The Bulletin Volume 94, Issue 6
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Making a Sky Atlas
Appendix A Making a Sky Atlas Although a number of very advanced sky atlases are now available in print, none is likely to be ideal for any given task. Published atlases will probably have too few or too many guide stars, too few or too many deep-sky objects plotted in them, wrong- size charts, etc. I found that with MegaStar I could design and make, specifically for my survey, a “just right” personalized atlas. My atlas consists of 108 charts, each about twenty square degrees in size, with guide stars down to magnitude 8.9. I used only the northernmost 78 charts, since I observed the sky only down to –35°. On the charts I plotted only the objects I wanted to observe. In addition I made enlargements of small, overcrowded areas (“quad charts”) as well as separate large-scale charts for the Virgo Galaxy Cluster, the latter with guide stars down to magnitude 11.4. I put the charts in plastic sheet protectors in a three-ring binder, taking them out and plac- ing them on my telescope mount’s clipboard as needed. To find an object I would use the 35 mm finder (except in the Virgo Cluster, where I used the 60 mm as the finder) to point the ensemble of telescopes at the indicated spot among the guide stars. If the object was not seen in the 35 mm, as it usually was not, I would then look in the larger telescopes. If the object was not immediately visible even in the primary telescope – a not uncommon occur- rence due to inexact initial pointing – I would then scan around for it. -
Ngc Catalogue Ngc Catalogue
NGC CATALOGUE NGC CATALOGUE 1 NGC CATALOGUE Object # Common Name Type Constellation Magnitude RA Dec NGC 1 - Galaxy Pegasus 12.9 00:07:16 27:42:32 NGC 2 - Galaxy Pegasus 14.2 00:07:17 27:40:43 NGC 3 - Galaxy Pisces 13.3 00:07:17 08:18:05 NGC 4 - Galaxy Pisces 15.8 00:07:24 08:22:26 NGC 5 - Galaxy Andromeda 13.3 00:07:49 35:21:46 NGC 6 NGC 20 Galaxy Andromeda 13.1 00:09:33 33:18:32 NGC 7 - Galaxy Sculptor 13.9 00:08:21 -29:54:59 NGC 8 - Double Star Pegasus - 00:08:45 23:50:19 NGC 9 - Galaxy Pegasus 13.5 00:08:54 23:49:04 NGC 10 - Galaxy Sculptor 12.5 00:08:34 -33:51:28 NGC 11 - Galaxy Andromeda 13.7 00:08:42 37:26:53 NGC 12 - Galaxy Pisces 13.1 00:08:45 04:36:44 NGC 13 - Galaxy Andromeda 13.2 00:08:48 33:25:59 NGC 14 - Galaxy Pegasus 12.1 00:08:46 15:48:57 NGC 15 - Galaxy Pegasus 13.8 00:09:02 21:37:30 NGC 16 - Galaxy Pegasus 12.0 00:09:04 27:43:48 NGC 17 NGC 34 Galaxy Cetus 14.4 00:11:07 -12:06:28 NGC 18 - Double Star Pegasus - 00:09:23 27:43:56 NGC 19 - Galaxy Andromeda 13.3 00:10:41 32:58:58 NGC 20 See NGC 6 Galaxy Andromeda 13.1 00:09:33 33:18:32 NGC 21 NGC 29 Galaxy Andromeda 12.7 00:10:47 33:21:07 NGC 22 - Galaxy Pegasus 13.6 00:09:48 27:49:58 NGC 23 - Galaxy Pegasus 12.0 00:09:53 25:55:26 NGC 24 - Galaxy Sculptor 11.6 00:09:56 -24:57:52 NGC 25 - Galaxy Phoenix 13.0 00:09:59 -57:01:13 NGC 26 - Galaxy Pegasus 12.9 00:10:26 25:49:56 NGC 27 - Galaxy Andromeda 13.5 00:10:33 28:59:49 NGC 28 - Galaxy Phoenix 13.8 00:10:25 -56:59:20 NGC 29 See NGC 21 Galaxy Andromeda 12.7 00:10:47 33:21:07 NGC 30 - Double Star Pegasus - 00:10:51 21:58:39 -
CO Observations Towards a Sample of Nearby Galaxies
