inJCB THE NEWSLETTER OF JOHN CARTER BROWN LIBRARY

NUMBER 49 / FALL 2017 LETTER FROM THE DIRECTOR “America”, Part II, Plate 1(Milan, 1821). usanze di tutti ipopoli antichi emoderni, milizia, della religione, delle arti, ed scienze antico Storia del o governo, moderno e della del Quindiu,” inGiulio Ferrario, costume Il aquatint by Paolo Fumagalli, “passaggio Cover image is from adetail colored Clinton I. Smullyan, Jr. SaavedraSantiago David Rumsey Matthew Restall Pamela Reeves H.Christina Paxson, officio ex C.Gilbert Meister Robert N. Gordon Hemmasi,Harriette officio ex Paul R. S. Gebhard Timothy C. Forbes Sylvia M. Brown Antonio Bonchristiano Berggruen Olivier Rolena Adorno William Twaddell, Chairman 2017-18 Board Governors of communities around world. the available to researchers and program resources make these open-access policy, and digitization residential research fellowships, Library’sThe events, exhibitions, first half the of nineteenthcentury. ofdecades European print to the supporting materials from early the manuscripts,books, maps, and on early the Americas includes rare since 1901.Its world-class collection 1846 and located at Brown University and humanities, the established in center for advanced research inhistory The JohnCarter Brown is a Library All of excitingAll these changes, bringing acollaborative spirit of to all our And what began as anovel experiment inearly environmental has history Beatrice and Julio Mario Santo Domingo Director and Librarian Center for Study the of Slavery and Justice. JCB has allowed staff, researchers, and guestcurators to engage ininnovative May 31-June 3,2018, and to timed coincide with amajor conference on Looking forward,Looking we are excited to welcome our researchers back to Library’s of Board Governors, our researchers, staff, Library and broader years. This whichplan, outlines our ambitious goals forthecoming years, is Omohundro Institute for Early American History and Culture and Brown’s Providence for next year’s JCB Jamboree –currently scheduled for Focusing on collaborative endeavors is only one of Library’s the aspect ways with our insisting while collection, on relevance the of to history which developed into an ambitious engagement digital program page 4). (see quality publication and touring exhibitions are works inthe –as well as discussed on following the discussed page. Elaborated incloseconsultation with the endeavors, are palpable within our community. We forward look to sharing constituencies on Hill College and beyond, process this followed on the collection, includingcollection, projects related to indigenous studies, environmental Neil Safier result of intense discussions and assessment of institution the over several recent times, thanks to agrant from Andrew the W. Mellon Foundation, understand our own current environmental challenges. Afuture museum- now blossomed into abona fide program. Withthree exhibitions under our strategicnew plan, ratifiedthispast MayBoard the Governorsby of and a neighborhood. grant from Joukowsky the Family Foundation, we were able to offergrants maritime and history studies slavery organized that be will jointly with the more activities year this on worlds watery the of early the Americas. money for proposals that have probed ways new of using Library’s the studies, and and visual material culture studies. Thanks to a generous sharing unshaped freely, ideas we were able to bring whole the project an important member of our JCB community. activities with students, faculty, and institutional partners inour immediate alive…” JCB-Brown the Likewise, Collaboration Grants provided seed LETTER FROMTHEDIRECTOR heels of what was perhaps most the thorough assessment ofin Library the the monthsthe and years to come. In meantime, the thank you for beingsuch resultsthe of collective research this and passionate enthusiasm with you in to several Brownto several University collaborators across campus, our furthering the Reading Room. Asthe one group put it, “by reading and working together, text, project, or theme, have brought additional and energy creativity to belt, and more activities on way, the on series Four the Elements at the JCB, we importance inthe believe of and evidence the Our researchOur program continues to thrive and grow. differently, however, would simply – andfalse be the at It has become something of acommonplace since on counts all that busy it time! avery has been New collaborative fellowships, where two or more my as arrival Director of JCB the to remark upon scholars come to to work Library the on aparticular sanctity of historical the record. Hence, my insistence how of has late. been active Library the To say any WE’VE GOT A (STRATEGIC) PLAN! NEWS ver the course of the past three years, the JCB has been engaged in what Ois perhaps its most significant self-assessment ever undertaken. Thanks to a generous grant from the Mellon Foundation, the Library has welcomed dozens of outside specialists and consulted a broad range of its constituencies to move the Library forward with a five-year plan. Ratified last May, we are now well on our way to bringing the plan to fruition, thanks to robust efforts on the part of our staff and the support of our wider community. The five-point plan comprises five distinct areas that will move the Library firmly into the 21st century. These include: Using Digital Technologies to Enable Enhanced Access to the Collection; Pursuing Integrative Themes for Scholarly Engagement and Programming; Expanding Our Community through Institutional and Educational Outreach; Reconfiguring and Better Managing Library Resources; and Finding New Constituencies and Emphasizing Stewardship to Support the Library’s Revitalized Mission. Highlights among these pillars include revamping our online presence (see following page for more information on our Mellon-sponsored digital engagement project) and connecting with national and international partners to share our programs with an ever-widening audience. In addition to the five principal goals, which will be spelled out in detail over the course of the coming years, the Library also established a series of institutional values that guide the JCB’s broader activities. These values include: fostering and encouraging community and collaboration at all levels; emphasizing accessibility, inclusion, and openness; prioritizing preservation and sustainability for future generations in all its decisions; respecting institutional traditions but supporting adaptation, innovation and flexibility where appropriate or required; and recognizing the Library’s institutional autonomy as a benefit to its mission as well as that of Brown University. Finally, the Board of Governors also created a revitalized mission statement for the Library: By preserving, expanding, and providing enhanced access to its world- renowned collection, the John Carter Brown Library inspires scholarship, stimulates innovative and creative engagement with its materials, and connects communities around the world to the history and culture of the early Americas. The staff of the Library looks forward to working with and on behalf of the Board of Governors and all of our constituencies to ensure that tangible progress is made on all of these important goals in the coming years.

Engraved plan by Robert Montgomery representing proposed fortified town of Azilia to be part of a prospective colony between the Savannah and Altamaha Rivers in present-day Georgia, in A brief account ... of Azilia. (London?, 1717).

inJCB 1 A WARM WELCOME TO NEW STAFF

he JCB is thrilled to have three impressive scholars join the JCB staff this Tyear, and it is our pleasure to ask each of them introduce themselves to the JCB community. NEWS

Bertie Mandelblatt of plantation slavery, and that scrutinizing patterns in George S. Parker II ’51 Curator of Maps and Prints food provisioning, subsistence crises and the solutions that were sought to alleviate them reveals fundamental I am both aspects of how plantation slavery arose and developed. a historical geographer of As a practicing geographer of the Atlantic world, I am the early modern particularly keen to help animate the Library’s dynamic Atlantic world intellectual life and to provide concrete and constructive (PhD, University assistance to researchers visiting the JCB. I look forward of London, 2008) not only to working with JCB Fellows to find materials whose research in the JCB’s map and print collections relevant to their focuses on the research, but also – crucially – to assisting them in first French understanding the considerable potential of cartographic empire in the materials to rethink the intellectual parameters of their Caribbean, and a research projects. trained librarian with experience working with Ross Mulcare cartographic Assistant Director for Digital Engagement materials in university libraries and special collections. and Discovery I have taught courses in historical cartography at the Before coming to University of Toronto, where I trained undergraduate the JCB, I worked students to analyze historical European and Amerindian at the Harvard maps of the colonial Americas to understand what University they reveal about spatial visual representation, political Archives, where power and empire in the early modern period. In I split my 2013, I co-organized a conference, “Placing History, time between Historicizing Geography: a Cross-disciplinary Dialogue developing on the Relations between Geography and History”, at exhibitions and the University of Toronto that brought geographers and working on the historians across Canada, Britain and the United States Colonial North to discuss the tight methodological and intellectual American Project, interconnections between the two disciplines. a multi-year I am currently finishing a book based on my doctoral project to digitize dissertation entitled “Feeding Slavery: Empire and Food and make in the French Atlantic.” In my research, I reconstruct available all of the contested histories of subsistence, food provision the seventeenth- and eighteenth- century materials held and food consumption from the beginning of French in all Harvard libraries and archives. In 2016, I organized colonization in the Antilles in the 1620s, up until a conference to bring together librarians, archivists, the French and Haitian Revolutions of the 1780s and scholars, and technologists to answer the question 90s. I argue that questions of subsistence lay at the “What’s Next?”; in other words, now that we have all of heart of the spatialities and broad political economy this valuable material digitized, what do we do with it? How do we make it accessible and engaging for different

