DOCSLIB.ORG

Kees Classification of Urine Fistulas

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Kees Classification of Urine Fistulas obstetric trauma surgery art and science VHWWLQJVWDQGDUGVE\HYLGHQFHEDVHGSUDFWLFH comprehensive training manual based on ILQGLQJVDQGRXWFRPH REVWHWULFILVWXODWUDXPDUHFRQVWUXFWLYHSURFHGXUHV SRVWJUDGXDWHWUDLQLQJ GRFWRUVQXUVHVDQGRWKHUSHUVRQV the one and only risk factor of obstetric fistulas poor obstetric care due to a failed system all the rest is political blah blah blah deliberate lies and fake news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³FRPSOHWH´GRFXPHQWDWLRQRIHDFKSURFHGXUHDQGUHVXOWVDVWRKHDOLQJDQGFRQWLQHQFH E\HOHFWURQLFUHSRUWVZLWKSDUDPHWHUVRYHUSUHLQWUDSRVWRSHUDWLYHGLJLWDO SKRWRJUDSKVDQGDFRPSUHKHQVLYHGDWDEDVHDVSHUVRQDOH[SHULHQFHRYHUD\HDU SHULRGIURPXSWLOOQRZ DVVXFKLWLVFRQVLGHUHGWREHDIXOOVFLHQWLILFHYLGHQFHEDVHGUHSRUWWKRXJKLWKDVQRW IROORZHGWKH³\RXSHHUPHLSHHU\RX´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³QRQH[LVWLQJ´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¶V LQFUHDVLQJ LQVLJKWLQWRWKHWKHRUHWLFDOEDFNJURXQGDQGWKHUHOHYDQWVXUJLFDOVROXWLRQV DQGRYHUDOOWKRVH\HDUVRIVXUJHU\DQGWUDLQLQJLWUHVXOWHGLQWRWKLVIXOO\HYLGHQFH EDVHGHGLWLRQLQRUGHUWRH[SODLQILUVWWKHVFLHQFHDQGWKHQWKHDUWLQRUGHUWRKHOSRWKHU VXUJHRQVLQDV\VWHPDWLFVXUJLFDODSSURDFK DVSUHVHQWHGQRZDVRQHWH[WERRNRXWRIWKHVHULHVREVWHWULFWUDXPDVXUJHU\ DUWDQGVFLHQFH WKHPDQXDOGHDOVZLWKWKHEDVLFVRIIXQFWLRQDOSHOYLVDQDWRP\DQGSK\VLRORJ\GHVFULEHV WKHHQRUPRXVYDULHW\RIWKHREVWHWULFWUDXPDSUHVHQWVDVFLHQWLILFFODVVLILFDWLRQDQG RXWOLQHVWKHSULQFLSOHVRIWKHFRQVHUYDWLYHDQGUHFRQVWUXFWLYHVXUJHU\PDQDJHPHQWDV EDVHGXSRQDYHU\SHUVRQDOHYLGHQFHEDVHGH[SHULHQFH WKHFRQWHQWVSUHVHQWWKHPLQLPXPWKHRUHWLFDOUHTXLUHPHQWVEHIRUHSUDFWLFDO WUDLQLQJLVVWDUWHG WKHDXWKRU DSULO 3 table of contents IRUHZRUG LQWURGXFWLRQ LQWURGXFWLRQ ZKDWLVQHHGHG HVVHQWLDOVYYIUYI WKHREVWHWULFILVWXODDFRPSOH[WUDXPD HVVHQWLDOVSHOYLVDQDWRP\ FRPSOH[REVWHWULFWUDXPD PHFKDQLVPREVWHWULFWUDXPD FRPSOH[REVWHWULFWUDXPD REVWHWULFQHXURORJLFWUDXPD REVWHWULFWUDXPDHQGRSHOYLFGLDSKUDJP XURJHQLWDODQGGLJHVWLYHSURODSVH KLVWRU\WDNLQJ PDQDJHPHQWRIWKHREVWHWULFXULQHILVWXOD PDQDJHPHQWYYI FODVVLILFDWLRQRIYYI VXUJLFDOSULQFLSOHVYYIUHSDU LPPHGLDWHPDQDJHPHQW FDWKHWHUSURWRFRO ILVWXODVIRUEHJLQQHUV SRVWSDUWXPOHDNLQJXULQHZLWKRXWILVWXOD SRVWUHSDLULQFRQWLQHQFH WRWDOXWHUXVSURODSVH PDQDJHPHQW RIWKHREVWHWULFVWRROILVWXOD PDQDJHPHQWUYI FODVVLILFDWLRQRIUYI VXUJLFDO SULQFLSOHVUYI UHSDLU VSKLQFWHUDQLUXSWXUH VWRROIODWXVLQFRQWLQHQFHZLWKRXWVSKLQFWHUDQLUXSWXUH JHQHUDOPDQDJHPHQWGRFXPHQWDWLRQHWF LPSRUWDQFHRUDOIOXLGV SRVWRSHUDWLYHLQVWUXFWLRQV HFODPSVLD HTXLSPHQW DQG LQVWUXPHQWV DQHVWKHVLD EODGGHUVWRQHV GRFXPHQWDWLRQ LUUHSDLUDEOHILVWXODVLQFRQWLQHQFHEDKDQ\D LUUHSDLUDEOHILVWXODVFKDUDFWHULVWLFVSURWRFRO NHHVQHRYDJLQDUHFRQVWUXFWLRQ SUHYHQWLRQ SULPDU\ VHFRQGDU\ WUDLQLQJ FXUULFXOXP WUDLQLQJFXUULFXOXP IRU GRFWRUV JXLGHOLQHVWUDLQLQJ WRSLFUHODWHGZRUNVKRSV DEEUHYLDWLRQV LQWURGXFWLRQ WKHFRPSOH[REVWHWULFWUDXPDFRQWLQXHVWREHDFKDOOHQJHWRVXUJHRQVDOORYHU