of the voyage." Does this mean that Philip report it will be because the House will not take trme to study e1ther. pine products shipped by a foreign vessel to a foreign country can not there after be brought to the United States, and that United States products which . Oll'FICIA.LS IN OPPOSITION. - may go by a foreign vessel to foreign countries can not thereafter be !C'hipped The last annual report of the civil governor of the Philippine Islands, Gov to the Philippines? If so, this is the last nail in the coffin of any possible com ernor Taft, stoutly urged the injus!Jce to the Philippines. of this propo~ed petition in trade either way between the Philippines and the United States. legislation and recommended that It should not go mto effect "for a period Section 2 places a similar restriction upon passenger transportation, making of at least 'five years from July 1, 1904." The Philippine Commission and the it debatable as to whether a passenger to or from the Philippines can go or collector of customs for the Philippine Islands took similar ground in their come by a forei "'n port upon a foreign vessel. The language in these two sec reports. tions should at feast be chan~ed so as to make it apply to passengers or mer We append hereto quotations from these recommendations and other offi chandise in continuous transit. cial statements which may be hereinafter referred to. The repeated declarations on behalf of this Government in guarantee of CHARACTER OF THE TRADE. the open-door policy in the Philippines are in direct opposition to this legis Last year the trade from the Philippines to the United S.tates amounted lation, and are well in the mind of Congress. to about $13,000,000; the trade from the United States to the Philippines to The late Secretary of War, Hon. Elihu Root, in a letter on the subject, $4,000,0C{). The imports came mainly to Atlantic ports; the exports went published as Senate Document No. 94, inveighed earnestly against similar mainly from Pacific ports. The trade this way consists nearly altogether of legislation applicable to the transportation of Government supplies, and ex hemp, which is a very bulky cargo. The trade the other way consists mainly pressed the opinion that the cost of freight would thereby be increased from of manufactured articles, which form a very compact cargo. It would take at 100 t:> liOO per cent. In a subsequent letter the same high authority said in least three t imes tlie tonnage to bring the imports that would be necessary effect that an increase in freight rates of 50 or even 100 per cent would be to carry the exp~rts. The trade in this direction is too small to emp'!oy reg preferable to the legislation proposed. It is evident that the increase in ular lines; the trade in the other direction will not begin to furnisilreturn freight for private partie3 would at least equal the increase m Government car gees for even the few vessels that come this way.. The trade both ways freight. amounts to so little that competition for it iS out of the question, and combi HEARING BEFORE SECRETARY TA.li'T. nation under whieh a few ships will be set apart for it is the only possible result. And the trade can not be increas3d by the stifling process. The advocates of the proposed legislation were given an extended hearing The trade is now conducted at very close rates by foreign tramp steamers. by the Secretary of War, Hon. William H. Taft, which is published as Senate The Philippines are but one port in a chain of ports around the world. It is Document No. 182. In that he!l.ring they utterly failed to make out their therefore utterly impossible for American vessels or for regular liners of any case, and Secretary Taft by numerous questions and direct assertions showed that he believed the passage o'l' this bill would be ruinous to the Philippines. nationality to compete with tramps in a trade of the character or volume in We quote the Secretary briefly to illustrate his view: volved. In consequence American vessels have heretofore made no effort "'l'he ratio now between the different eountries for the import trade is whn.tever to get mto this trade. ·They will make no effort to get into it unless they can substitute combination for competition in conductin~ it. tfi,OOO,OOO for England and ~.ooo,om for the United States. ~~sure if this As to available vessels to do the business, the advocates of the .bill have law went into effect that might be reduced to one or two nnllions. (S. Doc. positively claimed that they have them. They have even claimed that they 182, p. 24.) have available four times the tonnage necessary. If this be true, we fail to "Will it not necessarily destroy all business from the United States into see how the merchant marine will be materially benefited by the passage of the Philippine Islands? (Ibid. p. 12.) the bill. "I confess it may be. I don't understand the ordinary motives that govern men and merchants, but why, if you increa.se the cost of takfug goods from The opponents of the bill have contended with equal positiveness that the United States to the Philippine Islands (meaning an increase to the extent there are not enough available American vessels to do the business in a way involved in the bill), it won't destroy the Import business from the United tlillt will be satisfactory to the trade or at rates at which the trade can live. The hea.rin~ before the House committee elaborate both. sides of this q_ues States to the Philippines, and why it will not transfer it necessarily to Eng tion. The weight of evidence is stronger that there are enough Amencan land and Germany, where the competition is very great as it is, I do not vessels to do the business in some fashion, but· that there are not sufficient understand. (Ibid. p. 13.) vessels to insure sailings of anything like the b·equency or the rates that have "If there was a difference produced by the application of the coastwise obtained in the past. · trading laws to the Philippine Islands, a difference in favor of the foreign trade with those islands a-s distinguished from United States trade in those A. BA.CKWA.RD AND FORWA.RD GLANCE. islands, would it not necessarily follow that the trade would be thrown into This le~islation has been prematurely precipitated by a paragraph in sec the foreign countries? (Ibid., p. 23. )" tion 3 of tne Philippine tariff act of March 8, 1\:102, which was inserted by the At this same hearing, Mr. Brewster Cameron, who represents the American Senate in conference and adopted by the Honse without debate and witllout interests in the Philippine Islands, stated, pa~e 16: knowledge on the part of the House of what it meant. This paragraph was "If this bill passes and this additional price is put on American goods, it based ·on the assumption or the presumption tllat under the Porto Rican de will mean the absolute destruction of the comm.ercial interests of the United cision by the Supreme Court in the Huns case the coastwise laws would auto States with the Philippine Islands.'' mu.tically extend to the Philippine:", and it therefore specified that these laws CONSUMERS THE CHIEF SUFFERERS. should not so extend "until July 1, 190~," leaving the inference that they Let it not be forgotten that the chief sufferers next to the Filipinos will be should so extend after this date. The proposed lagisla~on is designed to the American consumers of Philippine products. During the campaign fol make this ne~ativeinference a positive faot, with the time extended, after a lowing the acquisition of the Philippine Islands promises were made to the hard cont-est m the Senate, to July 1, 19J5. farmers from manv stumps that one of the beneficent results to them would The ideal solution of the difficulty would be to repeal this uncons:dered be chear>er binder twine. Since then, owing to the increase of price in raw paragraph inserted in conference by the Senate and leave to the discretion material under our management of the Philippine Islands, the price of binder of Congress the application of the coast wise laws to the Philippines, if such twine has doubled, and if this bill passes it will further increase in proportion application should ever be deemed wise. If in the judgment of this House to the increase in freight charges. such act ion is too indefinite, then we submit that postponement should be The first 8mbarrassment of increased prices in the United States will fall provided. as recommended by the Philippine Commiss10n, until July 1,1909, upon the .American manufacturers of Philippine products-chiefly hemp so as to allow time for further reduction of the Philippine tariff, further in but they will be more than human if they do not pass the burden along to the cr ease in the volume of trade between the Philippines and the United States, consumers. In a less degree, though in proportion to his dealings with tile and fm·ther growth of the merchant marine, to the end that American ves Philippines, the American manufacturer who sends his wares to the Philip sels may be able to do the business at reasonable rates and with reasonable pines will suffer. And so with contractors for public works and otller im satisfact:on to the trade. provements in the Philippines and with all others concerned in Philippine The majority insist that the Philippines are ours and that they are pur American enterprises. suing a policy of benevolent assimilation; that their party desires to improve thei.J.· cocdition by promoting agricull!nre, by educating their children, in HA. W Ali AND PORTO RICO AS EXAMPLES. creasing'their trade, andadvancingtheirprosperity. It will perhaps be con The ext~nsion of the coastwise laws to the Hawaiian Islands has been at ceded that this bill is professedly not in the int-erest of the Philippines or tended with much inconvenience and great increase in freight rates. Anum their trade, but in the interest of the shipowners. It will confine this trade ber of protests have on this account come to the War Department from to American vessels; that is, such trade as shall be left and not diverted to Hawaiian interests. William 0. Smith, representing Hawaiian sugar inter London and other foreign ports. . ests, in a letter to the Secretary of War, read at the hearing before the Why not, then, make it to the interest of the Philippines to trade with us? Secretary and published on page H of that hearing (S. Doc. 182), emphasizes Why not remove the tariff barrier and make free the interchange of prod the difficulties already experienced by Hawaiian interests, shows that if this ucts? The inconsistency is apparent ; the insincerity of the professions of the bill should pass a number of the vessels now in the Hawaiian trade would be Republican party is la1d bare. It demonstrates their desire and oulv pur l'&moved to the Philippine trade, and expresses this emphatic conclusion: poe to retain these islands for exploitationandplunder-totakealland yield "It is safe to say that for the next few years theannua.lloss would be from nothing. No matter how earnestly anxious anyone may be to aid our mer one million to one million five hundred thousand dollars or more." chant marine, this bill involves too grave a sacrifice of common fairness and The Porto Ricans, to whom the coastwise laws have been extended, have justice. recently memorialized Congress in opposition to the embargo thereby placed THO. SPIGHT. upon their trade. They say that these laws restricting them to American JNO. H. SMALL. vessels entail great inconvenience, annoyance, and loss; that there are only ROBT. W. DAVIS. two lines of steamers in the trade; that they are not prepared to meet the ALLAN L. McDERMOTT. requirements of the trade; that they have a monopoly and therefore un J. A. GOULDEN. reasonably high rates; that all efforts to overthrow the monopoly have AL.FRED LUCKING. proved b·uitless, and that the lack of medical assistance on their vessels, such assistance not being required under the coastwise laws, endangers the lives of passengers. Mr. LUCKING, of the minority of the committee, concurring in the fore- If Porto Rico, so near to our shores and enjoying free trade with the United going, desires to add the following: · States, fares so badly as this, what will become of the Filipinos, 10,000 miles NO LEGISLATION AT ALL IS NECESSARY AT THIS TIME-AS A MAT:rll:R 01!' away and subjected to a tariff of 75 per cent of the Dingley rates? LAW, COASTWISE ACT DOES NOT BECOME EFFECTIVE JULY 1, 19M. The Philippines are in another class even from Porto Rico and Hawaii in Friends of this bill urge its passage on the ground that some legislation is their relation to the proposed legislation. Their very distance makes it ab necessary else the coastwise laws will become applicable to the Philipuine surd to embra ce them in the coastwise trade. Vessels going to them via Suez trade (transoceanic and interisland) on July l, 1904. ~ have to coal at foreign ports, and this fact alone removes them from a fair It is admitted that this would be a. calamity, and so it is sought to coerce application of the coastwise laws. Their situation prevents any check what Members into passing this law which does affirmatively enact the obnoxious ever upon the monopoly granted in the extension of the coastwise laws to legislation, although none has heretofore passed. them. In the coastwiSe laws as ordinarily applied there is competition with It has been asserted and assumed that on July 1, 1904, the coa-stwise laws the railroads which acts as some check upon 'the steamships, and the railroads would go into effect, and it has passed current around the Capitol, but I have are subject to control thl·ough the Interstate Commerce Commission. In this been unable to find the responsible a~ thor of any such opinion and a ca1·etul 4442 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. APRIL 7, ~ination of ffte question has- payment of exorbitant prices for shipments from New York to Manila would Ifl ~ter four years' trial, and with the Hawaiian freight rates by sail be be sending the freight by rail to the Pacific coast and thence by ship to Manila. ing nigher than from other foreign ports, as shown in the accompanying Your committee will observe, by examining the Quartermaster-General's corres;{>ondence, available American ships are so greatly inadequate for the report of January 13, that the average cost of transporting all classes of Bawauan trade, it is manifest that sufficient time should be given before ex freight from New York to Manila during the calendar year 1903 has been tending these laws to the Philippines or a great loss and hardship will result. $11.91 per ton of 2,000 pounds, while the average cost of transporting all classes The 100,000 tons of cargo to be shipped by rail under present conditions of fre1ght by rail from New York to San Francisco has been $28.70 per ton of will entail an additional cost of one-half a million dollars to Hawaii, and 2,CXX> pounds; that is to say, it now costs two and one-half times as much to should the laws be extended to the Philippines it is safe to say that for the get freight from New York to the Pacific coast as it now costs to get it from next few years the annual loss will be from one million to one million five New York to Manila. Under these cii·cumstances, if we were confined abso hundred thousand dollars or more. lutely to American bottoms for this business we would have noway of esca~ Thanking you for giving me the opportunity to submit these considera ing from the payment of at least three times as much as we now pay for this tions to your attention, I have the honor to be, class of transportation. Your obedient servant, I think the same result can be accomplished and this danger avoided by WILLIA.M 0. SMITH. changing the form of the bill so that it will authorize a preference to Ameri The SECRETARY OF WAR. can shipping, providing the charge made does not exceed the prices bid by the owners of foreign vessels more than a specific .percentage. PROTEST li'ROM PORTO RICO. .A bill providing for such a preference in respect of shipments on the The Ponce branch of the Porto Rico Chamber of Commerce, in the course Pacific was introduced in the House in the first session of the Fifty-seventh of a memorial to Congress, says: Congress (H. R. 14441). It was favorably reported by the House Committee "By the declaration of free trade Letween Porto Rico and the United States on Military Affairs (Report No. 2~48). It had the warm approval of this De there is no doubt that great advantages were derived~ but at the same time partment, but was defeated on the fioor of the Honse upon the avowed ground it is unquestionable that some drawbacks also followea. One of the latter is that it would amount to a kind of a ship subsidy. (See CONGRESSIONAL that in order to enjoy tha full benefits of the measure the _products of the RECORD, vol. 35, pt. 7, pp. 6887-6891.) island must be shipped in American bottoms, which condition entails at For greater convenience, I take the liberty of inclosing a copy of that bill times great inconvenience and annoyance, and in many cases considerable as indicating the form of the provision which, it seems to me, would best ac loss. At the present time, for instance, there are only two lines of steamers complish the desired object of doing the Government business in sn~h a way under the American ftag carrying on the freight and passenger traffic be as to promote American shipping. I should be in favor of increasing the tween Porto Rico and the United States, and said lines, in addition to not preference to, say, 25 or 30 per cent. being properly equipJ>ed with a sufficient number of boats to meet there Very respectfully, ELIHU RoOT, Secretary of War. quirements of the trade during the crop season, virtually exercise a monop Hon. Wa..LIAM P. FRYE, oly, and conseguently their rates of freight are unreasonably high. Chairman Committee on Comme1·ce, United States Senate. "This condition of things handicaps the exporter, not only by the lack of Secretary Root's second letter to Senator Frye: adeq_uate ILeans of tran~ortation and excessive rates, but by being put to "I am sorry )'ou were dissatisfied with my letter about the bill limiting the conSiderable expense in the handling of his goods at New York./ such as lishtr transportation of Government stores to American vessels. I very much de era"'e, wharfag-e, etc., because the said lines only receive and aeliver frmght sire that business should be done by American vessels, and I have been for at llieir own docks. The lines referred to have such an absolute control of several years trying in various ways to get from Congress authority to prefer the carrying trade of this island to the United States that all efforts to over our own ships to foreign ships. It has seemed to me that the sim;~>lest and throw their monopoly have proved fruitless, for no sooner has any attempt best way was to give our ships a preference. Two years a~o I tried to get been made to employ outside bottoms for this trade at reasonable rates than authority to _give them a preference of 10 per cent, and the bill was beaten in they cut theirs to such a ridiculously low figure as to shut out all competition. the House. I said in my letter to you that I would be in favor of increasing and after attaining their purpose resume the old rates. · the percentage to 25 or 30 per cent. I would be perfectly willing to see yon "As regards the passenger traffic it may be mentioned that, owing to their go further than that and extend the limit of the preference to 50 or even 100 trade being considered as coastwise, these steamers are not compelled to per cent if necessary, but I do not think that there ought to be an absolute carry, under the law, a medical officer, and the lack of medical assistance, at prohibition imposed upon the officers of the Government when it is not im a given moment, might seriously endanger the lives of those who have to posed upon any of the rest of the business community. travel by them on a voyage of the no mean distance of 1,400 miles." "I have no objection to the business of the Government being subjected, REPORTS OF THE BUREAU OF EQUIPMENT. in common with the business of the citizens of the United States generally, to the ope.ration of a general policy such as embodied in the navigation laws The following quotations show some of the difficulties experienced in get regarding our coastwise trade. Such laws, wisely I think, make all Ameri ting convenient service at reasonable rates in the regular coastwise trade. can business tributary to American shipping, and the result is, naturally and From report of 1898, page 270: necessarily, to induce an adequate supply of shipping to do the bUhiDess. "The Department was still in desperate straits for transJ>ortation of coal, But a statute which limits Government freightage alone, separate and a_part and the only alternative was to purchase steamers, arm, and man them with from the business of the community at large, to American shipping, under a the naval forces. There were but few vessels in this country suitable for the hard .and fast rule which prohibits to the managers of the Government busi transportation of coal and available for immediate use. When these were ness the same facilities and opportunities which are afforded to the rest of found, their owners knew well the necessities of the Government and gen the community, will not be adequate to attract American ships and lead erally demanded exorbitant prices." them to engage in the business of which the Government freight forms a From page 41 of the report of 1901: small part. TherE! is not enough Government business to justify any such "At P!'esent, owing to the scarcity of American freight vessels, the best expectations. The result of such a special provision would therefore natu screened admiralty Cardiff coal can be laiQ. down at Mare Island, duty paid, rally be either that the Government must pay whatever the casual Ameri for considerably less than American coal mined on the Atlantic coast, although can vessel chooses to ask or must operate its own transports on the Atlantic the latter at tide water costs abouthalfasmuch as the former. With the ex at great loss, or must ship all of its stores by way of the Pacific, imposing ception of an occasional steamer which is built on the Atlantic coast for use upon the material going from the Atlantic coast the very heavy railway on the Pacific, no steam coal freight from the Atlantic to the Pacific is offered charges across the continent. The result of such provisions, tying the hands to the Bureau." of the Government offioors, is not merely to cause greater expense in Sl>ecific From thE\. report of 1902, page 50: . cases, but it is to dishearten the officers and lead them to feel that it IS use "The freight on coal from the Atlantic coast to the Pacific ports re1nains less to try to conduct business economically. at a high figm·e. Cardiff coal Ctl.n be purchased at San Francisco duty paid "While I think that the best way to accomplish what the American ship at conside~ably less than coal can be shipJ>ed from the Atlantic 'coast. But owners and shipbuilders desire, and what I desire equally with them and few Amencan vessels are offered for coal freight." with you, is to authorize the preference, stated in terms of a percentage, I Admiral Conv~rse, Chief of the Bureau of Equipment, in testifying before do not mean to say that this is the only way. I think yon could accomplish the Naval Committee of the House, January 12, 1904: (p. 229 of hearings before substantially the same thing by the present bill by adding at the end of sec- that committee)1 said: tion 2 a clause something like the following: · "Cardiff coallS stored on the Pacific coast. The freight rates have been "'That any head of a Department may suspend the operation of section 1 so high; that w~ have not been able to send coal from the Atlantic coast." in regard to any particular contract for the transportation of such articles Again he said (p. :m. of the same hearin~): whenever, after due public advertisement, no bids for the transportation of "The Bureau recently wished to replelllSh the supply of coal at Honolulu. the article3 specified therein, in a vessel of the United States, shall have been But one offer was received from an American vessel, and the freight