February 22, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3023 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS AVIATRIX SETS RECORD WITH No education-no decent job. adds that the phenomenon is "enor­ UNICEF ESSAYS No decent job-depending on your parents. mously revealing of the problems of Depending on your parents-never growing fashioning sensible economic and up. budget policies." Because Samuelson's Never growing up-afraid to try somPthing HON. CHARLES McC. MATHIAS, JR. new. analysis is particularly insightful, I am OF MARYLAND Afraid to try something new-never learn- entering his column in the RECORD. I IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES ing. would also like to take a moment to Never learning-limited life. elaborate on his suggestion. Wednesday, February 22, 1984 Limited life-finding a dead end. As an economist, Samuelson views e Mr. MATHIAS. Mr. President, it is Finding a dead end-starving. the IDB controversy in terms of effi­ not often that children have an oppor­ Starving-dying. Dying-never living life. ciency. His first question: "Are we allo­ tunity to participate in a historic cating our tax dollars efficiently?" is event, but this month students from answered with an unequivocal: "No." my State of Maryland had that UNICEF 1984 VALENTINE'S DAY ESSAY "The new bonds erode the Federal tax chance. Maryland grade-school chil­ CONTEST WINNERS base and raise interest rates on public dren, together with their counterparts FROM MARYLAND purpose bonds," he says. He calls the in the District of Columbia and Virgin­ <1 > Emily To pf, Sidwell Friends School. idea that we are promoting much eco­ ia, participated in the second annual <2> Athena Kopsidas, The Rev. Thomas nomic development farf etched, and he UNICEF essay contest, expressing Daniel's Greek Orthodox Parochial School. goes so far as to say that most borrow­ their concern for the welfare of the <3> Jay Quash, Sidwell Friends School. ers do not need the subsidy, and be­ world's children. Their essays then (4) Georgia Kalapothakos, The Rev. Thomas Daniel's Greek Orthodox Parochial cause most localities have them they traveled around the world with avia­ no longer create a competitive edge. trix Brooke Knapp as she broke the School. world speed record, flying around the FROM WASHINGTON, D.C. As a discouraged political analyst, (1) Todd Johnson, Murch Elementary Samuelson worries that "economic in­ globe in 45 hours, 32 minutes, and 53 efficiencies are politically irrelevant," seconds. School. <2 > Maria Degretzikos, The Rev. Thomas and he points out that no one seems to Mrs. Knapp and her crew stopped in Daniel's Greek Orthodox Parochial School. care whether the investment of our London, Moscow, Novosibirsk-the (3) Rebecca Davis, Murch Elementary tax dollars is "misallocated and ineffi­ Soviet Union's atomic research city, School. cient." "Groups * * * " he says, "de­ Peking, and Tokyo, in addition to their <4> Thea Joselow, Murch Elementary plore Federal deficits one day and American destinations. Wherever the School. (5) Adam Feinstein, Murch Elementary defend the proliferation of tax-exempt plane landed, Mrs. Knapp was greeted bonds the next." by children who accepted the essays School. and letters from American children. <6> Ayanna E. M. Dunn, Washington Mr. Speaker, I am sympathetic to Those children also gave her letters International School. Mr. Samuelson's discouragement and artwork to bring back to the FROM VIRGINIA about the confusion we face when United States. O> Greg Hunter, Jamestown Elementary making economic decisions. To an School. economist and even to the casual ob­ Brooke Knapp's good-will mission in <2> Kate Connally, Jamestown Elementary server the decisions appear so obvi­ behalf of the world's children, togeth­ School. ous-if we have a deficit we cut spend­ er with a previous transpolar flight, is <3> Drake Witham, Jamestown Elementa­ ing or we increase revenues; if we have expected to raise about $500,000 in ry School. a program that is inefficient and is gifts and pledges to UNICEF. <4> Karen Massa, Jamestown Elementary growing out of hand, we place reasona­ Mrs. Knapp's flight set a diplomatic School. <5> Mary Lu, Norfolk Academy.e ble limits on it. To those of us entrust­ record, too. Her Gulfstream III plane ed with such decisions the issues are was the first private American plane often more complex, yet I still insist to be cleared to fly across the Soviet that the facts are not so confused as to Union in 40 years. At a time of INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT condone inaction. strained American-Soviet relations, it BONDS Mr. Samuelson's article follows: is reassuring that a flight for UNICEF can open the airways and give life to HON. JOHN J. LaFALCE [From the Washington Post. Feb. 22, 1984J authentic concern for the world's chil­ OF NEW YORK TAX-EXEMPT BONDS: A STUDY IN POLITICS dren. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is the latest legislator tan area should be proud to have par­ e Mr. LAFALCE. Mr. Speaker, within to discover the politics of tax-exempt bonds. ticipated, through their essays, in such the coming months the House is going Last year, he proposed curbing the prolif­ a historic event. I ask to enter the win­ to return to a difficult legislative issue: eration of the bonds. You might think that ning Maryland essay and the names of tax changes, and, in particular, indus­ a bill intended to cut federal deficits and re­ all the essay contest winners in the trial development bonds Washington Post, has described the modern marvel-a phenomenon interesting Kenya-children working. tax-exempt bond explosion as "symp­ in its own right but also enormously reveal­ Children working-no education. tomatic of larger confusions," and he ing of the problems of fashioning sensible

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. 3024 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1984 economic and budget policies. It's a case pose bonds. Higher rates only can hamper lis Urban League, marks a significant study in the economic inefficiencies caused the job of providing good roads, water sys­ point in the acid rain debate. The by practical politics. tems and jails. Fifteen years of skimping on Urban League, a nonpartisan, interra­ The bonds have defied both political con­ repairs has left a large backlog of public trol and economic conditions. Despite works projects. cial, nonprofit community organiza­ higher interest rates, bond volumes have To some extent, these traditional respon­ tion dedicated to the economic ad­ jumped 85 percent since 1979 to $89.5 bil­ sibilities suffer as local officials attempt to vancement of black Americans and lion. The lure is simple enough. Because in­ offset federal cutbacks in other areas. When other minorities, recognizes that the terest payments aren't subject to tax, afflu­ Congress trimmed hospital, housing, eco­ costs of acid rain controls will fall ent bondholders can accept lower rates and nomic development and student loan pro­ most heavily on the needy in.the Mid­ come out ahead. Tax-exempt rates have tra­ grams, states and localities-with the self­ west-the poor, the elderly, those on ditionally been 20 to 35 percent below rates serving assistance of bond lawyers and un­ fixed incomes who rely on Federal on comparable taxable bonds. derwriters-responded with new forms of What underlies the bonds' explosive tax-exempt financing. programs. growth is the availability of this inexpensive The resulting system escapes both politi­ The Urban League points out: credit for a growing list of private purposes. cal and economic discipline. Because most Acid rain may or may not be a prob­ Traditionally, tax-exempt bonds were issued new tax-exempt borrowing falls outside lem, scientists offer widely differing by state and local governments, which local budgets, neither voters nor legislators views on this issue, but before you ask repaid the bonds from local taxes and used need to decide how to spend scarce loan Indianapolis' unemployed and poor to the proceeds for public construction. But funds. But, of course, the funds are scarce: help foot the bill, you must be abso­ private-purpose bonds-used, for example, Loans made for one purpose almost certain­ lutely sure that it is a problem and not to finance industrial projects, stores, home ly divert funds from other purposes. mortgages and student loans-now account Congress could end this sham by limiting just speculation. The Indianapolis for the majority. the tax-exempt authority to narrow public Urban League wants a clean environ­ Since 1975, their share of all new tax­ purposes. But so far it has been unwilling to ment. It supports additional research exempt bonds has jumped from 29 to 56 per­ confront powerful local lobbies. Even Ros­ to answer the questions concerning cent, according to the Treasury. The newer tenkowski's bill imposed only mild restric­ acid rain that are still unanswered be­ bonds typically are issued by special agen­ tions. Although the measure will be revived cause we must have the answers to de­ cies crest ICAN HUNGARIAN FEDERATION ON UNITED tee scheduled a "Write Your Congress­ STATES-HUNGARIAN RELATIONS AND THE SIT­ man Day" at the plant. Employees, of a successful first effort, the S.0.S. UATION OF THE HUNGARIANS IN TRANSYLVA­ their spouses, retirees, and concerned committee plans on a major effort to NIA (ROMANIA) community leaders wrote letters re­ involve the town of Butler in their Three salient features characterize the sit­ questing my support of H.R. 4352. I campaign to fight unfair steel imports. uation of the Hungarian nation: continued met with the S.O.S. committee on the If employees at other facilities Soviet occupation, Communist one-party throughout the Nation shared the en­ rule and the mistreatment of the Hungarian following day and accepted a mailbag minorities, particularly in Transylvania calling for equality in the treatment of plugging the Milwaukee Convention and the governor in 1957. February 22, 1.984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3027 As might be expected of a man who Lebanon deepens, we must design a derscored the precarious nature of Western fought with the 22nd Regiment of the Fleet policy that will allow us to more quick­ access to Persian Gulf oil, President Carter Marine Force, starting as the lowest private ly respond to future crises in that proclaimed the "Carter Doctrine," that the and ending up a sergeant. Jimmy has always region. United States would defend with force if taken a deep interest in veterans affairs. necessary its interests in the Persian Gulf. He is a past commander of the Farley W. Recently, I read an excellent article This doctrine was fortified by the creation Moody Post of the American Legion and the in the Yale Political Journal by its of a Rapid Deployment Force able to Findley B. Burrett Post of the Veterans of editor Gideon Rose on the part Israel project American strength quickly into criti­ Foreign Wars. Also, he is a former president can undertake in aiding American cal areas. Unfortunately, like the Holy of the Past Commander's Club of the Ala­ Middle Eastern objectives. Roman Empire, the RDF seemed at first to bama Department of the American Legion. Mr. Rose's article is a concise and be a triple misnomer-it was neither rapid, In addition, Brown was on the Alabama persuasive analysis of the important nor deployable, nor forceful. The difficulty Executive Committee of the VFW. For five role Israel can play in alleviating in creating a viable RDF, and hence a cred­ years he was secretary and treasurer of the many of the strategic difficulties we itable deterrent to Soviet aggression, has re­ Marine Corps League. He served on the Se­ must contend with in that vital area of mained a central problem in U.S. strategic lective Service Board for 21 years after his planning. discharge. the world. I commend it to my col­ Because of the great distance of probable Active in his church, he has been on the leagues. areas of conflict from the continental board of deacons of the First Baptist THE STRATEGIC EXCLUSION OF ISRAEL United States, the cost and delay involved in Church and has been clerk since 1961. He is com­ remain in jeopardy. As the civil war in Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, which un- parable.

31-059 0-87-7 (Pt. 3) 3028 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1984 Because of the permanent alignment of ration-the role Israel could play in Ameri­ strength need not be limited to this pur­ Israel with the democratic Western world can actions in the region is negligible unless pose. By implementing certain measures of and with the United States in particular, Is­ there are joint exercises beforehand. strategic cooperation, the United States can, raeli and U.S. interests are and will continue Many of the same arguments which sup­ in effect, receive the benefits of a dedicated to be similar; Israel recognizes that its secu­ port cooperation between Israel and the and extremely capable modern army, navy, rity is connected to the security of the U.S. RDF and Navy support cooperation be­ and air force with none of the costs of creat­ United States, and will do whatever is neces­ tween Israel and the U.S. Air Force. Any ing them. In this lies the essential logic of sary to aid U.S. forces. Because of its demo­ RDF move would require large quantities of cooperation: instead of spending billions of cratic political system, open society, and fuel and adequate air protection of the dollars trying to create an Arab ally of mili­ moral heritage, Israel is the only truly transports. The logical solution for the fuel tary significance (Iran, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, stable U.S. ally in the region, and the only problem is the same as for RDF equipment: Jordan, etc.) where the will and precondi­ state whose help can be counted on not only pre-positioning in Israel. tions for an effective force do not exist, the now but also for the foreseeable future. And Fuel depots are even more vulnerable to United States can, in Israel, get that ally because of its unique situation among hos­ terrorist or air attack than supply depots; cheaply and permanently. tile states, the Israeli Air Force must perma­ because of the absolute protection Israel With the benefits of cooperation so clear, nently ensure the sanctity of Israeli air­ could provide it would seem the best choice, the burden of proof lies on those who space: Israel is the only site where U.S. at the very least for a worst-case fallback oppose it. The argument against coopera­ equipment would be safe from domestic vio­ supply. Protection of air transports, like tion runs as follows: the Arabs don't like lence and from air attack. protection of lines of communication, could Israel, therefore if the United States is too Compared to the 77 days and $390 million be provided by the dominant air power in close to Israel the Arabs will retaliate by it would take to transport one mechanized the region : Israel. An .addi­ toward the Soviet Union. It is a political ar­ Illinois for his that bill are not carved in stone. All of discernment and guidance. Most im­ us realize I hope, that as with any HON. GERALDINE A. FERRARO portantly, he has served as the protec­ other bill, some small amount of fine OF NEW YORK tor of the integrity of pension plans, tuning is usually necessary in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES upon which millions of Americans rely years ahead. for economic security in their later Like many of my colleagues, I sup­ Wednesday, February 22, 1984 years. ported this legislation because there e Ms. FERRARO. Mr. Speaker, a As the ranking Republican on the was a clear and overriding need to re­ mighty voice from Queens has been Labor-Management Relations Subcom­ store social security to financial stilled. But the voice of Ethel Merman mittee, I have benefited immensely from the gentlemen's wisdom and ex­ health. Nevertheless, there were a will not be forgotten, as long as there number of provisions contained within pertise in this area. Consequently, I H.R. 1900 that troubled me deeply. are lights on Broadway. was pleased to note a recent editorial One such provision forced employees Born in 1909 in Astoria, Ethel Agnes in the December 1983 edition of Pen­ of churches and religious organiza­ Zimmerman attended Bryant High sion World thanking Congressman tions to participate in the social securi­ School in Long Island City and worked ERLENBORN for his service in this area ty system. For over 200 years, our as a stenographer there before break­ and detailing his many accomplish­ Nation has had a strong tradition of ing into show business. ments. protecting the first amendment right Yes, a star was born, and raised, in The editorial follows: of separation of church and state. It is that part of Queens which I am proud JOHN N. ERLENBORN-THANK You IN a policy which has served our Nation is part of my congressional district. ADVANCE well, and it is a policy to which we Ethel Merman in many ways remained John N. Erlenborn and its part in creating the national desti­ Western Hemisphere Affairs, Mr. distilled water only. ny. We need to acquaint ourselves BARNES, a resolution affirming the " On this type of diet, where foods are with and honor those black Americans U.S. Government's support of the basic as drinking water, red meat, seafood and breads have to be restricted due to their who played such a little recognized Contadora peace process. high zinc or copper content, we're somewhat but important role in the struggle for On January 9, the day before the re­ limited, but my job is to turn these limita­ American independence. lease of the report of the National Bi­ tions into nutritious and edible meals," ex­ Mr. Speaker, over 4,000 blacks partisan Commission on Central plains research dietitian Helen Rasmussen. served in the Continental Army. Each America-the Kissinger Commission­ One translation of the diet order would be of the 13 Original States had blacks there was a significant agreement • a dinner of barbecued chicken and a serving numbering among their troops, coura­ reached among the Central American of instant potatoes, both prepared according geously sacrificing their lives for the nations. Meeting with the Contadora to a special recipe; 25 grams of white bread group, the Central American countries with exactly 5 grams of margarine; 50 grams sake of America's liberty. Hardly a of water-pack peaches; and 100 grams of military action between 1775 and 1781 signed "Principles for Implementa­ apple juice. At 9 p.m., for a snack, a volun­ occurred without black participation tion" of the 21 objectives they had teer on this study can look forward to 100 either among racially integrated com­ agreed to last fall. This represents an grams of apple juice and four of those panies, or in certain all-black contin­ important step toward the kind of cheese crackers with peanut butter com­ gents. The valor of the black soldiers peace, for that troubled region, which monly found in vending machines. of the American Revolution was all of us in Congress should enthusi­ Under Gerrity's leadership, a team of reg­ highly commended by both statesmen astically support. istered dietitians translates the strict re­ The Central American nations quirements of each study protocol into pal­ and historians. atable meals. Crispus Attucks, who might have agreed to implement specific and sig­ The MRU kitchen looks more like a been fleeing from slavery, was appar­ nificant measures immediately: A spaceage laboratory than a food service op­ ently the first man to shed his blood census of military installations, weap­ eration. Behind each stainless steel and for American freedom when he was ons, troops, and foreign advisers; elimi- February 22, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3035 nation of illegal arms traffic and all cy, and, to that effect, to create mechanisms c. Foreign advisory services, whether pro­ forms of support for insurgents; inter­ that permit dialogue within the countries in vided by individual personalities or repre­ nal dialog; respect for human rights, the region. sentatives of international organizations, b. To guarantee full respect for human must be previously approved by consensus. complying with international legal ob­ rights and, to this end, to comply with the d. The working commissions will be in­ ligations; provisions for representative obligations contained in international legal stalled in office no later than 31 January political parties and free elections; and documents and constitutional provisions on 1984. To this end, the participating govern­ socioeconomic measures. The agree­ the subject. ments will appoint their representatives and ment also established three commis­ c. To enact or review electoral legislation advisers and opportunely inform the For­ sions charged with development of rec­ for the convocation of elections, so as to eign Ministry of the Republic of Panama. ommendations for verification, super­ guarantee effective popular participation. e. Each commission will draft and present vision of compliance, and further steps d. To create independent electoral bodies its respective calendar and working program toward a regional peace agreement. that will establish reliable electoral regis­ before 29 February 1984. tries and ensure the impartiality and democ­ f. The working commissions will carry out We believe that the U.S. Govern­ racy of the processes. their duties within the framework estab­ ment should strongly and concretely e. To dictate, or when applicable update, lished by the Document of Objectives, will promote implementation of this agree­ regulations that guarantee the existence have their tasks coordinated by the techni­ ment. The Kissinger Commission rec­ and participation of political parties that cal group, and will present their studies, ommended that the United States sup­ are representative of the various sectors of legal briefs, and recommendations to the port the Contadora process, and Secre­ opinion. joint meeting of foreign ministers no later f. To establish an electoral calendar and than 30 April 1984.e tary Kissinger stated the recommenda­ to adopt measures that will ensure that po­ tion even more clearly in testimony to litical parties can participate under condi­ the Foreign Affairs Committee on tions of equality. February 8. g. To strive to carry out actions that will CONGRESSIONAL CALL TO I ask that the full text of the Janu­ permit the attainment of true political con­ CONSCIENCE VIGIL ary 9 agreement be printed and that fidence among the governments of the area, Members from both sides of the aisle in order to contribute to detente. HON. RAYMOND J. McGRATH join in affirming our support for this 3. SOCIOECONOMIC AFFAIRS agreement and the continuing Conta­ a. To intensify the program of aid for OF NEW YORK dora peace process. Central American refugees and to facilitate IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES " PRINCIPLES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE voluntary repartriation through the coop­ COMMITMENTS UNDERTAKEN IN THE DOCU­ eration of the governments involved, in Wednesday, February 22, 1984 MENT OF OBJECTIVES," ADOPTED AS THE communication or coordination with nation­ Mr. McGRATH. Mr. Speaker, Con­ al humanitarian organizations and the ap­ e FINAL RESOLUTION OF THE JOINT MEETING gress has traditionally lent its support OF THE CENTRAL AMERICAN AND CONTADORA propriate international organizations. b. To grant full cooperation to the Central to the struggle of Soviet Jews by hold­ GROUP FOREIGN MINISTERS IN PANAMA ing a Call to Conscience Vigil each CITY ON 8 JANUARY 1984 American Integration Bank, ECLA, the Action Committee for Support to the Socio­ year. During my tenure in Congress, I The Governments of Costa Rica, El Salva­ dor, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua, economic Development of Central America, have proudly participated in this event and SIECA [Secretariat of Central Ameri­ which focuses attention on these pris­ considering: can Integration]. 1. That in September 1983 the five govern­ oners of silence; human beings a socie­ ments approved the Document of Objec­ c. To jointly negotiate for foreign re­ ty attempts to eliminate from within tives, which is the frame of reference for sources that permit the revitalization of while denying their existence to the the regional peace agreement; Central American integration processes. d. To encourage intra-zonal trade and to rest of the world. 