WKHZRUOGLQWKHGHYHORSLQJDQGLQWKHLQGXVWULDOL]HGFRXQWULHV LQWKHLQGXVWULDOL]HGZRUOGLWLVWKHXULQHDQGVWRROLQFRQWLQHQFHZLWKSURODSVHZKLOVWLQWKH GHYHORSLQJZRUOGDOVRWKHVHWRJHWKHUZLWKWKHREVWHWULFILVWXOD WKHSUREOHPLVWKDWWKHIXQFWLRQDOSHOYLVDQDWRP\LVKLJKO\FRPSOLFDWHGWKH PHFKDQLVPVRIDFWLRQDUHQRWZHOOXQGHUVWRRGDQGWKHUHTXLUHGUHFRQVWUXFWLYHVXUJHU\ VNLOOVDUHQRWRSWLPDO IRUDV\VWHPDWLFSXUSRVHILUVWWKHDQDWRP\WKHIXQFWLRQDODQDWRP\DQGWKHXULQHDQG VWRROFRQWLQHQFHPHFKDQLVPVKDYHWREHVWXGLHGDVEDVLFVFLHQFH WKHQWKHPHFKDQLVPRIDFWLRQRIWKHREVWHWULFWUDXPDZLOOEHH[SODLQHGLQUHODWLRQWRWKH GLIIHUHQWGHIHFWVUHVSRQVLEOHIRUORVVRIWKHIXQFWLRQDODQDWRP\ IROORZHGE\DQH[WHQVLYHHVVD\DERXWWKHREVWHWULFILVWXODDVEHLQJRQO\RQHDVSHFWRI WKHHQRUPRXVYDULHW\RIWKHREVWHWULFWUDXPD EDVHGXSRQWKHDPRXQWRITXDQWLWDWLYHDQGTXDOLWDWLYHWLVVXHORVVRIWKHFRQWLQHQFH PHFKDQLVPVDQHYLGHQFHEDVHGVFLHQWLILFFODVVLILFDWLRQIRUXULQHDQGIRUVWRROILVWXODVLV SUHVHQWHG WKHLPPHGLDWHPDQDJHPHQWLVKLJKOLJKWHG ODVWO\WKHVXUJLFDOSULQFLSOHVIRUWKHGLIIHUHQWW\SHVDUHRXWOLQHGVSHFLILFVWHSE\VWHS VXUJLFDOWHFKQLTXHVZLOOEHSUHVHQWHGLQGLIIHUHQWERRNV DFWXDOO\RQO\LIWKHVXUJHRQPDVWHUVWKHDUW VFLHQFHRIWKHREVWHWULFWUDXPDDQG UHFRQVWUXFWLYHVXUJHU\ V KHZLOOEHDEOHWRGHDOFRQILGHQWO\ZLWKWKLVFRQGLWLRQ UHFRQVWUXFWLYHVXUJHU\PHDQVRQHRQO\UHFRQVWUXFWVWKHIXQFWLRQDODQDWRP\QRWKLQJ PRUHDQGQRWKLQJOHVVDQ\WKLQJWKDWLVQRWLQOLQHZLWKWKHIXQFWLRQDODQDWRP\ZLOORQO\ PDNHWKLQJVZRUVHWRROLWWOHLVKDUPIXOEXWWRRPXFKLVKDUPIXODVZHOO WKHSKLORVRSK\RIUHFRQVWUXFWLYHVXUJHU\LVWKDWRQFHWKHIXQFWLRQDODQDWRP\KDVEHHQ UHVWRUHGXQGHUSK\VLRORJLFVWUHVVWKHQRUPDOSK\VLRORJ\ZLOOEHHQVXUHG LWLVJRRGWRNHHSLQPLQGWKDWWKHVXUJHRQFDQQRWKHDOWKHUROHRIWKHVXUJHRQLVWR UHVWRUHWKHIXQFWLRQDODQDWRP\E\EULQJLQJWKHULJKWW\SHRIWLVVXHWRJHWKHUWRWKHEHVWRI KLVNQRZOHGJHVNLOOVH[SHULHQFHDQGFRQVFLHQFHDQGWKHQOHDYHLWWRWKHHQRUPRXV UHJHQHUDWLYHSRZHURIQDWXUHIRUKHDOLQJ WKHDXWKRU DSULO 7 what is needed before a start is made RQHKDVWRPDVWHUWKHFRPSOLFDWHGIXQFWLRQDODQDWRP\RIWKHSHOYLVWKHSHOYLVRUJDQV DQGWKHSHOYLVIORRU RQH KDV WR XQGHUVWDQG WKH IXQFWLRQDO DQDWRP\ DV LQWHUDFWLRQ EHWZHHQ WKH GLIIHUHQW VWUXFWXUHVLQRUGHU WR XQGHUVWDQG WKH SK\VLRORJ\ RI WKH XULQH DQG VWRRO FRQWLQHQFH PHFKDQLVPV LQ WKH IHPDOH RQHPXVWEHDEOHWRLGHQWLI\WKHLQGLYLGXDOVWUXFWXUHVRIWKHIXQFWLRQDODQDWRP\LQWKH OLYLQJIHPDOH ZKLFKLVGLIIHUHQWIURPWKHSRVWPRUWHPDQDWRP\LQWKHGHDG RQHKDVWRVWXG\DQGXQGHUVWDQGWKHPHFKDQLVPRIDFWLRQRIWKHREVWHWULFWUDXPDZKDW LWGRHVWRWKHIXQFWLRQDODQDWRP\RIWKHLQGLYLGXDOVWUXFWXUHVDQGPDVWHUWKHHQRUPRXV YDULHW\RIOHVLRQV RQHPXVWEHDEOHWRLGHQWLI\DQGDVVHVVWKHLQGLYLGXDOREVWHWULFWUDXPDGHIHFWVLQWKH OLYLQJIHPDOH RQHPXVWVWXG\XQGHUVWDQGDQGPDVWHUWKHPHFKDQLVPVRIDFWLRQRIXULQHDQGVWRRO LQFRQWLQHQFHDQGRISURODSVHLQWKHIHPDOH WKHQRQHPXVWPDNHDSODQRIDFWLRQKRZWRUHFRQVWUXFWWKHIXQFWLRQDODQDWRP\DV FXVWRPL]HGWRWKHLQGLYLGXDOILQGLQJVDQGQHHGV RQH PXVW PDVWHU WKH SULQFLSOHV RI JHQHUDO J\QHFRORJLF XURORJLF FRORUHFWDO DQG UHFRQVWUXFWLYHVXUJHU\DQGVLQFHWKHYDJLQDLVQHYHUVWHULOHDOVRWKHSULQFLSOHVRIVHSWLF VXUJHU\ RQHPXVWXQGHUVWDQGDQGUHVSHFWWKHQDWXUDOWLVVXHIRUFHVLQVLGHWKHKXPDQERG\ RQHPXVWPDVWHUWKHSK\VLRORJLFKHDOLQJSURFHVVHVLQRUGHUWRSURPRWHWKHHQRUPRXV QDWXUDOKHDOLQJSRWHQWLDORIWKHKXPDQERG\ SUHIHUDEO\RQHXQGHUJRHVDSUDFWLFDOWUDLQLQJZLWKDVWHSE\VWHSDSSURDFKZKHUHWKH EDVLFVNLOOVDUHGHPRQVWUDWHGLQRUGHUWROHDUQWKHVHVNLOOV WKRXJKWKHVNLOOVFDQEHGHPRQVWUDWHGDQGEHSUDFWLFHGVWHSE\VWHSXQGHUVWULFWVXSHU YLVLRQWKHUHLVQRDXWRPDWLFWUDQVIHURIWKHVHVNLOOVDQGWKHXOWLPDWHUHVSRQVLELOLW\IRUDQ\ VXUJHU\UHVWVXSRQWKHSHUIRUPLQJVXUJHRQ WKHGHFLVLYHIDFWRULQVXUJHU\LVWKHVXUJHRQ 8 HVVHQWLDOVYYIUYI YYI YHVLFRYDJLQDO ILVWXOD DQ DEQRUPDO FRQQHFWLRQ EHWZHHQ WKH EODGGHU DQG WKH YDJLQDDXULQHILVWXOD UYI UHFWRYDJLQDOILVWXODDQDEQRUPDOFRQQHFWLRQEHWZHHQWKHUHFWXPDQGWKHYDJLQD DVWRROILVWXOD FDXVHV D SUHVVXUHQHFURVLVGXHWRREVWUXFWHGODERUWKHREVWHWULFILVWXOD E VXUJHU\K\VWHUHFWRP\FROSRUUKDSK\FHVDUHDQVHFWLRQ F PDOLJQDQF\ G UDGLDWLRQ H WUDXPD I FRQJHQLWDOPDOIRUPDWLRQ J LQIHFWLRQ PDLQFDXVHLVSURORQJHGREVWUXFWHGODERU WKRXJKWKHREVWHWULFILVWXODKDVGLVDSSHDUHGIURPWKHLQGXVWULDOL]HGZRUOGLWLVVWLOO YHU\ SUHYDOHQW LQ WKH GHYHORSLQJ ZRUOG DQG DFFRXQWV IRU RYHU RI DOO WKH ILVWXODVZRUOGZLGH V\PSWRPV YYI FRQWLQXRXVOHDNLQJRIXULQHWKUXWKHYDJLQDKRXUVDGD\ZKLFKFDQQRW EHVWRSSHGRUFOHDQHG UYI LQWHUPLWWHQW SDVVLQJ RI VWRROV IURP WKH YDJLQD ZKLFK FDQ EH VWRSSHG XQOHVVGLDUUKHD DQGFOHDQHG VRFLDODFFHSWDQFH WKHUHIRUHWKHSDWLHQWZLWKDYYILVVRFLDOO\IDUOHVVDFFHSWDEOHWKDQWKHSDWLHQW ZLWKDUYI VRFLDOPHGLFDODQGPHQWDOLPSOLFDWLRQV LQDIULFDLWPHDQVWKDWWKHYYISDWLHQWLVRVWUDFL]HGIURPKHURZQFRPPXQLW\DQG KDVWROLYHDVDQRXWFDVWZLWKSURJUHVVLYHGRZQJUDGLQJPHGLFDOO\VRFLDOO\DQG PHQWDOO\ LQFLGHQFH SHU WKRXVDQG GHOLYHULHV ZKHUH WKHUH LV QR HDV\ DFFHVV WR IXQFWLRQLQJ REVWHWULFFDUHGXHWRDIDLOHGV\VWHP SUHYDOHQFH DPLQLPXPRIYYISDWLHQWVZRUOGZLGHDZDLWLQJVXUJHU\RIZKRPDW
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Association of the Rectovestibular Fistula with MRKH Syndrome And
    Association of the rectovestibular fistula with MRKH Syndrome and the paradigm Review Article shift in the management in view of the future uterine transplant © 2020, Sarin YK Yogesh Kumar Sarin Submitted: 15-06-2020 Accepted: 30-09-2020 Director Professor & Head Department of Pediatric Surgery, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, INDIA License: This work is licensed under Correspondence*: Dr. Yogesh Kumar Sarin, Director Professor & Head Department of Pediatric Surgery, Lady a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India, E-mail: [email protected] International License. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47338/jns.v9.551 KEYWORDS ABSTRACT Rectovestibular fistula, Uterine transplantation in Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster̈ -Hauser (MRKH) patients with absolute Vaginal atresia, uterine function infertility have added a new dimension and paradigm shift in the Cervicovaginal atresia, management of females born with rectovestibular fistula coexisting with vaginal agenesis. MRKH Syndrome, The author reviewed the relevant literature