Fishway Design for Iberian Cyprinid Fish Species

Session 2 Fish-passages for up and downstream migration: attraction flow

Fishway design for Iberian cyprinid fish species

2nd Stakeholder Workshop – Iberian Peninsula – Lisboa, Portugal 20.03.2018

Ana Quaresma Instituto Superior Técnico

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 1 Fishway design for Iberian cyprinid fish species

Table of Contents

Context

Background

FIThydro objectives

Test case – Guma HPP

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 2 Anthropogenic barriers impact river systems blocking migratory pathways and fish movements

Properly designed fishways re-establish connectivity (at least partially), allowing for fish migration and movements

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 3 For a fishway to be effective, fish should find the entrance…

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 4 …enter… headwater

tailwater

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 5 …and negotiate it without delay, stress or injury

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 6 Developing fishways is challenging

V Weaker fish species behavior and swimming capability

V Swimming performance and behaviour depend on the hydrodynamics

V Inadequate water level, velocity, turbulence and large eddies can be a barrier for

fish

Turbulence scales compared to the size of a fish (Odeh et al., 2002)

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 7 headwater Pool-type fishways are among the oldest most common and widespread types of tailwater fish passes

orifices notches orifices and notches slots

Noonan et al. 2012 found that pool-type fishways were adequate for salmonids and non-salmonids

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 8 Fishways studies historically focused on larger sized

Cyprinids migratory patterns and response © Claúdia Baeta to hydraulic variables still poorly known Iberian Barbel (Luciobarbus bocagei , Steindachner, 1864 )

Many existing fishways not adequate for non-salmonids

∑ Suitable swimming conditions for multiple fish species is vital

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 9 Indoor prototype fishway flume

Silva et al. 2011, 2012 vs

Iberian Barbel straight orifice arrangement offset orifice arrangement

Silva et al. 2009, Santos et al. 2012 Iberian Barbel vs

Iberian Barbel orifices and notches orifices and notches Branco et al. 2013 plunging regime streaming regime Iberian chub

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 10 Romão et al. 2017

Iberian Barbel vs

Iberian chub

vertical slot fishway 1 vertical slot fishway 2

Romão et al. 2018 vs

Iberian Barbel

vertical slot fishway multi slot fishway

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 11 Biological tests

Numerical modelling

Solutions, Methods, Tools and Devices (SMTDs)

Indoor prototype fishway flume

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 12 PIV

1:2.5 scale physical model flume

ADV

Solutions, Methods, Tools and Devices (SMTDs)

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 13 With the use of available SMTDs the aim is to assess their advantages and disadvantages in real-case applications, with the knowledge of target species behaviour, and establish a methodology to :

V technically and scientifically guide the design and retrofitting of pool-type fishways

V technically and scientifically guide the analysis and establishment of eco-friendly operational rules

V assess mitigation strategies at existing and new HPP schemes

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 14 Test Case – Guma HPP

Guma HPP Built in 2009

Spain

Douro River

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 15 Test Case – Guma HPP Fishway Power plant

Guma HPP

Capacity = 2.25 MW Discharge = 35.0 m 3/s Head = 8.85 m

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 16 Test Case – Guma HPP

Pool-type fishway with Fishway Downstream river reach notches and orifices

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 17 Test Case – Guma HPP Scientific objectives

∑ Detect and reduce environmental problems in this river reach

∑ Help and facilitate research in native fish ecology, migration and conservation

Attraction flows Fish migration E-flows Hydropeaking Habitat improvement Spawning areas Species at risk

Northern straight mouth nase © Filipe Ribeiro © Marcos Oliveira Iberian Chub (Pseudochondrostoma duriense , Coelho, 1985) (Squalius pyrenaicus , Günther, 1868)

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 18 Test Case – Guma HPP 3D modelling of the fishway analysing its operation and hydrodynamics, under different flow regimes and operational constraints like an orifice or notch clogging