RAA 2015 Vol. 15 No. 6, 785–801 doi: 10.1088/1674–4527/15/6/002 Research in http://www.raa-journal.org http://www.iop.org/journals/raa Astronomy and Astrophysics CO observations towards a sample of nearby galaxies Fa-Cheng Li1,2, Yuan-Wei Wu1 and Ye Xu1 1 Purple Mountain Observatory, & Key Laboratory for Radio Astronomy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; [email protected] 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Received 2013 November 26; accepted 2014 November 13 Abstract We have simultaneously observed 12CO, 13CO and C18O (J = 1 − 0) rotational transitions in the centers of a sample of 58 nearby spiral galaxies using the 13.7-m millimeter-wave telescope administered by Purple Mountain Observatory. Forty-two galaxies were detected in 13CO emission, but there was a null detection for C18O emission with a σ upper limit of 2 mK. The central beam ratios, R, of 12CO and 13CO range mostly from 5 to 13, with an average value of 8.1±4.2, which is slightly lower than previous estimates for normal galaxies. Clear correlations are found between 12CO and 13CO luminosities. An average X factor of 1.44 ± 0.84 × 1020 cm−2 (K km s−1)−1 is slightly lower than that in the Milky Way. Key words: galaxies: ISM — molecules: galaxies — millimeter lines: ISM — star formation: ISM 1 INTRODUCTION Molecular hydrogen, H2, constitutes a dominant part of molecular clouds in the interstellar medium in galaxies and is most closely related to star formation. The current method of studying molecular clouds in external galaxies involves the observation of rotational transitions of carbon monoxide, CO. -
Molecular Gas in Virgo Cluster Spiral Galaxies
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 1-1-1987 Molecular gas in Virgo Cluster spiral galaxies. Jeffrey D. Kenney University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1 Recommended Citation Kenney, Jeffrey D., "Molecular gas in Virgo Cluster spiral galaxies." (1987). Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014. 1756. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1/1756 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MOLECULAR GAS IN VIRGO CLUSTER SPIRAL GALAXIES A Dissertation Presented by Jeffrey D. Kenney Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 1987 Department of Physics and Astronomy Copyright ® 1987 by Jeffrey D. Kenney All rights reserved ii Molecular Gas in Virgo Cluster Spiral Galaxies A. Dissertation Presented by Jeffrey D. Kenney Approved as to style and content by; Ji^dith S. Young, Ciiairpe^son William A. Dent, Member . Peter Schloerb, Member Stevan7^ E. Strom, Member Robert V. Krotkov, Outside Member Martha P. Hay ne^, Outs ide Member Robert Hal lock, Department Head Department of Physics and Astronomy 111 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -
A Classical Morphological Analysis of Galaxies in the Spitzer Survey Of
Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series A Preprint typeset using LTEX style emulateapj v. 03/07/07 A CLASSICAL MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF GALAXIES IN THE SPITZER SURVEY OF STELLAR STRUCTURE IN GALAXIES (S4G) Ronald J. Buta1, Kartik Sheth2, E. Athanassoula3, A. Bosma3, Johan H. Knapen4,5, Eija Laurikainen6,7, Heikki Salo6, Debra Elmegreen8, Luis C. Ho9,10,11, Dennis Zaritsky12, Helene Courtois13,14, Joannah L. Hinz12, Juan-Carlos Munoz-Mateos˜ 2,15, Taehyun Kim2,15,16, Michael W. Regan17, Dimitri A. Gadotti15, Armando Gil de Paz18, Jarkko Laine6, Kar´ın Menendez-Delmestre´ 19, Sebastien´ Comeron´ 6,7, Santiago Erroz Ferrer4,5, Mark Seibert20, Trisha Mizusawa2,21, Benne Holwerda22, Barry F. Madore20 Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series ABSTRACT The Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S4G) is the largest available database of deep, homogeneous middle-infrared (mid-IR) images of galaxies of all types. The survey, which includes 2352 nearby galaxies, reveals galaxy morphology only minimally affected by interstellar extinction. This paper presents an atlas and classifications of S4G galaxies in the Comprehensive de Vaucouleurs revised Hubble-Sandage (CVRHS) system. The CVRHS system follows the precepts of classical de Vaucouleurs (1959) morphology, modified to include recognition of other features such as inner, outer, and nuclear lenses, nuclear rings, bars, and disks, spheroidal galaxies, X patterns and box/peanut structures, OLR subclass outer rings and pseudorings, bar ansae and barlenses, parallel sequence late-types, thick disks, and embedded disks in 3D early-type systems. We show that our CVRHS classifications are internally consistent, and that nearly half of the S4G sample consists of extreme late-type systems (mostly bulgeless, pure disk galaxies) in the range Scd-Im. -