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audiences? After working with the dozens of participants Stijn van Rossem at the conference, it became increasingly clear to me that Curator of European Books many institutions are facing this exact question at the I am a historian moment, and that finding good answers will be no with a keen small feat. interest in The JCB is the ideal laboratory for thinking about ways the history of to facilitate the generation and sharing of knowledge, the book. My because in some ways it prefigures the promises of the dissertation at internet, namely that the open exchange of information, the University of regardless of borders, will make for a better informed Antwerp focused and, ultimately, more just world. John Carter Brown and on the publishing later the Library as an institution collected information strategies of from across the world, bringing together disparate texts the Verdussen and traditions, putting them side by side, with the idea family, printers that exploring these materials in relation to one another in Antwerp from allows for a better understanding of the world and the 1589 to 1689. I place of the Americas in the wider world. am currently completing a The JCB has digitized roughly twenty percent of its postdoctoral fellowship to study the Low Countries collection, and while thousands of people have used collections at the Institute of Historical Research at the the digitized books, maps, and illustrations, there is University of London. I am also working on a collection much more to do. A generous grant from the Andrew guide to highlight the history, content, and research W. Mellon Foundation is making it possible for the opportunities of the collection. At the same time, I have Library to develop an entirely new platform for finding, been organizing a series of conferences and talks in viewing, and working with the Library’s materials online. collaboration with different partners to highlight the Using digital tools, I will be connecting our materials importance of Low Countries collections in the London with researchers of all types—academics, students, area. I am also a visiting professor at the School of Arts teachers, and anyone else across the world who has an in Ghent, where I teach courses on the history and theory interest in the history of the lands and cultures of the of graphic design. In addition, I am a visiting professor Americas. Our new platform will engage each of these in book history at the Plantin Typographic Institute in communities on their own terms—we will provide a Antwerp. In 2014, I chaired an international conference curated experience for those who desire it, reflecting the for the Society for the History of Authorship, Reading extensive knowledge and expertise of the staff and fellows and Publishing held in Antwerp and I served as director at the Library. We also will provide a way for people to of the Museum of Letters and Manuscripts in Brussels curate and share materials in ways that best serve their in 2013. interests, which will undoubtedly be surprising, exciting, and enlightening. My true introduction to the John Carter Brown Library came in 2015, when I was a William S. Reese/John Alden Memorial Fellow. During my fellowship, I researched the editorial strategies of printers from the Netherlands during the ancien régime, especially regarding the internal book trade, trying to reconstruct the trade networks between Europe and America, the identity of the many intermediaries involved, and readership of Low Countries books in the New World.

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NEWS

The JCB is exploring tools new to fostercollaboration around collections. its digital in LIBRARY RECEIVESMAJORMELLONFOUNDATION GRANT FOR DIGITAL ENGAGEMENT JCB T Assistant Director for Engagement Digital and Discovery. The JCB is At core the of project this term-appointment is anew at Library: the The secondThe component the is acknowledgement of broader “curatorial University and beyond. and University Library stands toLibrary push poised its investment digital and infrastructure even years of as aself-proclaimed experience “techie”, develop he will anew engagement and discovery. andcollection experiment platforms with new and forms new of digital of JCB the of Board Governors) and to institutional the commitments of Harvard the University Archives, to occupy inaugural this position (see extremely to have pleased hired for position this Ross Mulcare, formerly communities,” including professional scholars throughout world the as well grant to JCB the to move beyond static web images of its extraordinary duringundertaken tenure the of former JCB Director Ted Widmer. Today, the multiply sizeof the our curatorial team that so researchers and general the further. In June 2016, Andrew the W. Mellon Foundation awarded a$575,000 simply curiosity about JCB’s –the materials. Ultimately, our is goal to as enthusiasts and community members have who vested interests in–or and librarians, research fellows, and digitally-minded colleagues from Brown profile pageon 2). With a Ph.D.from in American history Harvard and public can contribute to ongoing conversations about our collection. platform that showcase will our materials, collaborating with JCB curators he interms JCB has of long of its ahead curve presence the digital been – thanks largely to leadership the of David Rumsey (longstanding member Two conceptual components were English, and eventually other virtual presencevirtual of our materials direction to readers of levels of all curators, fellows, and extended of knowledge deep the of our to developmentcritical the of the engagement, may wherever they be readers and researchers. goal Our research community to provide increases comprehensibility of our is to provide information that in the world.in the To that end, we will funded proposal.funded The first,“curated for outreach digital to ensure the materials and offers interpretive soon be hiring an be assistantsoon curator an to enhanced off-site experience access,” means advantage taking throughout web, the inSpanish, languages as well. well. as languages

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JCB in St-Domingue ; sur les manoeuvres manoeuvres les ; sur St-Domingue par un Créole blanc et propriétaire de de propriétaire et blanc Créole un par (Paris, 1791). (Paris, 15 mai du décret Lettre du Cap, du 18 juillet 1791, écrite 1791, écrite 18 juillet du Cap, du Lettre employées pour empêcher l’exécution du du l’exécution empêcher pour employées bishop” of Blois, a leading figure figure a leading Blois, of bishop” pages worth!), tobacco, guaiacum, tobacco, worth!), pages to attempted Assembly the Haitian pharmacopoeias. It includes entries entries includes It pharmacopoeias. ardent abolitionist. It describes a It abolitionist. ardent in France, debated Hotly autonomy. sarsaparilla, and more. While not not While more. and sarsaparilla, it also specificAmericas, to the the to (Haiti) Saint-Domingue for chocolate, cochineal, quinine (ten (ten cochineal, quinine chocolate, for mercury in medicine. in planter creole a white from used metals such as iron and and iron used as metals such includes sections on how people people how sections on includes an and Revolution, in the French colonial decree that granted full granted that decree colonial of certain to persons civil rights also colonial increased and color, par un Créole blanc et propriétaire propriétaire et blanc Créole un par de St-Domingue; sur les manoeuvres manoeuvres les sur St-Domingue; de 1791). (Paris, 15 mai du décret du employées pour empêcher l’exécution l’exécution empêcher pour employées Lettre du Cap, du 18 juillet 1791, écrite 1791, écrite 18 juillet du Cap, du Lettre This pamphlet reprints a letter letter a reprints This pamphlet A decree civil granting rights in Haiti Abbé Grégoire, “constitutional and presented some of the Library’s the Library’s of some presented Physisch- The this topic. on treasures pharmacopeias. These materials this map – a manuscript rarity for for rarity – a manuscript this map a portion – captures the region of map this extraordinary purchasing actively engaged in commerce and and in commerce engaged actively fellows helped us make the case for the case make for us helped fellows is a strong addition to the JCB’s the JCB’s to addition a strong is including Jewish settlements, were were settlements, Jewish including conflict. inter-imperial all ails you Drugs that for recently retired Curator of European European of Curator retired recently extensive of Central European Central European of extensive exhibition “Drugs from the Colonies: the Colonies: from “Drugs exhibition collection of materia medica of collection of the coast where communities, communities, where the coast of JCB former and Current contraband. were of particular interest to our our to particular of interest were weighing in at nearly therapeutische, nearly in at weighing therapeutische Erläuterung aller aller Erläuterung therapeutische Books, whose Landis, Dennis 2011 Joseph Bosing’s Physisch- Bosing’s Joseph (Vienna, 1796) (Vienna, Arzneymittel jener The New World Medicine Chest” Medicine Chest” World New The 400 pages, has been has called pages, 400 the most

hen a rare book catalog a rare hen arrives at the JCB, Library the JCB, at arrives

traders in the early eighteenth eighteenth in the early traders there are many more, we are delighted delighted are we more, many are there recent most our of a few share to a theater of conflict conflict between the of a theater additions here: here: additions and potential research value. Though Though value. research potential and Spanish Coast Guard and Dutch Dutch and Coast Guard Spanish la Costa de Caracas (en las Yndias Yndias las (en Caracas de Costa la staff members immediately to set immediately members staff northern coast of Venezuela shows shows northern coast Venezuela of Perez (Caracas ?, 1727). (Caracas Perez other striking visual characteristics, striking visual characteristics, other century. With stunning graphic graphic stunning With century. curators assess each item’s rarity, fit fit rarity, item’s each assess curators of interest to our researchers. Always Always researchers. our to interest of detail of a battle between ships and and between ships a battle detail of If you’re heading to the Caribbean… heading to you’re If within the scope of the collection, the scopewithin of working within a finite budget, the budget, a finite within working work to scour its contents for items items for contents its scour to work Domingo Antonio Perez, Plano Perez, Antonio Domingo y descripcion de un Segmento de de Segmento un de y descripcion Occidentales) desde el Cauo de Cauo desde el Occidentales) by Domingo Antonio Antonio Domingo . . . by Caracas de Costa la de Segmento un de y descripcion Plano IMPORTANT ADDITIONS TO THE JCB’S COLLECTION THE JCB’S TO ADDITIONS IMPORTANT (Caracas?, 1727). This map of the map 1727).(Caracas?, This