2. And that it is necessary to take meas­ Support for this year's Call to Con­ ures to implement t he commitments con­ promote greater and better access to inter­ tained in that document, resolve to: national markets for Central American science is especially urgent. Within I. Adopt the following principles for im­ products. the past 12 months a Government mediate application: e. To promote joint investment projects. sponsored Anti-Zionist Committee has f. To establish just socioeconomic struc­ 1. SECURITY AFFAIRS been established in the Soviet Union, tures that consolidate genuine democratic anti-Semitic articles have appeared in a. To prepare a registry or detailed inven­ systems and permit full access of their peo­ tory of military installations, weapons, and ples to their right to work, education, state publications, and virulently anti­ troops by each of the Central America health, and culture. semitic books have been critically ac­ states, in order to establish the foundations II. Authorize the technical group, which is claimed and recommended in the for a policy to control and reduce these the advisory body for the joint meeting of Soviet media. The Government has things, providing ceilings and resulting in a the foreign ministers of Central America stepped up its attack on the Israeli reasonable balance of forces in the region. and the Contadora Group, to follow up on Government and its policies, no doubt b. To prepare a census in each country the actions provided for in this document on in part to further ostracize those who and to adopt a calendar of reduction with security, political, and socioeconomic af­ an eye to the elimination of foreign military fairs. The technical group will inform the wish to emigrate there. Emigration advisers and other foreign individuals who meeting of ministers on the progress made has plunged to its lowest level since are participating in military or security ac­ in the implementation of these measures. 1963. Only 1,314 Soviet Jews seeking tivities. III. Create, within the framework of the exit visas were permitted to leave. c. To identify and eradicate all forms of Contadora Group, three working commis­ During the August recess I visited support, encouragement, and financing for sions charged with the preparation of stud­ with approximately 30 refuseniks. I or tolerance of irregular groups of forces in­ ies, legal briefs, and recommendations that volved in the destabilization of Central believe the story of one young man, develop the areas of security, political, and Iosif Radomiselsky, is representative American governments. socioeconomic affairs, and proposals for the d. To identify and eradicate irregular verification and supervision of compliance of the plight of all those struggling for groups of forces that, acting either from or with the agreed upon measures. freedom. through the territory of any Central Ameri­ The working commissions will be governed I met Iosif in Leningrad where he can state, participate in destabilizing actions by the following rules: lives with his elderly and infirmed par­ against another government in the region. a. They will consist of the representatives ents who are also refuseniks. He is e. To localize the areas, routes, and means of the Central American governments. Each trained as a computer engineer. How­ used for illegal intraregional and extrare­ country may appoint no more than two ad­ gional arms traffic, in order to eliminate it. ever since 1979 when he first applied visers per commission. for permission to emigrate to Israel, f. To establish direct communication b. The Contadora Group will convoke and mechanisms for the purpose of preventing participate in the session of those commis­ he was forced to leave his career em­ and resolving incidents among states. sions, so that it may continue to extend its ployment and has only been able to 2. POLITICAL AFFAIRS active cooperation in the discussion of the find work at odd jobs on a part-time a. To promote national reconciliation on assigned topics and in the preparation of basis. Currently he works as a hospital the basis of justice, freedom, and democra- agreements. orderly. 3036 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1984 His August 1979 refusal was based ately design and install transmitter facilities from slightly below domestic broadcast to on his studies at the Leningrad Mili­ and antennas, and all you need for the kind 30 megacycles. The VOA may have to use tary-Mechanical Institute. He was re­ of quality sound we must have in American Nazi electronics, but I don't. Anyway, I broadcasting. It will take years, but we must often spend an hour or so tuning up and fused at 6-month intervals since that begin today. time until December 1982. It was then down the spectrum to keep up with what that Iosif received a final refusal, noti­ The following article by Fred Reed various governments want the world to in the Washington Times points to the think they are thinking. fication that he will never be granted The clearest and most frequent signals permission to emigrate, and that he irony that the most technologically from, say, the Caribbean region are from may not reapply for an exit visa. At 30 advanced nation in the world has such Moscow, Cuba and Managua. The virulence years of age the prognosis for the re­ antiquated broadcast equipment for of the propaganda against the United States mainder of Iosif's life is as a pariah of its Government services. I commend would, I think, startle most people in this Soviet society. this article for my colleagues, and urge country. There is nothing even slightly re­ Remarkably Iosif is undaunted. He them to support the crucial modern­ strained about it. The United States is the is self-taught in Hebrew and teaches ization process at VOA. enemy of all Latin peoples and must be de­ the language and Jewish history and The article follows: feated. Americans would shrug this stuff off [From the Washington Times, Jan. 2, 1984] as being transparent twaddle; Third­ culture to others in the Leningrad re­ Worlders, incredibly unsophisticated, swal­ fusenik community. He is harassed at VOA's BROADCAST BURIAL GROUND low a lot of it. By comparison the VOA is work, and the hospital at which he is for marks come as no surprise. For the been able to accomplish has been possible new powerplants-whether they need it or subject of his address was, of course, only because the American public has begun not! That decision, particularly if emulated fairness. The American people do not to recognize the unfairness of it all, and be­ by the state regulatory commissions, could think the Reagan administration is cause organizations like the CFA have cost consumers billions of dollars. concerned about fairness. JOHN DIN­ worked harder than ever to ensure some The Federal Communications Commis­ GELL knows the American people are modicum of remaining decency in our Fed­ sion, whose chairman has a high disregard right and he is speaking out against eral Government and its programs. for the fairness doctrine and equal time, has "trickle down" theories and other gim­ Still, the list of abusive changes, accom­ seriously overstepped the bounds of proprie­ plished often through the back door of per­ ty by bending to White House pressure and mickry destined to make the rich still sonnel reductions and budget cuts rather meeting secretly with the President to dis­ richer and the poor even poorer. As than through the fairer and more appropri­ cuss an active Commission rulemaking on fi­ always, Mr. DINGELL backs his state­ ate process of seeking changes in our laws, nancial interest and syndication. The con­ ments up with the cold hard facts. His is enormous. And more keep being suggest­ testants were Hollywood producers and tele­ speech includes an alarming account ed. Cabinet Department and regulatory vision networks-and you know full well of abuses and improprieties by the commission decisions have had devastating who are this President's cronies. Reagan administration. It is a sorry impacts on our consumers. Many of these The Environmental Protection Agency decisions have been reached without full has been a disaster area, in keeping with the tale of an administration consumed compliance with the laws of our country, with concern for the "haves" and un­ Administration's desire to undo our environ­ and many have involved improper proce­ mental laws and return to the lassez-faire aware of the needs of the many. dures and/or inappropriate-and even ex plunder approach of the last century. With Mr. Speaker, I commend Mr. DIN­ parte-contacts with those supposedly being more than 20 former EPA officials gone, GELL for his forthright and honest regulated. Let me mention just a few exam­ and one convicted of felony, there is some report on the Reagan administration's ples. respectable new leadership at the agency. wholesale attack on the American con­ The Federal Trade Commission has and yet, the President and his minions still sumer. The Nation needs the leader­ upended our anti-trust laws, permitting and show a complete disregard for the public ship of this Congress and colleagues even encouraging some of the biggest and health and safety and the environment. most anti-consumer mergers in this coun­ After all the trouble last year, we find that such as Mr. DINGELL to resist the fun­ try's history. This is especially true in the damental inequities of the Reagan ad­ the Office of Management and Budget is oil industry, which has been doing very still trying to throttle EPA 's efforts to pro­ ministration's efforts to feather the well-note Mobil-Marathon and Texaco­ tect the public health. beds of . their friends while deserting Getty . the Federal Home Loan Two years ago when I spoke before the dustry, in Mr. McGrath's own words, is an Bank Board <1 ), the International Trade 15th Consumer Assembly, I started by industry in "crisis." As I said earlier, the Commission (2), the Interstate Commerce saying that 1981 would "go down in history rich get richer... Commission (3), the National Labor Rela­ as the year the American consumer was Just to show that his preliminary decision tions Board O> and the Securities and Ex­ mugged in the name of economic recovery does not mean a new conversion to belief in change Commission (2). and regulatory reform." I didn't realize then the anti-trust law, Mr. McGrath has prom­ I should also point out that, if Mr. Reagan how hard this Administration would work to ised to give Justice Department guidance on were reelected, he would have the right to repeat the record in 1982 and 1983 and, if how steel competitors can engage in indus­ appoint 62 additional troglodyte commis­ the President's proposed budget be any trywide negotiations to achieve efficiency sioners! Moreover, there already are 12 guide, again in 1984. The theory of "trickle improvements mantling and dismembering the Federal President in this century. He still wants to with industry instead of against it." Government, with absolutely no regard for undo the sound regulations that for most of The Securities and Exchange Commission, the American people. Christopher DeMuth, this century have protected American con­ designed not only to protect investors from who is in charge of destroying Government sumers and American small businesses from fraud but to ensure fairness and integrity in from within the Office of Management and the rapacious appetites of the rich and our basic market system, has failed abys­ Budget, has some proposals which are greedy. mally in enforcement of our Federal securi­ enough to curl one's hair-and, I hope, to When I spoke to you two years ago I said ties laws and, at the same time, is pressuring arouse such ire among you in the CFA and that "the structure which this Administra­ the states to reduce their standards. all Americans that you will prevent their oc­ tion is trying to dismantle has made enor­ The Federal Energy Regulatory Commis­ curring and, for that matter, prevent mous contributions to the quality of Ameri­ sion has been as lax as all the Ronald Reagan from being given four more can life and has played a major role in set­ others in enforcing the laws under its juris- years. ting this nation apart as an enduring diction. Moroever, since this Administration In an analysis of the Administration's symbol of freedom and prosperity in a trou­ came into office, FERC has tried mightly to 1984 regulatory agenda prepared for the bled world." decontrol natural gas prices, particularly Cabinet Council on Economic Affairs, Congress has been able in some small under its departed chairman during 1981 DeMuth gave the President low marks for ways to prevent the wholesale dismantle­ and 1982, slowing such efforts only when failing to accomplish "broad and potentially ment of the Federal Government that this the Congress refused to go along. durable changes" to regulatory policies, but February 22, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3039 gave high marks to the Reagan regulatory OMB for gutting essential regulatory pro­ HISTORY IN A FLAG: MARYLAND program in the area of slowing the issuance tections at the behest of big business, and CELEBRATES ITS 350TH ANNI­ of new regulations. DeMuth targeted bank­ will hold noisy oversight hearings." VERSARY ing, natural gas, telephone and airline de­ To that, I say, damn straight! administrative "reform" of ex­ natural gas very briefly. At the moment, isting regulations; and (3) requiring federal Wednesday, February 22, 1984 agency heads to establish a "detailed regula­ there is some considerable pressure for one e Mr. BARNES. Mr. Speaker, this tory policy agenda" that would be reviewed kind of special-interest legislation or an­ year marks the 350th anniversary of by OMB in much the same manner as the other to bail out one segment or another of the industry. And there is pressure for Con­ Maryland-a State rich in history federal budget is currently reviewed. whose founding fathers dreamed of a The list of specific proposed statutory re­ gress to act to protect consumers-which I forms reflects this Administration's total would very much like to see us do. colony free of religious persecution. disregard for the welfare of all save Ameri­ So far, however, we have not managed to This idea is one of the interesting ca's wealthiest citizens and the more rapa­ gather enough votes to pass what I believe items brought up in the following cious elements of the big business communi­ is balanced legislation aimed at putting essay on the State flag-a unique in­ ty. In DeMuth's own words, these changes some order in the natural gas market as we terpretation that begins with the will "produce the largest economic gains": move toward the decontrol of new gas and, design of the banner itself and ends Rewrite the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act at the same time, relieving consumers of the with a historical portrait of Mary­ to eliminate government approval of the ef­ shocking price rises we've seen in the past land's 350 years. ficacy of pharmaceutical and medical prod­ couple of years. ucts. Substitute consideration of costs and I am prepared to try again to move natu­ HISTORY IN A FLAG benefits in making cosmetic and food addi­ ral gas legislation through the Energy and The occasion of the 350th anniversary of tive decisions; reduce medical-devices classi­ Commerce Committee, but I am not pre­ the founding of Maryland prompts a salute fication requirements and reduce or elimi­ pared to move legislation that harms con­ to the unusual Flag of this great state. Of nate FDA's role in food labeling disclosure. sumers. And I am not disposed to move yellow, black, white, and red, it is considered Back to the days before Frank Norris's solely for the sake of moving, and warn you beautiful by some and not so beautiful by expose of the Chicago meat packing houses! others, but everyone agrees that, beautiful Limit OSHA regulation to only "serious" that I am sincere when I say that a bad bill or not, it is unique. occupational health hazards, leaving safety is worse than no bill at all. It is unique because of its color combina­ regulation to private incentives. Back to the If you want legislation, you are going to tion, and also, because it alone of the fifty days of unsafe workplaces! have to work very, very hard in the coming state flags is based on amorial bearings of a Totally abolish the ICC and FERC. Re­ weeks and months, the more so because founding father, George Calvert, Lord Balti­ serve some standby regulatory authority for much of the industry-not to mention Presi­ more. More than this-by chance, or histori­ price regulation but only in "true monopoly dent Reagan-still wants to decontrol old cal serendipity-Maryland's flag may be markets." Back to the days of Jay Gould natural gas prices at the wellhead. Further, viewed as a history lesson is graphics. and the Standard Oil Trust! there are many obstacles between action in Because of its ancient design, first used on Abolish FCC telecommunications regula­ my Committee, if we can prevail there, and the Great Seal of Maryland in 1648, it is ap­ tion except in "monopoly intercity-transmis­ the House floor, the Senate floor and the propriate to assign special significance to sion markets." Replace FCC broadcasting Conference Committee. We didn't have the the colors of the flag, as in heraldic times. regulation with private property rights in votes in the Committee in November, and I Yellow, or gold, may represent civil author­ the electromagnetic spectrum. Back to the don't think we have them now; prove me ity and wealth; black may represent the fer­ days of ownership of all property by the wrong, and I'll push ahead. But again, I am tile soil. White suggests the spiritual values wealthy few! not prepared to move any bill that is inequi­ and red sacrifice and courage. Rewrite the securities laws to focus exclu­ table or designed as a "quick fix." Natural The flag is quartered, precisely separating sively on disclosure of basic financial infor­ gas is far too complex a subject and an in­ gold and black from white and red. This mation. Eliminate all other investor and dustry to go for half-baked answers. visual partition is a clear representation of market protections, with special emphasis To return briefly to my earlier theme, Mr. the separation of secular qualities from spir­ on eliminating the restrictions on insider itual ones, a concept inaugurated at the trading and tender offers. Back to the days Reagan and his aides like Mr. DeMuth-not little colony on the St. Mary's River. of the 1929 crash! to mention the Steortses, the Fowlers, the Today, we take separation of church and DeMuth suggested that a similar list could Millers and the Shads of this Administra­ state as a matter of course, but in 1634 such be drawn up of administrative reforms, in­ tion-have an agenda which, if even part of a concept was unique in history. cluding the suggestion that race and gender it is adopted, will wreak even more havoc on The yellow and black quarters of the flag hiring regulations could be eliminated; that our Nation and its citizens than they have are designed with six bars Baltimore. So each bar repre­ Rates: Last session the House passed legisla­ powers from unfairly ripping them off. sents a lord. As for the diagonal, that repre­ tion to prevent the FCC from reforming the That is the government I believe in, and I sents Henry Harford, the last proprietor, a telephone rate structure and to impose pu­ know you do, too. It is the government of natural son who inherited the job but not nitive taxes on new telecommunications compassion and of fairness. It is a govern­ the title. technologies. The Administration opposed. ment designed to provide for the equal On the white and red quarters, which in This would be one of the most retrograde turn are quartered, there is a cross counter­ regulatory laws to pass in many decades; de­ rights underlying our constitution. Above all, it is a government of laws, not of men, changed. It is neither red nor white. It is feating it in the Senate should be an impor­ both, and yet it is still the Cross. This, again tant priority." and that-most horrifying of all-is what by chance, is a graphic representation of Do you agree? this Administration seems hell bent to freedom of choice in religion, another of the Here's another DeMuth assertion: "E.O. ignore. Rather, theirs is a government of unique founding precepts of the First Lord 12291 Oversight: House Democrats will men, and the devil, the laws and the public Baltimore's colony. It was through this con­ launch election-year attacks on 'OMB inter­ take the hindmost.e cept of religious freedom of choice that ference in the regulatory process.' They will Maryland became known as the "Free attempt to divide OMB and the agencies State." whenever major regulations are being de­ The history taught by this unique flag bated within the Administration, will attack concerns separation of church and state, a 3040 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1984 representation of seven generations of cou­ The first of these hearings will be at strain, eye irritation, red eyes, and blurred rageous settlers before the Declaration of 9:30 a.m. on Tuesday, February 28, in vision. Independence, a freedom of choice in reli­ room 2261 of the Rayburn Building. As a group, the vast majority of individ­ gion, and one thing more. When the first Witnesses will come from the Service uals wore eyeglasses. The majority of re­ Lord Baltimore established his colony, he spondents of both groups had at least one meant it to be a sanctuary for all Christians, Employees International Union and 9- prescription change within the two years Catholic or Protestant. No doubt, he would to-5, the National Association of prior to the completion of the questionnaire be pleased to know that today his Mary­ Working Women. Other hearings are and there were no significant differences in land's flag waves a welcome to all men and scheduled tentatively for March 13 the number of prescription changes. Ques­ women who would be free-be they red, or and March 20. Additional hearings will tions were asked about both cataracts and yellow, black, or white.e be announced as arrangements are any pre-cataract conditions. Many of the completed same individuals who reported having cata­ Meanwhile, because of the high in­ racts, reported positively for pre-cataract MORE HEARINGS SCHEDULED terest in the initial meeting, I offer for condition. TO GATHER VDT INFORMATION the RECORD excerpts of the study that Of the 18 cataracts reported, 16 were among VDT users, but it appeared that was presented. many had developed prior to exposure of HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS The study was sponsored by the these individuals to VDT's. The age range OF PENNSYLVANIA American Newspaper Guild, and the for those reporting cataracts was 27 to 67 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES survey was of more than 1,000 guild years, but the age at which the cataract members. It was done by Dr. Arthur L. first developed ranged from 14 to 57 years. Wednesday, February 22, 1984 Frank, who was associated with the Data was incomplete for a number of these e Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, If the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, divi­ individuals as to either number of years in projections are correct, new users of sion of internal medicine, when the the current job or the age at which the cat­ video display terminals and was assigned to a segregated Tuskegee Institute is already at work. General during his outstanding career squadron at Tuskegee, Ala. serve as an inspiring example for Chappie's alma mater is completing plans to His first instructor was Jim Plinton, who become the first predominantly black col­ today's youth. I urge our colleagues to later became the first black executive of a lege to offer a bachelor's degree in aero­ review the text of Dick Capen's tribute major airline and who now lives in Miami as space engineering. President Reagan has to one of America's great patriots: a retired Eastern Airlines officer. " Chappie signed a bill authorizing funds to establish [From the Miami Herald, Feb. 12, 19841 James was such an imposing figure," Plin­ the program and erect a building that will ton told me, " and yet he could bend his be named the General Daniel " Chappie" EXCELLENCE: NOBODY CARES ABOUT ITS COLOR knees, be humble, and have fun. He could be James Center for Aerospace Science and gentle as a lamb and yet as a fighter pilot Health Education. However, Federal fund­ "This is your nation, and don't get so busy he was tough as nails." ing has been repeatedly delayed, and private practicing your right to dissent that you The "colored" public schools in Pensacola contributions are urgently needed. forget your responsibility to contribute. If left much to be desired, so Chappie's In the meantime, our community has she has ills, you hold her hand until she is mother started one of her own. The tuition come together to salute Black Heritage well and then work for constructive change was 5 cents a week, or whatever you could Month with an impressive series of pro­ within the system." afford to attend the Lillie A. James School. grams ranging from teacher workshops and "Don't stop to argue with the ignoramus Mrs. James taught her son the eleventh salutes to black pioneers, to tours and fash­ who calls you nigger. You don't have time. commandment: "Thou shall not quit." ion fairs. Among the many local exhibits is Press on. Perform. Perform. Excel. Excel. General James spoke often about how his a fascinating display at The Herald featur­ And when you drive back by in the limou­ mother urged him to prepare for the future. ing popular black entertainers. The public sine of success, that ignoramus will be "I was told to eliminate one by one all the exhibit, which will run through Feb. 27, was standing there on the corner wrapped in his reasons some bigot might say I was not ca­ unveiled last week at a reception here for hate." pable of standing beside him or deserving of more than 400 community leaders. It was "The power of excellence is overwhelm­ equal opportunity. If he says you are dirty, made possible through the generosity of ing. It is always in demand, and nobody make sure you are clean. If he says you are Clyde Killens, an Overtown businessman. cares about its color."