DSO List V2 Current
7000 DSO List (sorted by name) 7000 DSO List (sorted by name) - from SAC 7.7 database NAME OTHER TYPE CON MAG S.B. SIZE RA DEC U2K Class ns bs Dist SAC NOTES M 1 NGC 1952 SN Rem TAU 8.4 11 8' 05 34.5 +22 01 135 6.3k Crab Nebula; filaments;pulsar 16m;3C144 M 2 NGC 7089 Glob CL AQR 6.5 11 11.7' 21 33.5 -00 49 255 II 36k Lord Rosse-Dark area near core;* mags 13... M 3 NGC 5272 Glob CL CVN 6.3 11 18.6' 13 42.2 +28 23 110 VI 31k Lord Rosse-sev dark marks within 5' of center M 4 NGC 6121 Glob CL SCO 5.4 12 26.3' 16 23.6 -26 32 336 IX 7k Look for central bar structure M 5 NGC 5904 Glob CL SER 5.7 11 19.9' 15 18.6 +02 05 244 V 23k st mags 11...;superb cluster M 6 NGC 6405 Opn CL SCO 4.2 10 20' 17 40.3 -32 15 377 III 2 p 80 6.2 2k Butterfly cluster;51 members to 10.5 mag incl var* BM Sco M 7 NGC 6475 Opn CL SCO 3.3 12 80' 17 53.9 -34 48 377 II 2 r 80 5.6 1k 80 members to 10th mag; Ptolemy's cluster M 8 NGC 6523 CL+Neb SGR 5 13 45' 18 03.7 -24 23 339 E 6.5k Lagoon Nebula;NGC 6530 invl;dark lane crosses M 9 NGC 6333 Glob CL OPH 7.9 11 5.5' 17 19.2 -18 31 337 VIII 26k Dark neb B64 prominent to west M 10 NGC 6254 Glob CL OPH 6.6 12 12.2' 16 57.1 -04 06 247 VII 13k Lord Rosse reported dark lane in cluster M 11 NGC 6705 Opn CL SCT 5.8 9 14' 18 51.1 -06 16 295 I 2 r 500 8 6k 500 stars to 14th mag;Wild duck cluster M 12 NGC 6218 Glob CL OPH 6.1 12 14.5' 16 47.2 -01 57 246 IX 18k Somewhat loose structure M 13 NGC 6205 Glob CL HER 5.8 12 23.2' 16 41.7 +36 28 114 V 22k Hercules cluster;Messier said nebula, no stars M 14 NGC 6402 Glob CL OPH 7.6 12 6.7' 17 37.6 -03 15 248 VIII 27k Many vF stars 14.. -
Patrick Moore's Practical Astronomy Series
Patrick Moore’s Practical Astronomy Series For other titles published in the series, go to www.springer.com/series/3192 The 100 Best Targets for Astrophotography Ruben Kier Ruben Kier Orange, CT 06477 USA ISSN 1431-9756 ISBN 978-1-4419-0602-1 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-0603-8 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-0603-8 Library of Congress Control Number: 2009928623 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by simi- lar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) To my parents, Pearl and Ralph, in celebration of their 60th wedding anniversary: For the nights when you would fall asleep in the car waiting for me at the local observatory, to your support and encouragement of my education, and your enthusiasm about my astrophotography, I am eternally grateful. To my children, Melanie and Shelley, through whose eyes I have rediscovered the marvels of the cosmos; may you never abandon your sense of wonder at the miracles of nature. -
The Structure and Dynamics of Clusters and the Hi Content of Spiral Galaxies