Codera hasta la punta de las Tucacas la punta hasta Codera W 6

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A pilgrim’s progress (inits second The pilgrimage focused The aroundpilgrimage focused the in Originally publishedOriginally and in1791, delay decree’s the promulgation. An digital form.digital image of of Lady Our Xuquila is important addition to Library’s the edition) near-peerless Haitian it collection, is available to scholars inphysical and the thirdthe largest inMexico today. known inonly one other copy (at the JCB Tea, Brandy and Strong-Waters (London, 1706). ( Joseph Manuel Daniel Duncan, Wholesome Advice Against the Abuse of Hot Liquors, Particularly of Coffee, Chocolate, ​Mexic Ct, 1796 City, o de la Portentosa Imagen de Nuestra Manuel Ruiz yCervantes’s Memorias Mexico), second this edition of José Senora de Xuquila, (Mexico, 1796) Biblioteca inMonterrey, Cervantina Following first the edition, greatthe engravings second inthis edition is much more rare and interesting miraculous survival of anmiraculous image survival of and includes adevotional novena. that there should two copperplate be the Virginthe during Mary afire in 1633, than first. the the It describes bibliographer Joseph Sabin indicated ​ Ruiz yCerva ​) ​. ntes, ​ ​Memor ias de la Portentosa Imagen de Nuestra Senora de Xuquila... An bonus: added copy this has the five! (Two maps, a folding view of Berkeley’s BancroftLibrary. who ruled Mexico ruled who from 1864-1867, with vast the majority –though were disbursed at auction in1869, clearly not –going all to UC- currentlycollection at JCB. the These joining fourteen others from that as well. But JCB’s the copy includes the shrine,the coat the of arms of the bookplate of Emperor Maximilian, book’s patron, and herself). Lady the ​ COLLECTIONS 7

JCB in

Internet Archive: archive.org/details/JohnCarterBrownLibrary. Internet Archive: archive.org/details/JohnCarterBrownLibrary. be delighted to discuss donation options with you, including endowment be delighted to discuss donation options with bibliophiles certainly experience. Nevertheless, will miss the tactile the Libraryof the JCB on to immerse yourself in the digital world invites you Explore the gorgeous JCB images on Luna at: jcb.lunaimaging.com. Explore the gorgeous JCB images on Luna Communications and Program Development at (401) 863-3914. She would Communications and Program Development includes images of the cover, endpapers, marks, bindings, and pages. In endpapers, marks, bindings, cover, includes images of the [email protected] or call Christy Law Blanchard, Associate Director of [email protected] or call Christy Law is approximately twenty percent of the more than 50,000 items in its of the more than 50,000 twenty percent is approximately maps, and political cartoons. Initially developed to provide digital access to were to examine the actual copy in the MacMillan Reading Room, although actual copy in the MacMillan Reading Room, were to examine the works of art, the Luna platform quality. highest the of images displays century. If you would like to support this important effort,century. please email (some taken from books) and includes collections on early American images, and includes collections on early American (some taken from books) collections. Painstakingly photographed and edited to the highest standards, the highest standards, and edited to Painstakingly photographed collections. our digitization staff reproduce each item in its entirety. The digital copy each item in its entirety. our digitization staff reproduce version includes everythingother words, the digital see if you you would and planned giving opportunities that can provide permanent funding streams for the Library’s digitization program. digitization streams for the Library’s and download on the Luna Image Archive. Luna contains single images Luna Image Archive. Luna contains single and download on the John Carterbuilt his Bibliotheca Americana in the nineteenth Brown Donna Dorvick, rare book digitization technician, carefully scans an item item an scans carefully technician, book Dorvick, digitization Donna rare full scribe frame scanner. the JCB’s on THE JCB COLLECTIONS ARE JUST A CLICK AWAY JUST A CLICK COLLECTIONS ARE THE JCB The JCB is building its digital library today for universal benefit, just as The Library single images available for viewing also has more than 15,000 This May, the Library item, which digitized its 10,000th announced it had This May, joins joins

Acuerdo Acuerdo s de Someruelos’s by contributing to our dedicated dedicated our to contributing by belonged to the noted eighteenth- the noted to belonged blood temperature, causing sickness sickness causing blood temperature, this copy is its provenance: it once once it provenance: its is this copy the faculty at Montpellier, argues argues Montpellier, the faculty at hot of consumption excessive that helping strengthen our collections collections our strengthen helping have made these purchases possible possible these made purchases have produce. Although printing began began printing Although produce. the wider Caribbean, Mexico, and and the wider Caribbean, Mexico, still Although States. the United had virtually collapsed due to the to virtually due had collapsed acquisition funds over time – and time – and over funds acquisition against smallpox. smallpox. against and death. Particularly interesting in interesting Particularly death. and a small but growing collection of collection of growing a small but and increase productivity and and productivity increase and came regulations rum. These and when Spain trade with a point at announces new regulations on on new regulations announces maintaining many restrictions, the restrictions, many maintaining new rules sought to relax protective protective relax new to rules sought in England to inoculate his patients patients his inoculate to in England in 1705. The author, a physician on physician a author, The in 1705. in Cuba in 1722, it only began to to began only in 1722, it in Cuba Napoleonic Wars and Cuba was was Cuba and Wars Napoleonic century English physician, Dr. Dr. physician, century English drinks would lead to an increase in increase an lead to drinks would colonial trade laws, promote trade, trade, promote trade laws, colonial coffee exports, particularly sugar, we are deeply grateful to them for them for to grateful deeply are we desperate to find an outlet for its for outlet an find to desperate flourish in in 1754.The Acuerdo flourish Generations of JCB enthusiasts enthusiasts JCB of Generations year after year. Daniel Duncan’s Wholesome Advice Duncan’s Daniel de las autoridades sobre comercio comercio sobre de las autoridades Marqué Cuban imprints at the JCB. the JCB. at imprints Cuban Cuban agriculture and trade with tradewith and agriculture Cuban (Havana, 1809) (Havana, extranjeros con (London, (London, Strong-Waters and Brandy (especially the Library’s Associates) Associates) (especially the Library’s Trading with foreigners with foreigners Trading (and Cuban rum) Cuban (and Particularly of Coffee, Chocolate, Tea, Tea, Chocolate, Coffee, of Particularly 1706) was first published in French French in published first 1706) was Thomas Frewen, among the earliest the earliest among Frewen, Thomas And for the over-caffeinated… for And Against the Abuse of Hot Liquors, Liquors, Hot of Abuse the Against 8

COLLECTIONS

TREASURE AT ATIME JCB MAPSREVEALNEWWORLDS,ONECARTOGRAPHIC T in when displayed.when Don Diego Garcia-Conde’s extraordinary map, Plano General de la Ciudad de Mexico, covers an entire table Reading Room inthe and prepared for online. viewing As individual maps are become available catalogued, will they for digitization reach. with JCB the to facilitate map’s the at sale aprice that was within Library’s the inches by six feet, eight inches. The New York dealer MartayanLan worked came on market, the it is extraordinarily large, measuring fivethree feet, mapdetailed to its collections for many years. Though it occasionallyonly from Pine the Tree Foundation. The JCB had wanted thisto add impressively Mexico (1807), amap JCB the recently acquired with generous assistance horizonOn the is Diego Garcia-Conde’s Plano Ciudad General la de de were likely bound together around 1683 inLondon. thirty-five printed maps,from varioussources, dating from 1629-1683,which BlathwaytAtlas, the contained therein. In an exciting development, Rich has recently cataloged bibliographical citations and justifications forthe information and assertions “writing historical asmall essay” inmachine-readable format, complete with ofLibrary Congress to “hidden” catalog these maps. her She work describes as Rich,Allison rare cataloger book at JCB, the has completed training at the our reading room. byonly accessed be scholars searching patiently through after in book book its Since maps these books. are not cataloged individually, however, can they ofcollection standalone maps, it never intentionally separated its maps from Foundation (Washington, maintains While Library the DC). an impressive assistance of Pine the Tree Foundation (New York) and Luther the I.Replogle JCB the hiddenthe treasures inits map thanks to collection, generous the he JCB exciting is taking steps to allow scholars some to of unearth acomposite atlas consisting of manuscript thirteen and This map of Venezuela by Willam Janszoon Blaeu was originally published extended catalogrecord. the Blathwayt Atlasthe is one of fascinating the maps bound in in Amsterdam 1629-1662.It between that now has its own

