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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 329 218 IR 014 857 TITLE Development Communication Report, 1990/1-4, Nos. INSTITUTION Agency for Internationa

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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 329 218 IR 014 857 TITLE Development Communication Report, 1990/1-4, Nos. INSTITUTION Agency for Internationa DOCUMENT RESUME ED 329 218 IR 014 857 TITLE Development Communication Report, 1990/1-4, Nos. 68-71. INSTITUTION Agency for International Development (IDCA), Washington, DC. Clearinghouse on Development Communication. PUB DATE 90 NOTE 74p.; For the 1989 issues, see ED 319 394. AVAILABLE FROMClearinghouse on Development Communication, 1815 North Fort Meyers Dr., Suite 600, Arlington, VA 22209. PUB TYPE Collected Works - Serials (022) -- Reports - Descriptive (141) JOURNAL CIT Development Communication Report; n68-71 1990 EDRS PRICE MF01/PC03 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Adult Literacy; *Basic Skills; Change Strategies; Community Education; *Developing Nations; Development Communication; Educational Media; *Educational Technology; Educational Television; Feminism; Foreign Countries; *Health Education; *Literacy Education; Mass Media Role; Public Television; Sex Differences; Teaching Models; Television Commercials; *Womens Education ABSTRACT The four issues of this newsletter focus primarily on the use of communication technologies in developing nations tc educate their people. The first issue (No. 68) contains a review of the current status of adult literacy worldwide and articles on an adult literacy program in Nepal; adult new readers as authors; testing literacy materials; the use Jf hand-held electronic learning aids at the primary level in Belize; the use of public television to promote literacy in the United States; reading programs in Africa and Asia; and discussions of the Laubach and Freirean literacy models. Articles in the second issue (no. 69) discuss the potential of educational technology for improving education; new educational partnerships for providing basin education; gender differences in basic education; a social marketing campaign and guidelines for the improvement of basic education; adaptations of educational television's "Sesame Street" for use in other languages and cultures; and resources on basic education. Women are the focus of the third issue (No. 70), including articles on communicating with women; effective training for women; agricultural extension and African women farmers; hygiene education; ways to increase mothers' self-confidence; and community publishing as a strategy for women's development in Zimbabwe. The final issue (No. 71) focuses on health education, including the role of mass media and television commercials in influencing lifestyles and behavior pertaining to health care, and the success of community education programs in Brazil, Nigeria, Sri Lanka, Singapore, and Uganda. Each issue also includes announcements of upcoming conferences, other information resources, and book reviews. (DB) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Education& Research &nd Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) n This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. 1-.1 Minor changes have been made to improve repoduction quality Points of view or opinions staled in this docu . ment do not necessarily represent offictaI OERI position Or pOhey DEVELOPMENT COMMUNICATION REPORT 1990/1-4 Nos. 68-71 BEST COPY AVAILABLE 4.0 g9,7 Development Communication Report 199WI No. 68 In this issue . Adult Literacy: A Call Adult Literacy: A Call to Communicators 1 to Communicators Testing Literacy Materials It's Worth It 3 Writing It Ourselves: Adult Unesco has proclaimed 1990 as Interna- girls' activities, or the demand for labor at Beginning Readers as Authors 5 tional Literacy Year. This initiative has home and in the fields prevent many Speak & Math: Learning raised the issue of literacy to the top of the children in Third World countries from at- Electronically in Belizean Schools 7 international agenda once again, after years tending school long enough to acquire TV Networks A PLUS for of being given low priority. There are at basic skills and knowledge. In other cases, Non-Literates in the United States 9 least two reasons for this renewed interest. uneven school attendance severely The first reason is the stubborn persist- hampers learners' progress, not to mention Eyes on the Prize: Competing for the Attention of New Readers in Asia 11 ence of the problem of illiteracy, despite all the poor quality and scarce resources of the earlier efforts to eradicate it. The num- many .schools. Two Literacy Strategies: ber of illiterates among the world's adult Intensive nonformal literacy programs The Laubach Model 12 population is steadily growing, from ap- are often a less costly, more efficient means The Freirean Model 13 proximate 963 million today to an estimated