UNIVERSITAT DE BARCELONA U UNIVERSITAT DE BARCELONA Departament d’Astronomia i Meteorologia B The structure and dynamics of clusters and the H i content of spiral galaxies Mem`oria presentada per Maria Teresa Sanchis Estruch per optar al grau de Doctora en F´ısica Barcelona, octubre de 2003 Programa de Doctorat d’Astronomia i Meteorologia Bienni 1998–2000 Mem`oria presentada per Maria Teresa Sanchis Estruch per optar al grau de Doctora en F´ısica Directors de tesi Dr. Eduard Salvador Sol´e Dr. Josep Maria Solanes Maj´ua Contents Resumdelatesi v 1 Introduction 1 1.1Motivationofthisthesis......................... 3 1.2Thisworkandrelatedpublications................... 5 2 Historical overview 9 2.1 H i observations in clusters of galaxies . 9 2.1.1 Earlywork............................. 9 2.1.2 TheVirgocluster......................... 11 2.1.3 Recent results . 13 2.2Dynamicalmodelsofclusters...................... 15 2.2.1 Infallmodels........................... 15 2.2.2 Structuralmodels......................... 19 3 The 3D structure of the Virgo cluster region from Tully-Fisher and H i data 23 3.1Introduction................................ 23 5 6CONTENTS 3.2Observationaldata............................ 24 3.2.1 Galaxyselection.......................... 24 3.2.2 Homogenization of the distances to individual galaxies . 26 3.2.3 The21-cmsample........................ 27 3.3 The diagnosis of H i deficiency...................... 30 3.3.1 Possible bias of H i deficiencyinthedistance.......... 31 3.4 The H i deficiencyinVirgo........................ 34 3.4.1 Radialpattern........................... 34 3.4.2 Correlation with recessional velocities . 38 3.5ThestructureoftheVirgoregion.................... 40 3.5.1 Spherical coordinates . 41 3.5.2 Cartesiancoordinates....................... 43 3.6Summaryandconclusions........................ 46 4 Dynamical model of the Virgo region 51 4.1Introduction................................ 51 4.2 The main H i deficiency enhancements of the Virgo cluster . -
The Herschel Virgo Cluster Survey
A&A 542, A32 (2012) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201117329 & c ESO 2012 Astrophysics The Herschel Virgo Cluster Survey X. The relationship between cold dust and molecular gas content in Virgo spirals E. Corbelli1,S.Bianchi1, L. Cortese2,C.Giovanardi1, L. Magrini1,C.Pappalardo1, A. Boselli3,G.J.Bendo4, J. Davies5, M. Grossi6,S.C.Madden7,M.W.L.Smith5, C. Vlahakis8,R.Auld5, M. Baes9, I. De Looze9, J. Fritz9, M. Pohlen5, and J. Verstappen9 1 Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri – INAF, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50125 Firenze, Italy e-mail: [edvige;sbianchi;giova;laura;cpappala]@arcetri.astro.it 2 European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, 85748 Garching bei Munchen, Germany 3 Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille, UMR 6110 CNRS, 38 rue F. Joliot-Curie, 13388 Marseille, France 4 Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Alan Turing Building, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK 5 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, The Parade, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK 6 CAAUL, Observatorio Astronomico de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada de Ajuda, 1349-018 Lisboa, Portugal 7 Service d’Astrophysique, CEA/Saclay, l’Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France 8 Joint ALMA Office, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, and Departamento de Astronomia, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 36-D, Santiago, Chile 9 Sterrenkundig Observatorium, Universiteit Gent, Krijgslaan 281 S9, 9000 Gent, Belgium Received 24 May 2011 / Accepted 16 April 2012 ABSTRACT Aims. We examine whether dust mass can trace the total or molecular gas mass in late-type Virgo cluster galaxies, and how the environment affects the dust-to-gas ratio and the molecular fraction. -
June 2021 BRAS Newsletter
