DOCSLIB.ORG

II False Rape Allegations

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
II False Rape Allegations -1 I •':,. <. / Archives of Sexual Behavior, Vol. 23, No. I, 1994 False Rape Allegations Eugene J. Kanin, Ph.D.1 'I I With the cooperation of the police agency of a small metropolitan community, \ 45 consecutive, dispo~ed, false rape allegations covering a 9 year period were studied. These false rape allegations constitule 41% the total forcible rape cases \ (n = 109) reported during this period. These false allegations appear to serve . three major functions for the complainants: providing an a lib~ seeking' revenge, \ i and obtaining sympathy and attention. False rape allegations are. not the i consequence of a gender-linked aberration;' as frequently claimed, but reflect impulsive and desperate efforts to cope· with personal and social stress \ situations. · l KEY WORDS: rape; sex_ual assault; unfounded rape; rape mythology. I \ INTRODUCTION I Of the many controversies surrounding the crime of ra,pe, no more thorny issu~ arises than that dealing with.false allegations. o·enerally, this issue is couched in terms of unfounded rape. However, we are not addressing that concept here since unfounded rape is not usually the \ I equivalent of false allegation, in spite of widespread usage to that effect. There is ample evidence, frequently ignored (see MacDonald, 1971; \ I \ Brownmiller, 1975), that in practice, unfounded rape can and does mean I many things, with false allegation being only one of them, and sometimes the least of them. Other factors that are typically responsible for unfounded declarations are victim's late reporting to the police, lack of I corroborating evidence, lack of cooperation by the victim and/or witnesses, I reporting in the wrong jurisdiction, discrepancies in the victim'~ story, \ wrong address given by the _victim, victim's drunkenness, victim's drug .oOl,;,' \ ::i ~ '\':!~ usage, victim's being thought a_ prostitute, victim's uncertainty of events, ,}~~ . 1 I Dcpartmenl of Sociology and Anthropology, Purdue University, 1365 Winthrop E. Stone Hall, Wcsl Lafaycuc, Indiana 47907-1365. \ . 81 ------ I 82 Kanln False Rnpe Allegntlons 83 I . victim's belligerence (Clark and L~wis, 1977; Hursch, 1977; Katz and Currently, the two main identifiable adversaries involved in the false Mazur, 1979; Kanin, 1985; LaFree, 1989). In sum, the foregoing largely rape allegations controversy are the femiriists and the police. The fem:nists represent those conditions that coul~ seriously frustrate efforts to arrest are by far the most expressive and prominent on this issue. Some feminists · and/or convict· the offender. This paper deals exclusively with false rape take ·the position that the declaration of rape as false or unfounded largely allegations: the intentional-reporting ?fa forcible rape by an alleged victim means that the police do not believe the complainant; that is, th!:! rape . when no rl3-pe had occurred. I ' · . charges are real reflections of criminal: assault, but the agents of the l False rape charges have probably been in existence ·as Jong as the : criminal justice system do not believe them (Brownmiller, 1975; Russell, ! concept of rape. However, in _the 20t~ century, medical jurisprudence saw 1984). Some feminists virtually deny the existence of false rape accusations 'I a new development that enabled false; allegations to be viewed as a singular and believe the concept itself constitutes discriminatory harassment tow~rd instance of gender-related lying, sorn1ething quite different in nature from women (see Grano, 1990). On the pther hand, police are prone to say I the false• accusations of robbery or purglaryI that were made by men. In the reason for not believing some rape complainants resides in the fact I short, false rape accusations became ia reflection of a unique condition of that the rapes never occurred (Payton, 1967; Wilson, 1978; Jay, 1991). women,· not unlike that of kleptomania (Abelson, 1989). This new devel­ Medical Examiners lend support to this police position by. emphasizing opment was the masochistic nature df woman doctrine, a perspective that the ever-present possibility that rape complainants may be lying (Shiff, assumed women had a subconscious ~esire for rape, as evidenced by their 1969, 1971). I rape fantasies (Freud, 1933; Deutsch, 1944; Horney, 1933), and that neu- · The purpose of this paper is to report our findings on the incidence rotic individuals would convert tht:hir fantasies into actual beliefs ·and and dynamics of false rape allegations from a long-term study of one city's policy agency. · memory falsification (for an extensi~e. and critical treatment of this per- ' . spective, se·e Edwards, 1981, 1983; Kamn,. 1982; Bessmer, 1984). In addition, some influential medi~al figures adop~ed the position that false METHOD \. rape allegations were widespread (M\inninger, 1933; Guttmacher and Wei- . i · hofen, 1952). Many legal scholars ~nthusiastically endorsei;i this medical position (Wigmore, 1940; Juiiver, 1960; Comment, 1973; Hibey, 1973) and This investigation is· essentially a case study of one police agency in commonly recommended that rape coriiplainants be routi~ely subjected topsy­ a small metropolitan area (population_ = 70,000) i,n the ,vlidw~stern United chiatric examination in order to dete~ine their truthfulness (Guttmacher and States. This city was targeted for study because it offered an almost, model • I .