3D modelling of the fishway water inlet area to assess the conditions of up and downstream movements and analyse protection measures against floating debris

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 19 Test Case – Guma HPP 3D modelling of the fishway analysing its operation and hydrodynamics, under different flow regimes and operational constraints like an orifice or notch clogging

3D modelling of the fishway water inlet area to assess the conditions of up and downstream movements and analyse protection measures against floating debris

2D and 3D modelling of the downstream river reach to analyse the attraction flow, and fishway attractiveness considering the competing turbined flow, analysing different scenarios to improve the attractiveness

2D and 3D modelling of the downstream river reach to analyse the habitat availability, spawning areas and hydropeaking effects, with the knowledge of the different species to predict behaviour and establish more fish-friendly operation rules

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 20 Suggested topics for discussion ‹ Q1: What do you consider as the major issues (key problems, open questions) relevant to the assessment and planning of ecologically compatible hydropower production in the Iberian Peninsula (Portugal/Spain) concerning up- and dowstream migration ?

‹ Q2: What approaches and solutions are applied to address the key problems and open issues in the Iberian Peninsula (Portugal/Spain)?

‹ Q3: What are your recommendations or requests to the work-programme of FIThydro concerning up- and dowstream migration ?

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 21 Acknowledgements to: Javier Sanz-Ronda; SAVASA; ITAGRA

This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 727830

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 22 References: Branco P, Santos JM, Katopodis C, Pinheiro A & Ferreira MT. 2013. Pool-Type Fishways: Two Different Morpho-Ecological Cyprinid Species Facing Plunging and Streaming Flows. PLoS ONE 8(5):e65089. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065089

Odeh M, Noreika JF, Haro A, Maynard A & Castro-Santos T. 2002. Evaluation of the Effects of Turbulence on the Behavior of Migratory Fish. Final Report to the Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, Oregon. Contract 00000022, Project 200005700

Noonan MJ, Grand JWA & Jackson CD. 2012. A quantitative assessment of fish passage efficiency. Fish and Fisheries 13(4):450-464. doi:10.1111/j.1467-2979.2011.00445.x

Romão F, Quaresma AL, Branco P, Santos JM, Amaral S, Ferreira MT, Katopodis C & Pinheiro AN. 2017. Passage performance of two Cyprinids with Different Ecological Traits in a Fishway with Distinct Vertical Slot Configurations. Ecological Engineering 105:180-188. doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.04.031

Romão F, Branco P, Quaresma AL, Amaral SD & Pinheiro AN. 2018. Effectiveness of a multi-slot vertical slot fishway versus a standard vertical slot fishway for potamodromous cyprinids. Hydrobiologia ():1-11. doi:10.1007/s10750-018-3580-5

Santos JM, Silva AT, Katopodis C, Pinheiro PJ, Pinheiro AN, Bochechas J & Ferreira MT. 2012. Ecohydraulics of pool-type fishways: getting past the barriers. Ecological Engineering 48:38-50. doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2011.03.006

Silva AT, Santos JM, Franco AC, Ferreira MT & Pinheiro AN. 2009. Selection of Iberian barbel Barbus bocagei (Steindachner, 1864) for orifices and notches upon different hydraulic configurations in an experimental pool-type fishway. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 25(2):173-177. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01237.x

Silva AT, Santos JM, Ferreira MT, Pinheiro AN & Katopodis C. 2011. Effects of water velocity and turbulence on the behaviour of Iberian barbel (Luciobarbus bocagei , Steindachner, 1864) in an experimental pool-type fishway. River Research and Applications 27(3):360–373. doi:10.1002/rra.1363

Silva AT, Santos JM, Ferreira MT, Pinheiro AN & Katopodis C. 2012. Passage efficiency of offset and straight orifices for upstream movements of Iberian barbel in a pool-type fishway. River Research and Applications 28(5):529-542. doi: 10.1002/rra.2904

20/03/2018 Ana Quaresma / IST-ID 23