FINDING THE FOUR ELEMENTS AT THE JCB PROGRAMS eginning in 2015, the JCB Bembarked on an exciting new programmatic initiative to explore the early environmental history of the Americas. In its original conception, it took a relatively simple idea – the cultural significance of earth, air, fire, and water to the diverse populations of the Americas, from the continents’ earliest indigenous inhabitants to the last waves of European scientific explorers at the end of the colonial period – and examined the ramifications of human engagement with these elements as a window onto changing ecological relationships throughout the pre- contact and early modern periods. From the use of fire as an ecological tool by early Amazonian populations to the theories and diagrams of the German polymath Athanasius Kircher about what was imagined to lurk beneath the surface of the earth, distinct exhibitions at the Library have traced the history of the ideas humans have applied, over time, toward knowing and manipulating our natural environment. To date, three exhibitions have been shown at the Library in this series: “Subterranean Worlds: Under the Earth in the Early Americas” (curated by Heidi V. Scott, Spring This hand-colored engraved map by A. 2015); “Air America” (curated by Joyce Chaplin, Spring 2016); and “The Phérotée de La Croix depicts a celestial Americas on Fire” (co-curated by Jake Frederick and Junia Furtado, Spring globe with astrological constellations. 2017). A final exhibition on water is currently in the planning stages for From a Dutch translation of Simon de Spring 2018, with a possible additional exhibition on the celestial sphere Vries’s Nouvelle méthode pour apprendre and astronomy for 2019. In addition, the Library is planning to produce a facilement la géographie universelle (Amsterdam, 1705). museum-quality catalog with images and essays from all of these exhibitions – thanks in part to support from the Gladys Krieble Delmas Foundation – and is currently considering a touring exhibition to go along with this publication. The Library received a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to consider ways of manifesting the results of these exhibitions in digital form. Programmatic collaborations have also included annual events with the Institute at Brown for Environment and Society under the auspices of Earth, Itself, a four-year series of art/science collaborations, directed by Visiting Distinguished Professor Lenore Manderson, whose purpose is to highlight ways of understanding Earth, environmental change, knowledge systems, and policy, to address some of the most complex problems of our time.

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PROGRAMS in GULBENKIAN FOUNDATION SUPPORTS ENTANGLED HISTORIESSYMPOSIA JCB Velloso from his Fazendeiro do Brazil (Lisbon, 1806). Engraving of an indigo processing plant inBrazil by José Mariano Conceiçao da T and tamed by communities throughout Americas. the material, immaterial, cultural, political, and social, symbolic forces, wielded early environmental by history interrogating how fire and waterfunctioned as intellectual progress to date. This contributed meeting to our initiative in to plan agenda abold for coming the to decade consolidate scholarly and related to of history and the Iberian inthe science Iberoamerican worlds and junior and senior scholars to assess last the two of decades historiography Early inthe ModernScience Americas,” brought together more than twenty The firstsymposium, “Fire and Water: Entangled Histories of Empire and Silva Campos (CHAM, Lisbon). Diogo Curto Ramado (UNL,Lisbon), Iris Kantor (USP, Brazil), and da Rafael term fellows to Providence, including Antonella Romano (EHESS,Paris), As of part initiative, this has welcomed Library the short- and several long- continents. exchange, reciprocal dependence, and mutual influence across several exploring Portuguese empire-building as engine apowerful of cross-cultural processin the of European expansion Asia, to Africa, and Americas, the European The highlights proposalalso societies. Portugal as a playerkey together interconnected the histories of European empires with non- respectively, symposia held inSeptember of 2017 and fall 2018 the bring With on afocus histories Iberian of and science early ethnography, modern comingin the years on “entangled the histories” of early empires. modern Foundation, hosting be two JCB major the will international conferences hanks to amulti-year grant Calouste from Gulbenkian Lisbon-based the

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Studies” in 2014, the JCB has steadfastly promoted scholarship about about scholarship promoted steadfastly in 2014, has the JCB Studies” ince announcing “The Early Americas: A New Initiative in Indigenous Indigenous in Initiative New “TheAmericas: A Early announcing ince lively discussion. lively prose in all its subtlety, but also the but subtlety, in all its prose pursued their colonial ambitions. ambitions. their colonial pursued peoples of southern and central central and southern of peoples hemispheric histories of Amerindian Amerindian of histories hemispheric annihilation as the Portuguese the Portuguese as annihilation at the JCB were Marcela Echeverri (Yale), Rebecca Goetz (NYU), Hal Echeverri (Yale), Marcela were the JCB at slavery, native resistance and and resistance native slavery, Scholars considered the challenges the challenges considered Scholars subjugation, and in some cases in some and subjugation, missionaries, settlers, and crown crown and settlers, missionaries, from Rio de Janeiro. Discussion Discussion Rio Janeiro. de from the focused the Tupi-Guarani, on Settler Society, and the Portuguese Colonial Enterprise in South America”. America”. in South Colonial Enterprise the Portuguese and Settler Society, resilience, and Afro-indigenous Afro-indigenous and resilience, in the themes central were relations, region’s emergence as the “granary” of Brazil. Brazil. of the “granary” as emergence region’s Native American cultures. Late last summer, the JCB hosted a workshop to to a workshop hosted the JCB summer, last Late cultures. American Native officials whose texts provided much much provided whosetexts officials material. source the author’s of of translating not only Monteiro’s Monteiro’s only not translating of came at the Library’s invitation invitation the Library’s at came Negros da da Negros Monteiro’s John the late of University, State Montclair at History of writings of the colonial chroniclers, chroniclers, the colonial of writings discuss a forthcoming translation by Barbara Weinstein, Silver Professor of of Professor Silver Weinstein, Barbara by translation discuss a forthcoming Professor Associate Woodward, James and University, York New at History Federal Fluminense, retired), retired), Fluminense, Federal Participating alongside Weinstein and Woodward in the day-long workshop workshop in the day-long Woodward and Weinstein alongside Participating Paulo and places the exploitation of indigenous labor at the heart of the the heart of at labor indigenous of the exploitation places and Paulo Guaianá, the Kayapó and other other and the Kayapó Guaianá, originally published in published originally Paulo, São de origens nas e bandeirantes índios terra: Director Neil Safier. Maria Regina Celestino de Almeida (Universidade Maria Regina (Universidade de Almeida Celestino Safier. Neil Director Brazil who suffered dislocation, dislocation, who suffered Brazil Langfur (SUNY Buffalo), Brett Rushforth (University of Oregon), and JCB and Oregon), of (University Rushforth Brett Buffalo), Langfur (SUNY Brazil in 1994. The working English title is “Blacks of the Land: Indian Slavery, Slavery, Indian of the Land: “Blacks is title English working The in 1994. Brazil Monteiro’s first doctoral student, student, doctoral first Monteiro’s IN BRAZIL CONFRONTING THE LEGACY OF AMERINDIAN SLAVERY SLAVERY OF AMERINDIAN LEGACY THE CONFRONTING The project’s implications for for implications project’s The

The book refigures the sixteenth- and seventeenth-century origins of São of origins and seventeenth-century sixteenth- the refigures The book S 12

EXHIBITIONS

• Investigador Portuguez em António Vieira) inconstructing Amazon presented Library’s the Building a Brasiliana a Building The Portuguez em Inglaterra em Portuguez The 1819. The 1811-February Investigador (volumes June XIII-XXIII), (volumes 1-XII)and T.C. Hansard (such as Simão de Vasconcelos and (including empires’ these respective in APRIL 2016 AMERICANA COLLECTION BUILDING ABRASILIANA:LUSOPHONELENSONTHEJCB’S Inglaterra, ou jornal literario, financed the by royal in court, exiled River region, and images of native Beginning with some ofBeginning the Lusophone collections. Recent Brazilians. Luso-Brazilian and books maps in politico, &c. H.Bryer London: Portuguese exploration inAsia demonstrated French and Dutch drew from some of Library’s the earliest geographical accounts of early of views and Rio Amazon the conversation with its other North of Native Brazilians, Dutch and on European Brasiliana, images Never to willing rest on its laurels, Northeastern Brazil), and showed indigenous populations inBrazil aboutideas native languages and important acquisitions have included invasions of de Janeiro Rio and segments highlighting early the Spanish of views Brazil, as well as strengths –inEuropean Americana, and Africa, the exhibition the and Africa, explored and Americas. the Items on display and South American materials. a Portuguese prism. Sections through collection the assessed histories of de Janeiro Rio and the histories of colonialism –and the workthe of Jesuit missionaries to digitize soon: followingthe items, which we plan JCBthe continues to invest inits onperspectives Brazilian territory travel literature, and comparative traditional bibliographical periodical published inLondonperiodical and JCB was a exhibition exhibition • Domingos Alvares Branco Correio Braziliense, 1812. Barreto’s militar Indice editaes promulgados oanno desde Rio de JaneiroRio due to Napoleonic the de 1752, atéde 1752, oanno de1810.Rio decretos, resoluçoes, estatutos, e Moniz Barreto. Indice militar de Brazilian independence. Naturally, todas as leis, alvarás, leis, todas as regias, cartas Haiti, and even Andrew Jackson on de Janeiro:de naImpressão Regia, including Argentina, Montevideo, in London, which advocated for invasion of 1807. The intent was and most the substantial book acquired acomplete set. and 23volumes and inall, JCB the and Monroe. It reached 92 numbers and published inAugsburg, 1730. ca. This engraved map of Brazil by MatthäusSeutter, is a redrawing of a map by Joan Blaeu the first the code, Brazilian military presidential by addresses Madison Treatythe with Chickasaw the and Guianas,the Venezuela, Mexico, to American subjects beyond Brazil, there are extensive articles related to counter periodical, liberal the