· Weihofen, 1952; Sherwin, 1973; Comment, 1973). An American· Bar laboratory for studying false rape allegations. First., its police agency is not Association committee offered a si~ilar recommendation to this effect as inundated with serious felony cases and, therefore,_-has the freedom and • I early as 1937-1938 (Weihofen, 1959). the motivation to r~cord and thoroughly pursue all rape complaints. _In fact, In the legal literature, pseudologia plzantastica became the authorita­ agency policy forbids police officers to use their discretion in deciding tive scientific label for the condition responsible for false rape reporting whether to officially acknowledge a rape complaint, regardless how ~uspect that complaint may be. -Second; the dedaration of a false allegation follows (Grablewski, 1958; Juliver, 1960). P~eudologia phantastica was described a highly institutionalized procedure. The investigation of all rape com­ as a "Delusional· state in which the cpmplainant truly believes that she had plaints always involves a serious offer to polygraph the complainants' and been raped although no rape,',and.~erhaps no sexual contact of any kind, the 'suspects. Additionally, for a declaration of false charge to be made, had taken place. Since she- firmly 9elieves this non-fact, her story is UIJ­ the complainant must admit that n6 rape had occurred .. She is the sole shakaole" (Bessmer, 1984), Less pre_tentious legal scholars made the same ' agent who can say that the rape charge is false. The police department point by merely. making referenceh to delusional and hy~~erical states will not declare a rape charge as false when the complainant, for whatever (Smith, 1953-1954; Comment, 1970). In recent years, however, possibly as reason, fail5 to pur:me the charge or cooperate on the case, regardle~ how a response to the women's mov.emeht, members of the mental health and much doubt the police may have regar.dirig the validity of the charge. In legal community have become· mark~dly less likely to express such a posi­ short, these cases are declared false only because the complainant admitted tion on false rape allegations. In England, judges still rather freely comment they are false. Furthermore, only one person is then. empowered to enter on the mendacious nature of womeh (Lowe, 1984). into the .records a formal declaration that the charge is false, the officer I I ! ---::=:::--=--~ I i Kunin 84 False Rape Allegallons 85 ! l i . • i iri charge of records. Last, it should; be noted that this department does The study of these 45 cases of false rape allegations inexorably led I not confuse reported rape attempts ,vith completed rapes. Thus, the rape to the conclusion that these false charges were able to serve three major l complainants referred to in this paper are for completed forcible rapes func~ions for the complainants: providing an alibi, a· means of gaining re­ ! only. The foregoing leaves us with a fertain confidence that cases declared venge, and a platform for seeking attention/sympathy. This tripartite model false by this police agency are indeep a reasonable-if not a minimal­ resulted from the complainants' own verbalizations during recantation and reflection of false rape allegations made to this agency, especially when does not constitute conjecture. Of course,. we are not asserting that these one :considers that a finding of false1 allegation is totally dependent upon .· functions are mutually exclusive oi_ exhaustive; rather, these rape recanta­ the recantation of the rape charge. \ ~ .. tions focused on a single factor explanatiori. A_ possible objection to these We followed and investigated all false rape allegations from 1978 to · recantations concerns their validity. Rape recantations could be the result 1987.. A ranking police official notified us whenever a, rape charge was of the complainants' desire to avoid a "second assault" at the hands of the declared false and provided us withj the records of the case. In addition, police. Rather than proceed with the real charge of rape, the argument the investigating officers provided any requested supplementary information goes, these women withdrew their accusations to avoid the trauma of police so that we could be confident of th~ validity .of the false rape allegation investigation. declarations. · I Several responses are PO!lsible to this type of criticism. First, with very I few exceptions, these complainants were suspect at the time of the com­ . I plaint or within a day or two after charging. These recantations did not FINDINGS follow prolonged periods of investigation and interrogation that would con­ I stitute anything approximating -a second assault. Second, not one of· the Incidence of False Allegations detectives believed that an incident of false recantation.had occurred.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • North American Journal of Psychology, 1999. PUB DATE 1999-00-00 NOTE 346P.; Published Semi-Annually