-Gen. Daniel " Chap­ dumb, make sure you learn. If he says you In my book, though, no celebration of pie" James, USAF 0920-1978>. are scared, make sure you are brave. And black heritage here-or anywhere else in "Chappie" James was an extraordinary when the door of opportunity finally opens, be prepared with your bags of knowledge, America-can be considered complete with­ human being. Born in Pennsacola and the your patriotism, your honor-and then out a salute to Chappie James.e youngest of 17 children, he fought incredi­ charge in." ble odds and obstacles to become one of the Another distinguished Floridian-Reubin most dynamic inspirations of our time. He Askew-grew up with Chappie James in the INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM was well known in South Florida, having same neighborhood. "At least my end of Al­ spoken here frequently during his Air Force caniz Street was paved and had lights," HON. SILVIO 0. CONTE career. He also had strong family ties in Florida's former governor recalled. Gover­ town. Bob Simms and his wife, Aubrey, are Chappie's erything he did, Chappie reflected a deep­ Wednesday, February 22, 1984 in-laws, and Judge Leah Simms, their seated love of country. He was proud to be daughter, is his niece. black, but he was an American first. He was •Mr. CONTE. Mr. Speaker, over the General James and I were close friends constantly trying to challenge young past several years, the scourge of ter­ and colleagues during our respective Penta­ people." gon tours in the late 1960s, when I was an rorism has spread to all parts of the Before it was all over, General James had world; no social or economic class is assistant to then-Secretary of Defense collected more medals, awards, and plaques Melvin Laird. I deeply valued my association than all the generals combined. He received free from the constant threat of vio­ with Chappie. Today, his picture and the a fourth star and capped off his active serv­ lence. In recent years, the institution­ above quotes from some of his speeches are ice with the vital post as commander-in­ alization of political violence has con­ on display in my office as a constant re­ chief of the North American Air Defense tributed to this looming threat. minder of his commitment to excellence. Command at Cheyenne Moun­ Groups like the Red Brigade, the Irish Lamentably, the memory of Chappie tain outside Colorado Springs. He was a Republican Army, the PLO, and the James is fading fast. As far as I'm con­ driven, committed man who lived life to the Basque Separatists in Spain have used cerned, he should head the list of salutes fullest. In 1977, he suffered a mild heart during Black Heritage Month . But if the recent reasons on Feb. 1, 1978. Twenty-five days international diplomacy. Uses of this past is any pattern, most will over-look the later, he was dead. violent tool are not limited to political legacy of General James, and that's a dis­ It has been six years since the voice of organizations. So-called legitimate gov­ grace. Chappie James was silenced. The memory ernments have used terrorism to As the highest-ranking black in the mili­ of his record is frozen indelibly in history, achieve their political ends. Intelli­ tary, Chappie James walked with Presi­ and there are a few token monuments that gence reports indicated that Libya and dents. He served as a key adviser to Cabinet bear his name-a Federal building in Pensa­ officers, especially Secretary Laird, who cola, a street at Tinker Air Force Base, and the Islamic Republic of Iran have quickly became his mentor. He was the first an elementary school in Brooklyn. His pic­ been directly involved in terrorist ac­ black ever to address the Daughters of the ture is part of the Smithsonian Air and tivities. American Revolution in Constitution Hall, Space Museum's salute to black aviators. For Americans, the effects of inter­ and he had them cheering in the aisles. A But what about his dynamic spirit? Why national terrorism are not just viewed highly decorated fighter pilot, he flew 179 has no one chosen to capture that spirit as a on television or read in the newspa­ combat missions in the Korean and Vietnam living monument of hope? pers, but the violence associated with wars. At 6'4" and 220 pounds, he di.dn't How can we use General James's legacy as political terrorism has come closer to climb into the plane-he strapped it on. a means to inspire today's young people He plowed through anti-war crowds on who, like him, must struggle to overcome home. The takeover of our Embassy in college campuses to give patriotic speeches handicaps in their own pursuits? We in Teheran, the kidnaping of General and sang Negro spirituals at black-tie din­ Florida have a special responsibility in that Dozier, the suicide mission at Beirut ners. He was immensely proud to be black, regard. After all, he was a native son. International Airport that killed over February 22, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3043 200 Marines, the bombings at our Em­ part of all who took part in it. Prosecutors, school students should be made aware of bassy in Kuwait and right here in the jurors, jailers and judges all were under a this great World War II hero from New Capitol graphically show that terror­ constant threat of assassination or deliber­ Jersey. ism is a serious threat to international ate mutilation. At the time that this series JOSEPH MONTI, of cases began, the Red Brigades were still Chairman, peace and security. riding high, and they shot several of their Social Studies Development, Mr. Speaker, there is only one solu­ pursuers before their organization began to Hasbrouck Heights High School.• tion to this problem: international co­ disintegrate. The successful rescue of Gen. operation. I am pleased to see that the Dozier by the Italian police was a clear dem­ Italian Government has made great onstration that things were changing. It THE UNITED NATIONS: CENTER progress on controlling terrorist activi­ would be foolish and inaccurate to say that FOR KGB ACTIVITIES ties. the struggle against terrorism in Italy has The thorough investigations and now been won. But the extent of the investi­ swift prosecution of those responsible gators' progress deserves to be recognized as HON. PHILIP M. CRANE a remarkable accomplishment in behalf of OF ILLINOIS for kidnaping General Dozier and at­ law and common decency.e tempting to assassinate the Holy IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Father must be commended. I will in­ Wednesday, February 22, 1984 clude for the RECORD a Washington A TRIBUTE TO JOHN BASILONE Post editorial entitled "Italy Against e Mr. PHILIP M. CRANE. Mr. Speak­ the Terrorists" that highlights the an­ HON. ROBERT G. TORRICELLI er, in spite of the lofty ideals and titerrorist accomplishments of the OF NEW JERSEY abundant expectations that accompa­ Italian Government. I hope that the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nied the founding of the United Na­ United States will continue to cooper­ tions in 1945, that organization has ate with Italy and other interested na­ Wednesday, February 22, 1984 failed in many ways to live up to its tions to control and ultimately elimi­ e Mr. TORRICELLI. Mr. Speaker, charter. Many Americans held out nate this violence affecting thousands across America, citizens appreciate the great hope that this organization of innocent people throughout the sacrifice of those among us who val­ would help to usher an era of peace, world. iantly lost their lives in times of brotherhood, and tranquility into the ITALY AGAINST THE TERRORISTS battle. With the recent anniversary of affairs of men and nations. But that The war against terrorism has its victo­ the invasion of Iwo Jima in mind, I has not been the case. ries, and, for current examples, you could would like to call to the attention of Not only has the United Nations look to Italy. The most spectacular depreda­ my colleagues one particular instance been guilty, in recent years, of main­ tion in recent years was the Red Brigades' of unmatched heroism. taining a hypocritical double standard kidnaping and subsequent murder of Aldo The following account by Joseph at the expense of both the Western Moro, former prime minister of Italy, in the Monti of the bravery of marine Sgt. democracies and the U.N. Charter, it spring of 1978. One of the investigating judges, Rosario Priore, was here in Wash­ John Basilone at Iwo Jima is a lasting has also become the center of Soviet ington recently and provided a recapitula­ tribute to a fearless patriot who gave espionage activities in this country. tion of the prosecutions so far. his life so others could live in peace. Those who staff the Soviet mission to In the Moro affair, Judge Priore said, 60 Mr. Speaker, I join with Mr. Monti the United Nations and those Soviets defendants have been tried and 56 of them in paying respect to this outstanding who hold key posts in the United Na­ convicted. Of those, 32 are serving life sen­ citizen. tions itself fulfill numerous spying as­ tences. Now a second and larger round of A HERO AT Iwo JIMA signments in addition to their official trials is under way in which some 250 de­ fendants face charges involving a great EDITOR, The Record: As the anniversary of activities. The size of the Soviet staff range of the Red Brigades' activities over the invasion of Iwo Jima nears-Feb. 19-let belies its true function: There are well the past six years. us recall the valor and sacrifice of a truly over twice as many Soviet diplomats The testimony, Judge Priore said, is also great New Jersey hero, United States listed for the Soviet mission to the providing a clearer picture of the Red Bri­ Marine Corps Sgt. John Basilone of Rari­ United Nations than for any other na­ gades' international connections. They were tan. On Guadalcanal his actions contributed tion's mission. The U.S. mission has a in touch with other similar organizations all to the defeat of an entire Japanese regi­ mere 48 diplomats, compared to 109 over Europe-the IRA in Northern Ireland, ment. He was in charge of two sections of Basque separatists in Spain, the Red Army heavy machine guns. for the Soviets. Faction in West Germany. They got impor­ Under almost continuous attack for three Today I would like to include the tant support, including both arms and train­ days, with no sleep or food, fighting against first section of a four-part series that ing, from the Palestine Liberation Organiza­ terrific odds, he helped to successfully deals with Soviet use of the United tion. defend Lunga Ridge. During the battle, Ba­ Nations as a center for their espionage The group that murdered Moro was also silone repaired machine guns, crossed hos­ activities. Each day of this week I will responsible for the kidnaping of the Ameri­ tile lines for badly needed ammunition, and include another portion of that series. can soldier, James L. Dozier, two years ago. held his position as others fell, until re­ I encourage my colleagues to take a Judge Priore noted the sophistication of the placements arrived. He killed at least 38 questioning to which Gen. Dozier was sub­ Japanese. few moments to read this interesting jected. It suggested, in the judge's view, that For this uncommon valor, 26-year-old Ba­ and revealing look at Soviet abuse of this interrogation was being carried out on silone was the first enlisted marine in World the United Nations; I believe that it behalf of foreign powers, not a platoon of War II awarded the Congressional Medal of clearly documents how the charter of local guerrillas. People in the Red Brigades Honor. Safely promoting war bonds in the that body has been betrayed and at the time have testified that in their meet­ United States, Sergeant Basilone had scorned by the U.S.S.R. ings there were reports of offers of weapons fought his share of the war. Yet, remember­ and money from Bulgaria. Since Bulgarians ing his buddies still in the Pacific Theater, [From the New York Tribune, Tuesday, were also in contact with the gunman who he chose to return to battle alongside them. Jan. 24, 19841 shot Pope John Paul II at the Vatican the Landing on Iwo Jima with the first assault SOVIETS SEEN OVERSTAFFING U.N. To previous summer, the judge wonders wheth­ wave, Basilone, under intense fire, destroyed FuRTHER CONTROL IT er there is a connection between the cases. a blockhouse and its Japanese defenders. He terest. negotiations to reach a new trade agree­ before defecting to the United States in Gray explained that the Soviets could re­ ment concerning exports of American beef 1978, told the Tribune in an interview that cruit a junior diplomat who later was pro­ to Japan, we hope you will insist that the the Soviet intelligence network in New York moted in his country's foreign service hier­ Japanese eliminate their unfair barriers to is overseen by Vladimir Mikhailovich Kaza- archy. Years later, Gray pointed out, this the importation of American beef. It is our February 22, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3045 view that Japan's import quotas and tariffs taught about these individuals, the With all due credit for its pivotal role in pose an obstacle to free trade which sub­ events of their lives, and their contri­ the history of human freedom, the Ameri­ stantially restricts a natural market for our butions to the Nation. can Revolution fell considerably short of domestic beef industry. the egalitarian goals it proclaimed. Like Under the existing trade agreement, The distinguished black historian, many subsequent armed outbreaks, it was which the United States and Japan signed Dr. Benjamin Quarles, has written a essentially a colonial war of liberation; it in 1978, Japan limits its imports of high fine article entitled "The Revolution­ was waged, however, against a country not quality American beef to 30,800 metric tons. ary War as a Black Declaration of In­ unlike America itself. White Americans This quota and an import tariff of 25 per­ dependence," that recently appeared claimed that they were fighting for the cent have combined to drive the price of a in a collection, "Slavery and Freedom rights of Englishmen-rights that they had 16 ounce prime cut of beef in Japan to ap­ in the Age of the American Revolu­ long enjoyed but that the Crown had tried proximately $20. At this highly inflated to abrogate; they struggled to retain free­ price. quality beef products are largely un­ tion" tionary. Seizing the opportunity, they gave toward imports of high quality American During the summer of 1777 Capt. William a personal interpretation to the theory of beef are both unfair and inconsistent with Whipple, a soldier from Portsmouth, New natural rights and to the slogans of liberty the rules of the General Agreements on Hampshire, noted that his slave, Prince, was and independence. Such a patriotic exhorta­ Tariffs and Trade. quite dejected. Asked by Whipple to account tion as "Give me liberty or give me death" The United States has been more than for his moodiness, Prince explained, carried special meaning to people in bond­ fair in its evenhanded treatment of Japa­ "Master, you are going to fight for your lib­ age. nese imports; however, our fair treatment is erty, but I have none to fight for." Struck The special circumstances of Afro-Ameri­ not returned by the Japanese. We sense by the essential truth of Prince's complaint, can life sharpened the desire to be free. In that the American people are growing tired Whipple lost no time in freeing him. sheer numbers blacks composed in 1774 a of ever increasing trade deficits in the face Before his emancipation Prince had been larger proportion of the total population of unfair foreign trade policies. one of the oarsmen who rowed George than they ever would again, 500,000 out of We sincerely hope that during your up­ Washington and his party across the ice­ 2,600,000, nearly 20 percent. These half-mil­ coming negotiations with the Japanese you choked Delaware river in a blinding snow lion blacks had become Afro-Americans in will share with their trade representatives and sleet storm Christmas night 1776. But the true sense of the hyphenated word. Re­ our belief that the time has come when the even had Prince Whipple not taken part in inforced by more recent arrivals from over­ fairness we have extended to them must be one of the most significant battles of the seas, they retained strong spiritual and aes­ returned in like measure. Revolutionary War, there was nothing un­ thetic ties with their ancestral homelands, Sincerely, usual about his longing to be free. This their rich cultural heritage already working Frederick C. Boucher. Charles Hatcher, yearning for freedom was common among its way into American music, dance, folk lit­ Carl D. Perkins, Norman Sisisky, those in bondage and its roots ran deep. The erature, and art. Indeed, in reference to Glenn English, Dan Daniel, Dick contagion of liberty had long infected Americans from Africa the term accultura­ Durbin, Tom Harkin, Hank Brown, blacks, reaching epidemic proportions with tion lacks precision; it would be better to Pat Williams, Charles Stenholm, Pat the outbreak of the war against England. As use transculturation, a process of exchange Schroeder, Lane Evans, and Jim was the case for other Americans, regional and not a one-way street. Despite the per­ Olin.e differences characterized Afro-American sistence of their African heritage, however, culture, and within each regional group most blacks by 1774 had undergone a transi­ status determinants such as occupation and tion from Africans to Afro-Americans and THE ROLE OF BLACK INDIVID­ skin color further divided both slave and were no longer the "outlandish" blacks UALS IN THE AMERICAN REVO­ free blacks. Moreover, in ever-changing slave traders had deposited in the New LUTION early America the patterns of black life World. were not static from one generation to an­ Their Americanization had resulted from other. But regardless of these distinctions, a complex of influences, economic, socioreli­ HON. JOHN CONYERS, JR. all blacks during the Revolutionary era gious, and genetic. They certainly had been OF MICHIGAN shared a common goal-the pursuit of free­ integrated economically, as a vital source of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dom and equality. labor. Slaves in the southern colonies, num­ Wednesday, February 22, 1984 The exchange between Captain Whipple bering 90 percent of the total slave popula­ and his slave illustrated another major tion, produced the agricultural staples of e Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, in characteristic of Revolutionary War blacks, the late colonial period, tobacco, rice, and 177 4, 2 years before American inde­ their tendency to differ with whites in inter­ sugar. A plantation required skilled laborers pendence, there were 500,000 black in­ preting the rhetoric and the meaning of the as well as field hands, and these too were dividuals in the American colonies, war itself. When whites, for example, ac­ black. As Marcus W. Jernegan pointed out, nearly 20 percent of the total popula­ cused England of trying to enslave them, "It is hard to see how the eighteenth-centu­ tion. At least 5,000 blacks served in the they had in mind such measures as stamp ry plantation could have survived if the acts and trade restrictions, royal decrees Negro slave had not made his important Revolutionary Army. Despite the laws and Parliamentary legislation. To white contribution as an artisan." In South Caroli­ that prohibited blacks from military Americans the war meant freedom and lib­ na, Peter H. Wood has noted, slaves not service, they distinguished themselves erty in a politico-economic sense rather only engaged in the full range of plantation in battle. than in the sense of personal bondage. Ad­ activities "but were also thoroughly in­ House Joint Resolution 545 seeks to mittedly, the Revolutionary War did have volved wherever experiments were made honor the contributions of black men its social overtones, as J. Franklin Jameson with new products," such as the develop­ and women in the struggle for Ameri­ reminded us half a century ago. And, as ment of silk culture. North Carolina's blacks can independence. The U.S. Capitol Jesse Lemisch, Alfred F. Young, and others likewise performed complex and essential have pointed out more recently, various un­ tasks. " If their status often forced them Historical Society is actively engaged derprivileged white groups, including into menial labor," observed Jeffrey J. in publishing articles and books on the women, had distinctive reactions to the war, Crow, "they still contributed skills and black role in the War of Independence. each of them viewing it as an opportunity know-how to the colony's agriculture and Unfortunately, not very much is for advancement. crafts." 