DOCSLIB.ORG

Of the American Falls at Niagara 1I I Preservation and Enhancement of the American Falls at Niagara

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Of the American Falls at Niagara 1I I Preservation and Enhancement of the American Falls at Niagara of the American Falls at Niagara 1I I Preservation and Enhancement of the American Falls at Niagara Property of t';e Internztio~al J5it-t; Cr?rn:n es-un DO NOT' RECda'dg Appendix G - Environmental Considerations Final Report to the International Joint Commission by the American Falls International Board June -1974 PRESERVATION AND ENHANCEMENT OF AMERICAN FALLS APPENDIX. G .ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraph Page CHAPTER G 1 .INTRODUCTION G1 CHAPTER G2 .ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING . NIAGARA RESERVATION AND SURROUNDING REGION GENERAL DESCRIPTION ............................................................... PHYSICAL ELEMENTS ..................................................................... GENERAL .................................................................................... STRATIGRAPHY ......................................................................... SOILS ............................................................................................ WATER QUALITY ........................................................................ CLIMATE INVENTORY ................................................................... CLIMATE ....................................................................................... AIR QUALITY .............................................................................. BIOLOGICAL ELEMENTS ................................................................ TERRESTRIAL VEGETATION ..................................................... TERRESTRIAL WILDLIFE .......................................................... AQUATIC FLORA ........................................................................ AQUATIC FAUNA ......................................................................... ECOLOGICAL ELEMENTS .............................................................. AQUATIC ECOLOGY ....................................................................... LAND USE ....................................................................................... NIAGARA REGION ..................................................................... NIAGARA RESERVATION ......................................................... ECONOMICS ,.................................................................................... NIAGARA REGION ...................................................................... NIAGARA RESERVATION .......................................................... CULTURAL ...................................................................................... HISTORY OF NIAGARA REGION ............................................... HISTORY OF NIAGARA RESERVATION ................................... ARCHAEOLOGIC AND HISTORIC SITES ................................... POPULATION .................................................................................... RECREATION ................................................................................... NIAGARA REGION ...................................................................... NIAGARA FALLS VICINITY ....................................................... 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT'D) Paragraph Page CHAPTER G3 - ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING - SPECIFIC AREAS ON THE FLANKS OF THE AMERICAN FALLS AND THE GOAT ISLAND FLANK OF THE HORSESHOE FALLS GENERAL DESCRIPTION ................................................................ PHYSICAL ELEMENTS ..................................................................... GENERAL .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. SOILS .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. EFFECTS OF ICE .......................................................................... HYDROLOGY - WATER QUALITY ............................................ BIOLOGICAL ELEMENTS ............................................................... TERRESTRIAL VEGETATION .................................................... TERRESTRIAL WILDLIFE .......................................................... AQUATIC FLORA AND FAUNA ................................................. ECOLOGICAL ELEMENTS ............................................................... TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. AQUATIC ECOLOGY .................................................................... ECONOMICS ...... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. CULTURAL .. RECREATION - LAND USE ............................................................ SOUND LEVELS AT THE FLANK AREAS ...................................... I CHAPTER G4 - POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF SAFETY CHOICES G4.1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................. G34 I G4.2 SUMMARY OF THE NINE SAFETY CHOICES ............................... G34 G4.3 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT MATRIX .................................. G36 BIBLIOGRAPHY FIGURES Number G1 THE THREE FLANK AREAS OF THE NIAGARA RESERVATION G2 GENERAL SOIL MAP G3 MAJOR MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL DISCHARGES DIRECTLY INTO THE NIAGARA RIVER FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION HOURLY AVERAGE WIND SPEED AND DIRECTION MAP SHOWING VEGETATIVE COVER OF.THE NIAGARA RESERVATION NIAGARA REGION GENERALIZED EXISTING LAND USE NIAGARA REGION FUTURE LAND USE EXISTING LAND USE OF NIAGARA RESERVATION ARCHAEOLOGICAL/HISTORIC SITES NIAGARA RESERVATION SOUND LEVEL CONTOURS AT TERRAPIN POINT SOUND LEVEL CONTOURS AT PROSPECT POINT SOUND LEVEL CONTOURS AT GOAT ISLAND FLANK TABLES Number Subject GI FOSSILS OF THE STRATIFIED ROCK FORMATIONS WHICH OUTCROP AT THE NIAGARA FALLS USE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL ASSOCIATIONS IN NIAGARA COUNTY MAJOR INDUSTRIAL DISCHARGES TO THE NIAGARA RIVER MAJOR MUNICIPAL DISCHARGES TO THE NIAGARA RIVER WATER QUALITY DATA FOR THE NIAGARA RIVER AT THE UNION CARBIDE RAW WATER INTAKE FOR THE PERIOD OCTOBER 1,1969, TO SEPTEMBER 30,1972 SUMMARY OF DATA FROM THE SOURCE AND MOUTH OF THE NIAGARA RIVER AVERAGE GROWING SEASON IN THE NIAGARA FALLS REGION LOCATION OF METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS IN THE NIAGARA FALLS REGION TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION RECORDS FOR STATIONS IN THE NIAGARA FALLS REGION (U.S.) FOR THE YEARS 1941 - 197 1 TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION RECORDS FOR STATIONS IN THE NIAGARA FALLS REGION (CANADA) FOR THE YEARS 1941 - 197 1 WIND DATA FOR NIAGARA FALLS REGION PREVAILING WIND DIRECTION AND SPEED LOCAL CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA IN THE NIAGARA FALLS REGION NIAGARA FALLS AIR QUALITY DATA FLORA OF THE NIAGARA REGION MANAGED SPECIES OF THE NIAGARA RESERVATION UNIQUE NATURAL SPECIES OF THE NIAGARA RESERVATION WATER AND SHORE BIRDS OF THE NIAGARA REGION LAND BIRDS OF THE NIAGARA REGION MAMMALS OF THE NIAGARA REGION REPTILES OF THE NIAGARA REGION AMPHIBIANS OF THE NIAGARA REGION ALGAE OF THE NIAGARA RIVER IN THE NIAGARA RESERVATION AQUATIC MACROPHYTES OF THE NIAGARA RIVER BENTHIC FAUNA OF THE NIAGARA RIVER IN THE NIAGARA RESERVATION FISHES OF THE NIAGARA RIVER TABULATION OF LAND USES INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES OF NIAGARA REGION TOURISM ECONOMICS RETAIL SALES LEVELS TOURIST VISITATION PATTERNS TOURISM SURVEY SUMMER OF 1970 ANNUAL ATTENDANCE AND REVENUES - AMERICAN FALLS NIAGARA FRONTIER STATE PARK AND RECREATION COMMISSION ATTENDANCE AND REVENUES PER PARK FACILITY - COMPARISON TABLES (CONT'D) Number Subject G34 NIAGARA RESERVATION TOURIST VISITATION SUMMARY G35 POPULATION PROJECTIONS FOR NIAGARA FALLS CITY G36 VEGETATION FOUND ON PROSPECT POINT FLANK G37 VEGETATION FOUND ON GOAT ISLAND FLANK OF AMERICAN FALLS G38 VEGETATION FOUND ON TERRAPIN POINT FLANK G39 SPECIES OF INTEREST G40 WILDLIFE AT TERRAPIN POINT, PROSPECT POINT AND THE GOAT ISLAND FLANK OF THE AMERICAN FALLS AQUATIC FLORA AND FAUNA AT THE AMERICAN FALLS ANNUAL TOURIST VISITATION TO FLANK AREAS UPPER AND LOWER VIEWING AREAS COMMON NOISE LEVELS SOUND LEVELS AT HORSESHOE FALLS AND THE AMERICAN FALLS SUMMARY OF ALTERNATIVES CHAPTER G1 INTRODUCTION This Appendix provides an assessment of the environmental community of the Niagara Falls area, with emphasis on its continuing process