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 449 388 CG 029 765 AUTHOR McCutcheon, Lynn E., Ed. TITLE North American Journal of Psychology, 1999. PUB DATE 1999-00-00 NOTE 346p.; Published semi-annually. AVAILABLE FROM NAJP, 240 Harbor Dr., Winter Garden, FL 34787 ($35 per annual subscription). Tel: 407-877-8364. PUB TYPE Collected Works Serials (022) JOURNAL CIT North American Journal of Psychology; vl n1-2 1999 EDRS PRICE MF01/PC14 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Psychology; *Research Tools; *Scholarly Journals; *Social Science Research ABSTRACT "North American Journal of Psychology" publishes scientific papers of general interest to psychologists and other social scientists. Articles included in volume 1 issue 1 (June 1999) are: "Generalist Looks at His Career in Teaching: Interview with Dr. Phil Zimbardo"; "Affective Information in Videos"; "Infant Communication"; "Defining Projective Techniques"; "Date Selection Choices in College Students"; "Study of the Personality of Violent Children"; "Behavioral and Institutional Theories of Human Resource Practices"; "Self-Estimates of Intelligence:"; "When the Going Gets Tough, the Tough Get Going"; "Behaviorism and Cognitivism in Learning Theory"; "On the Distinction between Behavioral Contagion, Conversion Conformity, and Compliance Conformity"; "Promoting Altruism in Troubled Youth"; The Influence of insecurity on Exchange and Communal Intimates"; "Height as Power in Women"; "Moderator Effects of Managerial Activity Inhibition on the Relation between Power versus Affiliation Motive Dominance and Econdmic Efficiency";
    [Show full text]
  • It's Contagious: Rethinking a Metaphor Dialogically
    Article Culture & Psychology 2015, Vol. 21(3) 359–379 It’s contagious: ! The Author(s) 2015 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav Rethinking a metaphor DOI: 10.1177/1354067X15601190 dialogically cap.sagepub.com Zachary J Warren Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA Se´amus A Power University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA Abstract ‘‘Contagion’’ appears frequently in peer-reviewed articles and in popular media to explain the spread of ideas, feelings, and behaviors. In the context of social science, however, we argue that this metaphor leads to magical thinking and should be described as a simile, rather than a metaphor. We review literature on ‘‘social contagion’’ using the dialogical paradigm and conclude that peer-reviewed claims tend to correspond with imagined realities from epidemiology rather than social science, including assumptions of passive and linear microbial spread, as well as pathology. We explore case studies on the spread of laughter, riot behavior, and ‘‘mass psychogenic illness,’’ and find that social contagion involves social meanings negotiated at the level of persons and groups that are uncharacteristic to the spread of diseases. Dialogism is presented as a correction to the epidemiological paradigm. Keywords Dialogical theory, contagion theory, psychogenic illness, spread, metaphor, riot behavior, laughter, Bakhtin, Afghanistan, dialogism Introduction In February 2012, the Le Roy School District in Le Roy, New York, reported a ‘‘twitching disease’’ that affected over a dozen teen girls and at least one adult. The New York Department of Health launched an investigation in search of envir- onmental causes, and environmental activist Erin Brochovich sent a team Corresponding author: Se´amus A Power, Department of Comparative Human Development, Social Sciences Research Building, Office 103, 1126 East 59th St, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • Culture, Context and Mental Health of Somali Refugees
    Culture, context and mental health of Somali refugees A primer for staff working in mental health and psychosocial support programmes I © UNHCR, 2016. All rights reserved Reproduction and dissemination for educational or other non- commercial purposes is authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction for resale or other commercial purposes, or translation for any purpose, is prohibited without the written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission should be addressed to the Public Health Section of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) at [email protected] This document is commissioned by UNHCR and posted on the UNHCR website. However, the views expressed in this document are those of the authors and not necessarily those of UNHCR or other institutions that the authors serve. The editors and authors have taken all reasonable precautions to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either express or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees be liable for damages arising from its use. Suggested citation: Cavallera, V, Reggi, M., Abdi, S., Jinnah, Z., Kivelenge, J., Warsame, A.M., Yusuf, A.M., Ventevogel, P. (2016). Culture, context and mental health of Somali refugees: a primer for staff working in mental health and psychosocial support programmes. Geneva, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Cover photo: Dollo Ado, South East Ethiopia / Refugees are waiting for non-food items like plastic sheets and jerry cans.