3046 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1984 The northern provinces also had their the Dorchester County Committee of In­ most concrete offer in terms of man's in­ component of slaves with industrial skills. spection reporting that "the insolence of alienable rights. which is only to say that Slave workers in New York, as described by the Negroes in this country is come to such the loyalty of black Americans centered on Edgar J. McManus. "showed proficiency in a height that we are under a necessity of the fundamental credos upon which the every field of human endeavor." Lorenzo J. disarming them. We took about eighty guns, new nation was founded. Greene. another authority on blacks in the some bayonets, swords, etc." The hope of black Americans for a new colonial North, painted a similar picture of Slave discontent was further evidenced in day of equality was not realized; it was a the slave in New England who might be the marked increase . of runaways. To dream deferred. True, the Revolutionary called upon "not only to care for stock, to escape-minded blacks the war was a god­ War had its positive side. It was imbued act as a servant, repair a fence, serve on send; the number of fugitive slaves reached with a strong moral overtone, leading some board ship, shoe a horse, print a newspaper, flood proportions during the conflict. whites to question an institution such as but even to manage his master's business." Thomas Jefferson estimated that during slavery, no matter how time-honored. To And in New England, as elsewhere, slave the war more than 30,000 Virginia slaves whites of a reformist turn of mind the war women were proficient spinners, knitters, took to their heels. Attesting to their nu­ had exposed the inconsistencies and contra­ and weavers. merical strength, runaway slaves in Revolu­ dictions in American thought about the Daily contacts between black worker and tionary Georgia established communities of rights of man, particularly those of the white owner inevitably led to a sociocultural their own. black man. But if heightened sensitivity to interaction between the parties. with the Black's desire for freedom found its great­ the presence of an underprivileged black slaves becoming familiar with and some­ est fulfillment in wartime service as arms­ group characterized some whites, they were times adopting the beliefs and behavior pat­ bearers. British overtures and American far out-numbered by those who detected no terns of their owners. Such personal con­ military necessity enabled slaves to join the ideological inconsistency. These white tacts were most frequent when a master armed forces and thereby win freedom with Americans, not considering themselves owned only one or two slaves. The pattern their muskets. The invitation to blacks to counterrevolutionary, would never have of person-to-person association between the join the British ranks was first offered in dreamed of repudiating the theory of natu­ races was less pervasive on the larger plan­ the early months of the war by Lord Dun­ ral rights. Instead they skirted the dilemma tations, but even there one would find a more, Virginia's last royal governor. In June by maintaining that blacks were an out­ corps of domestic slaves, whose children, it 1779 Commander in Chief Sir Henry Clin­ group rather than members of the body may be added, tended to play with the chil­ ton issued the most sweeping of the slave­ politic. They subscribed to an equation of dren of the master. freeing proclamations by the British com­ equality that excluded nonwhites, regarding The Revolution, with its slogans of liberty mand. It promised blacks their freedom and them as outside the sociopolitical communi­ and equality, inevitably appealed to a group stipulated that they would be given their ty encompassed by the Revolutionary War such as the blacks. If this were the credo of choice of any occupation within the British tenets of freedom and equality. the new America, they would joyfully make lines. Blacks welcomed such overtures, their Black Americans, not unexpectedly, gave the most of it. As a class black Americans motivation being more pro-freedom than an entirely different reading to these war­ were not strong on theory and would hardly pro-British. spawned concepts. To them freedom was ev­ have been prepared to discuss the ideologi­ By 1779 the Americans too were welcom­ eryone's birthright; everyone had certain in­ cal origins of the war. But they could read­ ing blacks to their armies. In the early alienable rights. In black circles the feeling ily understand propositions to the effect stages of the war American military and ci­ of independence that these beliefs had fos­ that all men were created equal and that ev­ vilian authorities had adopted a policy of tered outlasted the roar of the guns. Still eryone was entitled to personal freedom. excluding Negroes, a policy based on the unspent, the spirit of '76 found new outlets Themselves short on worldly goods, most mistaken supposition that the war would be among blacks. The Revolutionary War as a blacks did not consider private property, over quickly. By the summer of 1777, with black Declaration of Independence took on particularly the ownership of slaves, a basic the war dragging into its third year, a policy a power of its own, fueled by residual Revo­ natural right. reversal began when the northern colonies lutionary rhetoric and sustained by the Like other Americans, blacks viewed the and Maryland decided to enlist blacks what­ memory of fallen heroes and the cloud of war in terms of their own interests and con­ ever the risks. living black witnesses. To black Americans cerns. Perceiving what they regarded as an Slaves needed no second invitation. Re­ the theory of natural rights did not lose its inescapable inconsistency between the cruiting agents had only to mention or hint relevance with the departure of the British ideals of the Revolution and the institution at that magic word freedom to bring them troops. Blacks were left no choice other of slavery, they redoubled their efforts for into the fighting forces. It is striking, for ex­ than to oppose all efforts to de-revolutionize emancipation. their methods including free­ ample, that of the 289 identifiable blacks in the Revolution. dom suits, petitions to state legislatures, and the Connecticut army, five reported "Liber­ However complacent and self-congratula­ military service. In states like Massachu­ ty" as their surname when they signed on, tory their white countrymen may have been setts that considered them not only proper­ and eighteen reported "Freedom" or "Free­ after expelling the British, the less euphoric ty but also persons before the law, slaves in­ man." black Americans turned their thoughts to stituted suits for freedom. Such actions cast Free blacks also welcomed the coming of the unfinished business of democracy. Their the master in the role of defendant, obliged the Revolutionary War. Just as their lot was sense of self-identity, forged in the colonial either to defend the validity of his title or akin to that of the slaves, so was their re­ period and honed by the Revolutionary to answer the charge that slavery itself was sponse. Like the slaves, the free blacks War, now gave way to a sense of communi­ illegal or unconstitutional. drafted petitions and joined the army. ty, of cooperative effort in a cause that was The effect of a judicial decree extended Prince Hall, for example, did both. Led by no less true-blue Americanism simply be­ only to the litigants immediately involved in the Cuffe brothers, blacks in Massachusetts cause its advocates were dark-skinned. Their the case. Hence blacks seeking freedom col­ lodged an official protest against the denial problems pressing, their resources meager, lectively rather than individually drafted of their right to vote even though they paid black Americans took heed of the Revolu­ petitions to their state legislatures. Typical taxes. In a 1780 petition to the state legisla­ tionary War slogan "United or die." They of such pleas was that sent in November ture they invoked the patriotic slogan, "No were brought together not so much by a 1779 to the New Hampshire assembly by taxation without representation." blood knot or a common Old World heritage nineteen slaves from Portsmouth. Contend­ Free blacks who joined the army were var­ as by a shared experience, particularly ing that "the God of nature gave them life iously motivated. They shared the common during the war, and by a shared pursuit of and freedom," the petitioners asserted that hope, however, that the high-sounding affir­ the goals articulated by Jefferson in 1776. freedom "is an inherent right of the human mations of the Revolution were more than Blacks of the Revolutionary· War era species, not to be surrendered but by con­ hollow rhetoric. With a touch of the wishful could work independently, as in their sent." thinking not uncommon to those who are churches, or cooperatively with whites, as in Slaves in the Revolutionary War South, reform-minded, black Americans tended to providing schools. But neither by independ­ denied recourse to the courts or the legisla­ take seriously the proclaimed goals of the ent nor cooperative action could they make tures, expressed their protests more direct­ patriots. any headway in winning suffrage, a right so ly. Exhibiting an insubordinate disposition, Hence in assessing the temper and spirit vital to the "created equal" concept in the they became harder to handle. Ronald Hoff­ of the Revolutionary War blacks, one finds Declaration of Independence. In the New man concluded in his study of Revolution­ that, slave and free alike, their loyalty was England colonies during the colonial period, ary Maryland that the Eastern Shore cen­ not to a locality in which they were proper­ slaves had been permitted to establish mock ters of black population "were severe tyless, not to an assembly in which they Negro governments, electing their own "gov­ sources of strain and worry during the could not sit, and not to a social order that ernors." Primarily a form of diversion, these Anglo-American conflict." By way of exam­ denied their worth. They reserved alle­ slave "elections" were occasions for feasting ple, Hoffman cited a late 1775 dispatch from giance for whoever made them the best and and merriment, but as Lorenzo Greene has February 22, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3047 argued, the "governments" they set up THE HOUSTON CHRONICLE ON Detente means different things to the So­ "acted as a sort of political school wherein DETENTE viets than it does to Americans. In the early slaves received the rudiments of political 1970s, detente in this country meant arms education which could be drawn upon once agreements, increased trade, a lessening of they were enfranchised." HON. JACK FIELDS the propaganda war, a lowering of barriers Five of the thirteen States forming the OF TEXAS to travel and communications, a general new nation-New York, Pennsylvania, Dela­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES feeling of good will. To the Soviets, we came ware, Maryland, and North Carolina-did to understand, detente represented a period not exclude blacks from voting. Indeed, in Wednesday, February 22, 1984 in which to build more and bigger intercon­ one of these States, Maryland, a black can­ e Mr. FIELDS. Mr. Speaker, in his tinental ballistic missiles, to buy the tech­ didate ran for public office in 1792, very book, "Mein Kampf," Adolf Hitler an­ nology it was incapable of producing, to likely the first of his color ever to take this nounced to the entire world his plan tighten its hold on its own people and to bold step. Thomas Brown, a horse doctor, of world domination by a Nazi, Nation­ continue ideological warfare. sought one of the two seats allotted to Bal­ al Socialism, Germany. However, When the Soviet people themselves began timore in the House of Delegates. In a Sep­ to interpret detente as a lessening of the tember 24, 1792, public letter addressed "to during the 1930's the leaders and peo­ Kremlin's iron grip, they were quickly the virtuous, free and independent electors ples of the free world did not take this warned by their leadership that, "There can of Baltimore-Town," Brown asserted that threat seriously until it was too late to be no peaceful coexistence between social­ he had "been a zealous patriot in the cause save millions of lives and enormous ism and capitalism" in the ideological of liberty during the lat e struggle for free­ public expenditures. sphere. Dissidents were harshly suppressed. dom and independence, not fearing prison Marxist-Leninists the world over, led Instead of speaking of a revival of "days or death for my country's cause." Brown by the Soviet Union, have been an­ of detente," President Reagan is speaking of closed his somewhat lengthy letter with a a more sensible "useful dialogue." There are pledge that " the corpulency of my body nouncing their plans for world domi­ nation since before Hitler. Yet in spite a multitude of avenues for that dialogue to shall be no clog to the exercise of my follow. The most significant development genius, and agility of my limbs, which shall of their progress so evident to any would be for the Soviets to return to the be kept in perpetual motion for the good of schoolchild that can read a map, rela­ bargaining table at both the European in­ the State." His vote so minuscule as not to tively few leaders in the free nations termediate-range missile discussions and the have been recorded, Brown was defeated in take their threat seriously, primarily strategic arms talks. his bid for office, a circumstance reflecting because the language of communism is No more one-sided detente, thank you. No the times. designed to deceive. more rose-colored glasses. Postwar blacks resorted to another form Once such word of deception in the of political participation, the right to peti­ What Moscow calls "military detente" tion for redress of grievances. On December Communist, Marxist-Leninist lexicon is "detente." To gullible and leftist means arms reduction on the part of its ad­ 30, 1799, as the Revolutionary War era was versary while its own arms expansion and drawing to a close, a group of seventy-four members of our society and govern­ war preparations continue behind the blacks from the Philadelphia area addressed ment, detente means friendship, smokescreen of "detente" .-Peking Review a petition "To the President, Senate, and peace, cooperation, and disarmament. . 1976, No. 11. logic." For them the war and the freedom nenko, speaks favorably of detente. In 1982, The triumph of the revolutionary forces concepts it sprouted bore their own seeds of he said, "Detente is unquestionably the in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia, the defeat regeneration. path to peace and cooperation." of the intervention in Angola, the upsurge In fine, the Revolutionary War can be One Western leader commented after of the workers' movement in capitalist coun­ termed a black Declaration of Independence meeting with Chernenko last week that he tries, the enhanced influence of the commu­ in the sense it spurred black Americans to is a man who goes back to the " days of de­ nist parties, and the continued growth of seek freedom and equality. The Afro-Ameri­ tente." the strength and influence of the socialist cans of that era stood wholeheartedly Well, those days of detente were not days world system-all these factors have among those who viewed the war as an on­ of wine and roses. More accurately, the brought home to the imperialists the close going revolution in freedom's cause. To a United States sipped too much diplomatic connection between detente and the class degree approaching unanimity, they clothed wine and began to see the Soviets through struggle. Berecz, World Marxist Review . Sep 1976, p 105. dren. just a little bit: two-thirds of these kids are Right wing reformist conceptions have led Within my Order I was trained as an acad­ boys. Twenty-five percent are 15 years old some people to assume that peaceful coex­ emician. I have an earned doctorate in late and younger, twenty-five percent 16 and 17; istence is possible also in the ideological Medieval History of Dogma and I taught the other half 18, 19 and 20. Eighty to field. Is some kind of reconciliation with that rather arcane subject for about ten ninety percent come from their home bourgeois ideology possible? No, such a rec­ years. I spent the last five years of the cities-runaway kids never run very far. onciliation would lead to the ideological dis­ teaching part of my priesthood in New York Most of these kids come from abusing, one­ armament of communism to the disarma­ City at Manhattan College where I also parent, alcoholic families. There are few ment of the international labor movement. became chaplain to the student body. mysteries about why these kids run away. Peaceful coexistence refers only to inter­ My teaching career came to a rather Most of them have suffered some form of governmental and economic relations; it abrupt end one Sunday as I was preaching exploitation on the street. cannot apply to the ideological struggle be­ to the college kids on campus. My sermon They are good kids-you would be wrong tween two systems. Armed struggle can be that day was on "Zeal and Commitment" - if you thought they were not good kids. avoided. Ideological struggle is unavoidable the need for my students to be more in­ Most of them are simply trying to survive. In the ideological field concessions to the volved in the life and work of the Church. When you are 13, or 14, or 15, or for that bourgeoisie would represent an abandon­ At the end of my sermon the president of matter, 16, 17 or 18, and you have no place ment of the principles of our ideology. M. A. the student body stood up in church and to live, you are cold and hungry and scared Suslov, "Speech," . 2 Feb 1962. said, "Bruce, we think you are a pretty good and you've got nothing to sell except your­ Support. for detente is rooted deeply in teacher, but we don't like your sermons". self-you sell yourself. A tragically high the consciousness of the U.S. working class He said, "We think you should practice number of these kids become the merchan­ and masses, who see its importance for the what you preach and show us a little of that dise in a massive, well-financed, well-devel­ destiny of the world. Long before the U.S. zeal and commitment you just talked oped American sex industry. They have ruling class accepted peaceful coexistence about." become the commodities, the merchandise and detente as an official state policy, soli­ Well, as a result of that rather coercive in­ in our sex-for-sale society, where it has darity with the Soviet Union had been a vitation, I asked for a new assignment: to become okay to pay for sex and be paid for powerful, sometimes decisive, trend in the live and work among the poor in the East it. It is no exaggeration to say that there U.S. working class and democratic minded Village of New York City, that's a very large are hundreds of thousands of teenagers in masses.... And today the U.S. communists slum on the lower east side of Manhattan. this country involved in commercial sex-for­ believe that the role of the working class It's an area of New York completely taken sale. I can't tell you how tragic their lives and masses of people can be decisive in over by the hard drug scene. I moved off are. maintaining a consistent policy of detente, campus into a junkie's apartment near the In the beginning, these kids do not really developing it to the stage of military de­ East River and almost immediately became understand what is happening to them. I tente, and making it irreversible. H. Winter, involved with the problems of some of the mean, in the beginning a girl will say to me, "Whither U.S. Foreign Policy at the Bicen­ hundreds of houseless kids that lived on the "Bruce, he ain't no pimp, he is my boy­ tenary?" World Marxist Review . streets and in the abandoned buildings in friend." "And he needs me". And in the be­ May 1976, pp 93-94.e that neighborhood. ginning a boy will say to me, "Bruce, I ain't One night at two o'clock in the morning in gay, I ain't no hustler, I'm just trying to the middle of a blizzard these six kids make a few bucks". In the beginning. But FATHER BRUCE RITTER AND knocked on my door: four boys and two after a hundred johns, five hundred johns, AMERICAN FAMILIES girls, all under sixteen-runaways from all it becomes increasingly difficult then quite over the country. They asked if they could simply impossible to separate what you are HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL sleep on the floor of my apartment. The from what you do. You become what you do next morning it was still quite cold and and you no longer even care. The girls seem OF ILLINOIS snowing and the kids obviously did not want to show it first in their faces. The boys can IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to leave. One boy, however, did go outside hide it longer. But the boys die sooner-the Wednesday, February 22, 1984 for just a few minutes and brought back girls can survive longer. You see, it is simply four more kids. "This is the rest of us," he more acceptable for a girl to work the street e Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, in his said, "the rest of our family." He said, than a boy. memorable state of the Union address, "They were afraid to come last night, they In our brief history as a child care agency. President Reagan mentioned Father wanted us to check you out first. And I told more than 50,000 kids have come to us. Bruce Ritter, nationally known as the them that you did not come on to us last Most of them have suffered some form of founder of Covenant House, an insti­ night, so that it was probably okay." exploitation. We are simply overwhelmed tution in New York City dedicated to These ten children had been living in one with the problems of the thousands upon helping homeless young people. of the abandoned buildings on the block thousands of homeless and often exploited with a group of junkies who were exploiting children that will come to us this year. Father Ritter has testified before the them sexually-were pimping them-that's Our child care records at Covenant House Senate Caucus on the Family and I am how the junkies were supporting their read like hip versions of William Blake's privileged to bring his inspiring-and habit. And when the kids refused the junk­ "Songs of Innocence and Experience"-with sobering-words to the attention of ies simply burned out the apartment the one great difference. Unlike Blake's little our colleagues. kids were living in and threw them out in waifs, most of our kids were never allowed At this time I insert in the RECORD the snow. A week before that these kids had any innocence to lose-instead they have the remarks made by Father Bruce been forced to make a porn film in order to had to earn innocence through pain-pain Ritter before the Senate Caucus on get some food. Hating what was happening at their homes and greater pain on the to them, horror-stricken at the direction street. the Family, January 26, 1984: their lives were taking, these ten children I know my kids don't look innocent when PREPARED REMARKS OF FATHER BRUCE RITTER fled the junkies and came down the street you first see them. Their life on the street is Ladies and gentlemen of the Senate, my to my place. saturated in the raw need to survive. a need name is Father Bruce Ritter, a Franciscan That was the beginning of Covenant that leads many into crime, many into every priest from New York. I am delighted and House. I could not find a single child care sort of prostitution, formal and informal. privileged to have this opportunity to speak agency that would accept these children, so Yet by and large they are innocent: they are to you this morning about my concerns and I kept them. The problem was that the next victims of social decay and family disinte­ those of my friends. Concerns based on day two more kids came in. And the next gration, caught up in a nightmarish struggle February 22, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3049 for survival before they have had a chance ful forces at work, both economic and cul­ sexually suggestive ad campaigns to sell to grow into physical and moral maturity. tural, a more complex image emerges. On products to adults. Surrounded by a culture Their incredible courage in that struggle, the economic front, for example, families which regards children more as objects than and their desperate groping for purpose and have not fared well during the past decade. as developing human beings, it is hardly a meaning in life are the very essence of real The average income of families in constant shock that many parents treat them as ob­ innocence. dollars declined 6 percent from 1972 to 1981. jects, too. Today, however, I will not dwell on the Yet the federal tax burden on those families At its most extreme, this dehumanization specific needs of street kids; their pain is has increased-once again in real terms-by of children can lead to cultural perversions only a symptom of a much deeper disorder over a third. By contrast, single and married that are deeply humiliating to those who in our society, the disintegration of families taxpayers with no children have suffered love the best in America. Six years ago it and of the environments in which they once only a tiny real increase in their tax burden took merely a walk through Times Square­ prospered. As much as I am honored by during that same period. It is an incredible with child pornography on open display-to your invitation to speak today, I am more fact that in 1984 a single parent with two see how deep that perversion runs. Now the deeply gratified that there exists a group of children can expect to pay higher taxes on world of child prostitution and pornography distinguished public servants willing to con­ the same income than a married couple has moved underground, but the exploita­ front that disorder head-on. It is a task with no children. Ten years ago that same tion of children as sexual objects and part­ which will lead you not just into the most single parent would have paid only two­ ners remains a brutal part of our moral complex questions of social policy but into a thirds as much. landscape. That terrain gives little shelter reconsideration of the role of fundamental Painful as it is, the economic plight of to values that support and sustain healthy moral values in a pluralistic, democratic so­ families-and particularly families at risk of family life. ciety. And it is a challenge that faces not disintegration-is worth pursuing further. A So let's be fair to American families. If it only you who are in government but all of recently completed Columbia University is true that we as a people are less faithful, us who have made the care of children our study of children who come to our New less tender to our families than ever before, life's work. The traditional American family York program found that about half came it is also true that factors out of our control is an awesomely strong and resilient institu­ from families receiving public assistance. have served to hasten family disintegration. tion, but it has probably never been closer That isn't very surprising in light of recent And though we can indulge in endless spec­ to collapse than it is now. statistics showing that over 20 percent of all ulation about the causes of that decay, we For example, from 1970 to 1980 the children under 18 live in families with must accept the fact that the family will number of married couples with children income below the poverty line. According to always remain a stubbornly mysterious in­ under 18 declined, while the number of the scholarship of our own Senator Daniel stitution-a compound of love, commitment, single-parent households doubled. The di­ Moynihan, indeed, one-third of all children weakness, and practicality. vorce rate has tripled since 1960. Of the born in 1979 can expect to live in single­ Whatever its origin, the effect of family children who come to Covenant House, less parent homes on public assistance prior to disintegration on