of this rare association, the popular and practical Vaginoplasty, Bowel vaginoplasty, classifications of genital malformations that the gynecologists use, the different vaginal Ecchietti vaginoplasty, reconstruction techniques, and try to know what shall serve best in this small cohort of Uterine transplantation, these patients lest they wish to go for uterine transplantation in future. VCUA classification, ESHRE/ESGE classification, AFC classification, Krickenbeck classification INTRODUCTION
    [Show full text]
  • Rectovaginal Fistula Repair
    Rectovaginal Fistula Repair What is a rectovaginal fistula repair? It is surgery in which the healthy tissue between the rectum and vagina is stitched together to cover and repair the fistula. During the surgery, an incision (cut) is made either between the vagina and anus or just inside the vagina. The healthy tissue is then brought together in many separate layers. When is this surgery used? It is used to repair a rectovaginal fistula. A rectovaginal fistula is an abnormal opening or connection between the rectum and vagina. Stool and gas from inside the bowel can pass through the fistula into the vagina. This can lead to leaking of stool or gas through the vagina. How do I prepare for surgery? 1. You will return for a visit at one of our Preoperative Clinics 2-3 weeks before your surgery. At this visit, you will review and sign the consent form, get blood drawn for pre-op testing, and you may get an electrocardiogram (EKG) done to look for signs of heart disease. You will also receive more detailed education, including whether you need to stop any of your medicines before your surgery. 2. You may also get a preoperative evaluation from your primary care doctor or cardiologist, especially if you have heart disease, lung disease, or diabetes. This is done to make sure you are as healthy as possible before surgery. 3. Quit smoking. Smokers may have difficulty breathing during the surgery and tend to heal more slowly after surgery. If you are a smoker, it is best to quit 6-8 weeks before surgery 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Clinical, Pathologic and Pharmacologic Correlations 2004
    HUMAN REPRODUCTION: CLINICAL, PATHOLOGIC AND PHARMACOLOGIC CORRELATIONS 2004 Course Co-Director Kirtly Parker Jones, M.D. Professor Vice Chair for Educational Affairs Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Course Co-Director C. Matthew Peterson, M.D. Professor and Chief Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1 Welcome to the course on Human Reproduction. This syllabus has been recently revised to incorporate the most recent information available and to insure success on national qualifying examinations. This course is designed to be used in conjunction with our website which has interactive materials, visual displays and practice tests to assist your endeavors to master the material. Group discussions are provided to