    [Show full text]
  • UC Irvine UC Irvine Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UC Irvine UC Irvine Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title e-Rudeness at Work: The Impact of Rude Email on Employee Performance Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2192w2h7 Author McCarthy, Kimberly Anne Publication Date 2014 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE e-Rudeness at Work: The Impact of Rude Email on Employee Performance DISSERTATION submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Management by Kimberly McCarthy Dissertation Committee: Professor Jone Pearce, Chair Professor (Emeritus) Lyman Porter Professor Gerardo Okhuysen Assistant Professor Christopher Bauman 2014 © 2014 Kimberly A. McCarthy DEDICATION TO My boys “Do what makes you happy, be with who makes you smile, laugh as much as you breathe, and love as long as you live.” ― Rachel Ann Nunes For my sons, James and Drew, who make me laugh as much as I breathe, and for my husband Tom, who I will love as long as I live. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES........................................................................................................................vi LIST OF FIGURES.....................................................................................................................vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.......................................................................................................viii CURRICULUM VITAE...............................................................................................................x
    [Show full text]
  • Ancestral Calling O Practical Challenges About Cultural Syndromes in SA Workplace O Recommended Way Forward for Consideration and Inclusion
    Practical Challenges That Are Posed By ‘Cultural Syndromes’ Within The EAP Context In South Africa Dr Fundile Nyati 20th September 2019 1 Presentation Outline o Introduction o About DSM V o Culture bound Syndromes Vs Cultural Syndromes o About Mass Hysteria o About Ancestral Calling o Practical Challenges About Cultural Syndromes in SA workplace o Recommended Way Forward For Consideration and Inclusion Significant Advance From DSM 4-TR Concept of Culture-Bound Syndromes 2 MY MASTERS RESEARCH THESIS Team Member of Global PsyMap-ZN Researchers For My PhD Studies With UKZN 3 Culture Bound Syndromes To Cultural Syndromes • DSM-5 was launched on 18th May 2013, replacing DSM-4TR. • Ground breaking leadership work by Dr Roberto Lewis- Fernandez, leader of DSM 5 Study Group on Cultural Syndromes. (Cultural Psychiatrist, Columbia University, USA) 4 Defining ‘Culture Bound Syndromes’ (DSM - 4TR) In Medicine and Anthropology, a Culture Bound Syndrome or Folk Illness is a combination of Psychiatric and Somatic symptoms that are considered to be a recognisable disease only within a specific society or culture. 5 Defining Cultural Syndromes DSM-5 Cluster of symptoms and attributions that tend to co-occur amongst individuals in specific cultural groups, communities, or context, and these are recognised as coherent patterns of experience. Significant Advance From DSM 4-TR Concept of Culture-Bound Syndromes 6 EMIC View Of Cultural Syndromes o More inclusive range of psychopathology across the globe, and not just particular constructs of the West (US, Western Europe or Canada). o Includes Cultural Concepts of Distress (CCD’s) to enhance the validity and clinical usefulness in diagnostic practice.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Contagion of Vasovagal Reactions in the Blood Collection Clinic: a Possible Example of Mass Psychogenic Illness
    Health Psychology © 2014 American Psychological Association 2014, Vol. 33, No. 7, 639–645 0278-6133/14/$12.00 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/hea0000053 Social Contagion of Vasovagal Reactions in the Blood Collection Clinic: A Possible Example of Mass Psychogenic Illness Blaine Ditto, Nelson Byrne, Crystal Holly, and Saharnaz Balegh McGill University Objective: Observing or hearing about illness in another person can lead to reports of similar symptoms. Reports can occasionally be widespread. However, it has been difficult to document whether this is the result of genuine illness or the expression of anxiety with physical terminology. This study examined the effects of being able to see another blood donor experience vasovagal symptoms. Methods: Data were collected in mobile university blood collection clinics. Bedside research assistants coded whether the donor was able or not able to see another donor being treated for vasovagal symptoms. Dependent variables included subjective vasovagal symptoms indicated on the Blood Donation Reactions Inventory (BDRI) and the need for treatment oneself. Given the population of inexperienced donors, many (26% of the 1,209 participants) were able to see another donor treated for symptoms. Results: Being able to see another donor treated was associated with higher scores on the BDRI and an increased likelihood of treatment for vasovagal symptoms oneself. However, this was limited to non-first-time blood donors, perhaps because of higher levels in first-time donors (ceiling effects) or greater attention to the environment in less “overwhelmed” repeat donors. In general, donors who were able to see another react rated themselves as less relaxed and had smaller increases in heart rate.