of change. This community contains physical, biological, and social elements, each of which undergoes change from pressures exerted by both natural and man-made forces. Specifically, this Appendix defines the structure of the existing environmental community, its interrelationships, and the possible impacts on it may result from the implementation of some of the safety choices considered in this study. These safety choices are discussed in detail in Appendix E, Safety and Appearance Options. The Corps of Engineers, Buffalo District, awarded a contract for an assessment of the environment at Niagara Falls. The information in this Appendix is based largely on the report, Environmental Inventory and Assessment of the Options Considered by the American Falls International Board for Improved Safety at the American Falls, submitted to the Buffalo District by Michael Baker, Jr., Inc., in June 1974. Chapter G2 and G3 describe the existing environmental setting, which has been divided geographically into two areas. Chapter G2 discusses the Niagara Reservation and the surrounding Niagara Region. The Niagara Region has been arbitrarily defined as Niagara County, which is located on the United States side of the Niagara River. The land area of the Niagara Reservation borders the northern and southern flanks of the American Falls and the northern flank of the Horseshoe Falls and is under the jurisdiction of the Niagara Frontier State Park and Recreation Commission. Chapter G3 discusses the sites for possible safety improvement. The sites include the Prospect Point and Goat Island flanks of the American Falls and the Terrapin Point flank of the Horseshoe Falls. These flank
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 2013 Buffalo Rocket Issue 26 Page 
    Working to protect and restore our region’s most important natural resource – water. 2YHUWKHODVWÀ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·VKLVWRU\ZHZHOFRPH\RXUSDUWLFLSDWLRQDQGVXSSRUW 3OHDVHYLVLWRXUZHEVLWHDWZZZEQULYHUNHHSHURUJRUFDOO5,9(5WROHDUQKRZ\RXFDQEHFRPHLQYROYHG DQGLQIRUPHG www.buffalorocket.com Buffalo Rocket COMMUNITY NEWS Distributing to North Buffalo, West Side and Riverside • Established in 1969 Publishers of North Buffalo Rocket, West Side Times & Riverside Times Vol. XLIV ISSUE No. 26 • Thursday, June 27, 2013 Family Fishing Day At Broderick Park Fireworks Buffalo United Front in ing days in New York state. partnership with Buffalo Ni- As part of Governor Cuomo’s Schedule For The 4th Of July agara Riverkeeper is spon- NY’s Open for Hunting and soring Family Fishing Day Fishing initiative, New York on Saturday June 29th and residents
    [Show full text]
  • Ontario, Canada
    ONTARIO, CANADA Featuring Niagara Falls July 19 - 30, 2019 Everyone knows Ontario for the Canadian side of Niagara Falls, but did you know that around 40% of Canada’s population lives in Ontario. Did you also know that Ontario is larger than France and Spain combined and it has over 250,000 lakes, which contains a fifth of the planet’s fresh water! Join us as we explore this amazing Canadian province and all it has to offer. Niagara Falls at Dusk DAY 1: Marshall, MN to Davenport, IA Relax and enjoy the scenery aboard your luxury motor coach as you make your way to Davenport, IA today. BW Plus Steeplegate Inn DAY 2: Davenport, IA to Windsor, Ontario Today will be a travel day as you journey to Ontario. Enjoy the stunning scenery of Ilinois, Indiana, and Michigan before crossing the border into Canada. Holiday Inn Express * Breakfast Included DAY 3: Windsor, Ontario to Niagara Falls, Ontario As you continue on to Niagara Falls, Ontario today, you’ll stop in Hamilton for a guided tour of the Dundurn Castle and Gardens. Your costumed guide will take you through the 40-room Italian-style villa that was built in the 1830’s by Sir Allan Napier MacNab, a railway magnate, lawyer and Premier of the United Canadas. You’ll hear stories about the family that lived there and the people who worked there to support their affluent lifestyle. At dusk, you’ll view Niagara Falls as it is transformed into an incredible, multi-colored water and light masterpiece. Comfort Inn Fallsview * Breakfast & Dinner Included DAY 4: Niagara Falls, Ontario to Toronto, Ontario Your day begins with a Niagara Falls guided tour.
