DOCSLIB.ORG

Features of Gift Exchange in Market Economy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Features of Gift Exchange in Market Economy UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI FAKULTETA ZA DRUŽBENE VEDE ANDREJ RUS FEATURES OF GIFT EXCHANGE IN MARKET ECONOMY LASTNOSTI EKONOMIJE DARU V TRŽNI EKONOMIJI DOKTORSKA DISERTACIJA DOCTORAL THESIS Mentor: prof. dr. Vesna V. Godina Somentor: prof. dr. Josephus D. M. Platenkamp LJUBLJANA, 2010 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First I would like to thank my mentors dr. Vesna Godina and dr. Jos Platenkamp for their indispensable help and guidance. I would also like to thank to dr. Zlatko Jančič for his comments, which notably improved this thesis. I am also very grateful to Katja Vukčevič and Janez Kne for their really valuable ideas and suggestions in the process of conceiving this thesis. Last but not least, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my family: Darja, Katja and Arjan for their unconditional support and patience. IZJAVA O AVTORSTVU Spodaj podpisani Andrej Rus, z vpisno številko 21041310, Sem avtor doktorskega dela z naslovom: Features of gift exchange in market economy (Lastnosti ekonomije daru v tržni ekonomiji). S svojim podpisom zagotavljam, da: • je predložena doktorska disertacija izključno rezultat mojega raziskovalnega dela; • sem poskrbel, da so dela in mnenja drugih avtorjev oz. avtoric, ki jih uporabljam v predloženem delu, navedena oz. citirana v skladu s fakultetnimi navodili; • sem poskrbel, da so vsa dela in mnenja drugih avtorjev oz. avtoric navedena v seznamu virov, ki je sestavni element predloženega dela in je zapisan v skladu s fakultetnimi navodili; • sem pridobil vsa dovoljenja za uporabo avtorskih del, ki so v celoti prenesena v predloženo delo in sem to tudi jasno zapisal v predloženem delu; • se zavedam, da je plagiatorstvo – predstavljanje tujih del, bodisi v obliki citata bodisi v obliki skoraj dobesednega prafraziranja bodisi v grafični obliki, s katerim so tuje misli oz. ideje predstavljene kot moje lastne – kaznivo po zakonu (Zakon o avtorstvu in sorodnih pravicah, Uradni list RS št. 21/95), prekršek pa podleže tudi ukrepom Fakultete za družbene vede v skladu z njenimi pravili; • se zavedam posledic, ki jih dokazano plagiatorstvo lahko predstavlja za predloženo delo in za moj status na Fakulteti za družbene vede. V Ljubljani, dne________________ Podpis avtorja____________________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................................................... 1 LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................... 12 LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................. 13 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 14 1.1. Theoretical context ........................................................................................................ 14 1.2. Gift vs. commodity ........................................................................................................ 16 1.3. The research problem .................................................................................................... 16 1.4. The structure of the dissertation .................................................................................... 17 1.5. The research overview .................................................................................................. 18 1.6. The five sub-hypotheses ................................................................................................ 19 1.7. The research methods .................................................................................................... 19 1.8. Scientific relevance of the dissertation .......................................................................... 20 2. PART I: THEORETICAL CONTEXT ............................................................................ 21 2.1. Study of economic life in economic anthropology ....................................................... 21 2.1.1. A description of economic anthropology ............................................................... 21 2.1.2. Economic anthropology vs. economics .................................................................. 22 2.1.3. Historical perspective: substantiavism vs. formalism ............................................ 28 2.1.4. Economic anthropology after the substantivists-formalists debate ........................ 38 2.1.5. Contemporary issues .............................................................................................. 40 2.2. Market economy and gift economy ............................................................................... 42 2.2.1. Market economy ..................................................................................................... 42 2.2.1.1. Basic characteristics of the market economy .................................................. 42 2.2.1.2. A historical perspective: from the gift economy to the market economy ....... 43 2.2.1.3. Classical economics ........................................................................................ 47 2.2.1.4. Neoclassical economics and rational choice theory ........................................ 48 2.2.1.5. Some criticisms of the Homo oeconomicus model ......................................... 52 2.2.2. The gift economy ................................................................................................... 56 2.2.2.1. Basic characteristics of the gift economy ........................................................ 56 2.2.2.2. Economic analysis of gift exchange ................................................................ 