DOCSLIB.ORG

Violating Freedom of the Press

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Violating Freedom of the Press Violations of Freedom of Expression and Freedom of the Press Under the Palestinian Authority and Hamas May 2016 Report presented by: Jerusalem Institute of Justice P.O. Box 2708 Jerusalem, Israel 9102602 Phone: +972 (0)2 5375545 Fax: +972 (0)2 5370777 Email: [email protected] Web: www.jij.org The Jerusalem Institute of Justice (JIJ) does not present this report as a denial of human rights violations charged against Israel, since materials are readily available on that subject. JIJ itself has litigated human rights cases within Israel for more than a decade. This report covers largely unreported, often censored, violations by the Palestinian governing authorities against Palestinians so that their voices may be heard and facts might replace distorted misunderstandings of the regional situation. Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 3 Methodology ................................................................................................................................. 4 Part I: Freedom of Expression and the Press ............................................................. 5 Legal Framework ....................................................................................................................... 5 International Law ......................................................................................................................... 5 Domestic Laws ............................................................................................................................. 7 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................. 12 Government Influence in Media ........................................................................................... 12 Government Controlled Media Outlets ..................................................................................... 15 Promotion of Plurality ................................................................................................................ 17 Foreign Journalists ..................................................................................................................... 19 Censorship and self-censorship ................................................................................................. 21 Freedom of Expression on the Internet ............................................................................. 24 Freedom of Expression and Political Parties .............................................................................. 25 Part II: Propaganda and Incitement.............................................................................. 26 Legal Framework ..................................................................................................................... 26 Incitement by Media .................................................................................................................. 28 Incitement by Religious and Government Officials ................................................................... 29 Incitement on the Internet ........................................................................................................ 31 General conclusions ................................................................................................................... 32 Recommendations .................................................................................................................. 33 Introduction Two of the most basic Human Rights in a democratic society are freedom of expression and freedom of press. They contribute to a free society in which all opinions and viewpoints contribute to public opinion. As the General Comment No. 34 of the Human Rights Committee1 states: “Freedom of opinion and freedom of expression are indispensable conditions for the full development of the person. They are essential for any society. They constitute the foundation stone for every free and democratic society. The two freedoms are closely related, with freedom of expression providing the vehicle for the exchange and development of opinions. Freedom of expression is a necessary condition for the realization of the principles of transparency and accountability that are, in turn, essential for the promotion and protection of human rights.” The basis for any Human Right is dignity, founded on religious or secular principles, as both can justify the existence of human dignity.2 As the European Union has stated in its Guidelines, “the right to freedom of expression includes freedom to seek and receive information. It is a key component of democratic governance as the promotion of participatory decision-making processes is unattainable without adequate access to information”.3 Palestinian media is not independent enough, according to an international ranking.4 Furthermore, violations against media are committed every day, and they have increased in the last few years. In the first half of 2015 alone, there were 110 abuses against journalists, 103% more than during the same period one year before.5 1 General Comment No. 34, Human Rights Committee, 102nd Session, 11-29 July 2011, CCPR/C/CG/34. Available at http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrc/docs/gc34.pdf accessed on December 17, 2015. 2 Although it is always underlined that Human Rights are tightly linked with dignity, they are also essential for economic growth, in the opinion of philosopher, economist and Nobel Prize Amartya Sen., he states that a country with independent media never suffers from famine. (Vid. SEN A.,”Democracy as a Universal Value”, Journal of Democracy, 0, 3, 1999, pp. 3-17). For a detailed Sen’s Human Rights theory, see SEN A., “Elements of a Theory of Human Rights”, Philosophy and Public Affairs, 2004, 32, 4, pp. 315-356. Available at http://www.mit.edu/~shaslang/mprg/asenETHR.pdf accessed on November 10, 2015 3EU Human Rights Guidelines on Freedom of Expression Online and Offline, Council of the European Union, 12 May 2014. Available at http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/EN/foraff/142549.pdf accessed on December 3, 2015 4 The 2015 World Press Freedom Index ranks Palestine 140 out of 180. Web 3 Dec. 2015, http://index.rsf.org/#!