    [Show full text]
  • S T a T E O F N E W Y O R K 3695--A 2009-2010
    S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K ________________________________________________________________________ 3695--A 2009-2010 Regular Sessions I N A S S E M B L Y January 28, 2009 ___________ Introduced by M. of A. ENGLEBRIGHT -- Multi-Sponsored by -- M. of A. KOON, McENENY -- read once and referred to the Committee on Tourism, Arts and Sports Development -- recommitted to the Committee on Tour- ism, Arts and Sports Development in accordance with Assembly Rule 3, sec. 2 -- committee discharged, bill amended, ordered reprinted as amended and recommitted to said committee AN ACT to amend the parks, recreation and historic preservation law, in relation to the protection and management of the state park system THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM- BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS: 1 Section 1. Legislative findings and purpose. The legislature finds the 2 New York state parks, and natural and cultural lands under state manage- 3 ment which began with the Niagara Reservation in 1885 embrace unique, 4 superlative and significant resources. They constitute a major source of 5 pride, inspiration and enjoyment of the people of the state, and have 6 gained international recognition and acclaim. 7 Establishment of the State Council of Parks by the legislature in 1924 8 was an act that created the first unified state parks system in the 9 country. By this act and other means the legislature and the people of 10 the state have repeatedly expressed their desire that the natural and 11 cultural state park resources of the state be accorded the highest 12 degree of protection.
    [Show full text]
  • Summer Reading Program
    OUR MISSION SUMMER READING PROGRAM Recent Improvements To strengthen our community through lifelong learning with access to varied collections, • Archives catalog online for Summer Reading Program 2019 programs, and assistance with digital literacy. researchers to browse, Jan. 2019 Each year the Niagara Falls Public Library participates in New York State Summer (https://nflh.libraryhost.com/ ) Reading Program. For 2019, the theme was A Universe of Stories and the Niagara Falls he theme of NFPL services is a vision to build a stronger • In partnership with the Niagara Falls Heritage Area, Public Library had 130 children participate in our “Read and Bead” challenge. Upon community. We are looking forward, planning the directive registering, participants received a chain; time spent reading earned whimsically shaped beads to add to the chain. Tof library services. comprehensive, multi phase inventory of Local History In a January 2020 nationwide Gallup poll, Americans visited their In addition, through generous support from the Friends of the Library and Nioga Library System, we hosted a collection, Phase 1 - May local libraries more frequently than attending the movie theater. On 2019, Phase 2 began in June 2020 family entertainment series that included Dave and Kathleen Jeffers “Make Space for Reading” Show, Checkers average, U.S. adults took 10.5 trips to a local library in 2019, twice the Inventor’s “Back to the Moon Show” and a weekly family film series on Friday afternoons. We offered weekly as many times as going to a movie, theatrical event, or visiting a • Continued Digitization of local history items national/historic park. With this increase in usage, coupled with a through RBD grants and Senator Ortt Bullet Aid story hours for preschoolers and summer fun clubs with space-related STEAM themes for grade school children; need for electronic services, the NFPL is looking towards the future, monies.
    [Show full text]
  • Indiana Glaciers.PM6
    How the Ice Age Shaped Indiana Jerry Wilson Published by Wilstar Media, www.wilstar.com Indianapolis, Indiana 1 Previiously published as The Topography of Indiana: Ice Age Legacy, © 1988 by Jerry Wilson. Second Edition Copyright © 2008 by Jerry Wilson ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2 For Aaron and Shana and In Memory of Donna 3 Introduction During the time that I have been a science teacher I have tried to enlist in my students the desire to understand and the ability to reason. Logical reasoning is the surest way to overcome the unknown. The best aid to reasoning effectively is having the knowledge and an understanding of the things that have previ- ously been determined or discovered by others. Having an understanding of the reasons things are the way they are and how they got that way can help an individual to utilize his or her resources more effectively. I want my students to realize that changes that have taken place on the earth in the past have had an effect on them. Why are some towns in Indiana subject to flooding, whereas others are not? Why are cemeteries built on old beach fronts in Northwest Indiana? Why would it be easier to dig a basement in Valparaiso than in Bloomington? These things are a direct result of the glaciers that advanced southward over Indiana during the last Ice Age. The history of the land upon which we live is fascinating. Why are there large granite boulders nested in some of the fields of northern Indiana since Indiana has no granite bedrock? They are known as glacial erratics, or dropstones, and were formed in Canada or the upper Midwest hundreds of millions of years ago.