allow in-depth coverage. We encourage you to attend these sessions. For those of you who are web learners, please visit our web site that has case studies, clinical/pathological correlations, and test questions. http://medstat.med.utah.edu/kw/human_reprod 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Lectures/Examination................................................................................................................................... 4 Schedule........................................................................................................................................................ 5 Faculty .......................................................................................................................................................... 8 Groups .........................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Quinacrine Sterilization Induce Cryptomenorrhoea: a Rare Complication
    JMSCR Volume||2||Issue||4||Pages 726-729||April 2014 2014 www.jmscr.igmpublication.org Impact Factcor-1.1147 ISSN (e)-2347-176x Quinacrine Sterilization Induce Cryptomenorrhoea: A Rare Complication Authors Brig Kumar Praveen MD (Gynae) *, Gp Capt JC Sharma MD (Gynae)1, Dr Rupa Talukdar , MD (Gynae )2 *Consultant (Obs & Gynae) Base Hospital Lucknow 1Associate prof ( Obs & Gyn) Army college of medical sciences Delhi Cantt. 2 Senior Gynaecologist , cantonment general hospital, Delhi Cantt. Email: [email protected] Abstract- Quinacrine was used as a non-surgical technique for permanent sterilization was been under study several years back . It was used and propagated by several resource poor countries to control population . It was relatively inexpensive and had mass acceptability due to similarity in procedure of IUCD insertion.. The side effects of this sterilization process have been reported to be low as compared to surgical methods. Menstrual abnormalities in the form of menorrhagia and ammenorrhoea have been reported but cryptomenorrhea was very uncommon complication. Here we present a case of quinacrin induced crypyomenorrhoea in a young women. Keywords: quinacrine, cryptomenorrhoea, trans cervical sterilization, heamatometra. INTRODUCTION population. It was relatively inexpensive and had Quinacrine was used as a non-surgical technique mass acceptability due to similarity in procedure for permanent sterilization was been under study of IUCD insertion.. The side effects of this several years back . It was used and propagated sterilization process have been reported to be low by several resource poor countries to control as compared to surgical methods. Menstrual Brig Kumar Praveen et al JMSCR Volume 2 Issue 4 April 2014 Page 726 JMSCR Volume||2||Issue||4||Pages 726-729||April 2014 2014 abnormalities in the form of menorrhagia and About100 ml of collected altered blood was ammenorrhoea have been reported but drained and sent for culture and sensitivity.(Fig 1).
