Journal for the Study of Antisemitism
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The Object-Gaze: Shame, Hejab, Cinema Joan Copjec
163 The Object-Gaze: Shame, Hejab, Cinema Joan Copjec The method for torturing prisoners at Abu Ghraib was chosen because it was assumed that the Islamic modesty system, or hejab, makes Muslims especially vulnerable to shame. Through an examination of the films of the Iranian filmmaker, Abbas Kiarostami, who directs films under the censorship rules imposed by hejab, and an examination of the philosoph- ical and psychoanalytic literature on shame, this paper calls into ques- tion both the assumption of the torturers and many of the restraints of the modesty system. ranian films are an exotic experience for audiences accustomed to Hollywood-dominated cinema. Not just for obvious reasons, but be- I cause the obvious - the foreign locations and people, everything we actually see on screen - is produced by a different distribution of the visible and the invisible and an alien logic of the look. One of the most spectacular heralds of Iran’s 1978-1979 Islamic Revo- lution was the torching of spectacle. Movie theatres - in one horrific case, with the audience still in it - were set on fire, incinerated by fundamental- ists. Fittingly, in this respect, Khomeini spoke, in his very first public ap- pearance as Iran’s new leader, not only of his intent to restore the authority of the mullahs and purge the country of all foreign influences, Eastern and Western; he also directly addressed the question of cinema. As might be ex- pected, he vehemently denounced it as “prostitution,” as the “Shah’s cine- ma,” but he deliberately refrained from banning it outright as a wicked mod- ern invention. -
Nordic Fascism
Nordic Fascism Investigating the Political Project Behind Bollhusmötet Master’s thesis (45 credits) Author’s name: Erik Blohmé Name of supervisor: Heléne Lööw Semester: Spring 2021 Date of Submission: May 17, 2021 HISTORISKA INSTITUTIONEN Abstract This thesis investigates the political project behind the infamous tennis hall meeting, commonly referred to as Bollhusmötet, that took place in February of 1939 in Uppsala, Sweden. Gathering in the local tennis hall, the members of the Uppsala Student Union decided to send a resolution to the Swedish king protesting the reception of Jewish refugees into Sweden in the wake of the 1938 November Pogrom. The protest was widely influential, spurring similar resolutions at other universities and arguably influencing Swedish refugee policy on a national level. The event itself was orchestrated by a group of nationalist students as part of a political project aiming to establish a Nordic power bloc with Sweden as the central power. This political milieu rejected the geopolitics of both England and Germany to promote a specific form of Nordic fascism. Antisemitism was a central part of their ideology, both regarding short- and long-term goals, and antisemitism was also the ultimate motive behind the tennis hall meeting. The architects of these events joined the mainstream conservative milieu in 1940 as part of a strategy to abolish the Swedish political system from within and restructure the Swedish state according to a fascist model bearing many similarities to national socialism. Keywords: Bollhusmötet, Heimdal, Den Svenska Linjen, Arvid Fredborg, fascism, antisemitism, national socialism, Nazism. Acknowledgments I would like to express my gratitude to Heléne Lööw who has supervised this thesis with patience, honesty, and great care. -
IRAN COUNTRY of ORIGIN INFORMATION (COI) REPORT COI Service
IRAN COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION (COI) REPORT COI Service Date 28 June 2011 IRAN JUNE 2011 Contents Preface Latest News EVENTS IN IRAN FROM 14 MAY TO 21 JUNE Useful news sources for further information REPORTS ON IRAN PUBLISHED OR ACCESSED BETWEEN 14 MAY AND 21 JUNE Paragraphs Background Information 1. GEOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................ 1.01 Maps ...................................................................................................................... 1.04 Iran ..................................................................................................................... 1.04 Tehran ................................................................................................................ 1.05 Calendar ................................................................................................................ 1.06 Public holidays ................................................................................................... 1.07 2. ECONOMY ................................................................................................................ 2.01 3. HISTORY .................................................................................................................. 3.01 Pre 1979: Rule of the Shah .................................................................................. 3.01 From 1979 to 1999: Islamic Revolution to first local government elections ... 3.04 From 2000 to 2008: Parliamentary elections -
HOLOCAUST DENIAL IS a FORM of HATE SPEECH Raphael Cohen
