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Skrifter015.Pdf (8.430Mb) Results of the Norwegian expeditions to Svalbard 1906-1926 pubJished in other series. (See Nr. 1 of this series.) The results . of the 1906 P r i n c e of Mona c o's expeditions (Mission I s a c h sen) in and 1907 were published under the title of 'E x P l o rat i on d u Nor d - O u est duS P i t s ber g e n tre p rise s o u sle s a u s i c e s A. P deS. S. I e P r i n c e deM o n a c o p a r I a M iss i o n Is achsen', in Re sultats des Campagnes scientifiques, Albert ler, Prince de Mo naco, Fase. XL-XLIV. Monaco. ISACHSEN, GUNNAR, Premiere Partie. Recit de voyage. Fase. XL. 1912. Fr. 120.00. O ISACHSEN, GUNNAR et ADOLF H EL, Deuxieme Partie. Deseription du champ d'operation. Fase. XLI. 1913. Fr. 80.00. A OL 1914. HOEL, D F, Troisieme Partie. Geologie. Fase. XLII. Fr. 100.00. SCHETELIC, JAKOB, Quatrieme Partie. Les formations primitives. Fase. LXIII. 1912. Fr. 16.00. RESVOLL HOLMSEN, HANNA, Cinquieme Partie. Observations botaniques. Fase. XLIV. 1913. Fr. 40.00. A eonsiderable part of the results of the ISACHSEN expeditions in 1909 and 1910 has been published in Videnska psselskapets Skrifter. I. Ma t.-Naturv. Klasse. Kristi a n i a (O s I o). ISACHSEN, GUNNAR, Rapport sur I'Expedition Isachsen au Spitsberg. 1912, No. 15. Kr. 5,40. ALEXANDER, ANTON, Observations astronomiques. 1911, No. 19. Kr. 0,40. GRAARUD, AAGE, Observations meteorologiques. 1913, No. 1. Kr. 2,40. HELLAND· HANSEN, BJØRN and FRIDTJOF NANSEN, The sea west ofSpitsbergen. 1912, No. 12. Kr. 3,60. ISACHSEN, GUNNAR, The hydrographic observations. 1912, No. 14. Kr. 4,20. HOEL, A. et O. HOLTEDAHL, Les nappes de lave, les voleans et les sourees thermales dans les environs de la Baie Wood au Spttsberg. 1911, No. 8. Kr. 4,00. GOLDSCHMIDT, V. M., Petrographisehe Untersuehung einiger Eruptivgesteine von Nord­ westspitzbergen. 1911;. No. 9. Kr. 0,80. BACKLUND, H., Uber einige Olivinknollen aus der Lava von Wood-Bay, Spitzbergen. 1911, No. 16. Kr. 0,60. HOLTEDAHL, OLAF, Zur Kenntnis der Karbonablagerungen des westliehen Spitzbergens. I. Eine Fauna der Moskauer Stufe. 1911, No. 10. Kr. 3,00. Il. Allgemeine stratigraphisehe und tektonisehe Beobaehtungen. 1912, No. 23. Kr. 5,00. HOEL, ADOLF, Observations sur la vitesse d'ecoulement et sur I'ablation du Glacier Lillieh1i1ik au Spitsberg 1907-1912. 1916, No. 4. Kr. 2,20. VEGARD, L., L'influence du sol sur la glaeiation au Spitsberg. 1912, No. 3. Kr. 0,40. ISACHSEN, GUNNAR, Travaux topographiques. 1915, No. 7. Kr. 10,00. GUNNAR ISACHSEN has also published: Gret:!n Harbour, in Norsk Geogr. Selsk. Aarb., Kristiania, 1912-13, Green Harbour, Spitsbergen, in Seat. geogr. Mag., Edinburgh, 1915, and, Spitsbergen: Notes to aeeompany map, in Geogr. journ., London, 1915. All the above publieations have been eolleeted into two volumes as E x p edit i o n Is achsen au Spitsberg 1 909-1 910. Re sultats seientifiques. I, Il. Ch ri­ stia n i a 1 9 1 6. D 1911-1914 As the resnlt of the expeditions of ADOLF HOEL and ARVE STAXRU the following memoir has been published in Videnska p sse lskapetsSkri ft er. I. Ma t.­ Naturv. Klasse. HOEL, ADOLF, Nouvelles observations sur le distriet volcanique du Spitsberg du Nord. 1914, 5 No. 9. Kr. 2, 0. The following topographical maps have been published separately: Bjørnøya (Bear Island). Oslo 1925. Seale l: 25 000. Kr. 10,00. Bjørnøya (Bear Island). Oslo 1925. Seale I: 10 000. (In six sheets.) Kr. 30,00. A 1 preliminary edition of topographical maps on the seale of : 50 000 eovering the regions around lee Fjord and Bell Sound, together with the map of Bear Island, seale l: 25000, is published in: Svalbard Commissioner [K ristianSindba ll e], Report eoneerning the claims to land in Svalbard. Part I A, Text; I B, Maps; Il A, Text; Il B, Maps. Copenhagen and Oslo 1927. Kr. 150,00. DET KONGELIGE DEPARTEMENT FOR HANDEL, SJØFART, INDUSTRI, HANDVERK OG FISKERI NORGE S SVALBARD- OG ISHAVS- UNDER SØKEL SER LEDER: ADOLF HOEL SKRIFTER OM SVALBARD OG ISHAVET Nr. 15 GUNNAR HORN AND ANDERS K. ORVIN: GEOLOGY OF BEAR ISLAND WI TH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE COAL DEPOSITS, AND WI TH AN AC�OUNT OF THE HI STORY OF THE ISLAND OSLO I KOM MISJON HOS JACOB DYBWAD 1928 - I Nr. 15 GEOLOGY OF BEAR ISLAND WI TH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE COAL DEPOSITS, AND WITH AN ACCOUNT OF THE HISTORY OF THE IS LAND BY GUNNAR HORN AND ANDERS K. ORVIN WITH 9 PLATES AN D 70 TEXT FIGURES he mineral resources of Svalbard consist chiefly of extensive coal deposits. Coal has been shipped from Spitsbergen since 1907, and Tthe yearly export now amounts to about 300,000 tons. Within the borders of Norway proper there exist no coal deposits of commercial value, and the coal fields of Svalbard are therefore of great importance to the country. In this publication series there has already been published a general description of Svalbard coal (HOEL, ADOLF, The Coal Deposits and Co al Mining of Svalbard. Oslo 1925). The present publication on the geology of Bear Island is the first of a series of monographs of the various coal-fields. In 19 19 the Norwegian Government became