    [Show full text]
  • Could Stoma Reduce the Risk of Rectovaginal Fistula in Women With
    Could stoma reduce the risk of rectovaginal fistula in women with excision of deep endometriosis requiring concomitant vaginal and rectal sutures? A 363-patient comparative study Horace Roman1, Valerie Bridoux2, Benjamin Merlot1, Myriam Noailles1, Eric Magne1, Benoit Resch3, Damien Forestier1, and Jean-Jacques Tuech4 1Clinique Tivoli-Ducos 2Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rouen 3Clinique Mathilde 4University Hospital, Rouen July 1, 2020 Abstract Background: Even though preventive stoma is unlikely to ensure primary healing in women with juxtaposed rectal and vaginal sutures, it may be considered, in selected patients at risk of rectovaginal fistula, to reduce fistula related complications. Objec- tive: To assess whether a generalized use of preventive stoma reduces the rate of rectovaginal fistula in women with excision of deep endometriosis requiring concomitant vaginal and rectal sutures. Study Design: Retrospective comparative study including 363 patients with deep endometriosis infiltrating the rectum and the vagina. They were managed by either rectal disk excision or colorectal resection, concomitantly with vaginal excision, in two centers (Rouen and Bordeaux) each following differing policies concerning the use of stoma. The prevalence of rectovaginal fistula was assessed, and risk factors analysed. Results: 241 and 122 women received surgery in respectively Rouen and Bordeaux. The rate of preventive stoma was 71.4% in Rouen (N=172) and 30.3% in Bordeaux (N=37). Rectovaginal fistula were recorded in 31 cases (8.5%): 19 women in Rouen and 12 women in Bordeaux. Performing rectal sutures less than 8 cm above the anal verge increased the risk of rectovaginal fistula more than 3-fold, independently of other risk factors (OR 3.4, 95%CI 1.3-9.1).
    [Show full text]
  • Traumatic Gynecologic Fistula: a Consequence of Sexual Violence in Conflict Settings
    ACQUIRE Report Traumatic Gynecologic Fistula: A Consequence of Sexual Violence in Conflict Settings May 2006 A Report of a Meeting Held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, September 6 to 8, 2005 Addis Ababa Fistula Hospital EngenderHealth/The ACQUIRE Project Ethiopian Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Synergie des Femmes pour les Victimes des Violences Sexuelles © 2006 EngenderHealth/The ACQUIRE Project. All rights reserved. The ACQUIRE Project c/o EngenderHealth 440 Ninth Avenue New York, NY 10001 U.S.A. Telephone: 212-561-8000 Fax: 212-561-8067 e-mail: [email protected] www.acquireproject.org The meeting described in this report was funded by the American people through the Regional Economic Development Services Office for East and Southern Africa (REDSO), U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), through The ACQUIRE Project under the terms of cooperative agreement GPO-A-00-03- 00006-00. This publication also was made possible through USAID cooperative agreement GPO-A-00-03-00006-00, but the opinions expressed herein are those of the publisher and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. The ACQUIRE Project (Access, Quality, and Use in Reproductive Health) is a collaborative project funded by USAID and managed by EngenderHealth, in partnership with the Adventist Development and Relief Agency International (ADRA), CARE, IntraHealth International, Inc., Meridian Group International, Inc., and the Society for Women and AIDS in Africa (SWAA). The ACQUIRE Project’s mandate is to advance and support reproductive health and family planning services, with a focus on facility-based and clinical care. Printed in the United States of America.
    [Show full text]
  • Contemporary Issues in Obstetric Fistula
    CLINICAL OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY Volume 00, Number 00, 000–000 Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. Contemporary Issues in Obstetric Fistula L. LEWIS WALL, MD, DPHIL,*† ITENGRE OUEDRAOGO, MD,‡ and FEKADE AYENACHEW, MD§ *Department of Anthropology, College of Arts and Sciences; †Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; ‡Association Renaissance Arena, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; Danja Fistula Center, Danja, Niger; and §International Fistula Alliance, Terrewode Women’s Community Hospital, Soroti, Uganda Abstract: We discuss a variety of contemporary issues connected: for example, a vesicovaginal relating to obstetric fistula. These include definitions of fistula is an abnormal opening between these injuries, the etiologic mechanisms by which fistulas occur, the role of specialist fistula centers in diagnosis the bladder and the vagina. and management, the classification of fistulas, and the Fistulas arise in different ways. A small assessment of surgical outcomes. We also review the number of fistulas are congenital, arising growing need for complex reconstructive surgical pro- from defects that occur during embryog- cedures, follow-up challenges, and the transition to a enesis.1 More commonly, however, fistu- fistula-free world in which other pathologies (such as 2,3 pelvic organ prolapse) will be of increasing importance. las are caused by trauma. Finally, we discuss the need to develop responsive The most common fistulas occurring in systems of maternal health care that treat women with females are genitourinary fistulas (vesico- competence, compassion, respect, and fairness. vaginal fistula, urethrovaginal fistula, Key words: obstetric fistula, vesicovaginal fistula, ’ ureterovaginal fistula, etc.) and genito- obstructed labor, women s rights enteric fistulas (especially rectovaginal fistula).