57 2.2.2.3. Anthropological analysis of gift exchange ...................................................... 59 2.2.2.3.1. Marcel Mauss ........................................................................................... 59 2.2.2.3.2. Chris A. Gregory ...................................................................................... 64 2.2.2.3.3. Other scholars ........................................................................................... 66 2.2.2.4. Gift and reciprocity ......................................................................................... 68 2.2.2.4.1. Models of reciprocity ............................................................................... 68 2.2.2.4.2. What is reciprocity ................................................................................... 71 2.2.2.4.3. Generalised, balanced and negative reciprocity ....................................... 74 2.2.2.4.4. Evolutionary explanations of reciprocity ................................................. 77 2.2.2.5. Gift exchange in modern societies .................................................................. 82 2.2.3. The ‘market economy’ vs. ‘gift economy’ debate ................................................. 87 2.2.3.1. Market exchange vs. gift exchange ................................................................. 87 2.2.3.2. Some criticisms of the gift-market dichotomy ................................................ 87 2.2.3.3. Gift exchange as calculative process ............................................................... 90 2.2.3.3.1. Criticisms ................................................................................................. 94 2.2.3.4. Integrating gift and commodity exchanges into a single social process ......... 95 2.2.4. Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 97 3. PART II: THE RESEARCH ........................................................................................... 100 3.1. Defining and operationalising the research question .................................................. 100 3.1.1. The basis of my research question ....................................................................... 100 3.1.2. The research question ........................................................................................... 107 3.1.3. The concepts pertaining to the research question ................................................. 108 3.1.4. The indicators of gift exchange and market exchange ......................................... 109 3.1.5. The hypothesis ...................................................................................................... 112 3.1.5.1. The null hypothesis ....................................................................................... 112 3.1.5.2. The research hypothesis ................................................................................ 112 3.1.5.3. The five sub-hypotheses ................................................................................ 112 3.2. Description of research methods ................................................................................. 113 3.2.1. Area and focus of my research ............................................................................. 113 3.2.2. On the methods used for my research .................................................................. 113 3.2.2.1. Text analysis .................................................................................................. 115 3.2.2.2. Case study method ........................................................................................ 118 3.3. Textual analysis ........................................................................................................... 120 3.3.1. The first sub-hypothesis: creating relationships
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Own and Be Owned Archaeological Approaches to the Concept of Possession
    Own and be owned Archaeological approaches to the concept of possession P AG – Postdoctoral Archaeological Group Alison Klevnäs & Charlotte Hedenstierna-Jonson (Eds) Stockholm Studies in Archaeology 62, 2015 Own and be owned Archaeological approaches to the concept of possession © 2015 by PAG – Postdoctoral Archaeological Group, and the authors Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies Stockholm University SE-106 91 Stockholm www.archaeology.su.se Editors: Alison Klevnäs & Charlotte Hedenstierna-Jonson English revision: Kristin Bornholdt Collins Cover and typography: Anna Röst, Karneol form & kommunikation Printed by Publit, Stockholm, Sweden 2015 ISSN 0349-4128 ISBN 978-91-637-8212-1 Contents Preface vii Alison Klevnäs & Charlotte Hedenstierna-Jonson Introduction: the nature of belongings 1 Alison Klevnäs Things of quality: possessions and animated objects in the Scandinavian Viking Age 23 Nanouschka Myrberg Burström The skin I live in. The materiality of body imagery 49 Fredrik Fahlander To own and be owned: the warriors of Birka’s garrison 73 Charlotte Hedenstierna-Jonson The propriety of decorative luxury possessions. Reflections on the occurrence of kalathiskos dancers and pyrrhic dancers in Roman visual culture 93 Julia Habetzeder Hijacked by the Bronze Age discourse? A discussion of rock art and ownership 109 Per Nilsson Capturing images: knowledge, ownership and the materiality of cave art 133 Magnus Ljunge Give and take: grave goods and grave robbery in the early middle ages 157 Alison Klevnäs Possession through deposition: the 'ownership' of coins in contemporary British coin-trees 189 Ceri Houlbrook Possession, property or ownership? 215 Chris Gosden About the authors 222 Things of quality: possessions and animated objects in the Scandinavian Viking Age Nanouschka M.