A JPL Image of surface of Mars, and JPL Ingenuity Helicioptor illustration. Monthly Meeting June 14th at 7:00 PM, in person at last!!! (Monthly meetings are on 2nd Mondays at Highland Road Park Observatory) You can also join this meeting via meet.jit.si/BRASMeet PRESENTATION: a demonstration on how to clean the optics of an SCT or refracting telescope. What's In This Issue? President’s Message Member Meeting Minutes Business Meeting Minutes Outreach Report Asteroid and Comet News Light Pollution Committee Report Globe at Night SubReddit and Discord BRAS Member Astrophotos Messages from the HRPO REMOTE DISCUSSION American Radio Relay League Field Day Observing Notes: Coma Berenices – Berenices Hair Like this newsletter? See PAST ISSUES online back to 2009 Visit us on Facebook – Baton Rouge Astronomical Society BRAS YouTube Channel Baton Rouge Astronomical Society Newsletter, Night Visions Page 2 of 23 June 2021 President’s Message Spring is just flying by it seems. Already June, galaxy season is peeking and the nebulous treasures closer to the Milky Way are starting to creep into the late evening sky. And as a final signal of Spring, we have a variety of life creeping up at the observatory on Highland Road (and not just the ample wildlife that’s been pushed out of the bayou by the rising flood waters, either). Astronomy Day was pretty big success (a much larger crowd than showed up last spring, at any rate) and making good on the ancient prophecy, we began having meetings at HRPO once again. Thanks again to Melanie for helping us score such a fantastic speaker for our homecoming, too. -
Seen Galaxies Count Ref1 Ref2 Con Visual Scale Mag SBR SIZE M Distance Rv Dist COMMENTS
Seen galaxies Count ref1 ref2 con visual_scale mag SBR SIZE_M Distance Rv dist COMMENTS 1. NGC 224 M 31 AND 5 3.4 13.5 189 2.6 -14 Very large and bright 2. NGC 3031 M 81 UMA 4 6.9 13.2 24.9 12 -3 Fine large galaxy 3. NGC 598 M 33 TRI 3 5.7 14.2 68.7 2.8 -10 Large faint glow in square of stars 4. NGC 4594 M 104 VIR 3 8.0 11.6 8.6 30 48 Moon therefore little detail 5. NGC 221 M 32 AND 3 8.1 12.4 8.5 2.6 -10 Small but easy to see 6. NGC 4472 M 49 VIR 3 8.4 13.2 9.8 53 43 Lovely fuzzy galaxy 7. NGC 3034 M 82 UMA 3 8.4 12.5 10.5 12 13 Could make out bright and dark patches 8. NGC 4258 M 106 CVN 3 8.4 13.6 17.4 24 21 Fine large oval galaxy. So much brighter than most I have been looking at recently. 9. NGC 4826 M 64 COM 3 8.5 12.7 10.3 24 21 Easy galaxy to see 10. NGC 4486 M 87 VIR 3 8.6 13 8.7 51 57 Bright ball 11. NGC 4649 M 60 VIR 3 8.8 12.9 7.6 54 49 Lovely view with three galaxies visible. M60 is the brightest of the three. A nice bright ball of stars 12. NGC 3115 MCG - 1-26- 18 SEX 3 8.9 11.9 7.3 33 29 Bright spindle 13. -
Log of Observations
Object Number Date Time Seeing Trans. Location Equipment Description Galaxy Trios 19mm - 3 galaxies in FOV. 7463 is the brightest of the 3. All 3 are round and faint. 7463 has a tiny, brighter nucleus glow. 7464 is the 2nd biggest. Round, with a hint of a hare brighter nucleus. 7465 is the smallest. Its round, with a tiny Pawnee Grasslands in NE star like nucleus seen. All 3 are easy to see and stand 7464, 7563, 7465 45 9/30/2005 10:24 PM Good Good Colorado. Moderately Dark Sky. 12.5" f/8 Newtonian right out in FOV. Pawnee Grasslands in NE 19mm - Nice. Dim oval glow with 2 small hare brighter 5916, 5915 36 7/22/2009 9:47 PM Good Good Colorado. Moderately Dark Sky. 12.5" f/8 Newtonian nucleuses side by side hear center of halo glow. 19mm - Nice. Faint. Two glows, with the one on the right being a larger oval with 2 tiny dim nucleuses side by side on halo glow. NGC 6120 is on the right and NGC 6119 is Pawnee Grasslands in NE the left one. Then above it and very near is NGC 6122 6120, 6122, 6119 38 7/22/2009 11:12 PM Good Good Colorado. Moderately Dark Sky. 12.5" f/8 Newtonian which is this very dim oval glow. 19mm - Small oval glow with 2 tiny, brighter star like Pawnee Grasslands in NE nucleuses side by side on glow. Oval goes from 10 - 4 6927, 6928 40 7/23/2009 12:02 AM Good Good Colorado.