    [Show full text]
  • Management of Reproductive Tract Anomalies
    The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India (May–June 2017) 67(3):162–167 DOI 10.1007/s13224-017-1001-8 INVITED MINI REVIEW Management of Reproductive Tract Anomalies 1 1 Garima Kachhawa • Alka Kriplani Received: 29 March 2017 / Accepted: 21 April 2017 / Published online: 2 May 2017 Ó Federation of Obstetric & Gynecological Societies of India 2017 About the Author Dr. Garima Kachhawa is a consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist in Delhi since over 15 years; at present, she is working as faculty at the premiere institute of India, prestigious All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. She has several publications in various national and international journals to her credit. She has been awarded various national awards, including Dr. Siuli Rudra Sinha Prize by FOGSI and AV Gandhi award for best research in endocrinology. Her field of interest is endoscopy and reproductive and adolescent endocrinology. She has served as the Joint Secretary of FOGSI in 2016–2017. Abstract Reproductive tract malformations are rare in problems depend on the anatomic distortions, which may general population but are commonly encountered in range from congenital absence of the vagina to complex women with infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss. defects in the lateral and vertical fusion of the Mu¨llerian Obstructive anomalies present around menarche causing duct system. Identification of symptoms and timely diag- extreme pain and adversely affecting the life of the young nosis are an important key to the management of these women. The clinical signs, symptoms and reproductive defects. Although MRI being gold standard in delineating uterine anatomy, recent advances in imaging technology, specifically 3-dimensional ultrasound, achieve accurate Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • FOGSI Focus Endometriosis 2018
    NOT FOR RESALE Join us on f facebook.com/JaypeeMedicalPublishers FOGSI FOCUS Endometriosis FOGSI FOCUS Endometriosis Editor-in-Chief Jaideep Malhotra MBBS MD FRCOG FRCPI FICS (Obs & Gyne) (FICMCH FIAJAGO FMAS FICOG MASRM FICMU FIUMB) Professor Dubrovnik International University Dubrovnik, Croatia Managing Director ART-Rainbow IVF Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India President FOGSI–2018 Co-editors Neharika Malhotra Bora MBBS MD (Obs & Gyne, Gold Medalist), FMAS, Fellowship in USG & Reproductive Medicine ICOG, DRM (Germany) Infertility Consultant Director, Rainbow IVF Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India Richa Saxena MBBS MD ( Obs & Gyne) PG Diploma in Clinical Research Obstetrician and Gynaecologist New Delhi, India The Health Sciences Publisher New Delhi | London | Panama Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd Headquarters Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd 4838/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj New Delhi 110 002, India Phone: +91-11-43574357 Fax: +91-11-43574314 Email: [email protected] Overseas Offi ces J.P. Medical Ltd Jaypee-Highlights Medical Publishers Inc 83 Victoria Street, London City of Knowledge, Bld. 237, Clayton SW1H 0HW (UK) Panama City, Panama Phone: +44 20 3170 8910 Phone: +1 507-301-0496 Fax: +44 (0)20 3008 6180 Fax: +1 507-301-0499 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd 17/1-B Babar Road, Block-B, Shaymali Bhotahity, Kathmandu Mohammadpur, Dhaka-1207 Nepal Bangladesh Phone: +977-9741283608 Mobile: +08801912003485 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Website: www.jaypeebrothers.com Website: www.jaypeedigital.com © 2018, Federation of Obstetric and Gynaecological Societies of India (FOGSI) 2018 The views and opinions expressed in this book are solely those of the original contributor(s)/author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of editor(s) of the book.