to Hono 1·eceived at rates which shall be deemed to be reasonable, in view of the lulu was $8 per ton. From Lamberts Point, about the same time, the Bureau policy of the Government to promote the employment of vessels of the United chartered an English ves=el.to can·y out coal to Yokohama from the Eame States for public purposes.' port for $5.13 per ton, and bought Cardiff coal to be laid down at Honolulu "Section 2, as it now stands, apparently contemplates the general SUSJ>en for $7,95 per ton." sion of section 1 under circumstances of special exigency such as to justify He further said (p. 234): appeal to the President for the protection of the interests of the Government. "While I much prefer to see American coal carried in American ships I do I should think it would hardly justif:y goins to the President in matters of not believe that the American shi:ps available are sufficient to meet the de detail, such as are constantly arising m letting contracts for transportation mands of the Navy Department. I do not think the Navy Department should of comparatively small quantities of stores." . be the one to _pay all the subsidy for building up the American merchant THE HA. WAilAN VIEWPOINT. mariiie, and I do not think the Bureau of Equipment should have to increase its estilnate~ for coa~ traD..SJ?ortatio~ beyond ~ ~-easonable amount simply to WASHINGTON, D. C., FebruanJ 19, 1904. carry coal m American ships. It 18 my oprmon, therefore as previously Srn: Referring to our recent conversation relative to the bills now before stated, that there should be a means provided for carrying Ainerican coal in Congress to extend the United States coastwise laws, I would state, on be a~~:y vessel, giving preference to American J;>ottomswheneverthey can be ob half of the commercial interests of Hawaii: tamed at a reasonable advance over the pnce offered by foreign ships said Should these laws be so extended it will have a very injurious effect upon advance to be limited by a certain percentage." ' the commercial interests of the Territory of Hawaii. These laws were extended to Hawaii in 1900, and in spite of all the efforts REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF NAVIGATION. which have been put forth to obtain suitableAmericanshipstocarrycargoes The out about how much that increase would be1 but nothing definite of the committee is to be adhered to. He may have forgotten could be a certained. The shipowners themselves could not be that understanding, but it was deliberate, and was had in the induced to bind themselves down within any figure. I desire to 12re ence of everybody who was there on that d&y. say this, and then I am going to close, because I do not want to Now we desire to offer an amendment to cure what is claimed dic;cuss the merits of the question generally. to be the principal reason for this bill and to cure that alone, I just want the country to understand the nature of this propo namely. to say that the coastwise laws shall not apply until Con sition, a proposition to exploit the producers in the Philippine gress shall otherwise decide. I desire to offer also the anti Islands and to exploit the commerce from the Philippine ports Chinese-labor amendment, and it does seem to me that the chair our way and the commerce·from us- toward them, by making man of the committee, who did not consult any of the minority freight rates 30 or 40 per cent higher than they are now for an members about this rule before it was submitted to the Commit indefinite, period, the exact period being something not to be fixed tee on Rules this morning, when his attention is called to the fact by me or by anybody else, as near as I can understand. I de ire that there was this understanding in our committee will agree to warn the shipowners and the shipowning industry of this that this t·ule shou1d be modified. country, the most highly protected industry in the country, en Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. I yield two minutes to the joying a monopoly of all the trade on the Great Lakes and the gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. .SMALL]. rivers and alonoo the coasts of the United States, that they may Mr. SMALL. Mr. Speaker, in addition to the reasons which perhaps have occasion at some time to regret that they have been ·have been given against the adoption of this rule by the gentle quite as greedy as they are now. If they keep catching at every man from Michigan [Mr. Lucxnm], who stated that an agree shadow that appears as they cross the stream, they may finally ment had been entered into by which ample time for debateshou1d lose the meat that they are now carrying in their mouths;. I pro be given upon the bill which we are to take under consideration, test, Mr. Speaker, against the drastic nature of this rule. I desire also to call the attention otthe Members of the House to I . 1904.· CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 4445 the conditiorur under which ·this rule was· brought before the being denied consideration, far more effectually than they would House for consideration. be if they were voted on directly. I doubt whether there was a single member of the committee: Vote down the rule and let the measure be considered on its outside of the ch~ who also happens to be a member of the merits. Confine the debate strictly to it, if you please; do not Committee on Rules, who had notice prior to this morning that waste time, if yon choose not to do so, in the discussion of outside the Committee on Rules would be asked at this particular time matters, but giT'e this important measure, this measure of far to consider such a resolution or that they would be asked so pre reaching importance to the American consumer, the American cipitately to bring it before the House and ask the House to adopt it. seaman, the Filipino producer, to the .people of both countries, I am quite sure that no minority member of the committee had fair consideration, and give the 'House a fair opportunity to offer any such notice; and I think it may be stated with equal emphasis and to consider amendments. [Applause.] that no majority member of the committee had notice of any such Mr. GOULDEN. Mr. Speaker, I desire to corroborate what sudden action on the part of the chairman or on the part of the has bem said by my colleague on the committee the gentleman Committee on Rules. from Michigan [Mr. LucKING], as well as my colleague on the This is an. important question, involving the trade and com committee the gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. S'M.ALL], as merce between the United States and the Philippine Islands. It to the understanding we distinctly had with the chairman of the should be considered deliberately. It should be considered by Committee on the Merchant l\fal'ine and Fisheries. If the chair this House with ample opportunity for debate, so that not only man of the committee is desirous of adding evidence to further members of the committee, but Members of the House who are satisfy himself, he can do so by asking the majority members for interested in this really important question should have an oppor their views. tunity to discuss it. Under the rule as it is presented now only The SPEAKER pro tempore. Does the gentleman from Ohio one hour upon_ a side is given for tbis discussion. That is not [Mr. GROSVE...~OR] desire to be heard? sufficient time for even members of the committee to present Mr. GROSVENOR. Mr. Speaker, I call the attention of the their views; and there is absolutely no opportunity offered under House to certain dates and facts which will settle the attack made the terms of the rule for others than members of the committee by the gentleman -from Michigan [Mr. LucKING] upon me in re to discuss it. I think Members of the Honse should understand gard to any agreement that ever I made. There is not a member the situation, and for that reason, if not for others, should vote upon any committee of which I was ever a member who ever even against this resolution.. intimated before that in the remotest degree I varied from an Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. I yield the remainder of my agreement which I had made. time-five minutes-to the gentleman from Missouri [Mr .. DE Now, let me give the House the facts. The hearings upon this Alrno~]. bill began before the committee on the 26th dayof February last, Mr. DE ARMOND. Mr. Speaker,·! take it there is no contro: and they were carried along from time to time. A long series of versy about the matter of fact stated by the gentleman from Mich hearings had been had before the Senate committee, and we had igan [Mr. LUCKING] and the gentleman from North Cal'olina the benefit of them. Finally the Committee on the Merchant Ma [Mr. S:nALL], that there was a distinct agreement and tmderstand l'ine and Fisheries voted to report this bill favorably, and I filed ing in the committee, the chairman being present and being a my report immediately, on the 25th day of March. There was ~ party to the understanding, that there should be given ample time not one word said at the time about any time being given for for the disc1l.Ssion of this bill. In view of that fact, I think that speeches or amendments. The gentleman is perfectly honest in the chairman of that committee, the distinguished gentleman his recollection of it. Something wa.s said, but he has got the from Ohio [Mr. GROSVENOR], who is also a member of the Com wrong bill in his mind. I have consulted with three or four mem mittee on Rnles, will take pleasure in asking the House to enable bers of the committee around me who were present when this bill him to keep good faith with his colleagues by voting down this was reported, and they say that nothing of the kind took place; rule. but I did say that in regard to two of the bills, about which there Not to do so would be to put him in the position of making an was some doubt and hesitation, there should not only be ample agreement with his colleagues, and then, as a member of the time for discussi~n, but for amendment, and the gentleman from Committee on Rules, distinctly and deliberately violating it. I North Carolina [Mr. SMALL] took the bills until the next meeting take it that the gentleman from Ohio will not put himself in that and then said he was satisfied with them, and they were reported, position. and both of them have been passed. As to the merits of the matter, the rule permits one hour's dis Now, I will show the gentleman how easy it is to be mistaken. cussion upon each side. It must be evident to anyone who has After I had filed my report, which took place, as I said, on the dipped into the subject at all-anyone who has glanced at the bill 25th day of March, nearly twelve days ago, the gentleman from or at the repOit upon either side-that that time i& wholly insuf Mississippi fMr. SPIGHT], the ranking member of the Committee ficient; that the measure is an important, far-reaching measure; on the Merchant Marine and Fisheries, came to me and a.sked me .that there is no occasion for urgency conc~rning it; that if there when I was going to get this bill up. I told him I was going to be no legislation now no harm will come from the lack of it; that get it up as quickly as I could get a rule for it. I appealed to him by such legislation as is proposed-without the opportunity for to consent to its coming up; but finally I told him I should call it amendment, without the opportunity for understanding-very up as quickly as I could get a rule for it. Thereupon he said to great harm may come. me that he wanted a longer time to file his report. One week was Everybody knows that so far as the party in powerisconcerned the time he had asked for at the time the bill was reported. He and so far as the Government is concerned the Philippine Islands asked for one week, and I consented without a word of hesitation to are treated. as not being part of the United States. The tariff law that. Then he came to me and said to me last week that he must is made to apply to them as to foreign territory, with a little mod go down to Mississippi with some of his family. He explained to ification that the rates of duty shall be somewhat lesa, which me a very good reason why I thought he ought to go, and then he modification does not affect the principle. fu view of that, with asked me if I would postpone calling up this bill until he could legislation by the Cong1·ess recognized to-day by,the powers that get back, and I said to the gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. be as law, it must be absolutely true, going by the decisions and SPIGHT] I would not call it up until Wednesday. He then went going by the conduct of the Government, that these coastwise away entirely satisfied. He said to me he did not want to hurry laws do not apply and that this act will apply them. his report or file his report until he came back. The effect will be to create a monopoly in the few American On the 5th day of this month-the day before yesterday-that shipowners who may provide themselves with vessels for this gentleman, in compliance with his agreement had, and in good trade. The effect will be also to increase upon the American con faith with the arrangement that he and I had made, filed his re sumer the price of every article brought from the Philippine Is port, and to.-day I have called up the bill. And let me say that lands. The effect further will be to lessen to those who produce if the gentleman from Michigan had been mistaken, or if I had the articles in the Philippine Islands the reward of their labor and been mistaken, the subsequent arrangement had with the gentle take from them a part of the value of their products. man from Mississippi and myself got rid of the whole of that The gentleman who votes for this rule votes distinctly and posi question about the delay and amendment and everything else, tively for Chinese seamen upon the ships instead of American or and the new arrangement went into effect. Filipino seamen. He votes distinctly and directly for preventing Mr. LUCKING. May I ask the gentleman a question? consideration of an amendment which, if this shipping is to be I\fr. GROSVENOR Certainly. American exclusively, will give the American seamen or the Fili Mr. SPIGHT. I wan.t to say just one word. pino seamen, or both, a chance, and neither has any chance in Mr. GROSVENOR. In a moment I will yield to yon. competition with the Chinese seamen under this law. To vote for Mr. LUCKING. The chairman of the committee referred to this rule is to prevenJ; consideration of amendments distinctively the bills that did pass. Did not those two bills pass this House American, which not one out of five gentlemen upon either side the other day without question, unanimously? of this Honse could afford to vote against and go to his constitu Mr. GROSVENOR. I have-said so. ents for their approval. Mr. LUCKING. Well, is it true that I asked for debate. and In adopting this rule those amendments are voted against, in ample time for debate, on billB that nobody objected to at all? 4446 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. APRIL 7, Mr. GROSVENOR. I think yon would. Philippine Islands, and that, in order to avoid the application of the coast wise trading laws in this way, it is necessary that there be amending legis Mr. LUCKING. Well,thatmaybeasmartanswer. Isittrne lation. that I offered any amendment to those bills in the committee? The disaster which would follow the application of the coastwise laws to Did I offer the Chinese amendment that I referred to in this bill the interisland trade in the Philippine Islands I attempted to describe to you when under examination before the shipping comiD.lttee. The interislimd in the committee? tmde is the arterial circulation of the archipelago. The people of many of Mr. G~OSVENOR. I do not remember that. I think not. the islands are dependent for their food stuffs on the continua.nce of that Mr. LUCKING. Well, I will ask yon to consult the other gen trade as it is. If the coastwise trading laws applied to it, then nearly all the vessels now engaged in it would be excluded therefroxn, and the condition of tlemen of the majority he1·e who were present. I do not wish to the islands, if the law were enforced, would be pitiable. For that reason, I mention them by name; but will yon ask members of the majority think, the :passage of the present shipping bill, postponing the operation of of the committee, especially the gentleman from Michigan, what the coastW1Se laws to the transoceanic trade for one or two years, and com mitting- to the discretion of the Commission the re~ation of the interisland his recollection is about that? trade, lS very important in the interest of the PhilipJ?ine Islands. Mr. GROSVENOR. I do recollect that the gentleman made a I have the honor to inclose herewith a written opinion of Judge Magoon, motion to amend this bill, or said he wanted to make a motion of the law officer of the Department, on the question of the application of the c~stwise laws to the Philippine trade after the 1st of July. You will observe that character. It is enough to say that the amendment, if of that he does not state positively an opinion that such laws will apply to the fered would not have been germane to the bill, and could not be Philippine trade, but after an exaiillilll.tion of the statute and the optnion of offer~d here; and then I remember distinctly the statement was the Supreme Court he is strongly inclined to think that they will. Naturally should there be no legislation, the Department would be anxious to avoid the made to the gentleman that an amendment such as he proposed operation of the law by construction, but I very much doubt the possibility to this bill offered to any other bill would di'ive out of the ports of doing so and have grave fears that the court would reverse any other de of the Pacific slope every ship carrying the American flag. cision by the Department. I have no objection to your using this letter as you choose. Mr. LUCKING. That might be an argument to make against Very sincerely, yours, the amendment. WM. H. TAFT, Secreta1·y of War. Mr. GROSVENOR. It is a good argument not to be bothered Hon. C. H. GROSVENOR, · by the amendment. Now, if the gentleman from Mississippi House of Representatives. wants a little time. This, gentlemen, was day before yesterday. Mr. SPIGHT. The gentleman has stated accurately the agree Mr. BURKETT. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman allow me a ment between himself and me, and the only difference between question? us is that I understood when the bill was before the Committee The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman from Ohio yield? on Merchant ])farina and Fisheries that we were to have ample Mr. GROSVENOR. I yield for a question. time for discussion. The gentleman has stated our agreement Mr. BURKETT. I would like to ask the gentleman-he states correctly. that now by reason of the law that has been passed the coastwise Mr. GROSVENOR. Now, what I wish to get at is that this laws will not go into effect rlntil July1, 1904, but as I understand attack that is made upon me by the gentleman from Michigan from the letter of the Secretary of War he does not recommend has no foundation in the first place, and I have no doubt he ba this bill, but he says unless some similar legislation be passed lieves and possibly has the right to believe, that that was so; but these coastwise laws will go into effect on the 1st of July. it wa~ all changed by the agreement which was made between 1\fr. GROSVENOR. Exactly. myEelf and the senior member of the minority, and which I have Mr. BURKETT. But does he anywhere in that letter-! have carried into effect in perfect good faith. · So, Mr. Speaker, I am a read it over and I did not find it-recommend this particular bill? little bit jealous about the matter. Mr. LITTLEFIELD. I have the interview in which he does Mr. SPIGHT. I would like to say to the gentleman that we that. · made no agreement about the time. Mr. GROSVENOR. He was misrepresented in the newspapers Mr. GROSVENOR. No. How much time have I left, Mr. and consented to an interview in order to get rid of a wrong im Speaker? pression. Mr. Speaker, I ask for a vote upon the rule. The SPEAKER. The gentleman has seven minutes remaining. Mr. GOULDEN rose. Mr. GROSVENOR. I shall not refer for a moment to the ar The SPEAKER. For what purpose does the gentleman rise? gument of the. gentleman from ;Mississippi [M:. WILLI..U_IS]. Mr. GOULDEN. I want to ask the gentleman from Ohio a That will come m properly at the time when the bill comes fairly question. before the House. lt will be seen by the Members of the House The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman from Ohio yield? that a long time has been exhausted in trying to bring this bill Mr. GROSVENOR. Yes. ' before the House. Patiently and carefnlly I have labored in sea Mr. GOULDEN. Does the gentleman from Ohio consider one son and out of season to give everybody an opportunity to come hour on each side sufficient to debate this important question? here and be heard on this bill. Mr. GROSVENOR. Well, I am the instrument from the Com I have not any feeling of interest about the bill. It is a matter mittee on Rules, but I do think, with all the learning and litera of some importance. It is all in a nntshell-- ture that has been laid before the House during the last three· Mr. LUCKING. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? months, that two hours-one hour to a side-is ample time, more The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman from Ohio yield? than time enough to discuss all that legitimately belongs to this Mr. GROSVENOR. Yes. question involved here. Mr. LUCKING. Will not the gentleman from Ohio admit that Mr. GOULDEN. It shows how great minds differ. he did not file his majodty report, which he now relies upon, until Mr. GROSVENOR. Yes; yours. last Saturday; that it was not printed until Tuesday of this week? The question was taken;.. and the Speaker announced that the Mr. GROSVENOR. Let me state to the House how easy a noes appeared to have it. matter it is to be mistaken even about that. I filed the majority Mr. GROSVENOR. Division, Mr. Speaker. report, upon whi?h I relied and re~y now, but lat:er a. minority ?f Mr. WILLIAMS of :Mississippi. Mr. Speaker, we had 1::etter the Republican side of the committee filed a mmonty report m have the yeas and nays, to save time. favor of a further extension of the time, and in compliance with The yeas and nays were ordered. the request that was made o~ me. I rejoined to th3:t, but I did n Porter, Sibley, Stevens, Minn. Weem..s, ports of the United States and ports or plaees in the Philippine Powers, Me. Smith, ill. Tawney, Wiley, N.J. Powers, Mass. Southard Tirrell, Williamson, Archipelago, between ports or places in the Philippine Archipel Prince, Southwick, Van Voorhis, Wilson, Til. ago, and for 'Other purposes. Reeder, Sperry, Volstead, Woodyard. The bill was read, as follows-: Rodenberg, Steenerson, Wachter, St-erling, Warnock;, Be it enacted, etc., That on -and after July 1, 1905, no merchandise excel't Sco.tt, supplies for the .Army and Navy shall be transported by sea, under penalty NAYS-100. of forfeiture thereof, between ports of the United States and porta or places .:Aiken, Flood, Legare, Robinson, Ind. in the Philippine Archipe!a.go, directly or via a foreign port, or for any part Badger, Gaines, Tenn. Lester Rucker, of the voyage, in any other -vessel than a -vessel cl the United States. But Bassett, Garber, Lever,' Russell, this section shall not be construed to p;rolribit the s&iling of a.ny foreign ves Beall, Tex. Garner, Lind, Ryan, sel between any port of the United States and any port or place in the Philip Bell, Cal. Gla , Little, Scarborough, pine Archipelago: Pmvided, That no merchandise other than that imported Benny, Goldfogle, Lloyd, Sheppard, in such vesse1 from some foreign port which has been specified on the :mnni Bow5n~, Goulden, Lucking, Sherley, fest as for another port, a.nd which sha.Il not have been unloaded, shall be Brantley, Granger, Macon, s· carried between a port of the United States and a part or place in tb.e Philip Breazeale, Gregg, Maddox. S~en, pine Archipelago. Brundidge, Gudger, Maynard, Small, SEC. 2. That on and after July 1, 1005, no foreign -vessel shall trnnsportv.as Burgess, Hamlin, Moon, Tenn. Smith, Ky. sengern between ports of the United States and ports or places in the Plril:ip.. Burleson~ Harrison. J,>a.dgett, Smith, Tex. pine Archipelago, either directly or by wa.y of a foreign port. under a penalty Byrd, Hitchcock, Page, Spi ht, of $200 for each passenger so transported and 1anded. Candler, Hopkins, Patterson, N.C. S~van, Mass. SEc. 3. That sections land 2 of this act shall not apply to the transporta Cassinghnm, Humphreys, Miss. Pierce, Swanson, tion of merchandise or passengers between ports or places in the Philippine Clark, Johnson, Pinckney, Tha)'er, Archil)elago. Until Congress sh&ll have -authorized the registry 11.5 vessals of Clayton, Kehoe, Pou, Thomas, N. C. the tr"nited States of vessels owned in thePhilippine Archi;pelago the govern Cockran, N.Y. Keliher, No, Underwood, ment of the Philippine Islands is hereby authorized to adopt,-from time to Cowherd, Kitchin, Claude Ramey VanDuzer, time, and enforce regulations governing the tra~ortation of merchandise DeArmond, KJtchin, Wm.. W. Randell. Tex. Wallace, and passengern between poxts or places in the Philippine Archipelago. Denny, Kline, , Ransdell, La. Webb, SEC. 4:. That sections 1 and 2 of this act sha.ll not a.pply to the voyage of a Dinsmore, Kln~ Rider, Wiley, Ala.. vessel between a port of the United States and a port o-r place in the Philip Rield, Lamar, Fla. Rixey, Willia Miss. pine Archipelago begun before July 1, 100>. Finl~y, Lamar, Mo. Robb. Wynn,ms, SEc. 5. That sections 1 a.n.d 2 of this a.ct.sha.llnot apply to vessels owned by Fitzgerald, Lamb, Robinson, Ark. Zenor. the United States. £Ec. 6. That on and after-the passage of-this act the same tonna.ge taxes .ANSWERED t'PRESENT "-s. shall be levied, collected. ab.d :paid upon a.ll foreign vessels -coming into the Adamson, Cramer, Lewis, Miers, In.d. United States from the Philippme Archipelago which -are required by law to Oassel, Howa-rd, be levied, collected, and paid-upo.n vessels coming into the United States from NOT VOTING-153. · foreign countries: Provided., however, That until July 1, 1905, the provisions Balroock, Flack. Landis, Chas. B. Sh1lll, of law restricting to ~e els of the Umted states the transportation of 'V,aS Baker, F,ordney, Lawrence, Slemp, sengers and merclumdise directly or indirectly !from one port of the Umted Bankhead, Foss, Lindsay, Smith, Iowa States to another;>ort of .the Uni.te:d States shall not be applicable to foreign Bartholdt, Foster, TIL Livernash, Smith, Samuel W. vessels-engaging m trade between the Philippine Archipelago and the United Bartlett, Fowler, Liv.ingston, Smith, Wm.Alden States: And provided further, That the Phili.ppin~ Com:mission shall be a.u Bede, Gaines., W.Va. Lorimer, Smith, N.Y. thorizedand empowered t.o issue licenses to engage in lighterage or other Beidler, Gardner, Mass. Loud, 'Smith, Pa. exclusively harborbnsiness to vessels or othercra.ftactua.llyengaged.jn.such Benton, ·Gardner, Mich. Loudenslager, Snapp, business at the date of the passage of this act, a.nd to vessels-or other c:ra.ft Bingham, Gardne1:, N. J. Lovering, Snoo.K, 'built m the Philippine Islands or in the United Sta.tes .and owned by citizens Boutell, Gilbert, McAndrews, Southall, of the United States or by inhabitants of ·the PhiliJ}pine Island . Bowie, Gillespie, McCall, Spalding, S:ec. 7. That this act shall not be construed to impair Ol' affect any privi Brow;sard, Goebel, McCarthy. Sparkman, lege guaranteed 'tO Spanish slrips and merchandise by the treaty of peace bEr Bro~ow, Gooch., McCreary, P.a. Stafford, tween the United States and Spain signed at the city of Paris on Decembel' Buck:ma.n, Gr: ffi.th~ .MeDermott, Stanley, ' 10, lil9 and .ra.ti:fied Aprilll, 1899. Burkett, Griggs, McLain, Stephens, Tex:. SEC. . That the Secretary of Commerce and Labor shall, from time to Burleigh, Hardwick, McNary, Sullivan, N.Y. time, issue regulations for the enforcement of this act, except as otherwise Burnett, Hay, Mahoney, Snlloway, provided in section 3: Provided, That such of the navigation laws of the Bm-ton, Hea.1-st, Metcalf.. Sulzer, United Sbtes as are in force in the Philippine Archipelago in re.,aard to ves Butler, Mo. Hedge, .Meyer, La. Talbott, sels arriving in the Philippine Islands from the mainland tBrritory and other Caldwell, Henry, Tex. Minor, Tate. insular poss<:!ssions of the United States shall continue to be administered by Ca:pron, Hepburn, Moon, Pa. Taylor, the proper .officials of the government of the Philippine Islands. Castor, Hildebrant, Morrell, Thomas, Iowa Passed the Senate March 9,1904. Cochran, Mo., Hill Miss. Nevin, Townsend, Connell, Hinshaw, {)verstreet. Trimble, During the reading of the bill the following oee111Ted: Cooper, Tex. Bitt, Patterson, Pa. Vandiver, Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Mr. Speaker, I desire at this Coop.ex, Wis. Holliday, Pa.tternon, Tenn. Vreeland, Crowley, Houston, Pean'e, Wade, time to offer an amendment. I wish to strike out the word Curtis, Hughes, N.J. Reid, Wadsworth, 'five,n in line 6 on page 2, and insert the word" nine'"' in lieu Darragh, Hughes, W.Va. Rhea, Wanger, thereof. Davey, La. Hunt, Richardson, Ala. WarnE.'r, Davis, Fla. Hunter, Richardson, Tenn. Watso:il, Mr. GROSVENOR. Mr. Speaker, I have not yielded the :floor. Dayton, Jackson, Md. Ro-berts, Wa'..sse, The SPEAKH1R. ,The bill is not amendable at this stage, the Deemer, Jackson, Ohio Robertson, La.. Willia.ms, m ·Chair will state to the gentleman from Mississippi, unless by Dickerman, James Ruppert, Wilson, N.Y. Dougherty, Jenkins, Scudder Wright, unanimous consent. Douglas, Jones, Va. Shackleford, Young. Mr. WILLIAllfS of Mississippi. Why, Mr. Speaker, I thought Dresser, Knapp, Sherman, the understanding was, and I thought the role recited. that the Emerich, Knopf, Shiras, Fitzpatrick, Lafean, Shober, bill was amendable so far as changing the year stated in the bill So the resolution was agreed to. was concerned. The following additional pairs were announced: The SPEAKER. The gentleman is correct, but the amend· For this day: ments are in order after the debate expires, and there is an hour Mr. CuRTIS with Mr. CocHRAN of Missouri on a side foT debate. ML FOWLER with Mr. GlliLESPIE. Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi If the Chair will notice the rule particularly, I think he will find it recites that 1904. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 4449 . , not. They get the same price for their hemp anyway, whether enough ships right now on the Pacific coast alone to bring all this this bill passes or not, on account of the great and wide competi hemp to the United States in one voyage and land it, so that the tion for that valuable article. So that I think yon can safely as American people can get hold of it and manufacture it. sume that this bill will not in. the slightest degree affect the price There is an abundance of capable tonnage right now on the of Philippine hemp to the Philippine producer. Indeed, Gov Atlantic coast ready and glad to do this business if they can get ernor Taft, in his testimony before the Merchant Marine Com it, and at rates not burdensome to the cordage trade. mittee, expressly stated that the hemp producer would not be The ships are ready, owned, and manned by Americans, and adversely affected by this bill. they know they can not get the business unless their rates are Mr. BURKETT. Will it cost the Americans any more when rea-sonable. Too high rates on their part will drive the business the hemp gets here? 1 to London and Ham burg. This of itself will keep the rates reason • Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. I will come to that in a moment. able, so that all possible business may be done as usual in the Now, as to sugar and tobacco. The amount of these articles Atlantic States. produced last year and exported was less than 10,000 tons-9,200 Now, it may be asked, What difference will it make to the tons of sugar and about 150 tons of tobacco. So that there is no American shippers? question that the passage of this bill will not affect in the least, as This trade now is controlled by foreign steamship companies of yon can see, the producers of sugar and tobacco. On the contrary, two different classes, from th~ Atlantic coast, by foreign lines Governor Taft testified before the Committee on the Merchant controlled in London, Hamburg, and Bremen. These lines be Marine and Fisheries that he believed that by the passage of this tween New York and the Philippines are offshoots of the great bill American capital will be enlisted in the Philippine Islands, English and German lines, branches of those great foreign lines. will become interest-ed in the islands, and that a trade will be They do business only as dictated by those lines, and are subordi established there on account of it. nate in their ownership and interests to the central authority in He believed that because of this very act the tariff will neces England and Germany. They have no particular interest in the sarily be reduced, and I believe this will contribute pressure to general development of American trade with the Philippines. ward it, and that with the capital coming into the islands and The principal interest of the owners of these lines is to build up with the improved facilities of communication bringing that sugar the English or German trade, as the case may be. This American and tobacco to the greatest and really the only market of the trade is only secondary and only sought to use their old, cheap, and world for such articles, the tendency will be to increase the pro worn ships. They do not and will. not give as good rates and duction of these articles in the Philippine Islands, develop its re facilities as they do to Europe, and this of itself will tend to pre sources by American enterprise, capital, and labor, and to benefit vent development of general American trade with the Philippines. the people of those islands on that account. That is, the desirable Now, the foreign lines on the Pacific, like the Japanese line and thing now to do is to have something which will tend to draw the the Canadian-Pacific line, are highly subsidized lines, and they will best class of the American people there, so they will use their cap underbid our steamship companies on every single cargo. ital, their brains, and their energy,and upbuildandencouragethe They can afford to do it to starve our ships and drive them from native peoples with their own activities and prosperity. the ocean, and then the United States will only get the poorer I believe this as much as any one thing will contribute toward and meaner part of their facilities. The home countries granting that result. American ships will not run on partial cargoes. the subsidies will get the best possible rates and facilities, as they They will always endeavor to get full cargoes in order to make a desire to. But this all injures our trade and helps their trade. profitable business. To do this they will adopt the usual Amer It injures us in our dealings and relations with the Philippines ican methods of making business-encouraging production; estab and helps our competitors. For my part, and for this reason, I lishing manufactories, developing resources, employing the people, favor trading with the Philippines by American ships. It helps stimulating their wants and necessities, and in these m~ifold them; it helps us. In the long run it will make toward the great ways creating wealth, prosperity, and happiness. I verily believe est good of both peoples. we may trnly anticipate this beneficent result of this legislation If this bill should pass, it would mean that in order to prevent before us. this hemp going to Germany, England, or France our people Now, the gentleman from Nebraska [Mr. BURKETT] asked if would have to pay enough for the hemp, would have to get the people of the United States will be injured by the passage of freights sufficiently low so that the hemp could be landed on the this bill. If they were to be injured I should not vote for it. American coasts. It would mean that our steamship companies I believe that they will not be injured, but that, on the con would have to compete in rates and facilities with the steamship trary, they will be benefited by the passage of this bill. It will companies going to Germany and to England, and in order to be remembered that all of the material for binding twine and compete they would have to bring their rates down low enough. binding twine itself are admitted fi·ee; that a large proportion of Now, they can do that and they have done that. The latter part the binding twine used in our country comes from Yucatan and of last year steel rails were taken from Cleveland to Hongkong is sisal; that this twine is made by two different classes of manu at $8 a ton, flour was taken from Minneapolis to Shanghai and facturers-one, the cordage trust, which produces a very large Hongkong at $8 a ton, and that is about the rate that is now proportion; the other, the independent producers, in large part being paid. It is even cheaper than the rate that is now being the State prisons in the West, in the State of Minnesota, and in paid for the transportation of this hemp from the Philippines to N01·th Dakota; and I know other States are considering the es New York. We know those rates have been obtained and will be tablishment of these binding-twine factories at public expense in again, and rates one way will be cheaper when there are good the State prisons to utilize their convict labor and to supply the freights both ways, and this bill will accomplish just that result. best quality of binding twine at a minimum expense to the people. As you see, freight rates will not be much, if any, increased. Now, this to me is significant. The cordage trust bitterly and Now, conceding that they are increased slightly at first- vehemently oppose the passage of this bill, because they know it Mr. TH.A YER. Mr. Speaker- will tend to encourage the establishment of new factories by pub The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman yield? . lic or private means in the West, near the place Of consumption, Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. I have only fifteen minutes. I where there can be had cheap freight rates direct to the farmer should like to yield, but my time is so limited th2.t it is not pos who consumes it. sible. A large part of these institutions use sisal from Yucatan. They The SPEAKER. The gentleman declines to yield. use a smaller proportion of the h~mp from the Philippilies. If Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota. Now, Mr. Speaker, as I said, this bill should pass, it would mean~ that a-s to those institutions these rates will be but slightly, if any, increased. It would mean in the West, that affect the farmer, the sisal or abaca used instead that if these lines were once established ships best fitted to carry of coming to the Atlantic ports would come to the Gulf or Pacific and do that trade would be employed in the trade, and those ports, and this very competition not only of materials-as there types of ships would be operated in the best manner to do that is an abundance of sisal-but of rates and localities, would com business. pletely insure the smallest possible prices to the consumers. The When that business is done by the right kind of a ship, oper· passage of this act would mean that Philippine hemp from Pacific ated in the right kind of a way, with cargoes both ways-from ports would compete with Philippine hemp from Atlantic ports~ the Philippines to the United States and from the United States with sisal from Gulf ports as well as the finished product from to the Philippines....:there will be an increase of facilities and a re Canada. This fourfold competition will tend to prevent increase duction of rates. That is exactly what would come by the pas of prices. It would mean that on the Pacific coast there are right sage of this bill. It has happened with Porto Rico, it has hap now probably American ships under the American· :flag of more pened with Alaska and with Hawaii, and in due time will surely than 100,000 tons capacity ready to bring the whole crop of the come to the Philippines. It will not settle inside of six months. Philippines in one voyage to the United States. · It may not come down inside of a year to a permanent basis, but Last year there were only exported from the Philippine Islands just as soon as the business does become stable and dependable, so to the United States about 63,000 tons. One estimate is 6o,OOO that there will be cargoes both ways-from the Philippines to the tons and another estimate is 63,000 tons; and, as I said, there are United States and from the United States to the Philippines- XXXVIII-279 4450 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. APRIL 7, freight rates will be lowered-, because improved facilities will be As has been said by the gentleman from Minnesota [Mr. ST& offered, 8,nd that is just exactly what is contemplated by this bill. VE...~s], there is an unlimited market for their hemp product, be [Applause.] cause they have an absolute monopoly of it. They levy an export [Here the hammer fell.l tax of $7.40 a ton upon all the hemp that is exported from their Mr. GROSVENOR. Mr. Speaker, it is manifest that if we go islands except that which is exported to the United States; and on and close debate, it will end between 5 and 6 o clock, and there we take from their treasm-y, Secretary Taft declares, from will be no time for amendments or a vote upon the passage of the $300,000 to $500,000 a year which they otherwise would receive bill. Therefore I ask unanimous consent that at 5.30 o'clock the and which we filch and rob from their treasury in order to grat House shall adjom·n until to-morrow, at 12 o'clock. ify the demands of private interests of this country. So the Fili • The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Ohio asks unanimous pinos get the worst of it both ways by the laws we enact. They consent that at 5.30 the House stand adjonrned until to-morrow, are our fellow-countrymen when we want their hemp or their at 12 o'clock. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The Ohair trade in American ships, but they are foreigneTs when they want hears none. to sell us sugar and tobacco. Mr. GROSVENOR. The gentleman from North Carolina. will The American cordage and binding-twine manufacturers appear now occupy some of his time. here in opposition to this bill, because they say it would rruse the Mr. MADDOX. Mr. Speaker, do I understand that we take no freight rates so high as to driYe the hemp business back to London. T"ote lmtil to-morrow at 12? That subject is fully and carefnlly treated by the two Republicans Mr. GROSVENOR. That is right. of the minority in part 2 of the teport on this bill, and I will not Mr. MADDOX. And no vote on amendments either? take time to discuss it. Mr. GROSVENOR. No vote on any amendments; but debate Secretary of War Root declared to the Senate January 14.1904, will go on until 5.30 o'clock, and then cease at that point until to that if we were confined to American vessels for ca;rying Gov morrow morning. ernment supplies" we would have no way of escaping from the Mr. SMALL. In the-absence of the ranking member of the mi payment of at least three times as much as we now pay for this nority of the committee, I yield such time to the gentleman from class of transportation." So it may be taken as proved that . Michigan as h~ agreed upon. What was the time the gentleman freight rates would be raised enormously. from Michigan desired? But that is simply a sample of this legislation. We propose to Mr. LUCKING. Thirty minutes. exploit the Filipinos for our own benefit. We propose to return Mr. SMALL. I yield thirty minutes to the gentleman from to the eighteenth-century policy of England in regard to her colo Michigan. nial possessions. Why, when we took these islands we solemnly Mr. LUCKING. Mr. Speaker, in substance this bill provides declared to foreign nations, in public correspondence over the seal that after July 1, 1905, all commerce between the United States and of the Secretary of State, that we would practice the " open-door" the Philippine Islands shall be carried only in American vessels. policy, giving every country free commerce with the Philippines; It is evident that nothing but the most cursory running discus and yet, as I have said, by our own legislation we get hemp out sion of the various propositions involved in this bill can be had of the islands free, while the Filipinos get 7.40 a ton on every in thirty minutes. The representative of the cordage interests ton exported to any other country, and by this discrimination, who appeared before our committee, simply to show how detri which violates our agreement with foreign countries, the strug mental and injurious this bill would be to the cordage manufac gling Filipinos lose from 300,000 to $500,000 per annum. turers and the farmers of the United States, took nearly an hour Now we propose to confine to American bottoms all their com and a half, and did not feel that he had been given reasonable merce. So far as it affects foreign countries we might not care consideration. There are among other things to be considered about it; but we have the authority here of our chief official, for the interests of the cordage manufacturers. There are the inter mer Governor Taft, who has been governor of the islands and is ests of the Filipinos, the shipping interests of the United States, now Secretary of War, that the effect would be injurious and dis the exporting interests of the United States, the American farm astrous to the Philippines. We have heard the pleading of the ers' interests, and the policy of the home country, the mother American cordage manufacturers, and all the exporting interests country toward her colonial possessions, or more appropriately, of the United States, that it would sacrifice their interest in the as judged by this bill, the stepmother country toward her colonial trade of the Philippine Islands. How does it happen here-it possessions. seems incomprehensible-that with the President and the Secre Last year the trade from the Philippines to the United States tary of State opposed to this policy, so far as we can judge by amounted to about 13,000,000; the trade from the United States their ''open-door" declarations; with the governor of the Philip to the Philippines to $4,000,000. The imports came mainly to pine Islands-now Secretary Taft-opposed to this legislation, as Atlantic ports; the exports went mainly from Pacific ports. The shown in state documents; with the Philippine Commission pro trade this way consists nearly altogether'of hemp, which is a very testing against it; with the collector of customs of the Philippines bulky cargo. The trade the other way consists mainly of manu declaring that it will be injurious and disastrous; with the admin factured articles, which form very compact cargo. It would take istrative officers of our Navy fighting it; with the cordage interests at least three times the tonnage to bring the imports that would here opposed to it, and the merchants who are selling anything to be necessary to carry the exports. The trade in this direction is the Philippine Islands opposed to it, and the American farmers too small to employ regular lines; the trade in the other direction opposed to it-how does it happen that this bill is jammed through will not begin to furnish return cargoes for even the few vessels Congress so unceremoniously? In whose interest is it being done; that come this way. The trade both ways amounts to so little at whose command? that competition for it is out of the question, and combination N 6body, so far as I know, no interest, is in favor of it except this under which a few ships will be set apart for it is the only possi infernal ship lobby which has been pestering Congress, both ble result. And the trade can not be increased by increasing branches of it, for the last seven years. [Applause on the Dem freight rates, which will be the result, as nobody denies. ocratic side.] They are hanging around the doors and sending in The trade is now conducted at very close rates by foreign tramp for ¥embers here to-day, and they have been here all this winter; steamers. The Philippines are but one port in a chain of ports their faces are everywh~re through the CapitoL They have in around the world. It is therefore utterly impossible for American timidated officers whom I shall not name, who were decidedly op vessels or for regular liners of any nationality to compete with posed to this bill in the beginning and who now in a faltering, tramps in a trade of the character or volume involved. In c-onse stammering kind of way half withdraw their opposition. As to quence, American vessels have heretofore made no effort whatever the effect of this bill upon the Filipino interests, let me read a few to get into the Atlantic hemp trade. They will make no effort to words from the minority report submitted by the gentleman from get into it unless they can substitute combination for competition Iowa and the gentleman from New York, Republican members of in conducting it. this committee: You propose by this bill to pronounce .the Philippine Islands We do not believe it is a wise policy to build up a special industry in this home territory so far as compelling them to carry their merchan country at the expense of another industry [the fa.rmersl upon which the burden of Government is now so heavily cast. Nor do we oolieve that it is a dise in American vessels; but you say they are foreigners so far as wise polic_y to treat our isla.nd possessions as legitimate prey for commercial getting admission to our markets is concerned. They are foreign pirates. If our mercha.nt ma.rme ca.n not be fostered in a.ny other manner, it ers so far as selling us anything, but fellow-countrymen when we deserves to fail. . wish to exploit them. They are foreigners when any favors are Now, I am not opposed to building up the shipping industry of to be granted to their trade and commerc~, but they are our very this country. In a report prepared by me upon another bill (the own when it comes to the levying and laying of burdens upon Gardner shipping bill) the Democratic members of the Committee their backs. Why, at this very hour we are discriminating in the on Merchant Marine have submitted a plan, constitutional, rea hemp export trade against all other countries of the world, con sonable, practical, successful, just, and wise, for building up the trary to our solemn declarations at the time we accepted posses merchant marine, namely, the discriminating-duty plan which sion of those islands, in favor of our American industries and in worked like magic in the early days of the Republic; but we are juriouslr to the Filipinos. opposed to everything in the nature of a subsidy, and we certainly 1904.~ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 4451 are opposed to this bill, which will sacrifice the interests of the act the coastwise laws shall not apply? Why have you not per Filipinos and the Philippine Islands, if we can believe the officers mitted us to offer an amendment to that effect? Wl1y not do that who have submitted their reports here. Now, upon that proposi if your honest reason is that the laws will go into effect on the tion let me read a few words from Governor Taft's report. who 1st of July, 1904, which you know would be a great calamity to has never changed his position here, gentlemen's statements to everybody, American and Filipino, except the ship monopoly? the contrary. In his 1-eport as civil governor of the Philippines, Now, my time is running very rapidly, and I want to call your he says: attention to other features of this bill. We simply have not time In respect to the trade between these islands and the United States, I con to do it properly, so that you may vote intelligently, if your votes cur fully in the remarks of Collector Shuster in his annual report, in which are at your own command in this matter. [Laughter.] hesays: ..... "At thEt present time the greater part of the freight traffic between the I do not mean that in an offensive sense. I know there are a Philippines &nd New York is carried on in foreign bottoms. So far as indi number of Members on the other side who oppose this legislation. cations go, any law which prevented the continuance of that trade in foreign One Member from Massachusetts made a stin-ing speech against bottoms until an eqtml tonnage of cheaply operated American freighters are RECORD. actually avalla.ble to take up that trade and maintain healthy rate com~ti it, which is printed in full in the There are others op tion would result in a dec1ded increase over the present rates of freight. . posed to it. Nearly every argument offered by two minority Re This additional burden would fall on the already weakened resources of th~ publican members of this committee is a forcible argument against islands, and such a result would be more than lamentable from every stand point. The tonnage plying between these islands and the Pacific coast is any legislation of this character, and certainly they show it ought about equal to the present freight supply, and no change in the present law not to go into effect for a considerable length of time. Why, by seems desirable as far as trans-Pacific routes are concerned. this law yon say to the Filipinos,'' We are going to make you a "It is, therefore, earnestly recommended that the present laws, so far a they permit foreign bottoms to trade between these islands and the mainland home country, we are going to let everything be carried in Amer territory of the United States, be not changed for a period of at l El"<=~f. fl ican vessels." Are you going to let anything be carried in Filipino years frOm July 1, 1904, and that positive legislation to that effect b :: had by vessels? Do you allow a single Filipino to engage in the traffic. Congress at an early date." No; you do not. Why, that smacks of George the Third's policy, He says the burden will fall on the backs of our struggling sub· when all colonial traffic was confined to English vessels. Do you jects and that the result will be more than lamentable. If we propose to let our Filipino people trade with this country freely? can not rely upon his statement, where can we go for informa No; they are barred out like strangers. Iwanttocall your atten tion? Whom shall we trust? tion especially to the fact that you confine this traffic to American Now, my friends of the legal persuasion upon this floor, I would vessels and you are not allowing a Filipino to engage in the busi like to call your attention to the fact that the particular reason ness. It seems to me that is the most-I do not know a proper urged here in the majority report for passing this bill is that the adjective which is parliamentary to chara~terize it. [Laughter.] coastwise laws confining the trade to American vessels will take If it be true that" taxation without representation is tyranny," effect on the 1st of coming July if this bill is not passed. Now, I what is legislation of the broadest character covering all the af submit there is no 1-easonable foundation for any such belief. I fairs of the islands without representation at all? What Filipino have hunted in vain to find a man who has examined the question has ever asked for this? What person who has ever spent a year who will venture any such opinion. I have not time to discuss in the Philippine Islands has asked for the legislation or said it the legal question; but if it is of interest to any gentleman, and would be for their interest? Who is here now to speak for these he will send for part 3 of the report upon this bill, he will find the 10,000,000 people 10,000 miles away? Which of you has any real authorities there collected, and it seems to me they are perfectly knowledge of their wants, their desires, or their needs? Are you plain. I will insert as an appendix to my remarks the legal dis utterly heedless of their good? cussion from the report. If anything further were needed than Ought not our 'first concern to be what is for their benefit, since the citation of the authoriti~s upon the subject, let me ca.ll your they are helpless charges in our contl·ol across seas without repre attention to the fact that within a few days Attorney-General sentation, and too far away for their cries to reach this noisy, Knox has given an opinion that the coastwise laws do not apply at busy capital, where each one of us is overwhelmed with work for the present time to the island of Guam. That island was acquired his own distl-ict? at the same time as the Philippines and under the same treaty. But not We think only of our own. The distant calamity Mr. SULLIVAN of Massa-chusetts. Will the gentleman yield? makes faint impression. Mr. LUCKING. Certainly. We load the burdens on their backs, but give no benefits. Mr. SULLIVAN of Massa-chusetts. I think it ought to be We practically prohibit their profitable trade with the home stated further t<> the House, and I know you can inform us, by country and at the same time grasp for ourselves their profitable what right_ and authority were the coastwise laws extended to exporttrade-thehemptrade. We compel them topayexorbitant Alaska, Porto Rico, and Hawaii? freight charges to American vessels, but won't allow them to en Mr. LUCKING. That is aJl discussed in the minority report. gage in the business. The executive department of this nation never held the coastwise They are home territ-ory for purposes of excluding fm·eign vessels laws applied to the traffic with Alaska, Port<> Rico, or Hawaii, and a foreign country when they want to sell us tobacco and sugar. until an express act of Congress in each case put them in force. If you were Filipinos, which one of yon would vote for this The decision of the Attorney-General in the Guam case is a direct measure? It would not get one single vote in your whole number. decision on the point involved here, unless it should be held that Ought not this undoubted fact to condemn it forever? the act of 1902, which uses the language "that until July 1,1904, Let us pause before we take another step in the infamous policy the coastwise laws should not apply "-unless that language ap of colonialism, in the destruction of our own moral being, of our plies them to the Philippines. own ideals. Let us not deliberately sacrifice "the inalienable These words are simply words of permission and not of com rights" of another people. mand. If you say to your son, "You shall not go to New York Are they evep. granted the right of petition? I do not know until the 1st of July, 1904," that is first a prohibttion against his whether they are or not, but the late governor of those islands going before that date, then it might be held to imply a negative ! admit that they have been fortunate in having such a governor, permission to go after that date, but in no sense is it a command_ for the government of those islands would have been a disgr.ace upon him to go on or after that date· and so the words in ques fnl scandal by this time if we had not sent there a broad, liberal tion simply prohibit the coastwise laws from taking effect before man of irreproachable character, of gigantic intellect, who set his July 1, 1904, in case they otherwise might take effect, but do not foot firmly down and administered the government of those put them into force after that date. islands, as far as he was able, for the good of the Filipinos them Hence the argument which is used that it is necessary to extend selves. He has thereby drawn down upon his head anathemas the time beyond July 1, 1904, or else they will go into effect, is and to himself the opposition of every American exploiter in the not true and is made for the purpose of coercing Congress into this islands, as well as of these ship lobbyists who are around here legislation. They say, "Pass this law and put off the date until to-day, and who" camped upon his trail" one day and were in 1905, else the law will go into effect this year." That argument is his office for a whole day laboring with him to change his posi a two-edged sword. and, I might say, if there were such a thing, tion. But he fought them step by step and told them distinctly a four or five edged sword. They admit thereby that it would be that if they were go.ing to impose these burdens upon the Fili a calamity to have them go into effect at the present time. They pinos they ought at least to grant them an entrance to our mar• know that we have not the ships to do the trading between the kets. places except at exorbitant rates. They know that it would de His position has not been relaxed except as he was crowded and stroy the traffic among the Philippine Islands themselves, which crowded to say that if this law were delayed for a year or for is all done by boats. some years, and if in the meantime Congress would take off the I would like to see a lawyer who is an honest man look at the tariffs so that our Philippine trade would bloom and blossom and authorities on that proposition and say that there is anything in grow, he would then be m favor of it, but not until then it to justify their argument. Mr. HITCHCOCK. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? . B~t let us assume that there is. Why do you insist upon pnt The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman from Michigan yield to tingmtoforcethese dangerous and unwise laws after July1 1905? the gentleman from Nebraska? Why not simply bring in a bill saying until Congress shall ~o en- Mr. LUCKING. Certainly. 4452 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. APRIL 7, : Mr. HITCHCOCK. In this bill is there any provision to require That case simply _called for a decision of the question whether in 1901 a vessel coming into New York from Porto Rico was engaged in the coastwise the employment of American labor, or can these protected ship trade under the statute of the State of New York relatmg to pilots. Held, ping interests continue to employ the cheap Mongolian labor· on that it was, since Congress in April, 11XX>, had already enacted that "the the seas? coasting trade between Porto Rico and the United States shall be regulated in accordance with the law applicable to two great coasting districts," etc Mr. LUCKING. Mr. Speaker, I do not know whether it is ab which is the technical language employed to apply the coastwise act. ., solutely forbidden one to reyeal what transpires in an executive No other question was before the court, and it is idle to assert that the session of a committee or to refer to it on the floor of this House. fugitive expression above quoted lends any color to the idea. that the coast wise laws went into effect automatically, since they had been put into effect If so, I have transgressed that rule to-day by stating-though no by express act of Congress. objection was made to it at the time-that I offered an amend But if standing alone, it could be said to raise a. doubt, this doubt is dis ment in the committee barring from these vesEels which were to pelled (1) by the express decisions of the Supreme Court covering the ques tion; (2) by the unbroken practice of this Government in the case11-of Porto get this great monopoly by this law the cheap Chinese labor; but Rico, Hawaii, and Alaska, and (3) by a recent decision of the Attorney it was voted down by our Republican friends. The cordage men General holding that the coastwise laws do not apply to Guam. and merchants say there are not enough ships available to do this The coastwise law in question reads: "No merchandise shall be transported by water, under penalty of forfei business except by taking them away from other profitable busi ture thereof, from one port of the United States to another :port of the United ness, which would result in extortionate rates. Every vessel States * * * in any other vessel than a vessel of the Umted States." which the ship men say is fitted for the business was named, but The sole qu~tion, then, is whether ports of the Philippine Islands are " ports of the United States" under this law, by virtue of the cession of the one after another of them was thrown out by a showing that they islands hy Spain, and without any legislation by Congress. were not fit to do the business, that they were engaged in other (1) This precise question is covered by the United States Supreme Court traffic, that they were carrying oil and could not carry hemp or in the insular cases. They hold that the Philippine Islands are not part of the United States, although belonging to the United States, and that ports other products of those islands, or that they drew too much water of the Philippines are not ports of the United States. We quote a few ex to go through the Suez Canal, or that they were too small or too tracts from the opinion of Mr. Justice Brown, speaking for the court in old to get insurance. As stated before, I proposed an amendment Downes v. Bidwell (182 U. S., pp. 256,278 287). "The very treaty with Spam under discussion1 in this case contains similar in <;ommittee that these shipowners who were to have this priv discriminative provisions, which are apparently irreconcilable with the Con ilege and whose trade was to be made profitable at the expense of stitution, if that instrument be held to extend to these islands immediately the Filipinos and the American people should be required to em upon their cession to the United States. By article 4 the United States a~ee If I 'for the term of ten years from the date of the exchange of the ratifications ploy none but Americans or Filipinos. allowed, would offer of the pr~s~nt. treaty, to admit Spanish ships anq merchandise to the ports that amendment now. of the Philippme Islands on the same terms as ships and merchandise of the To answer the question of the gentleman from Nebraska di United States, a privilege not extending to any other ports. It was a. clear breach of the uniformity clause in question, and a manifest excess of author rectly, there is nothing in the bill limiting the men to be employed ity on the part of the commissioners, if ports of the Philippine Islands be on the vessels to Amerrcans. Every one of the seventeen Ameri ports of the United States. can vessels now engaged in that Pacific trade is manned by Chi "In determining the meaning of the words of article 1, section 8, • uniform throughout the United States,' we are bound to consider not only the provi nese sailors, except the officers and the watch. My amendment sions forbidding preference being given to the ports of one State over those was voted down, as has been stated, and we are not permitted by of another (to which attention has already been called), but the other clauses our Republican friends to offer the amendment now. It seems declaring that no tax or duty shall be Ia.id on articles exported from a.ny to me that if these vessel owners are to be benefited American State, and that no State shall, without the consent of Congress_, lay any im :posts or duties upon imports or exports, nor any duty on tonna~e. The ob labor should get some benefit from it also. It is well known that J~t o~ all of th~ w:as .to p:otect the States whi~h united in formmg the Con our American subsidized steamers which carry the mails are re stitution from dlSCrimmatiOns by Congress, which would operate unfairly or injuriously upon some States and not equally upon others. * * • quired to carry half of their crews of American citizens, and why "Thus construed together the purpose is irresistible that the words ought not an amendment to that effect at least be adopted here, 'throughout the United States' are indistinguishable from the words • among so that these vessels to be thus benefited would not be permitted or betWeen the several States,' and that these prohibitions were intended tr.> apply only to commerce between ports of the several States as they then ex to be manned by cheap Chinese laborers, who work for one-third isted or should thereafter be admitted to the Union. * • * or one-fourth of what an American sailor ca)l live upon. [Ap "We are therefore of opinion that the island of Porto Rico is a territory· plause.] appurtenant and belonging to the United States. but not a part of the Unitnd States within the revenue clauses of the Constitution." In conclusion, sir, it seems to me a gross outrage that we should (2) The unbroken practice of the executive de,Partmentof this Govern pass alaw inflicting great injury upon our own manufacturers, who ment in the cases of Alaska, Hawaii, and Porto Rico was not to treat any of / employ thousands of men, and upon our farmers, who must pay their ports as ports of the United States under the coastwise law until Con gress by special act in each case made such law operative, which was done, higher prices for binding twine; upon our exporting merchants, as to Alaska, in July, 1868; as to Hawaii, April 00,1900, and as to Porto Rico, whose trade will be decreased by the higher freight rates, and Aprill2, 1900. · especially upon our struggling Filipino people, whose every inter (3) By a decision of Attorney-General Knox, rendered March 10, 1904., it is held that the coastwise laws do not apply to the island of Gl\am, and that est is sacrificed, and who, thousands of miles.away, have no one foreign vessels may engage in trade between the United States and Guam. here to speak for them, and who in this mad conflict of American As Guam was acquired under the same treaty and is relative-ly located pre protected interests are utterly forgotten. And for whom is all cisely the same as the Philippines, the opinion may be said to be directly in point on the question here considered. this done? All for a few rich shipowners who have haunted this It is clear, therefore, that no member should feel constrained to vote for building all winter, and who are not willing that a part of the this bill as it is, or may be amended, under the fear that if no law is passed "swag" should go to the American sailor, but insist upon the the coastwise law will be effective July 1, 1904, and serious disaster follow. right to employ the Chinese sailors, and they force our Republican ALFRED LUCKING. majority here to comply with their demands. [Applause.] Mr. GROSVENOR. Mr. Speaker, I yield ten minutes to the' gentleman from Iowa [Mr. BIRDSA.LL]. I understand that the APPENDIX. gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. SPIGHT] will also yield him ten Mr. LucKING, of the minority of the committee, desires to add the follow minutes. ing: Mr. SPIGHT. Yes. , NO LEGISLATION AT ALL IS NECESSARY AT THIS TIME-AS A MATTER OF LAW, COASTWISE ACT DOES NOT BECOME EFFECTIVE JULY 1, 1904. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Iowa is recognized for Friends of this bill urge its passage on the ground that some legislation is ten minutes. . necessary else the coastwise laws will become applicable to th~ Philippine Mr. GROSVENOR. Ten minutes to be charged ·to each side. trade (transoceanic and interisland) on July 1, 1904. Mr. BIRDSALL. Mr. Speaker, I desire to say that at the It is admitted that this would be a calamity, and so it is sought to coerce Members into passing this law which does affirmatively enact the obnoxious proper time I shall present an amendment to this bill, extending legislation, although none has heretofore passed. - the time when a law shall become operative from 1905 to 1906. I It has been asserted and assumed that on July 1,1904, the coastwise laws will now yield ten minutes of my time to the gentleman from In would go into effect, and it has J.ll¥>Sed current around the Capitol, but I have been unable to find the responsible author of any such opinion, and a careful diana (Mr. CRUMPACKER]. · examination of the question has convinced me that such opinion is without Mr. CRUMPACKER. Mr. Speaker, I am for the bill under any foundation whatever. · consideration because I think its necessity under existing condi The act of March 8, 1902, contained the following clause, which was not in the original act, but crept in as a Senate amendment, namely: tions has been demonstrated. If I believed that the coastwise laws ''Provided, however, That until July 1,1904, the provisions of la. w restricting of the United States would not extend to the Philippine Islands to vessels of the United States the transportation of passengers and merchan under the operation of the act of July, 1902, I would oppose this dise from one port of the United States to another port of the United States shall not be ap:plicable to fore_ign vessels engaging in trade between the bill. But the impression seems to be quite general in the coun Philippine Archipelago and the United States or between ports in the Philip try, and especially among the administi·ative ofiicers of the Gov pine Archipelago." ernment, that the coastwise laws will become applicable to Phil It is not contended, nor will it be contended by any lawyer, that this clause serves to put the coastwise laws into effect after July 1, 1904, but only to ippine commerce on the 1st day of next July unless some postpone such operation until that date, in case they otherwise would be in legislation is had to further postpone the date of their operation; effect; nevertheless this langun.ge has served to create the impression that and my interpretation of the proviso in the act of July, 1.902, is the laws would be operative July 1, loot It is said the above clause in the act of 1902 was inserted because a doubt that the courts and the executive department of the Government was raised by certain language in the opinion of the Supreme Court in Huns would be justified in holding that it was the intention of Con v. New York Steamship Company (182 U.S., 392). The words said to create gress that those laws should become operative on that date. the doubt are: "At the same time trade with that island is properly a part of the domes- The proviso is: - . tic trade of the country since the treaty of annexation, aij.d is so recognized That until July 1,1904-, the provisions of law restricting to vessels of the by the Porto Rican or Foraker Act." United States the transportation of passengerd, etc., shall not be applicable. 1904. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 4453_ It is clear that in the enactment of that proviso it was the in the freight rates between this country and the islands. Seventy tention of Congress that the coastwise laws should be applicable five per cent of the Dingley rates are now imposed upon the com after the date mentioned. · merce of the islands, and nobody knows how much the freight I have given this question some investigation, and I have no rates will be increased. What benefit in the trade of the United doubt that the precipitate extension of the coastwise laws of the States will the Philippine producer have? United States to the Philippine Islands at this time or on the 1st Mr. GROSVENOR. If the gentleman will allow me, I can tell day of July, 1904, would be attended with incalculable disaster. him. Their exports to this country amount to $13,000,000, and It would paralyze trade among the islands themselves, because our exports to that country amount to possibly $1,000,000, and there is hardly a craft among the thirty-five hundred that are they raise their own supplies. doing the trade between the islands to-day that would be eligible Mr. CRUMPACKER. Their 1xports to this country amount to register under our navigation laws. - to $13,000,000. How does that come about? They desire revenue, This bill very wisely excepts the interisland trade from the and they have an export tax of $7.50 per ton on hemp as a source operation of the coastwise laws; and it provides that those laws of revenue. In order to get that trade we have required them to shall apply to the commerce between the continent and the archi rebate the export tax on all hemp that comes to the United States. pelago on and after the first of July, 1905. The gentleman from We get the trade at the expense of their treasury. That is the Iowa will propose an amendment further postponing the date way we get the large export trade we have. The gentleman from until July 1, 1906, and I am in favor of that amendment. Minnesota [Mr. STEVENS] referred to the fact that while we The gentleman from :Minnesota [Mr. STEVENS] in the course of might give American ships the monopoly of trade between this his remarks took occasion to say that in the extension of the country and the Philippine Islands they could not abuse it, be coastwise laws of the United States to the Philippine Archipelago cause he said that foreign boats would carry hemp to Liverpool we were pursuing our historical policy in relation to the Ameri and English ports, or other ports, and bring it into this country, can merchant marine. If I have studied history aright, Mr. and that therefore there was no danger of an abuse of that power. Speaker, we violate in the application of the coastwise laws to Is that true? Hemp is the chief article of import to this country the Philippine trade every precedent in our entire history. There is from the Philippine .Archipelago. not up to date a single instance where we have applied the coast The cordage people, the importers to this countrv, have an ad wise laws to a single foot of our territory upon whose commerce vantage over foreign hemp dealers of $7.50 a ton, "and our local we imposed a substantial customs tariff-not a single instance. marine might charge $4 a ton extra in freight and still give our The precedents cited are not in point at all. Before we applied cordage people an advantage of $3.50 a ton. There is absolutely the coastwise laws to Hawaii, Hawaii had free ports in this coun no protection. It is our duty to consider the interests of the peo try. Before we applied the coastwise laws to Porto Rico, she ple of the islands as well as the cordage combination and the likewise had free ports in this country. Philippine commerce is shipbuilders and shipowners. We should encourage rather than to-day taxed 75 per cent of the Dingley rates; and it is the judg retard Philippine trade, and we can not do so by adding to its ment of the Philippine Commission that if the coastwise laws burdens. I am opposed to the extension of our navigation laws shall be extended under present conditions to the Philippine trade, until the tariff rates on Philippine trade are materially reduced. it would practically destroy the commerce between this country [Here the hammer fell.] and the archipelago. That is the judgment, I understand, of the Mr. BIRDSALL. Mr. Speaker, in the ten minutes remaining Philippine Commission as -expressed by Judge Taft on repeated to me I desire to refer briefly to the questions involved in this occasions. He is in favor of this bill because it postpones for a bill.· y~ar longer t~e day when the coastwise laws shall become opera Some question has been raised as to the position of the Secretary tive. He would like it better, I have no doubt, if we should extend of War, the former civil governor of the Philippine Islands, upon the term two or three or four years longer than is now proposed. this matter, and I desire to call attention to his testimony taken I understand his proposition to be this: That if the operation of before the committee upon that subject. He seemed to be in the navigation laws shall be postponed for one year further, there si.itent that the coastwise laws of the United States should not be will be in the meantime an attempt made-possibly a successful made applicable to the Philippine Islands until there was a con attempt-to .either repeal the tariff rates upon. Philippine com dition practically of free trade between the Archipelago and the merce or to reduce them to 25 per cent of the Dmgley rates. United States. - Mr. SPIGHT. Does the gentleman understand that Governor Mr. LITTLEFIELD. What page of the hearing are you going Taft only agreed to approve the present bill with the under to read from? standing that in the meantime there would be a material reduc Mr. BIRDSALL. Page 93. In answer to the following ques tion in the Dingley rates? tion propounded to SQcretary Taft: Mr. CRUMPACKER. I understand that to be his position. It is not probable that any law limiting the oceanic trade between the • It is that the coastwise laws ought not to be extended to the United States and the Philippines to .d.merican vessels would increase the Philippine Islands until there is practical free trade with those trade between the United States and the Philippines without a. reduction of islands. But in view of the fact that in the absence of legislation tariff? the coastwise laws will attach on the 1st of next July, he favors Secretary Taft replie.d: this bill because it gives a longer postponement and an additional No, sir; it is very certain-! say it is very certain, in my judgment-that opportunity to secure the repeal of the tariff laws or a material the adoption of a.Ia.w like this would practically destroy all the trade there is between the United States and the Philippine Islands, except the hemp reduction of them. That I understand to be Judge Taft's position trade, which would have the ad>antage of $7.iD in rebate. I am speaking of on the question. the conditions of the coastwise laws a.nd the application of the coastwise la. ws Now, the application of the coastwise laws to the Philippine to the trans-Pacific trade. The trade is now something like $4,000, This merchandise was imported iflto the following cnstoms districts: the burden cast upon the consumer. Indeed, it has been one of the arguments .used by the shipowners in favor of this bill that the price to the producer in the Philippine Islands would not be affected· that the manufactm·ers of 1902. 1900. cordage and binding twine would not be affected, because they could add the increased cost of transportation to the cost of the manufacture and increase by so much the cost to the consumer, thns securing their usual profit. Baltimore~,Md ---·-----···--··-·------····--·- $123 $87 The net result of this reasoning, the conclnsions to be drawn from which Boston ana Charlestown, 3,340,3i3 2,226,042 are irresistible, is that the "man with the hoe" mnst bear the burden of fur· Mass------·-· Dishing profitable employment to the shipping indnstry of the cotrntry. The great per cent of binding twine used in the country is made from sisal ~r:~;~~~-==::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ====~:i~:ti6= 4.~.~ grass imported from Mexico, but the production is not sufficient to supply Norfolk and Portsmouth. •.... ---·------14 all the twine needed\ and about 240,00) bales of manila. hemp are annually Philadelphia •••• ------______199 •••••• ______manufactured into bmding twine to supply the deficiency. In consequence of this fact the price of all binding twine is ruled 1--y the pric~ of manila Hawaii------············-----·------·····-······· 1,051 5,683 hemp, and an -advance in the cost of that article means an additional burden upon every farmer throughout the country who uses bin din&" twine. ~~!~:-::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: .···-· 006~5~- -····· -~:~ We do not believe it is a wise policy to build up a ~ecial mdustry in this Willamette, Oreg --·· ..••••••••.••• --·--·-··------·- 140,183 - 131,611 country at the expense of another indnstry upon which the bUl'den of gov ernment is now so heavily cast. Nor do we believe that it is a wise policy to treat our island possessiOns as legitimate :prey for commercial piracy. If our merchant marine can not be fostered many other manner, it deserves to fail. As we have seen, the principal import from the Philippines is manila hemp, ~~~j;;~;;;;;:::n!I!!!!!!!!!t!i!!!!!! =~~~:::::~::~ ~:, used in the manufacture of cordage and binding twine. The districts of St. Joseph, Mo.---·· ••.• ------••.•••.... ------·-····24 manufacture may be approximately stated as follows: On the Pacific coast, St. Louis, Mo .•....•...• ------·-...•••••••••.••.••...• ------·------1,217 5 per cent; in Chicago and adjacent territory, 20 per cent, and on the Atlantic coast, 75 per cent. It is cla.imed, and we believe with good reason, that the enactment of the pending bill and the resultant increase in freight rates It will be seen that the great proportion of the imports was manila hemp, would operate to the material disadvantage of the cordage manufacturers of this item alone constituth:ig 00 per cent of the total imports. the Atlantic coast. Upon this subject the facts ca.n be tersely stated. Prior to March, 190'2 the world's market for manila hemp was in London. Our imports from the Philippines under the system of duties which we im It has been transfeiTed. under the operation of the act of COngress of March pose are almost confined to manila hemp, which is imported free of duty and 8, 1902, to the United States, which now controls the world's market on the exempt from an export tax imposed upon that going to other countries. Un article. By that act a rebate of three-eighths of 1 cent per pound was der this discrimination, in regard to the export tax!. the hemp trade has been allowed American importers on hemp shipped direct from the Philippines. largely transferred to this country direct instead or bein~ carried by way Qf This amounted in effect to offset the export duty levied in the Philippines of England, and by dint of low freights our corda.ge and twine makers are able $7.40 per ton. to supply the count}"Y. and to export their product. In 1001 the imports of hemp direct from the Philippines amounted to Itistheirplea,andltseemstobeirrefutable,thattoJrlvetoAmericanvessels 158,770 bales1 and the imports for the same year from Great Britain to the the monopoly they ask for would of necessity so raisetlie cost of transportation United States amounted to 225,414 bales. Iri. 1902 the imports direct were as seriously to ~ure, if not to destroy their business on the Atlantic coast. 005,790 bales a.nd the imports from Great Britain, 112,557 bales. In urn the The only competition would be by the Pacific route and across the continent imports direct were 526,984 bales and the imports from Great Britain, 13,186 by rail, and on that a rate has already been made with which the American bales. ships could in all probability not successfully compete on the Atlantic and The current rate of freight from Manila to Boston or New York during by way of the Suez. If continued, while cheaper rates by Suez and Atlantic the year 1903 has been on the average 45 cents per hundred pounds, or $9 per were removed, it would be calculated to draw the cordage manufacturing to ton. This rate, with the 1·ebate of three-eighths of a cent per pound-prac the West, while so increasing its cost as to curtail it materially. Relieved tically equivalent to the export duty levied in the Philippines-. has enabled from foreign competition,~ the Pacific as well as Atlantic rates would be in the United States to control the world's market in manila. hemp. The Cana creased. The increased ueight charges would more than offset the rebate dian government has passed a bill authorizin~ the payment of a bounty to of the export tax and send the hemp trade that has been coming to New York any corporation, firm, etc., manufacturing bfiming twine in Canada., such and Boston back to London. The material would in that case be shipped· bounty to be equal to the amount paid as export duty in the Philippine from Manila and Oebu to Europe in foreign vessels, and such as we used here Islands on manila fiber produced in those islands and nsed in.. the manufac would be bought in London and shipped here in foreign vessels. ture of binding twine in Canada, providing the bounty shall not exeeed three But, however American industries may be affected by the intended legis eighths of 1 cent per pound on manila. fiber. This places the Canadian im lation, we believe the controllin~ question should be the consideration of the porter upon practically the same footing as theAmericanand will enable the Philippines themselves. Anything else implies a cold-blooded indifference manufacturers of that country to enter our market as seller of binding twine to their well-being and their relation to our Government. Their productions .the moment the market here will afford them any advantage in so doing. being tropical, their development depends upon foreign trade. An increase The desire of the American shipowner to secure this monopoly of the Phil in their production means an increase in snrplns for exportation, for which ippine trade rests in the prospect of an increase in freight rates over existing they mnst take products of other countries. As we have already stated, rates, with which it is claimed they can not now compete. nothing affects tlie course of forei~ trade to increase or diminish its volume Upon the hearing before the committee a representative of ship interests or change the course of its direction so much as the cost of transportation was questioned in regard to the probable increase in freight rates and stated and exchange. If the rate of transportation be increased to this country, it there must be at 1~ $3 per ton immediate advance over present rates, but will tend strongly to repress the trade and discourage any American in refnsed to bind the shipping interest or even those he had authority to act fluence in develo:pin,g the islands. The inevitable result, in our opinion, will for to contract at that rate. We believe that we are safe in assuming that the be to confine then- mdnstries, and internal trade and foreign commerce as rate will be increased considerably beyond $3 per ton to all Atlantic ports, well, in the hands of Europeans, who virtually control them now. and at least to a point equal to the rate now made by way of the Pacific coast We believe a broad and hoeral policy should prevail; that commerce should and transcontinental railways to Chicago which is 75 cents per ton. be as free and unrestricted as possible between the islands and the United That we may expect shipowners to make the best of their bargain is dem States, now the parent Governmenth·that as soon as practicable the burdens onstrated in the statement made before the committee by Mr. Luckenbach, of our tariff should be made aslig t as possible upon the products of the one of their number in response to the following queries: islands. Such a policy will, in our judgment, tend to the upbuilding of our "Mr. BIRDSALL. You in the shipping business anticipate an increase in the dependency, to its advantage and our own benefit. It wm tend to cement cnrrent rate of freight to your advantage if these coastwise laws are ex the bond which Governor Taft and the Commission have studiously culti tmlded, do you notJ vated. Any other policy, and especially such as is contemplated in this bill, "Mr. LUCKENBACH. Yes, sir. will amount to a sacrifice of duty toward our helpless dependency. We be "Mr. BIRDSALL. Can you give me any idea of the percentage of that in lieve the judgment and opinion of those men who are now and have been crease? upon the ground and in touch with affairs should have great force in deter "Mr. LUOKENBA.CB. No, sir; I can not do that. There are a good many mining the question involved, and beg to call attention thereto. conditions there to be considered. We have got to fignre against almost 6 We quote the following extract from the second special report of Mr. Mor tons of vessels offering for every ton of merchandise. The competition will gan Shnster, collector of customs for the Philippine Islands, for the period be very great. I do not anticipate much of an advance. ending October 8 1903. He says: "Mr. BmDSA.LL. Where is the compensating advantage to you in this law? "Iri seeking a basis for immediate legislation by Congress on this subject ''Mr. LUOKENll.A.CB. There will not be any very great advance. it may be safely premised that no course should be ado~ted which will ;place "Mr. BIRDSALL. Who pays that advance? any additional burden in the way of freight on Philippme products shipped "Mr. LUCKENBACH. I think that comes out of the consumer. either loca.Ily or to the mainland teiTitory for some ¥ears to come. For a "Mr. BIRDsALL. But you can not give me any idea of what this percentage similar reason no law should be passed which will appreciably increase the of increase will be? freight rates from the mainland territory to these islands. Cheap and ade "Mr. LUCKEN:BA.OH. No, sir; we will have to meet American competition. quate tra~rtation between the m.ainland territory and these islands and ''Mr. BIRDSALL. It-will de:pend entirely on the competition? between Philippine ports is vitally necessary to succeSsful development here. -"Mr. LUOKENBA.CB. Yest SU"; among American vessels. · At the present time the greater part of the freight traffic between the Phil "Mr. MARVIN. I would like to ask yon, Mr.Luckenbach, whether, besides ippines and New York is carried on in foreign bottoms. So far as indications the possible incTease in freight rates, it is not an advantage that you are go, any law which prevented the continuance of that trade in foreign bot guaranteed a certain employment. The point was made here yesterday by toms until an equal tonnage _of cheaply operated American freigbters are ac other shipowners that what they valued most was not higher rates, but em tually available to take up that trade and maintain healthy rate e been deprived of markets which were of great assist manila fiber). shall be monopolized by the American vessel owners. ance to them, and it seems only fair and just that the United States should We prohibit the Filipino vessel owner from carrying the prod substitute its own markets for the Spanish markets. ucts-of his own industry, of his own country, to our shores. No That was the condition in 1902. Civil Governor William H. such enormity has been proposed by the legislation of any govern Taft, chairman of the commission, furnishes in a separate re ing country since the days of the American Revolution. port the following facts touching the depths of the industrial de This bill is in effect a ship-subsidy measure. except that instead pression for which relief was prayed: War and pestilence had of paying the subsidy out -of the United States Treasury it is destroyed 90 per cent of the carabaos, the draft animals of the taken in part from the-Philippine treasury and in part to be borne islands, with which agriculture, and rice culture in particular by the American co~umer. was conducted. The rice acreage was therefore reduced 75 pe; Had this bill provided a direct subsidy to American vessel own cent, and a people who at one time produced rice enough for ers, I doubt very much-whether the Republican leaders would their own food consumption, and more, were ''compelled to have ventured to bring-it forward just before the Presidential spend about $15,000,000 to buy food with which to live." The election. The olber subsi-dy propositions, we have been informed, price rose from S4 to $7 a picul of 137t pounds. In the -footsteps are to rest until the short sessio_n of Congress. of war cholera swept the islands, with a record of 100.000 deaths. But I want to embrace this opportunity to reiterate my oft Whole villages and agricultural districts were depopulated by expressed conviction that there is no justification for any-form of cholera, smallpox, the bubonic plaglie, and beriberi, and agri ship subsidies, at least so long as we pursue our present policy of culture and business were demoralized. With agriculture, the trade restriction. If I have heard it once, I have heard it a score only industry, prostrated, ladronism was a -powerful temptation of times from the lips of Republican members on this floor during in order to escape famine. Said Governor Taft: the present session that every importation of foreign products or It is not certain whether in the present depressed state of agriculture.. ~th the te~P.tations to ladl·~nism, the constabulary will be able without the foreign goods, although taken in exchange for our own products, rud of the military to stamp It out. Were there any attractions to agricul is a misfortune and a calamity. turet were there prosperous conditions in the country, it would not be a One may well ask if it be a national misfortune for a vessel to trouolesome matter to ·deal with; but when want and famine ate staring pecp~e in the face the life of the freebooter offers to the desperate and the bring a cargo of foreign products or of foreign goods to our shores weak a very great attraction. t'J be exchanged for our own productions. Then, why tax the peo ple by subsidies to invite misfortune? Upon what" stand-pat" Finally Congress was importuned for $3,000,000 with which to principle can you justify a policy