also published published also was Lisbon in1560. maritime laws and was published in canon, civil, criminal,contract, and This index of Portugueselaws included produced by the Impressão Regia A CURATORIAL JOURNEY CONCLUDES during its foundational period (1808-1821). It contains notes on WITH A ROUND-THE-WORLD TOUR EXHIBITIONS 588 laws, organized by subject and NOVEMBER 2016 – JANUARY 2017 in chronological order, and was deemed indispensable for military commanders and members of military tribunals. The compiler was a native of Bahia, and became one of the prime movers for the independence of Brazil. • Duarte Nunes de Leão. Repertorio dos Cinquo livros das ordenações com addições das leis extravagantes, dirigido ao muito Illustre Senhor Dom Francisco Coutinho, Conde do Redondo, Regedor da justiça deste Reino. Lisbon: per Joam Blavio de Colonia, 1560. This valuable and comprehensive index to all extant Portuguese laws sought to cover every relevant area: canon law, civil law, criminal law, contract law, and maritime law. There are multiple references to laws relating to slavery and the slave trade, upon which the Brazilian economy depended. Punishments for breaking some laws included life banishment to Brazil. In a rather morbid commentary on relative mortality, a later amendment stated that men between the ages of 18 and 50 who merited being sent to Brazil could be sent to toil in the Nicholas de Fer’s Carte de la Nouvelle France (Amsterdam: Gerard van Keulen, galleys instead, with two years in 1718) is a map of North America that was produced in two sheets (right side Brazil equal to one year as a galley shown) and is especially valuable for noting the historic locations of named slave. Those being sent to Brazil for indigenous peoples in parts of the current United States and Canada. life might spend ten years in the galleys instead. uring a 39-year career at the John Carter Brown Library, Dennis Landis, now Curator of European Books Emeritus, developed scores At present, we have more than D of exhibitions. But for his final show before he retired, Dennis curated an 1,700 items from these collections exemplary display of the Library’s treasures. accessible through Internet Archive. These include books, broadsides, Autour du Monde: France, the Americas, and the Globe explored France’s sermons, catalogs, poetry, and maps. signal achievements in North America and the nation’s less familiar Explore the JCB’s Portugal and Brazil settlements in Brazil, Guiana, the Caribbean, and the Falkland Islands. Collection here: https://archive.org/ Timed to commemorate the 250th anniversary of Louis-Antoine de details/jcbportugalbrazil. Bougainville’s circumnavigation, which departed France in 1766, the exhibition featured French voyages to the Pacific and around the globe, in addition to France’s eastward voyages and trade relations with Africa, Asia, and islands in the Indian Ocean. Autour du Monde showed how these early voyages abroad led to important changes in much of seventeenth-century Europe, changes that accelerated in the eighteenth century. New foods, beverages, medicines, and recreational plants led to social innovations in France, but these explorations also changed the lives of indigenous peoples as well, in the New World, in Africa, and across the Pacific, as global citizenship took on new meanings. Support for this exhibition came from continued on page 15

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THE VIBRANCYOFCLOISTEREDLIFE:WOMENPAGE in religious ritual. displayed sculptures of as part their across Spanish the world clothed and against sin the of idolatry, devout Catholics Although Catholic the Church cautioned meant clothed to be and adorned. depicts an “imagen de vestir”, asculpture Lady of Tzapopan (Mexico City, 1757) The engraving Miraculous Image of Our FEBRUARY –APRIL2017 JCB W To exhibition, digital the view visit: please jcbl.org/exhibitions/women-page. representations of religious women early inthe Spanish modern world. accounts of religious their journeys. Spanish inthe poems language, and innumerable women wrote powerful reform, Juana Sor Inés composed some Cruz de la of most the ingenious convent Teresa walls, of Ávila inaugurated her groundbreaking religious women opportunities to pursue vocations of spirit the and mind. the Within stricturesthe institutions these placedupon inhabitants, their gave also they early Spanish modern world, from Madrid to Mexico City and Manila. For all explored to convent call the life that drew women from throughout the omen of the Page: Convent Culture in the Early Modern Spanish World offeredframeworks new forconsidering and maps at hand, roundtable the participants lay sisters. With JCB manuscripts, imprints, professional religious women, novices, and fail to appreciate cultural the production of readings of early Catholicism modern often Women of the Page showed that contemporary interrogatedthose by exhibit; the together, themes presented at roundtable the reinforced Nancy (Queen’s van Deusen University). The and (Boston College), Rhodes Elizabeth Art), Ronda Kasl (The Metropolitan Museum of Tiffany (University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee), (MuseumCarr of Boston), Fine Tanya Arts, roundtable featured presentations by Dennis Department at Brown University, the Laura Chair Bass, of Hispanic the Studies and Librarian Neil Safier and moderated by Spanish world. Introduced by JCB Director of religious women early inthe modern that explored convent life and representations The exhibition opening featured a roundtable Wisconsin-Milwaukee. as Associate Professor at University the of and curated exhibition the from her post fellowship in2014-2015, Tiffany researched her National Endowment for Humanities the knowledgedeep of JCB the collections. After Tiffany’s as an historianart expertise and her The exhibitionfromgrew guestcurator Tanya

A FORMATIVE FORCE: A Curatorial Journey continued from page 13 THE AMERICAS ON FIRE a generous grant from the Florence EXHIBITIONS APRIL – JULY 2017 Gould Foundation. In May, during the Library’s annual meeting of its Association of urated by Jake Frederick and Júnia Furtado, The Americas on Fire Friends and Fellows, the entire JCB Cshed light on how the human experience of the Americas was always community celebrated Dennis’s shaped by fire. When Europeans first wrote about the culture of the career with a roundtable in his honor. Americas, they included within their descriptions ways that fire pervaded Library luminaries and former daily life: for heat, cooking, clearing land, and religious ceremonies. colleagues of Dennis shared their But as Europeans attempted to subjugate native inhabitants and admiration for his extraordinary their land, fire also came to serve as an instrument of coercion and a work, including: Terry Belanger, justification for depravity. Cannibalism among the native peoples of who had been a professor of Dennis’s the Americas shocked European observers, who grossly exaggerated its at Columbia University; Richard frequency. Such “savage” behavior helped Spanish conquistadors justify Ring, Head Curator at Trinity the violent conversion of native communities. Fire was also essential College’s Watkinson Library and for extracting wealth from the colonies. Tobacco and cacao were both former Reference and Acquisitions unknown prior to European contact, but through the application of fire, Librarian at the JCB; Norman each changed European practices in fundamental ways. Fiering, JCB Director and Librarian Emeritus; and Rolena Adorno, Of course, fire also symbolized the upheaval of revolution and served as Sterling Professor of Spanish at a tool of warfare. Fire represented unrest in the British North American Yale University and member of colonies and marked the transition of power from European to American the JCB Board of Governors. In hands in Haiti. In the exhibition’s final image, Haitian leader Henri addition to curating exhibitions Christophe stands before burning colonial buildings wielding power in and contributing to catalogs, he the form of fire. In the guise of a flaming torch, power was symbolically was co-editor, along with John E. passed – or, more accurately, wrenched – from Europe to the Americas. Alden, of six volumes of European To view The Americas on Fire digital exhibition, please visit: jcbl.org/ Americana: A Chronological Guide exhibitions. to Works Printed in Europe Relating to the Americas, 1493-1750. To commemorate his nearly four Manuel Lopez Lopez (designer decades of service to the Library, the and engraver). Cristobal comand. JCB presented him with a digital del Exercito recorre la ysla de bookplate for Botanica Curiosa S[an]to. Domingo[s] incendiando by Johannis Andreae Stisseri and y matando alos in felices colonos printed in Hamm, Germany in 1697. de ella, in Dubroca, Vida de J.J. Thank you, Dennis! Dessalines, gefe de los negros de Santo Domingo; (Mexico: En la officina de D. Mariano de Zúñiga y Ontiveros, 1806)