    [Show full text]
  • Trails in the Niagara River Greenway
    Lower River Upper River The Headwaters LAKE ONTARIO 4 1 2 5 93 3 y. Pk es s PORTER Mo ert b Ro 6 7 Buffalo Ave. 7 8 1 WHEATFIELD 9 18 3 4 5 Ri NIAGARA RIVER ver Rd. LEWISTON 2 8 104 17 CITY OF NORTH 22 VILLAGE OF 190 14 LEWISTON TONAWANDA THE LANDSCAPE 1 12 15 15 16 14 16 TUSCARORA 13 CANADA 18 Parks INDIAN RESERVARION 12 17 E. Robinson KENMORE 17 21 2 GRAND ISLAND 23-26 Aqua Lane Park . 1 13 CANADA Whitehaven Rd. 27/28 34 Black Rock Canal Park. 3 11 . 30-33 20 19 Broderick Park . 3 22 er Rd40 Buffalo River Fest Park . 68 31 23 Riv 4 17 21 38 CITY OF 5 198 16 20 H Cazenovia Park* . 92 10 13 yde 37 TONAWANDA 36 290 Delaware Park* . 13 8 11,12 P 9 190 Lockport Rd. 35 265 Forest 15 27 ar Erie Basin Marina & Gardents . 65 25 k 31 26 30 Front Park* . 25 190 NIAGARA d. Baseline Rd. West Ferry East Ferry R Gallagher Beach . .. 90 28 29 WHEATFIELD r TONAWANDA 20 33 e CITY OF 34 Rd. Ward Sheridan Dr. LaSalle Park . 33 CANADA 21 e. Riv t. BUFFALO 67 Av NIAGARA FALLS 66 S . e Niaga Martin Luther King Jr. Park*. 30 r ra Falls B 22 26 30 35 36 lvd. 68 Rd wa 190 2 23 a Main y Riverside Park* . 62 25 l 31 37 38/39 Ni 27 ar 24 ag De it l South Park* . 93 41 40-54 i 33 63 65 41 KENMORE ara M 33 56 57 58-60 64 Squaw Island Park.
    [Show full text]
  • Enviro-News May, 2015
    Enviro-News May, 2015 Sponsored by Daemen College’s Center for Sustainable Communities and Civic Engagement and Global & Local Sustainability Program Newsletter Contents: Articles- including events, courses, local news, grants, positions Upcoming Activities Tips to Help the Environment; Lesley Haynes’ column Volunteer opportunities, recycling, CSAs and farms, organization links Articles: Idea Summit Hosted by One Region Forward Celebrate how citizens are creating sustainable change across our region. Participants in the Citizen Planning School offered by One Region Forward will present their ideas on Saturday, May 2 from 10am to noon at Sugar City (1239 Niagara St., Buffalo). Register One idea is the East Parade Circle Beautification Pilot Project which supports future community investment through environmentally sustainable community-based beautification efforts. These efforts aim to improve the built environment while creating socially and culturally relevant places that improve the perception of place on Buffalo’s East Side. Through investment in the built environment and in the people who live, work and play in there, we can attract private investments to turn the tide of economic decline in the neighborhood. A video of this project is viewable at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=quwSpmsIQFc May Clothing Drive Clean out your closets and drop off your used textiles at sites around Western New York on May 2. Materials do not have to be in usable condition and will be recycled or reused. Sites will accept clothing, shoes, bedding and pillows, towels, curtains, throw-rugs, purses, belts, backpacks, stuffed animals and dolls. For a complete list of sites, see EARTH DAY in May 2015.pdf.