that, if it effects any result, it cope with pestilence and famine, while bond issues were resorted will be to put more- vessels in commission and to bring more for to for internal improvements. eign products and more foreign goods? How can our Republican The commission now comes forward with its fourth annual re friends escape the inconsistency of advocating more vessels and port, detailing conditions in 1903 and praying Congress for the more-cargoes when they deprecate as a national calamity every fourth time for tariff relief. In its recommendations to Congress cargo that is landed? Do they intend paying subsidies for carry under date of December 23, 1903. it places tariff reduction as th~ ing ballast? Their position makes logical the generous solicitude first requisite in the bill of relief measures. The commission be of the fond mother in the song of our boyhood days: gins its statement to Congress as follows: The commission therefore has the honor to recommend that Congress be Mother, may I go out to swim? requested to enact legislation as follows: Yes, my darling daughter. First. Legislation which shall reduce the tariff on sugar and tobacco im Hang ~our clothes on a hickory limb, ported from the Philippine Islands to not more than 25 per cent of the pres But don't go near the water. ent1:>ingley rates on tobacco and sugar imported from foreign countries. If we want to make it profitable for American ships to engage Discussing the agricultural conditions and the necessity for in the Philippine trade, let us give them work U, do; let us give tariff relief, the commission says, on page 4: them cargoes to carry. We could well use the Philippine sugar, The conditions with respect to sugar and tobacco continue to be very un tobacco, and other products against which we now maintain an favorable, and the arguments in favor of a reduction of the Dingley tariff insurmountable tariff wall. upon these articles to 25 per cent of the rates of that tariff on sugar and to If we owed obligations of duty to Cuba, we owe such obliga b:~cco from the Philippin ~ s grow stronger instead of weaker. tions in an infinitely greater degree to the Filipinos. While In taking up the subject of the coastwise trade the commission 4458 GONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. APRIL 7, protests against the application of the coastwise-trade law of the McGregor, United States Army, re1ating to an investigation of United States to the Philippines on the ground that to give a mo labor conditions, the following statement: nopoly of the carrying trade to American bottoms will increase At present, considerin~ wage and efficiency, work costs about :roper cent the carrying rates, already too high; but if Congress is bent on to 25 per cent more than m the United Stat€'s. - applying the coastwise-trade law the commission falls back on How completely we have removed from the Filipino his Spanish tariff concessions, and demands as a consideration for this" nec sugar market is shown in the fact that in 1900 not a pound of essary increase of freight rates" that Congress shall "strike down Filipino sugar found a market in Spain, while in 1901 the exports the tariff wall made by the Dingley tariff in the matter of the to Spain were just 149 pounds, valued at $12. Were "it notforthe importation of sugar and tobacco from the islands to the main more liberal treatment and welcome markets of Great Britain, land.'' Hongkong, China, and Japan~ our sugar planters in the Philippines In this connection the commission says (page 8): would have no market for their sugar. Of 163,000,000 pounds The commission, of course, can not presentanyobjection to legislation which exported in 1900, over 58,000,000 went to Hongkong, 52,000,000 to shall unite more closely the Philif'pine Islands with the United States in bonds Japan, nearly 80,000,000 to Great Britain, 16,000,000 to China, of amity and mutually beneticia business relations, but it most urgently and and even 6,DOO,OOO to Egypt; whereas just 311,782 pounds got over earnestly invit-es your attention, and that of Congress, to the great injustice which will be done to the islands if the law which limits the means of com the bristling Dingley tariff wall of 80 per cent ad valorem into munication to American bottoms between the United States and the Philip the United States. pine Islands does not at the same time and as a consideration for this inter Refusing to admit from the Philippine farms the sugar product, ference with the natural laws of trade and the necessary increase of freight rates strike dow:n the tariff wall made by the Dingley tariff in the matter of we are unable to market in the Philppines our breadstuffs, pro the importation of sugar and tobacco from the ~landS to the mainland. The visions, hardware, machinery, clothing, and dry goods. We have people of the islands may well~ "What advantag:e are we to get out of not only done what we could to destroy the planter's ability to association with the United States m a business way if our trade is to bensed o:nl¥ for the purpose of increasing the business of American ships. while the buy, but we have so completely alienated him that he has no de limit..'ltion of the cos. twise laws, by increasing the freight rates, will reduce sire to trade with us. Governor Taft states on this last point the business that we now have with that country?" that the trade of American merchants in the islands is confined Does not every consideration of justice r~m..re that if the Philippine Is lands are to be treated as a part of the United ~States and subject to the coast almost exclusively to the Army and the handful of American civil wise laws they should enjoy the same freedom of trade with the United ians, whereas the foreign merchant has the entire Filipino trade. States which is enjoyed by every other part of the United States to whicll The number of Americans upon whom the American merchants those coastwise laws are made applicable? We respectfully urge, therefore, that as a condition and as a consideration can rely he estimates at not more than 20,000, whereas the'' num for making the trade between the islands and the United States coastwise ber of Filipinos whose trade might make a most lucrative busi trade the duty on sugar and tobacco should be reduced to not more than 25 ness in these islands is 7,000,000," and this trade goes to foreigners. per cent of the Dingley rates. Says Governor Taft, page 50 of the report, in regard to the re The disaster that has befallen the sugar industry of the Philip lations between the American merchant and the Filipino con pine Islands during American occupancy is shown in the fact that sumers: during the last six years of Spanish rule the exports of Philippine The sale of cott~n goods is almost wholly with the English houses to-day. The handling of hemp, which is the largest export of these islands, is almost sugar averaged more than 500,000,000 pounds per annum, as com wholly contined to foreign houses. There is not the slightest reason why pared with an average of 120,000,000 pounds during five years of this business should not be done largely by Americans, e~ia.lly in view of American rule, a shrinkage of over three-fourths. In 1893, under the fact that the United Statesisthelargest purchaser of liemp in the world. It requires the investment of a very considerable capital\ the construction of Spanish rule, the exports reached the high mark of 585,800,000 warehouses in the various hemp provinces, and the establishment of friendly pounds; while in 1901 they were shrunken to 77,000,000. relations with the hemp growers and buyers in each province. The Amen During the past year there was some increase in volume, but can business man in the islands has really, up to this time, done very little to make or influence trade. He has kept close to the American patrona~e and Governor Taft states that, far from this being an index of increas has not extended his efforts to an expansion of trade among the Filipinos. ing prosperity," the planters are more deeply in debt at the close Until this is done andmoreA.mericancapital is brought here for the purpose of the 1903 season than at any previous time in their history." we can not hope that the imports from the United States to the islandS Will Bad as was the condition immediately after the close of the be increased in very large proportion. Spanish-American war, it is apparent from the picture drawn Such is the picture drawn by Iead.ing Republican officials of the by Governor Taft and the Philippine Commission that the con commercial and industrial conditions brought about under Repub dition of the sugar and tobacco planters under American rule lican rule, and in a large measure the result of Republican parti and Dingley tariff· walls has been yearly growing worse. Says san policies. Is the prospect any better for the future under the Governor Taft, on pages 53 and 54 of the recent report: regime of" stand patism? '~ The planters have been steadily losing ground since 1899, and have only The only gratifying feature of our recent Philippine discussions, been encouraged to continue the operation of their estates by the hope each to my mind, is the fact that our Republican friends are more and year that their products would be admitted to the markets of the United more eliminating hypocritical references to destiny and the dis States at a much more favorable rate of duty than is now imposed. The charge of Christian duty in their consideration of pending meas shipments to the United States have been very small; 71,000,000 ~>_ounds of sugar were exported last year in vessels which cleared for the Delaware ures. They now justify their Philippine regime-for it can hardly Breakwater "for orders." be said that they have formulated any policy, if-they have, they A very small proportion of this was shipped into the United States, the refrain from disclosing it-on the score of necessity to maintain J.nr~e1• portion being CS.ITied into Canada or England, and all the sugar en termg the United States, except one cargo which was allowed to enter free our prestige in the Far East, and for the profit that will inure to during the brief period when there was no import tax on imports from the our commerce. Philippine IslandS, resulted in a heavy loss to the shippers. The islands of Panay and N egros are among the most thickly :populated, and the inhabit On the score of profit much might be said. In addition to the ants and business interests depend directly or mdirectly upon the sugar original cost of the investment, which is conservatively estimated industry, which is at this time in an exceedingly precarious condition, and at 5500,000,000, we have an annual charge on the Treasury of up unless something is done by Congress to relieve the situation there must be a ward of $50,000,000 on account of Philippine expenditures direct total industrial colln.p~ in those provinces. Were there admitted to the United States three or four hundred thousand and indirect. And what have we to show on the other side of the tons-and there is no likelihood that in the near future the exportB of sugar ledger for this terrible drain upon our wealth and industry? from the islands to the United States will reach any·such sum-it would not have a.ny: effect upon the price of sugar in the United States, but it would We have some twenty millions of commerce, four millions of greatly increase the prosperity of the two important provinces named. exports in round numbers, largely for the use of our Government Su~r is also raised in Pampanga, Ca. vite, and Laguna, but not so successfully officials and employees; some fifteen millions of imports, princi as i.Il' N egros a.nd Panay. The conditions prevailing in the islands of N egros pally manila fiber. Our statistics show by comparison that we and Panay are typical of those throughout the islands. The growth of sugar in Formosa is apt to interfere very largely with the sugar trade of Japan, would probably have had this or a larger trade had the Philip which already is hn.mpered by a heavy duty. pines remained Spanish; certainly if we had permitted and con TOBACCO. served their independence. The falling off in the production of leaf tobacco has already been alluded The questions which now confront us are not the wisdom or un to, a well as the causes for the same. I can not too strongly urge the neces wisdom of past action, but how we, charged with the present sity for the reduction of the Dingley tariff in its application to goods im ported from the PhiliPJ?ine Islands to 25 per cent of the rates therein imposed. responsibility of administering public affairs, can best alleviate I am contident that ne1ther in the sugar market nor in the tobacco market the intolerable conditions that exist, retrieve the errors of the will the effect of the amount to be introduced be materially injurious to any past as far as may be, and inaugurate a policy that will redound interest in the United States. while at the same time it will be of the greatest importance to the prosperity of the islands, and will be a most convincing to the credit of our own people and to the benefit of the Filipinos. argument with the J?OOple of the archiJ)elago to show the real interest that To me it ·seems that this can be accomplished, not by imposing the people of the Umted States feel in the welfare of the Filipino people. further shackles to trade, but by removing the barriers which When the United States is compelled to import from th;ee now prevent that commercial intercourse which, to my mind, fourths to four-fifths of its sugar consumption-something like presents the only hope for the amelioration of present conditions. 2,000,000 tons a year-it is strange, indeed, that it can not permit As to the Democratic side of this House, I need hardly say that even 10 per cent of those imports to be furnished by its own col we stand ready by voice and vote to further any proposition ony to keep the latter from ruin and famine. brought forward by the majority for fm·thering friendly inter As to the fear of competition, because of a possible low cost of course between the Philippine people and om· own. You have labor in the Philippines, we find on page 176 of the 1902 report of tried the methods of war-repression-and now you propose mo the commission,_in the testimony of Captain of Engineers Robert nopoly. We ask yon to give the instrumentalities of peace and 1904. OONGRESSION AL RECORD-HOUSE. 4459 good will a. trial These a-re my individual views, and i repea-t that Opei'ation between the Philippines and the Unit.ed States on the I believe them in accord with the m€mbership of this sid.e of the 1st day of July, 1904. Now, whether that is so or not, whether House. • that will turn out to be the fact or not- Instead of granting the tariff relief which wolild revive Philip- Mr. WILLIA:M:S.of Mississi_ppi Mr. 'Speaker- pine industry and extend the market for our own products, it is Mr. LITTLEFIELD. Does the gentleman from Mississippi the delibe1·ate aim of this bill to further hamper the trade and to wish to ask a. question? impose additional burdens upon the two peoples. Congre~s last Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi. Yei. The gentleman has said year voted $3,000,000 with which to save the victims of our tariff truthfully that he and I, with many others, contended that the policy from famine ,. ladronism~ and starvation. Three millions Constitution and laws passed in pursuance thereof followed the moie are now asked for to relieve industrial distress during the flag. I concur with him still that that contention was right, but present year. Congress is asked to vote a bond issue of $5,000,000 I supp_ose the gentleman will ·adm:it that the Su:preme Court has with which to undertake internal improvements for the relief of by some sort of an authority changed the Constitution by con- the Philippine people. struction-hewill admit that in this particular it has changed it. When Governor Taft frankly tellB us, " Of course if the Ding- Mr. LITTLEFIELD. I was just going on to explain that legal ley tariff were reduced and an impetus given to the bnsinBss in situation. I am not unmindful of recent history, and especially the islands by the increased production of sugar and tobacco and in relation to the Supreme Court of the United States. It is en other sales in the United States, the increase in the revenues tirely true, Mr. Speaker-- would probably keep pace with the increase in expenditures," Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi I want to ask the gentleman then why do we deny such relief? Why do we burden the Filiw if it be true that the Constitution puts the coastwise laws into pino with monopoly :instead of extending him the means of self- effect without any statute of Congress, notwithstanding the Su help? I know you are determined to '"stand pat." You may preme Court passing llJlOn cognate questions? If that be true, ease your conscience by occasional charity from the National then how could an act of the Oongress of the United States sus Treasury, but sooner or later the good people of the United tain that, even if yon should -pass it? States will repudiate the policy that imposes intolerable burdens Mr. LITTLEFIELD. I have not said it was true, the Supreme upon us and tends to perpetuate a condition of pauperism and Court of the United States notwithstanding, and if the gentleman crime in the unfortunate islands. will wait and listen to me, perhaps he WJ."ll nut be disturbed. The Mr. LITTLEFIELD. I want to say, further, in relation to the Supreme Court by a majority of one, with discordant reasons apprehension entertained, and no doubt honestly entertained, by givBn therefor, have agreed that the contentiun made by the other the distinguished gentleman who has just taken his seat-I refer side, of which I was one, was not legally sound. If my friends to the gentleman from :Minnesota, not to the gentleman from Ten- on the other side still believe their contention, they are driven nessee-thatlris conception of the increase of the rate of freight into a position where they are bound to legislate upon that by that this bill is likely to prodnee is about as well founded -as his pothesis~ because it was 'Only a maJority of one, and I take it that apparent idea of the whole operation of this bill. Now, he says no man can tell what the 'Supreme Court may hereafter say upon that he thinks it will result in $2 a hundred freight. The present a :proposition involving similar considerations. freight is only 45 cents a hundred, and upon his theory, the rate Now, then, the W.a:r Department or their law officer practically now being $9 a ton, he would have an inerease of about $33 a ton. holds that, in their judgment, the coastwise laws will be in opera- Yr. LIND. The gentleman is in -error, if he will permit an tion Jriiy 1, 1904>. I agree with my friend from Michigan that interruption. • the .case .of Hnus v. The N-ew York Steamship Oompany does :Mr. LITTLEFIELD. Oh, certainly. not hold by any means that the coastwise laws are ex propria Mr. LIND. I said from Manila to Stillwater, Minn., in the vigore -operative to-day between the Philippine Islands and the center of the continent. United 'States outside of the ex-ception of this legislation. On the Mr. LITTLEFIE.LD. Well, it is all the same. You said the contrary, I agree with 1rlm that the fair intendment of tha~de increasewouldbeadollarahnndred; thatiswhatyousa.id. That cision is the other way, because itis based on the Porto Rican would be $20 a ton, and the rate now from the Philippines to this statute and does not intimate what-the court would hold without country is only $9; but I will not stop to analyze. a statute, and the whole question is largely in doubt. The War Mr. LIND: Will you permit anotber inten-uption! Department has said that as far -as the interisland trade is con- Yr. LITTLEFIELD. YBs, sir. cerned-not the trade between the United States and the Philip- Yr. LIND. I will reduce that statement. I do not think that pines, but -as far as the interisland trade is concerned-we have the rate will increase more than tne present bonus to the cordage not to-day snfficient American ships to take care of it. trust, which is $7.60 a ton. Every man who is well informed concedes that there is suffi- Mr. LITTLEFIELD. That is a shrinkage of about 75 per cent cient A.Ioorican shipping to takB -care of the trade between the in the gentleman's proposition. Now, if he will pare down his Philippines and the United States. Now, that is the next ques whole proposition 75 per cent his opi>Osition to this bill will prac- tion I .am going to discuss. I think the gentleman from Iowa. tically disappear. . {Mr. BmDSALL] is in error in his minority views when he says Mr. GROSVENOR. Point out that th.e cordaoooe trust is here that when this proviso was adopted in the bill that passed this fighting this bill. • House in 1902, providing that the coastwise laws should not go Mr. LITTLEFIELD. Certa)nly. into operation until July 1, 1'904, the shipping interests promised Mr. LUCKING. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? there would be sufficient shipping .and sufficient tonnage to take Mr. LITTLEFIELD. The gentleman will have to excuse me. care of this trade, because the shipping interests then contended_ After I have made a statement I will give the gentleman oppor- and then knew, as they conteud now and now know, that there was tunity to put questions. sufficient tonnage under the American flag to take care of that Mr. LUCKING. It is just on that proposition. trade, notwithstanding the fact thatunderexisting-conditionsthe Mr. LITTLEFIELD. I want to say that the only opposition Ameriean merchant marine has been driven from the foTeign made to this bill before the committee-and made on the floor of carrying trade of the world, and at this moment is in a greater this House now by Representatives who represent the interest- condition of decadence and distress than at any other time during was made before the committee by the cordage trust and by peo- the history of this Republic. ple from Hawaii. That is the only ·opposition that appeared be- One huqdred thousand tonnage of -vessels to-day are lying in fore the committee. I will have a little further to say about the San FranciSco Harbor, and have been for three or four months, cordage organization if I have the time in the course of debate. because they can not get profitable employment. There a1·e two In the first place I want to say som~thing about the occasion for steel ships manufactured upon the Great Lakes, the Minnetonka this legislation. There is an assumption upon the part of many and the Minnewaska, according to the evidence before this com who have investigated this question that the coastwise ~aws be- mittee, that were shipped down in two parts and put together come operative on the 1st of .Tuly, 1904, unless there is some af- when they reached salt water to engage in salt--water trade, that firmative legislation to the contrary. Now, I call the attention have been lying in Brooklyn from last June until now. They of my distinguished confreres on this committee to this fact that have a carrying capacity of about 7,()00 tons each and represent that assumption proceeds upon well-known and well-undBrstood an investment of $800,000 capital. And why? Because under ex- democratic lBgal propositions. • isting conditions, on account of the excessive investment required + I have been in this House something like four years, and if I in building American bottoms under the American flag and the have heard any one thing in this House iterated and reite~ated greater expense of operation, they can not compete to ad\"antage from the beginning until now it is this, that the Constitution and with foreign bottoms, especially when on the Pacific coast thBy the laws passed pursuant thereof follow the flag. Now, I have have the JaJ>anese subsidies; and upon all coasts, Pacific and heard that time out of mind, and I assume my distinguished Atlantic, the French ships have the French sudsidies and the friends believe that proposition when they assert it and are sin- English transportation lines, taking care of their mail' facilities, cere in that belief. I stood with them on that, and I believe it have afforded to them subsidies. This is the practical condition n<>w, so far as I am concerned. If the Constitution and the laws of our merchant marine to-day. passed in pursuance thereof are operative wherever the flag floats Mr. GAINES of Tennessee rose. and our juris.diction extends, the coastwise laws will go into Mr. LITTLEFIELD. Oh, I can not yield now. I shall not dis· 4460 · CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. APRIL 7, . cuss the subject from the standpoint of a lobby, a.s referred to by Forty vessels with a net-register tonnage of 97,589 tons, or, as the the gentleman from :Michigan [Mr. LUCKING], because I would imports from the Philippines during the last year were only about make it very uncomfortable and disagreeable for some people 63,000 tons, enough to tak;e all that trade and 50 per cent more in who are interested in this legislation one way or the other if I one voyage, and these vessels are capable of making two voyages undertook to discuss thi.s from the basis of a Mbby, and I know each. In addition we have possibly available for Philippine trade: what I am talking about. The American merchant marine comes here and asks this House to pass this bill for the purpose of en Dead- N t Name. weight !" reg- Owners. couraging that interest and aiding in its upbuilding. I desire capacity. lSter. here to call attention to this fact, that in 1902 I was cooperating with my distinguished friend the chairman of the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, the gentleman from Ohio [1\ir. Tons. Tons. AlaskanTexan ...... ______------_ 12,000 5,686 American-Hawaiian Steamship Co. GROSVENOR], when this amendrilent was adopted by the Ways 12,000 5,621 Do. Arizonan ------12,000 5,621 Do. and Means Committee and became a part of the bill afterwards 8,500 8,643 Do. passed by this House-coopera~ing with him then for the purpose ~;~lf:g::::::::::::: 8,500 3,651 Do. of seeing whether or not we could have the coastwise laws extended Oregonian------ 8,500 8,651 Do. Californian------ 8,500 8,716 Do. to that time. Nebraskan ...... ------6,000 2,82i Do. The distinguished gentleman from Indiana [Mr. CRUMPACKER] Nevadan ______------6, Bt~iling ships· of wood, under !5 years old, available for Philippine trade, At and conditions. He did not seem to comprehend the distinction lantic or Pacific oceans-Continued. between the depth of the vessel and its draft. When I cross examined him, what did I learn? That he knew absolutely noth Dead- N t · Name. weightca- e regiS- ing about the vessels or about their draft when loaded, and pacity. ter. nothing about their chara-Cter and capacity. He simply stood there and read a statement prepared for him by a distinguished Tons. Tons. representative of the cordage manufacturers-! will not say Pactolus. ______-----. ··---_------.