    [Show full text]
  • Inalienable Wealth in Forster's Howards
    Inalienable Wealth in Forster’s Howards End In my presentation, I will focus on inherited objects in E. M. Forster’s Howards End (1910). My main focus will be on how Forster portrays inheritance in Edwardian England and it is my claim that Howards End can be read as Forster’s attempt to rescue the ‘society of inheritance’ (concept borrowed from Thomas Piketty) by moving the focus from inherited wealth to inherited values. My analysis is focusing on the house of Howards End in particular and I will argue that the house is an ‘inalienable object’. I have borrowed the concept of inalienable objects from anthropology and I have attached an article about the concept written by Carolyn Folkman Curasi, Linda L. Price and Eric J. Arnould. I have, furthermore, selected some short text passages to illustrate some of the points, I will make in my presentation. For those of you who have not read the novel, I have also attached a plot summary from Wikipedia. References Curasi, Carolyn Folkman, Linda L. Price & Eric J. Arnould, “How Individuals’ Cherished Possessions Become Families’ Inalienable Wealth,” Journal of Consumer Research Vol. 31 (December 2004): 609- 622 Forster, E. M., Howards End, London: Penguin English Library, 2012. Piketty, Thomas, Capital in the Twenty-First Century, Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2014 Quotes Chapter 3 “She [Ruth Wilcox] seemed to belong not to the young people and their motor, but to the house, and to the tree that overshadowed it. One knew that she worshipped the past, and that the instinctive wisdom the past can alone bestow had descended upon her – that wisdom to which we give the clumsy name of aristocracy.
    [Show full text]
  • Gift Exchange and Living-Related Kidney Transplantation in the Philippines
    Repaying and Cherishing the Gift of Life: Gift Exchange and Living-related Kidney Transplantation in the Philippines Yosuke Shimazono ABSTRACT: This paper considers living-related kidney transplantation, especially that between family members in the Philippines. Drawing on the anthropological theory of gift, it explores two aspects of the gift relationship—the relationship between the do- nor and the recipient and the relationship between the recipient and the object—and describes two categories of acts—‘acknowledging the debt/repaying the gift of life’ and ‘taking care of a kidney/cherishing the gift’. This paper seeks to show that there is an internal tension in live kidney transplantation between two rival principles of gift operative in the world of Filipino family and kinship: one akin to the Maussian or ‘ar- chaic’ gift and the other that places cherishing of the gift over repaying of the debt. KEYWORDS: ‘archaic’ gift exchange, family, gift, kidney transplantation, Marcel Mauss, Philippines In his seminal essay, The Gift, Mauss attempted is to make a present of some part of oneself’ to unravel the common principles running (1990: 16). The objects given are typically the through gift exchange practices in societies important substance and being of the indi- which he termed ‘archaic’—Melanesia, Poly- vidual and/or group. Even after being given nesia and the Pacific Northwest (Mauss 1990). away, they still bear the ‘stamp of those who According to Mauss and his successors, gift possessed it previously’ (Carrier 1994: 25). exchange as practised in these societies was According to Weiner and Godelier, they are characterised by two major elements that are ‘inalienable possessions’, which cannot com- intertwined: the obligatory transfer of the ob- pletely be alienated; the original owner retains ject and the inalienability of the object.