of reaching those bypassed by the formal Radio Education in Africa 16 one billion over the next decade, if present education system. They are also more easi- Resources for Literacy Promoters 17 trends continue. There is indirect evidence ly adapted to the immediate needs of the What's New, What's Coming 18 that illiteracy has dramatically worsened Tough Questions for International Literacy Year 20 over the past decade a7, a result of deep cuts (continued on p. in educational spending made by many debt-burdened countries. More women are affected than men: one in three women in New Commitment to "Education for All" the world cannot read and write, while the ratio for men is one in five. female literacy should be cut by half; and The second, more positive reason is the by Clifford Block all citizens should have access to essential mounting evidence that literacy brings Nearly 2,000 educational and political knowledge and life skills. direct economic and social rewards for in- leaders representing 156 nations met in To achieve these goals, the power of dividuals and society. Contrary to earlier Thailand March 5-9, 1990, where they communications should be tapped, in the beliefs that educational investment was a made dramatic new commitments to im- view of such leaders as James Grant and "black hole" that produced no concrete prove basic education by the year 2000. Federico Mayor, the heads of Unicef and results, recent research suggests consider- New funding was pledged, and many na- Unesco, respectively. Roundtable discus- at' benefits. Literate workers are tions agreed on the urgent need to sions on distance teaching, rural radio and int IA_ :mployable and efficient, and literate revamp their own education systems. social mobilization through the media at- farmers produce greater agricultural output. Several leaders noted that communication tracted lively attention. Literacy appears to lead to better health and must play a central role in this effort. This new ferment provides a great op- nutrition and longer life expectancy. The The conference was jointly sponsored portunity for communications experts to families of literate mothers arc more likely by the World Bank, Unicef, the United Na- plan education reforms, provide greater to have fewer children, lower infant mor- tions Development Program and Unesco, access for women, provide life skills infor- tality and better nutrition. with 22 cosponsoring aid organizations. mation and mobilize support for these all- In general, primary education through The World Bank and Unicef both pledged important goals. Further information on formal school systems has been favored as to double their aid to basic education. the conference will appear in the next edi- the most efficient means of obtaining univer- Participants set the following goals for tion of theDevelopment Communication sal literacHowever, there is increasing the year 2000; at least 80 percent of all 14- Report. iecognition that expanding and improving year-old boys and girls should attain a primary education will not alone suffice to common level of quality learning achieve- As a member of US'A To's delegation to overcome illiteracy. Armed conflict, ment set by each country; adult illiteracy the conference, Clif/brd Block oNanized nomadic lifestyles, cultural norms restricting and the disparity between male and major mundtableon distance teaching. Supported by the Office of Education, Bureau for Science and Technology of the U.S. Agency for tra.:rnationalDevelopment (from p. tion as well as political commitment at the poor. Moreover, they can address the highest levels. Communicators can provide ION needs of today's adults and young people valuable assistance to literacy programs through media exposure and promotion. A Development Communication while the enormous task of providing quality primary education for tomorrow's promotional campaign can serve a number Report children is being met. of objectives: raising public awareness Development CommunicationReport, This edition of theDevelopment Com- about the extent of the illiteracy problem published quarterly by the Clearinghouse munication Reportaddresses the issue of and the need for remedial measures, solicit- on Development Communication, has a ing financial support for the program, circulation of over 7,000. The newsletter is adult literacy and its achievement primarily available free of charge to readers in the through nonformal education programs recruiting volunteer instructors, mobilizing developing world and at a charge of $10.00 from the perspective of development com- ilhterate participants and sustaining the per year to readers in industrialized municators. motivation of teachers and learners. countries. Materials Development.Materials that A center for materials and information on Opportunities for Communicators are easy to read, relevant to learners' lives important applications of communication Literacy is a communication issue in
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