    [Show full text]
  • Isolated Twisted Hematosalphinx Misleading with Ovarian Cyst Torsion
    International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology Khairnar V et al. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2019 Mar;8(3):1219-1222 www.ijrcog.org pISSN 2320-1770 | eISSN 2320-1789 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20190911 Case Report Isolated twisted hematosalphinx misleading with ovarian cyst torsion Vaibhav Khairnar*, Shalini Mahana Valecha, Pandeeswari Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ESI-PGIMSR, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Received: 05 December 2018 Accepted: 05 February 2019 *Correspondence: Dr. Vaibhav Khairnar, E-mail: [email protected] Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ABSTRACT Normal or chronically inflamed fallopian tube can undergo torsion and present as acute abdomen, simulating clinically as ectopic gestation. Torsion of the fallopian tube is less frequent but significant cause of lower abdominal pain in reproductive age women that is difficult to recognize preoperatively. Authors present a rare case of hematosalpinx with torsion at its pedicle with hemoperitonium who presented as 28 years old female with acute abdomen that was successfully treated. In cases presenting with hemoperitoneum diagnosis of ruptured ectopic pregnancy should be made unless proved otherwise during reproductive age. Rarely ruptured ovarian cyst may also be a cause. Unfortunately, hematosalpinx sometimes can undergo torsion due to circulatory imbalance and can present as hemoperitoneum and circulatory collapse due to rupture. There have been no specific symptoms, clinical findings, imaging or laboratory characteristics identified for this condition.
    [Show full text]
  • The Clinical Role of LASER for Vulvar and Vaginal Treatments in Gynecology and Female Urology: an ICS/ISSVD Best Practice Consensus Document
    Received: 30 November 2018 | Accepted: 3 January 2019 DOI: 10.1002/nau.23931 SOUNDING BOARD The clinical role of LASER for vulvar and vaginal treatments in gynecology and female urology: An ICS/ISSVD best practice consensus document Mario Preti MD1 | Pedro Vieira-Baptista MD2,3 | Giuseppe Alessandro Digesu PhD4 | Carol Emi Bretschneider MD5 | Margot Damaser PhD5,6,7 | Oktay Demirkesen MD8 | Debra S. Heller MD9 | Naside Mangir MD10,11 | Claudia Marchitelli MD12 | Sherif Mourad MD13 | Micheline Moyal-Barracco MD14 | Sol Peremateu MD12 | Visha Tailor MD4 | TufanTarcanMD15 | EliseJ.B.DeMD16 | Colleen K. Stockdale MD, MS17 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy 2 Hospital Lusíadas Porto, Porto, Portugal 3 Lower Genital Tract Unit, Centro Hospitalar de São João, Porto, Portugal 4 Department of Urogynaecology, Imperial College Healthcare, London, UK 5 Center for Urogynecology and Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery, Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 6 Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 7 Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 8 Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Istanbul University Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey 9 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 10 Kroto Research Institute, Department of Material Science and Engineering,
    [Show full text]
  • Colorectal-Vaginal Fistulas: Imaging and Novel Interventional Treatment Modalities
    Journal of Clinical Medicine Review Colorectal-Vaginal Fistulas: Imaging and Novel Interventional Treatment Modalities M-Grace Knuttinen *, Johnny Yi ID , Paul Magtibay, Christina T. Miller, Sadeer Alzubaidi, Sailendra Naidu, Rahmi Oklu ID , J. Scott Kriegshauser and Winnie A. Mar ID Mayo Clinic Arizona; Phoenix, AZ 85054 USA; [email protected] (J.Y.); [email protected] (P.M.); [email protected] (C.T.M.); [email protected] (S.A.); [email protected] (S.N.); [email protected] (R.O.); [email protected] (J.S.K.); [email protected](W.A.M.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +480-342-1650 Received: 11 March 2018; Accepted: 16 April 2018; Published: 22 April 2018 Abstract: Colovaginal and/or rectovaginal fistulas cause significant and distressing symptoms, including vaginitis, passage of flatus/feces through the vagina, and painful skin excoriation. These fistulas can be a challenging condition to treat. Although most fistulas can be treated with surgical repair, for those patients who are not operative candidates, limited options remain. As minimally-invasive interventional techniques have evolved, the possibility of fistula occlusion has enriched the therapeutic armamentarium for the treatment of these complex patients. In order to offer optimal treatment options to these patients, it is important to understand the imaging and anatomical features which may appropriately guide the surgeon and/or interventional radiologist during pre-procedural planning. Keywords: colorectal-vaginal fistula; fistula; percutaneous fistula repair 1. Review of Current Literature on Vaginal Fistulas Vaginal fistulas account for some of the most distressing symptoms seen by clinicians today. The symptomatology of vaginal fistulas is related to the type of fistula; these include rectovaginal, anovaginal, colovaginal, enterovaginal, vesicovaginal, ureterovaginal, and urethrovaginal fistulas, with the two most common types reported as being vesicovaginal and rectovaginal [1].
    [Show full text]