HOLOCAUST DENIAL IS A FORM OF HATE SPEECH ∗∗∗ Raphael Cohen-Almagor Introduction Recently Facebook confirmed that it has disabled a group called ‘I Hate Muslims in Oz.’ Barry Schnitt explained: “We disabled the ‘I Hate Muslims in Oz’ group… because it contained an explicit statement of hate. Where Holocaust-denial groups have done this and been reported, we’ve taken the same action”.1 Facebook distinguishes between ‘explicit statement of hate’ and Holocaust denial. Its directors believe that Holocaust denial is not hateful per se and does not therefore contravene the company’s terms of service. The terms of service say: “You will not post content that is hateful, threatening, pornographic, or that contains nudity or graphic or gratuitous violence”. 2 Schnitt said: “We’re always discussing and evaluating our policies on reported content, but have no plans to change this policy at this time. In addition to discussing it internally, we continue to engage with third-party experts on the issue”.3 In this short piece I wish to take issue with the assertion that Holocaust denial is not hateful per se . My aim is to show that it is, and therefore that Facebook should reconsider its position. All Internet providers and web- hosting companies whose terms of service disallow hateful messages on their servers should not host or provide forums for such hate-mongering. This is of urgent need as Holocaust denial is prevalent in Europe, the United States (USA) and across the Arab and Muslim parts of the world. Iran’s regime, under the disputed leadership of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, has made questioning the Holocaust one of the centerpieces of its radical ∗ Educator, researcher and human rights activist. -
Jerusalem Chronology 2015 January Jan. 1: the Israeli Supreme Court
Jerusalem Chronology 2015 January Jan. 1: The Israeli Supreme Court rejects an appeal to prevent the demolition of the homes of four Palestinians from East Jerusalem who attacked Israelis in West Jerusalem in recent months. - Marabouts at Al-Aqsa Mosque confront a group of settlers touring Al-Aqsa compound. Jan. 3: Palestinian MK Ahmad Tibi joins hundreds of Palestinians marching toward the Al-Aqsa Mosque in the Old City of Jerusalem to mark the Prophet Muhammad's birthday. Jan. 5: Settlers tour Al-Aqsa Mosque compound while Israeli forces confiscate the IDs of Muslims trying to enter. - Around 50 Israeli forces along with 18 settlers tour Al-Aqsa compound. Jan. 8: A Jewish Israeli man is stabbed and injured by an unknown assailant while walking near the Old City’s Damascus Gate. Jan. 9: Israeli police detain at least seven Palestinians in a series of raids in the Old City over the stabbing a day earlier. - Yedioth Ahronoth reports that the Israeli Intelligence (Shabak) frustrated an operation that was intended to blow the Dome of the Rock by an American immigrant. Jan. 11: Israeli police forces detain seven Palestinians from Silwan after a settler vehicle was torched in the area. Jan. 12: A Jerusalem magistrate court has ruled that Israeli settlers who occupied Palestinian homes in East Jerusalem may not make substantial changes to the properties. - Settlers tour Al-Aqsa Mosque compound. Jan. 13: Israeli forces detained three 14-year old youth during a raid on Issawiyya and two women while leaving Al-Aqsa Mosque. Jan. 14: Jewish extremists morning punctured the tires of 11 vehicles in Beit Safafa. -
136 Hamid Dabashi, with a Foreword Bywalter Mignolo the Very
136 Book Reviews Hamid Dabashi, with a Foreword by Walter Mignolo Can Non-Europeans Think? London: Zed Books, 2015. 272 pages. USD 18.95 (Paper- back). ISBN 9781783604197. The very ideological foundation of every civilizational discourse is primarily based on their onto-epistemological premises. One of most influential master- pieces of 20th century, Edward Said’s Orientalism, set the trend for contextual- izing the way in which Western discourse represented and constructed Eastern discourse. Limiting the import of this work only to a literary contribution was intentionally aimed to intellectually undermine its “compelling arguments” to deconstruct the colonial hegemony of post-Renaissance Eurocentric premise of Western thought. The argument started by Edward Said became the pri- mary precursor for some of most known intellectuals and Hamid Dabashi, being one of the closest admirers and followers of Edward Said, took up this task of furthering the intellectual legacy of his mentor. The foreword by Wal- ter Mignolo, one of the well-known specialists in colonial/postcolonial critical circles has buttressed the argument of this boldly unconventional and intellec- tually eponymous project. The book, “Can Non-EuropeansThink” by Hamid Dabashi, demonstrates why Edward Said and his critique of Orientalism is relevant today more than ever, especially with the epistemic shift of political culture in the Arab World. His words illuminating, utterances compelling, and insights erudite; through this collection of essays Dabashi has shown us how Edward -
Islamic Psychology