    [Show full text]
  • NFT Guide 2008 24Pgs.Indd
    ATTRACTIONS IN NIAGARA Attractions Reminder: Dial 905 + phone number Attractions Reminder: Dial 905 + phone number Attraction Codes: Attraction Codes: FS - Food Service G - Golf GS - Gift Shop LDR - Licensed Dining Room MA - Marine MU - Museum FS - Food Service G - Golf GS - Gift Shop LDR - Licensed Dining Room MA - Marine MU - Museum SP - Special Photo SS - Special Shop T - Tower VF - Variety Family WCA - Wheel Chair Accessible SP - Special Photo SS - Special Shop T - Tower VF - Variety Family WCA - Wheel Chair Accessible WM - Wax Museum Y - Year Round WM - Wax Museum Y - Year Round African Lion Safari, RR #1, 1386 Cooper Road, Cambridge, ON N1R 5S2 1-800-461-9453 Lundy’s Lane Historical Museum, 5810 Ferry Street, Niagara Falls, ON L2G 1S9 (905) 358-5082 This drive through wildlife park is home to 1,000 exotic birds and animals that roam freely in large Game Reserves. FS, GS, This handsome cut stone building is located on the site of the battle of Lundy’s Lane - July 25, 1814. GS, MU, Y Enjoy live animal shows, nature tours, elephant swim and Misumu Bay Wet Play. Open daily May to October. LDR, SP, WCA Mackenzie Heritage Printery & Newspaper Museum, 1 Queenston Street, Queenston, ON (905) 262-5676 Bird Kingdom at the Niagara Falls Aviary, 5651 River Road, Niagara Falls, ON L2E 7M7 (905) 356-8888 Hear the clank of the presses and smell the printer’s ink while exploring the home of 1-877-NIA-PARK 3 time winner of Niagara Falls “Attraction of the Year” award, Bird Kingdom is home to over 400 free-flying 1-866-994-0090 political reformer and publisher William Lyon MacKenzie.
    [Show full text]
  • Doing Niagara Falls If You're Stuck on the American Side
    Meiqianbao/ Shutterstock Doing Niagara Falls If You're Stuck on the American Side By Jason Cochran The legendary Niagara Falls, one of the greatest natural attractions in North America, straddles the border between Ontario, Canada, and New York State. In an ideal tourism situation, you'd be able to drive or stroll across the Rainbow International Bridge to enjoy the view from both banks of the Niagara River. But sometimes you just can't get over the border. Maybe you don't have enough time. Maybe your legal status won't allow it. Or maybe you happen to be living through a once-in-a-lifetime global pandemic that has sealed national borders. It's all good! If you're restricted to the U.S. side, you won't find yourself over a barrel. There's plenty to do. In fact, some of the best activities in the Niagara Falls area are on the American side. Pictured above: Terrapin Point, at right, juts into the eastern side of the Falls from Niagara Falls State Park in New York State. Niagara Falls State Park Niagara Falls State Park If we're being honest, the Canadian side has richer options for quality lodging and tourist amenities, although the stuff on that riverbank tends toward cheesy honky-tonk. New York's territory beside the Falls, on the other hand, has been preserved from development since the 1880s. In fact, the area is now the oldest state park in the United States. The more-than-400-acre Niagara Falls State Park, which is separated from the core of town by a breakaway river, is speckled with whitewater-spanning bridges, river islands, curving walkways, and native animals.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendices Section
    APPENDIX 1. A Selection of Biodiversity Conservation Agencies & Programs A variety of state agencies and programs, in addition to the NY Natural Heritage Program, partner with OPRHP on biodiversity conservation and planning. This appendix also describes a variety of statewide and regional biodiversity conservation efforts that complement OPRHP’s work. NYS BIODIVERSITY RESEARCH INSTITUTE The New York State Biodiversity Research Institute is a state-chartered organization based in the New York State Museum who promotes the understanding and conservation of New York’s biological diversity. They administer a broad range of research, education, and information transfer programs, and oversee a competitive grants program for projects that further biodiversity stewardship and research. In 1996, the Biodiversity Research Institute approved funding for the Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation to undertake an ambitious inventory of its lands for rare species, rare natural communities, and the state’s best examples of common communities. The majority of inventory in state parks occurred over a five-year period, beginning in 1998 and concluding in the spring of 2003. Funding was also approved for a sixth year, which included all newly acquired state parks and several state parks that required additional attention beyond the initial inventory. Telephone: (518) 486-4845 Website: www.nysm.nysed.gov/bri/ NYS DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION The Department of Environmental Conservation’s (DEC) biodiversity conservation efforts are handled by a variety of offices with the department. Of particular note for this project are the NY Natural Heritage Program, Endangered Species Unit, and Nongame Unit (all of which are in the Division of Fish, Wildlife, & Marine Resources), and the Division of Lands & Forests.