kids is agonizing to review. than a quarter have been raised in two­ their 18th birthday. For young men the suicide rate increased by parent homes. In counselling our kids and Public assistance, however, becomes less almost 50 percent from 1970 to 1979. In working with their parents we see day after and less useful to families in need. In real some other post-industrial societies the rate day the overwhelming emotional and eco­ dollars the typical AFDC grant was cut in of young suicides is even higher than ours. nomic burdens that single parenthood im­ half during the 1970's. When no more than At Covenant House one-third of the girls poses-all the more overwhelming because half of all divorced women can expect to re­ and one-sixth of the boys have previously so many single parents assume that role ceive full child support from their former attempted suicide. Half of our residents seri­ while they are still little better than chil­ husbands, it is clear that many will be ously consider suicide as their only way off dren themselves. forced to turn to a public assistance system the street. According to a recent study as Instability in family life is both evidenced that cannot meet their and their children's many as 82 percent of our residents suffer and exacerbated by the mushrooming mo­ basic needs. from extreme depression or another signifi­ bility of American society. Fully 45 percent Raising a child, I am told, is an expensive cant psychiatric disability. of Americans changed their residence from business. U.S. Department of Agriculture es­ For a short-term crisis program like ours, between 1975 and 1980. The children who timates place the cost at about $2,000 a year the plight of those children presents an come to Covenant House once again illus­ per child on even the barest boned budget­ overwhelming burden. We can only claim to trate the extreme effects of this new trend: j ust for essentials. What is more, the cost of succeed with a third-either through family almost two-thirds have moved at least once raising a child increases constantly as he reconciliation, appropriate referral to a during the past year, and about 25 percent grows-so that the costs for a 16-year-old longer-term program, or establishment in have moved four or more times. Family life are one-third higher in real dollars than for independent living. Of course, we could do for many Americans has become an erratic, a 6-year-old. When most American families some things better-but we will always fail rootless journey from one faceless neighbor­ are not experiencing continuous real in­ with most of them. The time for repairing hood to another. Is it so surprising that creases in income, the economic pressures of endangered families and rescuing their chil­ many of their children eventually take to that increased cost can be severe. For fami­ dren is not after they have fallen apart. the road as well? Slowly, progressively alien­ lies on public assistance the rise in child­ Broken families and homeless children ated from neighborhood, from family, from rearing costs as children grow older is devas­ pr~sent a searing challenge-it is, in my any stable contact of relationships and tating. If we recognize how economic diffi­ view, the deepest ethical and moral chal­ values, many Americans and their children culty can cause severe strain and break-up lenge of our generation. Whether we re­ become slaves of our treasured mobility. of marriages, how can we ignore its effects spond to it will depend not simply on your When we look under the surface of family on a parent-child relationship? resolve as members of Congress but on the life in this country, some ugly, frightening All of us feel safe discussing economic willingness of the entire private sector to facts emerge. From 1977 to 1980 alone the trends and strains because of the large commit itself to the care and protection of number of reports of child abuse and ne­ amount of "objective". quantifiable data family life. glect rose by over 50 percent-to 785,000. Is available. But we don't need statistics to Private sector employers must undertake that simply better reporting? All of us know identify a source of family trauma in this a wide variety of initiatives on behalf of it's not. At Covenant House half of our kids country far more profound than changes in their employees' families. Provision for have been the victims of repeated physical their income-the deterioration, the virtual child care for working mothers at or near abuse. Nationally we have reason to believe collapse of a social and moral climate which the work site could make it possible for hun­ that 25 percent of girls and 10 percent of supports and nourishes family life. dreds of thousands to get off public assist­ boys will have suffered some form of sexual Ours has become a deeply materialistic, ance and into the working force. It didn't abuse by age 18. Fully a quarter of our girls even hedonistic culture-a society of con­ escape my notice that the Senate has re­ admit that they have been raped. It is an sumers. One of the great minds in federal cently done precisely that for its employ­ ominous fact that the girls at Covenant tax policy-Henry Simons-has said that ees-and that now the House is scrambling House most likely to become teenage moth­ children are a "form of consumption" for to catch up. Flexible scheduling of work ers are those who have suffered abuse. their parents. That is, he believed the birth hours and, where possible, structuring work The increase of single parenthood, the de­ of a child into a family should be treated for that can be done in the home could allow clining loyalty of Americans to their neigh­ tax purposes no differently from the pur­ many other parents to work without short­ borhood, and the devastating phenomenon chase of a new boat or car or any other changing their children's need for nurture. of child abuse-these are developments luxury. Distinguished advertising firms We in social services must accept heavy re­ which seem to be the result of individual de­ carefully manipulate children to develop sponsibility for developing effective, imagi­ cision rather than social policy. But if we their consumer mentality, then cynically native responses to what seems a hopelessly turn for a moment to examine other power- turn around to use children in seductive, complex problem. We have to begin with 3050 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1984 the recognition that family reconciliation, supplements for AFDC families with older In one of her great novels George Eliot not youth emancipation, must be our pri­ children, for whom child-rearing costs are paused a few lines to explain why. in a time mary hope. But very often, where families higher. Those supplements could be made crowded with war, crime and disease, she de­ are irretrievably broken, we must focus on conditional on the youths' regular attend­ voted herself to stories about the narrow ways of reintegrating homeless children ance in school or in job-training-thus en­ world of women and families. That world, into their own communities-settings which couraging poor families both to stay togeth­ she explained, was the "vessel" which car­ give them continuity of environment and er and to keep their children in school. Spe­ ries " the treasure of human affections"­ values. And finally we must lead the way in cial income supplements could also be made the means by which mankind's noblest in­ designing ways to provide the emotional available to single parents who enroll in par­ stincts survive from one generation to the support, remedial education and job train­ enting, remedial education and vocational next. Surely all of us here find ourselves ing they desperately need. That includes be­ education programs-all as incentives to often preoccupied with the great questions ginning model business enterprises employ­ move toward independence, and to cover in­ ing homeless youths-to show the private creased costs of child care and transporta­ of war and peace, prosperity and want, free­ sector how to tap their potential. Neverthe­ tion, resulting from participation in those dom and slavery. But if we take for granted less, with unemployment and illiteracy programs. In addition AFDC rules might be too long that best part of our nation's life­ among youth at desperately high levels, our adjusted to allow for " team parenting" by its families-we may live to see what is no­ task is indeed a heavy one. mothers on public assistance-that is, coop­ blest within us perish, and what is kind In prevention of family break-up the pros­ erative living and child-rearing to two single within us fade.e pects are brighter. Churches and communi­ parents to allow one or both to leave on ty groups should be able, with proper finan­ staggered schedules for school or work, cial support, to provide training in parent­ without drastic loss of public assistance. GUN CONTROL AND THE RIGHT ing to young mothers of children at risk. These are investments that I believe would TO PERSONAL PROTECTION Ongoing support for families is always quickly repay their cost by encouraging stronger if it comes from church and neigh­ those on welfare to raise children who can borhood rather than from government: it is break out of the welfare cycle. HON. PHILIP M. CRANE a national scandal how relatively little Finally, I urge you to continue to battle many of our local religious and community against the exploitation of children who OF ILLINOIS organizations do to reach out to families in have landed on the street. This year the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES need. As long as we persist in thinking that Senate took a great step in passing S. 1469- only government can solve problems of pov­ cosponsored by many in this room-to Wednesday, February 22, 1984 erty and social disintegration, the prospect expand federal prohibitions against the use e Mr. PHILIP M. CRANE. Mr. Speak­ of any breakthroughs in those areas will of children in pornography. As some of you remain bleak. may know, that is legislation we at Cov­ er, proposed legislation to restrict the But that is not to say government is free enant House fought for actively-both rights of American citizens to possess from responsibility for immediate, thought­ among you and through our participation as firearms to defend themselves and ful action on behalf of families. Direct gov­ "friend of the court" in the Ferber decision their property represents a severe ernment intervention into family life is only last year. But now it is critical to provide threat to our basic freedoms as citi­ rarely successful and always expensive, but support for law enforcement efforts across zens of the United States. Under government can create a climate that nour­ the country to fight the daily battle against ishes family cohesion. I claim to be no child prostitution and pornography-and to American law, police protection is expert in national affairs, but I think you provide support, as well, for police efforts to guaranteed in broad terms, but there ought to consider a few ideas for action on find missing children. Unless law enforce­ is no provision to provide personal pro­ the federal level-action aimed at strengthen­ ment officials have the mandate and the tection to any particular citizen. Thus, ing families all across the economic spec­ support to protect vulnerable children, we until the law enforcement and crimi­ trum. know only too well that beautifully written nal justice system in the United States First, I challenge you to consider carefully laws can become a dead letter. the current structure of federal taxation as I throw out these ideas timidly, knowing demostrate the ability to furnish an it applies to families. I mentioned earlier that you face heavy demands from many adequate measure of public safety, the disproportionate burden of taxation worthy comers. Our perspective at Cov­ there is no logical reason why citizens borne by families with children, and that enant House is admittedly a limited one-we should be for bidden from doing what­ may be a subject for careful review. Short of see the desperately wounded and the dying ever they can to protect themselves. wholesale tax reform, however, a few rela­ among our children. You here have the abil­ Rather than putting more restric­ tively minor adjustments in the federal tax ity to take the broader view, to examine the laws could make a substantial difference in crisis of the family from every angle and to tions on the possession of firearms, helping the private charitable sector do its seek solutions in every quarter. You have more restrictions should be put on the work in reaching out to families and chil­ the credibility and the clout to lead our criminals that use guns to commit dren in trouble. Some ideas for such adjust­ country toward a responsible, generous con­ crimes. Attention should be focused on ments are: cern for families. Hundreds of thousands of the criminal, not the gun. First, establishment for a tax credit, in ad­ letters from Covenant House supporters dition to currently allowed deductibility, for have convinced me that the American In addition, police statistics in State all charitable contributions aimed at specif­ public eagerly, almost angrily awaits a seri­ after State have demonstrated that ic kinds of problems faced by youth and ous national policy on behalf of family the incidence of crime and violence families: for example, contributions to orga­ health and unity. If you take the lead, they committed by persons who legally pur­ nizations established to provide remedial will follow. chase firearms is virtually nonexist­ education, job training, crisis and long-term Before beginning to formulate that policy, ent. Statistics also indicate that crimi­ shelters for street youth, search networks however, all of us in and out of government for missing children parenting programs need to accept one great, if unpleasant fact. nals do not abide by gun control laws and day-care centers. Tax credits to busi­ The nature of "family" in our society has and that most law-abiding citizens do. nesses employing disadvantaged youth changed: now millions of children are raised Needless to say, the criminal does not could be expanded, and as could new tax by single parents, millions of mothers now bother with the niceties of obeying credits for employers who establish child­ work, and millions of "latch key" children the law-for a criminal is by definition care programs for their employees. Provi­ must get along without constant parental someone who disobeys laws. The end sion of accelerated depreciation and tax supervision. There is nothing wrong with credits for investments in property used by our traditional ideals of family life, but result of gun control legislation is the programs benefiting children and families those ideals must not be allowed to stigma­ law abiding are rendered supine and could attract substantial private capital. If tize the single parents and working mothers helpless in the face of criminal vio­ we are to have tax shelters in this profit-ori­ who work desperately to care for their chil­ lence. ented society, why not direct them toward dren. The fact that you in this caucus have, The following article, Mr. Don B. investments that will directly help families in your Statement of Purpose, recognized Kates, Jr., a San Francisco civil-liber­ at risk? the difficulties facing all types of families­ Second, I urge you to give careful consid­ and set out to find ways of helping to ease ties lawyer, reflects upon the absurdi­ eration to at least minor adjustments in fed­ them-is a measure of the leadership you ties of restricting firearm possession in eral public assistance programs. In particu­ have begun to provide on this most complex a society that fails to provide adequate lar, you should consider establishing income of national problems. protection to its citizens. February 22, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3051 CAN WE DENY CITIZENS BOTH GUNS AND criminial misuses. This estimate is based on A LOOK AT UNITED STATES­ PROTECTION? survey data compiled by pollster Patrick MEXICO RELATIONS tics to show that guns are rarely useful for no occupant is present to use a gun. Never­ theless, studies by criminologists Gary MEXICO CITY.-President Miguel de la self-defense while banning them would radi­ Madrid, expressing deep concern about the cally reduce homicide. But my research and Kleck, David Bordua and James Wright find economic chaos and military violence in that of other criminologists casts doubt on a burglar has a numerically greater chance Latin America, has called on the United both these claims. of being confronted by an armed household­ States to reappraise its policies for the In the five years before the ban went into er than he has of being arrested and pros­ region in 1984. effect in 1977, homicide in the District ecuted and of actually serving time. Which, "I feel that North-South relations on the dropped almost 36%. But in the five subse­ they ask, is greater deterrent: a slim chance American continent could seriously deterio­ quent years it rose 16% that they have both an inalienable in a news conference with foreign corre­ published annually, no comparable statistics right to and an urgent need for handguns to spondents based in Mexico. on beneficial uses are complied. Even justifi­ "There is no doubt that the military inter­ able-homicide statistics are only a crude protect their homes and families. ventions and naval maneuvers of the United index to the value of civilian handguns. We Beyond the pragmatic questions of enforc­ States have created a great deal of irritation don't, after all, measure the value of police ing wholesale confiscation, and the massive in Latin America," Mr. de la Madrid said. guns only by the number of criminals they civil-liberties violations inherent in even at­ Asked in the interview what Mexico kill. The number wounded, captured or tempting it, is the moral issue: Does a socie­ wanted the Untied States to do in Central driven off is far greater and more impor­ ty that has legally announced non-responsi­ America, he repeated his opinion that the tant. A paper delivered to the 1981 meeting bility for protecting its innocent citizens efforts of the so-called Contadora group, of the American Society· of Criminology es­ have the right to prevent them from doing composed of Mexico, Venezuela, Colombia timate that the number of defensive hand­ what they can to protect themselves?• and Panama "provides reasonable, sure and gun uses by civilians each year far exceeds honorable bases for political negotiation. 3052 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1984 "I believe that in Central America politi­ assert its nationalistic character and become those who couldn't make it should not be re­ cal talent is being put to the test to achieve less dependent on the Socialist Bloc. For tained. a good result," he said. " If it is not able to this there would have to be more financial Those are easy ideas to agree to. What solve the problem. a climate of enmity will cooperation from the Latin American coun­ was and is unique about Tol~do is that the increase among the countries involved. tries, Western Europe, Japan, Canada, and teachers' union and the school system ''In Argentina, for example, there is al­ the United States itself. reached agreement that this was not to be ready a feeling of frustration because of the "I feel the Nicaraguan people are willing just the responsibility of school administra­ United States' position on the Falkland Is­ to do this but the American Government tors but, rather, the joint responsibility of lands," the Mexican President said. "If hasn't the least bit of confidence in them," teachers and administrators. other motives are added to this we will have he said. "What I have said is that we should Just what does this mean in actual prac­ an empoisoned climate which will be of no give them the chance to show their good tice? There are two separate but related help to us in doing so many things that faith." programs. One deals with newly hired and have to be done on the continent." Mr. de la Madrid was asked about Fidel inexperienced teachers-interns; the second, He was asked what President Reagan said Castro's reaction to the current situation in with experienced teachers who are having to him in response to this argument. Central America. great trouble. "Whenever I've spoken to President The Mexican President said that from his The Toledo Federation of Teachers selects Reagan," He replied, "we have both been contacts with the Cuban Government, "I be­ a number of outstanding teachers to serve very frank. This in itself seems to me very lieve that Cuba is willing to support the as consulting teachers for a period up to positive. I'm always willing to listen to his Contadora scheme. three years. These teachers play a major reason and he too, at least, seems to be will­ "The more the United States Government part in training, helping and evaluating new ing to listen to mine. I'm afraid we have not becomes more aggressive," he added, " the teachers . . . and ultimately these consult­ convinced each other." more Castro does too, for elementary tacti­ ing teachers make recommendations to a Turning to the continuing high interest cal reasons. But basically I think he wants a nine-member panel, an Intern Review rates and budget deficits, Mr. de la Madrid settlement in the Central American Board, as to which new teachers should be said, "I believe that this worries not only region."• retained and which should be told that American citizens, but also the rest of the they're just not good enough to be given world, because the United States deficit is permanent jobs in the system. The Board is financed not only by domestic savings in the TOLEDO FINDS A WAY TO HELP made up of five teachers and four adminis­ United States, but by the savings of the TEACHERS trators. It makes recommendations to the entire world. school superintendent for final action. "There is no doubt that the American Instead of the usual conflict, the Toledo dollar has regained its role as the major cur­ HON. MARCY KAPTUR plan assumes that joint governance and re­ rency of the Western World," he said, "and OF OHIO sponsibility are better than confrontation. when the American dollar becomes perhaps IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Second, it assumes that teachers are profes­ too strong, and when the interest rates paid Wednesday, February 22, 1984 sionals, not mere workers in an educational in the United States are so high, the attrac­ factory. New teachers are strictly evaluated tion of the American dollar is irresistable •Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, it is through peer review to make sure that only and that implies a problem for the other with great pride that I commend this good teachers are retained. After the eval­ countries that is very difficult to handle. recent New York Times article to my uation there is very little supervision or sub­ DOES NOT BLAME THE UNITED STATES colleagues. As Mr. Shanker points up, sequent evaluation unless some serious problem becomes obvious at a later time. "For Mexico, for example, one of the main solutions to the problems of our public Principals are freed to concentrate on problems is the high interest rate," he said. school systems can be addressed in a schoolwide improvement. Teachers are " Our foreign debt service absorbs a large fair and effective way. helped and evaluated by others in their own part of our effort. This year, for example, I hope this article helps to lead the field of specialization . usually not the case This creates a serious problem for us with between the key players in communi­ ties who develop school policy. when the principal does it. And the princi­ respect to our balance of payments and pal is not torn between keeping morale high managing our budget." UNION, MANAGEMENT SHARE RESPONSIBILITY: and holding teachers accountable. The Mexican President said he did not TOLEDO FINDS A WAY To HELP TEACHERS Then there is the other aspect of the pro­ blame United States policy on interest rates ously having great problems (in the view of had its own reasons for guilt, he said, but the "building committee"-the other teach­ was doing everything possible to correct There's much talk about improving the quality of teachers and about the problem ers in the school-and the principal) are them. He added, however, that if at the of what to do with those who are not com­ placed in " intervention" . . . given one-on­ same time external conditions do not exist petent. Though there may be relatively few one help from the consultants-their col­ in the world economy that favor Mexico, leagues who are outstanding teachers. That the effort here in Mexico City will be insuf­ such teachers, most of the action on this issue is filled with confrontation and con­ help continues until the teacher has im­ ficient. proved to the point of being successful at "I think," the President said, "that Mexi­ flict . . . usually involving fights between teacher unions and school management as the job ... or a decision is reached that the co's problem is very similar to that of other to whether tenure provisions should be teacher can't improve sufficiently and ter­ developing countries. And I do not believe mination is recommended. that the economic recovery of the world can weakened. These fights, no matter who wins in the end, are losers for public education. The program is succeeding. It is popular be achieved only with the great thrust of They undermine public confidence and with both teachers and administrators. the economy of the United States or of the stimulate support for tuition tax credits and After a period of failures to pass bond industrialized countries. issues, the 1982 large bond issue was passed "That is, that if we do not find a way for other forms of aid to nonpublic schools. At least one school district has done it dif­ by 70% of the voters, the largest margin in cooperation to be of benefit also to the de­ ferently and better ... Toledo, Ohio. The the history of the city-a sure sign of public veloping world we will encounter serious district had gone through tough times. In confidence in the schools. problems for the industrialized economies the late 1970s the schools were frequently Of course, there are problems. There are themselves," he said. closed-a revenue shortfall and failed bond some questions as to whether a teacher Mr. de la Madrid said Mexico had been levy, a teachers' strike, snow closings. Rela­ union. which is supposed to protect its mem­ able to avoid social unrest during the eco­ bers, should play a role, a decisive one in nomic crisis of 1983 partly by good luck on tions between the school district and the union were bad for a long time. But in many cases, in deciding not to retain some­ the agricultural front. 