    [Show full text]
  • BA-Thesis the Emerge of a 2-Dimensional Global Society
    BA-thesis Sociology The emerge of a 2-dimensional global society The exploitation of the social media, herd behaviour, moral panics and the 5th estate Muhammed Emin Kizilkaya Viðar Halldórsson January 2018 The emerge of a 2-dimensional global society The exploitation of the social media, herd behavior, moral panics and the 5th estate Muhammed Emin Kizilkaya Final project for BA-degree in Sociology Supervisor: Viðar Halldórsson 12 ECTS Faculty of Social Sciences of the University of Iceland January, 2018 2 Cohesion and fragmentation In the fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of BA in Sociology it is forbidden to copy this thesis without the author’s permission © Muhammed Emin Kizilkaya, 2018 3 Abstract We live in a 2-dimensional global society divided between the physical world and the virtual world both representing the social reality but constructed into different norms and standards, that each defines the contemporary post-modern information society that we all globally have become a part of. This thesis gives an abstract overview of the significant determination of the virtual world implying different perspectives on everything from micro to macro, from social to political, from mental to biological with the intention of broadening the attention on sudden societal transformation as a function of rapid technological processes. Excluding the virtual world when analysing the behaviour of individuals in all global societies increases the possibility of research bias as technology has become the society today. The new virtual world has become a more significant agent of change than the physical world and this new world should never be taken for granted.
    [Show full text]
  • The Martensville Moral Panic
    THE MARTENSVILLE MORAL PANIC by MICHAEL EDWARD HALE B.A., Sir George Williams University, 1968 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES Department of Anthropology and Sociology We accept this thesis as conforming THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA April 2001 © Michael Edward Hale, 2001 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It.is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department of (Xvyflq/O^foJ^ H- SDC(Q I The University of British Columbia Vancouver, Canada Date Q^f'Sl 71, lOO} 11 Abstract This is a study of a child abuse panic. The events that brought Martensville, Saskatchewan to national and international attention in 1992 were similar in many respects to other panics concerning multiple allegations of child abuse that occurred in the Western world in the 1980s and 1990s. The methodology of the study included a review of descriptions of child abuse panics published in the mass media and in books and journal articles. Interviews were conducted with residents of Martensville, child advocates, reporters, investigators, officers of the court, expert witnesses and several of the accused.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Influence in Second Life: Social Network and Social Psychological Processes in the Diffusion of Belief and Behaviour on the Web
    Social Influence in Second Life: Social Network and Social Psychological Processes in the Diffusion of Belief and Behaviour on the Web Aleksandra K Krotoski Thesis submitted for Ph.D. degree in Psychology August 2009 Department of Psychology Faculty of Arts and Human Sciences University of Surrey Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH UK ! 2009, Some Rights Reserved (See: Appendix 4) Aleksandra K Krotoski 2 Abstract The Internet has challenged social psychological theories of influence that have focussed on interpersonal perceptions of trustworthiness, expertise and similarity, and normative attributions of social identity. As knowledge is increasingly decentralised and user-generated, new questions arise about how online participants identify which information to adopt or reject. This thesis examines which social psychological and social network analytic features predict attitude and behaviour change using information gathered about 47,643 related avatars in the virtual community Second Life. Using data collected over three studies from online surveys and data accessed from the application’s computer servers, it describes why the structure of a social system, an individual’s position in a social group, and the structural content of an online relationship have been effective at predicting when influence occurs. The first study assessed the relationship between network strength and attributions of trust, credibility, social comparison and prototypicality. Results suggested that network theories that describe influence on the basis of network strength do so because it implicates interpersonal and normative features of influence, evident in this community by the amount of offline information account holders disclose to online contacts. The second study examined the features that predicted attitudes to sexual activity in the virtual world.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Contagion
    Social contagion We've all become familiar with viral After reading this, see our leaflet contagion. ‘The transgender craze’ for how this concept relates to the surge This briefing explains the concept of in transgenderism in recent social contagion. years. Defining social contagion Beliefs, feelings and behaviours spread quickly. At times this examples of social contagions can be contagious. We all know can seem almost inexplicable. and how they spread, including people whose enthusiasm is But psychological or other how Christians should infectious. But harmful and manipulative techniques, understand this phenomenon. irrational things can also spread whether used deliberately or not, from person to person. This is can convince people to believe or often called ‘social contagion’. behave irrationally. It covers many things, from the Many social contagions rapid spread of anorexia and are now being spread through self-harm among young people online pseudo-communities. to outbreaks of mass hysteria. These can play a decisive role Even some medical symptoms in manipulating people. They have been found to be socially pressure others to engage in contagious. damaging activities and so spread Often ‘contagions’ can appear the contagion. to come out of nowhere and This briefing looks at THE WERTHER EFFECT The ‘Werther Effect’ is an in the 18th century. The novel example of what are known is about a young man, Werther, today as social contagions. It caught up in a love triangle. refers to copycat suicides, often Tragically, he eventually kills following a highly publicised case. himself. The term comes from a As the book's popularity grew series of suicides across across Europe, some readers shot Europe after the themselves with the same kind of publication of pistol Werther used in the novel.