------2, 9(X) 1,585 '' cordage trust,'' but Cordage Association-'' social organization.'' S. IY.Carleton ...... ------.....• ------·-·- a,lOO l, 788 That is all the testimony there was before the Committee on S. P. Hitchcock .....• ------•..... ------··------a, 400 2,178 St. Frances. ____ .------...... ------.•...• ------a, 2(X) 1, 890 Merchant Marine and Fisheries to negative the proposition that St. James ____ ...• ------.----- _... ----.------2,500 1, 4.88 Servia ______------____ ------____ 3,100 1, 773 hundreds of thousands of tons of vessels are now in exjstence, Tacoma ______... ------•... ------3,100 1, 739 many of them engaged at unprofitable rates and many of them W. F. Babcock ..•• ------·-····------··· 3,600 2,029 entirely unengaged, ready to go into business that may offer in Wm. H. MacY------8,30) 2,092 connection with this trade at rates that will show a remuneration · Wm. H. Smith.·-·------3,200 1,908 1----1---- that will justify their employment. Total ....•....•...•.....•..... ------ll8,iro 69,759 Mr. SULLIVAN of Massachusetts. Does not the gentleman admit that the Philippine trade will not employ the tonnage now Schooners of wood, under 7 years old, of 8,000 tons capacity and over, available idle? for Philippine trade, Atlantic or Pacific Ocean. Mr. LITTLEFIELD. "The gentleman" admits that may be so under existing conditions, with the competition of French sub Dead N t . sidized ships that are subsidized according to the number of miles Name. weight ca- e regiS- pacity. ter. that they sail, whether they carry a cargo or not, and with the ships subsidized by the Japanese Government that have sore Tons. Tons. duced the rates of freight that American bottoms can not engage Baker Palmer.. __ ..... ------·----···------4,()(X) 2,240 in that trade at a living rate of freight. Fannie Palmer------·------·------3,800 2,075 Mr. SULLIVAN of Massachusetts. But according to the state Marie Palmer·-····--·-··---··------··· 3,()(X) 1 495 ment that the gentleman has made, he has proved, if he has Maud Balmer------·------3,()(X) 1:529 Paul Palmer------·------3,500 1,163 proved anything, that the entire Philippine trade, if it goes to Prescott Palmer------____ ------4,()(X) 2, 001 these shipowners, will not employ all the tonnage now idle; and, Rebecca Palmer------4,1XXl 2,125 therefore, it follows that the statement which has been made Wm. B. Palmer ------· ----·· 3,400 1,625 Cora F. Cressy------·------3.800 2,089 that new ships will be built is a false statement. Eleanor A. Percy------5,600 3,062 Mr. LITTLEFIELD. Ihavenotmade any statement that new Helen W.Martin ... ------3,500 2,020 ships will be built. ~a~ilic:W.Ssziiaii: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~: ~ l: ~ Mr. SULLIVAN of Massachusetts. That statement was made S. P. Blackburn ------3,200 1, 537 before the committee. Mr. LITTLEFIELD. What committee? Mr. SULLIVAN of Massachusetts. Before the Senate com mittee that had hearings on this bill. J~~~~~~mm~~~~\\~~\\\\jj\~\\:::~mii~~~ ii ~~m Mr. LITTLEFIELD. I have not read the hearings of the Sen Nathaniel T.Palmer ------·------4,!XX) 2,2« 0. C. Curtis. ______.. ------____ ------. 3, 800 2, !XX) ate committee, and I now learn for the first time what the gen Wm. C. Carnegie....•...... •...... ------4,iro 2,380 tleman states. Addie M. Lawrence...... ------••..•• ------4,400 2,195 Mr. SULLIVAN of Massachusetts. It has been so stated. Dorothy Palmer------...... ____ ------5,!XX) 2,315 Gov. Ames ------______•....• ____ •...... ------· 3, 200 1,697 Mr. LITTLEFIELD. It bas been said that if our Democratic G. G. Deering------.... ------.... ------3,iro 1, 714 friends in this Honse, doing what they have done ever since I 1-----l·---- have been here, should vote against every proposition that tends Total _----- ••...• ____ ------___ .•• ---- .. ----.. __ ----- 99,600 51,980 to help the merchant marine, and if our Republican friends should join in that courEe of action we shall not get any encouragement Steamships available for Philippine trade between Pacific pm·ts and the Philip for the merchant marine. pines after July 1, 1904. It has been said, too, that if thls House will give this industry [Page 44, Report for 1903 of Commissioner of Navigation.] some encouragement by this bill-encouragement which so far Name. Gross tons. Owner. as this is concerned will be trifling in its operation-and by other bills of a cognate character, the probability is that new vessels will be built. When you can show an avenue for the employ Siberia-----·· ••...• ------ 11,28! Pacific Mail Steamship Co. ment of American capital at a fair return, with fair rates of Korea _----- _-----.------11,276 Do. wage for American seamen employed upon our vessels, then there Manchuria a.------13,500 Do. Mongolia. ••.... ---·------·--- 13,600 Do. will be some encouragement and some legitimate expectation that City of Peking •••...• ------5,079 Do. you will secure a building up of your American merchant marine. China ...... __ ...• ------____ ••...• 5,060 Do. Mr. SULL.IVAN of Massachusetts. But that will not happen Peru ...... ---.------·----·---- 3628 Do. Minnesotaa ------ 2l:!XX) Great Northern Steamship Co. until the trade between the Philippines and the United States in Dakota b ------·------ 2l,!XX) Do. creases. Tremont------9,606 Boston Steamship Co. Mr. LITTLEFIELD. The addition of 62,000 tons will aid it. Shawmut ------9,606 Do. 4,417 Do. It will not accomplish the whole result. Does the gentleman 3,753 Do. want to get in this attitude, that because in one act of legislation ~le~~==:::::::=:::::::::::::::: 3,753 Do. we can not rehabilitate the American merchant marine, therefore Victoria_-----•••..• ------_---- 3,502 Northern Pa.cific"Steamship Co. Olympia .•...• ------ 2,831 Do. he will not do it in some degree; because the bill that he is acting Tacoma ....•••••..••••.•• ------2,811 Do. upon will not accomplish the full results or achieve every success we desire nothing is to be done? Is that the attitude he wants to Total ••.•••..••••••.•• ------145,512 stand in? Mr. SULLIVAN of Massachusetts. I think the gentleman aLa.unched. bBuilding. agrees with me that if tariffs are reduced the trade will increase, In all a reservoir of 14:9 vessels, with an aggregate carrying ca but I do not think he means to have this House believe that the pacity of 497,112 tons of dead weight, to draw from and take care mere building of ships will of itself increase the trade. of 63,000 tons of freight. ·Mr. LITTLEFIELD. Oh, no; I di Mr. LITTLEFIELD. I want ro say just a word as ro the atti its amendments to the bill (H. R. 1851) granting an increase of tude of Secretary Taft upon thiB bill. I have not time to go over pension to David T. Towles, disagreed to by the Honse of Repre the various considerations involved in it. I should very much sentatives, had agreed to the conference asked by the House on like to do it, but I can not. the disagreeing votes of the two Houses thereon, and had ap The extracts that have been read from the Secretary's. state pointed Mr. McCUMBER, Mr. ScoTT, and Mr. PATTERSON as the ments before the committee are undoubtedly correct, and his state conferees on the part of the Senate. ments, from his then point of view, were undoubtedly correct, as The message also announced that the Senate had passed thE) made at that time; but this wants to be borne in mind, that when following resolutions: · Secretary Taft prepared that report he was in the Philippine Resolt:ed, That the Senate has heard with profound sorrow of the death of Archipelago. He had no information as to the amount of our the Ron. MARCUs A. H.A.NN.A., late a Senator from the State of Ohio. Resolved1. That as a. mark of respect to the memory of the deceased the merchant marine, the amount of tonnage that was available for btiBiness or the Senate be now suspended to enable his associates to pay engaging in this trade. He did not fully appreciate all of the proper tribute to his high character and distinguished public services. practical conditions involved. Resolved, That the Secretary communicate these resolutions to the House of Representatives. I want to call the attention of the Honse to this fact, that my Resolved, That a.s a. further mark of respect at the conclusion of the exer distinguished friend from Iowa [Mr. BIRDSALL] need not have cises the Senate adjourn. any apprehension about the trade in hemp going to London and The message also announced that the Senate had passed the fol being diverted from this country, because here is a question that lowing resolution; in which the concurrence of the Honse of Rep he himself put to Governor Taft, and if he had remembered it I resentatives was requested: doubt if he would have been labot·ing under such an apprehen Senate concurrent resolution No.6!. sion to any great degree. The gentleman ft·om Iowa [Mr. BIRD Resolved by the Senate (the House of Rep1·esentatives concurring), That there SALL] put this question to Secretary Taft: be printed 1.500 copies of the House Document No. 52, Twenty-eighth Con Mr. BIRDSALL. Suppose there shonld be a material increase in the freight gress, second session, including mttp, 500 for the ui;e of the Senate and l, ·-- 4464 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HO.USE. APRIL 7, shams, and pretenses, is a fight against the system of protection, Mr. BURTON, from the Committee on Rivers and Harbors, to the old fight for free trade, a fight to keep the doctrine of free which was referred the bill of the House (H. R.14754) providing trade on the land applied to all our commerce on the seas. It is for the restoration or maintenance of channels, or of river and the same old doctrine of calamity, destruction, and ruin on land, harbor improvements, and for other purposes, reported the same urged by the same old Democratic party, to drive our flag from the without amendment, a-ccompanied by a report (No. 2317); which few ships over which it still flies. If the doctrine of the oppo said bill and report were referred to the Committee of the Whole nents of this bill prevail, then no more ships for foreign trade House on the state of the Union. will be built in this country, our merchant marine will not be Mr. SLAYDEN, from the Committee mi Military Affairs, to built up, American capital will seek other investments, American which was referred the bill of the Senate (S. 1399) to amend sec labor other employment, and our flag will disappear entirely from tion 1225 of Revised Statutes, so as to provide for detail of retired the foreign ports of the world. [Applause.] ~ officers of the Army and Navy to assist in military instruction in The SPEAKER pro ten;1pore. The hour of half past 5 o'clock schools, reported the same with amendment, accompanied by a p.m. having arrived, in pursuance of the order previously made, report (No. 2318); which said bill and report were referred to the the House now stands adjourned until12 o'clock to-morrow. House Calendar. Mr. DALZELL, from the Committee on Ways and Means, to EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS. ·1 which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 1925) providing Under clause 2 of Rule XXIV, the following executive com for the removal of the port of entry in the customs collection dis munications were taken from the Speaker's table and referred as trict in Alaska from Sitka, Alaska, to Juneau, Alaska, reported follows: the same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 2319); A letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting a copy which said bill and report were referred to the House Calendar. of a communication from the Secretary of the Navy submitting Mr. PAYNE, from the Committee on Ways and Means, to which an estimate of deficiency appropriation for service of the ljavy was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 11213) to extend the Department-to the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered privilege of immediate transportation of dutiable merchandise to to be printed. valious su bports in the customs collection district of Puget Sound, A letter from the assistant clerk of the Court of Claims, trans and for other purposes, reported the same without ·amendment, mitting a copy of the conclusions of fact and law in the French accompanied by a report (No. 2321); which said bill and report spoliation cases relating to the schooner Hazard, Joseph Camp were referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the state bell, master-to the Committee on Claims, and ordered to be of the Union. printed. He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the A letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting a copy bill of the House (H. R. 10425) to restrict the unlimited transfer of a communication from the Secretary of the Interior submitting of merchandise in bonded warehouses, reported the same without an estimate of appropriation for investigations relative to free amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 2320); which said bill schools in Indian Territory-to the Committee on Appropriations, and report were referred to the House Calendar. and ordered to be printed. A letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting a REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PRIVATE BILLS .AND copy of a communication from the Secretary of the Interior sub RESOLUTIONS. mitting an estimate of appropriation for expenses of delegate to Under clause 2 of Rule XIII, private bills and resolutions of international conferences for the protection of industrial property, the following titles were severally reported from committees, de to be held at Berlin and Berne-to the Committee on Appropria livered to the Cterk, and referred to the Committee of the Whole tions, and ordered to be printed. House, as follows: . A letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting a Mr. LOUDENSLAGER, from the Committee on Pensions, to copy of a communication from the Secretary of War submitting which was referred the bill of the Senate (S. 3029) granting an an estimate of appropriation for miscellaneous advertising-to increase of pension to Margaret French, reported the same with the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be printed. out amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 2279); which said A letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, submitting an esti bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. mate of appropriation for additional expenses of collecting the He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the revenue-to the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be bill of the Senate (S. 4811) granting an increase of pension to printed. Phebe Sibley, reported the same without amendment, accom A letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting a copy panied by a report (No. 2280); which said bill and report were of a communication from the Secretary of Commerce and Labor referred to .the Private Calendar. submitting an estimate of appropriation for labor in installation He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the of machinery at the Bureau of Standards-to the Committee on bill of the Senate (S. 4948) granting an increase of pension to Appropriations, and ordered to be printed. . Elijah A. Peyton, reported the same without amendment, accom A letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting a copy panied by a report (No. 2281); which said bill and report were of a communication from the Secretary of State submitting an referred to the Private Calendar. estimate of appropriation for expenses of diplomatic officials in Mr. BROWN of Pennsylvania, from the Committee on Pen Haiti and Santo Domingo-to the Committee on Appropriations, sions, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 1045) and ordered to be printed. granting a pension of $12 per month to Matilda Witt, widow of J. A letter from the Acting Secretary of the Treasury, transmit Burgess Witt. reported the same with amendment, accompanied ting schedules of claims allowed by the several accounting offi by a report (No. 2282); which said bill arid report were referred , • cers of the Treasury-to the Committee on Appropriations, and to the Private Calendar. ordered to be printed. Mr. WILEY of Alabama, from the Committee on Pensions, to A letter from the Acting Attorney-General, transmitting a list which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 2367) ·granting a of judgments rendered against the United States-to the Commit pension to Merton C. Sanborn, reported the sam·e with amend tee on Appropriations, and ordered to be printed. ment, accompanied by a report (No. 2283); which said bill and report were referred to the. Private Calendar. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS. . Mr. LONGWORTH, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was referred ~e bill of t~~ House (H. R. 5361) granting an in Under clause 2 of Rule XTII, bills and resolutions of the follow crease of pension to Lucilius C. Moss, reported the same with ing titles were severally reported from committees, delivered to amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 2284); which said bill the Clerk, and referred to the several Calendars therein named, and 1·eport were referred to the Private Calendar. as follows: · Mr. DRAPER, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was Mr. ALEXANDER, from the Committee on the Judiciary, to referred the bill of the House (H. R. 6343) granting a pension to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 14376) providing Harry Hirschensohn, reported the same with amendment, accom for the holding of Federal court at Grand Island, Nebr., re panied by a report (No. 2285); which said bill and report were ported the same without amendment, accompanied by a report referred to the Private Calendar. (No. 2313); which said bill and report were referred to the House Mr. BROWN of Pennsylvania, from the Committee on Pen Calendar. sions, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 7502) Mr. TAWNEY, from the Committee on Ways and Means, to granting an increase of pension to John W. Moore, ·reported the which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 1231) for the re same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 2286); which lief of gaugers, storekeeper-gaugers, and storekeepers, reported said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. the same without amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 2316); Mr. LONGWORTH, from the Committee on Pension.B, to which which said bill and report were referred to the Committee of the was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 7985) granting a pension Whole House on the state of the Union. to Alice Jenifer, reported the same with amendment, accompa.. 1904.\ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 4465. nied by 3 report (No. 2287); which said bill and report were re- ment, accompanied by 3 report (No. 2304); which mid bill and ferred to the Private Calendar. report were referred to the Private Calendar. Mr. McLAIN, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the referred the bill of the House (H. R. 8783) granting an increase bill of the House (H. R. 14518) gTanting a pension to HendeTson of pension to Mary Ann Phipps, reported the same with amend- Evins, 1·eported the same with amendment, accompanied by a re ment, accompanied by a report (No. 2288); which said bill and port (No. 23'05); which said bill and report were referred to the report were referred to the Private Calendar. Private Calendar. Mr. BROWN of Pennsylvania, from the Committee on Pen- Mr WILEY of Alabama, from the Committee on Pensions, to sions. to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 9:585) which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 14519) granting granting an increase of pension toNelson Mcintosh, reported the an increase of pension to Elizabeth J. Moore, reported the same same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 2289); which with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 2306); which said bill and repm-t were referred to the Private Calendar. said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. Mr. :McLAIN, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the refen·ed the bill of the House (H. R. 10270) granting an increase bill of the House (H. R. 14598) for the relief of Joseph Otis, re of pension to Mary J. Kenaday, reported the same with amend- ported the same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. ' ment, accompanied by a report (No. 2290); which said bill and 2307); which said bill and report were refeiTed to the Private report were referred to the Private Calendar. Calendar. Mr. DRAPER, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was :Mr. DRAPER, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 12400) granting a pension to referred the bill of the House (H. R. 14658) granting an increase Ellen Cain, reported the same with amendment, accompanied by Iof pension to J nliana H. Barry~ report.ed the same without amend a report (No. 2291); which said bill and report were referred to ment, accompanien by a report (No. 2308); which said bill and the Private Calendar. report were referred to the Private Calendar. Mr. AIKEN, from the Committee on Pens:ions, to which was Mr. LONGWORTH, from the Committee on Pensions, to which referred the bill of the Honse (H. R. 13142) granting an increa.se was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 14693) granting an in of pension to William M. Lang, reported the same with amend- crease of pension to Su.c::an A. Schell, reported the same with ment, accompanied by a report (No. 2292); which said bill and amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 2309); which said bill report were referred to the Private Calendar. and report were refen·ed to the Private Calendar. Mr. BROWN of Pennsylvania, from the Committee on Pen- Mr. WILEY of Alabama, from the Committee on Pensions~ to sions, to which was referred the bill of the Honse (H. R. 13196) which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 14700) granting granting an increase of pension to Fannie A. Hutcha on, reported an increase of pension to H. C. Washburn, reported the same the same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 2293); with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 2310); which which said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. Mr. AIKEN, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was Mr. BUTLER of Pennsylvania, from the Committee on Claims, referred the bill of the House (H. R. 13345) granting .an increase 1 to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 10344) for the of pension to Jeremiah Gill, reported the same with amendment, relief ofthe administrator of the estate of Gotlob Groezinger, re accompanied by a report (No. 2294); which said bill and report ported the same without amendment, accompanied by a report were refen·ed to the Private Calendar. (No. 2311) i which said bill and report were referred to the Private Mr. McLAIN, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was Calendar. referred the bill of the House (H. R. 13364) granting an increase He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the ·of pension to John Cook. reported the same without amendment, bill of the Reuse (H. R. 5859) for the relief of Pacific Pearl Mul· accompanied by a report (No. 2295); which said bill and report lett, administratrix of the estate of the late Alfred B. Mullett, were Teferred to the Private Calendar. reported the same without amendment, accompanied by a report He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the (No. 2312); which said bill and report were referred to the Private bill of the House (H. R. 13421) granting an inerease of pension to Calendar. Micajah Hill, alias Michael C. Hill, reported the same with Mr. SULLOWAY, from the Committee oninvalidPensions, to amendment, a-ccompanied by a report (No. 2296); which said bill which was referred the bill of the Senate (S. 10) granting an in and rep01-t were referred to the Private Calendar. crease of pension to Albert H. Taft, reported the same without Mr. HOUSTON, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was amendment, accompanied by a ·report (No. 2314); which said refened the bill of the House (H. R. 13669) granting a pension to bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. Mary•E. Wyse, I'eported the same with amendment~ a-ccompanied Mr. LIND, from the Committee on Claims, ·to which was re by a report (No. 2297); which said bill and report were referred ferred the bill of the House (H. R. 14350) for the relief of Albert to the Private Calenda1·. Steinhauser, reported the same without amendment, accompanied 1\fr. PATTERSON of Pennsylvania, from the Committee on by a _repo:t (No. 2315); which said bill and report were referred Pensions, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. to the Private Calendar. 13729) granting a pension to .Margaret W. Goodwin, reported the same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 2298); PUBLIC BILLS, RESOLUTIONS, AND MEMORIALS. which said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. Under clause 3 of Rule XXII, bills, resolutions. and memorials Mr. McLAIN. from the Committee on Pensionsr to which was of the following titles were introduced and severally referred as referred the bill of the House (H. R. 13792) granting an increase follows: . of pension to Ellenora Clavier, reported the same with amend- By Mr.l\fcCLEARY of Minnesota: A bill (H. R.14860) to estab ment~ accompanied by a report (No. 2299); which said bill and lish a fish-hatching and fish station in the St-ate of Minnesota-to report were referred to the Private Calendar. the Committee on the Merchant Marine and Fisheries. 1\Ir. LONGWORTH, from the Committee on Pensions, to which By Mr. HEARST: A bill (H. R. 14861) to protect life and prop- was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 13958) granting an in- erty at sea.-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com . crease of pension to Eliza A. Moss, reported the same with amend- merce. ment, accompanied by a 1·eport (No. 2300); which said bill and By Mr. MARTIN: A joint resolution {H. J. Res. 145) providing report were referred to the Private Calendar. for the publication of 4,000 copies of a translation of the book en- 1\fr. BROWN of Pennsylvania, from the Committee on Pensions, I titled'' Les Combattants Fran~ais de la Guerre Americaine, 1778- to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 14306) grant- 1783 "-to the Committee on Printing. ing an increase of pens:ion to Martha Taylor, reported the same By Mr. POWERS of Maine: A resolution (H. Res. 303) relative with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 2301); which said to bill H. R. 9643-to the Committee on Rules. bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. By Mr. HAMILTON: A resolution (H. Res. 3 ~ 4) relative to bill Mr. McLAIN, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was H. R. 7266-to the Committee on Rules. referred the bill of the House (H. R. 14307) granting an increase By Mr. JENKINS: A resolution (H. Res. 305} to continue the of pension to Devernia White, reported the same with amend- employment of the messenger to the Committee on the Judiciary ment, accompanied by a report (No. 2302); which said bill and until the end of the present Congress-to the Committee on Ac· report were referred to the Private Calendar. counts. Mr. WILEY of Alabama, from the Committee on Pensions, to By Mr. BONYNGE: A resolution (H. Res. 306) relative to the which was refen·ed the bill of the House (H. R. 14363) granting Bonynge v. Shafroth election contest-to the Committee on Elec an increase of pension to Pocahontas C. Monteiro, reported the tions No.2. samewithamendment,accompaniedbyareport(No.2303); which By Mr. HEARST: A resolution (H. Res. 307) relative to an- said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. thracite-coal railroads-to the Committee on the .Judiciary. Mr. AIKEN, from the Committee on Pensions, to which was re- By Mr. VREELAND: A resolution (H. Res. 308) providing for ferred the bill of the House (H. R. 14517) granting an increase of the consideration of the bill H. R. 7262--to the Committee on pension to Lillie A. Schoppaul, reported the same without amend- Rules. XXXVIII-280 . 4466 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOTJSE . APRIL 7, PRIVATE BILLS A.ND RESOLUTIONS. an increase of pension to John Gideon-to.the Committee on In- valid Pensions. · Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, private bills and resolutions of By Mr. SCOTT: .A. bill (H. R. 14895) for the relief of Joseph .A.. the following titles were introduced and severally refer.red as Cox-to the Committee on War Claims. follows: By Mr. BONYNGE: .A. bill (H. R. 14862) granting an increase of pension to Mary H. Houghton-to the Committee on Invalid PETITIONS, ETC. Pensions. Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, the following petitions and papers Also, a bill (H. R. 14863) granting an increase of pension to were laid on the Clerk s desk and referred as follows: Charles A. Lauman-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. ACHESON: Petition of Mrs. Lovell White, president By Mr. BROUS .A.RD: A bill (H. H. 14864) for the relief of the of the Outdoor Art League, of San Francisco, in fa or of bill estate of Oneziphore Delahous aye, decea ed, late of St. Martin S. 4 45-to the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. Pari h. La.-to the Committee on War Claims. Also, petition of the Philadelphia .A. ociation of Union Ex By 1\Ir. BRANTLEY: A bill (H. R.14865) granting an increa e Prisoners of War, in favor of bills S. 1716 and H. R. 5760-to the . of pension to Mercy J. Wilder-to the Committee on Invalid Pen Committee on Invalid Pensions. sions. Also, petition of farmers of the Twenty-fourth Congre sional By Mr. BROOKS: A bill (H. _R. 14866) to cotTect the military district of Pennsylvania, in favor of bill H. R. 8678-to the Com record of Charles H. Kellen-to the Committee on Military Af mittee on Agriculture. fairs. By Mr. ADAMS of Pennsylvania: Resolution of the Marine By Mr. BRUNDTDGE: A bill (H. R.14867) granting a pension Engineers' Beneficial Association, No. 13, of Philadelphia, in favor to William E. Watson-to the Committee on Pensions. of a bill to increase the salary of the Supervising Inspector-General By Mr. BURLEIGH: A bill (H. R.14868) granting an increase of Steam Ve~sels-to the Committee on Appropriations. of pension to Richard M. Daniels-to the Committee on Invalid By Mr. BENTON: Papers to accompany bill H. R.14794, to pay Pensions. the heirs of John Sevier, sr., for certain lands taken by the United By Mr. CALDWELL: .A. bill (H. R. 14869) granting a pension States-to the Committee on War Claims. to E.lisha C. Jennings-to the Committee on Pensions. By Mr. BROUSSARD: Papers to accompany bill for the relief By Mr. CASSEL: A bill (H. R. 14870) granting an increase of of Oneziphore Delahoussaye-to the Committee on War Claims. pension to William Hougendobler-to the Committee on Invalid By Mr. BURLEIGH: Petitions of C. C. Dunton and others, Pensions. of Madison, Me., and Thaxter Reed and others, of Ea t Madison, By Mr. CONNER: A bill (H. R. 14871) granting an increase of Me., in favor of a parcels-post and a post-check bill-to the Com pension to Thomas B. Martin-to the Committee on Invalid Pen mittee on the Post-Office and Po t-Roads. sions. By Mr. CASSINGHAlrf: Petition of C. L. Homsher and 56 Also a bill (H. R. 14872) granting an increase of pension to others, of Bridgeport, Okla. , against the legalizing of issuance of Adam Lieberknecht-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. $22,000 of bonds, etc.-to the Committee on the Tenitories. By 1\Ir. DOVENER: A bill (H. R. 14873) granting an increase Also, petition of residents of Bacon, Plainfield, and other towns of pension to John W. Hendrickson-to the Committee on Invalid of Ohio, in favor of the parcels-post and post-check bills-to the Pen ions. Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. By Mr. DWIGHT: A bill (H. R. 14874) granting a pension to Byl\Ir. COOPER of Wisconsin: Petitionof residentsof Albany, Abbie G. Fox-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Wis. in favor of the parcels-post and post-check bills-to the By Mr. GARDNER of New Jer ey: A bill (H. R 14875) grant Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. ing an increase of pension to Seeley Earnest-to tt.e Committee By Mr. DANIELS: Petition of citizens of San Luis Obispo on Invalid Pensions. County, Cal., in favor of a parcels-post bill-to the Committee on Also, a bill (H. R. 14876) granting an increase of pension to the Post-Office and Post-Roads. Francis Stadler, jr.-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. DINSMORE: Paper to accompany bill granting a pen Also, a bill (H. R. 14877) gt·anting an increase of pension to sion to James W. Officer-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Benjamin Wellman-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, petition of John Looper and 55 others, of John on, Ark., Also. a bill (H. R. 1487 ) granting an increa e of pension to in favor of the Hepburn-Dolliver bill-to the Committee on the George W. Hummell-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Judiciary. Also, a bill (H. R. 14879) granting an increase of pension to Also, petition of residents of Brentwood Ark., in favor of the Benjamin Dillingham-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. parcels-post and post-check bills-to the Committee on the Post Also, a bill (H. R.14880) for the relief of WilliamS. Schenck Office and Post-Roads. to the Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. DRAPER: Petition of residents of Troy, N. Y., in favor Also, a bill (H. R. 14881) granting an increase of pension to of the parcels-post and post-check bills-to the Committee on the Sarah S. Woodward-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Post-Office and Post-Roads. Also, a bill (H. R. 14882) granting a pension to Mary Dingier- Also, petition of citizens of Troy, N.Y., in favor of the parcels to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. - post and post-cbeck bills-to the Committee on the Post-Office Also, a bill (H. R. 14883) granting a pension to Charlotte Ross and Post-Roads. to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. FITZGERALD: Resolution of Brooklyn Institute of By Mr. GILBERT: A bill (H. R. 14.884) granting an increase Arts and Sciences, in favor of bill S. 4845-to the Committee on of pension to William Huffman-to the Committee on Invalid Public Buildings and Grounds. Pensions. By Mr. FULLER: Paper to accompany bill granting an in By Mr. HAMLIN: .A. bill (H. R. 14885) for the relief of Lewis crease of pension to Ira Bacon-to the Committee on Invalid Pen Dunham-to the Committee on Military Affairs. sions. Bv Mr. HENRY of Connecticut: A bill (H. R.14886) granting By Mr. GIBSON: Petition of J. R. Wilson and others, of Lon compensation to Joseph Dawson-to the Committee on Claims. don, Tenn., in favor of the parcels-post and post-check bills-to By Mr. IDTCHCOCK: A bill (H. R. 14887) granting an increase the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. ·of pension to William P. Davis-to the Committee on Invalid By Mr. GRANGER: Resolution of Esex Hopkins Section No. Pensions. 23, of the Navy League of the United States, in favor of bills S. By Mr. LEVER: A bill (H. R. 14888) granting an increase of 2990 and 2291-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. pension to Samuel H. Bennett-to the Committee on Invalid Pen By Mr. HAMLIN: Re olution of Lodge No. 70, Brotherhood of sions. Boiler Makers and Iron-ship Builders, of Springfield, Mo. in favor By Mr. McCLEARY of Minnesota: .A. bill (H. R.14889) grant of bill H. R. 7056-to the Committee on the Merchant Marine and ing an increase of pension to Alfred W. Dearborn-to the Com Fisheries. mittee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. HITCHCOCK: Petition of S. V. Brewer Po t, No. 323, Also, a bill (H. R. 14 90) granting an increase of pension to Grand Army of the Republic, Department of Nebraska, in favor Allen R. Harris-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. of a service-pension bill-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. MIERS of Indiana: .A. bill (H. R.14891) granting an in By Mr. JONES of Washington: Paper to accompany bill H. R. crease of pension to Samuel Smith-to the Committee on Invalid 14827, providing a penalty for assault with a dangerous weapon Pensions. or with intent to perpetrate a felony-to the Committee on the By Mr. MOON of Tennessee: A bill (H. R.14892) for the relief J n No. 73, of Ottumwa, Iowa, in favo:J;.Of an eight-hour bill-to the Anti-Trust League, relative t.o certain misbehavior and miscon Committee on Labor. duct of Hon. H. M. Clabaugh and others-to the Committee on the By Mr. LAFEAN: Resolution of the Philadelphia Board of Judiciarv. Trade, in favor of billS. 2641, providing for removal of floating Also, petition of the Society of Beaux Arts Architect' in favor dangers-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. of billS. 4845-to the Committee on Public Buildings and Gronnds. Als), resolution of the Philadelphia Board of Trade, in favor of Also, resolution of the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences, bill S. 4505-to the Committee on Military 4-:ffairs. in favor of bill S. 4845-to the Committee on Public Buildings Also, resolution of General John Sedgwick Post, No. 37, Grand and Grounds. · Army of the Republic, of York, Pa., in favor of a service-pension Also, petition of Mrs. Lovell White, president of the Outdoor bill-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Art League, of San Francisco, in favor of billS. 4845-to tlie Com By Mr. McNARY: Petition of members of the Ancient Order mittee on Public Buildings and Grounds. of Hibernians of Ware, Mass., in favor of a bill for the erection Also, resolution of the Patent Law Association of Chicago, of a monument to the memory of Commodore John Barry-to the againJ!t the passage of bills H. R. 11585 and S. 40G2-to the Com Committee on the Library. mittee on Patents. Also, resolution of Lodge No. 250, Brotherhood of Boiler Makers Also, resolution of theDenver.ChamberofCommerceand Board and Iron-ship Builders, of Boston, Mass., in favor of bill H. R. of Trade, relative to the management of forest reserves-to the 'i056-to the Committee on the Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Committee on Agriculture. Also, petition of Mansel H. Bush, of Dorchester, Mass, in favor Also, resolution of the League of American Sportsmen, in favor of increasing the salary of letter carriers-to the- Committee on of bill H. R. 11584-to the Committee on the Public Lands. the Po ~t -Office and Post-Roads. By Mr. TATE: Paper to accompany bill for the relief of G. A. By Mr. MAHON: Petition of residents of Penn Mar, Pa., in Anderson-to the Committee on ·war Claims. favor of the parcels-post and-po t-check bills-to the Committee By Mr. WILSON of Arizona: Petition of the board of super on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. visors of the county of Santa Cruz, Ariz., relative to a bill to in By Mr. MARSH: Petition of citizens of Warsaw, ill., in favor crease the number of members of the council of the legislative of a parcels-post bill-to the Committee on the Post-Office and assembly from twelve to thirteen-to the Committee on the Ter Post-Roads. ritories. By Mr. MOON of Tennessee: Papers to accompany bill for the By Mr. ZENOR: Paper to accompany bill H. R. 8423, for relief relief of A. W. Gregory-to the Committee on Claims. of Joseph.Hepworth-to the Qommittee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. MORRELL: Resolution of Marine Engineers' Beneficial Association No. 13, of Philadelphia, relative to increasing the sal ary of the Supervising Inspector-General of Steam Vessels-to the Committee on Appropriations. SENATE. By Mr. NEVIN: Petition of the Paul A. Sorg Paper Company and others, in favor of bill H. R. 9302--to the Committee on Ways FRIDAY, .April 8, 190.ft-. and Means. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. EDWARD EVERETT HALE. By 1\Ir. OTIS: Petition of citizens of Croton-on-Hudson, N. Y., The Secretary proceeded to read the Journal of yesterday's pro favoring passage of a parcels-post bill-to the Committee on the ceedings, when, on the request of Mr. HoAR, and by unanimous Post-Office and Post-Roads. consent, the further reading was dispensed with. By Mr. PORTER: Petition of Mra. Lovell White, pre ident of The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Without objection, the Journal the Outdoor Art League, in favor of bill S. 4845-to the Commit will stand approved. tee on Public Buildings and Grounds. Also, petition of the Philadelphia Association of Union ex EUREKA INSYRANCE COMPANY, OF PITTSBURG. Prisoners of War, in favor of bills S.1716 and H. R. 5760-to the The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a com Committee on Invalid Pensions. munication from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting, in By Mr. RIDER: Memorial of the American Anti-Trust League, response to a resolution of February 29. 1904, a report made by relative to the official misbehavior and misconduct of Ron. H. M. the Auditor for the War Department relative to a reexamination Clabaugh, chief justice of the supreme court of the District of of settlement No. 5000 of 1894 for insurance paid by the Eureka Columbia, and others-to the Committee on the Judiciary. Insurance Company, of Pittsburg, on the steamer Champion, By Mr. ROBERTS: Papers to accompany bill granting an in payable toW. L. Jones, receiver; which, with the accompanying crease of pension to James W. Bliss-to the Committee on Invalid paper, was referred to the Committee on Appropriations, and or Pensions. derea to be printed. By Mr. ROBINSON of Arkansas: Petition of Hensley Brothers, REFINING OF BULLIO~. of Hot Springs, Ark., against passage of a parcels-post bill-to The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a com the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. munication from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting a By Mr. RUCKER: Petition of S. M. Summers and 9 others, of letter from the Director of the Mint submitting for incorporation Clifton, Mo., in favor of the Hepburn-Dolliver bill-to the Com in the sundry civil appropriation bill a provision to correct certain mittee on the Judiciary. legislation contained in the deficiency act approved July 7 1898 By Mr. RYAN: Resolution of the Brooklyn Institute <;>f Arts relating to the refining,and parting of bullion and the by-pr~duct~ and Sciences, in favor of bill S. 4845-to the Committee on Public therefrom; which, with the accompanying paper, was referred to Buildings and Grounds. the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be printed. Also, petition of McMahon Post, No. 208, Grand Army of the Republic, of Buffalo, N.Y., in favor of a service-pension bill MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. to the Committtee on Invalid Pensions. A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. W. J. By Mr. SLAYDEN: PetitionofcitizensofBrownCounty, Tex., BROWNING, its Chief Clerk, announced that the House had passed against the passage of a parcels-post bill-to the Committee on with an amendment the bill (S. 2621) for the widening of V street the Post-Office and. Post-.Roads. NW., in which it requested the concurrence of the Senate. Mr. SMITH of Texas: Petitions of residents of Colorado, Mitchell The message also announced that the House had agreed to the County, and Cisco, Tex., against the passage of a parcels-post bill report of the committee of conference on the disagreeing votes of to the Committee on the :Post-Office and Post-Roads. the two Houses on the amendments of the Senate to the bill By Mr. SNOOK: Petitions of Charles L. Mountain and 25 others, (H. R. 10670) making appropriations for the support of the Army of Blakeslee, Ohio; Theo. Hauch and 63 others, of Putnam County, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1905, and for other purposes· Ohio, and Philip White, of Payne, Ohio, in favor of the parcels further insists upon its disagreement to the amendments of th~ post and post-check bills-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Senate to the bill numbered 49, 50, and 51; recedes from its dis Post-Roads. agreement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 29 and Also, petition of Hiram E. Loomis and Joseph J. Lewis, of Ohio, agrees to the same with an amendment; agrees to the furthe; con in favor of bill H. R. 5760, providing pension for all Union sol ference asked for by the Senate on the disagreeing votes of the diers, ex-prisoners of war-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. two Houses thereon, and had appointed Mr. HULL, Mr. STEVENS Also, paper to accompany bill H. R. 4385, granting an increase of Minnesota, and Mr. HAY, managers at the conference on the of pension to Thomas Thompson-to the Committee on Invalid part of the House. Pensions. ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED. By Mr. STEPHENS of Texas: Petition of many citizens of the The message further announced that the Speaker of the House towns of Crowell and Wichita Falls, Tex., against the passage of had signed the following enrolled bills and joint resolution· and a parcels-post bill-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post they were thereupon signed by the President pro tempore: ' Roads. A bill (H. R. 5055) granting an increase of pension to Woodson By. Mr. SULLIVAN of New York: Memorial of the American R. Daniel;