1981 ... before all the national fuss about one. There are similar problems on the side INCREASE IN DEMONSTRATIONS education . . . the Toledo Federation of of management. If. teachers are to do the He conceded, however, there was "a great Teachers and the public school system de­ training, evaluation and a large part of the increase" in street demonstrations in 1983- cided to try to turn things around. Both the decision-making in who should be retained close to 1,000 in Mexico City alone-and union and school management agreed that and who should not, many administrators more Mexicans seeking economic refuge in it was not in anyone's interest to have in­ feel the loss of an important part of their the United States. competent teachers on the job. What was job. But, while they are uneasy with their On Nicaragua, Mr. de la Madrid said "we needed was for teachers to be given plenty new roles, both teachers and administrators think we can succeed in having Nicaragua of help and support ... but, given all that, agree that this system is better than the February 22, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3053 one they had before. Teachers are getting According to a status report on the Ameri­ "I've only got a wife, four kids and a more day-to-day help . . . and only good can Indian population prepared by the ranch, so I've got nothing better to do with teachers are being retained. Also, many par­ county's Community Services Department, my free time," he said with a satirical smile. ents who had placed their children in there was a sudden surge in the non-reserva­ "This is all for the prestige." schools outside the city or in private and pa­ tion Indian population here in the years fol­ Beneath it all, Flores knows that if it rochial schools are now bringing their chil­ lowing World War II. weren't for the center about 3,500 Indians in dren back to the Toledo public schools. And, Indian veterans returning to their reserva­ the Barstow area wouldn't receive the any plan which enhances the professional tions found no jobs there and started mi­ health care, job training and other services status of teachers is likely to attract more grating to urban areas. The process was the center provides. Here, as elsewhere, he highly qualified people to the school speeded up, the report says, by the federal said, Indians are reluctant to deal with the system. government's policy of forcibly introducing white man's bureaucracy. The teachers' union and the Toledo the concept of private property ownership "Indians are very shy, you might say," he school system saw what was happening. The on reservation lands that had been com­ said. "it's very hard to get them to talk. system was going down fast. They've made munally held. You've just got to sort of be there." very big and very daring changes. With the That caused a massive migration of Indi­ What's more, he said, Indians are not a great demands for school improvement ... ans from all over the United States into San homogeneous group. and the threat of tax credits . . . other Bernardino County and other parts of "We have 42 different tribal affiliations school systems and teacher organizations Southern California. The government of­ we know of to deal with," he said. One ought to give the Toledo plan a close look. fered transportation, job training and hous­ tribe's beliefs and customs can be very dif­ Or come up with a model of their own ing for Indians and their families willing to ferent from another's. which is based on cooperation rather than move off the reservations. "The main thing you have to know is re­ conflict, shared responsibility, enhanced Today, according to the county report, spect," he said. "The first time you go into professional status for teachers and a real about 90 percent of the local Indian popula­ somebody's house you don't go in and be bottom line of recognizable improvement.• tion lives in areas where income levels are in real witty and tell them all you're going to the lower 25 percent of the population. Over do. They may have a lot of pride and you 40 percent of all off-reservation Indian fam­ simply have to explain the kinds of services THE NEED FOR INDIAN SERVICE ilies receive some form of public assistance. that you can provide. And there are ways of CENTERS And the usual problems of poverty-ill­ doing it without saying 'Here, here's a hand­ ness, alcoholism, chronic unemployment­ out.'" affect Indians as much as any other poor Lou Reed, acting director of the Commu­ HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. segment of the population. nity Services Department's American Indian OF CALIFORNIA "There is a very high morbidity rate from Program, said some Indian people are diabetes," said George Meneses, the coordi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ashamed to disclose their heritage when ap­ nator of a special Indian Education Program plying for aid. It is another reason many are Wednesday, February 22, 1984 of the San Bernardino City Unified School reluctant to apply. District. "I was here when the Indian Center was e Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. "There is also a very high percentage who Speaker, the 1980 U.S. census esti­ operating in San Bernardino," said Castro, are affected by alcoholism," he said. "That's "and I know that some services were getting mates that there are approximately not to say that they're all alcoholics, but through. The difficulty was the dissension 10,084 American Indians within San the problem seems to affect them to a within the board. Bernardino County. greater degree." "So what we're recommending is the selec­ The majority, approximately 90 per­ But unlike blacks, Hispanics, the handi­ capped and other minorities, Indians do not tion of a professional, committed and effec­ cent, live off the reservation among have any kind of organization to deliver tive board that can handle the establish­ the general population. Although con­ services to them or to serve as their advo­ ment of some kind of administrative struc­ fronted by serious problems, there is cate. ture for the American Indian. no effective vehicle to reach the off­ That, coupled with their inherent distrust "The best thing that we can do," he said, reservation Indian. There is a need to of the bureaucracy, makes it difficult for "is to try and ensure that through some ve­ local service agencies to administer pro­ hicle the American Indian gets his fair establish several service centers de­ share so that when the resource allocations signed to focus on the unique prob­ grams designed to help them. "We have programs through Rolling Start are made, the American Indian is not, once lems confronted by this "invisible" mi­ that work with the handicapped," said Ro­ again, the forgotten American.''• nority. Indian service centers can pro­ dolfo H. Castro, executive director of the vide a focal point for advocacy and an Community Services Department. "We have effective framework for service deliv­ programs administered through Casa THE 25TH ANNIVERSARY OF ery. Ramona that are situated in the Mexican­ JUDGE ALBERT AND MILDRED The following is an article from a American community. But as far as Ameri­ MATTHEWS newspaper in my district that dis­ can Indians are concerned, it's a hard thing to get a hold of. cusses the off-reservation Indian and "We have advocates for the blacks," he HON. JULIAN C. DIXON the need for Indian service centers by said. "We have advocates for the handi­ OF CALIFORNIA Carl Yetzer, San Bernardino Sun staff capped. We have advocates for Hispanics, all writer. of whom are making sure their target popu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES MOST OF COUNTY INDIAN POPULATION lations are getting their fair share. But we Wednesday, February 22, 1984 MINGLES WITH OTHER CITY DWELLERS have a vacuum in the American Indian com­ munity." • Mr. DIXON. Mr. Speaker, I appreci­ More than anything else, Castro would ate this opportunity to join the rela­ SAN BERNARDINO.-Although many city like to see an Indian Center re-established tives and friends of Judge Albert and dwellers may not realize it, most Indians in in the San Bernardino area. The community Mildred Matthews in honoring their San Bernardino County do not live on reser­ had one from 1974 until late 1980, but it 25th wedding anniversary. I would also vations. closed because of dissension among its direc­ like to express my sincere appreciation The overwhelming majority-about 90 tors. percent-live among the general population, The only functioning Indian Center in the for the many years of professional and mostly in valley or High Desert communi­ county now is in Barstow, but it operates on community service they have both ties. But they are a largely silent and some­ a shoestring. shared with the people of Los Angeles. times invisible minority. Acting director Robert Flores receives no Judge Matthews has been a pillar of Because the Spanish missionaries of the salary. The county provides office space, the Los Angeles judicial community colonial period gave them Hispanic sur­ which the center shares with Rolling Start. for the past 24 years. From his first names, they tend to blend in with the Mexi­ Flores pays the phone bill out of his own decisions as an administrative hearing can-American population in many urban pocket. areas. And, though their needs are some­ Employed by the Santa Fe Railway as a officer for the Unemployment and times quite different from those of other car inspector, Flores is supposed to be in the Disability Insurance Appeals Board to ethnic groups, social service agencies often center only one day a week. But, he said, he his current position as a superior court have a tough time identifying and reaching comes in when he's needed, usually a few judge for Los Angeles County, Judge out to them. hours every day. Matthews has served the citizens of 3054 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1984 Los Angeles with a degree of responsi­ are available from the Josephson Re­ SBIR PROGRAM REFLECTS bility that promotes fairness and firm­ search Foundation, Inc., 18th floor, 40 FLORIDA'S TECHNOLOGICAL ness. W. 57th Street, New York, N.Y. 10019. PROGRESS His commitment to public service is I extend my sincere appreciation to also evident by his active participation Mr. Marvin Josephson for his out­ HON.ANDY IRELAND in community child care and alcohol­ standing efforts to encourage public ism programs, as well as his 43 years debate on the issues of our time and I OF FLORIDA of service as a Sunday School teacher call our colleagues' attention to the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for the Second Baptist Church of Los executive summary of these important Wednesday, February 22, 1984 Angeles. discussions on American policy in the Mildred Matthews has also made sig­ Middle East. e Mr. IRELAND. Mr. Speaker, the nificant contributions to the citizens SBIR : search program is exactly the kind of flutter with every breeze in the business cli­ "Florida entered the information economy intelligent linking of private and mate. years ago. Our traditional business sectors­ public resources which can further Competing with the top t hree established agricu1ture, construction and tourism-will this process. I was a strong supporter centers-California's Silicon Valley, the be augmented by high-technology industry Boston Corridor and North Carolina's Re­ and international commerce in the next 25 of SBIR when it was first before the search Triangle-are 50 others in various years. Congress. I am delighted with the stages of development, and two dozen on The University of Florida itself is one of quality of the program nationally drawing boards. Dubbed "High-Tech High­ the strongest weapons Florida has in its ar­ during the first year, and the galvaniz­ ways" as a generic term, they sport nick­ senal to win the high-tech war. ing effect which it is having in my own names like Silicon Mountain, Silicon Desert, Business Week points out: "The university State. Silicon Bayou, Golden Triangles near San environment is the engine of technology SBIR was enacted because every au­ Diego and in New Hampshire, Satellite and the driving force behind bringing tech­ thority who had studied the matter, Alley in Maryland, Tech Island on Long nology to an area." Island, Sunset Corridor in Oregon and Poly­ UF provides the sophisticated engineering including the Commerce Department mer Valley near Akron. manpower to help Florida manufacturers and the Executive Office of the Presi­ Florida's chances to be on top when the get ahead, providing more employees than dent, concluded that small firms make smoke of battle clears are very good. any other U.S. university to Harris, and over a "striking contribution to innova­ Says Miami businessman and former Flor­ 800 to IBM's work force. tion." Researchers attribute about ida Secretary of Commerce Stuart Edgerly: UF students design integrated circuits half of all industrial innovations to "California is where it was. Texas is where that Harris builds and UF researchers test small firms, yet small business was re­ it is. Florida is where it is going to be." Harris-designed circuits for electronic noise, ceiving only about 3 percent of all One good reason is sheer momentum. impurities and other factors. UF computer Government R&D contracts. I am Again and again, experts evaluating the graphics expert John Staudhammer serves chances for high-tech industry and research Martin Marietta as a consultant. UF has the pleased to report that many of the center around the country cite the need for nation's first university-based computerized representatives of the 11 departments a "crit ical mass" of successful companies. news service and feeds Viewdata both news and agencies participating in this pro­ Florida has it. In the "Electonics Belt" and employees. Harris, IBM, and most of gram have told audiences all over the near Orlando, In "Silicon Beach" in sout h­ the other firms have donated or loaned country that, although many people east Florida. In "Robot Alley," which runs robots and computers to help UF produce have questioned whether devoting from UF in Gainsville down to Orlando. the sophisticated employees they need. Tro­ one-half percent or 1 percent of their Energy Research and Education Park. would help their agency or help the High tech's mass exodus to the Sunshine In fact, research-education exchanges link State started a quarter of a century ago UF with most of Florida's top 10 manufac­ country, the solid results of this pro­ along the Space coast and has gained mo­ turing firms. gram have made believers out of the mentum since then. Many of the state's efforts to ensure a skeptics. Florida's biggest manufacturing firm, high-tech future involve the University of As a result, our agencies are per­ Martin Marietta, began in Orlando in 1956 Florida. UF is headquarters for FEEDS forming their missions better. In addi­ with a handful of employees and now em­ Transportation equipment ranked second can not afford to get mixed up in battle to attract high-technology indus- with 11 percent." this." 3056 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1984 Last summer, another of those in­ section of Foothill and Van Nuys boulevards WHO TURNED THE FIRST stances almost occurred. In fact, it in Pacoima, said he was standing in the AMENDMENT UPSIDE-DOWN? would have had it not been for the ini­ backyard of his home at about 7 p.m. tiative of one man. One minute he was Wednesday when he heard " the screeching standing in his backyard. The next, he of brakes and the impact." HON. PHILIP M. CRANE As police later reconstructed the accident, OF ILLINOIS was racing to the scene of an auto ac­ Salvador Jiminez had been heading south cident in which a young woman was on Foothill with his pregnant, 23-year-old IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fatally injured. Others gathered as wife when a car driven by William Scurlock Wednesday, February 22, 1984 well, but instead of following their ran a red light and slammed broadside into stand back and wait for the rescue the Jiminez vehicle. e Mr. PHILIP M. CRANE. Mr. Speak­ squad example, this man stepped for­ " I ran to the corner, and when I got there er, I have no doubt that if the Found­ ward to give aid, noticing as he did so her torso was hanging out the window," Von ing Fathers of this Nation were alive that the woman was pregnant. Where­ said. "The whole side of her head was caved today they would be appalled by a in.. . . recent trend in constitutional interpre­ upon he administered CPR in the "She gave a last gasp, and I thought, 'Oh hope that, at the very least, the baby God, she's dying.' But I looked down, and I tation. The first amendment clause could be saved. Not one of the 50 to 60 saw she was pregnant. I figured that if I that allows for freedom of religion has people watching responded to his could get some air into her lungs, the baby been so radically interpreted and dras­ pleas for help, some even criticized his might have a chance.... tically altered so as to leave it hanging efforts but, in the end, those efforts ''I'd never had any formal training in CPR by a thread. This clause, known as the were rewarded. The baby was subse­ or any of that, but I'd watched it on televi­ "free exercise" clause, was originally sion. I figured I had to do something." But intended to prevent the Federal Gov­ quently delivered alive by Caeserian Von said that when he asked the gathering section, an accomplishment doctors crowd for assistance in removing Antoinette ernment from establishing a national later said probably would not have Jiminez and her semiconscious husband religion and forcing compliance with been possible had it not been for this from the wreckage of the car. no one that State religion. It states very unsung hero. That's right, hero. This stepped forward. simply: "Congress shall make no law man's action not only required quick "I hollered to the people to help, but. respecting an establishment of reli­ thinking and the courage of his con­ honest to God, they did nothing," Von said. gion, or prohibiting the free exercise "I finally got to her and laid her across thereof." victions, but it saved a life. And that is the seat. and then I found her legs were the stuff of which heroes are made. trapped. I couldn't get anyone to help, but I Somehow, however, the courts of Perhaps if unsung heroes like Ken­ finally ripped the dash loose by myself, got this land have interpreted this clause neth Von received more recognition her out, cleared her mouth and started to mean that the State should insulate for putting the needs of others above mouth-to-mouth and CPR." itself from all moral and religious concern for self in a time of crisis, Von said that as he labored over the values. Nothing could be further from more people would follow their exam­ stricken women, "the people stood around the truth; the framers of the Constitu­ ple. Therefore, I ask unanimous con­ and criticized me for what I was doing.... tion were themselves deeply religious " One woman looked at all the blood and sent that the September 9, 1983, Los said, 'Ugh, I wouldn't do that.' men with an abiding belief in the posi­ Angeles Times article describing Ken­ "Another person said, 'You're sick, man. tive effect of religion in men's lives. As neth Von's heroic rescue be inserted in She's already dead.' John Adams stated: the RECORD at this time. After reading "There were 50 or 60 people there, and no Statesmen may play and speculate liberty, this story, I am sure my colleagues will one would help me." but it is religion and morality alone upon join me in paying tribute to a man Rose Brown, a witness to the accident, which freedom can securely stand. A patriot who, under pressure, was more than confirmed Von's account. must be a religious man. equal to the challenge of helping "I don't know why they didn't help," she The trend that has prevailed in the said. "They just stood there, acting like someone in need. dummies.'' past two decades has been to reject The article follows: Among those who didn't help, according Mr. Adams' admonition and leave reli­ CFrom the Los Angeles Times, Sept. 9, 1983] to police, was Scurlock. gion entirely out of Government. I be­ MAN SAVES UNBORN BABY OF CRASH VICTIM Officers said that after throwing several lieve that the effect has been both tation- was saved. the Caesarean section was performed after The question of application of Judeo­ Born by Caesarean section at Lakeview she was pronounced dead. Doctors said Christian ethics to ·public policy has gener­ Terrace Medical Center in Pacoima about Von's resuscitation efforts probably kept ated serious discussion as well as some shrill an hour after the accident, Antoinette Ji­ the unborn child alive by getting oxygen to and sadly misinformed rhetoric over recent minez's tiny daughter was reported in seri­ the fetus through the dying woman's body. months. Moral Majority has been the most ous but stable condition Thursday. Salvador Jiminez was hospitalized with readily available target. For some, it has Doctors there credited Von-who learned several fractures, police said. Elisha, Oritha been shocking to be confronted with large, his lifesaving techniques by watching televi­ and John Fletcher were treated for minor organized groups of Christians who lobby sion-with saving the child's life. cuts and bruises and released. for or against particular political positions. "I was sad the woman didn't make it, but I "Scurlock is still hiding someplace." There is, in a sense, good reason for this hadn't thought she would," Von said Thurs­ Valley Traffic Division police Officer An­ reaction: for nearly a century, large groups day. "What I was really working on was to thony Bartoletto said Thursday. "We don't within the evangelical church have been vir­ save that baby. I was awfully happy when I know where." tually trapped in a type of pietism that heard it was alive.... As for Von, he said Thursday that he often excluded public involvement. Why, "What ticked me off was the reaction of plans to get some formal training in lifesav­ then, in a society that has traditionally rev­ all those people who just stood there and ing techniques. now. eled in democratic action, are we not rejoic­ watched," he said. "Nobody wanted to get " I guess the other people were afraid ing that these people have finally come out involved." they'd get sued, but I never thought about of their cultural cloister? I personally be­ Von, 36, a divorced trucking company ex­ that," he said. " I just acted on impulse. lieve the debate is healthy for our nation. I ecutive who lives with his 14-year-old " I'd do it all over again in a minute if I see the resurgence of a viewpoint that calls daughter and 12-year-old son near the inter- thought I could help someone.''