/index- details/PSE 5 Media freedoms Violations in Palestine. Semiannual report 2015, MADA Center, p. 7. Available at http://www.madacenter.org/images/text_editor/simireportEE2015.pdf accessed on December 8, 2015 3 Except for the right to life and the right prohibiting torture or inhuman or degrading treatment, there are no unlimited rights. One human right can never be used to attack another’s human right. Therefore, freedom of press and freedom of expression have, or must have, a clear limit: inter alia, those cases where an opinion is intended to offend a person or a group (an insult can never be considered freedom of expression) or where it calls for action against a person or a group. These latter assumptions are considered hate speech, which must be prohibited by law. Articles 19(3) and 20(2) of the International Covenant for Civil and Political Rights outline some restrictions to freedom of expression. On many occasions, Palestinian media and politicians, as well as social network users, broadcast clear anti-Semitic or anti-Israeli statements or comments, with complete impunity. This is not freedom of expression, but hate speech.6 Methodology This report is written taking into account the present legal standards, both national and international, as well as news reports from reputable media outlets, interviews with citizens who have links to the Palestinian Authority concerning freedom of expression and the press, and Palestinian organizations that monitor violations of these freedoms. Due to the high volume of reported violations from organizations and the media, only some representative cases are mentioned in this report. To protect the safety and privacy of such individuals, names have been withheld and records of interviews maintained internally by the Jerusalem Institute of Justice. The majority of the sources used in this report are from the West Bank. The reality within Gaza is reported using statements made by informants who know the situation on the ground, and through information found on the Internet regarding human rights violations. Regarding the second part of this report, there are many examples of incitement found in the media, via the Internet, spoken by officials and religious leaders. For this reason, much of the information in this report has been gleaned from online sources. 6 “Hate speech refers to insults, slurs, or epithets directed to a group of people, based on a shared characteristic of that group. Usually the characteristics are race, gender, or religion, but they also can include ethnicity, sexual orientation, disability, or even Vietnam-era veteran’s status”, p.139. Fraleigh D. M. and Tuman J.S, Freedom of Expression in the Marketplace of Ideas, SAGE Publications, 2011. 4 Part I: Freedom of Expression and the Press Legal Framework International Law International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1976 Signed by the Palestinian Authority in July 2014, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights contains a broad range of statutes designed to promote and defend the basic liberty of all citizens from both their fellow countrymen and their respected government. Article 19 of this Covenant ensures protection of the civil
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pamela Murgia
    “TESIS” — 2018/8/31 — 9:22 — page i — #1 Hamas’ Statements A discourse analysis approach Pamela Murgia TESI DOCTORAL UPF / ANY 2018 DIRECTOR DE LA TESI Prof. Teun A. van Dijk (Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Prof. Nicola Melis (Università degli Studi di Cagliari) Departament Traducció i Ciències del Llenguatge “TESIS” — 2018/8/31 — 9:22 — page ii — #2 “TESIS” — 2018/8/31 — 9:22 — page iii — #3 Abstract Hamas, acronym for Islamic Resistance Movement, is a political movement that was founded in 1987 and has, since 2007, been in charge of the Gaza Strip. The movement was initially characterised by a language accentuated by tropes of po- litical Islam and, after the Oslo Accords, by a strong rejection of the institutions established by the Accords. Consequently, the movement refused to take part in the elections of the Palestinian Authority. The failure of the Accords in the early 2000s led the movement to take a turn, deciding to participate in the elec- tions. Hamas thus underwent a significant political development, that resulted in changes in rhetoric, ideological representations, and self-representation. The present work aims to study the movements ideological development and commu- nication strategies by the means of Discourse Analysis, with the analysis of the corpora of bayan¯ at¯ , the official statements issued by Hamas and published on their official website. Resumen Hamas, acrónimo de “Movimiento de Resistencia Islámica”, es un movimiento político que se fundó en 1987 y que desde 2007 controla la Franja de Gaza. El movimiento se caracterizó inicialmente por un lenguaje fuertemente marcado por los topoi del Islam político y, después de los Acuerdos de Oslo, por un rechazo radical de las instituciones resultado de los mismos Acuerdos.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal for the Study of Antisemitism
    Journal for the Study of Antisemitism Special Issue: "Contemporary Antisemitism and Racism in the Shadow of the Holocaust” Guest Editors: Karin Stoegner, Nicolas Bechter, Lesley Klaff , Philip Spencer 2015 As of April 1st 2021, this special issue is subject to a CC-BY-NC-ND license. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Other than as provided by these licenses, no part of this article may be reproduced, transmitted, or displayed by any electronic or mechanical means without permission from the publisher or as permitted by law. Open access publication of this issue is made possible by the Journal of Contemporary Antisemitism, published by Academic Studies Press. Welcome to the Guest Editors When I first spoke to Lesley Klaff about the possibility of JSA hosting ESA conference papers, I was not exactly certain what was involved. For several years, ESA’s roster of paper presentations was top notch and often included key conceptualizations not found elsewhere. I wanted to make certain that some of the field’s best thinkers were receiving their due. JSA was located in North America, ESA was located in Europe and the gap needed to be bridged. My appreciation to Karin Stoegner and her team for their perseverance in making such fine work available to others. The papers have in common a distinct European flavor—they are nuanced and contextual driven. Except for David Patterson, the authors are European offering their perspective from what has become ground zero in displays of the new antisemitism. Europe is also ground zero for the old antisemitism and the context of the Holocaust affords certain insights that North Americans have yet to fully understand.