    [Show full text]
  • 314131983.Pdf
    Economic Anthropology History, Ethl:)ography, Critique Chris Han� and Keith Hart 'I Dolity ' II ' I I Copyright© Chris Hann and Keith Hart 2011 The right of Chris Hann and Keith Hart to be identified as Authors ofthis Work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act Contents 1988. First published in 2011 by Polity Press Reprinted in 2011 Polity Press 65 Bridge Street Cambridge CB2 1 UR, UK Polity Press Preface lX 350 Main Street Malden, MA 02148, USA 1 Introduction: Economic Anthropology 1 3 All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purpose Some Issues of Method 'r of criticism and review, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored 'I 6 :,1, The Human Economy in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, Critical Anthropology 9 mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission Organization of the Book 15 of the publisher. 2 Economy from the Ancient World to the Age of the ISBN-13: 978-0-7456-4482-0 Internet 18 ISBN-13: 978-0-7456-4483-7(pb) 'I 1 8 I, Economy as Household Management Medieval and Early Modern Roots of Economic A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Theory 20 24 Typeset in 11 on 13 pt Sabon The Rise of Political Economy by Servis Filmsetting Ltd, Stockport, Cheshire The Economic Anthropology of Karl Marx 27 Printed and bound in the United States by Odyssey Press Inc., Gonic, New Hampshire National Capitalism and Beyond 29 Conclusion 34 The publisher has used its best endeavours to ensure that the URLs for external 3 The Rise of Modern Economics and Anthropology 37 websites referred to in this book are correct and active at the time of going to The German Tradition 39 press.
    [Show full text]
  • The Political Economy of Heritage Making in Contemporary Spain Author(S): Jaume Franquesa Source: Current Anthropology, Vol
    On Keeping and Selling: The Political Economy of Heritage Making in Contemporary Spain Author(s): Jaume Franquesa Source: Current Anthropology, Vol. 54, No. 3 (June 2013), pp. 346-369 Published by: The University of Chicago Press on behalf of Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/670620 . Accessed: 20/05/2013 16:27 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The University of Chicago Press and Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Current Anthropology. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 137.108.145.45 on Mon, 20 May 2013 16:27:51 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions 346 Current Anthropology Volume 54, Number 3, June 2013 On Keeping and Selling The Political Economy of Heritage Making in Contemporary Spain by Jaume Franquesa In recent years, heritage has become a hegemonic idiom helping to legitimize, but also resist, the gentrification and private appropriation of urban space in a global conjuncture dominated by neoliberal policies and voracious real estate pressures. Through the analysis of a conflict around a historical building in a gentrifying neighborhood in Palma (Spain), and drawing on recent contributions analyzing the processual character of cultural heritage as well as on Annette Weiner’s theoretical insights on inalienability, the article explores the economic logic that underpins this hegemonic character of heritage.
    [Show full text]
  • Does Ecosystem Services Valuation Reflect Local Cultural
    Economic Anthropology 2018 DOI:10.1002/sea2.12128 Does ecosystem services valuation reflect local cultural valuations? Comparative analysis of resident perspectives in four major urban river ecosystems Margaret V. du Bray1, Rhian Stotts2, Melissa Beresford2, Amber Wutich2, & Alexandra Brewis2 1 Environmental Studies, Augustana College, Rock Island, IL 61201, USA 2 School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA Corresponding author: Margaret du Bray; e-mail: [email protected] Anthropologists have long considered how people create and perceive the value of goods and services. While valuation of nature as a commodity is one means of conservation, locally resonant values of nature may not follow market logic. We apply the ecosystem services valuation (ESV) framework to four major urban river ecosystems (Australia, New Zealand, United States, and United Kingdom) to compare and contrast value (the alienable goods that are readily commodified and monetized) and values (the inalienable goods and rights that defy easy comparability and recognition). In interviews, respondents (N = 283) living near the rivers described the local river-associated ecosystem services (ES) they experienced. Thematic content analysis of coded interview data showed that respondents in all four sites recognize ES in their local areas related to rivers, and these resonate with the value-oriented ESV frameworks. While the ESV framework offers a way for scholars and policymakers to easily compare the monetary value of ES, our results indicate that rivers have locally ascribed value that defies easy commodification. In particular, our work highlights the local importanceof priceless, inalienable values perceived to be conferred across ES and not just restricted to cultural services.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ageing Consumer and Intergenerational Transmission Of