    [Show full text]
  • The Contribution of Women to Peace and Reconciliation
    The Contribution of Women to Peace and Reconciliation Report on a two-year cooperation project with peace activists from Somalia, Rwanda, Ex-Yugoslavia, Israel and Palestine. Team of Experts: Gadha Al-Jabda, Birgit Daiber, Shukria Dini, Lama Hourani, Marlis Gensler, Molly Malekar, Yolande Mukagasana, Bosiljka Schedlich, Simone Susskind Ed. Birgit Daiber | Rosa-Luxemburg-Foundation Brussels THE CONTRIBUTION OF WOMEN TO PEACE AND RECONCILIATION Report on a two-year cooperation project with peace activists from Somalia, Rwanda, Ex-Yugoslavia, Israel and Palestine. Team of Experts: Gadha Al-Jabda, Birgit Daiber, Shukria Dini, Lama Hourani, Marlis Gensler, Molly Malekar, Yolande Mukagasana, Bosiljka Schedlich, Simone Susskind Ed. Birgit Daiber Rosa Luxemburg-Foundation Brussels Rosa Luxemburg Foundation Brussels www.rosalux-europa.info ((1 Rosa Luxemburg Foundation Brussels Office 2012 [email protected], www.rosalux-europa.info The Contribution of Women to Peace and Reconciliation Published by Rosa Luxemburg Foundation Brussels www.rosalux-europa.info Translation: Phil Hill Layout: Edition Lit.europe, Berlin Printed and bound by Motiv Offset Sponsored by the Federal Republic of Germany 2 Content The Contribution of Women to Peace and Reconciliation – Project Report Introduction ........................................................................... 5 The Working Approach of the Project ................................... 14 Analysis of The Country Reports ........................................... 16 General Conclusions .............................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Sopranos’ and Sport: Psychoanalytic and Queer Theories of Embodiment
    This is an electronic version of an article published in Sykes, H. (2007). Anxious identification in ‘The Sopranos’ and sport: Psychoanalytic and queer theories of embodiment. Sport, Education and Society, 12(2), 127-139. Cognition and Instruction is available online at http://www.informaworld.com/openurl?genre=article&issn=1357- 3322&volume=12&issue=2&spage=127 ANXIOUS IDENTIFICATION IN ‘THE SOPRANOS’ AND SPORT: PSYCHOANALYTIC AND QUEER THEORIES OF EMBODIMENT Heather Sykes Ontario Institute for Studies in Education University of Toronto Manuscript submitted for publication in Sport, Education and Society Editor: John Evans May 2005 Contact Address: Dept. Curriculum, Teaching & Learning 252 Bloor Street West Toronto, ON M5S 1V6 Canada Tel: 416 923 6641 ext 2439 E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The paper uses an episode from the ‘The Sopranos’ television series to illustrate how embodied experiences of sporting practices such as high school football involve both conscious and unconscious dynamics. I outline how cultural practices, such as masculinist sport, are psychically incorporated into the body through various mechanisms of identification. The paper reviews Freud’s notion of the bodily ego, particularly his distinction between instinct and drive, to clarify how phantasy and representation are involved in the formation of embodied subjectivity. Contemporary queer theories about identification provide insights into how psychic dynamics both reinforce and undermine the illusory cultural promise of heteronormative whiteness offered by high school sport and physical education. Keywords Sport, embodiment, identification, psychoanalysis, queer theory. 2 ANXIOUS IDENTIFICATION IN ‘THE SOPRANOS’ AND SPORT: PSYCHOANALYTIC AND QUEER THEORIES OF EMBODIMENT Most of us are both consciously and unconsciously engaged in strategies that provide protection against the putative dangers of encroachment that other bodies seem to pose (Shildrick, 2005:1).
    [Show full text]