financially interested in the Bjømøen A. S., a Stavanger company operating a coal-mine on Bear Island, through advances against coal deliveries given in order to help the company to finish its development. work. In 1922 it was decided by the Department of Trade and Industry, by authority of the Storting the same year, that an accurate topographical and geological survey, with special regard to the coal deposits and their workability, should be carried out. The Norwegian Svalbard Expeditions were entrusted with the planning and execution of this work. The plans were examined by the Government Coal Committee, whose members were : B. STUEVOLD­ HANSEN, Chairman, A. K. HILLESTAD, Hj. BATT, and LUDV. FOLTMAR, Secretary, and were finally approved of by the said Department. In the summers of 1922 and 1923 the island was topographically mapped on the scale of 1 : 10000. Special large-scale maps of certain more important parts of the island, such as the mining areas, were also prepared. In 1922 Prof. W. WERENSKIOLD did geological reconnaissance work. In 1924 a few small remaining areas were mapped by the topo­ graphers, and the survey was finished. A topographical map on the scale of I : 10 000 (in six sheets), and a general map on the scale of l : 25 000 were published in 1925. The geological work was done in 1924 and 1925 by the authors of this paper assisted by H. MARSTRANDER. Hitherto there has existed no general summary of the history of Bear Island, and, as it is closely connected with the coal deposits and the development of the mining industry, a brief account of its discovery and history is attached to this pa per. The paper also contains a fairly complete list of publicgtions dealing with the history and the geology of the island. Oslo, May 15, 1928. ADOLF HOEL Contents. Page Page Preface .......................... XI Sections of Boreholes ........ .. 83 Introductory ..................... Qu ality of Coals .. .. 94 Geography ....................... 2 Coal Reserves . .. 98 Topography . 2 Fireclay . .. 99 Va lleys and Rivers............. 4 Minerals ....... 101 Lakes ..... ............ ........ 5 Mining .......................... 102 Coast . 6 Drilling . .. 108 Landsli ps . 8 History of Bear Island ............ 1 11 Surface ....................... 10 Probable Norse Discovery in the Soil ......... ................. 12 Middle Ages ..... ......... .. III Frozen Ground ................ 12 Dutch Discovery, and Dutch and St ra tigraphy ................ ...... 12 Eng1ish Hunting in the 16th and Hecla Hoek ............ .. 12 17th Centuries........... .. 111 Devonian .......... ......... 17 Russian Hunting in th e 18th Cent. 113 Culm ..................... .... 22 Norwegian Hunting in the 18th Middle Carboniferous .. .. 28 and 19th Centuries and Keil- U pper Carboniferous .. .. 31 hau's Vo yage in 1827 ......... 113 Triassic . 33 Scientific Expeditions in the 19th Structure . 36 and 20th Centuries .......... 118 Post-Triassic History .. .. 42 Scientific Investigations, Ex ploita- J urassic-Tertiary . .. 42 ti on of the Coal Deposits, and The Qu aternary Period ......... 44 Hunting in the 20 th Century .. 120 Coal Deposits .................. .. 57 German Activity ........... 120 Devonian . .. 57 Russian Activity ........... 126 The Misery Series ........ .. 57 Norwegian Activity ......... 127 The Tunheim Series ..... 70 Summary ..................... ... 14 1 Culm ....... ................. 79 Literature ................ ... 145 Illustrations. Figure Page l. Map showing ice limits in the mo nth of August . 2 2. Miseryfjell seen from the southwest . .. 3 3. Auks in Hambergfjellet .. 4 4. Section of Ymesdalen from south to north .... 5 5. Section of El lasjøeq . ... .... ...... .. 5 6. Fugleodden at Tunheim . 6 7. Engelske Staur on the northeast coast . 7 8. Taggen.................................... .. .............,. 8 9. Old graves in Nordhamna ................... ....................... 9 10. Perleporten, Kapp Kolthoff .................... ...... 9 11. Sylen (The Awl) .................................................... 10 12. Old land slips on the west side of Ymesdalen ............ ........... Il 13. Ptarmigan on the rocky northem slope of Mi seryfj ell . ...... ..... ...... Il 14. Southem pro rnontory of Bear Island....................... .. 14 15. The gap of Kvalrosselva, near Sørhamna . ............ ...... ....... 15 1 6. Sandstone, Hec1a Hoek, south of Miseryfjell ... .. ........... ......... 16 17. Southem end of Mi seryfjell .' . ...... .. 19 18. Boreholes and s�ctions from Mi seryfjell . .. ................ 20 19. Se ction fro m El lasjøen to Tunheim ..... .. ................... 21 20. Devonian sandstone .......................................... ....... 22 21. Drilling at the southem end of Hausvatnet ........................... 23 22. Section through the Mi ddle and Lower Carboniferous series on the north side of Land nørdingsvika ........................................ 24 23. Breccia of Culm sandstone .......................................... 26 24. White Culm sandstone .............................................. 27 25.
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