    [Show full text]
  • Examination of the Names of Palestinians Killed in Operation Protective Edge - Part Seven1
    December 1, 2014 Examination of the names of Palestinians killed in Operation 1 Protective Edge - Part Seven Five Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades operatives killed on the night of July 17-18, 2014, during a clash between IDF forces and a Hamas ambush in northern Gaza (facebook.com). The findings to date 1. This document is the seventh in a series of publications of the Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center (ITIC), as part of a project examining the names of the Palestinians killed in Operation Protective Edge. The project’s goal is to determine which of the fatalities are terrorist operatives and which are non-involved citizens, and to examine the ratio between them. The findings of the ITIC’s examination so far (based on approximately 54% of the names of the dead) suggest that terrorist operatives constitute about 52% of the fatalities who have been identified, and non-involved civilians constitute approximately 48%. This ratio may vary in the future. Methodological notes 2. The current document examined 150 additional names of Palestinians killed, two of which were identified as duplicate names. The list is based on the lists of 1Further to the ITIC’s Information Bulletin from October 7, 2014: “Examination of the names of Palestinians killed in Operation Protective Edge - Part Six.” 191-14 2 the dead issued by the Palestinian Ministry of Health, published by the ministry spokesman, Dr. Ashraf al-Qudra (numbers 901-1032 on the list). Our examination is also based on names listed in a continuation of Dr. Al-Qudra’s list, which was published in the Hamas organ Felesteen and includes 1,281 names.2 Most of the names examined in the current list are of Palestinians killed between July 25 and July 29, 2014.
    [Show full text]
  • Felesteen”, a New Hamas-Associated Daily Newspaper, Was Launched in Gaza City
    May 11, 2007 Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center at the Israel Intelligence Heritage & Commemoration Center (IICC) “Felesteen”, a new Hamas-associated daily newspaper, was launched in Gaza City. A new weapon in Hamas’s battle for hearts and minds, the newspaper is meant to compete with the three Palestinian Authority dailies controlled or influenced by Fatah and Abu Mazen, and increase Hamas’s influence among the Palestinian public. The homepage of the Felesteen website: Abu Mazen and Ismail Haniyah discuss the unity government; left: an image of the Felesteen front page 1.As of May 3, 2007, a new daily called Felesteen is published in Gaza City. The editor-in-chief, who claims to be independent, is Mustafa al-Sawaf, a journalist associated with the Hamas movement. Initially, the newspaper prints some 10,000 copies. The Chairman of the Board is Dr. Ahmed Sa’ati, a lecturer in the Islamic University of Gaza City. The key members of the editorial staff (which consists of some 50 people) are associated with Hamas (see Appendix). It is likely not a coincidence that the newspaper’s launch date was scheduled for May 3, the World Press Freedom Day. The launching ceremony, with separate seating places for men and women, was attended by Hamas seniors. The ceremony was opened with a recitation of Quran verses by a journalist working for the Hamas radio station (AP, May 3). 2.The daily is published by Al-Wasat Media and Publishing (Al-Wasat lil- I’lam wal-Nashr), a company founded by a group of entrepreneurs to publish and distribute the newspaper.