• for strong foundations in ethics as a sign of February 22, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3057 hope in a culture that seems to have forgot­ The purpose therefore of the First manifestos. Its religious/ethical beliefs are ten its roots. Amendment was to keep the federal govern­ extensive: humanism denies and rejects The framers of the U.S. Constitution ment out of religion. It provides freedom for God, theism, deism, faith, prayer, all divine wanted to keep the federal government out religion, not the modern interpretation of purpose of providence, all religions that of the business of the church. At the same absolute freedom from religion-which I be­ "place God above human needs," the exist­ time, they expected the church and its lieve is logically impossible. ence of life after death, " traditional reli­ members to have influence in the develop­ The founding fathers lived in a time when gious morality," "national sovereignty," and ment of this nation's policies. They did not the intellectuals readily admitted that the a "profit-motivated society." write the concept of absolute separation of Christian religion, with its roots deeply em­ Humanism proclaims its own set of self­ the church from the state into the Constitu­ bedded in Judaism, served as the source for serving, unproved dogmas as replacement tion. And while not all members of the Con­ many aspects of eighteenth-century crimi­ for the tenets of traditional religion. It as­ tinental Congress or the men who wrote the nal law, tort liability, the role of voluntary serts that the universe is "self-existing and Constitution were practicing Christians, agencies and charities, the concepts of just not created." It says man is the product of they lived within a framework of Christian defense of nations, and the definitions of evolution and that the "joy of living" and principles, and they revered Christianity as basic human dignity and human rights. the "satisfactions of life" are the supreme a necessary undergirding for social struc­ When the First Amendment was ratified in goal of man. Ethics come from "human ex­ ture. It was thus that Benjamin Franklin, a 1791, many of the states presumed that perience," not from God. renowned religious skeptic of his time, could members of the churches, with Christian­ Humanism recognizes and accepts abor­ make the following comment during the ity's wealth of ethics and tradition of in­ tion, euthanasia, suicide, and all varieties of Constitutional Convention of 1787: volvement in policy formation, would work sexual exploration and immoral lifestyles. It "We have not hitherto once thought of intimately with both local and state govern­ works for the establishment of a "secular humbly applying to the Father of Lights to ing bodies. society," a "socialized economic order," illuminate our understanding. In the begin­ As Alexis de Tocqueville noted, "America world government, military disarmament, ning of the contest with Great Britain, is still the place where the Christian reli­ and population control by government. when we were sensible to danger, we had gion has kept the greatest real power over Whether consciously or unconsciously, daily prayers in this room for devine protec­ men's souls; and nothing better demon­ those who support secular humanism are at­ tion. Our prayers, sir, were heard, and they strates how useful and natural it is to man, tempting to make it the religion of Ameri­ were graciously answered ... do we imag­ since the country where it now has the can government. The conflict between two ine that we no longer need his assistance? I widest sway is both enlightened and the philosophical beliefs surfaces in specific have lived, sir, a long time, and the longer I freest." issues. Those of us who are in elective public live, the inore convincing proofs I see of this Commenting further on those who attack life are being asked to take a stand. For ex­ truth-that God governs the affairs of men. Christian influence in America, he said: ample: "And if a sparrow cannot fall to the "Unbelievers in Europe attack Christians Creation/evolution.-Do we teach only ground without his notice, is it probable an more as political than as religious enemies; one or both theories in public schools? empire can rise without his aid? We have they hate the faith as the opinion of a party Homosexual lifestyle/practice.-Should been assured, sir, in the sacred writings that much more than as a mistaken belief, and the nation's laws recognize and encourage a except the Lord build the house, they labor they reject the clergy less because they are tolerance of it? in vain that build it. I firmly believe this." the representatives of God than because Permissiveness.-Should we discipline John Adams made the following comment: they are the friends of authority." children in public school and, as a last "Statesmen may play and speculate liberty, In many ways, modern America has taken up the banner that de Tocqueville found resort, use corporal punishment? but it is religion and morality alone upon Prayer in public schools.-Should a school which freedom can securely stand. A patriot not only inappropriate, but lacking in credi­ bility. It has concluded that the church district have the authority to permit an must be a religious man." opening prayer? The very concept of our representative must be neutralized, and so Christianity that informs and influences the state has Pornography.-Are there any circum­ form of government-the checks and bal­ become a political threat to the independ­ stances where society can deal with the de­ ances system and the doctrine of enumer­ ence of the state, which has put itself in the humanizing of sexuality and in downgrad­ ated powers-was founded upon the Chris­ place of God. ing to the level of animals? tian belief that man is fallible and prone to "How dare they dictate their moral con­ Capital punishment.-Are there any cir­ wrongdoing. Thus, in order to ensure that victions to all Americans!" is the battle cry cumstances where society can impose the no one man or group could attain and of those opposed to Moral Majority and death penalty? misuse excessive power, the federal govern­ similar groups. But if we do not base our Deficit spending.-Does the continued ment was limited. legal and political decisions upon Christian practice of deficit-money supply expan­ The Constitution is not, nor was intended morals, upon what morals then are they to sion, debasement of the currency-reach the to be, a religious creed. Christian theism, be based? point of theft prohibited by the seventh however, so permeated the minds of those Every man, whether he recognizes it or commandment? who wrote it that the principles within it not, lives by a code of ethics in his personal Abortion.-When does life begin? And are "indubitably Christian," as the English life-a code that necessarily affects society after it has begun, is there any point before historian and renowned skeptic, H. G. Wells, in general. The belief in man's adequacy to birth at which taking it should be prohibit­ put it. rule his own affairs of Lebanon. the Shiite Moslems, the largest On Sunday evening, February 26, BosTON.-Is there any thing in the recent population group, had long been the weak­ 1984, the Vaad Harabonim of Queens history of American foreign policy to equal est politically. Now many Shiites were will celebrate its installation of offi­ the sheer concentrated folly of Ronald Rea­ pushed north to Beirut by the invasion; cers at Congregation Tifereth Israel of gan's performance in Lebanon? To that others, remaining in the south, clashed with Jackson Heights. The new slate of of­ complicated problem he has brought igno­ the occupying Israeli forces. The result was ficers is composed of individuals who rance, ineptitude, self-delusion and purpose­ to radicalize the Shiites, to make them more have been recognized for their scholar­ less militarism. The result is disaster-and insistent on a prominent role in Lebanese politics and more susceptible to the revolu­ ship, their leadership, their experi­ he shows no signs of learning from it. ence, and their character. To begin at the end: One week ago, in a tionary influence of the Ayatollah Kho­ Wall Street Journal interview, the President meini. It is, therefore, my pleasure, Mr. was asked about Speaker Thomas O'Neill's To the end Mr. Reagan and his people ig­ Speaker, to call on the Members of the call for removal of the Marines from Leba­ nored those realities. He talked about Leba­ Congress of the United States to join non. "He may be ready to surrender," Mr. non as if it were an East-West battlefield in­ me in extending congratulations to Reagan said, "but I'm not." stead of a sectarian morass. He pressed the Rabbi Mordekai Shapiro, president; When he made that nasty comment, his Israelis to hold their lines even as they Rabbi Hershel Solnica, honorary Administration had already made tentative knew better. His rigid words encouraged the hard men behind Amin Gemayel. His brava­ president; Rabbi Meyer Bilitzky, plans to pull the Marines out. Was he igno­ Rabbi Moshe Gans, and Rabbi Irwin rant of what was going on? Or did he know do last week about holding fast probably en­ and just decide that the best way to deal couraged them to their fatal mistake: Sanders, vice presidents; Rabbi David with the critics of his failing policy was a having the Lebanese Army attack Shiite Bergstein, treasurer; Rabbi Benzion McCarthyite swipe? neighborhoods. Disintegration of the army Levin, secretary; and Rabbi Yitzchak When the moment came to announce that followed. A. Sladowsky, executive vice president. the Marines would in fact be withdrawn, There are still ways that the United With pride in their heritage, and there was another display of the true States could be useful in Lebanon: political­ through patience, gentleness, and de­ Reagan character. He flew off for a little ly, not through the fantasy of change by termination, may the new administra­ holiday and left it to a press handout to an­ military force. Druse and Shiite leaders can nounce the withdrawal that a week earlier be talked to; they still are demanding only a tion of the Vaad Harabonim of Queens he had said would mean "a pretty disastrous share, not all power in Lebanon. be successful in writing a glorious result for us worldwide." No serious Presi­ But it is little use thinking about such chapter in the history of the growin~ dent, or person, would so cravenly evade re­ possibilities while Ronald Reagan is Presi­ Queens Jewish community, trium­ sponsibility. dent. His idea of American influence is to phantly and in good spirit.e Mr. Reagan's responsibility for failure in have the battleship New Jersey fire its guns Lebanon goes back to the period just before into the mountain villages of Lebanon. Israel's invasion in June 1982. The United There can be no reasonable American policy CH2M HILL RECEIVES AWARD States Government knew what Israel was while we have a rigid, ignorant, irresponsi­ FOR OUTSTANDING WORK planning and did nothing to stop what ble President.• WITH SMALL AND DISADVAN­ turned out to be a tragic mistake, costly to TAGED BUSINESSES Israel and Lebanon and America. The man who planned the invasion, Gen. TRIBUTE TO VAAD HARABONIM Ariel Sharon, thought he could not only OF QUEENS HON. RON WYDEN drive the P.L.O. out but remake Lebanon OF OREGON into a unitary state, friendly to Israel, under HON. GARY L. ACKERMAN IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES control of a Maronite Christian minority. It OF NEW YORK was a wild delusion that no one the least fa­ Wednesday, February 22, 1984 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES miliar with that difficult country could have • Mr. WYDEN. Mr. Speaker, it is my believed. But Ronald Reagan did-or acted Wednesday, February 22, 1984 pleasure today to congratulate the as if he did. e Mr. ACKERMAN. Mr. Speaker, it is In September of 1982, when Amin Ge­ international consulting engineering mayel became President in shattered Beirut, with great pleasure that I rise today to firm of CH2M HILL, which is head­ there was a window of opportunity to knit draw the attention of my esteemed quartered in Oregon. CH2M HILL re­ the sects of Lebanon into a government. Mr. colleagues in this Chamber to the out­ ceived a significant award recently Gemayel was popular with Moslems then. standing accomplishments of the Vaad from the Environmental Protection The problem was to work out a power-shar- Harabonim of Queens, the distin- Agency. EPA recognized CH2M HILL'S

31-059 0-87-8 (Pt. 3) 3060 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1984 outstanding commitment to involving to recognize the fine contribution of safety and more healthful workplaces small, disadvantaged, minority and made to this effort by the European one of his primary goals. His performance women-owned businesses in EPA­ Division of the Library of Congress by here today recognizes the success of his ef­ funded work as subcontractors. arranging for a symposium of distin­ forts and the cooperation of all Postal em­ The Agency contracted with CH2M guished scholars in conjunction with ployees in achieving that goal. A Postal pub­ HILL over a year ago to manage the the opening day of the exhibit. lication attests to the Postal spirit when it Superfund program to deal with haz­ This unique and informative effort stated recently, "Supervisors are aware of ardous waste sites in the 29 Western will promote the friendship and under­ their safety responsibilities and recognize States and territories . As program manager for Scandinavia as well as illustrate inno­ tives is as important as reaching productivi­ zone II, CH2M HILL built an effective vative educational techniques. It has ty goals." Their efforts have resulted in: team and aggressively tackled this the full support of both Houses and I Compensation costs for 1982 being re­ urgent and complex assignment. They am very honored to serve with Senator duced 17 percent from the Postal Service's have subcontracted a great deal of this average for the three previous years. ORRIN G. HATCH as the chairman of Compensation claims being reduced 23 work. In fact, the original subcontract­ the Congressional Organization Com­ percent in the same period. ing goals established for small, minori­ mittee. I would also like to thank the It is a pleasure, Mr. Bolger, to present the ty and women-owned firms have been following House and Senate leadership 1982 Presidential Award in Category I, to far exceeded. This is an excellent ex­ for serving as honorary cochairmen: you and all the employees in the U.S. Postal ample of a company actively seeking TIP O'NEILL, JIM WRIGHT, TOM FOLEY, Service. and successfully obtaining the partici­ TRENT LOTT, and Senators TED STE­ 2. The Department of Defense, because of pation of such groups in meaningful VENS, and ALAN CRANSTON. In addition, its size, was divided into four groups-the ways. I appreciate the support as honorary three military services and the fourth group CH2M HILL, which is the sixth larg­ patrons from the following Members comprising all branches of DOD other than est consulting engineering firm in the of Congress: DINGELL, HORTON, military services. This fourth group of non­ country, was presented the first TOWNES, LEVIN of Michigan, WON PAT, service personnel represents such activities annual EPA Administrator's Award DYMALLY, PERKINS, PEPPER, CORRADA, as communications, mapping, logistics and for "Outstanding Prime Contractor MCCANDLESS, LUNDINE, SIMON, HERTEL intelligence, and had a compensation claim Achievement" on November 29, 1983. cost of $65 per employee in 1982, while the of Michigan, WEISS, RANGEL, SABO, average cost in the Government was $296 The award was accepted by CH2M LEHMAN, GREEN, LEVINE of California, per employee. Their claims rate was less HILL's president, Harlan Moyer; vice ERLENBORN, FEIGHAN, SCHUMER, than two per 100 employees while the aver­ president for governmental affairs, MINETA, PATTERSON, BOXER, VENTO, age for the government is over six per hun­ Richard L. Corrigan; corporate affirm­ PETRI, BRITT, and REGULA .• dred. I am pleased to present the 1982 Presi­ ative action officer, Willy Loud; and dent Award in Ca~gory II to Assistant Sec­ manager of the firm's mid-Atlantic re­ WORKER SAFETY IN FEDERAL retary of Defense, Lawrence J. Korb. gional office in Reston, Va., where the 3. The Civil Aeronautics Board had a Superfund program management staff AGENCIES claims rate of less than one-actually .71- are located, George Gunn.e per 100 employees in 1982, and that repre­ HON. THOMAS E. PETRI sents a 13 percent reduction from CAB's OF WISCONSIN previous three-year average. This agency TEACHING ENGLISH IN IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES has also affected a 38 percent reduction in SCANDINAVIA their compensation costs. Wednesday, February 22, 1984 It is a pleasure to present the 1982 Presi­ HON. WILLIAM D. FORD •Mr. PETRI. Mr. Speaker, last No­ dential Award, Category III, to Dan McKin­ vember, I attended the Presidential non, Chairman of the Civil Aeronautics OF MICHIGAN Safety and Health Awards ceremony Board. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES at which Edwin Meese, Counselor to 4. The Department of Agriculture has Wednesday, February 22, 1984 the President, spoke. His remarks made tremendous strides in its safety and demonstrate the administration's com­ health program as evidenced by their 42 •Mr. FORD of Michigan. Mr. Speak­ percent reduction in compensation claims er, I am very pleased to bring to the mitment to worker safety in Federal agencies and the savings to the Gov­ rate and a compensation costs per employee attention of my colleagues a special below the Government-wide average. It is, exhibit on "Teaching English in Scan­ ernment that result from lower worker therefore, gratifying to present the Honora­ dinavia" mounted by the Scandinavian compensation costs when safety is the ble Mention Certificate in Category I, to As­ Council of Washington, D.C., in the goal in the workplace. I believe that sistant Secretary John J. Franke, Jr., and to rotunda of the Cannon Building. The my colleagues would be interested in all Department of Agriculture employees. monthlong exhibit beginning Febru­ seeing what contributions various 5. The National Aeronautics and Space ary 23 demonstrates the development agency heads made to safety and to Administration is recognized for having the of the remarkably effective multilin­ lower compensation costs in 1982 and low claim rate of 1.62 per 100 employees in gual societies in the five Scandinavian 1983. Therefore, I am requesting per­ 1982 and for having the second best claims countries: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, mission to insert Mr. Meese's remarks cost record in its category. It is, therefore, a Norway, and Sweden. in the RECORD at this point. pleasure to present the Honorable Mention Certificate in Category II, to NASA's Ad­ The exhibit features methods for REMARKS BY EDWIN MEESE III, COUNSELOR TO THE PRESIDENT, PRESIDENTIAL SAFETY ministrator, James M. Beggs, and to all the teaching English in the Scandinavian employees of NASA. schools, reinforcing it in the home, AND HEALTH A WARDS CEREMONY I am honored to be presenting these 6. The National Science Foundation has and encouraging its use as a fully de­ reduced its compensation costs by 36 per­ veloped second language. Special em­ awards to the winning agencies on behalf of President Reagan, whose schedule made it cent-to a point where there is only an ex­ phasis will be given to the role of lan­ impossible for him to be here. penditure of $9 per employee. As mentioned guage as a common medium through The value of these awards does not exist earlier, the Government-wide average com­ which diverse groups can work in a in the plaques or certificates to be present­ pensation cost is $296. It is my pleasure to spirit of cooperation and trust. The ed. Their true value lies in the fact they rep­ recoginze Director Edward A. Knapp and all tribute to education in Scandinavia resent Federal employees lives saved, inju­ other employees of the National Science joins other nationwide programs ries and illnesses prevented, and untold dol­ Foundation by presentation of this Honora­ begun in 1982 as a concerted effort to lars saved in compensation costs. I am ex­ ble Mention Certificate in Category III.e tremely pleased to represent the President acquaint our country with the customs at this ceremony. and culture of a people so significant 1. William F. Bolger, when appointed as to our own heritage. I would also like Postmaster General, made accomplishment February 22, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3061 EMIGRATION POLICIES OF THE bring up to three more years of imprison­ The bill also calls for a reduction of SOVIET UNION ment. 4 million tons of nitrogen oxide by It is through oppressive acts such as 1995. This will be achieved through re­ HON. WILLIAM F. CLINGER, JR. these that the Soviet Union attempts visions to the new source performance OF PENNSYLVANIA to silence and bury its dissidents standards for electric utility steam IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES within. However, I believe that if we, generating units and small industrial the Members of the U.S. Congress, boilers, and through revised emissions Wednesday, February 22, 1984 lead the world in voicing our unani­ standards for trucks. e Mr. CLINGER. Mr. Speaker, today I mous disapproval of Soviet immigra­ would like to call attention to the emi­ TRUST FUND tion policy, the U.S.S.R. will modify its One unique feature of this legisla­ gration policies of the Soviet Union, position in the face of public outcry and most notably, to their increasing tion is the funding mechanism. The and allow its Jewish citizens the right U.S. Treasury will be authorized to defiance to the requests of Soviet Jews to emigrate freely to the West.e to emigrate. provide 100 percent interest-free loans Even though the U.S.S.R., along for the capital costs of any equipment with 35 other countries, signed the ACID RAIN CONTROL PROGRAM necessary to meet mandated reduction Helsinki accords in August of 1975, the levels. A nationwide fee of 1.5 mills/ Soveit Union has, for the past 4 years HON. MATTHEW J. RINALDO kilowatt-hour will be imposed on all in particular, severely limited the OF NEW .JERSEY nonnuclear fossil fuel generated elec­ number of Jewish citizens that they IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tricity for a period not to exceed 6 years. In addition, the Department of have allowed to emigrate. They have Wednesday, February 22, 1984 also spread anti-Zionist propaganda, the Treasury will be authorized to and consistently harassed many of e Mr. RINALDO. Mr. Speaker, I have issue bonds in anticipation of loan re­ those who did apply for exit visas. It is introduced legislation today dealing payments. The moneys generated will estimated that since 1968, 380,000 with the acid rain problem which may be pooled in a trust fund at the De­ Soviet Jews have expressed an interest be one of the most significant environ­ partment of Treasury for the purpose in leaving and have been denied. mental concerns of the century. Incor­ of making interest-free loans. Loan re­ In March of last year, the Soviets porating most of the provisions advo­ payments will be related to the level formed what they called an anti-Zion­ cated by the Coalition of Northeastern and schedule of debt service on the ist Committee of the Soviet Public. Governors, this legislation, in contrast bonds issued, with repayments after This was allegedly formed to counter to other bills, does not tell the States the construction period reduced to the the influence of Israel and other how to achieve their allocated emis­ amount necessary to repay funds Jewish organizations. Despite the sion reductions. Reductions may be raised through bond issuance. above mentioned figures, in June this achieved from any source, including There are several advantages to this committee announced that "the proc­ powerplants and major combustion approach. First, this program will ess of reuniting families is, for the sources. States may select any combi­ allow all construction to begin within most part completed." This is taken by nation of reduction measures, so long 5 years of enactment, as 100 percent of many to be further evidence that the as the required reduction is achieved the necessary funds will be assured. Soviet Union will not allow many more on schedule. Immediate construction will reduce of its Jewish populace to emigrate, and The effects of acid deposition have the total cost of the program, as I urge Congress to seriously address been documented throughout the future inflation costs will be avoided. and consider this issue. Nation. Acid rain has caused damage Second, the certainty of funding will In addition to this anti-Semitic to aquatic, soil, forest, material and provide a stable planning environment stance, the Soviets have recently un­ cultural resources as well as reductions for utilities and eliminate the risk and dertaken several steps to insure that in visibility. It is, therefore, essential interest payments associated with Jewish citizens do not have the same that a comprehensive, nationwide pro­ market funding. Third, a loan program fundamental rights as those of other gram of acid rain controls be adopted will encourage utilities to be economi­ Soviet citizens. Because of the increas­ immediately. This legislation attempts cal in their emissions reductions strat­ ing desire to emigrate, authorities re­ to provide a framework under which egies. Finally, once construction is ter­ duced the number of Jewish students these controls can be implemented. minated and all bonds retired, loan re­ enrolled in institutions of higher REDUCTIONS IN EMISSIONS payments can be forgiven, providing a learning by 40 percent, causing the This bill provides for a reduction of considerable subsidy for affected utili­ number of Jewish employees in the 10.7 million tons of sulfur dioxide in ties. scientific and technical communities two phases. In phase 1, States would ACCELERATED RESEARCH AND MITIGATION to drop. Also, they have stripped many be required to achieve emissions reduc­ PROGRAM visa applicants of their advanced de­ tions equivalent to reducing statewide This bill provides for a package of grees and professional positions. average utility sulfur dioxide-S02- accelerated research, which will in­ Perhaps the most shocking example emissions rates to 2 pounds per million clude: tracer studies to determine pol­ of what the Soviet Union is now en­ Btu's-MM Btu's-of energy produced. lution formation and transportation gaged in is the plight of many of their These reductions would be achieved by nationwide; studies on the effects of "refuseniks." A refusenik is a term January 1, 1989. In phase 2, the state­ acid rain; studies of Western acid rain used to identify one who has tried to wide average emissions rate from all problems; studies of visibility and obtain an exit visa and has been re­ combustion facilities must be equiva­ health-related aspects of acid rain; fused. Many refuseniks have been lent to a 1.2 pound/MM Btu's level. studies on the effectiveness of mitiga­ trying for 10 years or more to obtain The 1.2 level is the standard new boil­ tion; and the identification of new acid exit visas, and have been sentenced to ers must meet. These reductions will rain control technologies. In addition, labor camps or exile as a result. This be achieved by January 1, 1995. Affect­ funds would be allocated for a State­ action is in itself repulsive, but when ed States must develop a reduction grant mitigation program. taken in the context of a new law on strategy through the State implemen­ I believe that this legislation pro­ the Soviet books, it becomes even tation plan process. Those States that vides the framework for the develop­ more menacing. The law, enacted last do not comply will be subject to EPA ment of a national acid rain control year, states that: sanctions. In addition, this bill would program. It provides ample assistance Malicious disobedience . . . or any other prevent an increase of 2 million tons for those States which have far to go opposition to the administration of the exe­ of S02 emissions that would occur if in achieving the targeted reductions. cution of its functions by a prisoner ... can no bill were enacted. Yet, it imposes only minimal costs on 3062 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1984 States in the West and Southwest Air Command. The article speaks for radar screen where a picture of the ground where little pollution is generated, and itself, and I want to share it with my appeared in various shades of orange. On a in the Northeastern States which have colleagues at this point in our proce­ map on his table he pointed to a location. aggressive clean air programs.