    [Show full text]
  • Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters Volume
    MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, ARTS AND PAPERS OF THE MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF LETTERS SCIENCE ARTS AND LETTERS EDITORS VOLUME XII EUGENE S. MCCARTNEY UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN CONTAINING PAPERS SUBMITTED AT THE ANNUAL MEETING IN 1929 PETER OKKELBERG UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN (The papers in Botany and Zoölogy of the 1929 meeting appear in Volume XI.) UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN he annual volume of Papers of the Michigan 1930 T Academy of Science, Arts and Letters is issued All rights reserved under the joint direction of the Council of the Academy and of the Executive Board of the Graduate School of Copyright, 1930, BY GRADUATE SCHOOL, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN the University of Michigan. The editor for the Academy EDITOR, EUGENE S. MCCARTNEY is Peter Okkelberg; for the University, Eugene S. Set up and printed, McCartney. February, 1930 Published, March, 1930 Previous publications of The Michigan Academy of PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Science now known as The Michigan Academy of BY THE PLIMPTON PRESS · NORWOOD · MASS. Science, Arts and Letters, were issued under the title, Annual Report of the Michigan Academy of Science. Twenty-two volumes were published, of which those OFFICERS FOR 1929 numbered 1, 21 and 22 are out of print. Copies of the other volumes are still available for distribution and will President be sent on exchange so long as the editions last. W. H. WORREL Applications for copies should be addressed to the University of Michigan Librarian of the University of Michigan. Vice-President L. A. KENOYER Annual Reports embracing the proceedings of the Western State Normal College Academy will however, continue to be published.
    [Show full text]
  • Waterfalls: Forms, Distribution, Processes and Rates of Recession
    QUAESTIONES GEOGRAPHICAE 39(1) • 2020 WATERFALLS: FORMS, DISTRIBUTION, PROCESSES AND RATES OF RECESSION ANDREW S. GOUDIE School of Geography, Centre for the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom Manuscript received: December 15, 2019 Revised version: February 2, 2020 GOUDIE A. S., 2020. Waterfalls: forms, distribution, processes and rates of recession. Quaestiones Geographicae 39(1), Bo- gucki Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Poznań, pp. 59–77. 8 figs, 3 tables. ABSTRACT: A waterfall is a very steep (commonly nearly vertical) fall of some magnitude in a river course. Waterfalls are widespread fluvial landforms that have been described from many parts of the world. Thirty-eight World Heritage Properties include waterfalls in their designation. In addition, some waterfalls are actual or potential geomorphosites. Waterfalls occur in almost all climatic environments, though they are particularly common in formerly glaciated areas. They occur on a huge diversity of rock types, although in general, they do not form persistent or large falls on soft or unconsolidated rocks. Waterfalls also occur in a wide range of geomorphological settings: glaciated areas, areas of ac- tive tectonism, areas of sea-cliff retreat and sea-level change, great escarpments on passive margins, basins with river capture, rifted and faulted areas and areas that have been subjected to megaflooding. Multiple processes account for waterfall retreat and varying rates of recession. Although the greatest interest has been in rates of waterfall recession, there are examples of waterfalls that prograde as a result of tufa deposition. KEY WORDS: waterfalls, caprock, knickpoints, plunge pools, tufa Corresponding author: Andrew Goudie, [email protected] Introduction distribution and rates of retreat.
    [Show full text]