    [Show full text]
  • Completed Under the Supervision of Mousa Rimawi Prepared and Edited by Ghazi Bani Odeh Monitoring and Documenting: Shireen Al-Khatib Translation By: Sharif Solaiman
    Palestinian Center For Development and Media Freedoms Completed under the supervision of Mousa Rimawi Prepared and edited by Ghazi Bani Odeh Monitoring and documenting: Shireen Al-Khatib Translation by: Sharif Solaiman The Palestinian Center for Development and Media Freedoms “MADA” thanks the Open Society Foundations for their support in publishing the report 1 Introduction: The first half of the year 2017 witnessed an increase in the total number of violations against media freedoms in Palestine compared to those recorded during the same period of 2016 and the previous years. The total number of violations (Israeli and Palestinian) against media freedoms in Palestine1 during the first six months of this year reached 228 violations, which shows an increase of 15% compared to the total recorded violations during the first half of the year 2016. Total Israeli and Palestinian violations during the first half of 2017 and the previous years First half of the 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 year Total number of 112 108 112 186 224 198 228 violations The record high number of violations during the first half of 2017 came as result of a relatively large increase in the number of Palestinian violations. Noting that the number of Israeli violations came almost identical to what it was during the first half of the previous year 2016. 1 All figures include the West Bank, the Gaza Strip and the occupied city of Jerusalem, which are monitored by the Palestinian Center for Development and Media Freedoms (MADA). 2 Total violations during the first half of 2017 and corresponding periods in previous years 250 200 150 100 50 0 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 In a rare case, the gap between the number of Israeli and Palestinian violations shrank significantly during the first six months of 2017 compared to previous years, although the Israeli violations remain the largest in number and the most dangerous for journalists and the media.
    [Show full text]
  • Mapping of Digital Rights Violations and Threats
    Internet Freedoms in Palestine: Mapping of Digital Rights Violations and Threats 7amleh Arab Center for Social Media Advancement 7amleh – Arab Center for Social Media Advancement Written by: Marwa Fatafta Translated to Arabic: Bessan Ramadan Graphic designer: Amjad Badran This publication was done with the generous support of APC Contact us: [email protected] | www.7amleh.org Tel: +972 (0)774020670 Find us on Social Media: 7amleh Published by 7amleh - The Arab Centre for Social Media Advancement and The Association for Progressive Communications (APC) Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - Share-Alike 4.0 (CC BY NC SA 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 INTRODUCTION As internet freedoms are facing a global decline1, Palestinians are no exception. This report aims to present an assessment of the current status of internet freedoms in the Palestinian Territories, through mapping recent developments in restrictions or violations of Palestinian rights on the internet by governments and private tech companies. In order to achieve this aim, the report reviews cases reported and documented by media outlets and civil society organisations. The report has no defined timeframe. However, the majority of the cases reviewed date between 2015 and 2017, a period that witnessed an escalation of attacks on Palestinians’ freedom of expression, media freedoms and privacy online. The category of ‘Palestinians’ used in this report refers to Palestinian citizens of Israel and Palestinians living in the Occupied Palestinian Territories, i.e. the West Bank, the Gaza Strip and illegally annexed East Jerusalem. The first part of the report provides a general introduction to the definition of digital rights and what they entail, and surveys key UN resolutions that recognise the impact of the internet on human rights.