Islamic Psychology Islamic Psychology or ilm an-nafs (science of the soul) is an important introductory textbook drawing on the latest evidence in the sub-disciplines of psychology to provide a balanced and comprehensive view of human nature, behaviour and experience. Its foundation to develop theories about human nature is based upon the writings of the Qur’an, Sunnah, Muslim scholars and contemporary research findings. Synthesising contemporary empirical psychology and Islamic psychology, this book is holistic in both nature and process and includes the physical, psychological, social and spiritual dimensions of human behaviour and experience. Through a broad and comprehensive scope, the book addresses three main areas: Context, perspectives and the clinical applications of applied psychology from an Islamic approach. This book is a core text on Islamic psychology for undergraduate and postgraduate students and those undertaking continuing professional development courses in Islamic psychology, psychotherapy and counselling. Beyond this, it is also a good supporting resource for teachers and lecturers in this field. Dr G. Hussein Rassool is Professor of Islamic Psychology, Consultant and Director for the Riphah Institute of Clinical and Professional Psychology/Centre for Islamic Psychology, Pakistan. He is accountable for the supervision and management of the four psychology departments, and has responsibility for scientific, educational and professional standards, and efficiency. He manages and coordinates the RICPP/Centre for Islamic Psychology programme of research and educational development in Islamic psychology, clinical interventions and service development, and liaises with the Head of the Departments of Psychology to assist in the integration of Islamic psychology and Islamic ethics in educational programmes and development of research initiatives and publication of research. -
Confronting Antisemitism in Modern Media, the Legal and Political Worlds an End to Antisemitism!
Confronting Antisemitism in Modern Media, the Legal and Political Worlds An End to Antisemitism! Edited by Armin Lange, Kerstin Mayerhofer, Dina Porat, and Lawrence H. Schiffman Volume 5 Confronting Antisemitism in Modern Media, the Legal and Political Worlds Edited by Armin Lange, Kerstin Mayerhofer, Dina Porat, and Lawrence H. Schiffman ISBN 978-3-11-058243-7 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-067196-4 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-067203-9 DOI https://10.1515/9783110671964 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. For details go to https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Library of Congress Control Number: 2021931477 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2021 Armin Lange, Kerstin Mayerhofer, Dina Porat, Lawrence H. Schiffman, published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston The book is published with open access at www.degruyter.com Cover image: Illustration by Tayler Culligan (https://dribbble.com/taylerculligan). With friendly permission of Chicago Booth Review. Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck www.degruyter.com TableofContents Preface and Acknowledgements IX LisaJacobs, Armin Lange, and Kerstin Mayerhofer Confronting Antisemitism in Modern Media, the Legal and Political Worlds: Introduction 1 Confronting Antisemitism through Critical Reflection/Approaches -
The Evolution of Swedish Fascism: Self-Identity and Ideology in Interwar Sweden
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Apollo The Evolution of Swedish Fascism: Self-identity and Ideology in Interwar Sweden The Version of Record of this manuscript has been published and is available Patterns of Prejudice, Nov. 2016, http://www.tandfonline.com/, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0031322X.2016.1237386 Abstract Historians and social scientists generally understand nationalism to be the defining feature of fascism. This study challenges that assumption with the examination of Swedish fascist movements through the concept of self-identity. Based on interwar fascist periodicals, the development of Swedish fascists‘ self-identity in relation to race, nation, and the signifiers of ‗fascism‘ and ‗National Socialism‘, is traced from the early 1920s when an overt attachment to Mussolini‘s model was displayed, through a National Socialist phase showing a cautious commitment to Nazi Germany, ending with a final phase of ‗anonymisation‘. In the face of criticism that their ideology was alien to Sweden, fascists adapted their self-representation to accommodate nationalist commitments, developing a transnational racialist ideology believed to be more in tune with Swedish political culture. When public opinion turned decisively against ‗international fascism‘ in the mid-1930s, they were forced to discard the name and image of ‗fascism‘ altogether, in a final phase of anonymisation, which however did not entail any significant ideological metamorphosis. Keywords Sweden, fascism, racialism, national socialism, Nazism, discourse, identity, ideology Below I will consider fascist self-identity in Sweden, what I argue is its awkward relationship to nationalism, and how that relationship drove ideological change. -
“The Elephant in the Room Usually Centres Around Israel”