An indigenous deer hunt image found in ​ Samuel de Champlain’s Les voyages de la Nouuelle France occidentale, dicte​ ​Canada, faits par le sr de Champlain Xainctongeois, capitaine pour le roy en la marine du Ponant, & toutes les descouuertes qu’il a faites en ce païs depuis l’an 1603. iusques en l’an 1629. Paris: Claude Collet, 1632.

inJCB 15 SO WHAT’D I MISS?: LAFAYETTE, JEFFERSON, AND HAMILTON AT THE JOHN CARTER BROWN LIBRARY MAY – OCTOBER 2017

he Caribbean origins of Alexander Hamilton – and his contemporaries’ Tconnections to other parts of the globe – served as the jumping-off EXHIBITIONS point for this exhibition. Hurricanes and preachers, sugar plantations and the Federalist papers, sat side-by-side with battle maps of Yorktown and the philosophical musings of the man from Monticello. The exhibition’s title –“So what’d I miss?” – evoked the connections the scholars of the JCB piece together every day from historical materials in our collection. The exhibition traced Hamilton’s life from his birth in the British Caribbean colony of Nevis, through his education in trade, his encounters with the Marquis de Lafayette, and his political conflicts with Thomas Jefferson. In one of the more fascinating sections, documents showed Jefferson’s opposition to an independent Haiti (because he feared its instability would lead to further military conflict in the Caribbean), which conflicted with his stated support for abolishing slavery. The exhibition illuminated a different position for Lafayette, who wrote to George Washington in 1783 that he was interested in an “experiment to free the Negroes, and use them only as tenants”. His plantation in Cayenne (now French Guyana), not only provided education to slaves, but also paid them for their labor. The JCB chose to honor Brown graduate Daveed Diggs ’04 and the entire cast of Hamilton: The Musical by celebrating the power of retelling history through the creative arts. The exhibition brought Hamilton, Lafayette, Jefferson, and Bolivar together once again on the same revolutionary stage.

This map engraved by Vincenzo Coronelli and published in Paris in 1688, speaks to Alexander Hamilton’s Caribbean origins, as he was born in the British Colony of Nevis in 1755.

16 inJCB COLLECTIONS AND COLLABORATIONS FUEL NEW RESEARCH

ur fellows are amongst the world’s leading researchers in their fields, FELLOWS Oand they have a special knack for making discoveries that advance knowledge in a wide array of subjects. Here are a few samples of how these researchers spent their time at the JCB: Diogo Ramada Curto, Professor of the Faculty of Social and Human Sciences and Researcher at the IPRI at the University Nova in Lisbon (Portugal), spent his sabbatical year at the JCB as an R. David Parsons and Gulbenkian Foundation Fellow. His research project looked at the history of the South Atlantic World between the sixteenth and the mid-eighteenth centuries, underlining the role of Angola and Brazil and the centrality of slavery. He found enough evidence in the JCB collections to open his project to other geographical areas, from Rio de La Plata to Peru, and from the silver circuits of the Pacific Ocean to the more fluid frontiers of the Amazon River region. “A year at the JCB,” he said, “contributed not only to enlarging the geographical scope of my book project, but also to solidifying the need to R. David Parsons and Gulbenkian conduct a multilayered historical analysis of the South Atlantic World.” Foundation Fellow Diogo Ramada Curto

Alcira Dueñas, Associate Professor of Latin America History at Ohio State University, Newark, spent her time at the JCB working on a book project about micro-legal cultures of indigenous Andeans. A recipient of a nine- month Donald L. Saunders Fellowship, Dueñas “found things I did not expect to find – not only in rare books, but also in the reference collection – which has been really rewarding for the project.” By conversing with other fellows about the intersection of maps, digital humanities, and indigenous worlds, Dueñas confirmed many of her suspicions and added new chapters to her pathbreaking book about legal constructions of indigenous space in the Americas. Donald L. Saunders Fellow Alcira Dueñas

Marcy Norton, Associate Professor of History at the University of Pennsylvania, spent ten months at the JCB as a National Endowment for the Humanities and InterAmericas Fellow. Next fall, Harvard University Press will publish her book project on human-animal relationships in Europe and Latin America after 1492. She explained that the book focuses on two big questions: What does the history of human-animal relationships reveal about settler-colonial and indigenous communities in colonial America? And does the paradoxical nature of our present-day relationships with animals – e.g. the fact that “pet” animals are often treated like people, and the fact that livestock animals are viewed as food or commodities – originate in this era? Norton said that being a fellow at the JCB allowed several pivotal breakthroughs. A particularly exciting moment was finding a manuscript that described the National Endowment for the Humanities/ Peruvian Amazon in the eighteenth century. The writer noted that there were InterAmericas Fellow Marcy Norton certain kinds of monkeys that had “shaved” heads that the native peoples thought were “the devil.” Scientists today are still investigating the “bald” saki monkey (Simia pithecia) in that region.

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“These interactions“These completely changethe way youframe questions evenand Angeles, spent nine months at JCB the as aNational Endowment for the in rey Don Alonso el Nono, O’Toole had an “aha” moment, realizing that laws Danny Zborover, Assistant Director of Institute the for Field Research, Los Oaxaca, MexicoOaxaca, JCB inthe collections that contained description adetailed I’ve dug there,” he recalled. Humanities fellow. His research project looked at historical the archaeology Humanities fellowship. “Still fabulous this amazing this still collection, staff, returnedIrvine, to JCB the for asecond National Endowment for the of an indigenous town at of heart the his research. “Oh, Iknow place! this of indigenous territorial narratives inMexico. As an archaeologist, he had not O’Toole,Rachel in the collection. For collection. in the example, reading del siete while sabio partidas Las noted that having “sustained conversations with scholars from other of parts freedoms,uncertain long before era of the emancipation, from of ahistory manumission to an exploration of inheritance, family, and patronage. She also about are slavery really laws about kinship.transformed This discovery and areally great still place to work,” she said upon her return. Coming how you answer not them, just interms of data, and but methodology also had many opportunities to work with historians, but found that working in projecther book about how Africans colonial inthe Andes imagined their theory,” said Zborover. He found an eighteenth-century description of tandem with other JCB fellows from different disciplinestransformative. was world”the helpful, was very and awhole lot of fun. back as amore established scholar, she gave herself permission to wander JCB Associate Professor of History at University the of California, Fellow Danny Zborover National Endowment for Humanities the O’TooleFellow Rachel National Endowment for Humanities the REMEMBERING FIVE SPECIAL FRIENDS OF THE JCB IN MEMORIAM

This hand-colored engraving of a northern mockingbird and a pink dogwood tree by Mark Catesby (1683-1749) was printed in The natural history of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands (London, 1771).

Elena María Altuna Portuguese at Dartmouth College and in the Department of Literature at the National University of San Marcos (Peru). An eminent scholar in the field of colonial Andean studies, Altuna passed away in 2016. Her scholarship Adapted from a tribute by Vanina Teglia, a 2014-15 JCB- focused on colonial texts of the Southern Andes and GRISO fellow and Professor of Latin American Literature twentieth-century Latin American literature. Altuna was at the Universidad de Buenos Aires. the 2007 Maria Elena Cassiet fellow at the JCB. She was the author of El discurso colonialista de los caminantes, siglos XVII-XVIII (Ann Arbor, Mich., 2002) and Retórica Srinivas Aravamudan del desagravio: estudios de cultura colonial peruana Srinivas Aravamudan, Professor of English, Romance (Buenos Aires, 2009). She also co-edited Literatura e Studies, and the Literature Program and former Dean imaginario político de la colonia a nuestros días (Córdoba, of the Humanities at Duke University, passed away in 2007), with Amelia Royo. Altuna directed projects at April of 2016. He was formerly Director of the John the Research Council of the National University of Hope Franklin Humanities Institute and President of Salta and was National Secretary for Argentina of the the Consortium of Humanities Centers and Institutes. Andean Conferences of Latin American Literature. She Avarmundan was a National Endowment for the held appointments as Visiting Professor of Spanish and Humanities Fellow at the JCB in 2006-07. His research