    [Show full text]
  • Advance Edited Version Distr
    Advance Edited Version Distr. GENERAL A/HRC/12/48 15 September 2009 Original: ENGLISH HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL Twelfth session Agenda item 7 HUMAN RIGHTS IN PALESTINE AND OTHER OCCUPIED ARAB TERRITORIES Report of the United Nations Fact Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict∗ ∗ Late submission A/HRC/12/48 page 2 Paragraphs Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PART ONE INTRODUCTION I. METHODOLOGY II. CONTEXT III. EVENTS OCCURRING BETWEEN THE “CEASEFIRE” OF 18 JUNE 2008 BETWEEN ISRAEL AND THE GAZA AUTHORITIES AND THE START OF ISRAEL’S MILITARY OPERATIONS IN GAZA ON 27 DECEMBER 2008 IV. APPLICABLE LAW PART TWO OCCUPIED PALESTINIAN TERRITORY: THE GAZA STRIP Section A V. THE BLOCKADE: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW VI. OVERVIEW OF MILITARY OPERATIONS CONDUCTED BY ISRAEL IN GAZA BETWEEN 27 DECEMBER 2008 AND 18 JANUARY 2009 AND DATA ON CASUALTIES VII. ATTACKS ON GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS AND POLICE VIII. OBLIGATION ON PALESTINIAN ARMED GROUPS IN GAZA TO TAKE FEASIBLE PRECAUTIONS TO PROTECT THE CIVILIAN POPULATION A/HRC/12/48 page 3 IX. OBLIGATION ON ISRAEL TO TAKE FEASIBLE PRECAUTIONS TO PROTECT CIVILIAN POPULATION AND CIVILIAN OBECTS IN GAZA X. INDISCRIMINATE ATTACKS BY ISRAELI ARMED FORCES RESULTING IN THE LOSS OF LIFE AND INJURY TO CIVILIANS XI. DELIBERATE ATTACKS AGAINST THE CIVILIAN POPULATION XII. THE USE OF CERTAIN WEAPONS XIII. ATTACKS ON THE FOUNDATIONS OF CIVILIAN LIFE IN GAZA: DESTRUCTION OF INDUSTRIAL INFRASTRUCTURE, FOOD PRODUCTION, WATER INSTALLATIONS, SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS AND HOUSING XIV. THE USE OF PALESTINIAN CIVILIANS AS HUMAN SHIELDS XV. DEPRIVATION OF LIBERTY: GAZANS DETAINED DURING THE ISRAELI MILITARY OPERATIONS OF 27 DECEMBER 2008 TO 18 JANUARY 2009XVI.
    [Show full text]
  • Report of the United Nations Fact-Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict∗
    UNITED NATIONS A General Assembly Distr. GENERAL A/HRC/12/48 25 September 2009 Original: ENGLISH HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL Twelfth session Agenda item 7 HUMAN RIGHTS IN PALESTINE AND OTHER OCCUPIED ARAB TERRITORIES Report of the United Nations Fact-Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict∗ ∗ Late submission. GE.09-15866 A/HRC/12/48 page 2 CONTENTS Paragraphs Page Acronyms and abbreviations .......................................................................................... 11 Executive summary .............................................................................. 1-130 13 PART ONE: METHODOLOGY, CONTEXT AND APPLICABLE LAW INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 131-150 37 I. METHODOLOGY ............................................................... 151-175 41 A. Mandate and terms of reference ................................. 151-155 41 B. Methods of work ......................................................... 156-167 42 C. Assessment of information ......................................... 168-172 44 D. Consultation with the parties ...................................... 173-175 45 II. CONTEXT............................................................................. 176-222 46 A. Historical context......................................................... 177-197 46 B. Overview of Israel’s pattern of policies and conduct relevant to the Occupied Palestinian Territory, and links between the situation in Gaza and in the West Bank...................................... 198-209
    [Show full text]
  • Statiscal Data Collection Project on Film and Audiovisual Markets in 9 Mediterranean Countries
    EU funded Programme STATISCAL DATA COLLECTION PROJECT ON FILM AND AUDIOVISUAL MARKETS IN 9 MEDITERRANEAN COUNTRIES Country Profile: 5. Palestine EUROMED AUDIOVISUAL III / CDSU in collaboration with the EUROPEAN AUDIOVISUAL OBSERVATORY Dr. Sahar Ali, Media Expert, CDSU Euromed Audiovisual III Under the supervision of Dr. André Lange, Head of the Department for Information on Markets and Financing, European Audiovisual Observatory (Council of Europe) Tunis, November 10, 2013 Responsibility Disclaimer “The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Euromed Audiovisual III programme and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union, or of the European Audiovisual Observatory or of the Council of Europe of which it is part.” The report is available on the programme website: www.euromedaudiovisual.net Film and audiovisual data collection project NATIONAL AUDIOVISUAL LANDSCAPES IN NINE PARTNER COUNTRIES PALESTINE 1. BASIC DATA ..................................................................................................................................5 1.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................5 1.2 Benchmarks ............................................................................................................................7 1.3 Domestic policy ........................................................................................................................8 1.4 Membership of Palestine and
    [Show full text]
  • The Battle for the Palestinian Security Services