    (forthcoming) “The Ageing Consumer and Intergenerational Transmission of Cherished Possessions,” in The Aging Consumer: Perspectives from Psychology and Economics, Aimee Drolet, Norbert Schwarz and Carolyn Yoon, ed. LEA/Psychology Press, Carolyn Folkman Curasi, Linda L. Price, Eric J. Arnould Authors' Note: Carolyn F. Curasi is an Associate Professor at Georgia State University, Linda L. Price is Soldwedel Faculty Fellow and Professor of Marketing at University of Arizona and Eric J. Arnould is Distinguished Professor of Sustainable Business Practices, University of Wyoming. This research was funded in part by a research grant from the Research Council, University of South Florida and from the Institute on Aging, University of South Florida. We would also like to thank Kent Grayson, graduate students at the University of Nebraska, participants in the Sheth Research Camp, University of Pittsburgh, and seminars at University of Connecticut, University of California Irvine, and Australian Graduate School of Management for comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. 1 As the population of developed countries age, we witness some processes and phenomena that shed new light on the ageing consumer, consumer identity work, and intergenerational transmission of cherished possessions. During the last half of the century individuals in more developed countries have, in historical terms, enjoyed unprecedented wealth. With new found affluence the inevitable question of what to do with all of these possessions when one reaches life’s twilight becomes newly prominent. We stumbled on the ubiquity of the disposition dilemma among older populations when informants spontaneously raised the issue of their struggle with deciding what to do with their cherished possessions.
    [Show full text]
  • Illusion and Value, Or Marcel Mauss on Alienability and Inalienability Marcos Lanna Universidade Federal De São Carlos, [email protected]
    Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America ISSN: 2572-3626 (online) Volume 14 Article 5 Issue 2 Special Issue in Honor of Terence Turner 12-26-2016 Illusion and Value, or Marcel Mauss on Alienability and Inalienability Marcos Lanna Universidade Federal de São Carlos, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.trinity.edu/tipiti Part of the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Lanna, Marcos (2016). "Illusion and Value, or Marcel Mauss on Alienability and Inalienability," Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America: Vol. 14: Iss. 2, Article 5, 210-225. Available at: http://digitalcommons.trinity.edu/tipiti/vol14/iss2/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ Trinity. It has been accepted for inclusion in Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ Trinity. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ARTICLE ____________________________________________________________________________________ Illusion and Value, or Marcel Mauss on Alienability and Inalienability Marcos Lanna Departamento de Ciências Sociais Universidade Federal de São Carlos BRAZIL This paper is at variance from much of the thinking of Terence Turner, but it is also inspired by him. Dedicating a paper to Terry that contains so many ideas with which he would probably have disagreed deserves some explanation.1 Terry was an exceptional teacher and dissertation advisor on many counts, but also an outstanding debater. He taught me how intellectual dialogue implies respect and understanding of the other discussant’s perspectives.
    [Show full text]
  • Inalienable Possessions This Page Intentionally Left Blank Inalienable Possessions
    Inalienable Possessions This page intentionally left blank Inalienable Possessions The Paradox of Keeping-While-Giving Annette B. Weiner UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS Berkeley Los Angeles Oxford This book is a print-on-demand volume. It is manufac- tured using toner in place of ink. Type and images may he less sharp than the same material seen in traditionally printed University of California Press editions. University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press Oxford, England Copyright © 1992 by The Regents of the University of California Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Weiner, Annette B., 1933- Inalienable possessions: the paradox of keeping-while-giving / Annette B. Weiner. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-520-07603H5 (alk. paper). ISBN 0-520-07604-4 (pbk.: alk. paper) 1. Ceremonial exchange—Oceania. 2. Women—Oceania— Economic conditions. 3. Women—Oceania—Social conditions. 4. Economic anthropology—Oceania—Methodology. I. Tide. GN662.W45 1992 305.42'0995—dc20 91–3580 CIP The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984 ®> Contents ILLUSTRATIONS vii PREFACE ix Introduction 1 Chapter 1 Inalienable Possessions: The Forgotten Dimension 23 Chapter 2 Reconfiguring Exchange Theory: The Maori Hau 44 Chapter 3 The Sibling Incest Taboo: Polynesian Cloth and Reproduction 66 Chapter 4 The Defeat of Hierarchy: Cosmological Authentication in Australia and New Guinea Bones and Stones 98 Chapter 5 Kula: The Paradox of Keeping-While-Giving 131 V vi CONTENTS Afterword: The Challenge of Inalienable Possessions 149 NOTES 157 BIBLIOGRAPHY 197 INDEX 219 Illustrations Figures 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Unpacking Personhood and Identity in the Hohokam Area of Southern Arizona