“The elephant in the room usually centres around Israel” A thematic analysis of how institutional and organisational actors understand and approach antisemitism in general and among Muslims in Sweden Master’s Programme in Social Work and Human Rights Degree Report: 30 higher education credits Autumn 2018 Author: Annemarie Ammer Supervisor: Ulf Borelius Abstract Working Title: “The elephant in the room usually centres around Israel” A thematic analysis of how institutional and organisational actors understand and approach antisemitism in general and among Muslims in Sweden Keywords: Thematic analysis, antisemitism, antisemitism among Muslims, organisational work The Master’s thesis deals with the topic of antisemitism in Sweden and, as an aspect of that, focuses on antisemitic attitudes among Muslims. Antisemitism, the hostility towards Jews, has changed its forms of manifestation throughout history, but persists to the current day. In Sweden, research on antisemitism remains limited, especially with focus on antisemitic attitudes among Muslims. This study seeks to contribute to a more detailed understanding of antisemitism in Sweden. The aim of the study was to describe and analyse how different institutional and organisational actors approach the topic of antisemitism and how they represent strategies to deal with antisemitism in general and/or among Muslims (specifically or in line with other forms of discrimination). Thereby, a social constructionist perspective was applied throughout the research. The interview material consists of eight semi-structured interviews with representatives of seven different organisations and projects, with the following research questions: How do the organisations construct antisemitism? How do the organisations represent their work and strategies to tackle antisemitism among Muslims? What discourses do the organisations draw on to construct the basis for their work? To answer these questions, a semi-structured interview guide served as framework for conducting the interviews. -
Holocaust Denial in Australia
ABSTRACT This paper explores the nature of Holocaust denial in Australia. It does so through a study of the beliefs and activities of the three organizations for whom Holocaust denial is a central belief: the Australian League of Rights, the Australian Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), and the Adelaide Institute. Their activities, their international ties, and their relationship with the broader racist Right in Australia is considered. The paper concludes by reflecting on the future directions and responses to Holocaust denial. INTRODUCTION The nature of Australian Holocaust denial organizations, their activities, and their place in broader far Right circles is different from denial organizations in other countries. This is explained by the dominant role of the Australian League of Rights in far Right politics, the civil liberties origins of the Australian Civil Liberties Union, the lack of sizeable neo- Nazi groups in Australia, and the dominance of anti-Aboriginal and anti- Asian issues on the far Right agenda. In addition, unlike many European countries where denial is explained as a response to their wartime collaboration with the Nazis, this motive does not exist in Australia which fought against the Nazis and her allies. Although Holocaust denial is a fringe activity in Australia, it has significantly increased over the last two decades with a concomitant growth in collaboration between Australian and overseas Holocaust deniers. This is not just a Jewish concern for Holocaust deniers have become a leading element within the racist Right with whom they share a common worldview. This is because in addition to their antisemitism, Australian Holocaust deniers expound racist and xenophobic policies and views. -
Manifestations of Antisemitism in the EU 2002 - 2003
Manifestations of Antisemitism in the EU 2002 - 2003 Based on information by the National Focal Points of the RAXEN Information Network Manifestations of Antisemitism in the EU 2002 – 2003 Based on information by the National Focal Points of the EUMC - RAXEN Information Network EUMC - Manifestations of Antisemitism in the EU 2002 - 2003 2 EUMC – Manifestations of Antisemitism in the EU 2002 – 2003 Foreword Following concerns from many quarters over what seemed to be a serious increase in acts of antisemitism in some parts of Europe, especially in March/April 2002, the EUMC asked the 15 National Focal Points of its Racism and Xenophobia Network (RAXEN) to direct a special focus on antisemitism in its data collection activities. This comprehensive report is one of the outcomes of that initiative. It represents the first time in the EU that data on antisemitism has been collected systematically, using common guidelines for each Member State. The national reports delivered by the RAXEN network provide an overview of incidents of antisemitism, the political, academic and media reactions to it, information from public opinion polls and attitude surveys, and examples of good practice to combat antisemitism, from information available in the years 2002 – 2003. On receipt of these national reports, the EUMC then asked an independent scholar, Dr Alexander Pollak, to make an evaluation of the quality and availability of this data on antisemitism in each country, and identify problem areas and gaps. The country-by-country information provided by the 15 National Focal Points, and the analysis by Dr Pollak, form Chapter 1 and Chapter 2 of this report respectively.