inJCB 19 20

IN MEMORIAM

Alfredo C. Cassiet, M.D. C.Cassiet, Alfredo Tropicopolitans: Colonialism and Agency, 1688-1804 (Duke English: South Asian Religion in A Cosmopolitan Language Cosmopolitan A in Religion Asian South English: in University Press, 1999) won outstanding the first book Chile, Colombia,Chile, Mexico, Paraguay and Peru. This Chicago Press in2012. Maria Cassiet Elena Fellows grows ever larger, JCB the Museo Plata de La inArgentina. As scholarship the of Mexico and Irina Podgorny, Research Scholar at the Literature, postcolonial studies, and theory. literary Garcia, aPhD candidate inHistory de from Colegio El the Rise of the Novel, was published by University the of Fellowship and continued to add to it over years. the This For more than C.Cassiet, M.D. three Alfredo decades, was to saddened of learn Alfredo’s passing summer. this was published by Princeton University Press His in2006. In 1984, established they Maria the Cassiet Elena coming year, we forward look to welcoming Selena of JCB the and members of Association the of Friends remains grateful to Cassiet the family for its investment in bringing scholars from around world the to Library the its collections. Researchers have hailed from Argentina, gatherings of various JCB constituencies lovely intheir fellowship, forscholars specifically from the Spanish- Enlightenment Orientalism: Resisting Resisting most recent Orientalism: Enlightenment book, focused on eighteenth-centuryfocused British and French speaking countriesspeaking of Americas, the has brought more and Fellows, often fostering collegiality by hosting and wife Maria Cassiet Elena were stalwartsupporters home. Maria away passed Elena in2004 and JCB the to collections. inthe expand discovery than twenty-fivescholars the to JCB to do research in prize of Modern the Language Association Guru in2000. JCB

2011 by University the of Minnesota Press. She joined 2017, surrounded by loving family members whom she University, away passed of inOctober 2016. She was Janice Neri, Lee Professor of History Art at State Boise Read itRead here: blogs.brown.edu/jcbbooks/2013/01/09/. Janice Lee NeriJanice Lee Beyond,” about research their at experience Library. the Board ChairBoard Vartan Gregorian established alecture fund Danielle SkeehanDanielle on “The wonderfulblog a Mystery post, you, but you live on inyour enduring and JCB legacy in Europe context inthe of colonialism from about 1500 in Early Modern Europe, was published 1500-1700, in For brought Galletti three Sonia decades, sparkle aspecial what awonderful had life. been We Cheers, Sonia. miss Her The book, Insect and the Image: Visualizing Nature with Galletti’s own curious nature and interest deep inall of Silkworm: the Conversations Reading Room and inthe reviewed academic journal focused on expansion the academicreviewed focused journal of intelligence sorely be will missed. fund overfund years. the The annual lecture Galletti aligned fostered JCB connections to scholars and researchers San Marino, California. Her of sense humor and keen a fellow at JCB the in2007-08 and collaborated with asked, during her last days, atoast to with drink her to as aresearch associate at Huntington the in Library Galletti Sonia at inhonor Library the of Galletti. She and her husband, around world. the In 1993, then-Brown President and JCB the hearts of all who knew you. knew of who hearts the all the faculty at faculty the State Boise University in2004 afterserving processed and tracked subscriptions to Itinerario, to JCB. the As adedicated and engaged volunteer, she things historical. away passed Galletti Sonia on May 28, latethe Dr. Pierre generously M.Galletti to added the through 1950. Itinerario was an important conduit that a peer- a A FAMILIAL PASSION FOR RARE BOOKS AND MAPS

his spring, the MacMillan Reading Room – regularly occupied by STUDENTS Tadvanced researchers from around the globe – hosted scholars of a different ilk: high schoolers from the Lincoln School in Providence. These Lincoln students explored historical materials from the Library’s collection related to the Caribbean, as part of a pilot collaboration with Lincoln School and in anticipation of a week-long study-abroad trip to Cuba. One of the students, however, already had a personal connection with the Library. Camilla Ledezma, daughter of former fellow and long-time JCB friend Domingo Ledezma (Associate Professor of Hispanic Studies at Wheaton College), brought newborn Camilla for a visit to the Library over a decade ago. Domingo, then completing his dissertation at Brown University on Juan Eusebio Nieremberg’s Historia Naturae, was able to dedicate himself fully to his topic thanks to a year-long J.M. Stuart fellowship specifically for Brown graduate students. Following the Lincoln School’s official visit to the JCB, Camilla came back to the Library and did her own research alongside her father. She consulted an 1822 engraved map of Cuba and the Bahama Islands as well as a 1796 pamphlet that described methods for producing sugar in Havana’s factories, comparing the geographical, statistical, and historical information of the map with the text from the pamphlet. Domingo, who is currently researching the transatlantic networks that enabled the writing and publishing of natural history books, consulted Magnus Olaus’s Historia de gentibus septentrionalibus Cuba and the Bahamas Islands: Geographical, statistical, and historical map of (1555), which contains descriptions Cuba and the Bahama Islands (Philadelphia: Carey, Henry Charles. A complete and images of the people, geography, historical ... American atlas, 1822, no. 40). and customs of the Nordic region. Much like the fellows and researchers who eye their neighbors’ materials with great curiosity, Camilla was captivated by her father’s Historia de gentibus septentrionalibus. A student of Latin, Camilla was able to read the descriptions and, when paired with engravings, decipher their meaning. Domingo, in turn, took advantage of the opportunity to show Camilla how people communicated knowledge gleaned from empirical observations – in a classical language she studies today, four-and-a-half centuries later, at Lincoln. Camilla and Domingo Ledezma work side-by-side in the JCB’s MacMillan Reading Room.

inJCB 21 MAPS AND EMPIRES

aking advantage of a new Wintersession course option that allows TBrown undergraduates to explore innovative topics in a compressed three-week curriculum, Director and Librarian Neil Safier (who also holds a tenured appointment in Brown’s Department of History) took a group of ambitious, motivated students from an array of disciplines on a cartographic STUDENTS tour of the JCB’s collections. “Maps and Empires: A Cartographic Journey through the Early Modern World” explored maps as instruments of power and domination rather than value-free representations of territory, enabling students to question the place and use of maps in a broad array of fields, including social history, politics, and the literary and graphic arts.

Former JCB fellow Benjamin Schmidt and Director and Librarian Neil Safier explore the Library’s map collection with Brown undergraduates. Photo by Nick Dentamaro

A field trip to Boston allowed students to see two complementary collections: the Leventhal Map Center at the Boston Public Library and the Harvard Map Library. But the real highlight of the course were the frequent consultations with priceless items from the JCB’s collection, showcasing a range of formats and materials, and including such unique objects as the spectacular Agnese Atlas and the first map printed in North America, part of William Hubbard’s Narrative of the Troubles with the Indians (Boston, 1677). These close encounters with rare maps and atlases were once-in-a-lifetime experiences. “The past three decades have represented a genuine Renaissance in cartographical scholarship, and the JCB’s collections are a marvelous window onto some of the most extraordinary artistic and historical representations of our globe,” said Safier. “The students were able to follow these developments of maps and mapmaking over several centuries,” Safier continued. “But most importantly, they came to understand that maps are not accurate depictions of geographical reality, but instead a mapmaker’s vision of what that reality ought to be.”

22 inJCB GIVING 23

JCB in

is one of the earliest the earliest of one is Photo by David Linder Photography Linder David by Photo Celebration. Club the Union speaks at Smullyan Clint