• dure. The radar screen and the map were identi­ The article follows: cal. The mapped line of flight bisected a town. The plane was on course. MRS. AGNES JACKSON-A COM­ USAF CREW OPERATES GAS STATION IN THE SKY Master Sgt. Tom Mccorkle, a public infor­ PASSIONATE AND DEDICATED mation officer along for the ride, related LEADER better off today because of iced by a healthy and vital U.S. mandated, the Chairman of the Board Silvio Conte's unceasing efforts for the past Export-Import Bank. of the Bank and the other Board 25 years. Mr. Speaker, I am concerned about members are on travel. Indeed, it is I commend Mr. CONTE for his admi­ our trade posture. What is worse, I am not clear to me that the Board of Di­ rable work on behalf of the poor and concerned about the role of the U.S. rectors will even meet during the hungry throughout the world, and I Export-Import Bank. We have a trade month of February. appreciate his support for this impor­ problem, and we have a leadership Worse still, there is no substantive tant resolution establishing a Select problem. indication that the Bank is in any way Committee on Hunger.e This year we could experience the responding effectively to the need of worst trade deficit in the history of developing a small business promo­ our Nation. Some say that this is not tional effort, including the design of a TWO RECEIVE HONOR MEDAL important. Some say that our domes­ simplified application process and a FOR LIFESAVING tic markets are more than large solid public relations effort. enough to compensate for this sudden Mr. Speaker, these are concerns I HON. NORMAN SISISKY deterioration and that in time the share with other Members of Con­ OF VIRGINIA dollar will weaken somewhat overseas. gress, and small and big businesses IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I do not agree. The trade deficit is alike. If they are not adequately ad­ Wednesday, February 22, 1984 going to get much worse than earlier dressed, I predict that the Bank will predicted. It could be as much as $100 demonstrate a dismal record of accom­ e Mr. SISISKY. Mr. Speaker, on Feb­ billion if circumstances are left alone. plishment for this fiscal year. What ruary 10, two men from Virginia's This is a serious situation, and it is se­ concerns me even more is that the Fourth Congressional District received rious because it is costing hundreds of record of recent years and today will the coveted Honor Medal for Lifesav­ thousands of U.S. jobs. This we can­ live on to plague the Bank in the ing from the Boy Scouts of America. not tolerate. future. We are and will be confronted William Arrington, Jr., of Windsor, Our trade balance with Latin Amer­ with challenges, challenges which will Va., and Henry Wilson, of Franklin, ica, for example, deteriorated by $20 involve and require creative leadership Va., are both Boy Scout leaders. Mr. billion between 1981 and 1983-"the in the area of export finance. At Arrington, a member of the committee largest change in our trade balance present there is little indication that for troop 41, chartered to the Windsor with one region in so short a period of the Bank's leadership recognizes the Ruritan Club, is employed by the Nor­ time in our history," according to the seriousness of our present situation. folk Naval Shipyard in Portsmouth, Under Secretary of Commerce for I shall continue to report to you Va. He is an Eagle Scout. Mr. Wilson is International Trade, Lionel Olmer. from time to time on this crucial eco­ a paraprofessional employee of the The largest part of that decline was nomic, political, and social issue.e Old Dominion Council working with lost exports-$17 billion worth, or over Scout units in the Three Rivers Dis­ 400,000 U.S. jobs. This circumstance trict in Franklin, Va. can only in part be attributed to a REPRESENTATIVE CONTE IS Arrington and Wilson received the strong U.S. dollar. More important has PRAISED FOR HIS WORK ON award for attempting to rescue a man been inadequate export financing, and HUNGER ISSUE trapped in his car after it plunged into it is not a question of making risky the James River. loans, but rather it appears to be one HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN Mr. Speaker, these two men will re­ of leadership on the part of our lead­ OF NEW YORK ceive the first Honor Medals to be ing agency involved in export finance. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES awarded in the State of Virginia since There is an emerging picture of inac­ 1974. The medals are also the first to tivity at the Export-Import Bank, and Wednesday, February 22, 1984 be awarded in the United States this I believe it my responsibility to bring e Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I would year. this to the attention of Congress. It in­ like to include at this point in the Both men were with several other volves a wide range of issues and prob­ RECORD comments by Mr. James adult Scout volunteers returning on lems, and I have every intention to Grant, Executive Director of the U.N. the James River ferry on a cold, rainy obtain an adequate explanation for Children Fund. This international or­ October evening when they saw a car them. Among these are: ganization has literally affected the plunge from the loading ramp into the At a time when Congress has man­ lives of millions of children around the river. dated that the Export-Import Bank world. Their work is held in high Arrington and Wilson jumped from function as a fully competitive institu­ regard by many involved in develop­ the moving boat into the river and tion, the Board of Directors of the ment programs. swam 30 yards, despite the current, to Bank is considering raising its fees; Mr. Grant wrote the following state­ the rapidly sinking car. At a time when stimulating U.S. ex­ ment at the United Nations Headquar­ They saw the passenger of the car, ports is crucial, the Board of Directors ters in New York City on February 17, Charlie Wynn of Surry, Va., struggling February 22, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3067 to get out of the vehicle, but the water founding, it is altogether fitting that rampant in Europe, and Forrest was had short-circuited the electric win­ this Congress honor them here concerned with the need, at home and dows and the doors were jammed by today.e abroad, to stop it. He became active in the water pressure. Despite repeated fighting discrimination against minori­ attempts in the few minutes the car MEMORIAL TO A ties in the capital. A strong, active, was partially above water, and after HUMANITARIAN and conscious democracy would be a the vehicle had submerged, they were bulwark against fascism. A few unable to break the windows or force months after his marriage in 1941, he open the doors. The body was recov­ HON. JIM BATES continued his struggle as part of the ered by State police divers several OF CALIFORNIA Army during World War II. Most of hours later. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES his service time was spent in New Cale­ William Arrington, Jr., and Henry Wednesday, February 22, 1984 donia, where his farming skills were Wilson made a valiant attempt to save •Mr. BATES. Mr. Speaker, I would utilized in growing vegetables to feed a life and in doing so exemplified the like to take a moment of my col­ the troops in the Pacific Theater. Scouting tradition of selfless service. league's time to note the passing of a After the war, the Crumpleys settled The Honor Medal for Lifesaving is man who made significant contribu­ in Seattle, Wash., where Forrest made awarded through the action of a na­ tions to the city and residents of San his first contact with the magic of tional review board to those registered Diego. printing. Unemployment brought a members of the 4. 7 million member or­ Dr. Bob Siegal was more than just move to San Francisco, where he start­ ganization, both youth and adult, who active in the business and professional ed his long career in printing, learning demonstrate "unusual heroism in community. He was a forensic dentist to run a press. On the side, there was saving or attempting to save life at the in the county coroner's office where much volunteer work, along with Bay risk of their own." Normally, about 25 he worked on the team identifying vic­ Area Graphic Artists, working up pub­ Honor Medals are granted throughout tims of the PSA airliner crash. He licity to awaken people to the con­ the United States each year. served on the Board of Directors of sciousness of their power to direct the Mr. Speaker, I would like to say that the San Diego Dental Society and in course of events, to redress their griev­ Messrs. Arrington and Wilson dis­ the National Forensic Odontology So­ ances, and to improve their welfare played extraordinary heroism, and are ciety. His professional career was an through organized, united action­ truly deserving of this Honor Medal, example and ideal to those following through labor unions, political parties, the rarest award given by the Boy him. and special interest and community Scouts of America. They not only re­ He served his country as a meteorol­ groups. ceived the Honor Medal, but the re­ ogist in the China-India-Burma cam­ Forrest's lifelong dedication has spect of everyone who learns of their paign in World War II. He was active been to correct the ills created by the deed.e in a number of local, State, and na­ imbalance of our economic system and tional political campaigns. He served to establish a system of equality and in a number of capacities with the San justice for all where each citizen can JUNIOR WOMAN'S CLUB OF THE reach his or her potential. In time, GREATER BRUNSWICK AREA Diego Jewish Community Center. But more than these accomplish­ Forrest set up his own business . and other pending calen­ assistance to Grenada. 9:30 a.m. dar business. SD-192 Appropriations SD-406 Appropriations Commerce, Justice, State, the Judiciary, Labor and Human Resources Foreign Operations Subcommittee and Related Agencies Subcommittee To resume hearings on proposed legisla­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ tion authorizing funds for health pro­ timates for fiscal year 1985 for pro­ timates for fiscal year 1985 for the De­ grams administered by the Public grams administered by the Agency for partment of Commerce, and the Inter­ Health Service, Department of Health International Development. national Trade Commission. and Human Services. S-126, Capitol S-146, Capitol SD-430 Appropriations 2:30 p.m. Veterans' Affairs HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommit­ Finance Business meeting, to mark up proposed tee International Trade Subcommittee legislation authorizing funds for fiscal To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ To hold hearings on proposed legislation year 1985 for the Veterans' Adminis­ timates for fiscal year 1985 for the authorizing funds for fiscal year 1985 tration. Office of Science and Technology for the U.S. International Trade Com­ SR-418 Policy, Selective Service System, and mission, U.S. Customs Service, and the 1:30 p.m. the Consumer Product Safety Com- Office of the U.S. Trade Representa­ Finance mission. tive. To hold hearings to review the Social SD-124 SD-215 Security Advisory Council's recom­ Appropriations mendations on medicare trust solven­ Interior and Related Agencies Subcommit­ MARCH 13 cy. tee 9:00 a.m. SD-215 To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Appropriations 2:00 p.m. timates for fiscal year 1985 for pro­ Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ Appropriations grams of the Indian Health Service, cation, and Related Agencies Subcom- Foreign Operations Subcommittee Department of Health and Human mittee · To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Services, and the National Gallery of To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ timates for fiscal year 1985 for the De­ Art. timates for fiscal year 1985 for the partment of State, focusing on inter­ SD-138 Office of the Secretary of Education, national narcotics control, migration Departmental Management, Salaries and refugee assistance, and antiterror- Appropriations Legislative Branch Subcommittee and Expenses, Office of Civil Rights, ism programs. and Office of Inspector General, all of S-126, Capitol To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ timates for fiscal year 1985 for the the Department of Education. Appropriations SD-116 Energy and Water Development Subcom­ Government Printing Office, General Accounting Office, Library of Con­ Office of Technology Assessment mittee The Board to hold a general business To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ gress, and the Congressional Research Service. meeting. timates for fiscal year 1985 for energy Room to be announced and water development programs. S-128, Capitol SD-192 Energy and Natural Resources 9:30 a.m. Energy Conservation and Supply Subcom­ Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 2:30 p.m. To resume hearings on S. 2181 and S. Appropriations mittee Commerce, Justice, State, the Judiciary, 2134, bills to authorize and define the To hold hearings on H.R. 3169, to facili­ scope of powers for depository institu­ and Related Agencies Subcommittee tate commerce by the domestic renew­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ tions and their holding companies and able energy industry and related serv­ to revise certain Federal bank regula­ timates for fiscal year 1985 for the ice industries. Board for International Broadcasting, SD-366 tions. Securities and Exchange Commission, SD-538 Labor and Human Resources Labor and Human Resources Equal Employment Opportunity Com­ Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Subcommit­ mission, and the Civil Rights Commis­ Aging Subcommittee tee To hold oversight hearings on the imple­ sion. To hold hearings to review the problems S-146, Capitol mentation of the Older Americans Act of children of alcoholics. . Department of the Treasury. To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ 2:00 p.m. SD-124 timates for fiscal year 1985 for the De­ Appropriations Appropriations partments of Labor, Health and Interior and Related Agencies Subcommit­ Interior and Related Agencies Subcommit­ Human Services, Education, and cer­ tee tee tain related agencies. To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ SD-116 timates for fiscal year 1985 for the timates for fiscal year 1985 for the Na­ Labor and Human Resources U.S. Geological Survey, Department of tional Endowment for the Humanities, Business meeting, to consider pending the Interior. and the Economic Regulatory Admin­ calendar business. SD-138 istration, Department of Energy. SD-430 SD-138 10:00 a.m. APRIL 25 Appropriations Appropriations Transportation and Related Agencies Sub­ 9:00 a.m. Energy and Water Development Subcom­ Appropriations mittee committee To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ To hold heaPings on proposed budget es­ Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ timates for fiscal year 1985 for energy timates for fiscal year 1985 for the cation, and Related Agencies Subcom­ and water development programs. Urban Mass Transportation Adminis­ mittee SD-192 tration, Department of Transporta­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Labor and Human Resources tion. timates for fiscal year 1985 for the De­ Family and Human Services Subcommit­ SD-138 partments of Labor, Health and tee Labor and Human Resources Human Services, Education, and cer­ Business meeting, to consider proposed To resume oversight hearings on certain tain related agencies. legislation authorizing funds for low- activities of the Legal Services Corpo- SD-116 3078 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1984 Labor and Human Resources the Public Health Service Act, focus­ Business meeting, to consider pending grams of the Public Health Service ing on title X . APRIL 26 Appropriations SD-430 9:00 a.m. Interior and Related Agencies Subcommit­ tee MAY9 Appropriations 10:00 a.m. Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ timates for fiscal year 1985 for the Na­ Labor and Human Resources cation, and Related Agencies Subcom­ Business meeting, to consider pending mittee tional Park Service, Department of the Interior. calendar business. To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ SD-430 timates for fiscal year 1985 for the De­ SD-138 partments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and cer­ MAY 15 MAY2 tain related agencies. 9:30 a.m. SD-116 10:00 a.m. Labor and Human Resources 10:00 a.m. Appropriations Labor Subcommittee Appropriations Transportation and Related Agencies Sub­ To hold hearings on S. 2329, to improve HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommit­ committee retirement income security under pri­ tee To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ vate multiemployer pension plans and To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ timates for fiscal year 1985 for the De­ to remove unnecessary barriers to em­ timates for fiscal year 1985 for the De­ partment of Transportation and cer­ ployer participation in those plans by partment of Housing and Urban De­ tain related agencies. modifying the rules relating to em­ velopment. SD-138 ployer withdrawal liability, asset sales, SD-124 and funding. Appropriations SD-430 Interior and Related Agencies Subcommit­ MAY3 tee 10:00 a.m. To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Appropriations MAY17 timates for fiscal year 1985 for the Interior and Related Agencies Subcommit­ 9:30 a.m. Smithsonian Institution. tee Labor and Human Resources SD-138 To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ Labor Subcommittee timates for fiscal year 1985 for U.S. To resume hearings on S. 2329, to im­ Labor and Human Resources prove retirement income security Family and Human Services Subcommit­ Territories. tee SD-138 under private multiemployer pension plans and to remove unnecessary bar­ To resume hearings on proposed legisla­ Appropriations Transportation and Related Agencies Sub­ riers to employer participation in tion authorizing funds for programs of those plans by modifying the rules re­ the Public Health Service Act, focus­ committee To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ lating to employer withdrawal liabil­ ing on title XX . timates for fiscal year 1985 for the De­ SD-430 partment of Transportation and cer­ SD-430 tain related agencies. SD-124 MAY22 APRIL 30 Labor and Human Resources 2:00 p.m. 9:30 a.m. Family and Human Services Subcommit­ Labor and Human Resources Appropriations tee Commerce, Justice, State, the Judiciary, To hold oversight hearings on alleged To resume hearings on proposed legisla­ corruption by officials of the Boiler­ and Related Agencies Subcommitt ee tion authorizing funds for programs of To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ maker's Union. the Public Health Service Act, focus­ SD-430 timates for fiscal year 1985 for the ing on Title X (Family Planning). U.S. Supreme Court, and the Arms SD-430 Control and Disarmament Agency. JUNE 13 S-146, Capitol MAY7 10:00 a.m. Labor and Human Resources MAYl 10:00 a.m. Appropriations Business meeting, to consider pending 9:00 a.m. calendar business. HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommit­ Appropriations tee SD-430 Labor, Health and Human Services, Edu­ cation, and Related Agencies Subcom­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ mittee timates for fiscal year 1985 for certain programs of the Department of Hous­ JUNE 19 To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ 9:30 a.m. timates for fiscal year 1985 for the De­ ing and Urban Development and relat­ partments of Labor, Health and ed agencies. Labor and Human Resources Human Services, Education, and cer­ SD-124 To hold oversight hearings on the civil tain related agencies. rights of victims in labor disputes, fo­ SD-116 MAYS cusing on existing agencies ability to 10:00 a.m. protect rank and file employees and 10:00 a.m. Appropriations the general public during labor dis­ putes. Appropriations HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommit­ Transportation and Related Agencies Sub­ tee SD-430 committee To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ To hold hearings on proposed budget es­ timates for fiscal year 1985 for the De­ timates for fiscal year 1985 for certain JUNE 20 partment of Transportation and cer­ programs of the Department of Hous­ 9:30 a.m. tain related agencies. ing and Urban Development and relat­ Labor and Human Resource ed agencies. SD-138 To continue oversight hearings on the SD-124 civil rights of victims in labor disputes, Labor and Human Resources Labor and Human Resources focusing on existing agencies ability to Family and Human Services Subcommit­ Family and Human Services Subcommit­ protect rank and file employees and tee tee the general public during labor dis­ To resume hearings on proposed legisla­ Business meeting, to consider proposed putes. tion authorizing funds for programs of legislation authorizing funds for _pro- SD-430 February 22, 1984 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 3079 CAN CELLATIO NS aids developed by the Department of through 1989 to carry out the provi­ Defense for the guidance of aircraft. sions of the Paperwork Reduction Act FEBRUARY 24 SD-253