    Unpacking Personhood and Identity in the Hohokam Area of Southern Arizona Item Type text; Electronic Dissertation Authors Cerezo-Román, Jessica Inés Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 25/09/2021 19:44:24 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/312658 1 UNPACKING PERSONHOOD AND IDENTITY IN THE HOHOKAM AREA OF SOUTHERN ARIZONA by Jessica Inés Cerezo-Román __________________________ Copyright © Jessica Inés Cerezo-Román 2013 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the SCHOOL OF ANTHROPOLOGY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2013 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Dissertation Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by Jessica Inés Cerezo-Román, titled unpacking personhood and identity in the Hohokam area of southern Arizona and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. _______________________________________________________________________ Date: (12/12/2013) Barbara J. Mills _______________________________________________________________________ Date: (12/12/2013) Jane Buikstra _______________________________________________________________________ Date: (12/12/2013) Suzanne Fish _______________________________________________________________________ Date: (12/12/2013) John McClelland _______________________________________________________________________ Date: (12/12/2013) Thomas Sheridan Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate’s submission of the final copies of the dissertation to the Graduate College.
    [Show full text]
  • The Anthropology of Economy
    The Anthropology of Economy Community, Market, and Culture Stephen Gudeman BLACI<WELL l3 Publishers Copyright© Stephen Gudeman 2001 The right of Stephen Gudeman to be identified as author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Design and Patents Act 1988. First published 2001 2 4 6 8 10 9 7 5 3 1 Blackwell Publishers Inc. 350 Main Street Malden, Massachusetts 02148 USA Blackwell Publishers Ltd 108 Cowley Road Oxford OX4 1JF UK All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purposes of criticism and review, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, withotlt the prior permission of the publisher. Except in the United States of America, this book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher's prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data has been applied for. ISBN 0-631-22566-8 (hardback); 0-63 1-22567-6 (paperback) British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data. A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Typeset in 10.5 on 12 pt Sabon by Ace Filmsetting Ltd, Frome, Somerset Printed in Great Britain by TJ International, Padstow, Cornwall This book is printed on acid-free paper.
    [Show full text]
  • Gift Economy
    Gift economy A gift economy, gift culture, or gift exchange is a mode market society-based conception of the gift applied as if of exchange where valuables are not traded or sold, but it were a cross-cultural, pan-historical universal. How- rather given without an explicit agreement for immediate ever, he claims that anthropologists, through analysis of or future rewards.[1] This contrasts with a barter economy a variety of cultural and historical forms of exchange, or a market economy, where goods and services are pri- have established that no universal practice exists.[9] His marily exchanged for value received. Social norms and classic summation of the gift exchange debate high- custom govern gift exchange. Gifts are not given in an lighted that ideologies of the “pure gift” “are most likely explicit exchange of goods or services for money or some to arise in highly differentiated societies with an ad- other commodity.[2] vanced division of labour and a significant commercial sector” and need to be distinguished from non-market The nature of gift economies forms the subject of a foun- [10] dational debate in anthropology. Anthropological re- “prestations.” According to Weiner, to speak of a “gift search into gift economies began with Bronisław Mali- economy” in a non-market society is to ignore the dis- nowski's description of the Kula ring[3] in the Trobriand tinctive features of their exchange relationships, as the [4] early classic debate between Bronislaw Malinowski and Islands during World War I. The Kula trade appeared [5][6] to be gift-like since Trobrianders would travel great dis- Marcel Mauss demonstrated.
    [Show full text]