fter attending the New York Antiquarian Book Fair on March 10, 2017, John John 10, 2017, March on Fair Book Antiquarian York New the attending fter Carter Brown Library supporters and friends gathered at the Union Club in Club the Union at friends gathered and Library supporters Carter Brown been an outstanding advocate for the for advocate been outstanding an progress the Library has made in this regard. To thank Clint for all that he has has he all that for Clint thank To in this the regard. Library made has progress the Library, attendees generously donated donated generously attendees the Library, programs. programs. time at the JCB conducting research in in research conducting the JCB time at particular given has and collections the the JCB Board of Governors, he has has he Governors, Board of the JCB the JCB collections is a mission that that a mission is collections the JCB Smullyan, Clint honoree, the dinner’s the unique source for three treatises by the ancient Greek mathematician. In his his In mathematician. Greek the ancient by treatises three for source the unique books and rare digitizing case for impassioned an made Noel the JCB, talk for has long supported. As a member of of a member As supported. long has support to the Library’s digitization digitization the Library’s to support fascinating discussion about the importance of digitization. While at the Walters the Walters at While digitization. of the importance about discussion fascinating friends and colleagues alike came together to honor his commitment to the to commitment his honor to together alikecame colleagues friends and more than $55,000 to further the JCB’s further $55,000 to than the JCB’s more mother. He has made it possible for 37 for possible it made has He mother. making them available to the public without charge. charge. without the public to them available making grammars the Library holds. the Library holds. grammars generously established the Library’s establishedgenerously the Library’s international program to conserve, image and study the Archimedes Palimpsest, study and conserve, image to program international it available to researchers around the world. Please see page 7 for more about the about more Please see 7 for page the world. around researchers to available it Bibliotheca hispanica the Bibliotheca and dictionaries, early to relate New York City to honor one of the Library’s most stalwart supporters, Clinton Clinton supporters, stalwart most the Library’s of one honor to City York New of Governors has been unparalleled in the recent history of the institution, and and the institution, history of in the been recent has unparalleled Governors of especially in his honor. It is a fitting tribute since Clint’s own collecting interests own collecting interests since Clint’s tribute a fitting is It especially honor. in his efforts to digitize the collection and make make and to digitize collection the efforts I. Smullyan, Jr. Clint’s extraordinary leadership as a member of the JCB’s Board the JCB’s of a member as leadership extraordinary Clint’s Jr. I. Smullyan, done, the Library presented him with a digital bookplate inserted on the digital inserted on a digital with bookplate him the Library presented done, In support of Clint’s outsized support of of support outsized Clint’s of support In For the occasion, William Noel, Director of the University of Pennsylvania’s Kislak Kislak Pennsylvania’s of the University of Director Noel, William the occasion, For (London: 1591) by Richard Perceval, digitized Perceval, Richard version by 1591) (London: hispanica of Bibliotheca Digitizing and sharing these images of of these images sharing and Digitizing Library. Library, its mission, and its future. He He future. its and mission, its Library, first named fellowship, the Barbara S. the Barbara fellowship, named first Museum, Noel applied digital technologies to manuscript studies and directed an an directed and studies manuscript to digital technologies applied Noel Museum, Mosbacher Fellowship, in honor of his his of in honor Fellowship, Mosbacher Center for Special Collections, Rare Books & Manuscripts, treated guests to a to guests treated Special Collections, Books Rare for Center & Manuscripts, CELEBRATING ONE OF THE LIBRARY’S FINEST FRIENDS: FINEST FRIENDS: THE LIBRARY’S ONE OF CELEBRATING CLINT SMULLYAN CLINT

(and counting!) research fellows to spend spend to fellows research counting!) (and A 24

GIVING

the JCBthe during her fellowship. Eddinssources consulted that Crystal at du Roy, 1791)was one of important the au-Prince: Mozard, Chez imprimeur civile, économique et littéraire (Au Port- Gazette de Saint Domingue, :politique, in JCB ASSOCIATE EXTRAORDINAIRE MEET MORDECAIK.ROSENFELD: ASSOCIATES FELLOWSHIPSAT THE JCB JCB “The “The JohnCarter Brown Library Associates Fellowship provided me a much- C Access to Library’s the holdings digital made her research stay even more and the Courrier Nationale de Saint Domingue. Ifound runaway several Runaways, and Haitian the Revolution” investigates influence the of Africa- Fellows. Her dissertation, “African Action: Diaspora Collective Rituals, dissertation writing,” she added. revolt prior to mass the uprisings of summer Printed 1791. manuscripts by againstrulings enslaved rebels liberated who themselves and conspired to invaluable for me as I have returned to Lansing, East Michigan to complete inspired sacred rituals on oppositional consciousness and patterns of escape needed opportunityneeded to become intimately familiar with arange of primary from JCB the Haiti are Collection and digitized available online has been once sheLibrary.the leftfruitful that“The fact many these of materials from enslavement leading decades inthe up to Haitian the Revolution. sources on my topic,” she said. “While inresidence at JCB, the Ianalyzed advertisements to add to my existing dataset, and proclamations of court thanks to generous the contributions of Association the of Friends and travelers, leaders, and military religious figures were importantalso sources.” like Gazette the de Saintperiodicals Domingue, Les Affiches Americaines, M which totals nearly $50,000 –acommitment of enduring legacy! grateful for Mordecai K.Rosenfeld’s longstanding and generous support, and fund his book kept up with his membership dues. is Library deeply The Judaica in2011. collection Since Rosenfeld then, has regularly augmented Fund accession. He was asponsor also of an exhibition featuring Library’s the New York Pocket Almanac, Americanthe Revolution. In purchased Library the 2006, Thomas Moore’s Britain and British America, British law, constitutional law, history, legal and Acquisitions Fund at JCB. the It supports purchase the of relating books to through early the In 2000s. 2005, he established Mordecai the K.Rosenfeld faceted project, “Jews and Expansion the of Europe”, pursued mid-1990s inthe Rosenfeld’s love of written the word to led his support of JCB’s the multi- and his fifth, “Mozart as Lawbreaker”, bescheduled is to published shortly. 22 years for New the York Law Journal. He has published four of books essays, as an essayist,time, he served writing monthly pieces on law and literature for establishing himself as asuccessful solo-practitioner litigator. At same the Aftergraduating from Brown,Rosenfeld went to LawSchool, later Yale members of JCB’s the Association of Friends and Fellows. richnessthe of Library’s the holdings and is now one of most the devoted are) forbidden inarare Nevertheless, library! book over time, he discovered until heLibrary that learned pensand the he favored ink were (and still of Mordecai 1951), wanted resources to the use of John the Brown Carter rystal Eddins, aPhD candidaterystal American Studies inAfrican &African and Sociology at Michiganand Sociology State University, spent at last fall JCB the since 1970 –that is, for years! 47 As aBrown undergraduate (Class ordecai K.Rosenfeld amember has and been supporter of Library the

1772, as inaugural the Mordecai 1772, K.Rosenfeld Book GIVING

Martha Joukowsky characteristically characteristically Joukowsky Martha the for enthusiasm her demonstrating Randall Hank by Photo JCB. to support young scholars

Photo by Hank Randall Hank by Photo Safier. Neil Director JCB and Arte Joukowsky PAR EXCELLENCE: PAR

laques in the W. Duncan Duncan in the W. laques honor Room Reading MacMillan BENEFACTORS BENEFACTORS ARTEMIS A. W. AND MARTHA SHARP JOUKOWSKY AND MARTHA W. A. ARTEMIS

the generosity and commitment of of commitment and the generosity who have benefactors and patrons both the physical shape helped the of the mission and space those burnished of One Library. the deep acknowledges emblems Artemis of engagement abiding and Sharp Martha and Joukowsky A.W. in equals few who have Joukowsky, Their the JCB. to their dedication enabled has commitment enduring significant and projects major Most the Library. at acquisitions Family the Joukowsky recently, to a grant provided Foundation JCB-Brown the Library’s support Grants. Collaboration Board of Arte served the Library’s 25 years, of a member as nearly For Chancellor as also time he which University served during Brown Governors, accomplishments important themost of Some Emeritus. Chancellor and the Caspersen which wing, of the addition include tenure Arte’s during a building and materials, rare the Library’s for secure stacks includes of the Library in perpetuity. work the support to endowment significant in opening generosity been Martha’s has Arte and important Equally as and lectures, gatherings, innumerable for aficionados JCB to their home the Library’s to adding and community and friendship fostering celebrations, community. intimate extraordinary, P with once-in-a-lifetime career-building opportunities at the JCB. with once-in-a-lifetime career-building To donate by mail, please make your check payable to the John Carter Brown Library and send it to: To Association of Friends and Fellows John Carter Brown Library Box 1894 Providence, RI 02912-1894 To join online, please visit: jcbl.org/giving To PLEASE JOIN OR RENEW YOUR MEMBERSHIP WITH THE WITH THE PLEASE JOIN OR RENEW YOUR MEMBERSHIP ASSOCIATION OF FRIENDS AND FELLOWS OF ASSOCIATION EVENTS IN 2017–18 Providence, Island Rhode 02912 1894 Box John Brown Carter Library Karen Kupperman, Jennifer Anderson and Joyce Lorimer at 2015Jamboree. the but save please date the meantime: inthe May 31-June 3,2018. Stay tuned for more information at jcbl.org/events-publications/jamboree, of early America and amuch-beloved colleague to many of us. tribute andhistory aspecial to late the Daniel Vickers, apreeminent historian Thursday, Maywith 31, a panels number around of special focused maritime enslaved migrations within Americas, the but commence activities the will on centerpiece of our Jamboree ajointly be will sponsored conference exploring exploringseries early the environmental of history Americas. the The around theme the of water, fourth the and final element in our FourElements American History and Culture (celebrating year its inJune, 75th 2018!) Thistime around, we are teaming withtheup Omohundro InstituteEarly of able be towill attend! presentations, convivial conversation, and delicious sustenance. We hope you 2015, we are planning days several and evenings packed with fascinating and former fellows to our second official JCB Jamboree. in As the case was The JCB looks forward to welcoming members Library’sthe of Associates MAY 31-JUNE3,2018 JOIN USAT THEJAMBOREE!

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