    Conflict Studies Research Centre Middl e East Series 06/51 Defence Academy of the United Kingdom The Battle for the Palestinian Security Services Gordon Bennett Key Points * The death of Yasir Arafat ended a controversial era for the divided and bankrupt Palestinian community. * Hamas’ electoral victory of January 2006 was predictable, as was its violent conflict with Fatah. * Any serious attempt to modernise and streamline the Palestinian administration provokes internal, bloody struggle. This trend is going to continue. * The most recent reforms of the Palestinian special services resulted in a particularly violent struggle without visible end. * The solution is a peace accord between the largest Palestinian factions and their willingness to control the militants, a task almost impossible as too many radicals hate Israel more than they love Palestine. Contents Introduction - after Arafat 1 A brief history of the Palestinian special services 1 The reforms 3 The Hamas challenge 7 Educating and training 10 The undeclared war 11 Hezbollah 13 Conclusion 13 Appendix 1 - Assassinations and wounding of 17 Palestinian security personnel by rival Palestinian groups Appendix 2 - Security meetings between Egyptian and 20 Palestinian officials July 2002 – July 2006 Acronyms BBC MS BBC Monitoring Service GI(D)(S) General Intelligence (Department)(Service) GSS General Security Service IDF Israeli Defence Force NS(F)(A)(S) National Security (Force)(Agency)(Service) PLC Palestinian Legislative Council. PLO Palestinian Liberation Organization PNA Palestinian National Authority (P)PS(S)(F) (Palestinian) Preventive Security (Service)(Force) SSWG Security Sector Working Group 06/51 The Battle for the Palestinian Security Services Gordon Bennett Introduction - after Arafat The death of Yasir Arafat, President of Palestinian Authority, on 11 November 2004 heralded many radical changes in the Palestinian movement.
    [Show full text]
  • News of Terrorism and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict
    News of Terrorism and the Israeli- Palestinian Conflict February 26 – March 4, 2014 Hamas security service operatives patrol the Israel-Gaza border to keep Gazans away from the area. Opposite them are IDF forces (Fatah Facebook page, March 1, 2014). Overview This past week a young Israeli man was stabbed in the back at a gas station near the Geha Interchange east of Tel Aviv. The Israeli security forces detained a Palestinian from Nablus who claimed he had attacked the man in retaliation for Israeli security force actions against Palestinians. Stabbing attacks are a common modus operandi of the so-called "popular resistance." Israeli Air Force aircraft struck two terrorist squads in the Gaza Strip as part of Israel's efforts to prevent rocket fire. In one instance a squad was struck as it was making final preparation to fire rockets into Israel. This past week demonstrations of defiance were carried out by Gazans at the border security fence. The Palestinian media reported that that Hamas' security services did not allow the demonstrators to reach the fence. According to an initial report, an Egyptian court designated Hamas as a terrorist organization. The ruling has to be ratified by the Egyptian government. 040-14 2 The Situation in Israel's South Israeli Stabbed by Palestinian from Nablus On March 2, 2014, a young ultra-Orthodox Israeli man was stabbed in the back at a gas station near the Geha Interchange east of Tel Aviv. He was seriously injured and evacuated to a hospital. The initial investigation revealed that a group of ultra-Orthodox men walked past the gas station when suddenly a man stabbed one of them in the back and fled.
    [Show full text]
  • How Israeli and Palestinian Media Cover the Conflict from Inside
    PATRIOTISM, PRESSURE and PRESS FREEDOM: HOW ISRAELI AND PALESTINIAN MEDIA COVER THE CONFLICT FROM INSIDE IPI Mission to Israel, the West Bank & Gaza February 12 –19, 2013 Delegates: Naomi Hunt, Senior Press Freedom Adviser, International Press Institute KjetilHaanes, Dialogue Forum Consultant & Journalist DaoudKuttab, General Manager, Amman Net and Radio Balad, IPI World Press Freedom Hero 1 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION – WHY IT MATTERS HOW CONFLICT IS COVERED........ 3 MISSION OVERVIEW ........................................................................ 5 OPERATION PILLAR OF DEFENCE & ATTACKS ON THE MEDIA.............. 6 BACKGROUND ..................................................................................................... 6 ATTACKS ON MEDIA BUILDINGS .............................................................................. 6 JOURNALISTS KILLED ............................................................................................. 8 PROPAGANDA WAR .............................................................................................. 9 MEDIA COVERAGE OF THE NOV. 2012 WAR ON GAZA..........................11 ISRAELI MEDIA COVERAGE....................................................................................12 Patriotism ........................................................................................................ 12 Human-interest stories .................................................................................... 13 Sources on the other side ...............................................................................
    [Show full text]